Morning Oregonian., February 19, 1915, Page 10, Image 10

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TORTLAND, JRID-ir, FEB. W. I914-
ASSERT RIGHTS OF NEUTRALS.
The notes with which the United
States Is being bombarded by both
Great Britain and Germany reveal
tliia country in the unpleasant position
of the man who sets In the way of two
men engaged in a fight. Each pugilist
hits that man in the effort to reach
the other. Under such circumstances
the unoffending third party is tempt
ed to hit back at each party who hits
him. The two belligerent nations are
loud in their defense of the rights of
belligerents: it Is high time that neu
trals began vigorously to assert the
rights of neutrals.
Each of the two naval belligerents
excuses its violation of the rules of
war by citing some violation by the
other. Recriminations and reprisals
have reduced the rules of war to
straps of paper unless a powerful
third party insists on their observance
in tones and in a manner which can
not be ignored.
Britain seizes neutral ships bound
for neutral ports on the pretext that
the ultimate destination of their car
goes is an enemy's country and that
therefore the cargoes are contraband,
if they consist of war supplies. Brit
ain has extended the list of absolute
contraband to include many commo
dities not included In that list by the
Hague treaties, but what are the
Hague treaties? Mere scraps of pa
per. That country takes ships out of
their course to Us own ports for search
and subjects them to Insufferable de
lavs, which derange or destroy com
merce. As an excuse. Britain points
with suspicion to the large increase in
volume of contraband imports to neu
tral countries from the United States,
ignoring the fact that the war has
forced those countries to turn to new
sources of supply. Britain makes the
German government's seizure of food
the pretext for treating food as abso
lute contraband, receiving with in
credulity German pledges that import
ed food shall be used by the civilian
population alone. Britain tells her
merchantmen to seek safety under
neutral flags, thereby rendering a
neutral flag worthless as protection
of ship, crew and cargo.
On her part, Germany sows mines
broadcast in the sea in violation of
the rules of war. She threatens to
extend this practice to all seas sur
rounding the British Isles and warns
the maritime world to use the high
way of nations at its peril. She also
threatens submarine attacks on ships
carrying contraband to her enemy and
she contends that, if by mistake she
sinks neutral ships and takes neutral
lives, that will be the consequence of
her enemy's misuse of neutral flags
and arming of merchant ships and of
changes in methods of warfare due to
introduction of mines and submarines.
While thus violating the rules of war,
Germany professes willingness to
abide by the London declaration,
which has been set aside by the
United States as well as by Britain
and France. The extreme measures
Germany proposes are excused on the
plea that she is resisting an attempt
to starve her entire population, a rlea
which scarcely agrees with boasts that
Germans- had ample food for her own
people. She taunts neutrals with hav
ing "achieved no, or Insignificant,
results in safeguarding their rights
in legitimate commerce with Ger
many," while they make unlimited
use) of their right to carry contraband
to her enemies. Phe maintains that
neutral have as much right to cease
contraband trade as to neglect legiti
mate trade with Germany.
Germany, too, will now regard food
as Contraband and will endeavor to
out off the British supply of food as
well' as of war munitions. If in the
process neutrals suffer, they will have
had fair warning and must abide the
consequences. She makes a clever bid
for Indirect aid from the United States
by representing herself to be the
champion of the freedom of the seas,
by inviting this country to insist that
the American flag be not used by
British ships, by asking us to "find
a way to make the declaration of
London respected" and, most impor
tant of all, by suggesting that we send
armed convoys with merchant ships
carrying non-contraband.
Th suggestion that we send convoys
to protect our merchant ships looks
attractive on Its face, but it is bristling
with dangers to this country. British
cruisers would Insist on their right to
search ships going under convoy to
German ijorts and American warships
acting as convoy would have the
choice between consent and resist
ance. If they consented, the eonvoy
would be proved useless; If they re
sisted, there would be war. The chief
commodity Germany wishes to Import
is food, but Britain refuses to accept
any assurances or precautions that
food imported to Germany would be
used by the civil population alone, and
would treat food as contraband.
American ships going under convoy
to British ports would be free from
attack or detention by Germany on
the- sole assumption that they carried
non-contraband. Food now being con
traband, little non-contraband is being
carried, hence we should be free to
convoy few ships. Further, the con
voying of one class of ships would be
plain notice to Germany that all others
carried contraband, though Ameri
cans have an equal right to sell any
commodity abroad, provided they take
an equal risk of its capture as con
traband. Under the conditions de
scribed, the -seller of contraband
would take a greater risk.
The German proposal Is In effect
that the United Staes aid her In nulli
fying the advantage Great Britain has
enjoyed so far of controlling the sea,
and that we risk war with that coun
try In so doing. Germany offers lis
the' alternative of seeing our ships
sunk and their crews drowned in ber
effort to fcreak this control. Great
Britain, by her course In misusing our
flag and In arming her mereninuium
adds to the danger of this fate. Neu
trals suffer far more through a dis
puted than through an absolute con
trol of the sea. '
Tb. TTnitoH stfitps asks no more
from both, nations than freedom. to go
about its peaceful business, ti u)
n..i. in hoi-rvinr our commerce, we
have in our possession a drastic rem
edy short of war wun euner. x...o
an embargo on food exports to any
belligerent country. . xne uresuuwi
does not wish to be understood as rec
At.in. Bnih a. measure, merely
mentioning the fac.t to show that this
Nation holds a trump cara ior use w
an extreme case.- An embargo on
food exports would stil further de-
Mnmrrl hut It WOUld dO
infinitely less injury than war and it
would not last long. Botn oeinget
ents neea. our grain and meat far more
than we need their money, and the
pangs of hunger would soon inspire
both with ' a wholesome respect for
the rights of neutrals. A mere hint
might, suffice. ,
COMING BACK HOME.
Down at Medford, on the Lamented
Emancipator's birthday, there was a
grand jubilee banquet attended by the
....nit Prn?tivf"j and Republicans
of Jackson County. The Medford Sun,
a Progressive newspaper, aevoteu
large space 'to the affair, and added
anr.nni.ata t' ri m m p n f of its OWn. A
Jacksonville paper thereupon accused
the Sun of demanding as.ine price ui
it. rotnm in the old fold that it be
permitted to "dominate the party,"
. ...... a rr- v n
only to desert it in time oi iieeu.
Sun pertinently replied:
We don't want to war the Republican
party or any other party. What we do want
Is the complete and absolute retirement or
. , 1 . i.. .. f.nm National affairs
In 11. and we are solng to do everything
we csn with tne jacssonv.im
mission to bring that about. . tt
If we must bear "watchlns as a deserter,
i . -i 1, iA it Rut if the Jack-
wen auu 1""- w -
sonville Post bad attended the Lincoln day
banquet, as a few former rro8.Y .
Republicans did, perhsps he would have
. i j . i. .. . ....hi., ami- waitlns had
conciuuei. i 1 1 . L " - . .
about run Its course. He misht even have
decided that whether tne rrosr'"" J'"
the Republicans or inc nuuiitnii. .
gresslves. maae utile m. - r-
. . v, anH nmnt ul ODDOrtunity
were icscinoi ' - - - ,
.- . .. . .-mure meal acaln
was jjfwuicu r --,
and retire Brother Bryan to the Chau
tauqua circuit.
wht ia to haDoen In 1916, and not
... honnonorf in 1912. is the only
subject worth the joint consideration
of Republicans and Progressives, .me
Republican who seeks to iock ine i
upon the returning Progressive is an
oir,.r.t ripmocrat: the Progressiva
who continues to stay outside belongs
with the Democratic party, and will
soon be there or nowhere. ,
The Sun correctly appraises tne sit
uation when It suggests that the great
duty of 1916 will be the retirement of
the Democratic party
LOCAL 'REPRESENTATION?
1. n.nffnnlan aSKlltTlPS that v it IS
needless to remark that it was not
consulted by the State Prohibition
committee nor the State Federation of
Labor about the newest enterprise
Zealand idea on
the people of Oregon; nor does It hesi
tate to .confess tnat it is not m
nn..nsia r,e ihA Pronortional Repre
sentation bureau, the secretary of
which writes today ror tne purjiueo
differing with The Oregonian.
Yet The Oregonian is movca io My
hot if i.irl nnil would have pointed
out to the sponsors of th proposed
constitutional amendment several
irrlevous defects which will surely
guarantee its overwnenning ucici
...i it i cnhtnitfnH to the voters if
it evrr is just as its predecessors
have been beaten.
' T-jto tvr ovnmnle. th matter about
which Secretary Rankin writes. She
savs that The Oregonian is in error
when it "says that the bill provides
for the election ot non-reamem,
ntotiiroc ' Thfl Orpeonian did not
say quite that. It declared that it
will be possible to elect as representa
tives in the Legislature non-rfisidents
r riiti.iq it mieht aunear to be
.n ,-rtit.h( flint there is no provision
in the amendment requiring a candi
date for the legislature to " . uun
fide resident of the district from
which he asks election; but wc sus
....t hii it not- We reneat that
it will be possible to foist non-resident
legislators upon tne people ui
ticular section, and we think that it
will be even probable when the pro
hibitionists antj"the labor men and
affiliated political groups find it ad
vantageous to promote the candidacy
of some particular person.
But. however an mat may uc, i
u., r- onnnrh that th DroDosal. pre
tending to be for "local representa
tion," Intends that an elector residing
in on.. lntrtBisitivA district may record
his vote for a legislative candidate
from any other district in Oregon.
Local representation? Hardly. The
doors are thrown open and outsiders
everywhere in tne state are inviieu
to step up and help elect a "local"
epresentative.
ROOT'S PUBLIC CAREER ENDS.
Elihu Root, the man whom Theo
dore Roosevelt- described as tne
greatest man that has appeared in
the public life of any country in any
position on either side of the ocean
in mv time " completed his 70th year
on February 15 and will close his pub
lic career by his retirement rrom tne
United States Senate on March 4. He
hno iwnn the hlcrhest place at the bar
of the United States and has only
fallen short of winning tne nigneBc
ni9ri in the trift of the people through
the people's, not his own, shortcom
ings, unless what tne new xom nveu
ing Post calls being "poll-shy" Is a
ihortcoming.
tvith nn fortune except a (rood col
lege education and a good brain, he
rrived in New York as a young man.
rejecting help and saying:
"I want to find out wnetner j. am
man or a. mouse." He proved him
self a man at the outset by taking a
leading part in some of the most im
portant litigation of his time. Deing
pitted against veterans of the bar. He
has been 6tyled a corporation lawyer,
but in fact he practiced law In every
department before corporations began
to employ him extensively to tell them
"how to do legally what they wanted
An m nnxspKHes in rare combina
tion both the analytical and the con
structive faculty and narnman as
cribed Thomas F. Ryan's successes in
business chiefly to him. Throughout
v, i., r.-, r00r at thp liar ha remained sim
ply a lawyer, not developing Into a
magnate or banker, as aia otner
lawyers.
He early became active In New York
politics, but after a defeat tor a judge
ship in 1879 he never sought popular
oiwttnn in nffii-p. thnuirh he was twice
elected delegate to state constitutional
conventions. He served a term as
United' States District Attorney, be
came a Republican district leader, and
might have been yarned for Governor.
Rumor has it that In 1900 he stepped
MORNING OREGOXIAy, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1915.
TIIE
aside In favor of Roosevelt, when he
might have been named ror vice--res-ldent,
and thus gave up the certainty
of becoming President.
His greatest work in public life
was done as Secretary of War, In
which capacity he brought about re
organization and increase of the Army,
and as Secretary of State In succession
to John Hay. He made a tour of
South America, strengthening the
bonds between that continent and the
United States; was a member of the
Alaska Boundary Commission, repre
sented the United States at The Hague
In the Newfoundland fisheries case. 13
a member of the Permanent Court at
The Hague and is president of the Car
negie Peace Endowment,
Contrary to custom, Mr. Root was
no sooner elected to the Senate than
he stepped into a place among the
leaders of that body. He has been
heard often there in support of con
servative and sanely progressive poli
cies, but his party had traveled beyond
him on such questions as direct elec
tion -of Senators, income tax and cur
rency legislation. As chairman of the
Republican National Convention of
1912, he ruled that turbulent assem
blage with ease and only the most vio
lent questioned him fairness.
Mr. Root's 'jiame has often been
discussed m connection with the Pres
1 3 , nnf4 thnsc' -nrtrn know him best
agree that he possesses in an unusual
degree an- tne iiuniura
one the ability to
win the crowd. Because he is not
emotional, he is called cola ana xnere
fore not a vote-getter, the fact being
that he is far from emotionless. Had
he ever been President, the same fac
valuable to his
Mins rnleht have done inestimable
service to the people. His career, as
it stands. Is surncient to give mm
place among the republic's greatest
statesmen. ,
NO JOKE.
MHorr, saiA the chairman of the
a - ,.iriianr-n fnmmittee. calling
on a suddenly bereft widow, "Madam,
the joke is on us. We have lynched
your husband by mis'take."
There is grave reason to tnina'tiwt
i ii. rAo,.,. on! p.neland. in their
UUIU uuii"ci..j - ' J
sWet-m (nation tn starve each other to
death by the drastic pro6ess of shut
ting oft food supplies, wi sinne mi
and investigate aiterwaru:?.
Tf a n antral vessel with American
wheat should' be in the "war zone'
and should encounter a German sub
marine and should be torpedoed and
sunk, we snouia prouamy jia.c
h,t,ims nflfnowlede-ment that the
Joke was on Germany for its blunder;
but the loss to America in comment
and in lives would be as irreparable
as the Arizona widow's.
Or if an English-laid mine snouia
h truir ihv sl food-laden ship or any
other vessel from America, and tt
should go "to the bottom, it is easy to
imagine the disconcerted feelings of
the British admiralty, who realy would
be very sorry, ana wouia arec ma.i. iv
Hart nnl it reallv ought not
,V tlO lw ' I -
to have happened, and will the United
States please accept threat, nnwiu
assurances of profound regret?
But the war zone is no joke, and
the German submarines and the Eng
lish mlnps are stern and imminent
probabilities. What are we going to do
about it?1
FANNIE CROSBY,
i.'anm-n (Vtishv the blind writer of
songs and hymns, had almost outlived
her fame when she died last ween at
tv. mm nf 35 vears. Half a century
ago everybody knew her popular
songs. A great many people still sing
her hymns, but their vogue is passing.
There are fashions in sacred music
just as in dances. It is only such hymn
w Titers as Watts, Cowper and Charles
Wesley who survive all changes.
Fanny Crosby wrote nymns oi mo
Mhtr nnt mich as "Rescue the Per
ishing." "Just a Word for Jesus," "I
Am Thine, O Lord," ana tne ime,
ni.irh are ant to be greatly pleasing
for a few years and then forgotten.
Her "Safe -in the Arms or Jesus was
nritton (n fifteen minutes- at the re
quest of a friend who had conceived a
melody to which he deslrea some ap
n -nr. rial worr!. Few writers have
hn more prolific. Her pieces were
so numerous that compilers of hymn
books assigned to her zuu pen names
in order that she should not seem tu
monopolize their pages.
i-.,nnu Prnahp Inst her e.vesieht In
childhood by an accident and was
therefore educated at a scnooi ior me
blind. It was here that she met her
future husband, Alexander Van Al-
styne, who was also blind. Tneir mar
rio,i iif lasted lust fifty years, the
husband dying in 1902. Fanny Crosby
also composed some, beautiful secular
songs of which "Hazel Dell" Is a fine
example. "Rosalie the Prairie Flow
er" which was once on many lips is
also one of her notable pieces of work.
POPULAR KOAD IMSCCSSION.
Th riiKPiission of the road question
ichixh 1 5i eniner on throughout the
state Is encouraging even when it is
wrong-headed. It snows at any rate
that tiaopIa are interested in the sub
ject, which is a great gain over the
time when nobody in particular cared
whether we had decent roaas or not.
Even a preference for mud and sink
holes is better than no preference at
all. The discussion is for the most part
as intelligent as one could wish, but
occasionally it goes a little astray. We
wish to comment upon two errors mat
appear to be rather common. The
fir.t la that tha farmers as a class
should be satisfied with the miserable
highways we now have. One writer
says "the great bulk of the farmers
onH mpn who do the heavy hauling in
the country can get along nicely with
good ground roads, l nave yei to nuu
a farmer who owns and farms his own
land that desires to bond it to build
hard-surface roads." The rarmer may
be reluctant to bond his property to
h.,11 haltAr rnmlR nnH for all that be
very much dissatisfied with those we
now have. The moment a man jearns
the close connection between good
r-n-, ,a anrf markets, between easy
hauls and big profits, he is apt to be
come an advocate of nignway im
nrnvement. thoueh he may still wish
somebody else to pay for it.
It Is 6imply not tne ract tnat tarm
ers and those who. do heavy hauling
in vi nnunirv "can eet alone nicely"
with dirt roads. The writer whom we
quote himself admits tnat sucn roaas
o nArmailv imTiassable for half the
year. He gets around the difficulty
by urging proaucers 10 ao an tneir
hauling Jn the Summer, but what a
xnnfMuann of mossbackism that is.
Farmers should be able to market
their produce when prices are pest.
This may be in Summer or it may be
In Winter. The man who held his
what this season won enormous prof
its by doing so and something of the
rt TYia v hanoen any Winter. It
is bad counsel to urge farmers to sac
rifice all their opportunuie. during six
months of every year. But there is
another aspect of the transportation
question. It is a thriftless waste of
time and money for each producer to
haul his own crops to market, no mat
ter whether the roads toe good or bad.
Many farmers' have already discovered
this fact. Others will soon do so. The
auto-truck which gathers produce at
many doors and transports it to mar
ket for all effects a saving which may
well make the difference between a
surplus and a deficit for the year.
Now the auto truck is only partially
effective on dirt roads. It requires a
hard surface in order to give its best
service and do its work most cheaply.
With a fair road bed to run on, the
auto truck relieves the farmer of the
trying task of hauling his produce to
market and enables him to give his
whole attention to his legitimate busi
ness. The problem of transportation is
entirely different from that of produc
tion. Once a man has grown his
crops, whatever they may be, he
should feel assured of speedy and
cheap transportation to market when
ever prices are most remunerative.
This implies hard-surfaced country
roads with regular auto-truck service.
The other error into which those
who discuss the road question are apt
to fall Is the supposition that piece
meal work here and there without sys
tem or connection will accomplish de
sirable results. It never will. Every
rod of work done on the roads should
h a. calculated part of a rational
scheme- covering at least an entire
county. It were better lr it covereu
the state. Immediate local needs must
ho loft to local effort, but in every
county there should be a consistent
plan of highway building which em
hr all th main thoroughfares and
leaves nothing to amateurs and ignor
amuses. Roadbulicnng requires com
petent engineering and no engineer
can attain good results unless he is
permitted to lay out a large scheme
and follow It faithfully year after year.
we should presently
see each county in . Oregon pervaded
by trunk thoroughfares suitaDie iur
auto-truck dviving, with branch roads
...nnin into the svstem past every
farm. The laterals would necessarily
be inferior to the trunks tor some
uoa-a hut improvement would be con
stant and the consummation of it all
would be a complete system or roaas
serving remote hamlets as wen
central towns. The skeptical will look
upon this as an idle dream, but such
dreams have a habit of'coming true.
Rich counties like Benton and , Mult
nomah need not put off its realization
Tnnro than a few vears. In less wealthy
sections it can hardly come so soon,
but in the long run the economic ne
cessities and the intelligence of the
Oregon 'farmers will bring it to pass,
everywhere in the state .
If there be truth in the' report from
Copenhagen that the Kaiser will exile
5,000,000 Germans "with independent
innr.mo" tn save the food they would
consume, the immigration boards of
thio .nnnirv have their work cut out.
The rumor, however, is full of im-
probability
Tf .niihvi9.n!i were as superstitious
as seamen there would be few willing
to take the Ship of. State out alter
Kiieh an inauspicious launching as the
Ship Purchase Bill had.
At Centralia a day or two ago seven
hA0.uru wnrU-inc- the city were each
shy a left leg, and instead of invoking
the antitrust law tne puuue mauc
them leave town.
TJi- Avon jshnnld Germany declare
war,' no doubt our astute diplomats at
Washington, all circumstances consid
ered, would pronounce it purely psy-
chologipal. -
Should Iowa be too dry for the
thirsty Hawkeye next year, he can
find relief in Oregon not much, to
be sure, but enough to take off the
edge.
Ai.r.nrrilria'- to a earment expert
women call dress more cheaply than
men. Perhaps so, but the . fact re
mains that they don't.
The American girl goes to wed a
soldier in the French army. She
stands an excellent chance or Deing a
widow in the Spring.
fr-h lonai nffonder with nine chil
dren was fully entitled to the special
consideration which he received from
Judge Davis.
Here is opportunity for a bright
young financier. The 450,000 horse
power at Celilo can be developed for
$50.000,000. '
c.n.i. Atnor'a "sanitary mattress"
law will fit into Senator Kellaher's
nine-foot sheet law of long ago.
mi.. antorl on 25 bills in two
hours. The usual record is two bills
in twenty-five hours.
Tho To-isiature will soon pass into
history, for which let us give appro
priate thanks.
n,.!b livfiri-oa are restored in Ne
vada by the Legislature. Reno needs
the business.
.
whut has hworae of the poet who
can write an epic to the glory in a
great war.
to he with the peo
ple and against the Democrats on the
ship bill.
OThof urn von a-oinz to do about
it?" as Berlin remarks to Washington.
ttv ht nrlr-os aoDear to have
been hit by the German submarines.
what . one-sided affair legislation
would be with a single housei
Th bread-and-butter brigade !
making itself felt at Salem.
K'or York rve supply cut off at
bakeshop or bar, which?
The "dam" lines have gone out of
the passenger business.
The early fly is in evidence, very
spry and hard to swat.
Certainly a "fast" life killed tailor
Roth at Palo Alto.
Perhaps "foreign policy" isn't a mis
nomer after alK '
Cheer up! If the powers don't back
down we will. -
Great Britain passes the buck. .
Submarines are on the Job.
Then pmething slipped.
PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION.
Secretary of Bureau Differ" With The
Oregonian as to Meaanre.
PORTLAND. Feb. 18. (To the Edi
torsThrough the courtesy of the pro
moters of the proposed prohibition and
State Federation proportional repre
sentation amendment we have copies
of the amendment and letter to the
members of the Legislature. An edi
torial in The Oregonian intimates that
the amendment provides for the elec
tion of noji-resident district represent
atives In fairness to the promoters
let us say that no such provision exists
in the amendment. It clearly states
that the "candidate for Representative
In each of said districts (who receives
the highest number- of votes) shall
thereby be elected as the Representa
tive in the Legislative Assembly from
that district."
Further, the editorial says: Portland
electors may vote for the Klamath
County candidate for Representative,
or vice versa." It is not likely that a
Portland elector will vote for a Klam
ath County candidate for Representa
tive, unless he feels that the Klamath
County man will "represent" and not
"misrepresent" him.
What is real local representation? Do
the Representatives represent their par
ticular local districts only?
Is it not true that Representatives
from over the state by their votes in
the Legislature often settle local issues
not affecting their district?
There is a double proviso in the meas
ure that ia intended to make it self
executing;, even thougrh the Legislature
refuse or fail to perform its duty in
redistricting the state. Past experience
has proved such emergencies are neces
nnrv to e-et tha will of the people en
acted Into active law. In this case there
is a proviso that the amenameni may
apply to the present legislative districts
and shall become operative through the
votes given the highest 60 over the
entire state, which is quite different
from that intimated in The Oregonian.
Moreover, let it not be supposed that
the promoters of this 'measure are so
dull as not to understand the workable
features of the amendment. It is en
tirely gratuitous for any other conclu
sion to arise.
NETTIE MAE RANKIN,
Secretary Proportional Representation
Bureau.
Ilogrs and Rosea.
PORTLAND, Or., Feb. 16. (To the
Editor.) Now that your paper seems
to be the clearing house for all sorts
of questions I wish to submit the fol
lowing conditions, asking for a state
ment as to my protection, if any, unaer
present laws: A is a lover of roses
and spends time and money in the
preparation of beds and the purchas
ing of the newest roses. B is his neigh
bor and is a lover of dogs, cares next
to nothing for roses or lawn, owns
a female dog and allows her to roam
at her own sweet will over the entire
neighborhood. She gathers her dog
companions' and escorts them through
A's rose garden until the dog trails
are beaten paths among his choice
plants. Is there any law to protect A?
Can this lady dog be compelled to en
tertain in her own back yard? Can
her friends be compelled to remain at
home? Does the owner of a dog have
any responsibility for same? Can any
person own a dog and by buying a
license purchase the right to turn that
doe loose to provoke and to destroy.
6 ROSES.
The City Attorney's office advises
that in cases of this kind the only re
course is under the Nuisance ordinance.
If you can prove the situation is a nuis
ance, you may be able to obtain some
form of relief.
Antl-Varelnatlon UpNeld.
PORTLAND, Feb. 15. (To hie Edi
tor ) i beg leave to claim for Sena
tor Gus C. Moser the honor of intro
ducinc; the first anti-vaccination bill
in the Oregon Legislature, an honor
one of your paragraphers would deny
him, calling it "the usual anti-vaccin-ation
bill." ,
This bill is not only unusual it -is
mighty timely. The Health Boards
have plugged us with their dope wi ly
nilly just about long enough. They
have done it, too, without any par
ticular authorization. The only way
to reach them appears to be to let old
Oregon tell them they will bo treated
like other felonB if they try it agrain.
As for calling it a graveyard bill.
If The Oregonian and other provat
are right, it can t fill graveyards with
any but antivacs, and when wc are
out of the way, think of the happy
vaccination time the pros can ; hav..
It always did seem remarkable how
tenderly the provac folk, love us and
how miserable they become at thought
of loving us. Why, we antis see the
tVue belfevers fill themselves up w th
"Our nights In Cenal Zone."
CENTRAL POINT Or.. Feb. 17.
(To the Editor.) Does the United
States own the Panama Canal Zone or
does she control it under a long time
lease' What are the principal terms
of the agreement under which tht.
country assumed VhLEr!
The Canal Zone was acquired by the
United States under the Hay-Bunau-Varilla
treaty, which provides:
"The Republic of Panama grants to
the United States in perpetuity the use
occupation and control of a zone of
land and land under water
of the width 6f ten miles.
"The Republic of Panama grants to
the United States all the rights,
newer and authority within the zone
motioned which the United States
would possess and exercise if it were
the sovereign of the territory to th.
entire exclusion of the exercise by the
t,,,,,.,. of any such
foevPerergn rights? "power or authority."
Contracts Made On Snnday.
PORTLAND, Feb. 18. (To the Edi
F?K.' made and signed on
lA. 1
iis .bn2e of a sewing
Sunday
and a money difference or
machine
value in
in law? UNION avimnu.
Generally speaking all contracts
MCh are made between two competent
irtiee. for a proper consideration.
without fraud and for a law u, pur-
pose
are enrorceaom
of the legal "Dont's" is "Don t en
to an agreement on Sunday unless
ratified on a week day."
one
ter I
it Is
The New Connty.
- - v. te T ihn V. ri i -
tt-icgTTj Or., reu. iw. -
ton) Wlil you please publish in yTmr
P"peri,.- o of the county recently
J. 1D0 -
'VFrom what county or counties
'S-Tounty seat of, the newly
formed county. - J- F- GIBbO.N.
I- wrasf'ormed out of the north
western part of Crook County.
j(. Culver, Or.
-.iia pisie In Oregon.
INGOMAR. Mont.. Feb. 14. (To the
tor.) To seitiB --"-"-."-
you
kindly publisn wnem-i J"""
is
grov
,wn in Oregon 10 u
ILEjIK. 1 1 1j xvo iji
The finest large bodies of yellow pine
extant are in Oregon. Nearly an um
ber n Crook and Klamatn counties is
yellow pine. The timber belts in the
eastern part of the state are mostly
yellow pine.
ROOSEVELT A UECLHOtJXD OF WAR
Yet the Country Vnder Mini Enjoye
Era ot Perfect Penee.
New York Times.
That model of the woolsack, Chict
Justice Isaac Franklin Russell, may
have departed a little bit from the sa
gacity and wisdom that characterize
almost all of his Judicial utterances
when he described Theodore Roosevelt
as "a hellhound of war." It so hap
pens that while President Roosevelt
bared his teeth very often he was the
most peaceful President that it would
be possible to imagine. Wars are not
always made by belligerent and bellicose-talking
men. It Is easily possible
to think of the idea that a lover of
peace, a man to whom warfare was
abhorrent, even a man who had been
in charge of a university before he be
came President of the United States,
might, with all his good intentions, en
danger the peace of the country more
than a ferocious President who knew
how the business of nations was con
ducted. Theodore Roosevelt is an example of
one of these two kinds of Presidents.
We may specify Jamea K. Polk as an
example of the other kind. Mr. Roose
velt did not embark our nation in any
bloody adventure during the seven
years when he was at its head. Once
he was asked to tell what was the
greatest service he had rendered in the
cause of peace. His questioner expected
him to Bay that it was his part in end
ing the Russo-Japanese war, for which
he received tho $40,000 Nobel prize. The
ex-President smiled and said, "The
sending of the American fleet to the
Pacific In 1U07."
He may have been mistaken, but
there is no qbestion that the man who
does the most for peace may be the
man who knows best the meaning of
war. At any rate, well-meaning Ad
ministrations with a theoretical and
academic love of peace are not always
the surest guarantees against strife.
STRONGER SECRETARY IS WWTED
Foreign Tangle Dne to War Calls for
Firm Hiind Sna Mr. Lowell.
rtsNDLETON. Or.. Feb. 15. (To the
Edor.) The writer has hitherto had
little sympathy with the press criti
cism of the Wilsoni foreign poliry, be
lieving that it probably reflected the
average sentiment of our people, moct
of whom 'appear to be willing to make
almost any sacrifice to avoid war, but
if the dispatches of this morning are
correct, and Washington Is to permit
tho representative of the United States
at Berlin to leave that cupitol and seek
tho German Emperor on some Prussian
battlefield. In order that some stage
play of that spectacular ruler may be
given the world, the time has come
when every red blooded man ougnt to
enter protest. and declare that the dig
nity of the republic requires a stronner
hand at the helm in the office of the
American Secretary of Slate. The Gov
ernment has made a Just and reason
able demand upon both (lermany and
England, a demand clearly within our
rights in international law. The Amer
ican representatives at both London
and Berlin should require that the an
swers be forthcoming promptly and in
the usual channels. To consider the
"commands" of either German or Eng
lishman at this Juncture, whether wear
ing crown or bearing sword, belittles
both our cause and our country. If the
President and hia Secretary of State
will instruct Gerard to refuse to dis
cuss the question except in the foreign
office of the German Government, we
shall have gone a long distanre toward
restoring our lost pretitlge In the chan
cellories of the world.
STEPHEN A. UIWKI.L
DR. YOl'JiU REFERS TO li:SA;E
Ex-Pastor of Portland Comments ua
Incident In Church Case.
PORTLAND, Feb. 18. (To the Ed
itor.) I notice in The Oreuonisn Feb
ruary 17 a statement untuinln a tel
ecram from the Rev. C T. Wilson con
cerning my testimony given th other
day In the sumewhat famous Taylor-
Street Church" rase. 1 wish that the
friends had cMven you the telegram
sent to Dr. YHhop and I think that the
same may appear In your columns even
now. May 1 hope that you nill he
able to secure It?
I do not tare to enter Into contro
versy in the press concerning this lit
tie misunderstanding ami I io not care
to discuss any phase of this trial at
this time. My testimony was xivfn
under oath and I am willing to ahlilc
by the record, to which I refer tho so
called "insurgents," and especially my
friends in this city.
May 1 add that it is a great pleasure
to be back in Portland, even unlt-r
theue embarrassing circumstances aria
ins out of this church situation.
Wishlug success to The Oreuonias
and peace and prosperity to this "sun
of the Piicilin Coast" and three cheers
for everybody. '
BENJAMIN YOUNG.
I ne of 'Making."
EUGENE, Or.. Feb. 15. (To the Edi
tor.) Some time ago our teacher urged
the use of such expressions as "the ex
periments are making." instead of "the
experiments are being made." He
gave us as his reason that the best
Writers use that form. We have con
fidence in our teacher, but find noth
ing in our text books bearing upon
the point. Some members of the cluss
objected to the use. declaring that ex
periments could not make themselves.
In The Oregonian February 2, on ths
editorial page, I find this: "Four great
motor roads are making." We would
greatly appreciate your reasons for
use of this form.
NELLIE BUCKLEY,
Central School 8 A.
In various senses "making" Is used
intransitively in place of the passive.
Some authorities say the usage ia an
acceptable form of English, rather
obsolete, but occasionally called up.
The Oregonian would not encourage
the form, as certainly the passive can
not be disputed, while the actlva use
Opens the way for doubt, and thereby
impairs the value of It as good Eng
lish. The form Is warranted occasion
ally no doubt for sentential purposes.
Writers employ it now and then for
effect, convenience or diversity, but
certainly not for reneral diction. The
text books usually pass by the sub
ject in order not to confuse the
student's mind. Webster's Interna
tional Dictionary cites "Bolta are mak
ing in this shop" as acceptable, and
therefore "Experiments are making"
and "Four Great Alotor Roads are Mak
ing" are correct, although hardly to
be recommended.
The particular teacher In question
perhaps could explain his use of the
active form In chemiBtry or physics by
reason of the chemical action Involved.
For Instance, experiments more nearly
"make themselvas" than bolts or rouds
do.
Public Places.
AMITY, Or., Feb. 17. (To the Edi
tor.) Will you please tell mo what is
a public place? Is a dtpot or a hotel
a public place? X.
A public place ! one open to com
mon or general use for any or dif
ferent purposes, as for business,
pleasure, religious worship,, gratifica
tion of euriosity, convenience, amuse
ment, etc. A depot or a hotel is a
public place.
Coco as ' Vibration.
Scientific American.
On some German railroads the loco
motive cabs are equipped with cocoa
mats to absorb the vibration, which Is
said to uffect the hearing of the crews.
Twenty-five Year Ago
From The Orogonlan of Krl'ruary 1. I''.10
San Francisco Jack Hempr
knocked out Hilly McCarthy In 2
rounds here last nixhl. McCarthy was
the Australian mhirtleweiKht champion.
Seattle RondhohwTra of the Seiitlle.
Lake Shore & Eastern Railway tym
pany have applied fur an Injunction
against tho delivery ot any mors (
the bonds and stock of that cuiiipnnv
to tho Seattle Eastern Consl ru. t l..n
Company, for the appointment of
receiver and a derreo declaring lh
construction contracts to be fmiiilu
lent and void.
It Is reported that a coal deposit b
been discovered by J. C. Ivl at hl.i
place on the John Day Rlvr.
Tostmaster Rohy his received n let
ter from Mrs. Quurkenbui-h. of niack
River Falls. Wis., nskino; f ir Informa
tion about her son. Kohert QuacUcn
hush. who was in Tortland lr-si Ausust.
W H pewrh, of Wasco, Fhermsn Coun
ty." writes to learn tho whereabouts of
Mrs. Mav Adams, who. he says, can
hear something to her sdvantss bv
wrltlns him.
At a special meeting of the School
Board yesterday. Miss Nellio R. South
worth, of Taronia. formerly of Min
neapolis, wus chosen to fill the vacancy
left by tho roHii:natlon of Miss Barnurn.
of the Atkinwon tvhcol. the will enter
on her duties us teacher of the fourth
grade B class at once.
Colonel Milton WelilW bond In ths
sum of ISB.000. with D. P. Thompson.
Cyrus Dolph. Thomas M. Richardson.
H II. Northuo- nnil George W. W'eM
ler as sureties, has been approved by
the Treasury Department at Washing
ton and he will take chame of his
office as Collector ot Internal Revenue
March 1. lie Iims niario the following
appointments: Cashier and chief di im
ty, A. H. Morgan; deputies for Ore
gon. N S. Pierce, Georso N. Kawcelt
and Nathan Lnngoll. The deputies for
Washington will be: A. A. I'utnsm. of
Tacoma. and John A. Todd, of Spo
kane. His clerk will ho F. M. Wa'ls
worth, of Benton County.
Captain Hunter, or the Stenmsr Eld
er, yesterday presented tn ltcv. C.
Cline. pastor of St. Paul's M. E. Church,
the fine live ele broutht down from
Alaska. Mr. dine Is Correspondent on
Natural history for a number of
Journals In the East,
The board of directors of tho Colum
bia Fire & Marine lnnurame Company
have elected the following oflu-.-rf:
President, Frank Dekuin; vleo-presl-dont,
A. If- Hera-man; secretary and
manager. Peter Outciilt.
Mr. and Mrs. Grover Cleveland will
Join the Central Presbyterian Church
of New York, over which tho l!ev. Wil
ton Me'le Smith. Princeton's famous
baseball pitcher, presides.
When the United Slates Circuii
Court convened yexterday lion. Frnnk
lin Pierce Mays wss presented with M"
commission as Culled Stales Dli-trht
Attorney.
DROI Til - STRICKEN I(.II1 II
When the dark shadows blanket Vsn-
rouver and lh slurry t is peer
throuKh the main.
Their far distant shlinnirrlim clusleis
shedding soft, scarcely visible
II-1H.
The niwhlliawks who erstwhile rt
freighted with bourbon and mil
move hIoiik
111 i-oarch of the thlrM-l'imi. hum
Ionic," and Uil l the dtift "1
their sons:
Mow drv I am. how dry I am.
Nobody knows how dry I am:"
Tho booze Joints H1 once wets their
.Mecca arc duik as the depths ot
the tonili.
The unooth-suifacrd hsis snd ins
glassware nc tlmunlrd In sOFlan
gloom- , ,
Thc men In Hie spi.tlr.-it while ,l;.rVrts
no louder the thirsty hill
With. "What Is It solim I" he. tent""
and sadly the sufferers w;'U
"How di v I am. how drv I sin.
Nobody knows Imw diy I sin''
Tiny drift to the dock n Hie margin of
Columbia's oiitlowina "dc
And uaise o.r lh.- eIiithim-Hii.; weirix
toward the dark i.pposiie eids.
Well knowing the liuhls cf Hie feitv
will pierce Iho ilaik shadows, si"t
soon
Tim looked-for hnotlraner will cirM
Ihem and thr) II nn l.mucr Hur t
II croon:
"How dry 1 am. h"w 1n I am.
Nobody knows how it i -1 nm'.
A life-saver land" from Iho fniy. sol
the (rrip that, he h. his I.-ii I Imli'.
Tl3 freighted with precious cllvlr from
beyond tho drouth's wltheiln
blight.
And the drouth-slrii ken ones quickly
follow to a spot Hull's secluded,
mid soon
They warble with "hie" punctuations In
voices awsv out of tune:
-Wo won't ao home till htc mornine.
W (hie) won't go home till inornliis.
We won't nn home hlc) till tool nl-l-lnc.
lll daylight doth O'l' l appear."
James Bsilon Adams.
Question Is Asked Mr. Kroner.
PORTLAND. Feb. 16 iTo the l-li-
tor )Mr. Kroner's arlhlc was noied In
The orenonlan Kehruaiy 15. I liave
been a reader of The Oieaonii.il for
30 years and have never asked for the
use of the paper before. Hut now I
wish to ask Mr. Kroner through I he
Oregonian this question: If the II, Igiuni
eovernment hnd 4.i'"U.0.iil soldiers fully
equipped would the Kaiser have sent
his army through H. lgluni. admltllug H
was a case of necessity?
was a tuse AMERICAN
i:tlquee.
WARRENTON. Or.. Ken. 13. (To Hie
Editor)! would like very much to
have you give ino a little "tip" on eti
quette Now. a fellow takes a partner
to a danco and along In tho evening you
have a dance with bcr and ths nevt
dance Is ' ladles' choice." Is It etiquette
or not If she flames It with o,,7.
or not ruitpLEXED READER.
It Is etiquette "whichever aha does,
all things else being proper, "ladles'
choice" means Just what It says.
((th American Schools.
n d ci- tvh. 15. (To the Edi-
llAIVUlti .....
tpr ) I w lsb to know something or the
.i.i ..renditions of South Amer
ica, as to what possible opening there
may be for American scnooi ..,,.
Li...iiv inform me whom I
i m In Hrs7.ll. Arsentlns.
STUM... I " ' ' -- - - ,
Chile, rsrsa-uay and Uruguay for ui h
Information?
MISS KAlb ti. HAIW.lt.
Ari.lrrss John Barrett. Director of the
Psn-Amerlcsn Cnlon. Washington. IV I'.
Getting Attention
The first Rrsat question with all
salesmen and all advertisers la to
get respectful attention.
Thsro ia one time and only on In
all a man's wskaful hoiira when he
is all attention and is In an lso
lutelv receptive frame of mind. That
time" is when ho alts dow n to read
his favorite paper or to recreate
with a periodical. .
Hence, the columns of his favorite
paper which ho reads every rlsy
for ha does not recreate with a
periodical so often la tho best place
to set forth tho merils of tho eoods
of which you want Mm to set a
favorabla Impression.