PORTLAND. ORtiiOS.
X.-uered at Portland. Orsxoo. FustoKice
. second-class matter.
Suoscripttva Rates Invariably In advance.
I Sia.IL
Wily. Sunday included, one ar
Is:lv. Sunuay Included, six months
, . . . . i i . ..; . Hr p mf.nl ha ... 2
laiiy. pun-iajr ijiviuuj. -
LiaiiJ. Sunday included. one montn . . .
lia:!--, without Sunday, one yr
lisilv. without Sunday. six months
ta!lv, without Sunday, three montna .
rai!v. without Sunday, ona montn ... .
Weekly, one year
yunciy, one year
Sunday and Weekly, ona year
.75
6-00
3.23
1.75
.eo
1.50
2.50
3.3V
(By carrier.
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-5
Dally. Sunday inciucea, pm
Lratly. SunJsy included, one month
How to Kemlt send rmiui"
.lerprpss order or p.r.on.1 check on your
lwal bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at
a.nder risk, oive poatoffice address in tun,
Inciudmv county and state.
PoMMO Rte-12 to 1 pages. 1 nt;
to pcs. cent.; .".4 to 4 Pss. - nt"i
to to 60 la(p), cents: 62 to '
liAl. '.S lo lO rages. 6 cents. Foreign post.
f -. double rataa.
Eastern Basinpsa Office Veres J-0"'"
3in"--- Tork. Brunswick, bulldins; Chicago,
atttner building.
fan rranetoco Office R. J. Bidwell Com
pany, 743 Market etreet.
KBTLAND. MTl'RD.U, FEB. IS.
noirr ow federal vmupation.
There Is no conflict of policy bej
twen the bill passed by the House at
Salem, g'ving corporations power to
condemn Government as well as State
or private land and the resolution
passed by the Senate, calling a con
ference of Western states to concert
measures for defending their rights
against the Federal encroachment pro
posed by the so-called conservation
bills. Koth Oregon measures contrib
ute to the same general purpose, which
Is to uphold the rights of the states.
The Senate bill is a defensive measure
agamst Federal aggression: the House
bill is an affirmative measure, author
izing the exercise of a state right in
such an effective manner as to render
the biils now before Congress so much
waste paper. The main purpose ot
b?h bills is to sustain the state's con
trol over its waters except where they
enter into intcr.-nae commerce.
The House ill is predicated upon
the fact, often asserted by The Ore
gonian. that the Government, in deal
ing with the public land, acts not as a
governing power, but simply as a land
owner, and that, a-s such, it occupies a
position differing in no way from that
of anv other landowner except as de
fined 'in the several acta of admission.
The states have agreed not to tax Gov
ernment land nor to interfere with its
uNnosal to private parties, but several
judical decisions have been rendered
to the effect that the states are not
v,.. Hoharrerl from condemning
Government land for public purposes
or for the use of public utilities unless
that Hnd is actually put to Govern
mental use. In several instances right
of wav- across Government land has
lren condemned with the sanction of
the courts.
Although the United States rannot
be sued, courts have held that con
demnation proceedings are not a law
suit but are a legislative act of the
fate or county. If a board of county
commissioners should award the Gov
ernment damages in such a pro
ceeding and if the Government should
appeal to the Circuit Court, as pro
vided in the House bill, the proceed
In would become a lawsuit, but the
Government would, by going into
court, waive Ms privilege and . would
then be held to have gone Into court
for all purposes connected with the
controversy.
The position taken by The Orego
nian by Senator Day In the resolu
tions' proposing a V estern conference
and bv Representative W. O. Smith in
the condemnation bill passed by the
House, is admirably ana -torciDiy -cd
in the report of the minority mem
bers of the Senate committee on pub
lic lands on the Ferris water power
bill. This report was signed by Sen
ators Smoot, Works and Clark, of
Wvoming, and Senator Thomas con
curred In its general conclusions. It
affirms and supports by citation or
numerous judicial decisions certain
general principles, which may well be
described as the bill of rights of the
Western states in the water power and
publie land controversy. The are:
The ownership ot f'.e.viiir "1T and the
right to dispose of and to reguia-tp and con.
trol the u-s thereof within th.-.r border.
belong eiuale:y to the Mate, as a part
,.f their sovereign power, subject only In
ose of raviaable streams to 'he power o.
t.ie Federal Government to regulate and pro.
mot- commerce hetween the. stales
s a cons-qufn.-e, the tntteu- States has
no" such itrh!.. c:ther of ownership, regula
tion or ronlroi.
Tha rights of consnmers to the use or tne
Henendent upon state and not
vaeral laws and subject to state regula
tion and control exclusively, unless the use
Is tntprstate.
The Federal Government owns the puo
Pc ".and aa a proprietor only and not in Its
sovereign capacity. "
Tha Federal Government has no power or
Jurisdiction to fee rates or regulate tha usa
or disposition of water within a state.
The power to fix rates or regulate the use
ef water not given to the Federal Govern
ment by the Constitution, cannot he bestowed
by act of tongress as a condition to tue
Iea!r.g or sale of the public lands.
Absolute propertv in and dominion and
aover-Ig.uv over the soils under the t'd
aters in the states are reserved to the sev
eral s.ates. ,
Public tands ow ned by t:ie t nited S.aieJ
are not subject to taxation by th states.
The power of Congress to legislate or ex
ercise, sovereignty over lands within a state
M con lined to lands acquired by the reueral
i;cvernnii:t for certain specific purposes and
with tha consent of the state.
Th. roiinrt sroes on "to say that all
sovereign power is reserved to the
states except '.hat which they uestowea
on the Federal Government by the
toiu-titution and that these ceded
potters do not include "the power to
regulate or coutrol the use of the
waters of streams flowing within a
state except to maintain and regulate
commerce between the states, with
foreign nations and under treaties with
the Indians." The minority continues:
The ownership of land within a state aa
a proprietary owner and rot for govern
mental ues and purposes gives the Federal
iH'vmmeu: no power or jurisdiction to res
irate or contro! tee use of .he waters of a
:r-am on wlrcn the land borders.
Tu-ictore. any legislation atumpting to
est auy c -ch power in tha Government will
.......,.iHitn,.t nml vo'd
The minority proceeds to show that
the Ferris b!!l provides for usurpation
of the sovereiegn powers of the states,
and that this is its avowed intention.
It shows that the powers in question
ere r.ot dormant, but are actually be
ng exercised by the states, and that
the attempted usurpation by the Gov
ernment would result in a conflict of
suthori'.y at many points. Any cor
poration which attempted to develop
power could comply with the Ferris
bill on!;- by violating a state law under
which it might be deprived of the
water. If the corporation complied
with the state law. it would violate the
' Federal law or the terms of its lease
and would risk Ins) of its power and
reservoir sites. The sponsors of the
Ferris bill profess to aim at develop
ment of power, but the fc'il. bv sub
jecting power companies to Federal
mthoritv which conflicts with s'a'e
authority, would rut an absolute veto
on development.
Both the bills before the Oregon
Legislature aim to resist Federal
usui pation. the one by preventing
passage of the Ferris bill, the other
iiv setting the state in motion to oc
cupy the ground which Congress has
been afiked to usurp. Now is the time
for action. Oregon is assured of pow
erful allies in the fight. Senator
Woiks speaks) for California. Senator
Smoot for Utah. Senator Clark for
Wyoming, Senator Thomas for Colo
rado. An extra session of Congress
now seems inevitable, arid an attempt
will surely be made to dxrve the con
servation bills through by the same
methods) which were adopted in sup
port of the ship-purchase bill. It will
be necessary, in order to win the fight
in Congress, to enlist the solid support
of the West and to gain friends in the
East and South. Several Senators
from those sections have shown an
inclination to champion the cause, of
the West, and so strong a case, well
put. should win others. The issues
are now defined, and the time for bat
tle is near. -
PESSIMIST AND OPTIMIST.
The prizes which the Woman's Home
Companion offered for the best defini
tions of "optimist" and pessimist"
were won by a Colorado and Pennsyl
vania woman, respectively. The Colo
rado woman. Mrs. D. McKelvey, de
fined a pessimist as "one who knows
the price of everything and the value
of nothing." Mrs. L. K. Carter, of
Pennsylvania, defined an optimist as
"one who thinks the high cost of liv
ing is worth the price." Kvidently she
meant to say that an optimist is one
who thinks living is worth its high
cost, but no matter about that. Her
idea is fairly clear. Kach of these
definitions has merit, though tney
hardly come up to the old saw which
tells us an optimist is a man who sees
i Hr.,ir-hniit while a Dcssimist sees
nothing but the hole. The popular
mind is usually disposed to cast, ou
loquy upon the pessimist, no matter
how he may happen to be defined. He
is railed at as a "kicker." a "knocker,"
a de.tro' er of real estate values and
an all-round foe to prosperity. No
doubt some, or all. or these naru
names are deserved by him. but still
there is something to be said in his
favor.
We may fairly charge up most or
our financial troubles to the optimists.
rrt it....- timir vinneful energy to
carry them so swiftly on the booming
highway of good times tnai nicy iui-
aii ohmii the nitfalls besetting
their course. Intoxicated with pros
perity, they are buna to me qu6i""
on either hand and the precipice in
front and in due time they begin to
flounder helplessly in the mud of a
panic. A little discreet pessimism ju
diciously applied in the nick of time
might-have saved them a good deal of
difficulty. We dare say the best phil
osophy of lifc would include both op
timism and pessimism artfully mingled.
It Is foolish to dwell all the time on
trouble. It is still more foolish . to
shut one's eyes to the possibility that
trouble may come. True wisdom is not
blind to either chance.
WHEN OANfiER OF WAR IS GREATEST.
One of the most plausible, and at
the same Time most deceptive, argu
ment against bringing our Army and
Navy up to the needs of our National
defense is that, when the war in Ku
rope is over, the great powers will be
so exl usted that none of them will
care to quarrel with the United States
for many years to come. This ida
was thus expressed by Representative
McKoIlar in the House:
It will bo SO years before any fimt-claas
Nation can get ready for another war witn
a first-class Nation like ours. It takes
nonev and resources to carry on a first-ciass
war "Why then, should we get hysterical
now at.d prepare for a war with a boirie
mar., when w-e snow in- ..........
possibly gc Intc war with v in the next
twenty or twenty-five ycara?
Representative Gardner's reply was
to recall that France used the same
argument for the invasion of Mexico
when the North and South were en
gaged in a death struggle, and he said:
Franca found that, instead of being
weaker at the end of-tlie war. the North
was stronger: and you will find that the
winner in this European war is a pretty
husky citiacn when tie geta tnrougn
The winner certainly will be a
-l ,- -iti.; " That nation or group
of nations will have a vettrati army
and navy flushed with victory and
having abundant arms, equipment and
ammunition of the latest type. It will
probably have a big Indemnity from
the losers, which will help to pay its
debts'. It will be confronted with the
problem of finding employment for
vast numbers of discharged soldiers.
Its credit will he good, as that of the
winner always is. The military spirit
will be rampant in victorious nations
and thev will view with mingled con
tempt and greed a rich but ill-defended
nation.
Neutral nations will be in the
greatest danger of aggression during
the first few years after the close of
the present war. for later the victors'
militarv ardor will have had time to
cool and they may have settled down
to business. It was only about four
years after Germany had crushed
France in that she was again
threatening war. Incredible as it may
seem, bellicose nations always find
money .wherew,th to fight, and they
are never so bellicose as when they
have just won victory.
SCHOOL SAVINGS BANKS.
ti, ovs-iiments are not all in favor
of school savings bar.k-. Some thought
ful observers have feared lest they
might make the littled-.es penurious.
Thrift is anacknowledged virtue but,
like many other good things, it can ue
,arried too far.) Few parents would
like to see their children educated to
be misers. But perhaps this objection
Is far fetched. Most children are dis
n ho snendthrifts rather than
...,;t:wis The charms of candy, gum
and liquorice root outweigh the re
mote attractions 01 i;r.m.-iui I'o"'
j n.;- nannioq co fast as they
HI1U or f- ' " .
come. The school savings bank is iike-
Iv to prove a wnoiesome corrective
our National habits of waste. The pu
pil who learns the value and beauty of
economy at school is more than likely
. . -.!,-,. that virtue in his later
to ii ai ..-. .
years. The danger that he will become
too thrifty is probably negngioie m
most cases. Bulletin. 1914. No. 46,
published by the United States De
partment of Education, has collected
some results from the experience of
various schools. They are uniformly
encouraging.
The Bulletin remarks that "it i dif
ficult to teach thrift to men and wo
men who have grown up ignorant of
: .1 . ACC-n,;aio while saving is an
art which may be taught in youth as
readily as geograpny ana annimeui.
.kn..H v,,nA it mirht be taught a
little more readily than those branches
if aopreeiable results are to oe do
tained. The school savings banks at
Augusta, Maine, were founded in 1900.
r, nflrlal renort says of them that
"they have been known to make pos
sible a college education," in some in
TIIE MOIiXIXC OREGOXIAX. SATURDAY. FEBRUARY 13. 1915,
stances. Atlantic City 'also ' reports
.. . . t a : Vianlra riCVO
mat me scnooi savmss
started a number of pupils on a course
through the state normal school. The
ot Hartford
aCUI J UOU U a.. .ww-
says, through Mrs. A. D. Csii. its for
mer principal, mat me sanuss "ijno
have "decreased the, use of cheap
candy" and other hurtful things. Hart
ford reports that a candy store near
the school has closed since the banks
started. Augusta adds that "gum and
candy are sacrificed, while pennies,
:eeth and children are saVed." There
is so much testimony favorable to the
savings banks that the experiment
seoms well worth trying in the public
schools everywhere.
UNXOCK THE STREAMS.
It is said that every timbered
state in the Union except Oregon has
made some provision to encourage the
use of streams for floating logs to
market or tide water. In Oregon there
has been need for some such legisla
tion, but that need has not been press
ing until late years because of abun
dance of timber accessible to deep
water. Conditions are changing. The
timber farther back into the country
is in demand. . But its removal must
await the construction of logging rail
roads, even though the timber may
border a stream that may be made
floatable for logs.
The construction of a logging rail
road is expensive, often too expensive,
for the timber-holders to contemplate.
If there are large tracts held by
wealthy interests in the locality the
latter may ultimately build, but if they
build on private right of way they may
exercise their own will completely in
establishing rates Tor hauling out the
logs of others. These conditions lead
to a tie-up of much valuable timber
land: This explanation is given in
h.imif of TTonse bill 327. introduced
by Mr. Olson, of Alultnomalv Counts'.
In brief the bill extends the right of
eminent domain to corporations or
ganized to build bodms. 0i streams
at present non-floatable a boom com
pany, by improving the stream and
making it useful, would be given the
right to charge fees for Dooming logs.
The fees named in tne Din are mail
mum mi,! ore snhlect to regulation by
the Railroad Commission. On float
able streams channels must be kept
open and acceptance of the serv
ices of th boom company oy maiviu
tials would bo optional.
Although '.his bill is one of the few
ortr.Ktfnr.tive measures nending at Sa
lem, it has been subjected to criticisms
of which the best that can be saia is
tlrjl lhv wr n n i n t elli iren t. The act is
copied verbatim from the Washington
statute with the exception-of one para
graph which relates to utilization o
tide lands. The provision is now prac
tically obsolete In Washington and it
is presumed It would be here. The
law has given satisfaction in Wash
ington and hasi encouraged large de
velopment of timber resources.
It may be that there arc speciric con
ditions existing in Oregon that are not
titnA in Wushinciftii which should be
safeguarded. The author of the bill
hn shown a commendable disposition
to mec every criticism with conces
sions, but this obvious demonstration
r.f lmnestv hns been misinterpreted
wittingly or otherwise, by selfish inter
ests and by those who do not under
stand the measure, as an indication
that it was the original intent to "put
something over."
The bill is a just one: it is a progres
sive one. It ought to pass.
BRYAN'S BREACH OF TRCST.
Tin mnat numtiiiip fact about Sec
retary Bryan's treatment as spoils of
offices V the uomimcjtn cusioiji
service is that it was a breach of
trust committed by one nation against
another; by a great, powerful nation
against a small. weaK nation, oy
nation which had accepted the trust
in confidence in Its superior integrtty
and ability, from a nation which had
confessed its incapacity to manage its
own finances and which confided in
tho great nation's capacity. This is
the light In which the Outlook views
the Bryan letter to Walter W. Vlok,
and its review of the events which
brought about the trusteeship proves
thic tc lio the true liht.
San Domingo's customs revenue was
the plunder for which grasping citi-
.. r. t. rtf that Y-Omi hlin started revolu
tions. The money was stolen by the
revolutionary leaders wnne tne "n
tin'. HoKtct went "nnnaid. European
nations said that, -if the United States
would not let them collect tne dems,
t. .hnni G tbnt the lebts were paid.
In 1905 President Morales, of San
Domingo, asked the I'm tea atates to
nViaiMTA of tbn customs collections
and this Nation accepted the trust. It
sent Professor .Hollander, wnoae pon-
....A iinlrnnwn to nrpDara a plan:
&. i m 1
it then sent Colonel Colton, a Repub
lican to organize tne cuiom ot.
and 'it finally sent Mr. Pulliam, a
Democrat, as general receiver of cus
toms. Mr. Pulliam remaineu unm an.
n VAmm,ttH him nnrl flnDOlnted
Mr". V'ick. Mr. Pulliam faithfully ad
ministered the trust. Tne o per cent
of the customs revenue paid to the
nnn.in irnvprnment exceeded in
amount the total receipts which the
republic had formerly conecieu auu
the other 56 per cent was steadily re
ducing the debt. There were no revo
lutions, because the plunder was be
yond the reach of the revolutionists.
The Outlook emphasizes the fact
that the receiver was discharging a
trust in the name or tne united suura
on behalf of San Domingo, that the
salaries were paid with the money of
that'eountry and then says:
tt is this money belonging: to the people
of"a foreign nation that Mr. Bryan w-anta
paid to -deserving Democrats" as sun a Die
-ew-arda tor political nui a.
States cn behalf of Mr. Bryan's party.
Referring' to the successful working
r h. T-ecelvershlo under Mr. Pulliam,
the Outlook says: "Every American
citizen who knew about this and cared
for the honor of his country was proua
..., tha T-nited States had done,"
but "every such plan depends upon
the honor of mose wno auminii.ci n.
,1.1... int,tm0nt nninst Mr Brvan is
iiie .' - -
summed up in these simple, forceful
terms:
The one supreme obligation of a trustee
Is that ho should act with regard to the
interest of no one but his wards. If he
purposes to use his trusteeship to benefit
himself or someone besides himself at the
cost of'hia wards, lie can be excused on no
ground whatsoever.
If therefore, the United States cannot be
trusted to act as trustee for a little Nation
like the Dominican Republic it haa for
feited the respect of otfcer Nations, and It
ce-tainlv can have no self-respect. And any
public man who causes the fnlted States to
betray such a trust is inflicting upon his
countrv an injury that is greater than any
loss of wealth or military prowess, as the
loss of the soul is greater than the loss of
thTlie"iSecretary of State represents tha
United States in its relation to foreign gov
ernments, and therefore in ita relation to the
Dominican Republic. He represent the
honor of h!a country., its dignity. ita power.
The Outlook then invites the reader
to read again Mr. Bryan's letter to
Receiver Vlck. who was administering
this trust, in which the Secretary says:
Can you let ma know what position you
havo at jronr disposal with which to -reward
deserving Democrata?
Yon have had enough experience In pol
itics to know how valuable workers aro
when t-ha campaign la on, ana now uin. ......
It la to find suitable rewards for all tho de
setving. Let me know what la required, together
with the salary.
Mr. Bryan was proud of this letter.
The ronseouences of what is called
"this perversion of trusteeship" have
.... . c . 1 -Tied
been that tne receipts iur ui
vr of the nresent Administration
were over $500,000 less than for the
preceding year, while the expenses in
creased from $153,000 to $177,000.
The Outlook concludes by saying:
The ultimate responsibility for this state
of affairs does not rest with Mr. Bryan. It
rests with the captain of the team ot
which Mr. Bryan is only a member. It reata
with President Wilson.
Mr. Bryan says he has a long ac
count to settle with his newspaper
critics. He had better begin sealing
It, for it daily grows longer and will
continue to grow until the stain he
has put on the good name of his
country has been removed.
"The boy must be trained in school
for his calling since the home cannot
do it and the apprenticeship system
is gone." So Superintendent Alder
man told his teachers at their semi
annual meeting, and truer words were
never spoken. If the schools fail to
train him he will go through life un
trained a helpless "unskilled worker,"
half the time without a job.
The improvement in the Portland
public schools during the last twelve
months is noteworthy. The studies
have been strengthened, the teachers
have been freed from a number of
wasteful Impositions and a general
spirit of earnest work has been
aroused. Superintendent Alderman
believes in progress and understands
how to accompiisn it.
No good reason can be assigned why
women teachers shouia oe paia ie.-.
than men if they do the same work
equally well. To under pay went '
plain Injustice for wmcn tne orunmii
excuses are puerile. Women, like men,
should be paid for the, work they do.
A bachelor is not penalized dkhusc m
supports no family. Why penalize a
woman?
it haa heen decided by the British
government to let the men at the front
have all the news, just at mm kii
there is no war news worth dispens
ing and. no doubt, by the time things
open up again the order will be
rescinded.
The action of the Centralia Labor
Council in appointing, fifty members
tr. aM the ritv in resisting a tnrcat-
enyl I. W. AV. invasion shows how or
ganized labor feels on the subject. The
fifty will not bo weaklings dj cm
means.
Government will continue print-inn-
corner cards on stamped
envelopes, tne suiissLiii m
master-General carrying more weight
.... ... 4 1. n ru nf
envelopes, the suggestion of the Post
than petitions
printers.
Washington nroDOses a postpone
ment of the Wilhelmlna. affair, instead
of demanding speedy settlement. 11
conditions were reversed, docs anybody
imagine Great Britain would be sug
gesting? The Washington'Legislature had a
holiday, celebration and adjourned
over until Monday, while the Oregon
Legislature kept right on the job in
an attempt to make up for lost time.
But if we had an army and navy
commensurate with our material
greatness many of these insults and
privations would not De neapea upui.
us by the several belligerents.
The man who needs to spend $1005
a year for clothes, as the merchant
tailors assembled in Chicago assert is
necessary, cannot have time for much
else than lightning changes.
Alleged plotters in California have
"thrown" a tremendous scare in the
Eastern Canucks, almost fierce enough
to justify putting the railroads in the
cellar over night.
British ships that appropriate flags
of other nations will run unmolested
until they sneak In under Swiss colora
Then look out, for the Swiss are
fighters. .
And $250 is set down as the amount
required for a woman's annual dress
bill. That wouldn't buy hats and
gloves for some iwe know of.
The American Minister at The
Hague reports that his mail is tam
pered with by the Germans. More
fruits of a spineless foreign policy.
Up in Linn County a divorced hus
band who is. trying to bring reconcilia
tion is charged by the woman with
Insanity, and it does look like it.
The plan of sprinkling the lawn this
year contemplates use of water on al
ternate days as tried late last Sum
mer and found effective.
. ..inr tn'one social expert, a
man must spend at least $1005 yearly
for dress. Most or us uvo u i
than that.
Nevada legislators are seeking to
restore the easy divorce. In order to
revive one of Nevada's principal in
dustries. The British merchantman now flies
the American flag when safety is
,o.h Wow times and things .do
change.
The report that City Superintendent
of Schools Alderman win oe retainer
should bring general approval.
Ti tc anil Tvan will welcome
sv,.A.n" the Portugee in the fight
with Johann.
- - : :
in., xviiheimlna has been seized
t- oil riirht. John. We were only
funning. .
'
ci... trarnine sent Germany and
r-.t Britain. My. how they must
tremble.
Th. Spanish Minister has been or
.rt nut of Mexico: Our turn will
come.
The little submarines are the Ions
range eyes of Germany.
Next New Tear's
epoch-making date.
dav will be an
Samoa is the storm center
earth.
of the
The fans are talklnr ball again.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonian, February 13, 1868.
"Ho that is not with us is against
us" may be truly said in tbe present
crisis of our state. There can be no
debatable ground, no neutrality, no
nmltlnn tn aociitiv rVt t h A. flUgRtiOn Of
the disunion of the United States, save
yes or no, ana tne assurance oi yen,
while ever)- act speaks no is worse than
eauivocation: it is the most barefaced
falsehood. . . . It is no question of
peace or war. for the war must now go
Tho nniv isiip i. iiliflK it drasr for
l-year to increase debt and misery North
and South beyona ail compuianon anu
power to pay, or snail tue loyai masses
of theTreople unite to end it at once?
One hundred clerks are detailed
every night from the War Department
Tn-fi at Washington, for truard duty
since the incendiary alarms. They are
exempt from desk work the next day.
We are told by Mr. West, of Wells
Fargo & Co.'s Express, of a rich quartz
ledge or ledges discovered on the farm
of Colonel Fulton, on Ten Mile Creek,
near Celilo.
Miss M. Smith, lately arrived from
the East., will be happy to call at the
private residences of families of Port
land 40 dress ladies' and children's hair
in all the latest styles. All orders left
at Parrish & Holman s Intelligence Of
fice will be promptly attended to.
' Plans are being shaped for the cele
bration of Washington's birthday at
Turn Verein Hall Wednesday evening.
February 22. The following are on the
honorary "committee: Governor A. C.
Gibbs. Adjutant-General C. A. Reed.
Brigadier-General Stephen Coffin. Col
onel John McCraUen. Mayor P. Wasser
man, Jaco"b Stitzel. H. C. Coulson. A. B.
Richardson, Joseph Buchtel and A. M.
Starr. The committee of arrangements
consists of J. M. Caywood, W. G-. Mac
kay, Kdward V. Albright. A. R. Du
fresne. L. C. Hcnriehsen. C. C. Philips
and James Bothwell. The floor man-
iierers are: William loung, James Aic-
Grath. C. C. Philips and James Both-
well. Tickets including supper win
cost $5. Military officers are request
ed to appear in full unltorm.
Bouclcault's great sensation "The
Octoroon." was produced at the Wil
lamette Theater Saturday evening.
The telegraph wires sre down be
yond Roseburg in this state, and as a
result there Is little or no telegraphic
news available.
We learn from men who have lately
visited the mouth of the Columbia that
tvia fnrtlficatinnn are ranidlv being
placed. At Cnpe Disappointment four
of tho big guns have been mounted.
a. c.uai.u lha proof hflmh-nmnf
magazine has been completed. Captain!
Gordon and Lieutenant Yard have Im
mediate charge. Combined, the forts
will mount more than 30 guns.
Notice has been issued ot the first
annual meeting of the Library Associa
tion of Portland. W. S. Ladd Is presi
dent: Willlnm Strong, vice-president;
B. Goldsmith, treasurer, and W. S.
Caldwell. recording secretary, who,
with tiie following. constitute the
board of directors: P. C. Schuyler, Jr.,
icnaries taii'i, r.. 1. .-jnauucn, n.
Oorbctt. C. 11. Lewis and L. H. Wake
U. Th. nGunMotinn has Ttlirchasp
Charles C.-llof. K. D. Shattuclc. H. W.
field
The association
has purchased
about
1500 books.
C. trsaai:rr has railed St
meetintr of'tlle Fenian Brotherhood for
this evening.
XEtTRVLITV ADVICK HKI.D t GOOD
The orP(tonlaosi Stnnd In Matters; of
ar ietved as Helpful.
PORTLAND. Feb. 11. (To the Kd-
l Ar-,...inrr hoMrtilv With Df.
Dammasch that in your editorial in The
Oregonian February 9 you touch a
'vital issue at this time I also main
tain that American citizens should be
,..iii., n.ntrnl t'mm tile readinsr of
the" doctor's article I would take hiin to
be a very fair sample or tne msiuuB
.... . ft n 11 sn,l
that wnicn is west, m ucimau .m ...
character," a genuine German-American,
and I trust he will not readily un
oh.h his lance should he see my hum
ble criticism on his view 'of neutrality
at the present time on tne pari 01 tne
United States 01 America. 11c n vn"
wtrfinit it is for a person who
loves peace to stand Idly by when there
is brawling and fighting going on in
a community especially when your own
kin is involved therein, me wuuio
world now is practically a community.
The temptation to interfere in such
eases generally results in the enmity
h,.th combatants to the
would-be peacemaker, each concluding
UL UlIC W " w
that if left alone the otner wou:u u.
been forced to submission. Prudence
" . .v. ..k nf much natlence
and common sense on the part of Amer
ican citizens at tnis time, uui iii.
being peculiar, one may almost say
providential just now. We are in posi
tion in a large measure to replace the
foolish if not criminal waste resuitins
from the present war in Europe. Can
any reason otner mail "''",, "T'
one be given wny we ..vu.u '
the imperative demand for food and
., m.mifsrtured material?
raw, ui ewe, .
Sentiment and business do not usual.y
pull even when yoaeo up io6..
doctor's remark in his letter about Our
ril V.i u will bear this out
Our National executives as well as all
American citizens can wen vi w
heed the excellent advice conta.ned .n
The Oregonian from time to time, and
in a measure pattern after the man of
patience whose name we vh--'-"j
honoring at this time. Many Persns
...o will remember the critical
state of affairs faced by the Adminis
tration over a nan century b '
Mason and Slldel-San Jacinto-Trent af-
.: an4 Vinisr Pi) 4 iiv noDular clamor
might have precipitated affairs so that
our Nation wouia oe nu.
dav fnom what it is, and possibly be in
something ot 1110 "'" "
instead. It may strike tne average
reader as a cold-Dlooaea 1 emnj-n. iu j
this "vital issue' to use 1 a w
solved only according to the Kilkenny
cats legend, and In the meantime we
can fall in line with the sentiment con
tained in Lincoln s maicme&s
, aaetiaSTA somewhat the
miseries resulting from this senseless
war. rr.11 iv
Great Peace Prayer Day Propesrd.
PORTLAND. Feb. 11. To the Editor:
.... . 1 T3l.l.n nf fhA ITnitpd
I.et US asK tne
States to set aside, a day that we can
unite in one universal prayer for peace
to all the warring natiuun. mi
the rulers of the different nations to
observe this day. Let It De neraiaea
abroad by ev-ory known means to pro
claim the hour tnis prayer is
offered.
We celebrate Christmas as the birth
day of Christ.
Let this day go aown in nisiuu
the day of the birth of Peace.
Ask that all the sildiers in the fields,
the widows, the orphans and the home
less to Join In this, no difference where
it finds us or them. Let It circle the
earth. MRS. MART PATRIK.
Moving Picture Osrators.
divtov nr Feb. 11. (To the
Editor.) Are moving-picture operators
required to have licenses to operate in
Portland or any other city?
viAaD. o-ivp me the names of several
newspapers in San Francisco. C. M.
No license is requred of mechanical
operators for moving picture machines
In Portland. The theater! pay a license.
Make Inquiries of the officials at the
other eitlea In which you are in
terested, The Chrenlcle, the Call, the Bulletin
and the Examiner, San, Francisco.
StPPORTIG THE MEDICAL SCHOOU
Way Net Vae Pmrt Mlllaice Tax 1
rome f A ska H. C. Smith.
PORTLAND, Feb. 11. To the Editor:
Why not support the medical depart
ment of the University of Oregon front
the mlllage tax Income provided by the
1913 Leglalature for that Institution.'
Consideration of tbe facts would Indi
cate that this can be done without in
juring the university work. For in
stance, on the basis of last year's en
rollment at Eugene of regular students,
the Income for the year 1915-16 under
the mil'age tax law would amount to
about $410 a year for each student. On
this calculation. Summer school and
special music students who pay their
own way are not included. This is
larger by $30 a student than expended
by the University of Iowa, notwltn
(standing the fact .that Iowa s a wealthy
- PPU ouS state
lih.-ollv for it pflurntional work with
out any burden to the people. If $50,
000 a year from the mlllage tax Income
for tho University or uregon were
rtv.r to thn medical School, the
amount still left for the work at Eu
gene would be aoout oo a stuaent.
Just a little less than the cost In Iowa.
That the work can be done and done
efficiently on this amount, or even a
smaller amount, is further apparent
from the fact that according to the sta
(lDi;.. .vutlahlii thA cost ner student
at the Oregon Agricultural College on
the same Dasis as tor tue university
(1. e., exclusive of Summer and short
course and special muslo students!, is
tess than $220 a student a year,- only
about two-thirds of what the university
enhnnl . n rt lh PnllpUM f llH hPrmnrS
has the reputation of doing good work
and Its tecnnica'i wora is 01 a very
expensive type.
The present cry In Oregon is for
"economy." As a matter of fairnoss-and
justice in doing the right thing and the
best thing for the state, instead ot
making the medical school carry the
entire load by cutting off Its appro
priation (which some of the university
friends would seem to be advocating!.
why not divide the support, giving the
university for the work at Kugeno wnst
it actually needs, even with a liberal
additional allowance, and at tho same
time from the millage tax Income give
the medical school at Portland the nec
essary GUDDort in order thst it can
nronerlv do ita work. Even $73,000 in
stead of $50,000 a year, as above sug
gested, of the university Income under
the millage tax law. could by the L,cc-
lulutiirp hn tnrnpn nvpr to the medical
school and still the university would
have all the money it really needs and
the medical school would be financed
anri nronerlv cared for. And all this
without a dollar's additional burden to
the taxpayers. II. C. SMITH.
SMOKING IX CAFES PROTESTED
ltradrr San Healta Board Haa Duty to
Perform In Endlaa; "Mulaaaecv
PORTLAND. Feb. 11. (To the Ed
itor.) 1 beg to call your attention to
a habit which is In vogue here and in
nlhpr cities Kmokinfi- in restaurants
and other places where edibles are con
sumed and sold. I am a smoker myseii
yet 1 find it extremely disagreeable to
havA thn fumes from i-ifrarg. nines and
cigarettes blending with my meals. 1
had my nreaaiast entirety spoueu oy
niar.lt. Bit.nko thip mnrnlnil and I
hav. munv times haH luiiloa remark the
same has happened to them.
We have ordinances against smoaing
n ctrptcara in nuhllc offlcpa and
various other places where the smoks
can be dispelled by the ouisitie air. yet
tm lnnlcea unon hh a nuisance. How
much worse is it when In a closod room j
where there is no chance for it to es
cape and where it permeates the at
mosphere to the disgust even of some
smokers. How much mors disagreeable
it must be to ladies and non-smokers.
I am not blaming the different pro
prietors of restauftints. as a rulo made
by any one of them against smoking
and disregarded by others would prob
ably cause loss of trade, but I cannot
see why the City Commission or the
Board of Health cannot make a ruling
that such a thing as chewing and
smoking tobacco should be prohlbitea
In places where edibles are sold or con
sumed. Expectorating In public places
and on the sidewalks Is prohibited.
Why not Include smoking In res
taurants and grills except In specially
set aside rooms? 1 cannot set any
hardship in an ordinance of this kind.
It surelv is no harder to wait until one
leaves the restaurant than it Is to s:t
in a theater or church for one to two
hours without the craving for a smoke
overpcAvering one's respect for the
rights of others and common polite
ness. One sees men finish their meals
and at once, without regard to the feel
ings of other occupants of the place,
take out their pipe, cigar and even cig
arettes and proceed to make the air
redolent with the tutnes 01 louaccu.
Why ts it permitted?
Is there any way to get this matter
taken up?. Why do you suppose It has
never been mooted by any of the health
officials? They seem to be very keen
after little infractions against their
rules, but so far have only seen fit to
go after the public conveyances. 1
trust they will promulgate this rule
against smoking in restaurants, as it is
far more disagreeable than in any
other place. FAIR PLAV.
Copyrighting; Music.
CORNELIUS, Or.. Feb. 10. (To the
Editor.) 1 wish to copyright, at once
a song, words and music. May I deal
directly wtth the Commissioner of
Patents and what fee should I send
with the copy of my music? Pleasa
norsrme scRiERr
Inquire of your Postmaster for copy
right blanks and additional Informa
tion. Consult with a music dealer of
your city as to reliable music publish
ers. There are many. The dealer can
advise you the best firms to deal with
when he knows the nature of your
composition or song.
TO A FRIE.XD.
Jly world is full of gladness.
For I am a meadow-lark;
And all I know of sadness
Is your weeping in the dark.
How sott the waters flow
To quench the clover's thirst.
Ah. might they only Know
To ease thy heartache first!
Ten million golden rays st morn
Arouse me from my bed;
With these I'd graciously adorn
Thy more than- hallowed head.
LAVINAK. GALLIGAX.
DufurT Or. '
Pay of Representatives.
MERRILL, Or.. Feb. 10. (To tha
Editor.) When was the salary of Rep
resentatives in Congress Increased to
17500' A READER.
At
term,
the last Congress of Mr. Taft's
Ko
wncifiAvf Wash.. Feb. II. (To the
Editor.) Please informe me through
t.. i,1rnr,3 nf The Oregonian if a sta-
linmrv pna-incer must have a license
in Portland? INQCIREIt.
Bit of Telephone Goaalp.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
"Griddles is a queer fellow!" What's
the latest manifestation?" "Why. he
sent a two-dollar long distance tele
phone call to save an hours' time, and
then squabbled for two hours over pay
ing the cent stamp tax on It."
incident la tae "Movie" Crasr.
Buffalo (N. T.) Express.
"How was tha eufalne?" "We didn't
go there. We went to the Hazelnut;
the pictures are better."
Twenty-five Year Ago
From The Oregonian, Feb. IS. 1S0.
Washington Solicitor W. r. HP-
burn, of the Treasury, has addressed
ipttpp to It L M.'Arthlir. I nited
States Attorney at Portland, or.. In ref-
.. .... k. 1 1 , i,nw npndlnc
brought by the I'nlted HtatPa against
the Gardner Mill Company for tha ra
ment of .329.Ot)0 feot of timber out bv
vt- V .Ipwptt and Joupnh Knowland
and others from public landg In Ore
gon. Inspectors pave been at wot a aim
have found that the Gardner Mill Com
pany was an Innocent pumhaaer. Tha
mill company offera to oomprom'.Bp
with the Government by ping
"ua t Thia ta relpcted. tha Commis
sioner maintaining the timber la north
0 cents a thousaitd.
i..i fhnmhrpatt. of Portland, the fa-
moug scout and guide, lias been grant
ed a pension. He was witn G.-nerai
Howard In the iregon Indian war r
1878 and gave valuable service to tne
Government.
Washington Senator Mitchell h
introduced a bill to pay lion. William
A. Starkweather, of Portland. $iMSfor
money paid a clerk when KIsrkweMher
was Register of tne una ou'
Oregon City.
.T. I Lowe, special land agent for
the Government. Is in Astoria, (impel l
ing swamp land In that vicinity.
San Francisco -Pete McCoy won a
slx-rouivi bout vrlth Charlie C.lcaaon at
.1.. r.i.n i;ut Athletic Club Inst
night. McCoy finished Gloasou In a de
cisive way. Both are uiioaien cinni.
John McAuliffe referced.
Dr. Hunter Wells h written a .Ip
scriptive letter from Vienna, ir wlm It
he says that city is Ibo grandest capi
tal In all Europe.
Georgian Newbury and Charles Cn
roy, both of this city, wcra married
bv Father Flcrens yesterdav. E. "
Freeman's home, 31 Columbia street,
was the scene of the weildtn- of
Ephraim Dempsle. of Spokane Kail-,
and Maria A. Eaton, of Portland, yes
terday. Rev. Warren H. Landon offi
ciated. Mrs. Eva riathbtin. a visitor hera.
lost a $300 diamond ring while near
Stark and First rtreets In a boat dur
ing the flood. Henry Froldleln. a com
mercial man, found it yesterday !
Stark street near Hie. rntrunco to the
Union block. He found Mrs. tlathbun s
address and returned it to her. declin
ing to accept a reward.
Tha Calvary Presbyterian Church
(Dr. Landon. pastor) will be dedicated
Sunday, the balance of tho debt hav
ing been provided for. Kev. Dr. Camp
bell, lately of Minneapolis, w ill preach.
Mrs S. A MorclHnd has received
word that her daughter. Mrs. llori
Thlelsen. who has been visiting in New
York, was severely Injured nhilo coast
ing near Uke George.
At the Had f Trauale.
Life.
"At last I am at th. end -t my I"""
bles." exclaimed tho Optimist. " hlcit
end?" asked tho Pessimist, gloomily.
Special Features in
THE SUNDAY
OREGONIAN
Military Map of Great Britain.
In view of recent aerial and
naval attacks on the Knjjli.h Coast,
a German military map of Great
Britain and Ireland, to be published
tomorrow, will be of particular in
terest. Thin map, which will oc
cupy a double page, ithows all rail
roads, steamship lines, submarine
cables, fortified towns, - rivers,
canals, lightships, rocks and forts.
Panama Fair to Open.
This article, illustrated with beau
tiful pictures, describes the (treat
Panama-Pacific Exposition, as it
now is, ready to throw open its
doors to tho world on February 20.
Arch of the Rising Sun.
A full pace in colors of the won
derful triumphal arch at the main
entrance to the exposition. A beau
tiful study in sculpture and archi
tecture. Soil Repair in Willamette Valley.
Lessors drawn from the history
of farming in Western Oregon,
from earliest pioneer days to the
present. This is the first of two
illustrated articles tracing the de
velopment of agriculture.
Lincoln's Last llirthdav.
Interesting sidelights on the life
of the great American as shown by
the way he spent hi last birthday.
He was more hopeful of peace then
than at any other time in the Civil
War.
How to Dance the Maxixr.
Whether you pronounce it macks,
maxessc, mattcheche or mattsrhs
che you will be interested in read
ing just how it is danced by the
Castles as told by themselves. All
of the steps illustrated.
Another Penrod Story.
"A Boy in the Air" is the title
of this week's Penrod story, by
Booth Tarkington. These arc the
greatest boy stories ever written.
No matter what your age, you can
not afford to miss them.
This Week's Sermon.
Another sermon in the series con
tributed, by prominent Portland
clergymen. Dr. Luther R. Dyott,
pastor of the First Congregational
Church, is the writer.
Exploits of Elaine.
The third installment of this
great detective serial by Arthur B.
Reeve, creator of Craig Kennedy,
is as absorbing as the chapters al
ready published. A thrilling novel
that has been dramatized for mo
tion pictures.
Other Features..
Doc Yak, Polly and the other
popular comics.
A page of latest war pictures.
News events in all parts f the
world caught by photographer.
Oregon, in retrospect. Another
interesting picture of Portland in
the early days.
A half page of stories and pic
tures for youthful readers.
Dolly Dip's Washington's Birth
day. Latest fashion news, illustrated.
And many others.
Order Today.
s-