Mt 9wsmtmt
. 1"URTIM', OREtiOX.
Entered ot Portland. Oregon. PosloffUe a
. sccond-ciass matter.
Bub-r!pt!on Kates Invariably In advance
, (By Hail.)
railv. Sunday Included, one year - -
1-ailV Suniiav m.-Iuded. six months
l-nil-. Sun. lav included, three months
1-ail-. Su-dai included, one month .
Daili-. without Sunday, one year
iafiv, without Sunday, six months .
al-ntl-. i-lt'io'-t Miiiilay. three montus
$.ou
It-'5
.,j
w
ii
'.60
59
l-ni;i. witli.-ut Sunday, one montn
aWekly, one year
Kundsv. one year
-unuay and Weekly, one year
(By Carrier.)
T-aily. Sunday included, one. yea'r
1.50
'so
oo
..?9
any, aunj3 mtiuutu. vuo .....
: lfosr to Remit Send postomce Dn
?-r. pre order or p0"' lre at
local bank, stamp?, con; w J , i,,Ti
-.. Itr s risk. Give nosloffire address In lull
"'
II. eluding county anu sive.
.. ... . . .t . . l rent
a-osiaate nam i- w -" . - --- --
to :!- ;(! S cents: ::4 to S pal-s. cents
f,o to So paa.-s. 4 cent"; 02 toi pages .
cents: fx to vs rages. 8 cents. Foreign post
Jxe. doubto rate.
. a.- u.inM Office Veree Conk
traroriB!Su".,.U"MSIng: chfco:
r..i!.ihic-
Vri'nziT hulldtllE:.
ian Francisco Office B. J
panv, 74a Market street.
Bidwell Com-
" . . ....
j-ORTXAND, TCESDAY. I EBRtARY . I9i
BF. SIMPLY AVMCRICANS.
The one point on which the policj
r President Wilson has the undivia
ed support of Americans without re
rt unnort of Americans nitnout re-
ed support oi .
gard to party is his preservation or
,;!,.. jn tue nresent War. Any
ncutraiitv in me P"11" ' - I
bodv of men which attempts to make 1
. .... .i: .. .1 I
nnl tlral uvue Ot IIS alien nu i
Boouentlv anti-American sentiments
a----- .
will find that it haa playea wun a.
tno-cJsod sword. Its weapon will
recoil upon it and will provoke open
enmity to the nation it has sought to
serve.
This is true not only of German
Americans but of those men of Brit
ish French or Russian descent who
have urged that this country should
take up the cause of the anti-Teuton
Hies. Such mm speak not as Amer
icans but as Britons, Frenchmen or
lUissii-ns. and their sympathy with I
their native land has blinded them
.. ih.i. dun- in their adopted land.
These remarks are apropos to the
resolutions adopted nt a conference
of German-Americans to organise a
society for the purpose of promoting
what thev term a "genuine neutrality.''
What thev -wish is a plain breach of
neutrality. They ask Congress to pro
hibit the export of arms and muni
tions of war. Such a prohibition
mould operate to the decided advan
tage of Germany and of her allies and
to the serious disadvantage of her
enemies. They also "demand a free
and open sea for the commerce of the
United States and unrestricted traffic
In non-contraband goods as defmed
bv international law." These de
mands simply mean that we should
ignore the naval supremacy fairly won
bv Britain and her allies in open war
and that we should deprive them of
the advantage they have thereby
gained. The German-Americans make
ilicfc demands in the name of what
thev call "genuine neutrality." but by
granting them our Government would
violate neutrality, would favor Ger
m.inv at the expense of the allies
and 'mil-roil this Nation in the war.
Only a G e r m a n who places
-Teulscl-hind uber alles" (Germany
above all! can ask such a thing.
There is no room in this country for
a. man who places Germany or Kng
Imid or any other country above all.
the United States being included In
that "all." If he cannot place the
United States above all, he cannot be
a loyal American and should return
whence he came.
; These German-Americans do not
Btop at unreasonable demands: they
make threats. After having placed
German interests above American in
terests, they assume them to be
American interests and adopt this
resolution:
We pledge ours-I-e.. individually n.l col-lc-tl-iclv
to support only sui-h candidates for
public office. Irreepectlve .f party, who will
place American Interests .iboc those of any
oilier ceuntrv and who will ;d in ellmlnat
ina all undue foreign influences from official
lire.
' If they were to put these senti
ments iiilo practice literally, they
would oppose that which they have
proposed, would dissolve their league
and would aid in eliminating hyphen
ated Americanism in "U ils forms.
Jiut this resolution must ho read In
connection with the olhers to which
we have referred. It means that they
are pledged to use, in the interest of
Germany ami a:;ainst the interest of
the United States, the votes which
they arc allow cn to cc -
Americans. It means tniu a. iorcigii
party is to be organized in the United
States, which will oppose any Ameri
can party which places American in
terests tirst.
It is t- b- expected that men will
pxpress individual sympathy with one
oiii.
ii--
nariv or the other t the war
ii c
.-ire all free to do that, whether for-cicn-t-orn
or native-born. It is the
custom of Americans to discuss and
form opinion.-, on events of world-wide
j ...i.i iiin- could not avoid
form ins opinions on an event of such
stupendous magnitude as ine present
vr. Men of foreign birth naturally
.- .t ...... ... M.ilie witl-i theirialive
ici i a. uit
-iintrv. If tiicy di-l not. doubt wouur
.i-isily arise as to their loyalty to the
United Suites, for they would seem
to lack the capacity for patriotism.
Hut when they enrieavor. by organized
effort, to put their .-eutiments in prac
tical effect by influencing the poljcy of
this Nation in favor of any belliger
ent without regard to its own intcr-..-.ts.
they have exceeded permissible
limits and have become disloyal
Americans.
In contrast
isi w it n tne iiioi --iiii-iii i
with the movement
il r-t.-.l
bv representative Bartholin I
,.i hiv followers. The orcsonian com
mends the stand taken by Professor
Nnno Urancke. head of the German
j-tisetim at Harvard, in a letter to
Mr. Fiartlioldl declining to attend the
conference at which the spurious neu
trality propaganda wa launched. lie
a u launched. II
the righteousness of
e- and will express
fully believe-
the German cause and will "Press
publicly l is fervent hope for lrman
v:ctr. but. he says:
Mv lierman sympathies cannot make me
forcet hat seem to me my duties as an
Am -rican citia- n. I believe it would be
saieKt mv duties as an American cltlaen
-f I vere to take part in a propaganda the
P irpo?e el- win.-!: will be thoucht to be to
r,.n-e our C-i ernn-.etu into a hostile attitude
t."rard Ft'gisnd.
Professor Krancke points out that
nn embargo i-n exports of arms would
cisily l-e t-vaded and then says:
W hat I do wish to emphasize is that the
ei lat-: el' m Ml or uc;i an rmu.iiiu wuum m-e-ila.-lv
t-ili- ou liovernmcnt into conflict
vM'i T'.nrlsn-i. and inicht drive us Into war
i'nd SST,riUi to drain o..c vast historic battle-
l;th r.i-.j;'and. As a man or (ifrmin nioou
I mlcht welcome the hc!p which would ae-.-cuv
to Ofnnniy by sue!- a conflict between
ti e United Slates and Knciand. P.ut as an
in"riiaii cltisen I cannot possibly support
a polh y which would irins the terrors of
-ar to our own country, what t feel bound
to support, as an American cms.
,.ei cv which hoi. is Itself strictly within the I
. . i rtr tuiniltiv altiioueh. I
American ciiiscn.
:nv -crci. iiiio i-t'4.i., -
tne'lteaItes'nildeones figure in the war news of to-
I control, 'practically turns out to the ad
vantage of Kngiand and to the detriment or
Germany.
The professor denies that there is
any discrimination against citizens of
German descent, though he admits the
existence of "a strong anti-German
feeling at the present moment." He
says that "insistence on racial con-
trasts and demands would do iatat 10
11 I . 1- AAmmnnlt' flnH
I OUT StailUlllg ill 11113 Luiui"""".'
urces his compatriots to maive icu
ivhnr ! hotr in German life and char-
actor." If people of German descent
w -m Minu- hi advice, they will real-
ize what has always been true that
Americans hold in the highest esteem
the sterling qualities of the German
" character, wnaiever iney may uuii
viieiiiuLcL, niimciu. iw
of the official acts or liermaoy ana ui
her rulers. That esteem will survive
lony after the contentions growing out
jglor the war have mea out
tOK THE BILK OF REASON.
TVi otiltnrto nf thf ultra-drvs IS
thus frankly expressed by the zealot
M r M I n n v il I c TeleDhone-Register,
ground on prohibition and -the state
must be, or ought to be, one thing or
tho oth and that the original Com
mittee of One Hundred bill was
neither fish, flesh nor good red her-
ring
I ISlKr II11IIH UIBL lll BBIIUII VI
iwcmy-iour nuara oi nei.m.i .-..
month to anyone who will have it shipped
,n im pravUtml prohibition? It looks as if
tnat measure win p iu uci -
foI0w.up law ,or the prohibitory vote of
!as Kai; And no habitual drunkard, if he
rIibII Iih declared uch bv the COUrt. Will be
. -------- - . . ...
Derm .tea any allowance, iim mio
,nc qestlon: What
r inst itnres an habitual
drunkard? If a man drinks this regular
monthly- allowance, can he not be placed
in the "habitual class? And suppose that a
age. each permitted the same allowance. We
now have tnree or tour en ipiueii is m n.a
same basement. What will prevent one man
from using up his allowance and makine;
t : .l.-. r.r un.itliBP- Curlhpr if
permitted to use Ifquo). jvhy not permit the
breweries to make it? How can one patronize
"Oregon-made goods" by suppressing manu
facture? "Consistency, thou art a Jewel."
T 1 eHrfi.-.ilt tei resist the louie of
our arid Me.Minnville friend's argu
ment flint if the use of liauor in Ore-
n ja tj bc permittcdi why not the
manul-acture7 But in truth prohibi
tion Is not a creature of logic, and
never pretended to be; else the cause
would not have advanced an Inch
from the eiistoilv of the radicals and
ovtremimtvi who oriirinallv had exclu
sive charge of the Oregon campaigns.
There has been no euori, tor e.am-
r.1 ii- th nrohtbltionlsts. wno are
opposed to the manufacture of beer
in Oregon, to oppose the cultivation oi
hops, which go largely into the mak
ing of malt liquors. If no beer, why
hops? Yet the agitated hopgrowers
in Oregon were told during the cam
naiirn not to worry, for only 2 per cent
of their product is sold and used in
Oregon and they would be lett tree
to sell to the brewers and other buy
ers of other states. But not a pound
of hops will after this year bc bought
by any Oregon brewer.
li t-i u harwh linnlieation tllat tne
man who drinks regularly is an habit
ual drunkard. Jt is not true, ot
course. Two quarts of wine and a
of Keei- ftwenlv-four ouarts) no
month arc not an excessive supply in
many families, thought it certainly
would be in others, who-want none
at all. But who does not know of
munv eltiy.ens tliat ri'irularlv have beer
it homo without the slightest suspi
cion on the part of the public that
they are not perfectly souei- aim even
temnernte? Is less than a ouart oi
beer a day too milch for people ac
customed to its use" Or a gill of wine?
Rut The Oreirolliait IS HOt CIISDOSCO
to haggle over the quantity anyone
inav be allowed. It agrees with its
Me.Minnville contemporary that there
is an element of gross inconsistency
ill permitting foreign-made liquor to
be drunk in Oregon and excluding the
Oregon product. Hut that is precisely
what the people of Oregon, with their
eves wide open, voted to do last No
vember. They sought to destroy the
saloon and in their wisdom they m-
tiirli-o tlio hroiverv because of Its in
timate partnership with the saloon,
it was Hie Darlial or even
complete source of the saloon's finan
cial strength.
i-roi-ticni n ro h i 1 ii I i o n . not theoreti
cal prohibition, is the plan of the con
stitutional amendment. The Commit
tee of One Hundred framed a bill de
signed to carry out its purposes. It
ought not to ho defeated through the
over zeal of the real prohibitionists or
the sly schemings of the fake pro
hibitionists. The prohibition bill, as
it passed the House at Salem, ought
to be converted by the Senate Into a
rational ami enforcible measure, fol-
-" ";-,,., , the ordinal bill.
--
PAY IOR HIGHER EDUCATION.
Tt is inlerestintr to find the follow
ing sharp criticism of tho Kugene
School Hoard-In a recent issue of
the Knirene Guard:
-
The statement thflt school hoards in other?
itles in Hicueii have collected tuition in
ii;h schools offers no defense for the ac-i.-u
o. tl.e Kmrcne school luiard. Rol.hei its
ire committed" in other cities. Other cllies
ive saloon. These facts do not argue
would he a good public policy to
Mi here. Kvcn tliouph the action
hsve :heii here.
reason to doubt, the plan of raising finances
in I lie public scnoois iia j.io.icci. -i ..M.-if
i.nscrous precedent in that it slrlKes a
low at the principle upon which our public
I.....I is founded, takihir the con
trol over expenditures away from tho tax-
-1 and estntg the power III ine uuaru.
fee of SI can he charged, a fee of
can be charged, end so on iiiuu mo f.-ii....
no tenser a free school hut nn institution
here an educational fee will be charged.
Wo ml her susnect that the action
of the School Board was inspired by
. feelinc not confined wnony to inai
apicnt body, that the duty of the pub
ic to furnish free tuition to an enus
the hich school doors. let
we
w onncr nuoi nn- ci..ii--'. vi ...
-. ...l... tllp.nlnrc! r.f tlio mill-
lie- schools at Kugene would nave to
!iy It ine pom v nil - noil; i.iiu
ere to be extended to the state uni
versity?
TMK VAI.I.KY OF THE MKls-E.
A new and valuable work is being
National Geographic So-
Washington. D. C. It is
..- ,, ,h W,M ,.:lr lit
Kuronean war lit
. aviditv. verbally ct
erature with avidity, verbally chart
ing the great battlctield In a way in
telligible to the layman and interest-
S as well as geographically correct,
thus takes upon itself and executes
practical work which the people
predate and will uphold.
in a totiiotin reeentlv- issued by the
at
society it is pointed out that the valley
of the Meuse extends tnrougn r ranee,
Belgium and Holland, up and down
whose course -000 years of intermit-
t..nt warfare has wared. It ma De
netu. i aesar pur.-.ueii nn i7o.il! io.v
the then unknown and barbaric
North. Toward the wealth of Rome
the wild Teutonic tribes also swept
down along its banks. Christian Eu
rope since has been adjusting its dif-
.-r - -
ferenccs along the valley.
- J i rr.
How often does the Forest of Ar-
day! And yet, how rich it is in the
romance of the great Charlemagne.
At Dinant, where within the last few
months masterful strategy has been
staged, Philip the Good, Duke of Bur
gundy, once is said to have caused 800
to be drowned. But the River Meuse
then merely blushed, as compared
with the crimson hue it has worn of
late.
The River Meuse bears other names,
among which are the Maes, Haas and
Merwede. The National Geographic
Society's bulletins are absorbing aux
iliaries to the current war news of
the day.
THB OREGON HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
The Oregon Historical Society has
issued a leaflet to inform the public
of its purposes and achievements and
perhaps soften the obdurate heart of
the legislative economist. The society,
which was organized in 189 8, had re
ceived from all sources, including the
Legislature, but 182,675 up to 1914.
This is not a spendthrift record. It is
particularly meager compared with
that of the Winconsin Historical So
ciety, upon which a generous state
government has bestowed an $800,000
building and an annual income of
$40,000, though part of this munifi
cence fell to the lot of the state
library as well. But we cannot help
reflecting that princely liberality of
this sort has provoked a reaction in
Wisconsin which just now threatens
to pinch all the state educational and
cultural institutions. Perhaps it is as
well to go a little slowly in these
matters.
The Oregon Historical Society is
prudently enciching its collections
year by year. It has lately received
two interesting treasures. Tho first is
a collection of Indian basketry from
Mrs. S. J. Henderson. The other is a
case of historical relics from Seth
Iaien Pope. The latter benefactor
also left the society the sum of $6000,
which has been set aside as tho
"nucleus of an irreducible fund." It
is not extravagant, perhaps, to hope
that other wealthy Oregonians about
to pass to their accounts will remem
ber the historical society with sub
stantial favors.
KOAKS AND nOADS.
George Armstrong, of Corvallis,
sends The Oregonian some remarks
on the perplexing subject of roads
with which he encloses a clipping
from the Oregon Farmer. Both will
bc found In another column of today's
paper. " We wish to make some com
ments on Mr. Armstrong's interesting
letter and the clipping which accom
mnin it hut first it seems well to
correct a misapprehension which !rp-
pears in both or mem. in tnctr vice.
"City newspapermen know only two
Is the asnhalt paved
streets down town and the execrable
dirt streets of the outlying sections.
They think that road improvement
means paving. Therefore they vould
have all the country roads paved."
Xow while The Oregonian would in
deed have all the country roads paved
if that were possible, it knows very
clearly that there arc varying degrees
of badness in dirt roads and took
pains to say so in the article to
which these critics refer. We point
edly remarked that all Improver
,,,..',,tu iciiotlier in dirt roads or others
could be made permanent, and went
on to specify how this mignt oe none
with grades, drains and fills.
This matter disposed of, let us a-1-tlress
ourselves to Mr. Armstrong's
letters, which presents tho pessimistic,
oi- cnrmnnentlv discouraccd. attitude
on the road question as ably as one
could desire. He begins oy ODjectniK
to short lengths of concrete road laid
down for moral effect and inspiration
because "the little bit of road after
the hard surface ends has always to
carry more heavy traffic than the rest
of tlio road and gets more cut up." H
does get more cut up. but not because
it has to carry more heavy traffic. It
is difficult to understand how one
little section of the road could bear
more traffic than the rest. Whatever
vehicles got upon that piece must
have come from somewhere else, one
would suppose. The reason why the
dirt next to the hard surface wears
so badly is because it is seldom prop
erly protected and kept in repair. It
needs almost constant attention and
does not get it. The sume trouble
also afflicts other critical points on
the roads. it is well known that
specimen lengths of concrete road bed
have had an immense stimulative ef
fect iu Massachusetts and New York.
They have inspired local authorities to
unexampled efforts in local building,
with the best of consequences. A lit
tle experience in such a matter is
worth a whole volume of theory.
The Gazette-Times, in the article
from which we quoted, did not advo
cate spending all the yearly taxes
upon hard-surfaced roads. It simply
calculatodwhat such an expenditure
would effect and then went on to say
that even a fraction of the taxes
would accomplish something worth
while anil The Oregonian agreed with
it. Better tho hundredth part or a
loaf than no broad. But we do not
wish to concede to Mr. Armstrong
that "the cost of paved roads through
out the country would be prohibitive."
It would of course be too much for
this generation of taxpayers to bear,
but such expenses can very well be
distributed over long periods. There
are perfectly feasible methods of do-in-so
which are applied every day to
the expense of railroads, bridges and
public improvements of every' sort.
From his position that "there Is not
at present population enough or
wealth enough in the country por
tions of Oregon to stand the price of
hard surface roads." we also dissent.
The simple fact is in itself evident,
but the inference from it that we
must defer road building until the
country has become densely populated
is unwarranted. History contradicts
it at every turn. The Northern and
Canadian Pacific railroads were built
for the most part through an unin
habited country. The builders had
faith that the road3 would bring pop
ulation and create values and every
bodv knows that they were right
about it. It would be the part of
wisdom for Oregon to imitate the ex
cellent example of these "empire
building" railroad companies and
construct highways in order that
population might be brought here.
Values would then quickly be pro
duced to pay off the expenses. This
is such a commonplace economic
principle that it should require no
particular emphasis.
Let us now turn to Mr. Arm
strong's remarks on the subject of
those "utility roads" that are con
structed to accommodate isolated
farmers. These, as he justly says,
must go where they are needed In
order that settlers may have an out
let. But It is decidedly not true that
"they cannot always be conveniently
laid out on exact corners and grades
like a railroad." This Is precisely
what always can be done, and if it
were done two Immense advantages
would result. The roadbed once built
would be built forever and the sav
ing to the farmers who use the grades
would be very great Mr. Armstrong
himself tells us that the haul from
the farmer's barn door to the central
road is often the most expensive part
of the trip to market. What is the
reason? Clearly it lies in the impos
sible grades he has to surmount and
the execrable lack of drainage which
these wretched grades entail. The
thing could have been done scientifi
cally with no more expense and trou
ble in the first place and then there
'would have been a foundation for all
future improvements to stand on.
"Whatever is worth doing at all is
worth doing well." even if it is the
laying out of a utility road.
We feel obliged also to dissent
from Mr. Armstrong's opinion that
"well-graded gravel roads will do all
the necessary work for the country
for several years." Such roads will
not stand the heavy truck traTfic
which is becoming more and more a
feature of country business. Of course
there is the alternative of excluding
such traffic from the highways, but
that means the blocking of progress
and the doom of rural improvement.
The heavy gasoline truck is the best
friend the farmer ever had, if he only
knew it, and in fighting it he squarely
opposes his own best interests. It
were far wiser for him to mortgage
the future up to the limit and con
struct roads suitable to stand the wear
and tear of the trucks.
"Medical Freedom" prints an article
to show that inspection and "pre
cautionary steps" do not lessen
diphtheria. The inference is that filth
and offal have no influence on the
disease. Let us therefore hasten back
to the good old days when every citi
zen dumped his garbage in the middle
of the street.
The current number of the Inde
pendent prints a picture of the Kaiser
as he looks now. It is a little thin
in the face and the famous moustache
Is clipped at the ends. William's ap
pearance is that of a man who has
been much occupied in one way or
another and perhaps a little worried.
"The committee never favored the
measure, but out of a spirit of gal
lantry permitted it to come before the
Senate with everything in its favor.'!
Just so. Tho committee now learns
to its discomfited surprise that gal
lantry and public business do not al
ways jibe exactly.
Woman is to have a waist again
this Spring, after a long period of
going without any. It is agreeaule to
learn that, besides this boon, fashion
will confer upon her "harmony of
idea and artistic taste." Quite a
change from what we have been
seeing.
"A man's home is his castle," and
therefore within its sacred walls he
ha.s the proud right to live as nastily
as he likes and generate filth diseases
to pass on to his neighbors. Such is
the conception of "freedom" which
ha.s lodged in some brains.
"Go West" was the advice of Horace
Greeley to poor lads more than a half
century ago. Xow tho same advice
is being given to tho richest men of
the land, as witness the offering of
great blocks of Kastcrn money to
.Western men nowadays.
The ruling by Attorney-General
Brown that the cierk of a school dis
trict is not a member of the board
will have the effect of settling many
a question of action in rural com
munities. The usual anti-vaccination bill has
appeared in the Legislature at Salem.
It should be entitled "A bill to fill
graveyurds," but it disports itself un
der a more innocent appearing head.
Democrats in Congress are deeply
concerned over tho National delicit.
Republicans no doubt are concerned
too. Thoy see nn evil heritage they
will have to correct in time.
Since there cannot be a parade of
tho National Guard on Washington's
birthday, the most proper observance
will be by planting roses. Order your
bushes early.
Shells in millions rushed for allies
iu Schwab's plant, says a news dis
patch. What about those in tho Kai
ser's plants? Are they not for the
allies, too?
British casualties number over 100,
000, although Belgians and French
are doing tho heavy work. Six
months later there will bc a different
story.
Humor is tho saving grace of great
characters truly enough. Cardinal
Mcrcier is amused at the dilemma in
which he has placed the Germans.
The security of Will H. Parry's ap
pointment to the Federal Trade Com
mission is in doubt. Some parry-ing
being indulged in!
When twenty-nine Senators "jump"
one poor, lonesome woman Senator,
all she can do Is feel of her back hair
and sit tight
Another postoftice clerk has gone
wrong, which merely serves to empha
size the integrity of a large body of
good men.
If every vacant city lot were de
veloped into a garden this woiild be
tho healthiest community in the
Nation.
Working girls overdress, thinks a
New York garment manufacturer.
Get your gasps ready for the new
fashions.
-: !)';- the captain of the Lusi
tania has the little streak of yellow,
a rare tiling In a British commander.
Without overhead charges and with
free right of way, the jitney man
should sell seven rides for a quarter.
Oregon's -w oman Senator is the cen
ter of a legislative turmoil. Changed
her mind, w ithout a doubt.
This is a good year for appreciative
commemoration of Honest Abe Lin
coln's name.
Will it take a steam roller to
smooth out the highway paving bill
blockade?
Is the State Legislature getting in
toxicated w-ith the dry act possibilities?
Half a Century Ago
Prom The OreBonian, February S, 1865.
The eminent English writer, Goldwin
Smith, who was lately on a visit to this
country, has written a summary of the
war situation in United States for the
London Daily News.
"General" Tom Thumb. Mrs. Thumb
and the baby were received by the
Prince and Princess of Wales recently.
Many notable members of royalty were
present. "General" Thumb, who has
attained high Masonic honors, will be
invited to attend a grand lodge, tinder
the presidency of the grand master, the
Earl of Zetland.
The stace on the route between
Walla Walla and Celilo was upset and
the driver, Henry Brown, was severely
injured.
The Willamette Theater will be
closed this evening in order to give
time for arranging tho production of
the Brand National drama, "The Spy on
the Potomac."
The new steam brewery of John Ma
son & Co. has been opened. Ale and
porter are the principal products to be
manufactured.
The steam sawmill of Estes & Stimp
son, which has been closed for repairs.
Is now in complete trim and will begin
operations today. The repairs were
under, the direction of O. It. Rodgers.
Sylvanus H. Maxon and Miss Amanda
M lrby were married January -'o by
Rev. John Clark at the home of the
bride's parents, eight miles north of
Vancouver.
Michael Hayes, imprisoned in Alca
traz for conspiracy to fit out a pirate,
has been released.
HISTORICAL SOCIBTY GIVKS FACT
Pamphlet Show Work Done and Ahead,
With Need of Fnnd Set Forth.
The Oregon Historical Society has
issued a purposeful pamphlet. It is a
resume of the society's purpose and an
outline of the work done by the society
in collecting and preserving the histori
cal lore of Oregon and its needs in con
tinuing this work.
The society, which was organized
December 17, 1838, now occupies 6000
square feet of exhibit space in the
Tournv building, 2U5-7 Second street,
near Taylor street. In this room, the
pmnphlet points out. Is collected and
displayed more valuable records than
lias been gathered by any similar state
society in the 16 years of its existence,
and at far less cost.
Frederick V. Holiran is president of
the society and Leslie M. Scott is vice
president. F. G. Young is secretary and
George II. Ilirnes is assistant secretary
and curator. These ortleers have com
piled In the pamphlet data intended to
convince the public tiiat its request for
an $18,000 appropriation from the state
this biennlum is just and. worthy, and
far less than has been asked for and
received by many other states. Fol
lowing are extracts from the pamphlet:
A summary of accessions up to No
vember 3U, 1911, is here given:
DocuMentary material, pieces
Diaries, account books, etc jl
Maps, charts, etc
XeWHiiapeis. bound volumes -i
Newspapers, unbound (ail in order for
bmdiitc;! , . !cr
Books, principally for i-elerclice 1-'i
tellers of all kinds '"'"ii
t.i.n; ic- I i.-u li
Uei,.s relatinir to pioneer life and
enrlv davs of .rec.on
In.i-an relies, chiefly of stone ....... .
Indian baskets, mats, beadfi. bend
wi.rt;, etc. (the Mrs. S. .1. Jlen
deraon b quest i
Pamphlets, ineliidhor magazines ami
hismrical publication received in
exchange for tho Quarterly oi the
soeiet y . . . '.
society
l.-.,or,S
14.0.-.S
Old coins, el e " '
Hricf bloitriiphical sketches of pioneers l.i..
Scrap book :.
Pioneer, Indian and scenic pictuits
of different kinds "'!",u
Bodies, buttons, medals, etc.. of Ilia-
torical interest "j
In addition the society has published
over 6000 printed pages of historical
matter in its qusrtorl.v. This publica
tion is sent to tlio principal historical
societies of the United Stoles, as well
as to the largest public libraries, and
iti every cas-j forms a part of the per
manent reference library material.
The starting point of American his
tory on the Pacific Coast began in Ore
gon with the discovery of the Columbia
Kiver by Captain Kobert Gray on May
11 17U2 No student of Pacillc Coast
historv, particularly of that relating to
the Pacific Northwest, can find on this
Coast or elsewhere in the world so
many sources of information relnling
to e'verv phase of human activity in
the "Oregon country" as may bo found
in the Historical Society's priceless col
lodion a collection that no sum of
nionev. however large, or personal ef
fort, however grout, could restore, if
by some grave misfortune it should be
destroyed.
The total receipts of the society from
date of organization to November 30,
liill. were:
Kroin membership dues and sale of
piioiieniioiis
Appropriations from the elate. at.uoO.OU
Tutu! 2,ail.lll
Of tho J6I.00U appropriated by tho
Stnte Legislature, 18.no0 was given in
February, 13U. And 18.000 is what the
society respcetrully asks for to enable
its work to be carried on for tho bl
ennium ending December St, 11.
This Is a smell sum compared with
what many of the states do for their
historical societies. Wisconsin ererted
a building for its Historical Society and
State Library costing $xiiii.iioil. a few
years ago. and have made additions to
it since. And for maintenance, annually
it appropriates Mrt.ni-n. Kansaa has re
cently erected a building for its His
torical Society at a cost of $:TiO,000. and
appropriates $20,000 annually for main
tenance. Nebraska Is spending ahout
the same amount for a home in which
to house its Historical Society, with a
like amount for maintenance. Minne
sota, Iowa, Illinois. Michigan. Missouri
and other states are following closely
behind these.
On the Pacific Coast, British Columbia
is ahead of any of the American states
in caring for its archives, both public
and private. More th.-m lUSO.nuO has
been spent in the last two years for a
permanent historical building, and for
maintenance annually more than $20,000
lias been appropriated.
Akc of Ananina Club.
MTIlTLli CltEEK". Or., Feb. 6. (To
the Editor.) Mr. Roosevelt I' entirely
too young to have hud anything to do
with the organization or naming of the
Ananius Club. The club was organized
A. D. o3, or earlier, and has flourished
ever since, but my personal knowledge
of its membership dattis back to the
40s. when Invisible Green. Canted A.
Biglie (can tell a big lie). Stttt Lone
good and others of like reputations
were flourishing. Since that time such
men as Petroleum V. Nasby and various
others have occupied the stage and
quite recently the Colonel has made his
appearance and Dr. Cook and others,
but the name was old 70 years ago.
JAS. HARM AN'.
French Pronunciation.
POHTLAXD, Feb. S (To the Kdi-
tor.) Please furnish m with the cor
rect pronunciation of Victor Hugo's
novel "Les Miserables." Also one of the
characters, Charles Francois-Bienvenu
Myricl. - SUBSCRIBER.
Century Cyclopedia of Dates give
pronunciation of Victor Hugo s famous
novel as "La Me-za-rabl"; by some It
is acceptably pronounced "Lay mez
rabl," rab pronounced as rob.
Charlz Fran-swa rTyeJ-v'n-J Mir-c-l.
Of course, thorn 1s 'always to be con
sidered a finesse in speaking Franch
names. An adroit shirring of the syl
lables counts for r.-.uch.
ROAD PROBLEM AXALY.F.D AGAIN
George AnuatroBK lllseussee Hlny
Building From Farmers Vie re.
CORVALLIS. Or.. Feb. . (.To the
Editor.) In answer to your editorial
rAlntiiio- in rimk In Kenton CoulltV 1
inclose you the following cutting from
the Oregon Farmer of February I:
Good Koade and Good sense.
The increasing interest in farming among
people of the citlea has distracted the atten
tion of dally newspapers from murders and
politics and" sciiidsl to rural development,
and nearly every issue of the tftty papers
brings more or less advice on niattera ler
taining to the farming business. Thle advice
may bo offerod. in good fullh. and It may
sound all right, but it la for tho moat part
of little practical value to the farmer. Just
at tho present time the dally press Is greatly
Impressed with the need of better roads.
The city newspaper man knows two klnda of
roads, the asphalt paved streets downtown
and the excreable dirt atrccta of the outlylnic
sections. He thinks that road Improvement
means paving. Therefore he would have all
the coui.trv roada paved.
Paved roads tltrouchout tho country would
be very fine, but the cost la prohibitive.
Moreover. It is possibio to build gravel roads
that will answer every puipose, and at a
cost that will improve every mile of toad til
the stato for tho same amount that ts now
being apont on poor paving for a few miles
of road outside the larger cities.
This idea, recently advanced by a Tarn
hill County farmer, Mr. Hurnrr. sua rid
iculed by a city paper. Mr. Ilurner also ex
pressed some other opinions on the road
question which may or may not be correct,
but his position regarding gravel roads is
right. Ho haa facts back of him.
Good gravel roads throughout the entlro
state would be vastly better than a few milea
of pavement leading to dirt roads that ara
next to impassable.
This Is to my mind one of the moat
practical and sensible letters written
on Oregon roads. The Gazette-Times
editors are tlee same as you city editors
you slip off the fine hard-suiiaced
street on to the mud of the near-city
i .,rf thoM condemn all the roads
i otiia aiiu - -
in the county, which ia unjust as the
first little bit ot roaa aner um ..--surface
ends has always to carry more
heavy traffice than the rest of tne
road and gets more cut up. Of course,
as this article says, 'paved roads
throughout tho country would bc fine,
but the cost Is prohibitive." Tliat'i
the rub. Where is the money going
to come from? I have no figures at
hand to give you, but I also lake the
Gazette-Times' figures. $123,112 in 11
years and you say 40 miles of con
crete highway at $10,000 a milo could
be built with it. First, the $12;:, HI
. rnn -li i sna vear. Ulld If W
U1U nut mn on in j .
took one-eleventh of It and built four
miles each year, what would happen
to all the poor follows living on thu
rest of the roads in Benton iu........
with no work or no money expended
on their portions? What would they
do? Could you expect them cheerfully
to pay their taxes to build tlio four
miles tor the lucky fellows who arc
living on them or if they are not go-
.. ... 14 ue.i lllckV felloW'g tO
pay $10,000 a mile for tho roads that
run adjacent to their property : n ,
they won t think themselves lucky tcl-
1UW.1 ItU m..
The straight fact is. there is not at
present population enough or ivcan-i
enough in the country portions of Ore
gon to stand the price of liard-siinace
.t th.. iii-r majority of farm
ers know it. A few wealthy farmers
and city people stand up and talk at
these road meetings to aaii "
t but thev don't repre
sent tho wishes of the majority of
i rip.,,.1,11 formers. That doea
not mean that farmers do not realize
ii, vi.lne of irood roads. aro au
c ..rt.l .n:uln. We aflS PO
Mll-llll,
paying. 1 think. 5 mills road tax and
,a'nv districts UrO VOtitlg 2 tO 5 IllillS
extra on that.
-in... i '., i..'I" imos makes a bliT nils
take in saying 123.1 12 has been wasted
on roads in the past 11 years, i iiic.-n
or 20 years ago most or tho roads in
the neighborhood were more or loss
mud all Winter. Now wliilu 1 cannot
give exact mileage. I should say there
..i !.... .111 miles of well-graded
gravel roads in Benton County. These
roads aro now. in winter, in in .uu
ditlon lor nmchino or team and will
. inurii ull Summer. They
DC 111 BL-llilJfi -
all have bocn paid for out of this
monev and neither tne county i-- -e
'. r.i. ..mil in debt for them.
lallin-ia ciii. j v
What Tho oregonian says relating
to grading and drainaao is enini-iy
i-nu,l- uli. ii Id he laid OUl by
con cci. iwx- - -
competent enginoers and Hiipcrvisoia
should work witn ana uiiuci mm. ."
ever, it must bo remembered that ulil
i... I 1 in fui-minir communities have
to go w'heie they aro needed, to suit
the wants ot tne country, nnia
always he conveniently laid out on
exact curves and grades, like a rail
road. A point that the good roads
apostles always ignoro is that the
i i: e it... l.ci.l of c-rain or woinl
iiauiinii o i..
or other farm produce I coin the field
to the existing roaa is tne n.-m n-.-.
part of the haul. Hard-surface roads
cannot be laid up to every threshing
stand and woodpile. tviin our my
Summer season siwil, well-graded
gravel roads will do all the necessary
work for the country for several years.
When population gets denser hard-
r - iu ii.m come where they
su run c i -.ouf-
are needed. At present they lire more
less of a luxury a most desirable
, i. ..i B. i,i lnt-irclv to the com
fort and ..rppHichk nd well-bHiiff or
the country, l uni.v unnui, -....
, ,.nHfir i-vlatttiicr rnliditlotiN.
luxury nitii. """v' " . . '
. . am not 1utifl0l tO
incumber heavily their prorrty to pay
. .! a lilluTI'OVll
for, tilUil'Jii fliiiMeiiiv.J,
Helen! or Idlery.
CAMAS. Wash.. Feb. 6. (To the Kdi-
tor ) If there is n height of idiocy
which could be properly called the
very pinnacle of thai dereet. our Chief
Executive, iu vetoing the literacy test
bill has surely attained that .altitude.
This bill did not aim at the Immi
grant who would become a useful fac
r ... .... t. .ii. It.ii r.f a runimnn.
tor in me "- - - . -
wealth, but was especially designed to
kceo out the class oi ivn-.m n -
.. .... A.-m-e mil would con-
saio i"'- i-'1 .' ., . i.
tinue through life to be "Like dumb
driven cattle, wnne it is mittm y u------i-
ful if the other one would ever "Jic a
hero in the strife."
Heretofore tin-re has been some spec
ulation as to what figure Mr. Wilson
would cut in the next fresl-lentliil
campaign. ut this speculation tins been
. . i- i..n.-tiinrulili otian-
mitiimiieu i-i ' " --:
tily. He has eliminated himself to
save opposition the irounie. i nc i-u..n. .
ui.ii,. irf m 1-reaident
who is capable of realizing that Ibis
country has reaenea a siaue. -
no longer advisable lo act as a kinder
garten for hopeless foreign incompe
tents the better it will be r--r us.
UBO. WILLIAMS.
Sunday Obaervanee.
SALKM, Or., Feb. 3. (To the lidl
. - i in a inii mo whom 1 can cet
t-jr.t c-ar-u .. .. -
some reliable work on why we keep
the first day or the ween, mi-i-a-i oi
the seventh? OLD SLBriCKIULK.
At your local or tho Portland Pub
lie Library, reference department; ex
amine these books: Page If", volume ,
-r-v-cionerliB, of Biblical. Theological and
Ecclesiastical Literature." by Ilev. .lohn
Mc!intock, D. D., and James fctrong.
S. T. D., and published in 1S94 by Har
per Ai Brothers. New Tork City; and
page 145. volume 11. "The New Sehoff
Heraog En-yelopedia of Religion.
Knowledge,'- edited by Samuel Mn. au
lnv Jackson, D. D.. and published by
Funk & Wagnals Co., Now York City.
ClerK.v-a Kxrnaptlon Opposed.
ALBANY. Feb. 6. (To the Editor.)
I notice in the prohibition bill a clause
exempting ministers, priests and rec
t r.s from signing for winea, liquor,
etc. when received. It Is class legisla
tion and I protest against It. Put every
man on the same footing. I believe the
ministers of th stats would oppose
imv such an exemption.
REV, I. G. KNOTTS.
Twenty-five Year Ago
From The Oreio-man. Ket. P. lWi.
ll.uhln(rl,.n Uefdrn tllU ItoUS COm-
mlttee on marine and fisheries, James
B. Montgomery, of Tortland. Or., yes
terday read a document in favor of ub
sidies to American vessul.
l.i.ticn rhelsn died at 1:30 A. M.
February S, of consumption.
o-i. - XV--1 Kl.rirA anoeared Vestcrdav
....... ... ..i..i.tnBL..i ni.nl..tiiint full of
picture of the great flood In Tortlan-I
and vicinity. It i std no other illus
trated paper in the t'nlted Mate ever
published on saturaay i-u-n '"-i"
i. . - e .....vinca of event o -
curring on Wednesday of th same
week.
.in j..l.r...l Knnerintenilolit Well-
7.el has established a new- school dis
trict. No. which incomes n ......
stock. Krultvale and other tract bm
the Wavcrly-Wooilstock motor line.
Chief l'arrish and Captain t:ril
macher have returned from th ineet
inirs of Chief of Police and City Mal-
shula held at Tacoma Iht erk. Th-
meet inn was for the purpose or or
ganizing the Mutual Protective Police
Association of Oregon and Wishing -ton.
ium..a Mclv'sv. who returned from
.... i... ii.wi v..si.tHnv rinorla the
death of A. Olllihan. due to pneumonia
contracted irom exposure uuiiiia !-.-flood.
Fifteen cow belonging to Ialr? -man
Frake were drowned.
William Pumphrry. n old pioneer
who was the original settler on what
I now the town of Alcqua. on I In
Northern Pacific line, was In TortUnil
yesterday.
Warren M. Pooiman rrlved front .n
Francisco on Ihe last ocean steimer.
lienor! ' Manager Mellon, of th
Northern Pacific. Is accompanied tier
bv Superintendent Klmberly; assistant
to the. president X. .'. Thrall. Attorney
L. C. Long and Kmiineer Huron.
Mis lllancbe Wink left by sl-amer
vestcrdav for San Francisco, where sh-
will irjl friends.
Fannie Louise Thrrkelsen. daughter
ot L. W. Thcrkclsen. and liavld 1.. Will
iam were nirrlcd Tuesday evrmt-g t
Trinity Church.
iMonnV.cT imps aiu i..ii:Ti:n.
Hill lo Itrqulre lirorillc Ilonrd'a
Approval Held mh( Men.
POr.TI.AND, Feb. 7. (To the LdllOf. i
1 aee that a Hepresetitativo hu Intro
duced a bill at Salem to require Hint
maps Issued by the slate be approved
by the Oregon lleos raph le Hoard. I do
not know anything about the leo
graplilc Board, but the proposition is
certainly a long step in tho ris lit di
rection. This state is flooded with
maps, public and private, that arc full
of errors, and i-mno st-p should be ma do
to correct them. The stale tries to
slop corporation! from issuing inn lead
ing statement, ami our cities lcgis
lato HgHinst moving picture that aie
calculated to create wrong impressions,
but we let private concern and even
tho atuto wlflciula themselves is.-uo
nuipa that cause loss of tune and
money, when a little examination by
competent authorities would check tho
mistakes and inlikc- tlio limpa of luoi o
value.
The w riter has been trying for sc -cral
years lo set a mnli.tlml Mould
sliotv tlie boundary li" l-elwien Curry
tiu-l Josephine Coiiiitlv enirectly. a'l
unlit tho Mat" map of on-imi Just Is
sued by the l iiited Stnte Oroloaicnl
Survey 'w as placed on sale, not a ma.ln
map could be scoured thai was i orre. I.
and vet the bouiid.-uy law was pnsse-1
In the SOs. Kvoiy (.rri-'liil inul
private limp published simply cart led
on tho old mistake, until the geo
logical ofrichil hunted down tlic error
and corrected It. Wo ought to be
iialur.ncd lo let a bureau at Washington
find our mistake. 'l t what can
we expect when the stale lleolf issne-a
mipa that are wriing? If the Oregon
Ueorgrupbic Hoaid Is competent, here
I a fine chance to lake a constructive
step. 1 would ku a step further and
require that every private map Issued
fur public sale should l-e stanip-d with
an approval aliutip. show ing dial It was
correct as far as known.
People buv maps, l-cli-vliig th-m (
bo correct and thin so out Into (lie
Woods and find that the maps urn H
wrong, which sometime chum finan
cial los ii nd even .lnua-l. Iirl i put
R stop to limp w lldeatl tug.
'iikmiy u i:nw.r:rs.
hanalnat male Be.ndarle..
COIIVALI.IS. or. Feb. T. I To the
I'dilnr) Iu the editorial Lincoln a
Stall-." appearing ill The oregonian
Sundav. the assertion Is mad- that tin
.'..... nt V irirlnla lia had It boun
dary materially changed.
During Ine cany cn....i ..-..e
writer Dakota appeared on the man un
divided. At present two atatei occur
tho same area. Oklahoma ha appeared
on tho map since that lime.
- From whence came ihese
LnWAKU ALDKX.
What The oregonian hl wa this
There haie l-een many project, for ne
dales, hut It Is the rule llisl slsles are, or
hate I..-.1 made fiom le.ru.-rle. and not
from oilier sii.-.. l-A-rpt Vlmlnl. th
l.ou.,.la:l-s of none of Ihe ri .-rlsle.l
colonies haie l.een chanced siol "est -l
zltilil was cul off from I n-l Hon.lnlon as
, ,,r nies.-nc. So far as Tile l..ecol.n
can re. all. no siat-s except Utiinli lis--ever
l.een materially all-red.
A to Dakota. It wna territory as
such and not a slate. The territory
divided Into North Dakota and Souin
Dakota, when tlio atnlchood igllatii i.
culminated In 1S!".
Tho mo hold true oT Oklahoma,
which. a state, was created out -f
Oklahoma Territory and Indian Terri
tory. wlin, In June. Dion, Conres u
Ihorlied the admission of Oklahoma, to
gether wlih lndin Territory. one
state. Oklahoma Territory was created
out of part of Indian Territory In
1S90.
The Oregonlaii rellerito it dor not
recall an Instance w hero the boutidarlri
of a state, a audi, have heon Interlal1y
altered, or the creation of a Mate
within a stale, except In the caa of
Virginia and West VirelnPv
The Retailer's Road
to Profit
Fiieeessful retuiling I a highly
developed form of service giving
the public w hat It want, at tho time
It want it.
(iood of quality, standard goods,
good that movo quickly from th
shelf, are tho kind that make store
keeping profitable.
It la for this reason that tie up-to-date
retailer finds it pais him lo
keep posted on the advertising I"
his favorite newspaper.
When a tatidar.i National article
I advertised in the newspaper be
knowa that demand will be stim
ulated. lie knows trad will he started
his way.
Ho know that it l good mer
chandising lo show Ihese B'-ods in
hi window and push their sale.
It Increases his sale when be eo
operate with the mnnulaclurei
newspaper advertising.