JO
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 2T, 1913.
PORTLAND, OREGON..
Entered t Portland. Oregon, Poa toffies a
e:orid-clas matter.
Eubscnptiun Rates Invariably In advance:
(By Mall.)
T'ally, Sunday Included, one year
.18.00
. . .73
lis
.. 1.90
.. 2.S0
.. 3.50
Ialiy. Sunday Included, six months .
Laily. Sunday Included, three months
IjaiIv. Sunday Included, one monta .
Lafl, Imout Sunday, one year ...
TJally. without Sunday, six montba ..
raty. without Sunday, three months
t'afly. w ithout Sunday, one month ..
Weekly, one year ..
Sunday, one year ..... ...
unaay and Weekly one year
By Carrier.)
Tat!r, Sunday included, one year .. ..
Daily, buuuay included, one month ..
How Remit tend pottofflce money or
er. express order or personal check on your
local bank. Stamps, coin or currency axe at
enaer s risk. Ulve postotrice aoaresa in
, JTifJiidiuj county and atate.
' l'ntuii Kate 13 to l'i sales. 1 cent; IS
, IA ::'J niiMt pan i - 31 In AH nUiL It CentS
' J9 to nazes. 4 cents: 2 to 71 pases, 5
' cents; 7 to 92 paces, a, cents. Fareisn post.
age. double rates.
.' Eastern Business Office Versa & Conk-
. I n. ,N'jr York: Brunswick building: Chicago,
fc-.enaer building.
faa Franrisco Office R. J. Bldwell Com.
paiiy, 74 Market street.
ment so- prolonged as to cause dis-1 drawn vehicles. Congress Is taking a
tress. It is a reproach to the .Nation I step backward. It is not economizing
that, where so much work waits to be I it is wasting.
done, willing men cannot find the op- Some members expressed a belief
portunity to do it. United effort, well I that, were automobiles purchased,
directed, would bring the men and the I they would be used nine-tenths of the
work together and would remove the I time for pleasure and one-tenth of the
reproach.
' PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JAN. 27. 1915-
r VNEMPLOYMISNT AND ITS CI RE.
. Unemployment of many thousand
; working men and women' hag become
mo general, to long continued and so
.aggravated every Winter that it now
occupies the attention of the wisest
'and most public-spirited people, be
ginrrins with President Wilson. In a
:country which affords euch abundant
-material for men to work upon, this
'chronic and periodically aggravated
jevJI bespeaks the existence of serious
; defects In our laws, or In their execu-
tion, and in our entire industrial or
ganization. j One most serious difficulty in the
;way of applying effective remedies is
!the- lack of co-ordination among the
Ivarious organizations designed for the
:purpose. In Portland, for example, we I
rhave the Associated Charities, yet
time for business. If employes of the
Indian service use Government prop
erty for private purposes, they will do
so as readily with horse-drawn
with motor-propelled vehicles. The
right course is not to deny these per-
jons the most up-to-date means of
but to discharge
MR. MOORE AND THE SALT LAKES.
The Oregonian is favorably impressed
by the obvious sincerity 'and genu
ineness of the offer made to the state
by Jason Moore and bis associates for 1 doing their work
the lease of Summer and Abert lakes, them and to appoint men who will use
The State Land Board, comprised of automobiles for their work and not for
the Governor, Secretary of State, and pleasure. The fault is in the men, not
State Treasurer, has made a contract
with Mr. Moore, subject to ratification I
by the Legislature, on a royalty basis.
for the conversion into commercial
products of the immense potash de
posits in the lakes. It would seem that
the Legislature ought in all good faith
to support the action of the Board,
which was taken after painstaking in
vestigation. The members were unan-
in the vehicles.
TELEPHONING ACROSS CONTINENT.
Conversation by telephone between
President "Wilson at Washington and
President Moore, of the Panama-Pa
cific Exposition, at San - Francisco,
3000 miles apart, marks another
epoch in the development of long-
imous in the conclusion that the Moore j distance communication. It is an event
offer was bona fide and that he was which sua-Msts untold rjosalbHitiea. for
qualified to carry out his contract. If every advance made ln modorn ,nven.
worthy of seHouTcrdraUo thl j U haa ut thf P
Board has not said so. Obviously, the a lar Sweater auvance, just as .jeorgo
Board did not think so. stepnenson's locomotive was me par-
The Moore offer contemplates estab- ent of the present-day mogul engine.
lishment of a new and most valuable The germ of the idea of the tele
industry in Oregon. The statement phone was first discovered by Page, of
is made that the Moore plans involve Salem, Mass., in 1837, but he does not
an outright expenditure of 15,000,000 appear to nave conceived now it could
or more. A large number of men be put into practical effect. Bourseul
several thousand are to be employed. I of France, in 1854, went a step farther
A crude and dormant resource of the by proposing the first device for trans
state is to be developed into a vast in- j mitting sound, but did not put it in
dustry. The state is to have a royalty, use. pnuipp Keiss. or r ranKiort, in
which shall be 125.000 ner annum at I860, made the first apparatus which
a minimum, and which it Is promised transmitted sound, but to Alexander
will in fact aggregate a much larger uranam jsen, an American, is aue me
sum. credit for working out the idea for
But the royalty item is only a detail, practical use, the patent for which he
The important fact is that there is secured in 1878. At first the device
guaranty of an immense investment in used on'y tr short distances, but
. i : i i unnrn'iim.nra Tn nwn papn nrnpr in
many charitable organizations are not . . ' ... ..." .......i.i.L.r,M .mh tin in irks th first
H3l i-th Ih.t K.,f I "1 11UUI, luiuiug m vo.iuu.imc --- . - ---- -
'rinri.ntlv f "if with r f manufactured products, and adding long-distance line was Duilt oeiween
!!ln!"tI.ySf J.hJ!1. "f?.?,"' greatly to our taxable wealth. New York and Philadelphia. The range
by spreading the light of knowledge
prevent injustice. He believes that
Jesus would not have been crucified
had there been daily newspapers in
Jerusalem and no doubt he is right
about it. Legalized mob violence can
scarcely thrive in a city where the
newspapers persistently bring every
event into the glare of publicity. We
must not forget, however, that if our
hypothetical Jerusalem newspapers
had been controlled by some sensa
tionalist who hated Jesus they might
have" hastened the crucifixion instead
of preventing it. Everything depends
upon howa newspaper is conducted.
The banana planters in Central
America are wonderful helpers of
archaeology. Every piece of land they
clear affords specimens of the ancient
culture of the people. - One estate
yielded 20,000 pieces of stone sculp
ture. When we remember that all
this was done with stone chisels we
can appreciate the industry of the al-
most forgotten American race that
once inhabited the Central American
region.
; operation and with no supervision by
,any public authority. We have hve
the Salvation Army, the Volunteers
(of America, the Muts and the several
;churches and Kational societies, each
j going to work in its own way and often
.duplicating and overlapping the work
'of the others. All solicit and receive
Ipubliu subscription, but few render
:any public account of the funds they
; receive or of the manner of disburse'
;ment. It is related that the Salvation
Arm; in Los As;leB collected old jibing schemo r IIii.g-out enter-
how, when, and by whom. It should
have a reasonable assurance that the
large promises made by any bidder for
the lease will be carried out by respon
sible men. experienced in the business
strength.
FAIXTV PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY.
Oregon has a direct Presidential
primary; but the law has at least
one incongruity which the Legislature I
ought to correct. It Is the provision
that an elector may vote for only one
clothes for charity; sold them for
'?i7,000 and remitted toOOO or $6000
of this amount to headquarters in Chi
cago, though the donors expected all
the proceeds to go to the Los Angeles
unemployed.
Lark of co-operation among organ'
Jzed charity societies combines with
unorganized individual i-harity to con
vert into permanent paupers the tent'
porary victims of misfortune or im
providence. Every man who is given
10 cents to buy a meal or a bed by a
society or an individual is helped one
step downward on the road from the
plane of a self-supporting, self-respect
ing citizen to the plane of a man whose
chief purposo in life is not to sell his
labor, but to live without labor. Xo
able-bodied man should be given food.
clothes or lodging unless he renders
on equivalent. It would be better to
require a man to dig up the yard,
though the work is unnecessary, or to
carry the woodpile from one side of
the basement to the other and to pay
him the actual value of his time than
to give him alms and a push on the
road to pauperism.
That idea should be followed out by
a city in rendering aid to the uncm
ployed. There should bo no free
lodging-houso at a Gypsy Smith audi
torlum. nor siould work be invented
as an excuse for paying men wages to
do work that is not really-needed, so
long as work can be found that has a
real money value and is needed. If
the city were not compelled to pay for
labor more than its market value in
Winter, much street and sewer work
can be deferred until that season for
..the purpose of providing employment
"Tor the men who are usuully thrown
nut of work by cessation of logging
'unil railroad construction and bv the
rdecreased demand for farm labor. The ELIMINATING TVPHOID
.erection of the Interstate bridge should The germ theory of disease has
ibo hastened with the same end in I achieved some of its most notable
view, for that will employ hundreds of triumphs in the United States Army.
men in doing work that is needed and I Few have forgotten the ravages made
ithat would not otherwise be done D" typhoid fever among our troops
: work involving expenditure of SI. 750.-1 during the short Spanish war, when
000. For the same reason the pro-1 the losses from this filth disease far
The Lecislature should of course of telephonic conversation has been
satisfy itself of the merit of the Moore rapidly widened until now a wire has
project and the responsibility of its carried the human voice across me
backers. So also should it give close I continent.
scrutiny of even other offer. The salt When we consider tnat wireless xei
. ... i .... ... .
lakes of Oreson should not be turned egraphy is but a recent discovery ana
over to any mere promoter, or group I from short distances has widened its
of promoters and speculators, for exr range until it now transmits messages
ploitation or pure commercial adven- direct from Berlin to Sayvllle, L.
and tnat experiments nave aireaay
been made with wireless telephony.
is not extravagant to hope that the
human voice may yet be transmitted
ture. The good name
should not be involved
of the state
n any stock-
not only what it is proposed to do, but across the ocean and even around the
world without the aid of wires. We
may reach a climax in the annihila
tion of distance by witnessing Presi
dent Wilson talk directly to the rulers
of the belligerent nations in the effort
they are undertaking and competent to to restore peace. The genius of man,
bring to its support largo financial by discovering ana applying to nis use
the secrets of natural law, is causing
tho earth to shrink by drawing its
people together.
AMENDING MARRIAGE.
It is easy to pick flaws ill the mar
riage relation as it exists, but Its worst
foes have to admit that it is better
of a group of delegates to a National than any of the numerous substitutes
convention of any political party. I that have been offered in its place.
Thus extraordinary provision an Mrs. Havelock Ellis, who has been
unjust and discriminating limitation gpeauing a sood deal upon matrimony,
upon the privileges of all voters was . , At ,,
directly responsible for the failure of If . .
laic riio iang iuhu v .
the Republican delegation to the Chi
cago convention of 1912 to represent
the will of the people. The state de
clared for Roosevelt; but under the
peculiar workings of the law, it sent
to the Chicago convention five or six
anti-Roosevelt men openly avowing
their hostility to Roosevelt to carry
out their will. It will always hap
pen eo, under the law as it stands,
In case of a sharp contest between can
didates for President.
The principle of direct nominations
for President, eo far as it is expressed
in the law, is acceptable, and ought
not to be disturbed. But the law ought
to be made workable and sensible by
permitting the voter to express his
choice, within his own party, for as
many candidates as there are delegates
to be chosen
exceeded those from military casual
ties. Flies slew many times more of
our young men than the Spanish guns
did. The improved conditions in 1913
were amazing. Only three United
posed issue of 11.000,000 in county
road bonds should be voted by the
; people as soon, as possible and the
t-work should be done during the corn
otic Spring and Summer. The Deoole
Jneed the roads, they will be worth the States soldiers were attacked by ty
Jmoney and the men need the work. phoid fever in that year and all of
: Hastening of such public works is a them' recovered. Immunity from this
far better method of rjrovidlnr ia.bnr disease, once so much dreaded, has
;for the unemployed than is the city been secured by inoculation. Of the
timn Ant,, aKA a lthrA tvnhoirl Datients in 1913. two
-quantity of corkwood is consumed an- were attacked within six days after
i nually in Portland and vicinity, and by they had enlisted. The third had
Tsettinir the unemDloved to wort of served a little longer and had been
"this kind the city has made no net de- vaccinated, but he was infected be.
!crease in the amount of unemnlov- fore his immunity was tuny estao
ment: it has siniDlv substituted on lished. These facts are set forth in
:ne of woodcutters for another. Tf the Surgeon-General's report on
the same men had been employed on
jstreets and sewers, on the interstate
1 bridge and on roadbuilding. they would
health conditions of the Army.
Progress in the elimination of ty
phoid from the Army has been con-
thave done work which would otherwise I tinuous for some years. In 1912 there
have remained undone and their wonlH were IS cases and three deaths; in
.'thus have made a large net decrease 19H, forty-four cases and six deaths;
in the amount of unemployment. in . 1910, 143 cases and ten deaths.
Much can be done In the wav of The lartner oacK we go ine more
. placing men on the land. Every own- cases we find and the greater the
; rr of unused land is a contributor to mortality. Can any better proof be
I the number of unemployed. If he
i would improve his land, he would re
I duce that number and would increase
, the value of his property. Many
I among the unemployed are hard
I working, honest, thrifty men who have
j come from farms. Given a chance,
I they would make farms out of waste
land. All they need is the land and
a "grubstake." Many moneyed men
are willing to grubstake a prospector
to go into ' the mountains and find
mineral: why cannot a
demanded, of the efficacy of modern
scientific medicine?
IMX.l ECONOMY IN CONGRESS.
Whenever certain Representatives
discover an appropriation for automo
biles in a bill, they throw an economy
fit. They have visions of Government
employes taking joyrides in costly ve
hicles paid for by the people.
When the House was discussing the
Indian bill, a chorus of protest went
landownerl up against the provision of 15,000 to
. gruDstake a man to make a farm? purchase twenty automobiles for the
; ocucr tanning ana improvement in Use of superintendents, farmers, physl
the condition of farm labor will add dans, field matrons, allotting irriga-
many to the number of men employed tlon and other emploj-es of the Indian
on farms. The modern, scientific service. This is an average of only
tarmer has work for a certain number I $750 for each machine. That sum
of men the year around: the old-style I would not buy a costly limousine; it
farmer employs men only ln the I would pay for a machine correspond-
piowmg. sowing ana narvesting sea-1 in a- to the old-fashioned buckboard.
sons and discharges them in Winter. Yet several members objected to the
The supply of farm labor would be purchase of any autos and the House
uipruvcu ouin m quality ana quantity rejected tne provision ior new automo
by state and city employment offices biles and it voted J8000 to purchase
co-ordinated through the Federal La-
bor Department. With this improve
ment, fnrmers would be encouraged to
undertake many things which they de
fer because labor Is too costly in the
Summer and too shiftless and unre
liable In the Winter. With a better
supply they could figure ahead and
could weed out Jhc undesirables by a
process of selection.
In euch a country as America there
is . no excuse for periodic unemploy-
not over forty horse-drawn vehicles.
The present Congress knows so little
about economy that, when it attempts
to practice that virtue, It goes to work
in the wrong way. Employes of the
Indian. Service should have cheap
motor-cars because their duties re
quire them to travel long distances,
and these vehicles enable them to get
over the ground in less time and thus
increase their efficiency. By requir
ing these public servants to use horse-
Others might pronounce otherwise
upon them. Her first amendment is
trial marriage." The couple are to
live together for a year without taking
irrevocable Vows. If all turns out well
the ceremony is to be completed. If
not, they part with mutual good
wishes. What is to become of the off
spring which may bless this temporary
union seems to be left a little indefi
nite. We dare say this relatively un
important mater may be entrusted to
Providence. If the sparrows are looked
after why not a baby or even twins?
More practical minds may find the
possibility of children an insuperable
obstacle in the way of Mrs. Havelock
Ellis' trial marriage and yet the cus
tom actually prevails in many parts of
the world.
In parts of Germany it is not un
common for a lower class couple to
live together for some months before
the wedding ceremony is celebrated.
If they go to the pastor before any
children are born it is deemed suffi
cient. Occasionally the young man
plays .false to his promised bride,
but not often. The practice Is said to-
work fairly well. No doubt it serves
every purpose that Mrs. Havelock Ellis
has in mind. Her second project Is
that of separate apartments' for mar
ried couples, where each individual
may be secure from intrusion at inop
portune moments. This is common
among people of means, but the poor
cannot afford it. Such great authori
ties as Forel are inclined to pronounce
against it in all cases. In their opinion
it makes for marital intiaemy, wnicn
may or may not be true. The male
sex is so imperfectly monogamous that
it seems unwise to relax any of the
bonds that hold man to his partner.
But in some cases it must be admitted
that what appear to be bonds are no
better than shams. The institution of
marriage has undergone great changes
of late years and probably it is des
tined to alter still more, though it
would be rash to predict the precise
nature of that evolution.
PROGRESS AND PAPERS.
A cheery pipe is heard now and
then in the universal groan of pessi
mism that is sweeping over the world.
Dr. A. Eugene Bartlett, a clergyman of
Flatbush. X. T says in a recent ser
mon that he sees a particularly bright
lining to the cloud of gloom. He as
severates that the world is growing
better in spite of the war. "Human
life," says he, "Is growing more sa
cred." This may be hard for some to
believe in the face of the fact that men
are dying as never before on the bat
tlefields of Belgium and Poland, but
Dr. Bartlett is not without evidence
for the faith that is In him. He men
tions, for instance, that the Pennsyl
vania Railroad carried 188,000,000
passengers last year without killing
one of them. Compared with some of
the old records of our railroads, this Is
indeed encouraging. We may hope
that all the rest will follow the noble
example of the Pennsylvania and see a
new sacredness in the lives of their
passengers. But we can hardly believe
that life Is any more precious to the
rulers of the world than it -was a
thousand years ago.
To these magnates human beings
are mere cannon fodder exactly as
they were to Alexander and Caesar.
Though the latter had no cannon, they
had the same spirit as Xapoleon and
William. In this respect the world
does not appear to have grown either
better or worse except that modern in
struments of warfare make death
more ravenously devouring. Dr. Bart
lett ascribes a great deal of our mod
ern progress to the newspapers, which.
Again the suggestion is made that
in appointing officers for the coming
city election. Auditor Barbur, when
possible, fill the night boards exclu
sively with male citizens, placing
Women on the day boards. This is a
matter In which the precinct commit
teemen should co-operate and not
leave the burden upon the Auditor.
If a teacher wishes to spend a year
at the normal school, should the di
rectors give her leave of absence? By
all means. The teacher gives time
and money to improve her services.
The school profits by it. The leave of
absence is an economical means of
securing better teaching in the schools.
When Mother Jones visits John D.,
Jr., and the kiss of peace is exchanged
between them we may well say that
the Drorjhecles are fulfilled and the
'lion and lamb have lain down in the
same pasture. The only difficulty is
to decide which is the lion. We are
disposed to back Mother Jones.
Half a Century Ago.
REPUBLICANS' BKTIR.V FORECAST.
From Tbe Oregonian January 27, 1863.
In the Legislature of the Sandwich
Islands an effort was recently made to
repeal the act prohibiting; selling liquo
to the native Hawaiian, which failed
to pass and the prohibition still exists.
The King would have vetoed any act
repealing prohibition. It seems liquprn
were being used to excess and that tb
islands were fast depopulating. Since
prohibition the improvement has been
marked.
San Francisco. A committee has been
appointed to prepare a reception to
General Sickles.
The French Consul at San Francisco
disclaims any knowledge of the cession
of northwestern Mexican states to
France, and of Gwin's appointment as
Governor-General.
General Scott in his autobiography
gives the followingccount of the ori
gin or tne cioin Known as - caaei gray
and worn by tbe cadets at West Point
" hen Scott was seen approaching
the bridge General Rial, the British
commander who had dispersed twice
his numbers the Winter before In his
expedition on the American side, said
It Is nothing but a body of Buffalo
militia.' But when the bridge was
crossed in fine style, under the heavy
Are of artillery, he added with an oath
Why, these are regulars! The gray
coats at first deceived him, which Scott
was obliged to accept, there being no
blue cloth In the country. In compli
ment to the Battle of Chippewa our
military cadets have worn gray coats
ever since."
Alexander Dumas, the French roman
cier, the dark mulatto nearly 60 years
of age, yet called the handsomest man
Europe, left Paris last month for
New York. Dumas would have visited
the United States before this late day.
but dare not under Democratic Admin
istrations for fear of being arrested and
sold as a "fugitive from justice,
A London letter in the New Tork
Tribune says it is broadly reported
there in financial circles that half the
rebel debt is held in England, and that
ir it is not paid half of the British
money bags will collapse. This is the
secret or John Bull's adherence to the
confederacy.
Letters f rom 'Montana Territory give
the news of tbe death of Charles Stew-
The Senate is worried lest the ship-
purchase bill cause international . Brt formerly of Portland, at Virginia
iruuoio. ouun tilings, liuecrr, uu ui Ulji
worry the Administration, which ap
pears to take the view that having no
army and little naval force our turn-the-other-cheek
policy will protect us
from our aggressions.
D. Dennison will match his trotter
"ha.mc-Conie-Up" with B. B. Acker's
"Challenger" on Multnomah trotting
course tomorrow atternon at z o clock,
Principal G. G. Richardson, of the Port
land Practical Seminary in Carter's
brick building. Front and Washington
streets, announces the new term begin
ning January 31,
The Emperor Maximilian is slowly
garnering about hlin a foreign legation,
The Hon. Peter Scarlett has been sent
osva mlssiion to Mexico for England.
Germany has called even her older Biondel Coulebront. Beltria.. Knvov
men to the colors. Eventually the wo- the United states, to proceed to Mexico
men may have to fall in, and such is on a special mission.
the German spirit that they would re
Young Rockefeller describes bad in
vestments made by hia father. Such
things are not for him to mention. But
for Rockefeller senior wo opine that
Rockefeller junior would be presiding
behind the soda fountain or ribbon
spond cheerfully should their services
be demanded.
The City of Chicago is tunnellnc un
der Lake Michigan in order to secure
supply of fresh water.
Bryan, while evasive, has accepted
in effect the German view relating to
American consuls in Belgium. To be
sure. Bryan accepts any foreign point
of view if it is presented firmly enough.
TAX O.V JITNEY BUS PllOI'OS-ED
Streetcar Senior of Merit Should Be
I'rotec-ted, Say D. D. Wallace. -
PORTLAND, Jan. 23. (To the Ed
itor.) Is it possible the citizens of
All blame for rabies in Eastern Ore. Portland will support an Industry that
gon should not bo placed on the coy- to me seems to deserve so little merit
ote. There are plenty of dogs that las these so-called jitney bus lines that
hould be exterminated east of the have lately appeared upon our streets?
mountains, and west as well. I AVe have a system of street railway in
Portland second to none in the West, I
tllijV- thni. .... .. .... ... . J 1 . J
xiid.w vuuice ivii.11 niui ti uc ern and rnnvpti pnl It, avt-u n-.jv n--
mand for examination into his sanity, officials are alert and have the lines to
which leads us to wonder whether w-e every part of the city where possible
are going to have that perennial nuis- to accommodate tho public. Millions
ance aired again. of dollars have been expended for the
uhdiuh.ui;h ui, d ui ine maintenance or.
h,a nn. An .. .1 .
Toung Mr. Rockefeller's criticism of mnt nf ,' .rf... v,,..,. .. "
the old gentleman's investments in accepted, their employes ara courtpmm
Colorado is what might be expected i and obliging, hundreds of them have
from the son of the man who made ouilt homes here and are taxpayers and
th mnnev among our nest citizens. The encour-
ustii'coi ui uieae interior metnoos or.
So far. however, the Legislature the aDr)earam.e of thl fair ,; it v i 1 1
hasn't seen fit to promote a single mean less cars. In oneration on thn
item of legislation with the end in view streetcar lines, which will necessarily
of abrutly terminating the war in Eu- mean poor service, loiifr waiting on
rope. lowctc vuiiicrD iiiiu iiunureuB or. -men
umtnttrseu. xnose living neyono. me
limit of these bus lines of 5 cents fare
will pay more for transportation and
get very little comfort in the long
waiting for slow cars.
So far as I have been able to discover.
these buses are cheap, many seem dirty
and probably will become insanitary?
resurrected irom scrap piles and rebuilt
for the purpose. Many are operated bv
cheap help and incompetent', that rush
around street corners and over cross
ings and bridges at speed limits in
haste to deliver the nickel passenger,
which we all know is unreasonable and
cannot be done with safety.
Now, the writer is not an employe of
tne street railway nor a stockholder
rather we favor any and all legitimate
and progressive industry, but it seems
that for the good of Portland in many
ways the business men and citizens
snouid get together with the city off!
ciais and place a sufficient tax upon
such as to assure both safety for the
public, as well as protection to a cor
poration that deserves our patronaare,
Our service is above the average of
other cities; we come and go from our
work and shopping in comfort so far as
puDitc transportation is concerned or
can be given. D. D. WALLACE.
Demoeratle AUministratloa Analysed
and Evident Drfrcta Noted.
PORTLAND. Jan. 25. (To the Ed-
Utor.) Some time ago The Oregonian
Twenty-Five Years Ago.
From Th Oraironiaa Jan. 27, ISM.
Washington Civil Service Comrals-
did me tbe kindness to print what was I sioner Roooevelt has submitted to the
intenqea as a criticism ol the Admin-I run committee report on ine recent
istration, especially of its foreign pol- investigation Into alleged violation of
icy, in which r commended the conduct tbe civil service law ln the Isrw York
of Mr. Roosevelt's Administration. Custom-House just prior to tbe last
when, lo, and behold, one of my Repub- Presidential election. Mr. 1 Roosevelt
11 can atandpat friends opened up on points out that in some places attempts
me with his heavy guns for my poor I were made, with varying dearees or
mead of praise for the Colonel. I success, to evade the law. In ether
To any one havins- his ear to the departments be said the law had been
ground it Is apparent that whether the I kept In latter and spirit and there was
colonel comes back or not, there Is go- no lapse into political coercion on
ing to be a change. This is not be- I spoliation basis. The report brought
cause of anything against Mr. Wilson. I out that them was soma evidence that
for the mass of the people believe him I in the .'w Tork campaign the policy
to be. on the sqi'Rre. But there is an I was, "It Is better to pay." The report
undercurrent of dissatisfaction with I says: "It is probably safe to say u per
the party in power with the party. I cent of the money collected for politl-
mlnd you. Employment la scarce, while I cal purposes from minor Government
lowering the tariff hasn't lowered the employee represents so much black
price ot living to any extent. I mall.
When the President took office he I
announced that he could not be I The home of Z. M. llrown. clerk of
bothered with questions of patronage. I Crook County, was burned a few days
In this he was to be commended, for I ago. The loss is $2000. with no Insur-
the President is not only the leader of lance.
his party, but, more than this, the head I
of the Nation. In years past the Presi
dent's time has been mainly taken up
with finding places as a reward for po-
Mltical service and little time was
found for the broad questions of states
manship. Unfortunately Mr. Wilson la
at odd already with the Senate over
what they jealously guard as their
prerogative.
The , civil service came to the front
In Mr. Cleveland'a Administration. All
honor to him. To a large extent it has
removed tbe effeota of the spoils sys
tem. It haa created honesty and
competency in the public service. Al
ready there has been (I say has been,
for there are jealous public servants
on guard who hava prevented the in
justice) a tendency to do away with
the civil service or overcome Its pro
visions. Witness the Postmaster-Gen-
A petition from C. H. Presrott and
Ellis O. Hughes asking the right to lay
water mains In Irvtngton. east ot Four
teenth street, waa read and referred
to the committee on such matters at
the meeting of the Albina Council Ian
night.
Dr. N. 8. Spinney has purchased prop
erty to the amount of HiOO In Albina
during the laat week.
Mrs. E. R. Thompson and !. Thomp
son, mother and aon of J. T. Thompson,
have arrived from Iowa and will make
their future home here.
L. K. Cogswell, livestock rancher, of
Chchalls, crossed the Columbia on tbe
ice Saturday evening.
The engagement of Goorgo Vander-
eraj'a order requiring all fourth-ciaHs b)u n(J 1(iry jonptonr Ann,
postmasters to take the civil service
examination. It la clear that, all things
being equal, as between a Democrat
and a Republican, the Democrat would
gain the position aa a result of such
an examination.
There have been attempts at a ten
ure of office which amounts to put
ting the service back on a spoils basis.
what sort of service do you suppose,
for instance, the public would got If
the railway mail service were turned
out every few years with a change In
party? These men put In long hours
dale, S. C, la not surprising, according
to the newspaper paragraphia, lln mat
her on Bcaucatchcr Mountain, they re
call.
Charles Begnett. R. IL Constan. Mii-a
Campbell. Miss Price. .Major Weed.
Percy Harris and Mrs. !. T. Merrill
were the prlaewinnnrs at the Saul a
Rosa Park and Astoria real ecteta
company's masquerade ball last night.
The seats for the opening of
Marquam Grand Theater will ba
the
tue-
!ll"tr.1-h?"rf "J!rf.'.,l."1''.B.l,"JJ tioned this atternoon at Masonic Hall
around the holidays. They put
many years of hard study to make
themselves competent. Their work. In
a measure, has unfitted them for other
work on the outside. Would it not be
by A. B. Rlchardeon. Emma Juch will
be heard In grand English opera ai tht
inaugural entertainment.
Fred V. llolman. the attorney. I
busy nuniberinu a recant purcbas of
far better in appointing postmasters for some 1000 worth of law books, chiefly
inw iiigiicr uiiiuen. an uiinsa ocina i Eastern reports.
equal, mat mene men do cnosen
cording to competency and good be
havlor? .
Let us take a look at the consular
and diplomatic services. In Europe
Japan and other first-class countries
men In these cervices are appointed
uccesstvely from the lowest to the
next higher, determined by their fit
ness and experience. In tho t nited
States men havo been appointed a
reward for political nervier, and not for
bility. However, during tho years
when McKinley, Roosevelt and Taft
were in office, as a result of the labors
of Mr. Root an attempt was mado to
ulld up these services commensurate
with the greatness of this Nation. Moat
first-class countries allow their era
bassies adequate salaries, allowances
for state entertainments, and furni-sh
their own embassy buildings. As a re
suit their public servants abroad are
no disadvantage. In this country
owever able a man may be, pnlesa he
EFFECT OX MO PA1 MUX C ITK.W.
Mrretear Company !:ple Xirmrt
Aa Factor In Jitney Aaveal.
POKTLA.ND. Jan. 21 (Te tho Edi
tor.) Nut in tlelenea of tlie roitland
Kuilway, Light t l'owcr Company do
I wish to make soma comment on tliu
mui h-ta'kid-of jitney bus, bill on b
half of the employes of tho arovs com
pany and it Is tny desire to hava thn
good people of Portland look at Ilia
situation In a fair, square light and
tako Into consideration the fct that
the Portland Railway. Li k' lit at Power
Compiiny has spent, agliroximatcly
uou.ul'O in tliu erection of power planl-.
sub stations, carbarn, offices ami
equipment, all of which necessitate
the employment of everal tliouraiid
employes, men ami women, and It Is a,
foregone conclusion that any curtail
ment of the eurnlngs of this company
will rertalnlv result lit tliA l.'ivlntr off
as a personal income he Is uuablo tonf t-mnlo es or a serious reduction in
fill a position of trust and honor. I their salaries.
Hut there Is method to Mr. nryan a v- ali know It to be a fu t that tho
madness. His zeal to reward his comuanv is confronted on all sides hv
It does seem "tough" to be obliged
to pay a license for keeping a dog; but
it comes cheaper in the end, for the
poundmaster is a man without a heart.
The old-fashioned mother who does
not want her young ones to "kpow too
much of their lnsides' will have a
voice ln the teaching of physiology.
Senator Langguth's bill allowing
women to serve or decline jury duty
at their pleasure will never get by the
Supreme Court if It becomes law.
friends is certainly commendable, but
it makes an honest American bluph
with shame the way the service is be.
ing used not as a position of trtiKt, but
to exploit a poor helpless country like
San Domingo for reward
laws, rules and regulations In which
tliey havo no voice, now. for Instance,
they are forcod to operate cars during
hours, both day and liiKht. and on linen
through sparsely settled districts at a,
dead loxs to themselves which reriounda
Will the Republican party go hack to the benefit of tlielr employes; they
into power? Tes. If It puts up the right
men, with clean hands and clean hearts.
WILLIAM A. WILLSH1RE.
PATRONAGE FIGHT IS IRRITATING.
Suggestion Is Made to Take Away Priv
ilege Now Yeatcd In henatc.
PORTLAND, Jan. 23. (To tho Edl
tor.) The question of Senate preroga
tives discussed by a correspondent con-1 surcjy result In the reduction of tho
pay a license for earn. car. bridge toll,
street maintenance and alro tuxes tt
the city, county anil state. Now comet
the jitney an a competitor for bulnHs
which employs no help, pay no license,
bridge tolls, street maintenance or tn-c
and Is operating at will, taking thr
only profitable business there Is from
the Portland Railway, Light Tower
Company, which Is unjust and will
sidered from a speculative or a theoret- present forc of employes or a decided
ical standpoint is subject to some dif- cut in their already smull salaries,
feronce of opinion. However, since the i gather from the New Year' edi
Constltutlon has given the Senate the tIon of The Oregonian that tho annual
authority or privileges complained of, payroll of the Portland Railway, Light
it would seem the part of wisdom or & Power Company la nearlv two and n
propriety for the President to respect half million dollars, which is turned
said privileges and others as well. Un- hack Into tho business channels of
til lawfully abolished or modified, as Portland.
history shows, the said body is tcnu- At present the Portland Rallwav.
clous of Its privileges, and as a rule Light & Power Company Mill furnish
can block any attempt to override them transportation from Mllwaukie to e't.
and do damage or mischief to the of- Johns for 5 cents and they also go Into
fender in return, to consequent Injury all carta of tiie cltv and furnish caunl
otten or pupuu pusiness. j ne poncy ot facilities to all patrons. If wa are go-
Bryan's prompt evasion in the sus
pension of American exequaturs by
Germany is merely another feat by the
greatest little evader of all time.
Bingham's bill for a new compensa
tion law has the merit of proposing a
board of one commmissioner, and
therein lies a saving at the start.
The proposal to collect rent for
space beneath sidewalks is a joke, but
in line with schemes to get more money
to be spent by officialdom.
This generation that has been listen
ing to tradition of a solid Willamette
may see a realization if the weather
people do not relent.
If you are unable to afford a car and
persist in going to the auto show, be
sure to take your guardian along. The
appeal is irresistible.
January popularly is held to be
Thaw time, but there is a maasure of
comfort ln knowledge the month is
near its end.
Today is open day for sportsmen at
Salem and the Senate killed the anti
lobby bill yesterday for the purpose clty. However, there is some doubt. In
Ob Bombarding; a City.
HOLBROOK, Or.. Jan 24. (To the
Editor.) My father says that if some
of the German warships intended to
bombard London there is a law that
they would have to let London authori
ties know before they fire away. My
neighbor says the Germans could shoot
away without letting them know. Who
is right?
Under the international agreements
of The Hague tribunal, any hostile
power which was a party to The Hague
agreements would be expected to not!
fy any unfortified city before bom
bardlng it. This would be to allow the
noncombatants time to flee. An enemy
would not be expected necessarily to
ncify a fortified city. London cannot
properly be regarded as a fortified
probably.
The battle line yawns except for ar
tillery firing, designed, doubtless, to
keep the frost out of the big field
guns.
the light of events, whether The Hague
agreeraeiitSsare binding ln fact.
The free textbook plan is not popu
lar and if the Senate agrees with the
House there will be little grief over the
loss.
Russia has ordered 1,000,000 horse,
shoes in America. Probably for use b
the Russian infantry.
The head trusty in the County Jail
merely left an opening for his understudy.
John Barleycorn has been given the
cold shoulder by Iceland.
Tou auto see the show.
Rain is coming.
Majority and Plurality.
LEABURG, Or., Jan. 24. (To the Edi
tor.) Will you give me the address of
a paper devoted to the interests of the
umbering business on the Coast? Also,
what is the difference between ma
jority and plurality as applied to the
election of officers. A SLBSCRIBER.
Tho Timberman, Portland, Or.
If, in a total of 95,000 votes cast, for
instance, A receives 0,000, B 30,000 and
C 13,000, then A's majority is 5000; that
the excess over the total vote of B
and C. But if in a total of 95,000 vote
cast A receives 45,000, B '20,000 and C
20,000, then A receives a plurality (that
is. a total larger than any competitor)
of 15.000. In this latter case A does not
receive a majority, properly speaking.
If only two candidates are contesting,
a majority is likewise a plurality, gen
erally speaking A majority is any
number greater Uiaii half the wiio;$. I
President Roosevelt to respect the Sen
ate's said privilege so far as the sug
gested appointees under it are good
men. seems the wiser policy by far,
and whatever other troubles he had
with Congress it doubtless saved him
much trouble in this respect.
Whatever the prospects or the merits
of the contention, it is unfortunate that
tbe Senate is so great a beneficiary in
the matter that it is not probable It
will agree soon, if ever, to submission
of art amendment taking away the said
power. Therefore, having a general
conventlpn of the states seems the only
recourse ln the matter, the securing of
which, however, would doubtless be
tedious or long-winded process and
would perhaps require a question of
more general or stirring Interest to
secure it. Then, too, there la a general
distrust or uncertainty of a convention
with vast or unlimited powers of
Initiative among the more conservative
elements. Yet some auch procedure
may become advisable in those matters
or provisions wnicn py tne terms ot tne
Instrument lisen are anucuii or prac
tically impossible of amendment.
J. TYLER.
Law for Women Workers.
PORTLAND, Jan. 25. (To the Ed
itor.) What is the new law in regard
to hours and wages of women employed
in restaurants and hotels? N. M.
The general laws of Oregon require:
(1) That no adult woman (over IS
years old) shall be employed In any In
dustry at a weekly wage less than
J8.25.
(2) That no woman shall be employed
more than 54 hours ln one week, or be
forced to work more than 10 hours In
any one day.
(3) That no women workers shall be
employed later than S:30 o'clock at
night, not applying to telephone or tel-
raph employes, or employes in con
fectionery establishments, restaurants
or hotels.
Ing to have the jllm-y is It not rlht
that Mllwaukie, SI. Johns and all other
parts of the city that are not now
served ty the jitney should have tha
benefit of a competing line.
A. C DICKSON.
FOLK DANCE CRITICS AXIWEBGII
Terpsleaorean Training for Young HeM
Natural Expreaslou of Joy.
PORTLAND, Jan. 23. (To the Edi
tor.) A few days ago tha Metliodlat
ministers of Los Angeles conferred
with the Board of Education to protest
against folk dancing and other terpsi-
chorean activities In the public schools.
the specific objection In the ministe
rial protest being "rhythmical dancinli.
called folk dancing, and other exer
cises that expose the persons of little
girls and misses contrary lo that mod
esty of deportment and refinement of
spirit that give womanhood Its great
est charm, should bo abolished." To
dance Is one of tbe first things a chtiil
does. The mood Is expressed In the
terms of the dance. If one will observa
a little' child at play or chasing but.
terflies It will be seen that every ati
and combination of steps known to
choreography are effected at some.
tlma during that Play. Dancing la
synonymous with happlnesa and Joy. No
one who can really dance can tc bad.
Dancing is the laughter of the body.
and a true laugh emanatei from the
heart.
The chief objection that the minis
terial aasociation haa to dancing la
that it exposes the person of little girls
and misses. Instead of doing away
with the dance, clothes that prevent a
little girl or miss from using her body
should be abandoned
FANNIE HA RLE Y.
No Indemnity Asked.
BRIDAL VEIL. Jan. 25. (To the Ed.
Itor.) Please inform a few interested
readers through your valuable and re
liable columns: (1) If these United
States ever demanded and received a
cash war Indemnity, if so where and
how much? (2) How much did she pay
Spain for the Philippines?
A CONSTANT READER.
1 No.
2. At the close of the Spanish-Ameri
can war the treaty signed at Paris
December 10. 1898, provided for a pay.
ment of f20.000.000 to Spain for re.
linquishing claim to Porto Rico, Guam
and Philippine Islands, and a subse
quent tready of November 7, 1900. pro
vlded for a further payment of $100,001 j
for other Philippine islands. I
Reaching People
Where They Live !
"We are preaching the gospel of
reaching people where they live
that's why so many of our accounts
are going into the newspapers."
This frank statement was recent,
ly made by one of the leading ad
vertising agents of the country.
He hit the nail right on tha head.
The newspapers not only reach
people where they live, but they
come day in and day out, and are
always welcome.
There Is no means of advartls
Ing that equals newspaper advertising.
r
1.