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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 27, 1915)
JO THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 2T, 1913. PORTLAND, OREGON.. Entered t Portland. Oregon, Poa toffies a e:orid-clas matter. Eubscnptiun Rates Invariably In advance: (By Mall.) T'ally, Sunday Included, one year .18.00 . . .73 lis .. 1.90 .. 2.S0 .. 3.50 Ialiy. Sunday Included, six months . Laily. Sunday Included, three months IjaiIv. Sunday Included, one monta . Lafl, Imout Sunday, one year ... TJally. without Sunday, six montba .. raty. without Sunday, three months t'afly. w ithout Sunday, one month .. Weekly, one year .. Sunday, one year ..... ... unaay and Weekly one year By Carrier.) Tat!r, Sunday included, one year .. .. Daily, buuuay included, one month .. How Remit tend pottofflce money or er. express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency axe at enaer s risk. Ulve postotrice aoaresa in , JTifJiidiuj county and atate. ' l'ntuii Kate 13 to l'i sales. 1 cent; IS , IA ::'J niiMt pan i - 31 In AH nUiL It CentS ' J9 to nazes. 4 cents: 2 to 71 pases, 5 ' cents; 7 to 92 paces, a, cents. Fareisn post. age. double rates. .' Eastern Business Office Versa & Conk- . I n. ,N'jr York: Brunswick building: Chicago, fc-.enaer building. faa Franrisco Office R. J. Bldwell Com. paiiy, 74 Market street. ment so- prolonged as to cause dis-1 drawn vehicles. Congress Is taking a tress. It is a reproach to the .Nation I step backward. It is not economizing that, where so much work waits to be I it is wasting. done, willing men cannot find the op- Some members expressed a belief portunity to do it. United effort, well I that, were automobiles purchased, directed, would bring the men and the I they would be used nine-tenths of the work together and would remove the I time for pleasure and one-tenth of the reproach. ' PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JAN. 27. 1915- r VNEMPLOYMISNT AND ITS CI RE. . Unemployment of many thousand ; working men and women' hag become mo general, to long continued and so .aggravated every Winter that it now occupies the attention of the wisest 'and most public-spirited people, be ginrrins with President Wilson. In a :country which affords euch abundant -material for men to work upon, this 'chronic and periodically aggravated jevJI bespeaks the existence of serious ; defects In our laws, or In their execu- tion, and in our entire industrial or ganization. j One most serious difficulty in the ;way of applying effective remedies is !the- lack of co-ordination among the Ivarious organizations designed for the :purpose. In Portland, for example, we I rhave the Associated Charities, yet time for business. If employes of the Indian service use Government prop erty for private purposes, they will do so as readily with horse-drawn with motor-propelled vehicles. The right course is not to deny these per- jons the most up-to-date means of but to discharge MR. MOORE AND THE SALT LAKES. The Oregonian is favorably impressed by the obvious sincerity 'and genu ineness of the offer made to the state by Jason Moore and bis associates for 1 doing their work the lease of Summer and Abert lakes, them and to appoint men who will use The State Land Board, comprised of automobiles for their work and not for the Governor, Secretary of State, and pleasure. The fault is in the men, not State Treasurer, has made a contract with Mr. Moore, subject to ratification I by the Legislature, on a royalty basis. for the conversion into commercial products of the immense potash de posits in the lakes. It would seem that the Legislature ought in all good faith to support the action of the Board, which was taken after painstaking in vestigation. The members were unan- in the vehicles. TELEPHONING ACROSS CONTINENT. Conversation by telephone between President "Wilson at Washington and President Moore, of the Panama-Pa cific Exposition, at San - Francisco, 3000 miles apart, marks another epoch in the development of long- imous in the conclusion that the Moore j distance communication. It is an event offer was bona fide and that he was which sua-Msts untold rjosalbHitiea. for qualified to carry out his contract. If every advance made ln modorn ,nven. worthy of seHouTcrdraUo thl j U haa ut thf P Board has not said so. Obviously, the a lar Sweater auvance, just as .jeorgo Board did not think so. stepnenson's locomotive was me par- The Moore offer contemplates estab- ent of the present-day mogul engine. lishment of a new and most valuable The germ of the idea of the tele industry in Oregon. The statement phone was first discovered by Page, of is made that the Moore plans involve Salem, Mass., in 1837, but he does not an outright expenditure of 15,000,000 appear to nave conceived now it could or more. A large number of men be put into practical effect. Bourseul several thousand are to be employed. I of France, in 1854, went a step farther A crude and dormant resource of the by proposing the first device for trans state is to be developed into a vast in- j mitting sound, but did not put it in dustry. The state is to have a royalty, use. pnuipp Keiss. or r ranKiort, in which shall be 125.000 ner annum at I860, made the first apparatus which a minimum, and which it Is promised transmitted sound, but to Alexander will in fact aggregate a much larger uranam jsen, an American, is aue me sum. credit for working out the idea for But the royalty item is only a detail, practical use, the patent for which he The important fact is that there is secured in 1878. At first the device guaranty of an immense investment in used on'y tr short distances, but . i : i i unnrn'iim.nra Tn nwn papn nrnpr in many charitable organizations are not . . ' ... ..." .......i.i.L.r,M .mh tin in irks th first H3l i-th Ih.t K.,f I "1 11UUI, luiuiug m vo.iuu.imc --- . - ---- - 'rinri.ntlv f "if with r f manufactured products, and adding long-distance line was Duilt oeiween !!ln!"tI.ySf J.hJ!1. "f?.?,"' greatly to our taxable wealth. New York and Philadelphia. The range by spreading the light of knowledge prevent injustice. He believes that Jesus would not have been crucified had there been daily newspapers in Jerusalem and no doubt he is right about it. Legalized mob violence can scarcely thrive in a city where the newspapers persistently bring every event into the glare of publicity. We must not forget, however, that if our hypothetical Jerusalem newspapers had been controlled by some sensa tionalist who hated Jesus they might have" hastened the crucifixion instead of preventing it. Everything depends upon howa newspaper is conducted. The banana planters in Central America are wonderful helpers of archaeology. Every piece of land they clear affords specimens of the ancient culture of the people. - One estate yielded 20,000 pieces of stone sculp ture. When we remember that all this was done with stone chisels we can appreciate the industry of the al- most forgotten American race that once inhabited the Central American region. ; operation and with no supervision by ,any public authority. We have hve the Salvation Army, the Volunteers (of America, the Muts and the several ;churches and Kational societies, each j going to work in its own way and often .duplicating and overlapping the work 'of the others. All solicit and receive Ipubliu subscription, but few render :any public account of the funds they ; receive or of the manner of disburse' ;ment. It is related that the Salvation Arm; in Los As;leB collected old jibing schemo r IIii.g-out enter- how, when, and by whom. It should have a reasonable assurance that the large promises made by any bidder for the lease will be carried out by respon sible men. experienced in the business strength. FAIXTV PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY. Oregon has a direct Presidential primary; but the law has at least one incongruity which the Legislature I ought to correct. It Is the provision that an elector may vote for only one clothes for charity; sold them for '?i7,000 and remitted toOOO or $6000 of this amount to headquarters in Chi cago, though the donors expected all the proceeds to go to the Los Angeles unemployed. Lark of co-operation among organ' Jzed charity societies combines with unorganized individual i-harity to con vert into permanent paupers the tent' porary victims of misfortune or im providence. Every man who is given 10 cents to buy a meal or a bed by a society or an individual is helped one step downward on the road from the plane of a self-supporting, self-respect ing citizen to the plane of a man whose chief purposo in life is not to sell his labor, but to live without labor. Xo able-bodied man should be given food. clothes or lodging unless he renders on equivalent. It would be better to require a man to dig up the yard, though the work is unnecessary, or to carry the woodpile from one side of the basement to the other and to pay him the actual value of his time than to give him alms and a push on the road to pauperism. That idea should be followed out by a city in rendering aid to the uncm ployed. There should bo no free lodging-houso at a Gypsy Smith audi torlum. nor siould work be invented as an excuse for paying men wages to do work that is not really-needed, so long as work can be found that has a real money value and is needed. If the city were not compelled to pay for labor more than its market value in Winter, much street and sewer work can be deferred until that season for ..the purpose of providing employment "Tor the men who are usuully thrown nut of work by cessation of logging 'unil railroad construction and bv the rdecreased demand for farm labor. The ELIMINATING TVPHOID .erection of the Interstate bridge should The germ theory of disease has ibo hastened with the same end in I achieved some of its most notable view, for that will employ hundreds of triumphs in the United States Army. men in doing work that is needed and I Few have forgotten the ravages made ithat would not otherwise be done D" typhoid fever among our troops : work involving expenditure of SI. 750.-1 during the short Spanish war, when 000. For the same reason the pro-1 the losses from this filth disease far The Lecislature should of course of telephonic conversation has been satisfy itself of the merit of the Moore rapidly widened until now a wire has project and the responsibility of its carried the human voice across me backers. So also should it give close I continent. scrutiny of even other offer. The salt When we consider tnat wireless xei . ... i .... ... . lakes of Oreson should not be turned egraphy is but a recent discovery ana over to any mere promoter, or group I from short distances has widened its of promoters and speculators, for exr range until it now transmits messages ploitation or pure commercial adven- direct from Berlin to Sayvllle, L. and tnat experiments nave aireaay been made with wireless telephony. is not extravagant to hope that the human voice may yet be transmitted ture. The good name should not be involved of the state n any stock- not only what it is proposed to do, but across the ocean and even around the world without the aid of wires. We may reach a climax in the annihila tion of distance by witnessing Presi dent Wilson talk directly to the rulers of the belligerent nations in the effort they are undertaking and competent to to restore peace. The genius of man, bring to its support largo financial by discovering ana applying to nis use the secrets of natural law, is causing tho earth to shrink by drawing its people together. AMENDING MARRIAGE. It is easy to pick flaws ill the mar riage relation as it exists, but Its worst foes have to admit that it is better of a group of delegates to a National than any of the numerous substitutes convention of any political party. I that have been offered in its place. Thus extraordinary provision an Mrs. Havelock Ellis, who has been unjust and discriminating limitation gpeauing a sood deal upon matrimony, upon the privileges of all voters was . , At ,, directly responsible for the failure of If . . laic riio iang iuhu v . the Republican delegation to the Chi cago convention of 1912 to represent the will of the people. The state de clared for Roosevelt; but under the peculiar workings of the law, it sent to the Chicago convention five or six anti-Roosevelt men openly avowing their hostility to Roosevelt to carry out their will. It will always hap pen eo, under the law as it stands, In case of a sharp contest between can didates for President. The principle of direct nominations for President, eo far as it is expressed in the law, is acceptable, and ought not to be disturbed. But the law ought to be made workable and sensible by permitting the voter to express his choice, within his own party, for as many candidates as there are delegates to be chosen exceeded those from military casual ties. Flies slew many times more of our young men than the Spanish guns did. The improved conditions in 1913 were amazing. Only three United posed issue of 11.000,000 in county road bonds should be voted by the ; people as soon, as possible and the t-work should be done during the corn otic Spring and Summer. The Deoole Jneed the roads, they will be worth the States soldiers were attacked by ty Jmoney and the men need the work. phoid fever in that year and all of : Hastening of such public works is a them' recovered. Immunity from this far better method of rjrovidlnr ia.bnr disease, once so much dreaded, has ;for the unemployed than is the city been secured by inoculation. Of the timn Ant,, aKA a lthrA tvnhoirl Datients in 1913. two -quantity of corkwood is consumed an- were attacked within six days after i nually in Portland and vicinity, and by they had enlisted. The third had Tsettinir the unemDloved to wort of served a little longer and had been "this kind the city has made no net de- vaccinated, but he was infected be. !crease in the amount of unemnlov- fore his immunity was tuny estao ment: it has siniDlv substituted on lished. These facts are set forth in :ne of woodcutters for another. Tf the Surgeon-General's report on the same men had been employed on jstreets and sewers, on the interstate 1 bridge and on roadbuilding. they would health conditions of the Army. Progress in the elimination of ty phoid from the Army has been con- thave done work which would otherwise I tinuous for some years. In 1912 there have remained undone and their wonlH were IS cases and three deaths; in .'thus have made a large net decrease 19H, forty-four cases and six deaths; in the amount of unemployment. in . 1910, 143 cases and ten deaths. Much can be done In the wav of The lartner oacK we go ine more . placing men on the land. Every own- cases we find and the greater the ; rr of unused land is a contributor to mortality. Can any better proof be I the number of unemployed. If he i would improve his land, he would re I duce that number and would increase , the value of his property. Many I among the unemployed are hard I working, honest, thrifty men who have j come from farms. Given a chance, I they would make farms out of waste land. All they need is the land and a "grubstake." Many moneyed men are willing to grubstake a prospector to go into ' the mountains and find mineral: why cannot a demanded, of the efficacy of modern scientific medicine? IMX.l ECONOMY IN CONGRESS. Whenever certain Representatives discover an appropriation for automo biles in a bill, they throw an economy fit. They have visions of Government employes taking joyrides in costly ve hicles paid for by the people. When the House was discussing the Indian bill, a chorus of protest went landownerl up against the provision of 15,000 to . gruDstake a man to make a farm? purchase twenty automobiles for the ; ocucr tanning ana improvement in Use of superintendents, farmers, physl the condition of farm labor will add dans, field matrons, allotting irriga- many to the number of men employed tlon and other emploj-es of the Indian on farms. The modern, scientific service. This is an average of only tarmer has work for a certain number I $750 for each machine. That sum of men the year around: the old-style I would not buy a costly limousine; it farmer employs men only ln the I would pay for a machine correspond- piowmg. sowing ana narvesting sea-1 in a- to the old-fashioned buckboard. sons and discharges them in Winter. Yet several members objected to the The supply of farm labor would be purchase of any autos and the House uipruvcu ouin m quality ana quantity rejected tne provision ior new automo by state and city employment offices biles and it voted J8000 to purchase co-ordinated through the Federal La- bor Department. With this improve ment, fnrmers would be encouraged to undertake many things which they de fer because labor Is too costly in the Summer and too shiftless and unre liable In the Winter. With a better supply they could figure ahead and could weed out Jhc undesirables by a process of selection. In euch a country as America there is . no excuse for periodic unemploy- not over forty horse-drawn vehicles. The present Congress knows so little about economy that, when it attempts to practice that virtue, It goes to work in the wrong way. Employes of the Indian. Service should have cheap motor-cars because their duties re quire them to travel long distances, and these vehicles enable them to get over the ground in less time and thus increase their efficiency. By requir ing these public servants to use horse- Others might pronounce otherwise upon them. Her first amendment is trial marriage." The couple are to live together for a year without taking irrevocable Vows. If all turns out well the ceremony is to be completed. If not, they part with mutual good wishes. What is to become of the off spring which may bless this temporary union seems to be left a little indefi nite. We dare say this relatively un important mater may be entrusted to Providence. If the sparrows are looked after why not a baby or even twins? More practical minds may find the possibility of children an insuperable obstacle in the way of Mrs. Havelock Ellis' trial marriage and yet the cus tom actually prevails in many parts of the world. In parts of Germany it is not un common for a lower class couple to live together for some months before the wedding ceremony is celebrated. If they go to the pastor before any children are born it is deemed suffi cient. Occasionally the young man plays .false to his promised bride, but not often. The practice Is said to- work fairly well. No doubt it serves every purpose that Mrs. Havelock Ellis has in mind. Her second project Is that of separate apartments' for mar ried couples, where each individual may be secure from intrusion at inop portune moments. This is common among people of means, but the poor cannot afford it. Such great authori ties as Forel are inclined to pronounce against it in all cases. In their opinion it makes for marital intiaemy, wnicn may or may not be true. The male sex is so imperfectly monogamous that it seems unwise to relax any of the bonds that hold man to his partner. But in some cases it must be admitted that what appear to be bonds are no better than shams. The institution of marriage has undergone great changes of late years and probably it is des tined to alter still more, though it would be rash to predict the precise nature of that evolution. PROGRESS AND PAPERS. A cheery pipe is heard now and then in the universal groan of pessi mism that is sweeping over the world. Dr. A. Eugene Bartlett, a clergyman of Flatbush. X. T says in a recent ser mon that he sees a particularly bright lining to the cloud of gloom. He as severates that the world is growing better in spite of the war. "Human life," says he, "Is growing more sa cred." This may be hard for some to believe in the face of the fact that men are dying as never before on the bat tlefields of Belgium and Poland, but Dr. Bartlett is not without evidence for the faith that is In him. He men tions, for instance, that the Pennsyl vania Railroad carried 188,000,000 passengers last year without killing one of them. Compared with some of the old records of our railroads, this Is indeed encouraging. We may hope that all the rest will follow the noble example of the Pennsylvania and see a new sacredness in the lives of their passengers. But we can hardly believe that life Is any more precious to the rulers of the world than it -was a thousand years ago. To these magnates human beings are mere cannon fodder exactly as they were to Alexander and Caesar. Though the latter had no cannon, they had the same spirit as Xapoleon and William. In this respect the world does not appear to have grown either better or worse except that modern in struments of warfare make death more ravenously devouring. Dr. Bart lett ascribes a great deal of our mod ern progress to the newspapers, which. Again the suggestion is made that in appointing officers for the coming city election. Auditor Barbur, when possible, fill the night boards exclu sively with male citizens, placing Women on the day boards. This is a matter In which the precinct commit teemen should co-operate and not leave the burden upon the Auditor. If a teacher wishes to spend a year at the normal school, should the di rectors give her leave of absence? By all means. The teacher gives time and money to improve her services. The school profits by it. The leave of absence is an economical means of securing better teaching in the schools. When Mother Jones visits John D., Jr., and the kiss of peace is exchanged between them we may well say that the Drorjhecles are fulfilled and the 'lion and lamb have lain down in the same pasture. The only difficulty is to decide which is the lion. We are disposed to back Mother Jones. Half a Century Ago. REPUBLICANS' BKTIR.V FORECAST. From Tbe Oregonian January 27, 1863. In the Legislature of the Sandwich Islands an effort was recently made to repeal the act prohibiting; selling liquo to the native Hawaiian, which failed to pass and the prohibition still exists. The King would have vetoed any act repealing prohibition. It seems liquprn were being used to excess and that tb islands were fast depopulating. Since prohibition the improvement has been marked. San Francisco. A committee has been appointed to prepare a reception to General Sickles. The French Consul at San Francisco disclaims any knowledge of the cession of northwestern Mexican states to France, and of Gwin's appointment as Governor-General. General Scott in his autobiography gives the followingccount of the ori gin or tne cioin Known as - caaei gray and worn by tbe cadets at West Point " hen Scott was seen approaching the bridge General Rial, the British commander who had dispersed twice his numbers the Winter before In his expedition on the American side, said It Is nothing but a body of Buffalo militia.' But when the bridge was crossed in fine style, under the heavy Are of artillery, he added with an oath Why, these are regulars! The gray coats at first deceived him, which Scott was obliged to accept, there being no blue cloth In the country. In compli ment to the Battle of Chippewa our military cadets have worn gray coats ever since." Alexander Dumas, the French roman cier, the dark mulatto nearly 60 years of age, yet called the handsomest man Europe, left Paris last month for New York. Dumas would have visited the United States before this late day. but dare not under Democratic Admin istrations for fear of being arrested and sold as a "fugitive from justice, A London letter in the New Tork Tribune says it is broadly reported there in financial circles that half the rebel debt is held in England, and that ir it is not paid half of the British money bags will collapse. This is the secret or John Bull's adherence to the confederacy. Letters f rom 'Montana Territory give the news of tbe death of Charles Stew- The Senate is worried lest the ship- purchase bill cause international . Brt formerly of Portland, at Virginia iruuoio. ouun tilings, liuecrr, uu ui Ulji worry the Administration, which ap pears to take the view that having no army and little naval force our turn-the-other-cheek policy will protect us from our aggressions. D. Dennison will match his trotter "ha.mc-Conie-Up" with B. B. Acker's "Challenger" on Multnomah trotting course tomorrow atternon at z o clock, Principal G. G. Richardson, of the Port land Practical Seminary in Carter's brick building. Front and Washington streets, announces the new term begin ning January 31, The Emperor Maximilian is slowly garnering about hlin a foreign legation, The Hon. Peter Scarlett has been sent osva mlssiion to Mexico for England. Germany has called even her older Biondel Coulebront. Beltria.. Knvov men to the colors. Eventually the wo- the United states, to proceed to Mexico men may have to fall in, and such is on a special mission. the German spirit that they would re Young Rockefeller describes bad in vestments made by hia father. Such things are not for him to mention. But for Rockefeller senior wo opine that Rockefeller junior would be presiding behind the soda fountain or ribbon spond cheerfully should their services be demanded. The City of Chicago is tunnellnc un der Lake Michigan in order to secure supply of fresh water. Bryan, while evasive, has accepted in effect the German view relating to American consuls in Belgium. To be sure. Bryan accepts any foreign point of view if it is presented firmly enough. TAX O.V JITNEY BUS PllOI'OS-ED Streetcar Senior of Merit Should Be I'rotec-ted, Say D. D. Wallace. - PORTLAND, Jan. 23. (To the Ed itor.) Is it possible the citizens of All blame for rabies in Eastern Ore. Portland will support an Industry that gon should not bo placed on the coy- to me seems to deserve so little merit ote. There are plenty of dogs that las these so-called jitney bus lines that hould be exterminated east of the have lately appeared upon our streets? mountains, and west as well. I AVe have a system of street railway in Portland second to none in the West, I tllijV- thni. .... .. .... ... . J 1 . J xiid.w vuuice ivii.11 niui ti uc ern and rnnvpti pnl It, avt-u n-.jv n-- mand for examination into his sanity, officials are alert and have the lines to which leads us to wonder whether w-e every part of the city where possible are going to have that perennial nuis- to accommodate tho public. Millions ance aired again. of dollars have been expended for the uhdiuh.ui;h ui, d ui ine maintenance or. h,a nn. An .. .1 . Toung Mr. Rockefeller's criticism of mnt nf ,' .rf... v,,..,. .. " the old gentleman's investments in accepted, their employes ara courtpmm Colorado is what might be expected i and obliging, hundreds of them have from the son of the man who made ouilt homes here and are taxpayers and th mnnev among our nest citizens. The encour- ustii'coi ui uieae interior metnoos or. So far. however, the Legislature the aDr)earam.e of thl fair ,; it v i 1 1 hasn't seen fit to promote a single mean less cars. In oneration on thn item of legislation with the end in view streetcar lines, which will necessarily of abrutly terminating the war in Eu- mean poor service, loiifr waiting on rope. lowctc vuiiicrD iiiiu iiunureuB or. -men umtnttrseu. xnose living neyono. me limit of these bus lines of 5 cents fare will pay more for transportation and get very little comfort in the long waiting for slow cars. So far as I have been able to discover. these buses are cheap, many seem dirty and probably will become insanitary? resurrected irom scrap piles and rebuilt for the purpose. Many are operated bv cheap help and incompetent', that rush around street corners and over cross ings and bridges at speed limits in haste to deliver the nickel passenger, which we all know is unreasonable and cannot be done with safety. Now, the writer is not an employe of tne street railway nor a stockholder rather we favor any and all legitimate and progressive industry, but it seems that for the good of Portland in many ways the business men and citizens snouid get together with the city off! ciais and place a sufficient tax upon such as to assure both safety for the public, as well as protection to a cor poration that deserves our patronaare, Our service is above the average of other cities; we come and go from our work and shopping in comfort so far as puDitc transportation is concerned or can be given. D. D. WALLACE. Demoeratle AUministratloa Analysed and Evident Drfrcta Noted. PORTLAND. Jan. 25. (To the Ed- Utor.) Some time ago The Oregonian Twenty-Five Years Ago. From Th Oraironiaa Jan. 27, ISM. Washington Civil Service Comrals- did me tbe kindness to print what was I sioner Roooevelt has submitted to the intenqea as a criticism ol the Admin-I run committee report on ine recent istration, especially of its foreign pol- investigation Into alleged violation of icy, in which r commended the conduct tbe civil service law ln the Isrw York of Mr. Roosevelt's Administration. Custom-House just prior to tbe last when, lo, and behold, one of my Repub- Presidential election. Mr. 1 Roosevelt 11 can atandpat friends opened up on points out that in some places attempts me with his heavy guns for my poor I were made, with varying dearees or mead of praise for the Colonel. I success, to evade the law. In ether To any one havins- his ear to the departments be said the law had been ground it Is apparent that whether the I kept In latter and spirit and there was colonel comes back or not, there Is go- no lapse into political coercion on ing to be a change. This is not be- I spoliation basis. The report brought cause of anything against Mr. Wilson. I out that them was soma evidence that for the mass of the people believe him I in the .'w Tork campaign the policy to be. on the sqi'Rre. But there is an I was, "It Is better to pay." The report undercurrent of dissatisfaction with I says: "It is probably safe to say u per the party in power with the party. I cent of the money collected for politl- mlnd you. Employment la scarce, while I cal purposes from minor Government lowering the tariff hasn't lowered the employee represents so much black price ot living to any extent. I mall. When the President took office he I announced that he could not be I The home of Z. M. llrown. clerk of bothered with questions of patronage. I Crook County, was burned a few days In this he was to be commended, for I ago. The loss is $2000. with no Insur- the President is not only the leader of lance. his party, but, more than this, the head I of the Nation. In years past the Presi dent's time has been mainly taken up with finding places as a reward for po- Mltical service and little time was found for the broad questions of states manship. Unfortunately Mr. Wilson la at odd already with the Senate over what they jealously guard as their prerogative. The , civil service came to the front In Mr. Cleveland'a Administration. All honor to him. To a large extent it has removed tbe effeota of the spoils sys tem. It haa created honesty and competency in the public service. Al ready there has been (I say has been, for there are jealous public servants on guard who hava prevented the in justice) a tendency to do away with the civil service or overcome Its pro visions. Witness the Postmaster-Gen- A petition from C. H. Presrott and Ellis O. Hughes asking the right to lay water mains In Irvtngton. east ot Four teenth street, waa read and referred to the committee on such matters at the meeting of the Albina Council Ian night. Dr. N. 8. Spinney has purchased prop erty to the amount of HiOO In Albina during the laat week. Mrs. E. R. Thompson and !. Thomp son, mother and aon of J. T. Thompson, have arrived from Iowa and will make their future home here. L. K. Cogswell, livestock rancher, of Chchalls, crossed the Columbia on tbe ice Saturday evening. The engagement of Goorgo Vander- eraj'a order requiring all fourth-ciaHs b)u n(J 1(iry jonptonr Ann, postmasters to take the civil service examination. It la clear that, all things being equal, as between a Democrat and a Republican, the Democrat would gain the position aa a result of such an examination. There have been attempts at a ten ure of office which amounts to put ting the service back on a spoils basis. what sort of service do you suppose, for instance, the public would got If the railway mail service were turned out every few years with a change In party? These men put In long hours dale, S. C, la not surprising, according to the newspaper paragraphia, lln mat her on Bcaucatchcr Mountain, they re call. Charles Begnett. R. IL Constan. Mii-a Campbell. Miss Price. .Major Weed. Percy Harris and Mrs. !. T. Merrill were the prlaewinnnrs at the Saul a Rosa Park and Astoria real ecteta company's masquerade ball last night. The seats for the opening of Marquam Grand Theater will ba the tue- !ll"tr.1-h?"rf "J!rf.'.,l."1''.B.l,"JJ tioned this atternoon at Masonic Hall around the holidays. They put many years of hard study to make themselves competent. Their work. In a measure, has unfitted them for other work on the outside. Would it not be by A. B. Rlchardeon. Emma Juch will be heard In grand English opera ai tht inaugural entertainment. Fred V. llolman. the attorney. I busy nuniberinu a recant purcbas of far better in appointing postmasters for some 1000 worth of law books, chiefly inw iiigiicr uiiiuen. an uiinsa ocina i Eastern reports. equal, mat mene men do cnosen cording to competency and good be havlor? . Let us take a look at the consular and diplomatic services. In Europe Japan and other first-class countries men In these cervices are appointed uccesstvely from the lowest to the next higher, determined by their fit ness and experience. In tho t nited States men havo been appointed a reward for political nervier, and not for bility. However, during tho years when McKinley, Roosevelt and Taft were in office, as a result of the labors of Mr. Root an attempt was mado to ulld up these services commensurate with the greatness of this Nation. Moat first-class countries allow their era bassies adequate salaries, allowances for state entertainments, and furni-sh their own embassy buildings. As a re suit their public servants abroad are no disadvantage. In this country owever able a man may be, pnlesa he EFFECT OX MO PA1 MUX C ITK.W. Mrretear Company !:ple Xirmrt Aa Factor In Jitney Aaveal. POKTLA.ND. Jan. 21 (Te tho Edi tor.) Nut in tlelenea of tlie roitland Kuilway, Light t l'owcr Company do I wish to make soma comment on tliu mui h-ta'kid-of jitney bus, bill on b half of the employes of tho arovs com pany and it Is tny desire to hava thn good people of Portland look at Ilia situation In a fair, square light and tako Into consideration the fct that the Portland Railway. Li k' lit at Power Compiiny has spent, agliroximatcly uou.ul'O in tliu erection of power planl-. sub stations, carbarn, offices ami equipment, all of which necessitate the employment of everal tliouraiid employes, men ami women, and It Is a, foregone conclusion that any curtail ment of the eurnlngs of this company will rertalnlv result lit tliA l.'ivlntr off as a personal income he Is uuablo tonf t-mnlo es or a serious reduction in fill a position of trust and honor. I their salaries. Hut there Is method to Mr. nryan a v- ali know It to be a fu t that tho madness. His zeal to reward his comuanv is confronted on all sides hv It does seem "tough" to be obliged to pay a license for keeping a dog; but it comes cheaper in the end, for the poundmaster is a man without a heart. The old-fashioned mother who does not want her young ones to "kpow too much of their lnsides' will have a voice ln the teaching of physiology. Senator Langguth's bill allowing women to serve or decline jury duty at their pleasure will never get by the Supreme Court if It becomes law. friends is certainly commendable, but it makes an honest American bluph with shame the way the service is be. ing used not as a position of trtiKt, but to exploit a poor helpless country like San Domingo for reward laws, rules and regulations In which tliey havo no voice, now. for Instance, they are forcod to operate cars during hours, both day and liiKht. and on linen through sparsely settled districts at a, dead loxs to themselves which reriounda Will the Republican party go hack to the benefit of tlielr employes; they into power? Tes. If It puts up the right men, with clean hands and clean hearts. WILLIAM A. WILLSH1RE. PATRONAGE FIGHT IS IRRITATING. Suggestion Is Made to Take Away Priv ilege Now Yeatcd In henatc. PORTLAND, Jan. 23. (To tho Edl tor.) The question of Senate preroga tives discussed by a correspondent con-1 surcjy result In the reduction of tho pay a license for earn. car. bridge toll, street maintenance and alro tuxes tt the city, county anil state. Now comet the jitney an a competitor for bulnHs which employs no help, pay no license, bridge tolls, street maintenance or tn-c and Is operating at will, taking thr only profitable business there Is from the Portland Railway, Light Tower Company, which Is unjust and will sidered from a speculative or a theoret- present forc of employes or a decided ical standpoint is subject to some dif- cut in their already smull salaries, feronce of opinion. However, since the i gather from the New Year' edi Constltutlon has given the Senate the tIon of The Oregonian that tho annual authority or privileges complained of, payroll of the Portland Railway, Light it would seem the part of wisdom or & Power Company la nearlv two and n propriety for the President to respect half million dollars, which is turned said privileges and others as well. Un- hack Into tho business channels of til lawfully abolished or modified, as Portland. history shows, the said body is tcnu- At present the Portland Rallwav. clous of Its privileges, and as a rule Light & Power Company Mill furnish can block any attempt to override them transportation from Mllwaukie to e't. and do damage or mischief to the of- Johns for 5 cents and they also go Into fender in return, to consequent Injury all carta of tiie cltv and furnish caunl otten or pupuu pusiness. j ne poncy ot facilities to all patrons. If wa are go- Bryan's prompt evasion in the sus pension of American exequaturs by Germany is merely another feat by the greatest little evader of all time. Bingham's bill for a new compensa tion law has the merit of proposing a board of one commmissioner, and therein lies a saving at the start. The proposal to collect rent for space beneath sidewalks is a joke, but in line with schemes to get more money to be spent by officialdom. This generation that has been listen ing to tradition of a solid Willamette may see a realization if the weather people do not relent. If you are unable to afford a car and persist in going to the auto show, be sure to take your guardian along. The appeal is irresistible. January popularly is held to be Thaw time, but there is a maasure of comfort ln knowledge the month is near its end. Today is open day for sportsmen at Salem and the Senate killed the anti lobby bill yesterday for the purpose clty. However, there is some doubt. In Ob Bombarding; a City. HOLBROOK, Or.. Jan 24. (To the Editor.) My father says that if some of the German warships intended to bombard London there is a law that they would have to let London authori ties know before they fire away. My neighbor says the Germans could shoot away without letting them know. Who is right? Under the international agreements of The Hague tribunal, any hostile power which was a party to The Hague agreements would be expected to not! fy any unfortified city before bom bardlng it. This would be to allow the noncombatants time to flee. An enemy would not be expected necessarily to ncify a fortified city. London cannot properly be regarded as a fortified probably. The battle line yawns except for ar tillery firing, designed, doubtless, to keep the frost out of the big field guns. the light of events, whether The Hague agreeraeiitSsare binding ln fact. The free textbook plan is not popu lar and if the Senate agrees with the House there will be little grief over the loss. Russia has ordered 1,000,000 horse, shoes in America. Probably for use b the Russian infantry. The head trusty in the County Jail merely left an opening for his understudy. John Barleycorn has been given the cold shoulder by Iceland. Tou auto see the show. Rain is coming. Majority and Plurality. LEABURG, Or., Jan. 24. (To the Edi tor.) Will you give me the address of a paper devoted to the interests of the umbering business on the Coast? Also, what is the difference between ma jority and plurality as applied to the election of officers. A SLBSCRIBER. Tho Timberman, Portland, Or. If, in a total of 95,000 votes cast, for instance, A receives 0,000, B 30,000 and C 13,000, then A's majority is 5000; that the excess over the total vote of B and C. But if in a total of 95,000 vote cast A receives 45,000, B '20,000 and C 20,000, then A receives a plurality (that is. a total larger than any competitor) of 15.000. In this latter case A does not receive a majority, properly speaking. If only two candidates are contesting, a majority is likewise a plurality, gen erally speaking A majority is any number greater Uiaii half the wiio;$. I President Roosevelt to respect the Sen ate's said privilege so far as the sug gested appointees under it are good men. seems the wiser policy by far, and whatever other troubles he had with Congress it doubtless saved him much trouble in this respect. Whatever the prospects or the merits of the contention, it is unfortunate that tbe Senate is so great a beneficiary in the matter that it is not probable It will agree soon, if ever, to submission of art amendment taking away the said power. Therefore, having a general conventlpn of the states seems the only recourse ln the matter, the securing of which, however, would doubtless be tedious or long-winded process and would perhaps require a question of more general or stirring Interest to secure it. Then, too, there la a general distrust or uncertainty of a convention with vast or unlimited powers of Initiative among the more conservative elements. Yet some auch procedure may become advisable in those matters or provisions wnicn py tne terms ot tne Instrument lisen are anucuii or prac tically impossible of amendment. J. TYLER. Law for Women Workers. PORTLAND, Jan. 25. (To the Ed itor.) What is the new law in regard to hours and wages of women employed in restaurants and hotels? N. M. The general laws of Oregon require: (1) That no adult woman (over IS years old) shall be employed In any In dustry at a weekly wage less than J8.25. (2) That no woman shall be employed more than 54 hours ln one week, or be forced to work more than 10 hours In any one day. (3) That no women workers shall be employed later than S:30 o'clock at night, not applying to telephone or tel- raph employes, or employes in con fectionery establishments, restaurants or hotels. Ing to have the jllm-y is It not rlht that Mllwaukie, SI. Johns and all other parts of the city that are not now served ty the jitney should have tha benefit of a competing line. A. C DICKSON. FOLK DANCE CRITICS AXIWEBGII Terpsleaorean Training for Young HeM Natural Expreaslou of Joy. PORTLAND, Jan. 23. (To the Edi tor.) A few days ago tha Metliodlat ministers of Los Angeles conferred with the Board of Education to protest against folk dancing and other terpsi- chorean activities In the public schools. the specific objection In the ministe rial protest being "rhythmical dancinli. called folk dancing, and other exer cises that expose the persons of little girls and misses contrary lo that mod esty of deportment and refinement of spirit that give womanhood Its great est charm, should bo abolished." To dance Is one of tbe first things a chtiil does. The mood Is expressed In the terms of the dance. If one will observa a little' child at play or chasing but. terflies It will be seen that every ati and combination of steps known to choreography are effected at some. tlma during that Play. Dancing la synonymous with happlnesa and Joy. No one who can really dance can tc bad. Dancing is the laughter of the body. and a true laugh emanatei from the heart. The chief objection that the minis terial aasociation haa to dancing la that it exposes the person of little girls and misses. Instead of doing away with the dance, clothes that prevent a little girl or miss from using her body should be abandoned FANNIE HA RLE Y. No Indemnity Asked. BRIDAL VEIL. Jan. 25. (To the Ed. Itor.) Please inform a few interested readers through your valuable and re liable columns: (1) If these United States ever demanded and received a cash war Indemnity, if so where and how much? (2) How much did she pay Spain for the Philippines? A CONSTANT READER. 1 No. 2. At the close of the Spanish-Ameri can war the treaty signed at Paris December 10. 1898, provided for a pay. ment of f20.000.000 to Spain for re. linquishing claim to Porto Rico, Guam and Philippine Islands, and a subse quent tready of November 7, 1900. pro vlded for a further payment of $100,001 j for other Philippine islands. I Reaching People Where They Live ! "We are preaching the gospel of reaching people where they live that's why so many of our accounts are going into the newspapers." This frank statement was recent, ly made by one of the leading ad vertising agents of the country. He hit the nail right on tha head. The newspapers not only reach people where they live, but they come day in and day out, and are always welcome. There Is no means of advartls Ing that equals newspaper advertising. r 1.