TITE BIOTtNITS'G OREGONTA!?. TOTTRSDAY. JANUARY 31, 1915.
PORTLAND. OREGON. 1
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JFOBTIAND, THURSDAY. JAN, tl. 1915.
STATES' BIGHTS 1" WAT Kit POWEK.
5 Postponement of action on the pub
lic land leasing bills to the next ses
sion of Congress being now a moral
Jcertainty, there is yet time for the
Western states to marshal their forces
jand to formulate the terms for which
they will contend. The proposition
ithey will be called upon to meet will
probably be clearly defined, for the
Senate committee has already report
ed the waterpower bill with amend
ments and may complete work on the
general leasing bill before Congress
adjourns.
. Senator Smoot has put forward one
plan on behalf of the West, in the
shape of a substitute power site bill.
11. nrnnnBA that land nacessarv to the
development of any power site be pat
ented to the state on application oi me
tare ree-ulative bodv. subject to cer
tain conditions. These are that the
State shall not alienate the title to the
land, but shall retain it for power de
velopment by itself or its lessees, sub
ject to state and Federal laws regulating-
rates and service; that each tract
Khun r.o rlfvntpd Drimarilv to power
development and shall not be used for
any purpose conflicting tnerewnn,
that all power thus generated shall be
subject to state regulation, or, in case
Interstate commerce becomes involved,
subject to Federal regulation, and
shall not become the subject of com
bination in violation of state or Fed
eral anti-trust laws; that power com
nonlea shall not be earjitalized above
the cash investment, and, in the event
of transfer to a state or municipality,
the price shall not exceed the cash
investment.
Disposal of the land by the states
In violation of these terms causes for
feiture of patent, for which the Attorney-General
must sue. The Secre
tary of the Interior must make rules
to carry out the laws. Nothing in the
bill is to be construed as affecting- the
state's control over water-rights.
While the ultra-conservationists
may be expected to oppose this bill
so bitterly that Its adoption is improb
able, it serves the useful purpose of
bringing to the front the outstanding
fact which the Pinchot crowd and the
advocates of the Ferris bill have per
iatantiv miarierl Into the background.
This fact ia the at least equal right of
the states to aeciae me terms on
which waterpower shall be developed,
a cnAat mfllnrfiv nf nower sites are
worthless for any other purpose, being
In rocky canyons or on oiner uarreu
ground. Hence they derive their value
from the water. Power cannot be de
veloped without use of adjoining land.
Hence one is necessary to the other.
Were the land and the water each
owned by an individual of ordinary
business sense, either party would sell
to the other or they would agree as
partners on the terms of a lease to a
third party and on a division of the
rent between them. But Congress, as
owner of the land, says In effect: "We
will fix the terms and unless you
agree to them, your power Bhall not
be developed."- When the state pro
tests that, as owner of the water, it
has a right to an equal voice in deciding-
the terms. Congress says: "You
are not competent to manage your
own property. We must act as your
guardians, lest you give it away or mis
manage it or permit it to fall into the
bands of a monopoly."
This comes from a body which has
prodigally given away and wasted Its
substance in the shape of public land
and which was brought to a halt in its
reckless course chiefly by the protests
of the states over which it now at
tempts to exercise guardianship. Those
states, too, are the foremost in pre
venting within their own borders the
very eviU which have followed the
action of Congress and from which
Congress now professes a desire to
protect them. The attitude of Con
gress resembles a lecture on thrift
Irom a spendthrift.
The fair arrangement would be for
the Government to agree with the
states, individually or collectively, on
terms of waterpower development
Congress might, after agreement with
representatives of the interested
states, pass a law authorizing the
Secretary of the Interior to join the
several states in making joint leases
of power and power sites within their
borders. While it may be impossible
to carry out this plan and while an
attempt to force its adoption would
probably prevent action of any kind, it
should be possible to make a closer
approach thereto than is made by the
Ferris bill.
A decided advance in that direction
has been made by the Senate commit
tee through the insertion of a proviso
that no lease shall be granted until
the applicant has obtained the neces
sary water right from the state. An
other amendment permits a lessee to
make contracts extending beyond the
term of his lease upon approval by the
Public Service Commission of the state
Instead of upon approval by the Sec
retary of the Interior. These exam
ples show a stronger disposition in the
Senate than in the House to recognize
the rights of the tate. By persevering
along the same line, the Western states
may succeed In procuring passage of
a workable law which will fairly rec
ognize their true status as owners of
the water.
WISCONSIN IDEA rXBEB ITRE.
War has been declared on "the Wis
consin idea" by Governor Phtlipp, the
newly-elected stalwart Governor of
Wisconsin, and his supporters In the
Legislature. For the first time since
the rise of Senate La Follette the pro
gressive Republicans have lost control
of the state, and attack is to be direct
ed at the measures which they have
passed.
One of the principal objects of at
tack is the Legislative Reference Bu
rean, which, is termed a "bill factory"
by its opponents, but which has been
Aniaii hv TUinnia nnrl other states. It
is denounced as a clearing-house for
radical Ideas, its officials being always
on the lookout for new wrinkles in
legislation, always ready to put a new
idea in the shape of a bill and to work
tt- thennp-h tha T.ectSlAtUre.
i nofiindpra nt th hureau nronounce
It a mainstay oi democracy, uuuma
farmers and busmes men on an equal
ity with lawyers among legislators and
Hmftint- hills so skilfully that lawyers
find trouble in picking flaws.
Governor pnuipp-proposes mai mo
bureau's reference library be turned
over to the state law library and that
the burequ be abolished. He charges
that it has exercised undue influence
n ia(iatiAii arA has mi nerseded in
dividual legislative study. The La Fol-
lette men are up in arms in its aeienae
and claim enough votes in the Senate
to defeat its' enemies.
The value of such a bureau for the
purpose of collating information and
- HfHna hflle Is nhvlnilSl . but the
impetus given to the progressive move
ment by Mr. La Follette's driving force
seems to have reacnea me uureau m
Tl7faftsn1n anil tn hava riven it the
character of a radical lobby. If such
an institution can be restricted to its
n.m ,m.rfms It will hn a useful
adjunct to any Legislature, for it may
prevent ill-dlgestea legislation aim
much consequent imgauon
WITH ULTERIOR MOTIVES.
Of course the state was told that there
was no ulterior design in the effort to make
Selling of Multnonah County Speaker of the
inwr umiRp No. nf course not. But it is a
coincidence that nearly all the best chair
manships and the plums that the Speaker
has at his disposal went to the members of
the Multnonah delegation. Perhaps the state
will learn sometime. Eugene uuuu.
Perhaps the Lane County paper
will learn some time to choose its
language with greater care. What
ulterior designs does it pretend to
think Speaker Selling and the Multno
mah County delegation may have?
Does an earnest desire to reduce state
taxes, and so far as legislation will
permit ail taxes, come within the
Guard's insulting definition of the
purposes of the members from the
largest county in Oregon?
The Oregonian has a notion that
Speaker Selling feels a heavy sense of
responsibility to the public for the re
demption of pledges made by all
members of the House during the
campaign, and that he has used his
best Judgment, without regard to geo
graphical considerations, in so organ
izing the committees that results will
be obtained. Take the ways and
means Committee, for example. Its
chairman Is a very capable Portland
business man, with previous Legisla
tive experience. He understands
finance, public and private. He will
want to know all about every proposal
for every appropriation, and he will
not act until he is informed. We are
sure that he was made chairman be
cause he was thoroughly equipped for
the job, and for no other reason, for
he was one of the Multnomah Legis
lators originally opposed to the Speak
ership candidacy of Mr. Selling and
voted for him finally only because
Mr. Selling was the delegation's choice.
Can our complaining contemporary
at Eugene suggest a better nomination
for the chairmanship than Mr. Cobb,
of Multnomah?
LIGHT ON" ROADS FROM YAMHUL.
The Oregonian has a letter today
from a Yamhill County farmer, Mr.
Hurner, who tells why the Grange
and its associated bodies are opposed
to state aid for roads. One reason is
in essence that the funds of the state
are to be used for paving main thor
oughfares, and another Is that gravel
roads are good enough and the county
courts know how- to build them better
than our State Engineer.
It is obvious that our Yamhill friend
thinks the problem is completely
solved when there is a passable local
road to the county seat or any conven
ient market, and that he is not con
cerned about any other part of the
county or state. The roads that are
good enough for Yamhill County arf
good enough for anybody, whether or
not they co-ordinate with a general
road system and whether or not any
other county thinks It can build better
and cheaper roads.
The view of our Yamhill friend is
shared by many too many others.
We think it is not the enlightened or
the economical view. But we shall not
now argue the matter with him, but
we shall turn the discussion over to
another Yamhill County authority
the same county court our correspond
ent lauds as competent to handle the
whole road situation.
County Judge Pearce, of Yamhill,
has a letter in The Oregonian today,
in reply to State Engineer Bowlby's
strictures of former methods of bridge
construction in that county. It is a
moderate and reasonably convincing
statement. Three bridges built in
Yamhill, under the direction of the
State Engineer, are, says the Judge,
very good." He adds: ve heartily
believe in the utility of county bridge
direction by the Highway Commission;
the value of it appears to be demon
strated."
We hope Mr. Hurner and all others
who think with him will get a copy
of the State Engineer's recent report,
and read it carefully. They will know
more then about what it is proposed
to do through state aid and what Is
being done now. The chief object is
to save the farmer money.
THE ROCKEFELLER FO"D.
The general education board which
administers the immense Rockefeller
fund has issued an interesting report
of its standing and projects. In a
large way the board aims to control
the higher education in the United
States. This it seeks to accomplish by
supporting the colleges which come up
to its requirements and discouraging
those which do otherwise. By the
systematic pursuit of this plan there
Is no reason, we suppose, why collegi
ate and university education through
out the United States should not ulti
mately be brought under the direction
of the Rockefeller representatives.
They may find it a little dlflcult to
control the state universities which
depend directly upon popularly grant
ed funds, but even here they are not
without good prospects. They can by
their benefactions draw off the best
teaching ability into private institu
tions and thus, as it were, reduce the
state universities by the process of in
tellectual starvation. The power of
the Rockefeller board is already very
extensive and it is constantly growing.
Any central body which perpetually
gains influence and never loses any
must ultimately possess universal do
minion in its particular field.
The board's report touches upon a
variety of profoundly important topics.
It has gathered, for instance, a great
mass of information as to the area
from "Which each college draws its stu
dents. As a rule, this territory is as
tonishingly narrow. We are accus
tomed to think of Harvard, Columbia
and Cornell as National institutions,
but even they are really local to a
great extent. "The circle," says the
board, "from which a college chiefly
obtains its students is rarely zu mues
and often not over 100 miles, in diam
eter. This marked tendency is equally
strong- in all parts of the country."
Whitman College ia mentioned
among- those which has somewhat
transcended local limitations, but for
all that it obtains 44 per cent of its
students within a radius of fifty miles.
Even Yale, broad as ita influence is
supposed to be, gets 47 per cent of its
students from within one nunarea
miles of its campus.
BABIES IS HARNEY COIN TV.
If all accounts are true there Is some
thing very much like an epidemic of
rabies among the coyotes in Harney
County. The director of the state bac
teriological laboratory, J. Shelley Saur-
man, has made a trip to that section
and found conditions which threaten
the safety of stock and human beings,
The coyotes attack dogs running at
large and subsequently the dogs attacn
men. Cattle have also been bitten by
the rabid animals with fatal effect.
In the brains of animals which per
ish of rabies certain minute foreign
bodies can usually be detected by bac-
terlologists. These are mentioned as
"negri bodies" by Professor Saurman
in a letter to a local paper. He has
found them in the brains of several
coyotes in Harney County. They were
also detected in the brains of some of
the cattle which had been bitten by
the rabid coyotes and died ' a little
later. Hence there is little doubt that
the disease so prevalent in that part
of the state is genuine rabies.
Of course it is liable to spread indis
criminately. There is little or no re
straint upon vagrant dogs. They can
go wherever they like and attack cat
tle or men at their own pleasure.
Rabies appears to be endemic among
the coyotes. From them it-is dissemi
nated among the dogs and thence it
passes to stock and men. Dr. Saurman
believes that the first step towara
eradicating the disease would be to
extirpate the coyotes, which would of
course require concerted action be
tween several counties. Almost equal
ly important is the extirpation of va
grant dogs.
Granting all that Is commonly
claimed for the utility of dogs, there
is still no reason why they should be
permitted to wander at will over the
country disseminating disease. In the
rural districts they should be strictly
confined to their owners' premises.
When abroad either in town or coun
try they shculd be muzzle.. This
seems to be Dr. Saurman's opinion and
he is supported by every consideration
of comomn sense and humanity. It is
time that pity for -dogs gave way to
pity for human beings.
NEW YORK AND CARUSO.
New York quivers on the brink of
a frightful calamity. There Is ap
palling danger that she may lose her
beloved Caruso. The mellifluous tenor
has a standing agreement with the
wicked authorities of Monte Carlo
that whenever they want him he shall
hie him to that sink of iniquity and
sing- for the lost souls within its pur
lieus. The transition from the purely
virtuous atmosphere of New York
would be sure to kill Caruso, or at
least blight the beauty of his divine
voice. So his adorers say, and their
wails over his approaching departure
rend' high heaven. '
New York does not really care for
Caruso except in one particular. He
Is the highest-priced singer on eartn
just now and for that reason our art-
loving metropolis cannot stand it to
think of losing him. If he charged
some thousands less for his perform
ances his departure would be borne
with the greatest resignation. His
voice does not count at all in the mat
ter except as a sort of screen for the
more important matter of nightly sal
ary. It is the tenor's earning capacity
that fascinates New York.
Monte Carlo is almost the only spot
In Europe just now where grand opera
seems likely to pay. There is some
attempt at it in Petrograd, but the
music is said to be sadly diluted witn
drums and trumpets. The four Prus
sian royal operas are running feebly
on salaries of $25 a month to the prin
cipal singers. ' This is perhaps as
much as anybody deserves for singing
Wagner, but the artists do not thrive
uDon it. They wait and tearfully pray
for better times. Paris cannot have
any more music until the men come
home from the war and the Italians
are too much taken up with military
preparations to think of warbling.
So for the present Monte carlo is
the only place where Polyhymnia can
rest the sole of her weary foot- The
opera managers in the depraved little
principality are speculating as to tne
possibilities of a season with blood
flowing all around them. Hence they
have summoned Caruso and hence also
New York's sobs and wails.
WHAT IS GAINED BY THE RAID?
wviaf -miiitni-v mimosa did the Ger
mans gain by their aerial raid over
the eastern counties of England? They
killed a shoemaker and a boy, wound-
l a few people, wrecitea or aamageu
raw Virmsa nnrl disturbed the slum
bers of many persons. It is not ap
parent that they Injured any military
or naval base or wounded a soldier or
any man of the navy. If the Ger
mans bombs were aimea at armeo
forces or at military structures, either
they are bad marksmen or good aim
from a swiftly moving airship or
aeroplane on a dark night is Im
possible. On the other hand, what have they
lost? Whatever their enemies gain
In knowledge or military strength is a
loss to the Germans. The British, by
this raid, have gained experience in
meeting such attacks. By the proof
thus furnished that attacks from the
air are possible, their sense of secur
ity has been shaken and they will rush
to arms with greater alacrity. The
relatively slight injury done by the
Germans will calm the Britons' fears
of such raids and thus render them
less susceptible to panic. This raid
and that, against the northeast coast
have probably done as much to swell
the ranks of Kitchener's army as
would a conscription law. It has
stirred the fighting spirit in men wno
have the will to fight, while conscrip
tion forces many unwilling fighters
into the ranks.
This new violation of the rules of
war haa helped to justify the epithet
"Huns," which ia applied to Germany's
soldiers by the British. The obliga
tions of belligerents as defined by the
Hague treaty were set at naught in
several particulars. Enemy's property
was destroyed, though "such destruc
tion" was not "imperatively demand
ed by the necessities of war." No no
tice was given of the bombardment, so
far as the dispatches reveal, and no
steps were taken "to spare buildings
dedicated to religion, art, science or
charitable purposes, historic monu
ments, hospitals or places where the
sick and wounded are collected." When
measured by the standards set up at
The Hague and by the military results
attained, the raid was an act of wan
ton barbarism.
The defense will doubtless be made
that the allies have done the same
thing. That "you're another" argu
ment merely goes to show that the
longer the war continues the deeper
will become the oblivion in which will
sink all restraints imposed by human
ity and the greater will become Eu
rope's lapse into barbarism. The way
to prevent such dire consequences ia
not to imitate a violation of the rules
of war, but to expose, to denounce and
to refuse to imitate it.
What with the proposed embargo
on wheat and other things there will
be little left for the American pro
ducer to do for the next few years but
fold his hands and smile. Since he is
not to be allowed to sell anything it
will be folly for him to go to the
trouble of producing anything. We
can all live by admiring each other's
devotion to the cause of peace.
There is an agitation for the in
crease of tuition fees at Harvard. The
plea Is that students are all the time
getting more for their money and
hanna ahtulo- nav mom We dOUbt it.
The university is bigger than it was
in Edward Everett's day, but students
get no more in their course than he
did, probably not so much If we count
only real values.
The sad case of the- Doukhobor col
onists not far from Eugene contains a
lesson for Oregon. These excellent
nonnia came from Canada, investing
their all in 1000 acres of land sup
posed to be fertile. It turned out to
be worthless for grain crops. As
inn, ah 'nnlnnlstjt have this kind of
experience Oregon will call vainly for
population".
rwao-nntans will he interested to
know that Tasmania has 25,000 acres
of apple orchards. The fruit isshipped
to England, India and the United
States. The unsalable apples are
made Into jams and Jellies, which are
also exported. This is pretty well for
an Island which, within living mem
ory, was a convict settlement. .
A fisheries commission has made
discovery that white men are demoral
Mnir the. Aleut. nsDeciallv the female
of the species. This is shocking. So
it was ages ago, when other good men
mnlA cimflap rlisonverv. The OnlV
remedy is to" keep the white out of that
reeion. and it seems strange noDoay
thought of it before.
Are American ideals worth fighting
for? Washington and Franklin
thnncrht thev were. Some of our pa
cificists think not. They wish to meet
the invader, when he comes, with sub
missive meekness and love. &o me
lamb meets the wolf. Wolves and
rattlesnakes are not much softened by
love as a rule.
wncinnrl turns down a irood man
when she rejects Vice-Consul Cutrlght
on the pretense of Deing a uerman
sympathizer. As a newspaper man he
had opinions and expressed them,
something he could not avoid. Great
Britain should consider his training
and discount what he said at tne rate
of 16 to 1.
Tha Stars and Stripes seem to be
coming down altogether too often.
By and by some dinky repuDiic to me
r.nth will trv it: then this country will
awalra an rl make an awful example.
Meanwhile the big nations will ao as
thev Dlease, knowing Uncle Sam is
easy during this cycle.
James E. Godfrey was a good citi
zen and a good printer, and was as
well a good Democrat, in that he was
a consistent party man. He win be
missed by those who valued his friend
ship, for it had the true ring.
A law may be passed permitting all
war veterans to fish free. So there's a
fresh inducement to go to the front-
If you escape the enemy's bullets why
you'll save a dollar a year in iisning
licenses later on.
Whether an asDointee shall serve
t-ain veara nr four is mere matter or
opinion of the appointing power. Only
the people apply tenure to office, and
they tie a string to it in thi3 state.
rn, -Dfittah Vi a uo na nt 11 rerl another
American vessel and hauled down the
Stars and Stripes. Oh, do be careful.
What if our State Department should
get peeved! '
Mr. Wilson is developing into a great
marf. He objects to naming the White
House baby for him, insisting on giv
ing the "kid" a chance.
Santo Domineo banking Institutions
are "discussing ways to get Bryan's ear.
The principal discussion out this way
is how to get his goat.
wr nrflers for millions of feet of
Oregon timber again prove the saw
that it is an 111 wind that blows no
good.
Wo in inclined to-belleve the typi
cal Western Oregonian prefers the
rain to this clear, sharp cold.
Doc Osier will go4to the front as a
surgeon. He shoB?ld be assigned to the
landsturm as anesthetist
Villa, it is reporte'd, has abandoned
Mexico City. Now if he would only
abandon Mexico.
Of course if you really want your
measure to get through let Miss Towne
introduce it.
China has consented to pay heavy
indemnity. Moral: Keep your fighting
men in trim.
Paris, too, is pulling down the blind
to shut out the inquisitive German
airmen.
Will the bars follow the banks in
placing discount on Canadian silver?
And now the Legislature has its coat
off and its ax sharpened. 8o beware.
. Wheat is dropping. So we may be
able to eat bread more freely again.
King George may have to take to
the storm cellar of the palace.
It is now up to British airmen to go
after the Kaiser.
' The Jitney bunch grows faster than
a boil. -
Half a Century Ago.
From The Oregonian of January 21, !.
Since the election, not all the Dem
ocratic papers in the land have con
tinued the factious, miserable abuse of
the Administration that characterised
the conduct of so many before the
election. Such papers as the National
Intelligencer and the Louisville Jour
nal, while not agreeing with President
Lincoln, now advocate the plan of aid
ing cordially ir supporting the war
measures of the President.
Olympian Governor Pickering sailed
yesterday for Victoria on his way to
Washington City.
John S. Love, one of the County
Commissioners of Jackson County, has
deposited with the Treasurer of the
state the taxes of Jackson County for
1863 and 1864. Jackson County now
has about $10,000 legal tenders and
15000 in gold deposited to her credit
on account of her taxes due for 1863
and 1864.
A Vicksburg "paper says: "The resi
dence of Mrs. Lucy Davis, a sister-in-law
of Jeff Davis, was most beauti
fully illuminated lately in honor of the
election of Abraham Lincoln as Presi
dent of the United States.
Salem. George Beal and G. Baker,
arrested for the murder of Daniel De
lany, were examined yesterday before
Justice of the Peace Hatch and com
mitted to answer at the next term of
the Circuit Court. Forty-eight wit
nesses were examined, and their tes
timony formed a chain of circumstan
tial evidence almost perfect, and hard
ly paralleled in the history of crim
inal trials.
J. W. Jordan, of Portland, and Emily
N. Belt, daughter of Dr. A. M. Belt, of
Salem, were married at Salem at the
home of the bride's father, January 17.
Right Rev. Bishop Scott officiated.
At the exhibition of the Portland
Academy and Female Seminary last
night at the Methodist Episcopal
Church diplomas were presented to W.
B. Lasswell and W. T. Wright, who
have graduated with honor. Judge E.
D. Shattuck presented the diplomas.
EQUAL BIGHTS WOMAN'S DBMAJTO
Special Privileges In Jnry Iluty Not
Desired, Sayu One.
PORTLAND. Jan. 20 (To the Edi
tor.) It was a surprise to many of u
women of Portland to learn, through
the papers today, that we were seek
ing special favors in the Juror's bill
rather than righteous legislation.
As one who has been a part of-the
struggle for woman's legal and conse
quently moral and religious freedom, 1
can say that never did 'we plead for
favors or special privileges, but only
for justice.
To demand the ballot because we be
lieved that we should assume the du
ties and responsibilities of government
and then shrink and beg to be excused
from the hard places that are .Involved
in citizenship is childish and weak. The
law has always exempted a certain
class from Jury duty and for real cause
any one can be excused, but to allow
the woman who prefers tne matinee
and Driage to auty oi any aiuu, m ex
cuse nerseu- couia not uo ntiiiu
The sooner we bring women to
knowledge of the science of govern
-n.l nlata 1snon H i h i il 1 1 Afl UDOI
111C11I. " .
them, the better It will be for home
and country both.
The same old arguments against Jury
duty are heard that obtained in the
early days or tne equal suirrage juuvo
ment. We have demonstrated that the
polls can be as orderly as the church
and there is no need for anything to
occur within the precincts of a court
room that would be offensive. There
i- filth,, itulM0nt in th
ia UULIlliig lumj v .....- -
l. I n .1 .nman'a npfinnr in the
law ILBCJl auu ' " . ...
jury box would be beneficial, as it has
been in every puDiic place sne naa ea
.
lei cu.
A ii.x,. haa a sirtlnnrllrl onnortunitv to
serve humanity in the time of greatest
need. wny snouiu wuweu wo wiuui,
from that service?. It has been said
that women are needed on juries wne
n ,t .hjt.i.on arn to hn tried.
say they are just as much needed when
some mother's boy is being tried, for
the mother's viewpoint, the humani
tarian side, has been too often ignored
in our courts. 5
To allow women to excuse themselves
from jury duty would soon bring the
law Into contempt ana maae it a ia
It would be detrimental to woman's
.it.miiuhDrA tor DrPCTon VOmflD
to be made to appear so frivolous and
childish, as they would be when the
news was hearalded abroad that, after
all, they were not willing to become
true citizens: they were not sincere
when they said they wanted to help to
build up righteous government. They
only wanted the ballot to use when it
suited their whims, and preferred priv
ileges and favors rather than rights.
We greatly appreciate S. B. Huston's
. in hahalf of thin nnrl the, Drou-
erty rights bill, but we hope he will
be able to see tnat in an legtsiaiiun
affecting women there is only need for
: .. I j,ieHna Wa womn must Stand
,llllWlu juowv-
as firmly in opposition to sex legisla
tion as we do to class legislation. 1.110
law must apply to all alike if we would
have Justice.
M. L. T. HIDDEN.
BY-PRODUCTS MEETING POSTPONED
Conference With Fruit Orgnnlaatlona
Not to Be Held January zo.
PORTLAND, Jan. 20. (To the Ed-itnr-
t have lust been advised by a
member of the Northwest By-Prod-ucts
Committee of tne postponement of
th. .onfprenee which was to have taken
place in Portland at 10 A. M. Monday.
January 25. between tne Dy-proaucis
committee and all fruit organizations
. u .. xTArthiir&at wishine to consider
the organization of a central selling
agency lor tne purpose ui uiib.cuiiH
the output of the by-products plants
. i nnaraHnn in the North Pacific
States that wish to join the proposed
agency, and of plants that may here
after be formed, this organization to
, - iui.4h1 hnapH of control to en-
110.VC1 -V.l... .
deavor to bring about a standardization
or pacK ana a nign Dimiumu vi
uct by means of general superintend
ence of the output of all plants.
I take this means of notifying all
parties interested in the co-operative
by-products movement of such post-
. . a.ra Vi nin ViA ATnptiaP of
ponemeiiL, iw oo.. " - -
a trip to Portland under the impression
that the meeting wuum jo uwu umu
the date set. It is hoped that the de
, 1 knitno Vi vprv imnortant con
ference, from the growers and by-prod
ucts proaucers point 01 viow, win. u
of short duration.
In this connection I wish to call the
attention of all growers to the follow
ing, Irom an aaaress oy ucuigc
11 1 ,la TviaVi A oririiltiiml
misseii ' : ' . "o-
rtranirntion Society on "The Building
Up of a Rural Civilization":
The fact is that farmers have allowed tne
control of their industry to slip out of their
hands, and they are squeezed because the
. j ..)......' n 1 ... n 1 . nnlnaria fin hll T-
organizeu muuitj j
den on the unorganised. If farmers are to
retain a surplus ot weann oeyoua las
necessities ot life, if they are ever to see
in tha rural districts any of the comforts
and luxuries of the city, they must mske it
their steady, persistent and fundamental
policy to work towards complete control
over the manufacture and sale of all of the
produce of the country-side. Its crops, its
r . --.1 hu m.nnracturina business
connected with these, so that they can act
in their own interests inrousu mir "
agents In distant markets ami push their
produce with the energy of self-interest.
It is interesting to see how closely
these remarks apply to the fruit and
vegetable growers of the Northwest,
nrn-, K v nf thalr most aerioul
consideration. J. F. BATCHELDER. I
COUNTY COURTS ARB DEFENDED.
Errors Admitted, but Similar Mistakes
Are Chanced to Mr. Bowlby.
McMINNVILLE, Or, Jan. 19. (To
the Editor.) We note with Interest the
report of Highway Engineer Bowlby.
covering bridge construction under the
supervision of his office, and his com
parisons of cost under his direction
with that by the courts during former
years. An examination of his criti
cisms of Tamhill County work dis
closes that same, except with reference
to two of the 13 bridges in contempla
tion, do not apply to the present Coun
ty Court.
Some statements giving only a part
of the record are contained In his re
port that reflect upon the various
courts at least that would be the nat
ural inference anyone would draw from
reading same. For example, he says
the records show that the Yamhill
County Court paid the Coast Bridge
Company Sl,500 five months before the
contract was signed with them for the
erection of the Newljer? bridge. The
record from which these figures were
taken also discloses that this payment
covered the purchase of the steel sub
structure and all engineering services
for said bridge; but Mr. Bowlby did not
undertake to indicate all of this.
He also refers to a purchase of what
he calls 8.8 tons of I bars, which lie
says were purchased in November, 1910,
at an excessive cost of $644. Since no
such material was purchased during
1910. we presume he got his wires
crossed and has reference to a pur
chase of 18 13-inch I bars 40 feet long,
and seven 15-inch I bars 30 feet long.
Durchased in February, in. ana ag
gregating 24.2 tons, some of whlcn
never were used and are now set up
in good form on timbers near Dayton,
but not lying "In the grass" as stated
bv him. We are all subject to error,
and the purchase of those never used
Droved to be a mistaae oeyona- dispute.
But no more a mistake than that of his
office failing to check the profile of
our Booth Bend bridge, through which
failure the bridge was, under super
vision of his office, erected 10 feet
higher than necessary at an additional
cost for the substructure and the 1100
feet of approach of perhaps 11000. No
more a mistake than the failure of his
office to nrovide "knee braces In d
siu-ninsr the same bridge, which will
have to be supplied at much additional
expense, and no more a mistake than
the failure of his office to check the
metal entering into the said bridge
whereby, according to his own report.
some of the members are under size.
Much is said in his report about ex
cessive cost in bridges erected in the
past, all of which we believe to Be sub
Ktantlallv correct. For example, li
1910. the first year that steel bridges
were undertaken by Yamlini county, iu
steel bridges were purchased, three of
which, were erected tht summer ana
seven of which were delivered and
erectid the following year. The terms
of office of the three members of that
court have long since expired, but, be
It said to their credit, they were pio
neers in that class of work, steel
bridges were new to them, bridge men
were Drobably pooled and the court did
the best it knew and could under the
circumstances. It was a case of history
repeating Itself as It alway has and
perhaps always will, in that anything
newlv introduced tn a territory is usu
allv without real competition. It will
h remembered that unon the introduc
tion of the twine binder it sold for
about 3350. Now the same machine can
be had anywhere for less than half
that price. Even as glaring a mistake
as anv of these. If they are mistakes,
was made In the cost of the Booth Bend
bridge under Mr. Bowlby's supervision.
taklne his own estimates as appiiea
to other work which he criticises as a
basis, to-wlt:
Contract price for completed bridge. . .7lw
Profile and Inspection 1H
Total su0
('.klimalM.
22H tons structural steel at 3T3
140 vards concrete at l! l;,lu
Krectlng 14 tons tubes at 10 . IfO
i.-rpprinr. 2.'. u. tons suuerst ructure at S-O. -''U
Kxcavallns 81 yards at $1.U3
Floor (material and work)
Pafcnting
in
Tnlll
15 per cent profit f--4('i
excessive cost unuur DU"iu(
As will be seen from the above, the
loss was 40 per cent of the estimated
cost of the Driuge wunoiu inciuuin
sHHitionnl rnsl nf error in heiKhl. and
failure to nrovlda "knee braces." But
Mr. Bowlby, like the various courtB, ia
learning tne eiiic, win, ak-
our other three bridges built under his
supervision, witn tne exception ot jjui
pable, though inconsequential, error in
design, are very good.
We heartily believe in the utility of
county bridge airecuon oy me man
wav f omminsioii: the value of it an
nonm to he fully demonstrated. The
....... ....., fA. .licnnuairtn i the man
at the head of It. We have no fault
to find with Mr. Bowlby's good inten.
tions, but one fault . with him Is that
i i.- An.l Mail tha nvntcrtiita
nilcr lie nave, . . . i . . . ..v
arms of his exalted position about a
bridge joo ne appeals to u,,ic on ...
Ot set llio ueijinu Dei,,, ........
the people and the County Courts who
pay tne Dins; nis tine vl vimi,, . .oo
-i.-., n kaohb nt thA fnmniiin. ordi
nary county official, and the latter are
immeaiateiy in qkhbit oi u.-ih u.
and accidentally trampled upon. "With
a man at the head of the department
with a few of the rough spots polished
off. willing to extend ordinary courtesy
. .i . . . V. .... otmnlnv he 1.4. and DOS'
IU liiuan , a 1 1 . . j . . 'i .
sesslng the requisite ability, we see no
reason wny mucit kuou ii
struction will not flow out of the high
way commission.
....... . . Tl I , 1 . :
County Judge.
MINISTER'S TEXT IS REVERSED
Porkbarrel Brines Swine to Office, Ac
cording to socialist.
PORTLAND. Jan. 20. (To the Ed
itor.) Dr. Loveland, In his recent ser
mon on the "politicians," makes some
very sinniflcant statements regaraing
our political affairs.
He very properly proclaims tne mi
ii.tiua nnri referendum to be "blows
. nniiticnl efficiency" and then pro
ceeds to deplore the condition of the
people under a democracy, certainly,
.k.a th elected officials cannot be
trusted and the people cannot care for
themselves our affairs must be in a
very bad way.
irun. i la teiiA thnr efflclencv. on
account of greed, festers inopportunlty
and misgoverns tne peupie, li. ib ii
. .,,. that the DeoDle cannot be trusted
to care for themselves. In no action
they have taken by the Initiative ana
referendum have they Injured them
selves of sought to reverse their for
mer decision. It Is true that they have
not always acted wisely in deciding
matters to their own interest, but their
decisions have never wrought any In-
:reasea injury except, mat mcj ,iiiki
mnrnve rather than hold their affairs
at a standstill.
If Dr. Loveland would change his
golden text from "As long as we elect
swine to office we will have a pork-
, ,,, .A a - I ... w-vok . nnrli.
Darrei w " " 1 " 1 1 n " - - i
barrel (the profit system) we will elect
swine to office." he would have hit the
nail on the head exactly.
This Government has been trying to
elect efficient men since it was first
founded and the church has been try
ing to make men efficient for 2000
years, and "the old ship of state is
rocking" as never oerora.
Democracy win not commit nan
!..... .... ..in .nm.'H hv no.
Kin. i " 1 1 i " ' - '
lltical firedamp wo will take that
other alternative, Borsa.isra, ana
io doctor's text revisea ana mo oia
iD of state will gall in tranquil wa
ter. C. W. EARZEE.
Twenty-Five Year. Ago.
From Ths Orsgonlsn of January tl. IsW.
Washington A special appropriation
is to be recommended in the House to
care for the Columbia Kiv.-r jetties.
Representative Hermann brought up
the matter yesterday and It is prohabla
those working for the appropriation
for the Missouri Klver work will ally
themselves with the Columbia Blver
improvement advocates.
La Grande The snow blockade on
the I'nlon Pacltic, which has held tho
trains in this vicinity for some dsys.
has been broken ut last and trains
now are pushing their way toward
Tortland; Two deaths occurred on the
trains near Vnlon, Or.
The Portland, Lower Columbia
Eastern Washington Railroad la an as
sured fact. North Yakima has raised
the required 100.000, and It Is an
nounced the work on the road will be
gin at once.
Salem The First Baptist Church of
Sheridan was incorporated today. A.
Gwynn, Dr. John Field and J. K. San
ders, Jr., filing the papers.
The Alblna Courier Is airltatlnff the
question of a high school for that city.
The first installment of the rolling
stock on the cahla road arrived yester
day from 8an Francisco, on tha Plate
of California. Tha cars are about threa
feet longer than the ordinary car and
half the seats are under roof, the others
facing to the outside.
Ed Feurry, an attache ef the Stand
ard Theater, was arrested for snow
balling yesterday on the complaint of a
Salvationist.
A biographer of David Bennett Hill
recalls the fact that the bachelor Gov
ernor never wag fond of girls. He has
always avoided their society and he
has been known to walk around a block
to avoid meeting one.
T. V. Mocmey. of the Editorial Staff
of the Boston Journal, is in the city.
Brigadier-General J. M. Fllln. of tha
Oregon National Guard, granted tha
Oregonian an Interview yesterday tn
which he said the great need of ths
militia was funds.
At the special session of the school
board last night Fred-rlck O. Young,
of Madison, H. D.. was chosen principal
of the High School at a aalary of $2000.
Miss Sabin reported the night school
had grown to the extent that a third
teacher was necessary.
Ira F. Powers yesterday made It
known he favored Salem as the site for
the Reform School.
KARMF.lt -WRITES OX ROAD TAX
Let Handling of Fund Remain Wllfc
Coustr Canrta harm tiraaaer.
CARI-TON, Or., Jan. 18. (To the Edi
tor.) Will you allow a member of the
Grange and an average farmer who
pays his road tn without objection a
few remarks on the proposed 1-mlll
state levy for roads, and your editorial
In Tho Oregonian. January 17. on the
attitude of the Htate Orange and the
average farmer In regard to the same.
We farmers are fully awake to tha
necessity of good roads, so much so In
fact that wo In this community
not only paid our rnsrt tax without
objection, but some farmers have do
nated a week or 10 days' work with n
team in haullnsr gravel last year, and
some of us have already agreed lo do
the same this year. You ssy that the
construrllon of locsl roads Is often at
tended by great waste tharohy Imply
ing that our County Courts ara Incom
petent to expend our road money. ThU
Is where we differ with you. 1 main
tain thitt the County Court or this
county has achieved mom and better
practical reeults with our IHC.onn coun
ty road fund, tlinn our Htate Hlghwsy
Commission has with its entlra J'.
1)00 or more of slate money. Our roa'ls
In this county have Improved at leut
50 per cent m the last eight years; we
can show some a aood ttravel roads
in this county as there are anywhere
and they were built hy the aversRi'
farmer without help from a sclenlillc
State Engineer.
The proposed 1-mlll rosd tax la for
the purpose of paving the Columbia
hiRhwav and other highways of the
slate. If Yamhill should Ket any
part of It It would no clnnht he used to
pave part of the road from Itex to the
Coast through Newberg. MrMlnnvllle
and Sheridan or the l'aclfic Highway
toward Halem. Now these are at pres
ent the best roads In the county and
with tho exception of a riece near
Grand Hondo, for which an appropria
tion of K,000 has recenily been nisde
by tiie County Court lire realy very
Kood gravel roads and I do not think
It good policy to spend. v 000 per
mile, to pave our best ruiuls when we
lack funds to gravel our roads from our
homes to our trading points, do youT
It you really wish to help us build
eur county roads Just propose a slate
tax for roads, the mom-y to ho divided
among the counties In proportion to tho
number of miles of roads In each conn,
ty the money to be expended under
the direction of the County Courts ne
In the past and seo how wc will Jump
at the chance. L- Hl'ltNUK.
HRYAX ti.ini.KS AM RIHS HAM.
Glad to Have 1'ubllc Know He Ap
preciates nervier.
Brooklyn Kagle. Jan. t.".
Secretary of State Bryan seised upon
..t.i;..... hi li.tur to Waller
tne pu Olicn lh.ii v.. ,. ....
W. Vick. seeking information concern
ing available Jobs at v ica s uipui.
a good opportunity to break Into print
and let tho public know that ha be
lieved In rewarding, so far as possible,
all persons who tuke iin Interest In
politics. When asked tooay ii no i....
-t ,,r,n viik's letter, tho
LO tuiltiuMi
Secretary, wearing the famous lryan
smile anil rubbing nis nanus tic. .u..j.
laid -
.,.J 1...... 'Via mlliliC kllOW
l am piau iu " ' ' " v- -
.. . . I-.. uatrvlce of those
mat i upiii co-i-ic -who
work In politics und feel an In
terest in soelnif them rewarded, and
as Mr Vlck received his appointment
for political work. I thought ha was
a good man to address and express my
opinion on the subject."
Other than tne - -"j
. . , on the testimony
wouia nm cum. :. ,
produced at the President Investi
gation Into the Dominican diplomatic
scandal yesterday.
Air of Conviction.
London Tlt-Hlts.
Tho Swanky" One I'm smoklnu a
terrible lot of clirars lately.
The Other (with conviction) loure
Hunt. If that'a one nf them.
The Domestic Problem
Mrs. Jones always looks well
dressed.
Sirs. Rones seldom does.
Yet Mrs. Jones does not spend
half aa much on her attlro as does
her neighbor, Jlrs. Bones.
Perhaps Mrs. Jones has better
tnete the knack of choosing well
but she haa something also knowl
edge. Mrs. Jones realises she must make
her dollars count. Hho llkea to dress
well.
So she never buys until she la
certain.
She knows her needs and she
knows her market and her most
valued guide is the advertising In
this newspaper, of which she la a
f constant reader.