4
UNPREPAREDHESS
SEVERELY SCORED
Representative Gardner Lists
; Ailments Charged to United
':. . ' . States Army.
SHORTAGE IS EVERYWHERE
Iflea of Trained Citfrenry Rushing
to Arms in Case of War Is Re
garded a Fiction, in View of "
Shortage in Other Conflicts.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. Jan. 17. Representative Gard
ner, of Massachusetts, who baa done
more than any other man in Congress
to call attention to the military nnpre
paredness of the United States, has ls
ued a statement in which he discusses
at some length the question. "What
Alls the American Army?"
"There is still truth in the old. old
tory that it's the man behind the gun
who counts." be says. "But for heav
en's sake, how far behind the gun do
you want the man to be? Must he be
so far behind the gun that he hasn t
even a bowing acquaintance with it
urftil war breaks out? Tet that is
where wi stand today. Our Regular
Army lam. mere handful. Our reserve
aVmy s a farce. A good deal over
Sna-tblrd of our militia absolutely
struck their guns off their visiting
lists during the whole of last year.
"Trained Cltlsenry" Imaginary.
"The fact Is that this fiction of a
trained citizenry rushing head over
heels to arms in time of war is purely
the creature of a deft Imagination.
The strength of the- trained citizenry
argument d, not lie in its own sound
n5s: but in the fact that most of us
Sr. politically stopped from saying
what we really think about the mllitis,
or National Guard, as it is called 1
believe that most men arV Hves
the best and most "a"185,
when they undertake the thankless
duties of militia service. I believe that
militiamen are keenly l0tu "A,?,
tact that many persons scoff at them a
tin soldier.. At all events, I
when I was a militiaman I was sensi
tively alive to the good-natured super
ciliousness with which my fiends re
garded what to them appeared to be
my harmless vanity.
-I believe, moreover, that as me
duties are made more arduous and more
serious the militia steadily improves
although it becomes harder and harder
to fill its ranka On the other hand, 1
. h.iiv that over two-tblrds or
our militia would materialize in war
time, and I do not tnina m.u
enca could be placed upon them until
months of severe training and a weed-ing-out
process had hardened them into
military shape.
States FaU to F1U ftaotaa.
"I cannot forget that no fewer than
18 states of the Union fell short bj
preater or less amounts or j.uruiu...
their quotas of troops during the Span
ish War. I cannot forget that after the
first burst of enthusiasm was over
cities and towns offered bounties in
order to fill their quotas of troops in
the Civil War. I cannot forget that the
Rational Government later on gave a
large sum of money to each veteran
who would re-enlist, nor that both the
Korth and the South were eventually
obliged to resort to the hateful neces
sity of compelling "men to Join the army
against their wills. All those things
are none the less facts because they
are unpopular facts, ana oecauso it. -
the fashion to blink them.
"Neither can I shut my eyes to the
report of the Chief of Staff on the rec
ord of the militia for the year ended
June 30, 1914. Out of 120.00 1 militia
men all told. 23,000 failed to present
themselves for the annual inspection.
Si ooo absented themselves from the an
nual encampment and 44.000 never ap
peared on the rifle range from one
year's end to the other.
Wilson's Error Pointed Out.
"The President says that we have al
ways found means to defend ourselves
against attack, but the President is
ciulte mistaken. We shall take leave
to be strong upon the seas, in the fu
ture as in the past.' says he in his an
rual message to Congress. That was
the same position which President
Madison took at the time of the War
of 1812. 'We shajl take leave." quoth
Madison, and take leave he certainly
did." bag and baggage, militia, states
men, clerks, lobbyists, julep mixers and
all. Down Into Virginia he went, leav
ing the Capitol and the White House
to'be burnt by the victorious British.
"Poor Dolly Madison! She saw it all
and she wrote her sister Anna these
bitter lines: 'Alas. I can descry only
groups of military, wandering" in all di
rections, as if there was a lack of
arms, or of spirit to fight for their own
fireside." But, there was no lack of
spirit In those militiamen from Mary
land and Pennsylvania and Virginia
r'ar from it. They had spirit enough
arms ennurh to defend their own
presides: but they did not know how
to do It. because they had not been
molded Into an army. They were but a
mob of citizenry under arms.
False Sense of Security Fostered.
"The sad part of it ail was that they
had two years In which to prepare, for
i ... events did not occur till the Sum
mer of 114. The Administration of
that day had fostered the belief that
the country had been misinformed and
hit the Government had not been neg.
ligent of the National defense. Hence
it was that these poor militiamen were
not ready when the day of trial came.
A maddened Nation roared for a sacrl
l ce and a sacrifice was vouchsafed unto
them. Armstrong, the Secretary 01
War. was made the scapegoat. Just as
Alger was made the scapegoat for our
unreadiness to fight Spain and just as
Garrison would be made the scapegoat
tomorrow if we were to attempt un
successfully to put a large force of
men into the field.
So much for our regulars and our
militia. There remains to be con
sidered our reserve army of former
enlisted men. We can dismiss it with
a word, for President Wilson says that
we are not to depend on a la.tre re
serve army. Perhaps it is Just as well
not to depend on It entirely, for it
consists of only 1 men.
Ammnnltlon la Lacking-.
"Nine weeks ago. Major-General W.
W. Wotherspoon. chief of staff, and
virtually head "of the United States
Army, made his annual report to the
Secretary of War. If General Wother
.nn hnii never done anything in life
except write page It of his report, he
would deserve the thanks of the Na
tion for that superb act of courage
inn IT tells us how much we ought
to have and how much Is actually on
hand or in sight. Mere is tne moie.
Required.
Trifle. ........... .42.T41
itlfte rs'rtridCM C48.tW0.000
Held sun. (exclusive
of ri:tnt cunt)
m" 11.790.S50 mOW
So you see that we are short 400.
000.004 rifle cartrlges, 11,000000 rounds
0 TrTTTTT x
J H -3 - Vc
EVER
MADE
From the period when Man first
emerged from the dripping caves of pre
historic times; when his only implements
of peace and war were the bones from
which he gnawed the raw and bleeding
flesh; when he was a beast of battle and
his female a beast of burden; from these
times, when the star of human destiny
hung quivering in the murk and plasm of
a primeval world; down through the em
battled centuries, when might was right,
and the millions were ruled by the sword
and lash; even to the glorious years of our
own era, when right is might when the
few are the servants and not the masters
of the many and Man is coming into his
own Kingdom.
Through all these changing cycles and
centuries Larned's "History of the World"
carries the spellbound reader, stirring
him, as it were, with gripping memories
of a pre-existence.
Seventy centuries unroll themselves
before his eyes. The hoary Pyramids
yield up their royal secrets; Babylon and
Asshur become again the hustling marts
of trade; we behold the Children of Israel
forsake their altars and cross, dry-shod,
the Red Sea's unwetted sands to the
Promised Land.
The glory that was Greece and the
grandeur that was Rome dazzle us once
again with their, ineffable splendor. Our
hearts thrill to the solemn chairi of the
Crusaders as they stagger amidst the hush
and silence of an endless desert on and
on to Jerusalem the Golden.
We view the mighty sea-rovers of the
far North as they sail uncharted seas to
lands unknown to man. We hear their
battle-shouts mingled with the shrill
screams of the cloud-riding Valkyries as
Celt and Teuton go down in defeat
The legends of Ancestral Europe are
enacted again before our very eyes.
Charlemagne and his paladins,. King
Arthur and his knights, Siegfried and the
heroes of the Nibelung march before us
in immortal pageantry.
Powder is invented, and the classes be
gin to crumble before the masses. Print
ing is vouchsafed from Heaven and the
masses begin to achieve democracy.
The dazzling star of Napoleon arises
through the smokewreaths that encloud
his cannon in the streets of Paris, blazes
across the heavens with meteoric splendor
and sinks forever beneath the desolate
marshes at Waterloo.
We fight anew the battles of our own
Revolution; we pass through the bloody
baptism of the Civil War. Spain yields
her priceless possessions to the Stars and
Stripes. The birth of liberty in our neigh
boring Republic of Mexico, guided and
guarded by her elder sister of the North,
is heredeseribed for the first time.
From the Fall of Babylon to the fall of
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- annals of all recorded history and yes
terday's seven thousand years are im-
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TODAY.
Here it is first announcement today a startling offer FIVE
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II N2eoaoroy Only O
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. Mmr. M WM ' I
On bSTid
89S.374
:ii,uoo.mk
SSI-
of artillery ammunition and 1000 field
guns, if General Wotherspoon's judg
ment is sound.
"Of course I am not an expert in
these matters, hut 680.098 rounds of
fieid artillery ammunition seems
rather inadequate as a reserve in the
lieht of General Wood's testimony that
Russia shot away 250.000 rounds
against the Japanese in the battle
of Mukden alone, yet S80.098 rounds
is all we have on hand.
Making Guns Slow Work.
"Working three shifts night and
day all the factories in this country,
n.nmmMit and private as. well, can
turn out in the first six months after
war is declared only 4u.uuu rounu.
..lui.rv ammunition, or only 160,-
Afin mr rounds than Russia shot
in a sinsrle battle. They can
enough to keep eight guns going under
an ordinary oaltie conuiuuu
shots a day. In one year all Govern-
mr, nrl nrivate factories put to
gether can turn out BOO field guns, or
one-quarter or our snori. "
r-i WnthcrsDoon estimates it.
"But where are all the giant guns
w,h w oroirressivo Americans
omrht to have? How are we off for
.v.o ..nnriurful implements of war
fare with which other nations have
been arming themselves? We still are
shaking hands with ourselves over our
biggest gn, the six-incn nuwiuei.
Rattle of Crecy Recalled.
,rr-.itinn Vith it after tha battle
of Crecv, a board of French generals
was called together to report on the
newfangled cannon which England
had used in the fight. After profound
cogitation the generals decided that no
j...HnM whatever could be placed
in gunpowder and that cannon could be
useful only under ciiuui ,.....
n,vp llkelv to occur again.
By a unanimous vote, so it is said, they
H,tm,t tn rnpir ruir uiv w J
mansanel and the stout caJPul;
would triumph in the future, as in the
past. If anyone wishes to know the
moral of this tale, let him inquire of
our ordnance experts. It may be that
we have no need of guns with greater
j. than aix inches, btill, Ger
many's 16ij-inch howitxers and Aus
tria'a 124i-inch guns seems to be lair
ly serviceable In battering to bits any
thing from an impregnable fortress or
a venerable cathedral down to a cov
ered trench. Sir John French. loousn
ly perhaps, seems to place some reli
ance in his stt-inch thunderers.
We smile at their puerile penorm-
ances and continue to estimate and
plan and report and consider and con
gratulate ourselves that we have the
best three-inch field guns which can
be made, even If we are a little bit
slow in rushing Into the making of big
ordnance.
Talk Hade to Cateh Votefc
"Let those foreigners waste their
money on perfecting submarines and
aeroplanes. Zeppelins and howitzers.
We propose to keep our money in our
pockets. That is the way to talk ir
you want to catch the votes. Let us
faithfully watch and men proceea 10
rean the benefits of the foreigners
experiments without costing us a cent
All of which is vastly crafty, no doubt.
provided no foreigner starts to experi
ment on us.
"Oh. well, what's the odds, since the
apostles of pudginess tell us that they
ara going to put an end to wars by
the brotherhood or manT in tne sweet
bye-and-bye, perhaps, when we have
abandoned the Monroe doctrine and
when the- Californian Intermarries
with the Chinaman and tne JUlssis-
sippian intermarries witn tne negro.
Until that day is at hand, don't forget
the parable of the foolish virgins who
had no oil in their lamps when the
fateful moment came'
. Bible of 1698 Owned in Toledo.
CENTRALIA, Wash., Jan. 17. (Spe
cial.) R. G. Paxton, a resident of To
ledo, Is tha possessor of an old Eng
lish Bible which was printed in London
in 168 by Charles .Bill. The cover
and some of the first and last pages
of th book are gone and others are
yellow with age. The book came into
Mr. Paxton's possession from his moth
er, who is a descendant of the Crozier
family, of which the names of several
members a.re found in the family rec
ord in the book. A number of births
and deaths are recorded, but the ear
liest date that is decipherable is 1746.
ENRICHED HEIR GONE
BRIDE IIV SEATTLE SEEKS HUS
BAND, WHO GAINS FORTUNE.
David Benjamin MeCracken, Left 2S0,
00O a Year by Mother, I. Mi
ing World-Wide Search On.
SEATTLE, Wash., Jan. 17. (Special.)
Mrs. Mary A. MeCracken, now a resi
dent of Seattle, but until recently a.
ranch-owner of Geraldine, Mont-, is
making a world-wide search for infor
mation concerning her husband, David
Benjamin MeCracken, heir to a large
estate in Scotland, and who, by the
terms of his mother's will, is to be
known henceforth as David John Blair.
The Importance of the searth lies in
the fact that MeCracken. following his
motner's death, jumped from the posi
tion of a ranch-owner to that of a
landed gentleman, with an income of
J800 a dav, or approximately $280,000
a year. With th exception of a let
ittor, i.o- him while in Minneap
olis en route to Scotland, where the
Blair estates are locaiea, nuiume.
been heard from him.
Substantial bank balances In his
name are held in Geraldine and Butte
and his bride of a few days awaits
him in Seattle. The closest investiga
tion by Attorney T. B. McMahon. who
is aiding in the search, has failed to
disclose any trace of MeCracken.
CANBY WINS TWO DEBATES
Sllverton and Voodburn Teams Are
Defeated.
CAKBT. Or, Jan. 17. (Special.) In
the triangle formed by Sllverton.
Woodburn and Canby.. to debate on
v. nntinn of Government ownership
of railways, under the auspices of the
State High School Debating League,
the Canby High School carried off first
honors Friday night.
The negative team, composea oi iui-
ton Bradford, Jonn bb.ivuisi.uu "
Delia Newstrum, met the Silverton team
at Silverton and was awarded a 2-1
decision.
The affirmative team was representor
by Royce Brown, Daphne Bisset ana
Veda Brown, who were declared win
ners, 2-1. at Canby over the Woodburn
delegation. Woodburn's team was John
Stone, Harold Dlmmick and Dwight
Parr.
The Judges at Canby were J. T. Mat
thews, of Willamette university; At
torney Ringo. of Salem, and Professor
Davidson, or saiem nigu ouuu.
THIS HEN LAYS AND CROWS
a. -
Sheridan Reports Freak of Brown
Leghorn Variety.
SHERIDAN. Or., Jan. 17 (Special.)
a iL Knickerbocker, of this city, has
a hen that crows aa well as any rooster.
The bird is a normal brown Leghorn
hen and does not appear different from
the other hens- It is a gooa layer.
One morning as Mr. Knickerbocker
was leaving the house to feed the
chickens he heard the crow, which had
become familiar but could not be Placed
as he had no rooster in the flock. After
creeping up to the henhouse he saw
one of his large brown Leghorn hens
stretch forth her neck and execute a
crow that would do justice to any as
piring rooster.
Medford Haa Beet-Plant Campaign.
MEDFORD. Or, Jan. 17. (Special.)
Every business house In Medford will
close next Tuesday, when a house-to-house
campaign will be made through
the vaUey to obtain the necessary 6000
for the establishment of a beet
sugar factory in this district. About
3000 acres have aireaay oeen oieno"
t is estimated that 200 automo
biles will be used by the campaigners
In touring the vaUey Tuesaay w oomiu
signatures.
TO SEE F,
EXECUTIVE PREDICTS SUCCESS OF
BOTH EXPOSITIONS.
Livestock Show at San Francisco Ex
pected to Prove Irresistible
Magnet to Fancier.
SALEM. Or, Jan. 17. (Special.) In
connection with an exchange let
ters today with Charles C. Moore, pres
ident of the Panama-Pacifle Exposition,
Rnvumop Wlthvcombe made the an
nouncement that probably he wouia
visit the exposition In California more
than once and that he planned to par
ticipate In at least one of the special
events at San Francisco. The Gov
ernor said:
"I am dally becoming more confident
of the unqualified success of the expo
sitions in California. The very mis
fortunes of Europe will tend. In some
measure, to the good fortune of the
exposition, at least so far as American
travel Is concerned. I believe an enor
mous number of Americans who pre
viously took their holidays abroad will
come to the Coast this Summer and.
from what I learn from Ean Franclsoo
and San Diego. I am confident that
their transcontinental pilgrimage will
be amply repaid by what they wilt
find. . ,
"Personally, I hope to be a visitor
to the expositions, perhaps more than
once. I already have received srversl
Invitations to participate In special
events at Ban Frauclsco during the
Summer and hope to accept at least
one. Certainly I want to take advan
tage of the hospitality of the splendid
Oregon building and the accommoda
tions there so thoughtfully provided
for the Governor."
It is understood that one event con
nected with the San Francisco Expo
sition will find the Governor present
without fail. That Is the stock show,
which he predicts will be the arealest
exhibit of the kind ever conducted.
Rain May Blotk Tillamook Line.
JJEHALEM, Or, Jan. 17. (Special.)
Continuation of the present rains may
tie up the railroad into Tillamook
County as was the case during Jan
uary last year and tha year belorc.
The pleasant weather In early Jan
uary promised to hold off the freht
season, but tha past week recorded a
continuous downpour. All creeks aro
up and the river Is rising rapidly. Tlm
bermen are in hopes the river will
continue to rise to bring down tno
logs which are high up I" the rivers.
Martlnlonr's 7S distilleries Isst year pru
flureil s '.'Wn a ssllons of mm.
..L,se De Pachmsns-wnos. , . - h.nk of-h. wU, not -oH-
flee beauty of tone to noise." Now Tforh Jouruiu.
Masonic Temple Auditorium
West 1'srk and Yamhill atrosts.
BXT bUSDAV ArTKH.NOON.
At S O'clock.
NEUHAUS
THE KMIXENT PIANIST. B .
. a i rttttmA A runt's KxquUlt Pfulam.
. , . , i t i tinns nr t n a ui riti mu
5uoe. H.r Ratals a. "Trlnmph. of Art
Stetaway ran. Furnished by Khermaa. Clay Co.
TICKET- nf. 1JI Halrony, ?h'"Z.t'$,J
"Her programm ar. sad uisUactfy lev.ly."-Lo. Ansel". Tlm
1)