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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 15, 1915)
PORTLAND. OREGON. -ntereJ at Portland. Oregon. Postofflce as sscond-class mstter. , . Subscription Rates Invariably In aavanee. (By Hall.) Dally. SundaT Included, on rear tS.0 l!lr. Sunday Included, all months I)liy. Sunday Included, tnreo months ... tiallv. Sunday Included, one month ..... Daily, without Sunday, one year o. Laily, without Sunday, six months ..... Paily. without euncay. three month ... - Iallr, without Sunday, one month ...... -?V "Weekly, on year .. ............- -?JJ Sunday, on year " bunday and Weekly on jenr (By Carrier.) Dally. Cnnday Included, one year 75 IaJly. fiun-lay Included, one month ..... Haw to Remit oend Poatoftlce m",'T5 der. express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamp., coin or currency are at senders risk. Give postofflcs address In lull. Including- county and state. restaur Rates 12 to 1 pases. 1 ;" to Zz tun i cents; t 4 Pes. i cr"1 J 60 to pages. 4 cents: Z ,p. cents: 7S to 02 paxes. cents. Forelxa post axe. double rates. Easten Bnalne Office Veiree Con lln. New Tor. Brunaalcx buudln;; cnicaxo, fctonger building. San Fraoelr OfrW R. J. Bldwell Com. pany. 742 Market street. . PORTLAND. FKTDAr. JAJTTART 15. fM- THE J5ARTHQCAKE. The Italian earthauake brings some Tariety Into our dally diet of horrors. Sated with the carnage of battle and the destruction of cities by artillery, we turn almost with a sense of relief to other forms of woe. The earth Quake is a spectacular performance on the stage of nature, but compared with the demoniac activities of man himself it Is relatively harmless. Some 15,000 persons may have perished in the ruins of the various Italian towns. As many, or more, go to death weekly In Belgium and Poland and we have ceased to shudder at the loss. Rome has been shaken and Naples frightened, but a single discharge of a modern heavy gun battery does more damage. Nature's malignity at Its worst scarcely competes with man's. The 60,000 human beings who perished In the great Lisbon earthquake became objects of horrified pity by the un expectedness of the fate that overtook them, but more lives have been sacri ficed in many a useless battle fought to gratify the pride of Kings or satiate the envy of rival aristocrats In church and state. The Italian earthquake has been relatively merciful to life and harmless to property. The terror which It dif fuses over the earth flows not so much from its actual destructiveness as from the apparent reversal of nature's laws which attends it. War does not dis turb our fundamental faith in the uni verse, because we can attribute it to the depravity and folly of man. But when the solid floor of the world gives way under our feet It Is as if God had abandoned his throne and turned his dominion over to the powers of evil. No wonder popular superstition always apprehends the "end of the world" when such catastrophes occur. If the earth on which all things are built is to lose its stability what hope remains for us? The Italian earthquake lacks none of the accompaniments which Impose upon . the imagination and awaken our basic dread of supernat ural malice toward mankind. There are wars and rumors of wars, as it was prophesied of old there should be when the end of the world draws nigh. Father is fighting against son on the bloody fields of Europe and brother against brother. In the natal land of the Christian religion famine rages. Pestilence stalks through the silent stretches of Russia and invades the domains of Austrian tyranny. The hands of Time's horologe have been set back for ages in Europe and the bright hopes of the world's dreamers have been blighted. "For then shall be great tribulation such as was not seen since the beginning of the world to this time, nor ever shall be." Has not this prophecy come to pass in our own day? Who knows how soon the rest may follow? "Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun be darkened and the moon shall not give her light and the stars shall fall from heaven and the powers of, the heavens shall be shaken. When ye shall see all these things, know that It is near, even at the doors." That Is. the end of the world is near. Our only consolation in these mis eries is that the race has passed through worse ones and yet has not been obliterated. Visitations of wrath upon the world seem to be periodic In the dim remoteness of the prehis toric age we perceive the gaunt image f preternatural woe stalking time after time through the earth, depopu lating nations and driving great masses of men forth to wander in search of new homes. Such may have been the origin of the ethnic migrations which peopled the surface of the earth, turn lug evil finally into good. Gibbon de picts with majestic sorrow the tribula tions which befell the civilized world In the declining years of Justinian, the famous legislator. Each year was marked, says the historian of Rome, by the repetition of earthquakes. Con stantinople was shaken for above forty days. The towers of Antioch were overthrown upon the multitudes as sembled to celebrate the great re ligious feast of the Ascension and 150.000 perished in a moment. "The tottering houses are pillaged by in trepid avarice," reflects the philosoph ical historian, "revenge awaits the moment and selects his victim and the earth often swallows the assassin or the ravisher in the consummation of his crime." Plague added its terror to earthquakes in the days of Justin Ian. During three months 5000. and finally 10,000, persons died daily in Constantinople. Many cities of the east were left vacant. In parts of Italy the harvest and the vintage with ered on the ground. Desolation is no new thing in the Italian peninsula. That sunny land Is the Oethsemane as well as the Eden of the earth. The triple scourge of war. pestilence and famine afflicted the subjects of Justin ian and his reign was disgraced by a visible decrease of the human species which has never been repaired in some of the fairest regions of the world." But almost everywhere the loss has been made good. Man's recuperative powers probably exceed his capacity to destroy. In the Thirty Tears War Germany was made as desolate as Italy and the East in the reign of Jus tinian. From Vienna to the shores of the Baltic, from the Rhine to the Vis tola, the cities were burned, farms laid waste and the people massacred. All this was done in the name of religion as the miseries of the current Eu ropean war are wrought in the name of civilization. Any battle cry will do when mankind are resolved to wreak woe upon themselves. Pestilence no longer threatens to extirpate the hu man race. It has been conquered by science. But that same science which has done so much to eradicate disease has only multiplied the destructiveness of war. while volcanoes, tempests and earthquakes have thus far eluded Its investigations almost entirely and still harry and slay the nations with the elemental malignity of Kings and Kaisers. WTTHOCT -i" ALTERING. The McMinnville view ofNational duty, as expounded by a correspond ent from that peaceful community to day, is' to keep out of trouble with any other cotmtry, at any cost, and to ..i,m anv ohliation whatever to do anything for any other people, if It involves sacrifice, or loss, or trve em- l,-or,f nf fnrre. That is "watchful waiting," in its latter-day form, as dis tinct from "watchful waiting" In its original -phases, involving deliberate Interference In Mexico s internal i roi. an nniv mMl advance upon Vera Cruz and an inglorious retreat therefrom. Th.r. n mnnv thinsrs worse than war. One of them is dishonor. Does our McMinnville friend think King Al bert made an irretrievable fclunder -hn h uteri the invader, and that the well-nigh universal acclaim for him as a monarch who lost nis mrone, but saved his soul, was ill-bestowed? r..nr tVashlneton. too. thougnt that life under the .tyrant's heel was not worth living, and he acted accord ingly. Watchful waiting had no place i u'a.htnfffnn'd vocabulary. So with nearly every ofher great National hero". They were men of action, not of .'A.ji' iarrinr.1 not rjhrasemaKers, patriots, not paclficists-at-any-price. t-v, n.Airniiinii h'An several times an swered the question asked by Mr. Tay lor, and will do so again, annougn inntiirr us to what The Oregonian would do has no real bearing upon what President Wilson nas oone failed to do. th.- n...nim thinks President iuq w tn'""-- Wilson ought to have recognized Huerta. and thus have given Mexico a chance to compose its own. affairs. It would have insisted upon protection of American lives and meric&n prop- ... i Mirim Tt believes a rigid attitude toward Mexico would have made intervention unnecessary; Dut it would have accepted the consequences of its policy, without faltering, what ever they were. WRECKERS BROCGHT TO BOOK. Judge Gatens" decision in the fore closure suit of the Title Insurance & Trust Company against the North- t j-.no, instance Telephone Company is remarkable both because of its severe condemnation 01 me msu nono. Ki.- which the telephone com pany was wrecked and because it sets a new fashion In receivers nips, n hub been the custom for courts to appoint of wrecked corporations and banks men selected by the wreck ers. These men have usually coverea up the work of the wreckers and have been their willing tools in freezing out the minority and handing over the as sets to the majority. In this case the court itself se lected the receiver, Mr. Coffey, and he. being independent of the wreck- ara hrnilffht TO liirht all their question able transactions and operated the property in the interest of its owners. with the result tnat ne simwii its earnings. The trustee under the -. . hniHnir rtApn shown to have acted in collusion with the wreckers. is cot only denied compensation tor it. r.rernrierl services, but is called upon to refund to the telephone com pany profits illegally maae in m process of driving it into bankrupty. mki. i. an AminpTittv nrnner ending of a discreditable financial transac tion. If more recelvexsnips enaea m this manner, the business of wrecking .nmnmtionn would lose many of its attractions and there would be fewer receiverships. WORK WITH rSlTED ENERGY, nr. A ..trill Uaa croori cause tO be 1UI. I - ' 11 O proud of the work accomplished dur ing his two years' service as presiucui. - .v. "HamH'.f nf Commerce, for he has done much fbr the upbuilding of the city and state. But he laid more stress on the tasks which lie befors his successor. Mr. Clark. The city owes deep gratitude to Mr. Averill. It has confidence in Mr. Clark's ability and readiness to carry on what Mr. Averill has so well done, and owes him un grudging support. It is IncumDenr. upon roriiaim ir- Mrrv out nlans for utiliz ing those of our. products which now go to waste arirUto develop markets for them anu"4ran increased output. This requires Mmprovement of our means of transit irom me uueuui. particularly by water. It requires seeking out markets abroad and on ifiantic fo.-ist. and the establish ment of steamship lines. That steam ships may be a financial success at moderate rates, it is necessary to cre ate a market in this state for the re turn cargoes they snouia Dnng. mm .mnri. and imports may be financed, we need direct banking con nections with South America anu Japan. The united energies of our ablest men will be none too great to accom oil that wa have to do. Divided energy is wasted energy. That our energies may be united, it is eawuusi that the arrangements now under way to consolidate the Chamber of Com merce and the Commercial Club 'be carried to an early and a successful conclusion. That done, we shall be equipped to find means of selling all that ws produce, to una a muoi i n nil i-priirninir shiDS and 1U11 feJCS v.. . i to increase our production continuous ly, inat w puuimtiis " r perity and material progress. NOT SPOILS. During the twelve years Oregon has been under a Democratic Administra tion the people have largely lost sight iflranee of a complete overthrow in the executive office, po litical and otherwise, li is asumeu . ntiartpra riecause appointive officers have often been permitted to serve out their terms in recent. jci, that that is- the proper procedure today. --. But there is this amerence. gov ernor Chamberlain was succeeded in office by a Governor who was wholly in accord with Governor Chamber- 1 1 ; c Tha two men were in Ulin - " sympathy personally as well as politi cally. Governor Lnra"" poliitees were able to work as effec tively with Governor West as with his predecessor. The Oregonian is not committed to the spoils system. It is confident that Governor Withycombe is not imbued with spoils ideas. Efficiency is or ought to be his ideal attainment efficlencv not only in particular de partments, but In his entire adminis tration. If there are officials at Salem who by their previous attitude Indi cated pubUcly that they believed Dr. Withycombe did not have the capacity or the ideals proper in a Governor, it Is idle to expect that they would work with him to prove that their declared impressions were at fault. It Is equally THE, MOENJXG OBEGOXIAy. FRIDAY, JANUARY 15, 1915. idle to assume that Governor Withy combe would feel free to consult them or even safe in accepting their counsel. Essentially the office of Governor is not different from that of an executive post in a large corporation. The gen ral manager of a private enterprise to carry out hla policies must surround himself with men who are in sympathy with them. The Governor must do likewise. COIXNEL ROOSEVELT AND THE 6EB PEJiT. There Is no peace on earth for Colonel Roosevelt, nor any rest for his weary soul. When he is not harassed by one thing he is by another, so flrat his life stretches out in a succession of tribulations. The last serpent to invade his Eden at Oyster Bay was a reporter, not from an American journal, as the reader all too hastily infers, but a representative of the stately London Morning Post. Thia Insidious creature Degunea tne Colonel with a tale that he was re- ..,-lno- tn TTnirlanrl In the caDacity Of a retired Major from New Zealand to report to the War Office, p. ever a hint did he let slip that he had any thing to do with the press. He was ,.,.,.itT Tnmtnrv throueh and through. His conversation breathed nothing but cannon smoke. His gestures suggest ed nothing half so much as bayonet thrusts. Naturally the Colonel was delighted wtiir a guest so much after his own heart and his good impression was deepened by -a letter the Major hromrht him from one of Mr. Roose velt's friends In Congress. The letter discreetly omitted to mention the iiniir'i rotations with the Dress. Unweeting of treacnery. tne townti nnhoaomed himself somewhat to this base deceiver. Accounts differ as to what he said and how much, but un-rtoT- th rieluee of diplomatic denials which he has promptly poured forth we may discern neDuious miosw i the most frightful disclosures. The Major, whose eternally blackened noma lo Ticlher. nroceeded to belch all the Rooseveltian confidences Into rh. r-olnmna of the Morning i'osx. Tea, all and a good deal more than all, if we may trust Mr. Kooseveiu The "Interview," as it was imagi natively labeled, was cabled back to New York, and, adding Insult to in jury, was reprinted in all its horror in tho 'New York Times and in The Oregonian. Fancy Mr. Roose velt's emotions as he perusea ine mendacious paragrapns. . cut no has his revenge. One more name goes upon the long and infamous roll of the Ananias Club. One more liar meets his reward. The Colonel says he has never been so basely betrayed by any American reporter as by this foioo, British Ma1or Sooner or later every great and good man meets his Judas. ALIEN LABOR LAWS VOID. A special Federal Court has held that no state has power to abridge nv mnn'a rle-ht to work, for It has declared unconstitutional the law adopted by initiative vote in Arizona rootrlotino- the number of aliens which any person may employ. The provis ion in the Federal Constitution, wnicn the Arizona law violates is the Four teenth Amendment, which reads: No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or im munities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty or property without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the eQual protection of the laws. The law In question forbade em ployment of more than 20 per cent of aliens by any person employing more than five persons. The court held that, if this restriction were sustained, the percentage of aliens might as easily be reduced to five, or alien labor might mx ontirelv excluded. It held the right of labor to be a property right, just as other courts have neia me ngni. iu do business. Aliens resiaem in uie United States are guaranteed equal rights not only by the Constitution, tips between the United States and the countries whence they came. Not only does the Arizona law de prive men of a property right. It may wa.ii h hold to deDiive him of liberty and to strike at his life, for if a man may not work in what sense is he free and how is he to live? The law was prompted by a desire to secure work for American citizens in preterence m rnroi mrs hut bv nreventing the em ployment of cheap, unskilled labor it would probably prevent penormance Of that work wnicn IS a necessary yic- liminary to the employment of skilled Americans. T-hia iiofislon mav aDDly to tnose nf manv states and cities con fining employment on public work to citizens. It wisely requires our iaoui laws to harmonize with our immi- trratlon laws, for if we permit aliens to come to this country and then deny them work, we impose upon ourselves tvm intnlorahle burden of supporting thousands of men who are kept in Idle ness by our own acts. The case will doubtless be carried t ihn Snmvme Court and there we may expect a definition of the rights of foreigners, both under our tonbiuu those treaties which guarantee equal treatment to subjects of other nations. We may see an euu put to the adoption by states of laws ,.-,!.. nffert thn relations of the United States with other nations, and we may see the principle estaDiisnea that the United States alone can legis late with regard to aliens and that all tats laws dealing witn tnem are vom. GROWING SEEDS OF REVOLT. The lesson to be drawn from the re cent attempted insurrection in the Philippine Islands was given to the House by Representative Miller, of Minnesota, who visited the islands only a year ago-. Sporadic insurrec tions are started at intervals, for the mass of the natives are ignorant, sim ple and easily led. Mr. Miller told of insurrection, started while he was there, by 65 men with two shotguns. So long as there is a strong govern ment backed by the United States ...i.i. omnia mliitarv force, and so long as such outbreaks are promptly sup pressed they are unimportant, out. mi. Miller cited cbnditions which explain and give significance to the recent Ricarte revolt. He told of the "spreading broadcast among the people of a disrespect for the American flag"; of the idea "un consciously given to the people that to criticise, to belittle, to arraign, to con demn, to cry out against that which had been done by the American Gov ernment in the islands was to display good judgment and an easy way to win favor with the new authorities." Mr. Miller added: "The Inevitable re sult was that the Filipinos lost respect for American sovereignty." This new spirit was utilized by renegade ras cals like Ricarte in a revolutionary propaganda." Formerly uprisings of this kind were easily suppressed, but recently "Rlcarte's men have grown voellt,- Trtlcr haTP SPlZed the antt American feeling begotten bythe pol icies and utterances of this Administra tion and brought forth an insurrection that really requires attention." , Mr. Miller also lays stress on the fact that of late all men seeking elec tion to office In the islands have been preaThing independence and have "promised the people that when the Democratic party secures control, In dependence will at once follow." Im mediate independence is preached, though even the Democrats would not grant it. When these promises are disappointed, the popular anger can be curbed only by force. There is already bitter disappointment over the failure of the Jones bill to grant Independence outright, not among the real, able leaders of the Filipinos, but among the ignorant, turbulent element. Mr. Mil ler then said: We here all minimize this insurrectionary movement: and why? Because there is In the islands and over the Islands today a. strong, stable, beneficent government, that will protect life and property, that will pre serve peace the Government of the United States. Were that Government not there, what chaos might result. w coo hem that the Democrats are. jinintentionally no doubt, sowing the seeds and paving tne way iur a i"i midable rebellion against the United States. In their partisan zeal to dis- c.mhiin rule thev encour age disloyalty to the United States. By their proposed surrenoer oi iu" governmental power to the Filipinos, they propose to hand over the means of translating this disloyalty into ac tion. By countenancing talk of imme riioto indfnendence. which they do not , t,o.r furnish an excuse j lnieuu. iu 6iuH Kfor revolt. We shall be fortunate if Democratic policy does not cost tne lives of many good men both Amer icans and Filipinos. There is a "fioratius" for every bridge and why not at "the gateway of Persia"? Schodja Ed Daculeh and his 400 horsemen who were cut down to four by the Turks before they gave up the fight will be sung in camp and dwelling in the years that are to come. People of this generation and of this Coast who gained a comprehensive idea of disaster by earthquake nine years ago, will realize the pall that hangs over Italy. There will be quick and generous response if aid shall be needed and asked Von Berchtold, Austrian Foreign Minister, has resigned. Inasmuch as he is the diplomat credited with hav ing precipitated the war, we trust he will have little time for peaceful re flection during his declining years. One thing needed in the traffic ordi nance coming up today, is provision for heavy punishment for the autolst who runs past a streetcar when people are embarking or disembarking. Mere fine is not enough. The British prisoner under sentence of death for attacking a German guard need not be object of tender solicitude. Let him stand up and be shot, dying like a Briton, and not be sport for his captors. True to prediction made long ago by The Oregonian, Winter has brought the conflict In Poland practically to a standstill and the Germans are mass ing against the French center. A Los Angeles offender has been given his choice of studying the Bible for thirty days or going -re jail for ten years. His decision is awaited with breathless interest. Spain will be the only foreign power to have a warship at the Panama Canal opening. Other fleets regret that other business prevent their at tendance. The grafters in high places in France are perturbed over admission duty-free of the big contribution of American tobacco for the allies In the trenches. With Fern Hobbs drawing a man's pay on state work, there is reason in the demand that women teachers shall receive men's pay for doing .men's work. : Gutierrez has been named president of Mexico again. He'll keep fooling about with that job until they hold a ceremony with slow music behind him. The Servian legation In London in sists that it be spelled "Serbian." No doubt the American State Department will govern itself accordingly. Von Hindenburg is going to take command of the western armies. Ap parently the Russian menace has ceased to be a menace. By the time everybody gets done arranging the parade through the Ca nal it is likely to be a three-film affair and of equal value Villa is now reorganizing his forces to try to meet Carranza's armies. A month ago Villa claimed to have elim inated Carranza. When the heaviest gales come dur ing the night they do not disturb the slumber of the man with a good con science. More blame for Wilson's Mexican policy. Our conduct In Mexico will ever remain a blemish on "American history. Blease of South Carolina is really improving. He threw himself out of office yesterday, five days ahead of time. j But perhaps the earthquake will prevent Italy from seeking other and greater losses by Joining the war. " One "honor" boy contentedly at work on a" farm is worth dozens in the training school. Price of oats is going up. Heavens, what will be left for us to eat ulti mately? Petrograd and Berlin are the locali ties that need earthquakes, notHome, Last day for Rose Festival slogans. Portland wants the best this year. - The Portland loaf is as big as usual, and so is the Portland loafer. Servia insists on pronouncing her name through the nose. The Kaiser in person - directed a chargeon the French. Mexico "never is but always to he blessed." Salem has experienced its first slight tremor. J UJT'S HAVE PEACE AT ANY COST One More Supporter of Spineless Di plomacy Writes a Letter. M'MIN'XVILLE, Or., Jan. 11. (To the Editor.) Just now it seems as though the chief business of The oregonian is to find fault with President Wilson and tite Administration in general. Kspecially has the President's Mexican policy been assailed. You say: "There i no sheeial merit in leaving the Mexican factions to fight it out; Any Prsirlnt could have done that." "Perhaps any President would have done that except Theodore Roosevelt. I have never seen a statement of what The Oregonian policy would be in re gard to Mexico, but presume It would be an armed intervention, the only other alternative. You hold President Wilson responsible for hundreds of American lives lost in Mexico on ac count of the "watchful waiting" policy. If the Inferred policy of The Oregonian had been carried out at Washington, the United States would, in all proba-hmr-u h wirinr war irrraUexico. In stead of hundreds of lives lost there would be thousands, and perhaps no ena in sight But, according to the laws of na tions, intervention would not be justi fiable. Intervention is Justified only on the grounds of self-preservation. President Wilson's policy has not vio lated any of the international laws. However, The Oregonian is, seeming Iv, never satisfied. When the Presi dent did use force at Vera Cruz The Oresonian asks: "If it is the right of the Mexican people to fight out the question of their form of government without outside' interference, what right had we thus to Interfere?" The demand of Admiral Mayo for a salute to the American flag was in accord with international usage. Ameri can sailors had been deliberately ar rested. The only course for the United States to follow was to support Ad miral Mayo's demand for a recognition of the dignity of the United States, and the Navy was sent to Vera Cruz. Yet The Oregonian calls this an "unwar ranted interference." I would be very greatly Interested to know Just what the policy of The Ore gonian would have been in this case. To me the criticisms seem very Incon sistent and unjust. L. R. TAYLOR. West Point, and, "GuBiugt." RAINIER, Or., Jan. 12. (To the Edi tor.) Does this district have a cadet at West Point, and by whom is the ap pointment made; and what are the re quirements? What is the nature of the fruit or plant advertised as gum-quat? ALICE A. CRAVEN, Librarian. This district is represented at West Point. Each Senator, Congressional district and Territory, Including Porto Rio, Alaska and Hawaii, Is en titled to have one cadet at the Acad emy, the District of Columbia two. Ap pointments are usually made one year at least In advance of admission by the Secretary of War upon the nomination of the Senator or Representative. These nominations may be made either after a competitive examination or given direct. Second candidates may also be nominated for obvious rea sons. Candidates must be between 17 and 22 years old, free from Infirmity which might render them unfit for mil itary service, and able to pass, Unless a satisfactory certificate is submitted; a careful examination is necessary In English grammar and composition, lit erature, algebra through quadratic equations, plane geometry, geography and general history, especially history of the United States. The pay of a cadet is 1709.50 a year and with proper economy is sufficient for his support It is virtually absolutely necessary for anyone seeking an appointment to apply direct to his Senator or member of Congress. For detailed information apply to Clarance Page Townsley, superintendent of the academy, or communicate with any of the Oregon Senators or Representatives. Gum-quat We have no available In formation on "gum-quat." Columbia Highway Limits. NEHALEM. Or., Jan. 11. (To the Editor.) Will you kindly inform me through the lines of The Oregonian, where the Columbia Highway begins and where its ultimate end will be, and how far it has been surveyed up to the present time? Also what pro portion each county furnishes of the cost for construction. BASIL SCOVELL. The Columbia River Highway be gins at Astoria and ends at Biggs, Or. It is surveyed and construction started at ail points. Multnomah, Clatsop and Columbia Counties have so far borne ail expense. Hood River has received some state aid. ntunicipal Corporation Charity. PORTLAND, Jan. 13. (To the Edi tor.) I note an article in The Oregon ian January 12, wherein the city gave a man J125 practically as charity, be cause one of the horses belonging to the city's fire department kicked him. The injured man's only fault appears to have been that he was working for a "soulless corporation," and the corpora tion does not appear to have been at fault for the man's injuries, but still nfey paid all his hospital expenses, probably without question. There ap pears to be a very pronounced tend ency for municipalities not to be will ing to assume the same measure of responsibility that is expected of Its private and public corporations and in habitants. Ought not the reverse prin ciple be the real condition of affairs? N, F. O. BROILI. Paat Participle of "Get." SODAVILLE, Or., Jan. 11. (To the Editor.) Please tell me the past parti ciple of "get." SUBSCRIBER. Got is preferred, especially in the United States, but gotten Is by many authorities allowed. International. PLACERVLLLE, Idaho, Jan. 11. (To the Editor.) A says if the whole world was at war it would be an international war. B says it would be a national war. Which is correct? ED WHITE. Such a war would more aptly be termed a universal war, although It would be international. Wrhrman Murder Caae. PORTLAND, Jan. 12. (To the Edi tor.) Having read about the Wehrman murder case, I would like to know why that hair the victim had in her hand was not investigated at time Mr. Pender was arrested, at such early period the mark must have showed. AM OLD SUBSCRIBER. No. PORTLAND, Jan. 13. (To The Edi tor.) Does an Ex-President of the United States get a pension? W. G. H1R3CHBERY, Oddfellows' Home. Eagrllah. HEPPNER, Or., Jan. 11. (To 1 the Editor.) Kindly publish what would tho nationality of a child born on a foreign vessel of English parents float ing on high seas under the American flag? Italy (Since the Balkan War.) McMINNVILLE, Or., Jan. 11. (To the jjitor.) Kindly state whether Tripoli Is owned by Turkey or Italy and great ly oblige , A. C. LEWIS. OUR POLICY TOWARDS MEXICO Senator Loose Reviews Wilson's Course of Ineffective Meddling;. Extracts from Senator Lodge's speech in the Senate on January 6, lr&: On, March n. 1912. Congress passed a resolution giving the President power, when he found that In an Amer ican country conditions of dorrrestic violence existed which were promoted by the use of arms or munitions of war procured in the United States, to ior l,iH th exnort of such arms or muni tions of war, and on the same day President Taft exercised this power and IniH n n omhnrtrn on thft CXDOrt Of arms to Mexico. Subsequent events in Mexico con vinced me of the unwisdom of Congress placing such an authority in the Presi dent. The Constitution reserves to Con- srretes th sole rittht to declare war. To put In the hands of the Executive the opportunity to alter neutrality laws which have been in existence more than 100 vears is coin far toward impair ing- the authority of Congress in the great, function of declaring war or maintaining -peace. We see how it finemtpd In this case. President Taft imposed an embargo on the export of munitions of war and arms, ana it was a direct aid to the Madero government. which was then facing an Insurrection. Then President Wilson, at a later period, lifted the embargo, and that was a direct aid to the insurgents who were opposing the government or gen eral Huerta. General Huerta took over the gov ernment, and in accordance with con stitutional forms became Provisional President. This was so near March that President Taft took no action in re gard to the Huerta government, feel ing that he had not the right to commit his successor on so important a point The instructions to Mr. Lind Involved a demand in the nature of an ultimatum-upon General Huerta that he should abdicate. It is not usual, Mr. President, In entering into negotiations, no matter how Informal or through an emissary, no matter how informal the emissary's position may be, to demand of the head of the government, with whom that emissary Is to communi cate, that he should abdicate. Such a ,j . .. .) ,1 ... laid ua ooen to a telling retort, and that Is the reason why the letter or. me mtn of Foreign Affairs in Mexico was so successful in his reply. General Huerta refused to abdicate and the correspond .Kiot. t hovA rftfArred to ensued. It was entirely possible to say that General Huerta s government w "li able to maintain international rela tions, for over a large area of Mexico it exercised no authority. Tt was pos sible and proper to say that the rec ognition might entail the validiflcation of the loans which the Huerta govern ment was then attempting In Europe. i ... j. ,.v. i .1 hnvA nlndcred certain revenues of Mexico, and thus deprived the United estates oi securing muo... nlty for injuries to its citizens. But those grounds, Mr. President, were not put forward. The ground on which recognition of Huerta was re- i ....... .n. v,a n-n a a man of bad character, who had reached the highest position ir Mexico by treacherous and ftiurderous methods. I think that high ly probable. That is the way supreme power has generally oeen muu Mexico. . D..4- ...I, an n.a ntlt OUT refusal Of rCC- ognition on the personal ground that the character or ine neau oi mo can government at tnat time was un n nrn tnnto we inter vened. Wo had an absolute right on international grounas to retuse retm k.,4- whan wa rav to anothcrna tion we object to the man who is at the head of your government or at the head of the only government ;ou nave got, because he Is a person oi ounu. ious character, we intervene in the af fairs of that nation. The President now had added to his feelings a personal resentment because General Huerta had not obeyed the President's demand for his abdication. An animosity is not a policy. The i . .. A HriTrinD- T-TtiArtn. from Dower and putting somebody else In his place was not a policy at an. ntieruicics, that was the object to which our Gov ernment addressed Itself. There apparently was an idea In the President's mind that there would be no resistance to our taking Vera Cruz. But after the bloodshed in the taking of Vera Cruz, the Administration did not aeem to have much stomach for the unexpected fight which had arisen and took shelter unaer tne iasai tun.c. ence. The object for which we sent those . ; i ,..... Vara PrilK WRS tO SnipB 1111U l . JU' ' - - get reparation for the insult to the flag, and tne reason ior mo bch. .. . ., j J I ..K.. with the lerlty aemauucu m ...... resolution was to stop the landing of a cargo or arms. ao iiul r.nw has Jiecome of the reparation for the insult to mo hub, h i- " I have never heard of It. The ship that orougnr. ine tnr ui 0.1..1., . . , -. . I Tn nntv WnV KlIP namea tno a j - could lana ner careo wu. uj permission irom us. inn. ji mmo..,.. we did not give. Clearance was given. The Yplranga landed her entire cargo . . 1 . .... it..i.. which was Oi arms at j .u ......... ......... In control of the Huerta forces. So we did not stop tne tanaing 01 uii by our expedition to Vera Crus. We neither got reparation to the flag nor did we stop the delivery of arms to Huerta. President Wilson just about that time took off the embargo on arms. That, t nn.s. wn n rHl hAin to the in surgents, with whom we were more or less involved as allies. The Secretary of War insisted, lor military reasona, no arms should be carried across the horder. That left Villa and Carranza in an awkward position. Then ensued the second Tamplco in cident. Our ships were withdrawn and placed nine miles away, on the ground that if they were there it might cause trouble. At Tamplco there were Ameri can citizens to be protected, and also American property. That massacre and assault were prevented was due to the action of the commanders of the Ger man and British ships which were lying there. Our ships were lying nine miles away. Our action at Tamplco in withdraw ing our ships was due to the fact that, unless the insurgents secured Tamplco, they could not get arms. They took Tamplco and they did It to secure arms. Our interposition was sufficient to cause Huerta's fall from power. The object of the President had been accomplished, but the policy of the United States had not been advanced one step. It Is certain that when the Mexican question was presented to us there were but two possible policies. I am speaking now of policies and not of personal animosities. One policy was to begin by exerting all the power and influence we had under international law and rnder treaties and In accord ance with the comity of nations to pre vent outrages, to prevent wrongs and to try to bring about pacification. That Is the way we should have begun, and then, in line with the policy of avoid ing war at all hazards, we should have refrained from any intervention beyond the efforts warranted by international law. , The other course was to enter Mexi co in sufficient force to take possession of and pacify the country and try to bring back a government there which would have the capacity of fulfilling its international obligations and at least establish order. To that course the United States was opposed, and quite naturally and rightly; but the course we did pursue was neither of those. We did not stay out and we did not go in effectively. These bandits have been turned loose and have thrown themselves upon the most helpless class upon women, upon the priests, and upon the nuns. It is a revolting story, unfortunately only too"well authenticated. Twenty-Five Years Ago. From Th Oreronlan, January IS, 1S0. Washington The appointments In the State of Washington are nriu'ig solution. Senators Allen and Siulrv arefor Hanford for Judge, but Rep resentative Wilson and the President appear to favor Judge Calkins, of Spo kane Fulls. Patrick Henry Winston, of Spokane Falls, is spoken of as tha probable District Attorney. The Mar shalship will go to Brown. 11111 or Berry.. Fostofflces have been authorized and established In Lawen. Harney County, with Elisabeth Norman postmistress, and at Oakley, Harney County, with P. H. Gray postmaster. Chicago Judge McConnell has grant ed the motion of John Kunse for a new trial in the Cronin case, but denied the applications to the principal defend ants, Martin Hnrke. Daniel Cousthlin and Tatrlck OSulllvan. The three were taken to Joliet prison aevarnl hours after the Judgo had pronounced life sentence. Calro Henry M. Stanley and his party did not atop over at Sue, as It was reported they would, but pro ceeded to this city. Che Kheillve. tins conferred on Stanley the MedJIllrh decorations. The monthly meeting of the board of directors of the Y. M. C. A. wna hol.l last night, I. A. MarniB presiding In the absence of J. Thorburn Boss, pres ident The report of acting secretary Noel T. Jacks showed a progressive condition of the association work. There are 160 men In the various ed ucational classes and 611 In the gym nasium. A call was sent to E. r. Fsy to be financial secretary. Miss Jennts Blodgett was engaged as elocutionist. The place was in a public hall. The time to all In tho room except one, who thought that there was no time like the present, was about 1 o'clock in the afternoon. Among the dramatis personae were Governor Tennoyer and ex-Governor Moody. Ex-Uovernor Moody had occasion to go out and In doing so he took Governor I'cnnoyer'a hat by mistake. A look of amaaement. not unmixed with pensivo reflections, o'erspread tho countenance of Ore gon's Governor as he noticed the re assuring expression on the ex-Governor's face in taking the guhernatorlnl hat. Governor I'ennoyer thought be himself was entitled to the hat, at least until the next state election. Ex Governor Moody waa profuso with apol ogies on his return, but l'ennoyer told Moody not to do It again, unless pos sibly It was after the votes were counted. The Northwest Fire Marine In surance Company stockholders yester day increased the number of directors by admitting W. T. Slater, of Salem, and S. E. Young, of Albany. The fol lowing were re-elected: J. Loewen berg. C. E. Sltton. J. K. Gill. F. K. Arnold, J. McCraken, F. M. Warren. H. L. Pittock. D. 1. Ollphant and Frederick Eggert Julius Klein and Anna Carter hava taken opt a license to wed. E. May, a Oerman, and Nllls M. Bern, of Sweden, have become full fledged citizens. LACK OF DEFENSE IS LAMENTED Further Disarmament of I'nlted Slates Viewed Aa Fatal. TORTLAND, Jan. IS. (To the Edi tor.) In The Oregonian recently a cor. respondent In expressing his approval of the present Administration's peace policy and attitude toward military activity, makes the following sug gestion: "It is the duly of all nations to disarm and stop the horrora of war. The United States should lake the initiative by setting the example for other nations to follow, in order to establish arbitration and co-operation, instead of the destructive method of settling international questions by the force of arms." But would the nations follow the example? The suggestion is absurd. I would be pleased to see Ihis happy condition ushered In. but not until the lion and the lamb lie down together, and little children play with wild beasts without fear of harm or danaer can such a' condition prevail. Human nature Is the same today that It was a thousand years ago. and when men or nations become enraged, they seek re venge on their adversary, either as In dividuals or as nations. The glowing platitudes of men who advocate dis armament sound very nice, but sup pose the United States should rsrry the policy of disarmament a little further than it Is at present, with no adequate protection against foes with out or foes within our borders, how long would it be until anarchy, rapine and murder would bring a reign ot terror? If Invaded by a foreign power, with an ambition to extend lis domin ion and lay chiini to the great wealth and possibilities of enploltlng our country, we would be helpless and our boasted liberty become a sacrifice to stupidity and Inaction. Why do banking institutions keep shotguns and other arms always ready for action? The security of a nation Is In Its power of defense, and no nation thai does not safeguard its people and In stitutions py organized force can long exist, Thenatlon or Individual thai will not resent an Injury must aubmit to Insult. Never on earth has there been a prize so rich In material resources, more helpless for defense against a strong militant nation, than our own country under the policy of -watchful waiting." . A ., n 1 danaer doea not remove 11, nor preparation for invite rreseat Attorney-C.eneral. ECHO. Or.. Jan. II. (To the Editor ) Please let me know If the report Is true that Mr. MrReynolds reslane.l from the of.c. of E. Mr. McReynolds left tho Cabinet to take an appointment to lh United States Supreme Bench. Thomas Watt Gregory Is th present Attorney-Gen-eral. Incident In Football. Tuck. Visitor Why all thla riotous cele bration. Pldn't your team get the worst beating In football history? College Student Yes; but Rah-Rah-Kahl the game, lw lliil." more than any other one In tha coun try. Rah-Rah-Kahl The Retailers' Annual Tombstones When the retailer takes stock he always finds on bis shelves a cer tain percentage of stickers tha tombstones of bad business. They represent good for which there Is no demand. We auggeat to retailers that they look over tho undesirables and notj how very few newspaper advertised articles there are among them. National products that ara news paper advertised do not linger on your shelves. There Is "a definite dsy In and day out demand for them. They aell readily and give satis faction to the customer. i