THE MORMXG OREGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 13, 1915.
12
NEW GOVERNOR OUTLINES NEEDS AND URGES ECONOMY
Mr.Withycombe Opposes Exaggerated Leniency in Prison Policy, Recommends Centralizing of State Administration and Pleads for United Action to Upbuild Oregon by Fostering of Industry.
STATEHOUSE. Salem. Or., Jan. 12.
(Special.) Governor Withycombe
read his first message to the Legis
lature today. In full It is as follows:
Members of the Legislature:
In accordance with the provisions of the
constitution and the- custom ot preceding
Governors. It becomes my duty, as It Is
jny pleasure, to address to you upon this
occasion a message of greeting, and. In
some measure, of suggestion relative to
the welfare of the s:a:e.
At this time, with the recent election
still fresn In mind. 1 desire to express to
the people of Oregon, through you, their
representatives, my slncero appreciation and
gratitude for their action In selecting me
as iheir vhlt executive. The realization
ot the support and loyalty nf my friends,
demonstrated at the polls, will always be
among the happiest recollections of my
life-
But. while appreciating to the utmost de
re the honor conferred upon me. I am
equally aware of the responsibilities that
aecomoanv It. and the difficulties besetting
the position which I have been called to
ti'.l. And. therefore, it is with nothing
of the rid of attainment, but rather
with real humility, that 1 face you at this
tun of lnausura lion, realizing fully the
difficulties that confront me, and desiring
onlv that siren Kth and wisdom may be
forthcoming so that the people of Oregon
shall have Just cause for satisfaction at
the record of their Governor. To prove
worthy of the confidence reposed in me
la my sole desire.
Mate IevrlopiueDt lint.
It is your duty to provide new legislation
and amend ex. sting iaws for the well-being
f th people who have sent you here. In
al your deliberations I would urge upon
you one paramount consideration, namely,
that you constantly remember you are
building, rot solely for today, but for the
future. I.t th record of tnis session be one
jf forward-looking legislation. Oregon is
but In her Infancy, and more than ail else
she needs sound assistance In the develop
ment of the resources nature has given
her. AH tfrat ill tend to increase the
productivity of her fields, her forests, her
streams and her factories, now and in the
future, dewrvci your enthusiastic attention;
and all that is bound around with petty
trafficking or sectional antagonism merits
naught from you bul disapproval.
Kspeclaily 1 venture to recommend that
this I-egis.ature set a record for brevity,
prtlru.rly in the number of laws passed.
Nothing tn the general situation demands
gret activity in the Held of law-making,
and assuredly the popuiar frame of mind
)reaars thankfulness for th least possible
. new legislation. A short, sane session, with
a few good laws, is at this time luf.nltely
preferable to a lengthy assembly, replete ,
lth drastic changes and burdened with j
many enact menu carelessly devised. I
bsie Forward. Not Hack ward.
It doe not seem to ma entirely fitting
f.iat a ilovftnor just taking office should
ii-nipt any compr hensio summary of tne
nri.nir.1 nnHLtitin of state affairs. His lack
vl oerscnal familiarity with the routine of
toe off l -e naturally woubT make It pre
sumptuous fr him to burden you with
anything preirndmg to be an accurate re
capitulation of the several departments dur
ing the biennium. It is rather for me,
tnm, to offer suggestions concerning ways
and means for the future betterment of
the state, a work in which we may all cu-
oerate.
At the outset, I desire you to understand
that 1 appear here today seeking no personal
favors, and with no inclination to exceed
I ne propr I initiations of my office. la
short, I have no "pet measures." and have
tto intention of exerting such power as my
position may give to influence you unduly.
There exist, then, no desire on my part to
Interfere with the legitimate functions of
tills Legislature. On the other hand, it
s-etns to me the unqualified duty of the
Governor to take full advantage of his
p jsltion to t y.pres disapproval of legisla
tive action, should necessity demand, using
his prerogative not as a weapon of dictation,
but solely to safeguard the public Interest.
In this connection, 1 venture to point out
the dangers of postponing legislation until
the closing hours of the session, when con
fusion must result from Its haphazard con
aideratlon. It occurs to me further that con
venient to the Legislature and ultimate
profit to the taxpayers would result from
the adaption of a rule providing that all ap.
propri:ulon hills be presented not later, say,
man the twentieth day of the session.
Centralised hjatrra Favored.
In the consideration of governmental de-j
Telopment In Oregon during the past few I
years, one fact is clearly apparent; namely, j
a, tendency toward de-centraiization. What. l
ever the immediate causes behind it. this
tendency creates a division of authority
and in a great measure the apportionment
of duties among several officials in place of
our. Accompanying this division of author
ity has come a division of responsibility,
-which works. It seems to me, quite contrary
to the development of the highest efficiency.
urthermore, any tendency involving the
employment of several heads instead of one
I usually accompanied by extravagance and
;it
While Oregon in a great measure has been
dirvlpating her covernmental authority
anion t; a.i Increasing number of officials,
the trend of scientific legislation elsewhere
Las been In the opposite direction, t'entral
Uation of ad ministration and responsibility
Is becoming more and more universal; and,
apparently, with success.
Unless initiated too drastirally. or carried
beyond the bounds of pood judgment, steps
toward reason a Me centralization in no wise
merit rlas.sif leal ion as Impractical. The
tendency has proved its worth lu actual
operation. Therefore, I deem It wise to
expresj (he opinion that Oregon's legislation
In the future should be guided by the gen
eral rulo that centralisation is desirable la
the administration of state government.
In this connection I think It highly fit
ting that in several Instances offices which
are now elective should become appointive.
The virtues of such a change arc centraliza
tion of responsibility anil a Mtorter ballot,
w hich. under our tystem, are particularly
desirable.
onomy In Keynote.
Kconomy probably in the keynote of. th Is
twenty-eighth legislative session; It was
til dominant factor in pre-election pledges,
a nit it it devolves upon us to sou th:t
thee promise lire put into practice. All
that concerns expenditure merits your most
painstaking attention. The principle upon I
which we should act when mat money is
concerned is the same as If thai motif
were our own; we should Insist upon re
ceiving one hundred cents of value for every
aoll-tr expended. loubtless such advice is
hackneyed, and perhaps it savors of ped
antry but. nevertheless, it is disregard of
Just such a principle that too often dis
credits public administration. So 1 respect,
lully submit the thoucht. assuring you mat
so far as I urn concerned it wlSl be my
sole gum in w hate er connection 1 may
have wirh the governmental expenditures.
Annual, or continuing, appropriations have
come to be regarded w iuely as unbusiness
like. I heartily approe the suggestion that
the policy of making appropriations con
tinuous cease, with tie exception of the
rate s educational institutions, w hose inter.
e IS can be servrd best where- a stated an
nual income is assured and constructive
plans adapted, to the amount definitely
available. Further, our educational insti
tutions shouid be relieved of the necessity
of biennial campaigns for funds before the
Legislature with their attendant likelihood
of political bickerings. -
special Kund Oppo4w'
At present, state receipts from several
sources are segregated under spec-al funds,
and can only be pa:d out for specific pur
jKises. Often no cash la on hand In certain
Jutld. and the state is obliged to issue
warrants bearing interest, even when large
mounts are lying Mlo tn the Treasury but
r not applicao.e to tne expenditures in
oled. The s:mp remedy for this w&s:e
In unnecessary interest payment is to hae
all state receipts pia. ed in the general
fund. In be us d ss required. This would
t economical and businesslike, and would
Su no wis disarrange the existing safe
guards of the various funds, whine accounts
Would be conducted separately, as at present.
Much has been said about the need of
ei-oiiooiy 1-glsiaiion directed at the several
departments of state government. I heartily
concur tn the- feeling that reforms tending
toward economy are desirable in state ad
ministration, and no doubt these will receive
wise consideration from you. But 1 venture
t point to a, field of endeavor even broader;
wameiy. to county administration. luinng
the last few years of ecli UH paid in
taxes In an average county about $1?.a0 has
gone to the state and approximately 37.StJ
to the county. In other words, county ad
ministration costs the taxpayer three times
a much as state. Undeniably, there are
many leaks in county government that well
inay be checked by adequate legislation, and
It la ,iuy hope that effort for economy and
efficiency wi:i rot stop with the state but
-will proceed to tie details of county affairs,
hewslasj lened To Cutly.
Wl;h some hesitancy T call your attention
to another field for ec l imy. and one close
at hand. Tie clerical aud stenographic
forew at the last le?Itfve bession cos; the
ata:e 4i,9JZ.. aud In this detail showed
a increase of mvn tiiau Zi per cent over
the' 1911 session. The total cost in 1913,
&9.S6i.&3. waa more than SU per cent
higher than the 1911 session's. So far aa
am able to determine there is no sound
reason why this Legislature, bo commenc
ing Ita economy programme at home, can
not save at least 120.000.
The people of Oregon have decreed, by
a decisive vote, that the liquor traffic shall
end in the state after January 1. 191. They
have imposed upon you the oblfiration of
nutting orohibition into effect, aud. it oe-
comes your duty to provide laws that will
actually prohibit the sale and barter of
intoxicants. These enactments must neither
be ao drastic as to be non-enforceable, nor
so lax as to be ineffective. In short, your
difficult task is to devise ways and means
for making, and keeping. Oregon actually
a prohibition state, so long as the will of
the people shall decree.
While it is for you to provide antd-liquor
legislation. It Is perhaps well to re mm a vou
that in a great measure the enforcement of
the laws you enact will oe tne uovernor
resTionsibilitv. Or. I might better nay.
general supervision of their enforcemen
will devolve upon the state's executive, who
ultimately will be held responsible oy tne
people for their satisfactory administration.
Constitution Change Vrged.
Therefore, you are earnestly urged to pro-
rido the Governor or whatever official up
on whom may be placed the responsibility
with the means of Droperly enforcing tns
prohibition laws. To perform this duty ade
quately, in my opinion, it win oe uecerj
to amend the constitution, authorizing him
to remove dellnauent officers.
section 19 of article 7 of the Oregon con
stitution, provides that "public officers shall
not be impeached; out incompetency, cor
cuption. malfeasance or delinquency in of
fice may be tried in the same manner as
criminal offenses, and Judgment may be
-riven of dismissal from office, . . .
In Other worus. ll oincers are reinusa id
thntr duties sav a Sheriff In .enforcing pro
hibition he can bo reached only through
criminal procedure, and often by the time
the tedious cure is ettectea tne in nas Be
come historic. To mend this situation
recommend referring to the people a con
stitutional amendment which, would change
the section quoted above so as to conform
with section 1 of article A. or tne uon
stitution of the State of New York, which
provides that the Governor may rerao e
ny Sherirr or uistrict Attorney witnm mo
prm for which he is elected, giving such
officer a copy of the charges against him
and an opportunity to be beard.
To make such supervision of law enforce
ment practicable, it is essential that funds
be provided to defray expenses oi inves
tigation or any special action that the ex
ecutive may be called upon to undertake.
The last Legislature appropriated $lo00 for
special agent work uurine tne oiennium
I venture to predict that in the future such
a sum will prove utterly inaaequaie, espe
cially after the prohibition amendment goes
Into effect. In this connection, witn an
regard for economy, it Is worth reminding
vou that the fruits of such investigation
work inevitably are fines wnicn bring tar
more revenue to the public treasury than
the outlay involved, even disregarding the
moral obligations of the case.
Bureau Abolishment Kerommended.
With the end in view of economy and
higher efficiency, the following changes are
recommended in certain state departments:
The State Tax Commission may well be
abolished, and the work of the present body
transferred to the office of the Kail road
Commission, w hich should be given authority
to employ an expert In taxation and assess
ment to conduct this branch of the office.
It is my opinion that the scope of work
handled by the Kail road Commission make
its title Inadvisable and 1 recommend the
substitution of the name "Commission of
Public Utilities."
In the Slate Industrial Accident Commis
sion there are three Commissioners with an
aggregate salary of JtO.SOO per annum. It
Is believed that one Commissioner with an
office force equivalent to the present one
could handle the work of this department
with satisfaction to the public, and with
desirable economy and centralization of re
sponsibility. To effect co-ordination I sug
gest the consolidation with the Accident
Commission of the Bureau of Iabor and
the Industrial Welfare Commission. In this
readjustment the present Labor Commis
sioner should remain the responsible head
of his department and retain his present
salary to the end of his elected term. I
further recommend the establishment of a
malting period for Investigation before pay
ment of claims, and a broader classifica
tion; In connection with needed changes In
our law. i earnestly suggest consideration
of the Michigan law, which, to me, seems
most excellent. In all that concerns this
department It is essential that the Interests
of the workingmaii be sareguaraeo.
I also suggest that the duties or tne
State Sealer of Weights and Measures be
merged with those of the State Iairy and
food Com mission er.
Laboratory Merger Proposed.
There are now being conducted In Port
land three distinct and independent medical
laboratories, supported by taxpayers and
needlessly duplicating work and piling up
expense. To eliminate this condition I
recommend the consolidation of the State
Bo3rd of Health Laboratory with the
Pathological Laboratory of the Medical
School of the Cmversity of Oregon, and. if
the authorities of the City of Portland
agree to the desirability of the move. It is
further urged that the City Laboratory be
merged with the two above mentioned under
some co-operative arrangement mutually
eq uitabte.
Tne state is at present virtually employ
ing two architects, one at the Capitol and
one at the Stat- 1'niverslty. It would seem
that In the interest of economy one archi
tect should be sufficient, especially as but
extremely little new construction of state
buildings will be undertaken during the
coming hlennium. A T2refore, while appre
ciating fully the admirable work done by
the present Incumbent. I recommend that
the activities of the State Architect's of-,
OREGON'S NEW GOVERNOR, WHO READ HIS FIRST MESSAGE j
TO LEGISLATURE YESTERDAY. I
i p ' " 'i'" ' " 11
t . - Nv x N t - :
x - , - N -
. ? - " -
increase greatly overbalanced by the ben
efits derived. Also, the state haa some 700
acres of stump land and 1000 acres of un
drained land, all located conveniently to the
oententiary, which should be grubbed and
Jrained and placed in a high state of cultivation.
HUH
x4'h
DR. JAMES W1 T H YC OMBE.
flee be merged with those- of the univer
The offiee of Ktatn Bank Examiner sbould
be placed under the general Jurisdiction of
tne estate i reasurer, etinuuuuug uhocv.-w
sary overhead charges.
i stifiFKt that tha offices of State En-
s-lneer and State HIjrnway Engineer be
combined, under the State Engineer, who
shall have an unsalaried advisory board of
three members, especially Qualified in roau
matters, to co-operate with him in all that
concerns slate highways. Here, again, cen
tralization of responsibility would result.
and. I believe, the overhead expense tor
office and field work of the two branches
of state engineering would be materially
reduced, and a higher state of efficiency
secured.
Inquiry by Committee Assea.
The above recommendations I have made
because it seemed to me that In the sev
eral instances Involved the need for reform
Is especially npparent. However, I do not
t all feel that the possibility lor aesiraoie
centralization and governmental improve
ment ends with these few suggestions.
While, no doubt, several feasible plans, look
iny toward centralization und economy, ar
now available, affecting certain details of
state administration, yet it occurs to me
that there is not now time for the thor
ough investigation which the. involved sub-
ect properly demands, i nereiore, i sug
gest the appointment of a non-salaried
committee, eitner to oe composea oi legis
lative members or to be appointed by the
trovernor. which shall examine Into the sub
ject during the coming biennium and report
fully to the next Legislative Assembly its
recommendations for securing a more com
prehensive reform than could be undertaken
wisely at this time.
"Wise roadbullding is probably the best
Investment the state can undertaxe, ana
for Its encouragement I recommend con
sideration of some plan for the establish
ment and us9 of a larger state road fund.
I suggest a one-half mill state tax, the
combined revenue of It and the existing (or
improved ) graduated . motor vehicle tar to
be expended from the state treasury in co
operation with the various counties for
trunk roads within their boundaries, their
construction to be under state supervision.
Cheaper Money- Wanted.
It Is generally conceded that agriculture
Is our basic industry and If we are to re
alize a truly Greater Oregon we must lay
the foundation by means of constructive
legislation for agricultural development.
Among the most vital problems of this in
dustry are better roads and cheaper money.
Our National Congress apparently may fail
to enact rural credit legislation, and It Is
recommended that this Legislature memo
rialize Congress to take action on rurai
credit banking laws at the earliest prac
ticable moment. In the meantime, I suggest
that effort be made to evolve a rational
state mortgage credit system, calling to
your attention ne fact that today Oregon's
farm mortgage indebtedness is approximate
ly 22,000.OO0. Of this, some $6,000,000 Is
supplied from the state's irreducible school
fund, loaned at 6 per cent. The average in
terest paid on tho balance is probably 8
per cent, the 2 per cent difference involv
ing on nnnual burden on Oregon's farmers
of SSCO.OOO, which, in. a great measure.
might be eliminated.
In inanv of our Eastern counties, agrl
cultural development is being seriously
threatened by a growing rest of rabbits.- To
those affected, this is a 'matter of general
Importance and It deserves serious consid
eration. I would recommend that a small
appropriation be provided for devising ways
and means of scientifically combating the
rabbit iest.
The biennial reports of the penal and
eleemosynary institutions of the state are
before you. As intimated above, I do not
deem It within my province at this time to
burden you with a lengthy statement aeai-ine-
with tha details of their conduct.
With one exception my investigations have
led me to believe that both in pnysicai con
dition and management the institutions are
fairly creditable.
Prison Conditions l"n satisfactory.
I cannot speak so optimistically concern
ing the Oregon State Penitentiary. In many
respects that establishment is in an un
satisfactory condition. Broadly speaking. Its
chief demerits are Insufficient equipment
and the unemployment of its inmates.
During the last month there were 160
men in the penitentiary without occupation
and there seems fair reason to expect that
the number will Increase. Such a condition
is contrary to the dictates of humanity and
economic wisdom. So far as possible the
prisoners should be kept physically sound,
and assuredly their labors should be utilized
tn tho utmost, for their own good and that
of the taxpayers who are forced to support
them.
Two methods of employment within the
penitentiary Itself are practicable. One, the
manufacture of articles for use in other
state institutions, is already developed
nearly to the extent of its limited field.
The second is production of something not
manufactured by free labor elsewhere in
Oregon; an example of this policy is found
at the Minnesota penitentiary, where the
convicts not only pay their own way but
actually show a substantial profit through
the manufacture of farm machinery.
Outside the prison walls the convict la
bor might well be employed in the con
struction of state highways. Such work
would add materially to our assets; It would
take nothing from free labor, being' con
struction that otherwise would not, and
could not, be undertaken; and it would add
but slightly to the cost of the institution, in
camp upkeep and. extra guards, an
EXCERPTS FROM GOVERNOR WITHYCOMBE'S MESSAGE TO LEGISLATURE.
Oreson is lut in her infancy and more than all else she needs sound assistance in the development of
the resources Nature has given her. i
All that is bound around with petty trafficking- or sectional antagonism merits nought from you but
disapproval. .... , , ' . .
A short sane session with a few good laws is at this time infinitely preferable to a lengthy assembly
reulete with drastic changes and burdened with many enactments carelessly advised.
Economy . . . was the dominant factor in pre-election pledges and it now devolves upon us to see
that these promises are put in practice. ' .
The principle upon which we should act when state money is concerned is the same as if that money
were our own. , . ..,
Annual or continuing appropriations have come to be regarded widely as unbusinesslike. ,
' During the last few years of each $100 paid in taxes in an average county about $12.50 has g-one to
the state and approximately $37.50 to the county. In other words, county administration costs the taxpay
er three times as much as state. Undeniably there are many leaks in county government that well may be
checked by adequate legislation. ...... ,.,...
The clerical and stenographic force at the last legislative session cost the state $J3.93J.9o. ... an
increase of more than 20 per cent over the 1911 session. So far as I am ablo to determine there is no
sound reason why this Legislature, by commencing its economy programme at home, cannot save at least
"0'Your. difficult task Is to devise ways and means for making and keeping- Oregon actually a prohibition
state so long as the will of the people shall decree.
Wise road building is probably the best investment the state can undertake and for its encourage
ment I recommend consideration of some plan for the establishment and use of a larger state road fund.
It is generallv conceded that agriculture is our basic industry and if we are to realize a truly Greater
Oregon we must "lav the foundation by means of constructive legislation for agricultural development.
With one exception mv investigations have led me to believe that both in physical conditions and man
agement the institutions "are fairly creditable. I cannot speak so optimistically concerning- the Or eg on
SUate Penitentiary In many respects that establishment is in an unsatisfactory condition. Broadly speak
ing its chief demerits are insufficient equipment and the unemployment of its inmates. During the last
month there were 160 men in the Penitentiary without occupation. . . . Such a condition is contrary to
the dictates of humanity and economic wisdom. v.
Outside the prison walls the convict labor might well be employed in the construction of state high-
WSJt present there is no way of segregating the youthful first-offender from the hardened criminal, so that
in a great measure the state is conducting a school of crime, as the novice quickly imbibes the spirit of the
veteran crook and much of his knowledge. ......
The feature of the prison policy of the past which probably has most concerned the general public has
been the tendencv toward exaggerated leniency. I desire at this time to state emphatically that it will
be the policy of "the Governor henceforth to entertain all due respect for judicial decisions and. where
Judge and jury have passed upon a case and sentence has been pronounced, only under the most exception
al circumstances will I feel warranted in setting aside or seriously modifying such sentence. The abolish
ment of the death penalty coupled with a growing disposition to regard lightly the binding nature of
Judicial sentences instills me with the belief that a more sparing use of the pardoning power will have
a alutorv effect upon the criminal element and is demanded in justice to the community at large.
Today Oregon's greatest need is payrolls. The development of manufacturing will provide wages for
many of our immigrants and they, in turn, will supply markets which will make profitable the agricul
tural development undertaken by others.
The war ... is teaching us the possibilities of our own country.. One of its results on our conti
nent will be to give a fresh, vital meaning to the phrase "Made in America" and it is my sincere hope
that by proper action and foresight now we can broaden the field of products bearing the stamp, "Made
Unreasonablo restrictions on commercial activities should be frowned upon and every effort made to
ward the speedy and fair development of Oregon's resources.
The public sVhools are truly the bulwark of our civilization and as such merit our most hearty interest
and support The rural schools are suffering for the want of efficient teachers, nor is it difficult to as
certain why. Each year Oregon requires over 1000 trained instructors, but we produce, through our Normal
Schools, but approximately one-tenth of that number.
V svstem of constabulary or state police should be formulated, independent of the citizen soldiery, so
that' these men may be left free in the work of preparing themselves for the needs of National defense.
Such svstem, 1 believe. i easily within our grasp and is desirable.
With "the experience of the past to draw upon and by following a policy of careful development with
strict safeguarding of the rights of the man on the land until recently considered too little there is every
reason' to hope for the establishment of an irrigation situation reasonably satisfactory to settler and in-
es,oT.-h:itver inethod mRy te fouowej in handling the revenue derived from fish and game licenses, it is
my opinion that Justice to the sportsmen of the state, who exclusively provide this money, demands that it
should be expended for fish and game .propagation and protection.
Surely there is cause for infinite gratitude and thanksgiving among us now when God smiles here upon
a land of peaceful plenty, while so much of the world Is plunged In warfare and want.
il
Prison Called School of Crime.
I Of the 431 inmates of the penitentiary
in December. 309 were serving a rirst terra,
and were under thirty years of age.
At present there is no way of segregating
the youthful first offender from the hard
ened criminal, so that in a great measure
the state is conducting a school or crime,
am rhn nnviee nuicklv imbibes the spirit
of the veteran crook, and much of his
knowledge. Sufficient financial assistance
should be rendered the institution to al
leviate this condition, and make reason
able segregation possible.
It would be wise economy, in the long
run, to Drovide the institution with a larger
dairy herd, and to give it more farm land.
The feature of the prison policy of the
past which probably has most concerned
the general public has been the tendency
toward exaggerated leniency. I desire at
this time to state emphatically that it
will be the policy of the Governor hence
forth to entertain all due respect for Ju
dicial decisions, and where Judge and Jury
have passed upon a case and sentence has
been pronounced, only under, the most ex
ceptional circumstances will I feel war
ranted in setting aside or seriously modify
ing such sentence. The abolishment of the
death penalty coupled with a growing dis
position to regard lightly the binding nature
of Judicial sentences, instills me with the
belief that a more sparing use of the par
doning power will have a salutory efTect
upon "the criminal element, and Is de
manded in justice to the community at
large.
It seems fitting to speak In behalf of
one class of sufferers -who merit state as
sistance. I refer to the indigent, crippled
or deformed children. Their plight Is no
less pitiful and deserving than that of the ;
insane or feeble-minded, and far more meri- !
torlous than the criminals', whose mainte-!
nance Is literally forced upon us. Oregon I
owes something to these little unfortunates,
many of whom may blossom forth Into i
notable men and women if only their
brains aro given the opportunity for de-
velonment which their bodies can ne er
achieve. I recommend their plight to your
thoughtful consideration.
Payrolls Greatest Need.
Of late we have devoted large sums to
the exoloitatlon of the state's resources.
An organized publicity campaign has been
conducted, its double purpose to matte
known Oregon's attractions throughout the
world, and 10 bring settlers and investors
to the state. It is my judgment that the
time has come to transfer some of this ef
fort into other chan'nnels. Rather than
continuing so strenuously our endeavor to
draw people here, let us devote more of
our zeal, ana more oi our money, m m
tahllshine- them after they arrive.
Today Oregon's greatest need is -payrolls.
The development of manufacturing will pro
vide wanes for many of our immigrants,
and they, in turn, will supply markets
which will make profitable the agricultural
development undertaken by others.
The situation we face at this time 1:
bright with potentialities. It Is a matter
of common knowledge that the European
war has crippled manufacture across the
Atlantic so desperately tnat recovery win
require years. This has meant, in many
Instances, that we of America are thrown
upon our own resources and obliged to
undertake the manufacture at home ot
countless articles and products for which
formerly we have looked to Europe ex
clusively. The war has been educational
In this respect; It Is teaching us the pos
sibilities of our own country. One of its
results on our continent will be to give
a fresh, vital meaning to the phrase "Made
in America" and It is my sincere hope
that hv nroDer action and foresight now
we can broaden the field of products bear
ing the stamp "Made in Oregon."
Development Plan Proposed,
' I propose that you authorize the appoint
ment of an unsalaried committee of seven
experienced business men whose duty it
shall be to investigate the possibilities of
profit to Oregon's existing institutions, and
tha establishment of new Oregon industries,
created by the pending changes in interna
tional trade and manufacture due to the
European war. the shifting economic con
ditions produced by the Panama Canal, and
our rapidly enlarging commercial openings
in South America and the Orient. And
suggest that some portion of the money
hitherto devoted to publicity be placed at
the disposal or this committee tor tne
employment of an expert who shall devote
his time to its work, under the supervision
of Its members.
In other directions we should avail our
selves of every opportunity to promote and
encourage commercial investment and de
velopment In the state. By overwhelming
votes at the last election tho people evi
denced their hostility to drastic legislation
likely to harass legitimate business enter
prise. The indication should be followed.
Unreasonable restrictions on commercial
activities should be frowned upon, and
every effort made toward the speedy and
fair development or Oregon s resources.
Under this eeneral head it seems ad
visable reference should be made to the
office of Corporation Commissioner. Dur
ing the biennium this department has pro
duced a profit or more tnan $4uu.uuj in
fees collected over and above expenses.
While such revenue is admirable the fact
should not he ignored that the primary func
tion of this bureau is not the creation of
revenue but protection of Investors and the
general public. It is most unwise, it seems
to me, that unduly harassing restrictions
be Imoosed upon corporate activity, for
nothing that tends to discourage legitimate
Investment should be sanctioned. Further,
it aDnears that in some directions there is
a tendency to inflict hardship upon bus!
ness enterprise by requiring too many ana
too exhaustive reports, the cost of whose
preparation must ultimately be borne by the
taxpayer.
Appeal Made for Schools.
The public schools are truly the bulwark
of our civilization, and, as such, merit our
most hearty interest and support. The rural
schools are suffering for the want of effi
cient teachers, nor is It difficult to ascertain
why.. Each year Oregon requires over 1000
trained instructors, but we proauce. tnrougn
our Normal School, but approximately one
tenth of that number. Therefore, it seems
to me good business for Oregon schools
and for Oregon taxpayers in the final
analysis that more generous support bo lent
to our institutions for the training of teach
ers here in Oregon.
The State University, Agricultural College
and Normal Schools are doing excellent
work and are receiving generous sup
port. I would suggest, however, to
the Board of Regents of these institutions
that the most rigid economy commensur
ate with efficiency be observed. It seems
most desirable that the cost to students be
kept at the minimum, so that every en
couragement may be offered to the young
men and women of moderate means to avail
themselves of the educational opportunities
the state offers. 4
A subject that I ' would touch upon in
passing is one which we are prone to treat
with too little consideration the develop
ment of a citizen soldiery for the purpose of
National defense. While this matter, in its
essence, is a National problem, yet under
nnr svstem of aovernment a serious duty i
falls upon the several states and territories
that or providing a reserve i iiueu
for defense should the calamity of war be
visited upon us. To this end the citizen
soldiery should have the sympathy and
support of the people. A system of con
stabulary or state police should be formu
lated, independent of the citizen soldiery,
so that these men may be left free in the
work of preparing themselves for the needs
of National derense. &ucn a sysiem, r Re
lieve, is easily within our grasp and is de-
irable.
Irrigation Needs Great.
Irrigation is a matter of vital importance
rt inrirA areas of Oreeon. The extent of its
beneficial possibilities Is hardly beginning
to be realized, while at the. same time its
problems are becoming better unaersioou.
with the exoerience of the past to draw
ppon, and by following a policy of careful
cevelopment with strict' safeguarding of the
rights of the man on the land until re
cently considered too little there is every
reason to hope for the establishment of an
irrigation situation reasonably satisfactory
to settler and investor.
Under the supervision of the Desert Land
Board. Oregon has Just completed, with con
siderable credit, the first irrigation project
ever built by a state. It is now for you to
nrovide legislation governing the mainten
ance of that project. I earnestly hope that
the rules devised win insure Dusiness metn
ods, and to me it seems desirable that so
far am feasible the affairs ot the project be
left in the settlers hands, rather than have
them become a minor detail of some govern
mental department. I further suggest that
the funds received by the state from the
sale of Tumalo lands be segregated in a
revolving fund, to be utilized at some fu
ture time for further irrigation aid, undei
state supervision ; interest at all times,
however, to be naid the state for the $450,-
nftn orieinallv advanced.
For the department of fish and game I
bespeak your friendly consideration. The
commercial fisheries provide our third
greatest industry, and everything tnat can
natural and artificial propagation of fish
and their protection is entitled to support
From the standpoint of recreation the re
sources of the state in fish and game are
of great consequence, and should continue to
be, as they are today, one of Oregon s
strongest attractions to the visitor as well
as a healthful boon to the resident.
Sportsmen Are Considered.
In the conduct of this department strict
economy and businesslike procedure are es
sential, not only on behalf of the taxpayer,
but in i ust ice to the work Itself, whose con.
tlnuance upon a worthy scale can only thus
be assured. natever metnoa may oe iut
lowed fn handling the revenue derived from
fish and game licenses. It is my opinion
that justice to the sportsmen of the. state,
who exclusively provide this money, de
mands that it should be expended for fish
and game propagation and protection. Cen
tralization of administration and responsi
bility in this department, as in others, is
highly desirable.
legislation permitting the establishment
of hydro-electric power districts would tend,
I believe, to a speedier development of the
state. I would favor the creation of dis
tricts somewhat along the line of existing
irrigation district procedure, whereby groups
of individuals In a community may band
together for the co-operative development of
the water-power resources of their neighbor
hood. By such a pooling of interest and
community-bonding, so to speak, small com
munities and farmers could put to beneficial
use natural resources now entirely wasted.
The same method could also be applied
in the reclamation of unimproved areas,
notably stump and uudrained land, by the
establishment of some system of land
improvement districts.
The Important events of this Summer on
the Pacific Coast are the expositions in
California. The last Legislature provided for
Oregon's representation at San Francisco ,
with reasonable generosity. As these great ,
fairs in our sister state mean much to us
through their exploitation of the entire
Coast, as an exhibition place for our own
resources, and in the travel they will bring
to Oregon, 1 hope that nothing will be done
now to diminish our opportunity of making
a brilliant showing at San Francisco. Es
pecially is this desirable in view of Cali
fornia's generous consideration of our own
I,ewis snd Clark Fntr. So through you I
urge the people of Oregon to participate la
California's season of celebration to the
fulicst decree,
Thasnka for Pearo Kxpreaaed.
There, la much more that might be said,
and with propriety. Hut rather than burden
you further with formal utterances J ah a 11
refer simply to the present lmppy situa
tion of the State of Oregon, tiureiy there
is cause for infinite gratitude and thanks
giving among us now, wheu liod smllta heie
upon a land of peaceful plenty, while so
much of the norm ia plunged in warfat
and want.
With an administrative platform based oa
fundamental state development, sane econ
omy tnd honest, businesslike procedure, I
now close this, my first inewago. And In
closing I desire to express to u my con
fidence in tho exceptional ability and hth
purpose of tnis :m Legislative Awrmbiv,
and to reiterate my earnest desire of co
operating with you. and all the officers of
the state, to the utmost of my ability.
I havo purpoeely made this message fur
briefer than has been cuntomary, seeking
to have it echo something of my hopes for
the future than to be m weriom recapit
ulation of the past. It haa, at leaat, con
veyed to you and the ieopie of Oregon me
deep sense of appreciation for the honor
and responsibility that have been sivon me.
JAM KM W1THYCOMBK.
Oot ernor.
CLARKE BOARD ORGANIZES
A. Kawson Is Fltvtetl riininnun by
Counljr Commissioners.
VANCOUVER. Wash.. Jan. IS. (Spe
cial.) The Clarke County Commis
sioners has met and organized. A.
Kawnon being1 elerted chairman of the
board. The other two members Hre
John P. Kijfplns, tho new member, snd
William Llndsey, who waa re-elect
The Commissioner went to Tortlnnd
lo attend a meeting of the Columbia
Kfver Interstate ftridire CnmrniMon.
ONE way to reduce the cost of living is to
watch the spoonfuls to learn the many
simple ways of kitchen economy.
You have heard a good deal
about the discovery of the
scientific Crisco Proce.y. Per
haps you have not realized
that one of Crisco s most im
portant advantages is economy .
Besides being a pure vegetable
cooking fat, which produces
digestible and delicious foods,
Crisco also is a money saver.
For the following reasons it is
economy to use
1
ISCO
For Fry in y For Sh ortenincf
for caJcefiaJcmy
Economy in Frying
Can be used over and over for fryinff
all manner of foods fish, onions, pota
toes. It is not necessary to keep different
kettles of fat for different fryings.
In deep frying, Crisco can be heated
hotter than lard without smoking.
By having Crisco hot enough and by
adding a small amount of raw food
at a time, there practically will be
no absorption. Notice how small an
amount has been used.
Economy in Shortening
Crisco is the richest of cooking fats. Less, therefore,
need be used. Crisco also is cheaper per net pound than
the best quality of pail lard.
Economy in Cake Making
Crisco cakes are as delicate and rich as butter cakes.
Crisco costs less than half as much as butter and
less Crisco need be used, because butter is one-fifth
water, salt and curd, while Crisco is 100 fat.
Her
Medicine
Chest
Instant Relief
For:
Baefcadw
Sora MuscIm
Stiff Nwk
Stiff Joint
Ache
Strains
CelJ rt
Cold Limb
rot Rhromatiim
Chronic Rheumatism
Muscular Rheumatism
Sciatica
Toothaduj
Infection
Intlammatioii
Couch
Sore Throat
4 be loae, on a busipesa basis, Lgw&rd tuo
IMIMIIf
KILLS PAIN (GUARANTEED)
DR. EARL S. SLOAN. Inc. Philadelphia, Pa. St. Louu. Mo.
Price. 25c.. 50c and 11.00
JU
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