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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 12, 1915)
TTIE MORNING OREGONIAN, TUESDAY, JANUARY 12, 1915. PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflca aa econd-class mailer. Sutscrlptlen ium Invariably in advance: (Br JIaiD "Daily. Sunday Included. on year "'?? Ially. Sunday Included, six months ..... -;5 Xfally, Sunday Included. three months - - .75 .00 3.25 1.75 .AO iai:y, bunaay induced, ont DioDin . Ially. without Sunday, on year .... I-stly. without Sunday, alx months Dally, without Sunday. three months Daily, without Sunday, one month . . Weakly, one year ....... ........ Sunday, one year ...............- Sunday and Weekly ona ysar (By Carrlar.) TDalTy. Sunday Included, ona year . Daily. Sunday Includad. ona month 1.50 3.50 .75 Flow tat Remit Sent! Postofflce money or aier. expreaa order or personal check on your local tn. stamps, coin or currj , T 7r nir s riskt. (live postomce saorm u ,, Inrludlna comtv and atete. Poataure Rates 12 to Id rases. 1 cent; IS fn a r.va -J Ma- II In A. nlfCI S CeAtS aV to o naaes. 4 cants: 62 to 76 pases, ft -ents: 79 to u2 pasaa, cents. Foreisn post- ir. double- ratea. Kavm Rnjnna nrflce Verree A Conk- )ln. m Tork, BrunaatcM. building; Chicago. etenser buildins. u FrmoriM-o Of fire B. J. Bldwell Com. ytany. ,iu Market street. PORTLAND, TCESD.W. JAN. It. 18 IS. Hm AS TO CONTRABAND. Great Britain's reply to the Ameri can protest against seizure and delay of American exports by British cruis ers is so frank and conciliatory as to assure an amicable settlement of the difficulty. Since the British reply concede the principles governing con traband which were laid down in the American protest, little remains to eil.-scus beyond the practical applica tion of those principles. On this point the most serious difference of opinion relates to the taking- of ships out of their course to British ports for search f their cargoes for contraband. This practice causes serious delay, which Injures American commerce. The ex- cuse made for it is that our exporters have, concealed contraband goods in or under non-contraband in such a manner as to necessitate thorough search and as to render search at sea impossible. This situation traces the trouble home to unscrupulous American ex porters, who attempt to make the high profits yielded by war prices while I evading war risks. Means can be found for detecting the tricks of these men by co-operation between the United States and Great Britain at the '. port of loading ships. Cargoes can be ; examined by American customs offi- . t-ers and British consular agents be fore they are loaded. A certificate from these officials as to the nature of a cargo and their seals placed o the ship's hatches ought to be suffi cient ground for a British cruiser to let a ship go on its way unmolested, when the seals are found unbroken The full extent of the mischief done to American commerce by diverting ships to British ports for search Is not revealed by the British figures. It is stated that, of 773 steamers bound from the United States to neutral countries In Europe, only 45 had cargo which was sent to the prize court and only eight ships were themselves held as prizes. This is the total of the guilty by which Sir Edward Grey seeks to Justify the drastic measures taken by British cruisers. The extent of the injury can be measured only by the number of ships carrying no con traband which have been delayed without cause. This delay is the pen alty paid by the innocent for the sins of the guilty. Co-operation between the two governments should confine this penalty to the guilty and let the innoceqt go free, for it should form a net through "vnicn mo guilty cannot escape. Statistics given by Sir Edward Grey as to American exports to neutral countries in Europe are misleading. They are designed to show that ab normal increase since the war began lias been due to Imports to those coun tries which were really destined for neighboring belligerents, but they are explicable in other ways. For exam ple, Italy has been compelled to buy copper in the United States because her supply from Germany and Austria was cut off by the war, and her own war preparations have doubtless in creased her purchases. The war has diverted trade from its normal chan nels to such an extent and has caused such an Increased demand for some commodities and such a decreased demand for others that a superficial view of statistics is very deceptive. When so evident a disposition to deal fairly with each other exists on the part of both the United States and Great Britain there is no reason to fear that the difficulty will not be amicably adjusted. Prompt decision is the Treat desideratum, for the longer it Is delayed the more injury will be done to American commerce and the great er will be the irritation produced. TKK DAY OF THE AVTOMOBILE. The automobile has come Into such ! general use for all purposes that it is ; evidently the vehicle of the immediate , future. At first used only for pleasure, I It Is now indispensable for business of every kind to carry passengers and i freight. In large as well as small volume. It has become second only to railroads and steamships as a means of transport in war. To the great sup- -ply of automobiles in Paris is ascribed the flank movement by which the army of Paris forced the retreat of the Germans when they reached the ; Marne. , The United States Is well In the lead us to the number of automobiles In use. and this number Increases at - an enormous pace. The Increase was ; from 1.1:7.940 in 191S to 1,808.441 in 3 914. or more than BO per cent, and ; the total value is estimated at about J J1.500.000.POO. Motor-cars are cost l ly to maintain and operate, but they are such time-savers as to warrant this expense. Automobiles have given a powerful stimulus to the movement for good roads, for their introduction Into gen eral use has coincided with heavy ex pense on road construction in many btates. As those who at first opposed rood roads have tasted the benefits, they have become converted, for they riave realized that good roads are a "boon to the farmer and freighter as veil as to the tourist. The time is rear when every main highway will be paved and when a mere track through the mud will be no longer dignified with the name "road." Such Inroads are already being made by the automobile on the traf fic of railroads that the time max come oca distant day when railroads will be considered obsolete. An auto-truck can pick up a load of produce at a farmer's door and deliver it at a merchant's door In the city as expe ditiously as can a railroad; it saves the extra cost of handling to and from the railroad. As good roads are extended farther from populous cen ters, the automobile's field of activity will be widened and Its incursions Into the railroad field will become more serious. As with the auto truck, so it is with the motorbus, which has long been popular in Europe and is now cutting: into streetcar traffic in this country. It threatens gradual ly to encroach on the traffic of steam railroads. Waterways may regain a large share of their lost traffic through the aid of auto -trucks. Were a solid road built from each landing place on the Columbia River into the interior, grain, wool and other bulky products of the farm could be hauled to steamers for transfer to the city, while fruit, fresh vegetables and dairy products could be hauled through without transfer. With well-equipped wharves, tugs towing fleets of barges and long trains of auto trucks hauling freight to the river, railroads might become unable to compete with water ways. COLLAPSE Or EATONTSM. Mr. Eaton's campaign for the Speakership failed completely. It could not have resulted otherwise. He has succeeded only in involving him self and the Institution for which he has stood sponsor the State Univer sity in the acrimonies and resent ments of a bitter and fruitless politi cal fight. He should not have pur sued it. after his defeat was obvious. and there should have been from his own constituency a protest against it; but It was not forthcoming, for inex plicable reasons. From the beginning Eaton has not hesitated to employ any available weapon of calumny and prejudice, in order to promote his ends, and to misrepresent In the most wanton and , baseless manner the influences op posed to him. For example, last wee he made a speech in Portland in which he said, upon the authority of an un named Informant the method of cowardly innuendo and mischievous tale-bearing that the Selling forces In the Multnomah delegation had agreed to seat C. M. Hurlburt, the dis credited representative, as a result of a bargain by which Hurlburt was to vote for Mr. Selling for Speaker. Tet in the roll at Salem, Hurlburt is re corded as voting for Eaton. Whether there was any agreement between Hurlburt and Eaton The Oregonla cannot 'conjecture; but that Eaton knew that the Multnomah delegation was under no sort cf obligation, ex press or implied, to resist any effort to unseat or expel Hurlburt is not open to conjecture. Yet Eaton was willing to repeat a mean falsehood casting discredit and dishonor on worthy men, in order to help out his miserable game. The campaign of Eaton was partly based on an effort to show that Th Oregonian had misstated the facts when, in its news columns, it said that thirty-one votes a majority of the House had been pledged to Mr. Sell Ing. and later, when a list of thirty- seven members, who had declared for him, was given. The result discloses that the statements of The Oregonian wern nrerailv correct. mere was never the slightest warrant for im pugning the integrity of The Orego nlan's news reports in this or in any other matter; nor was there the shad ow of excuse for the attempt to array the Btate, through the state press against the "Portland ring said to be dominated by The Oregonian. une Multnomah delegation is not a ma chine, but it is made up of useful and Dublic-splrited citizens, as Eaton ana everyone knows: and it has a right to resent any imputation that it is dom inated" by The Oregonian or any other newsnaDer. or any other in fluence. Now let us hope that the state is to have a happy release from Eatonlsm, as the Legislature has had a fortunate escape from Eaton. He misled a num ber of honest legislators into a prom ise to support him for Speaker; but none are to be congratulated more than they that the effort failed. AX INCIDENT FROM HISTORY. In these days, when the belligerents are accusing each of ill-treating pris oners of war. when many of the cue tomary restraints have been removed by the passion of the combatants, liar interest attaches to the journals of two young Cornish sailors, who were prisoners of war in France from 1804 to 1814. These journals have been nubllshed by Sir Edward Haln. They tell of bad rations, filthy prisons and forced labor, but, through one striking) Incident, they shed light on the soldierly nonor wnicn gov erned both captors and captives. While the prisoners were at GIvet, on the Meuse. near the present scene of hostilities, Xapoleon and the Em press passed on their way to Paris on November 9. 1811. The river was swoi len and had swept away the bridge of boats on which they had intended to cross The director of fortifica tions advised General Caulaincourt to get some of the English prisoners to make a "flying bridge," apparently a nontoon to be rowed across the river. About thirty prisoners were detailed to the work, and while they were en gaged upon it Napoleon went down to them and they all came arouna mm, The narrative continues: And now. any ona of these men, who would hava gone tip to a cannon a mouth hava deatroved this ancmy In battle. might with ona push havo eent hfra to tha lottom of the Meuse: yet. tar rrom naving .nv evil thouehts towards him when ha con flded In their good faith they were a aort t guard or honor to him as ne paasea me river. And so great was the commence mat h. hud in them that ha would have no one las about him. and thsre was not a single 'ranchman allowed to be upon tha flying ridge which they had constructed to bring mm over. It is doubtful whether the Kaiser would care to trust himself alone on boat wlth thirty prisoners of any nation hostile to him. If he did, the fingers of the prisoners might ache to be upon him, but probably a like display of confidence on his part would be met with equal good faith on the part of his hostile escort. SHALL CRIMINALS BE TVT TO IEATHT New York seems to be experiencing series of psychic waves foaming with projects of cruelty against human defectives. Not long ago the saintly and sapient Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia, recommended that all persons "who fell below a cer tain high physical standard should be excluded from college. None but ath letes and acrobats are worthy of the noblest culture in his opinion. Such intellectual pygmies as the poet Pope. William III of England, Herbert Spencer the dyspeptic, Spinoza the consumptive and a thousand more could be smothered in babyhood, or, at any rate, kept from humiliating com petition with the gifted tribe of foot ball men and track heroes. Dr. Butler's uplifting suggestion has no more than begun to fade from con. sciousness when a learned writer in the Medical Journal sees his play and raises it a point or two. This new Elijah wants all defective criminals put KV UCAVU. --''.-' . 1 the safety of society. Two objections I Of course nut object is to his scheme present themselves. For one thing, how shall we decide what criminals are defective ana wnat ones are normal? There is an influential school of scientists who hold that all criminals are defective in one way or another. Shall are put them all to death, the pickpocket, the white slaver and the burglar, as well as the . railroad financier and the fraudulent banker? It would save prison expenses and it Is not without precedent. Draco's laws at Athens followed this very plan. Little criminals deserved death, said Draco, and he could think of no worse penalty for big ones. Hence he slew them all indiscrimin ately. But his laws were unhappily repealed before a great while. the weakly sentimental Athenians could not stand their consequences. The other objection consists in the fact that "defective" criminals are not half so dangerous to society as abnormal- ly bright ones. Tne woria is never likely to be imperiled by fools and idiots, no matter how . many delin quencies they commit. It is the in tellectually brilliant offenders who make us tremble. There would be some wisdom, perhaps, in a proposal to exterminate such criminals. PRESIDENT THOMPSON. W. Lair Thompson Was elected president of the Oregon State Senate because he was recognized, by the common acclaim of all the Senators, as the fittest man for the Job. He had practically the unanimous vote of the entire body, including the two Democrats. It was a remarkable tribute, the like of which has not been seen in an Oregon Legislature for a long time. It angurs well for the Senate that, at the outset, it should have undertaken its work with harmony and good will all around. Senator Thompson is yet a young man, a native Oregonian, scion of a distinguished family, successful lawyer and experienced legislator. He has a thorough understanding of the state's needs and a keen desire to satisfy them. He will propose no fantastic reforms, or quack remedies, nor will he be overborn by the pressure" of sectional, or private, or political in terest. Ha will seek to solve all problems and meet all questions in broad and practical way. He has stiff backbone, and an infallible instinct for uncovering the real pur pose behind any proposal. He owes his election, as president, to no fac tion, and, for that matter, to no party, and he is in position to, treat all Sen ators alike. Without question he will do it. The Oregonian has an abiding con fldence that the Senate, under Fresi dent Thompson, will make an excel lent record. FAILURE OF THE ZEPPELINS. Placidly regarding the badly ex ploded reputation of the Zeppelins as war machines the Scientltlc world re- marks, "We told you so." Speaking through Waldemar Kaempfert, of the Scientific American, they now protest that they never expected much of the ponderous air vessels. These aerial monsters serve tolerably well as scouts, but when it comes to an actual attack on a fortified position, or even on an exposed body of troops, - they effect little. Here and there the diri gibles have done some damage, mainly to non-combatants. They have ruinea a few buildings in Antwerp and killed some school children In country Dis tricts, but not much more. Except for their scouting value the war would have run its course without them just about as it has with them. When the British troops were transported in unprotected vessels to Belgium, a highly attractive mark was offered to the Zeppelins, but they did not take advantage of it. The troops were moved in perfect safety. To be sure it was done by night, but the Zeppelins have searchlights which would have Illuminated the scene, Thev did not Interfere because, for various reasons, they could not. No doubt these air vessels contain the promise of great things in the future, but at present tney are cruae and ineffective. Monstrous ana awn. ward in shane they are still at the mercv of wind and weather in flight, while they cannot be safely anchored without enormous containing sheds sonaratn shed for each vessel. This reaulrement greatly limits ineir use fulness. Apparently it would be next to impossible to land troops from a Zeppelin in a hostile country. J. he performance, even if it did not end In the loss of the men, would almost certainly wreck the airship. For all the talk about wnat ziep- pellns might do, the Germans have put little dependence upon them. The Kaiser's troops have done a great qmi of destruction in Belgium, but it has been by means of their huge guns on solid bases, not by raining down bombs from above. From present ap pearance there Is no great reason to apprehend an invasion of England by airships. They may, as waiaemar Kaempfert thinks, blow up a building here and there, but they are not iiice- ly to accomplish a great deal more, WAR AND EDUCATION. The European war offers a great opportunity to the schools, according to President G. Stanley Hall, or (jiars. University. One of the basic prin ciples of modern education Is to pro ceed from the known to the unknown, The daily course of the war is known to everybody, even to boys and girls In the lower grades at school. Tak ing this knowledge as a foundation it might easily be possible to proceed backward into the past, following up the lines of historical events ana causes almost without limit. The ordinary process of historical teaching proceeds in the opposite way. Beginning with the unknown m tne remotest past it slowly crawls forward to the known, but by the time It comes ithin hailing distance of the present. the pupil's interest has long been ex tinct and history, like most otner school studies, is a dead mass of bar ren facts. The war enlivens both geography and history with burning interests. How the map of Europe looked when the war began and how mav possibly look when the war ends afford inviting matter for spec ulation in the course . of which the pupils' minds might be stored with a great deal of valuable information and much sound thinking might be done. But there is' one difficulty in the way Of all tnis. 10 many persons the war has become a disagreeably partisan subject, like religion and politics, and they want no mention of it in the schools. It is impossible discuss it adequately without of fending some of the many nationali ties which have sought.the hospitality of this country. Bringing with them, they often do, their old race hatreds. national prejudices and " - dynastic loyalties, they cannot endure any mention of the war unless it is confined to the "victories" of their particular preference. Thus the war, with all Its possible educational value, stands on the same ground as religion and politics. It cannot be taught without sowing dis cord, and must, therefore, in many cases, not be taught at all. This is a pity, but it is also a pity that fundamental religious instruction tt,,i k. onnrinnaH ,n4 decent nnlitl - cal topics shunned. An Institution which, like the common schools, dares offend no palate with its bill of fare must omit many an inviting dish. D. C. Heath and Co. have writ ten to criticise The Oregonian's state ment that "Americans depend upon textbooks more than any other literate nation, and our schools are the worse for it." Their remarks apply largely to colleges, while the editorial in . qUestion applied to the public schools. since Messrs. Heath and Co. dlscussea one thing and The Oregonian another. it will be difficult to argue profitably The less textbook and the more teacher, the better for the school. The literacy test for immigrants is opposed by women like Jane Addams because it gives no clew to a per son's character. We want immigrants of sound health and decent moral standards. A person may have both and not know A from X. On the other hand if he knows all tongues and books and has not charity, and some other things, he is a tinkling cymbal and apt to be brassy. From the Medical Sentinel we learn that two French physicians have in vented a rival to the famous twilight sleep. Their drug is advertised to work miracles in relieving pain, but analysis shows it to lack something on the score of novelty. The mar velous new invention turns out to be ouj old friend. Monsieur Morphine, slightly disguised. Commission government has long existed in the counties, but it has not been a conspicuous success. Perhaps lack of real publicity has been the main defect, but it ntust also be re marked that there has been no ef fective method of calling the Com missioners promptly to account. The opening of the Dardanelles to Russian- trade will be a distinct ad vantage to the world. These straits are the natural outlet from a wide and hls-hlv productive territory. If they cannot be neutralized they should be possessed by the country that can use them best. Havinr turned all the convicts loose and disbanded the militia (it wouio be libel to call that particular organ ization' a National Guard), all left for Oovernor Blease 'to do is dismiss all the peace officers of the state and chase himself into oblivion. I After Bpenaing so mucn money kj build the scenic highway along tne Columbia it would be a pity to spoil the prospect with hideous advertising posters. Dr. Andrew C sanitn s war upon these horrors 13 truly tor tne higher Kultur. An aged Belgian general, sentences by the Germans to life imprisonment, denounced the Kaiser and suggestea that the sentence be changed to ' , . . T5irion death. That is the true Belgian spirit. From Conenhaeen comes the re- . that thA f-.orm si n fleet ijUl t vi-o . u ...... ..... ' is preparing to go forth against the .p B.J " B -nr.. .v.. Ijriusn armauoa. n l 1 again, quick! With no more fear of the gallows. Central Oregon badmen continue to murder. These deeds will continue until the pendulum swings the other way. It has been a long time since we've ha.1 a RenuMlcan Governor, but hav ing re-established the practice we shall endeavor to make it a regular thing hereafter. The Austrian Emperor talks earn estly of peace hopes. That subject grows more and more pleasing to the Austrians who precipltatea tne war. It is possible Kitchener is not quoted exactly right when he is made to say real war will begin in may. unless, of course, he tola irvin lodd. Washington will not concede Britain's right to take cargoes into Dort for examination. What, then, if Britain continues to insist? Breakfast foods are in danger of j.n,n..i;-atiin Tha noau in Wil lamette University have organized a league. The King of Saxony eats war bread. Rut n lone- as' he Keens crow eii the menu he should be entirely satis- fled. Up In British Columbia, where law is .onelled with the capital letter, a murderous Hindu was hanged yester day. The prompt organization of the Legislature is a good omen of effec tive and decisive action to come. The Russian bear appears to be en joying nuiiiaeij. iniiuciwc, .... ..... T.,.viDh horrv Ttfltr-Vi I a.. r .nnr mnst nf tha nemo-I hard when cratic jobholders will die their time comes. However, we are inclined to wonder where Belgium will get off in the final peace settlement. . SDeaking of the rise In flour, the doughnut-man can balance by enlarg ing the hole. America is right in principle, says England. But not In armed prestige. we take It. Ha! The entire ready! German fleet is said to be Ha! And Ha! again. A hotel in danger of a raid needs "Safety First" sign for the unwary. Missouri boasts a bread trust. Anon we shall hear of a soupbone trust In a few hours it will be Journalist West and Governor Withycombe. The Japanese cruiser in the Atlantic s an honorable explorer. Franz Josef is a very old man and naturally desires peace. Howdy, doctor! Goodby. Os! Topical Verse The Pedestrian. I wonder how pedestrians Contrive to get along. The man on foot full soon, no doubt, Will have to wear a gong. He'll have to wear a gong to sound When lie would cross the street. I Perhaps at night he'll have a light I That carries forty feet. Equipped with headlight and with bell He may pursue bis way And make a bid to live amid The traffic of the day. Kansas City Journal. All Quiet In Mara. - Things quiet seem among the stars. i-e r Ih ? b?ie " Mars- Tne otner planets seem benign I neacefullv thev clow. I On none of them we see a sign Ol violence or woe. While this war is the biggest- fight That ever time brought forth. It looks at least as if we might Confine it to the earth. Louisville Courier-Journal. IVew Woman's Wink. T want to live so that m v soul IMay face the Judgment -day patrol And find emblazoned on the scroll "She has not played a super's role." I have no fear of Death's decay. And yet I wish him on his way; Until I've had a woman's say I want to live! I'm tired -of pots and pans and dust! I'm tired of "Can't" and "Don't," and "Must!" I'm tired of taking life on trust! I'm tired of heartache and soul-rust! I want to live! New York Times. The Modern GIrL We knock and criticise her. We scold, apostrophize her. We wish that she were wiser. More capable and kind. Her path we're always stalking To criticise her talking. Her clothes, her ways of walking. Her manners and her mind. We say, "Oh, highty-tighty ! She's frivolous and flighty. And all her ways are -mighty! Undignified to see. . She dances and she chatters. Our golden rule she shatters. And laughs at serious matters With unabated glee!" We chid and we correct her. We shadow and detect her. We study and dissect her. With all her smiles and tears, And find, on looking o'er her (And learning to adore her). She's just like girls before her. For twenty thousand years! Peoria (111.) Journal. The Busy Child. I have so many things to do, . I don't know when I shall be through. I Today I had to watch the rain Coming sliding down the window-pane. An(1 blowing softly on the glass To see the dimness come and pass. I made a picture with my breath Rubbed out to show the underneath. 1 1 built a city on the floor; I And then I went and was I And I escaped from square to square mats greenest, on mo miir o. ' But at last I came to us; ri!,nIreroi Because If I had stepped outside. t made believe I should have died I 1 . 11 . And now I have the boat to mend, And all our supper to pretend. I am so busy every day. I really have no time to play. josepnine reaDoay. If This Be All. if this be all, and when we die, we die. men iiie is out a, waniuu, jnuHauuuo lie; And of the hapless creatures that draw breath. We, who seem flower and crown, rank lar peiow The least of living things that does not know The dread of loss, the certainty of death. If pain and sorrow are without a scheme. Dealt out by chance, then, like an evil dream ' Of some dark fiend, this smiling, cradoufl earth. If wa that hunger never shall be filled. The sooner that our empty hearts are stilled The better for them and their aching dearth. Tet close, I feel, there wraps us an around Some mighty force, some mystery pro found. And, through my doubts and Ignor ance, r- trust The power that bound with laws the J And hung the stars in heavenly spaces ; ,i Mst. bv' their witness, fie both wise ni lust. . North American Review, I Tne Liimoer, A climber there was. and she made a dash (Even as vou and I) For a Dame with a name and a bunch nf rash We called her sf purse-proud sort of trash. But the Climber thought she was all the splashl (Even as you and I) Q. .he teaa we make and. the trouble we taKe k-nA.he excellent things we plan, For the sake 01 tne woman wno uui not liUUic (And nothing would ever induce her to come To one outside of her clan. A Climber there was and her goods she spent (Even as you and I), Preparing "The Season s uniei events, Though never to such the Grande Dame went But the Climber ner invitations aeui (Even as you ana it. Oh, the life we waste and the strife sa vaalA.' And the dinners and balls we Rlve. For the sake of the woman who will not come (Who hasn't the least inclination to come) Ajid hardly knows where we live. The Climber was pierced through her foolish prme i T.-.v-nn as vou and I). Which she might have expected before she tried. For the Grande Dame. never even re- And some of her smiled, but the most of her criea (Even as you and I). And it Isn't the shame and it isn't the Til ,1 m f Ti,.t h,irt like a brand-new shoe: It's coming to know she never would come (Seeing at last she never would come) And never mieimou - Carolyn Wells in Puck. Then and Now. Seven years ago today. General Sir Baden-Powell or ganized the Boy Scouts of England. Since then tha hero of Mafeking has extended his organlsa tion around the world, it being modified to suit every coun try. It was brought to Ameri ca in 1910 and it at once seized the Imagination of the American boy un der the name of the Boy Scouts of America. Love of EOoutlnr was Today there are more than 2.000, 000 Bqy Scouts In the world and America atands at the head - of the list. It was In 1K10 that General Baden-Powell came to the l'nlted States and Mr. Titonip-son-Selon marched his 100,000 "Wood craft 1 n-d I a n Brotherhood" boy tinder the banner of the Boy Scouts of America. Boy nil over the coun try beran to shower letters fo application for aroused in General membership on th Baden - Powell through reading the novels of Fen imore Cooper and heads of the or gantzation, and to day the Boy Scout In this country Major Marrlatt number 250,000. and It was through Over these are his gift as a scout that with only 700 about 6000 scout masters, and the men he held Ma Scouts' law fo feking against 12.- this biggest or- 000 Boers for over . seven months till the British relief ganlsatlon o youth in the coun try reads as fol arrived. During lows: "Honor this siege he made among: comrades, scouting expedi tions outside of the city almost fealty and obe dience to parents, employers and su every night anu periors, and to 'count the day lost organized the first band of boy scouts whose low de in the British scendlng sun army, which was views from the hand no generous of great assistance to him in his hold action done.' chi valry towards wo men and girls, pro on Mafeking. This convinced hltn that the whole tectlon of the empire was in weak and consid need of such an eration tor tha organization, but his Ideas did not take definite form till he had studied aged and infirm.' It has been said that "in these ringing creeds 1 such writers on outdoor life as Thompson - Seton, with his organiza tion of "W o o d craft Indian B r other hood," to be found the blood of a revived and militant knighthood come to arrest the men ace of greed and selfish ness and hlch then num e r e d 100,000 commercialism of American life." American boys. Thousands of the Then It was that boys in crowded cities have learned to shoot, ride. the purely mili tary conception of the Scouts that Baden-Powell had skate, swim, run, use tools and to know the woods n mind gave way to the broader and and its ways. finer Ideal oi. training boys Many in their new scout uniforms through scoutcraft have acquired self-reliance and to become all around knights of duty and kings of emergency in ev ery channel of life. r e s o u rcefulness for every occasion. JUDGE M'GINN'S IDEAS LAIDED Slater of Wayward"" Man Telia of Her Heartaches. PORTLAND, Jan. 11. (To the Edi tor.) I have not the peasure of know ing Judge McGinn, but his article on Denitentiary and boys makes me re gret not knowing him. I think It really too bad not to be able to have more iudges of such broad Ideas as a crlml nal Judge. For then many boys and their mothers and sisters would be spared the suffering of a penitentiary sentence. I am only one of the sisters who Is suffering from an unjustified impris onment of a dear, good brother. It was on a circus day at home, when most everybody was hilarious. My brother, who was 20 years of age, attended the night performance with his chum, and returning downtown very soon to bo come intoxicated. Their monfy ran out and they started home. In the Courthouse yard lay a man too drunk to stand. The boys removed his coat and hat, thinking it great sport to let him wake up minus these thine. They started down the street and walked into a policeman, who promptly ar rested them. They were booked for highway robbery after the boys admit ted searching the man's coat and find ing one nickel. The coat and shoes returned to the man, he refused to ap pear against the boys, but they were taken before a juage, wno naa no uni aging evidence airainst them, only the policeman who arrested them. Never theless, he gave those boys five years in the penitentiary, and all we could say or do did not move him. He said the boys were highway robbers and he would show them no consideration whatever. I was just ready to start for Oregon and promised to bring my brother here, but he said "No." Our hearts were broken. When he went away it was like he had died. We almost wished he had, for he was a happy, bright, healthy boy. When he comes home he will come a branded criminal, old enough now to realize the terrible stain which will cling like a loch and hang forever like a black cloud over a life that would have been forever bright, only for one man's word, which put our whole family into the depths of despair. juits. t . A RANCHER'S MEMORIES. I've been a-watchin' you, ol' wife, while vnn was dozin there. La. sleepin' beauty, as it were, in your big easy chair, Fur you are just aa han'some In your ol man s eyes as wnen The words the preacher spoke made me the thaDDiest of men. We'd just been married one short month it only seemea a aay When I voked up the oxen an" we Rtarted on our way To cross the plains an' mountains fur a new home in a land That'd scarcely felt the touch o" plow or man s improvin nana. It was a long, long journey, wife, an' filled with dangers, too. An' of'ntimes the star o' hope shone dim fur me an" you. But we Just kep' our courage up an' keo' a-ploddin' on. Along with other emigrants all bound fur Oregon. Tou never made the least complaint. but kep me full o cneer With pictures that your fancy drawed about a home out nere; In storms an' sunshine, bless your heart, you always wore a smile That seemed to light the trail a we moved onward mile by mile. A fsw of our migrattn' crowd that started weak an' frail. Passed over an1 we burled them beside the sandy trail, An' three good men the Injuns killed we had to lay away Where they wHl rest in unmarked graves till Resurrection day. But we escaped the dangers, wife, an' reached the goal we sought An" settled in this valley as a heaven favored spot, An' here our children have been born an' growed to manhood, and Have prospered, same as we have done, in this unequalled land. Here we've grown old 'together, wife. We labored at the start. An' faced some gallin' trials, but we both was brave o' heart. An" now as we are restin' here In life's bright afternoon We're thankful that we made the trip you called our honeymoon. We're blest with plenty, an' the boys we raised have plenty, too, I reckon all are wealthy from a rancher p'int o' view, Whereas If we had never j'lned that emigratin' train We might Why, bless her dear ol' heart, she's gone to sleep again. -James Barton Adams. Twenty-Five Year Ago. Krom Oreconlan January 12. 19M). Washington. T. C. Tha New Tork representatives today presented their claim for the location of a world's fair in New York rather than Chicago. Tiii-oma Two business firms col lapsed yesterday bevause of hlnh rents These wera the stores of K. C. Wlllard. retail grocer, artd the San Frsnrlaco tailors. . Olympla Senator Fairwoalher has drafted a hill tor the assumption by tha state of the Indebtedness of the terri tory which he intends to Introduce to day. The bill authorises the Istuanre of bonds In the amount cf $100,000. Astoria The Astoria Pioneer says we are once more confronted with the necessity of mil communication with the Interior. We are so situated thnt a few days' cold weather causes a sus pension of river traffic, and stoppase of the travel of mails. It shows the Im portance of securing a railroad with all possible speed. Persons who travel by stage between Frinevllle and The I'alles nra loud In their comphiint of a lack of accommo dations furnished pusienKers hoth hv the stage company and stntton keepers. At one of the stations about all that greets the chilled traveler is a cold stove and the frigid features nf tha proprietor collecting a dollar for supper and lodging. The work of advertising Oregon and its vast resources by the Oregon Immi gration Hoard goes hravely on. The last installment of C'o.ooo copies nf a descriptive pamphlet entitled 'Tort- land and the Country of Which Site Is the Metropolis'" was bring dolivered at the rooms of the Hoard yesterday. Ellis G. Hughos stated that S000 copies of this publication are being sent out daily. Berlin The funeral of the Empress Augusta took place yesterday. Half Century Ago. From The M..rn!ng Oresanlan. Jan. II, 1MI.V Cairo, Jan. 10 Advices from New Or leans report that the gunboat Rattier drifted ashore In the late storm i-a-tween Vlcksburg and Nutchoz. and wnat fired by a gang of guerrillas and burned to the wutcr's edge. Daniel Pelaney. Sr.. was 'I .icsday night shot to death by two masked men on the pnreh of hia home near Salem. The murderers then searched the house and made thoir getaway with IdiHI'i Records found later, made by tha aged man. revealed places about the house where about $64,000 it gold had been hid. It is evident that he anticipated the crime. Ho has several sons living near Salem and Portland. Salem, Or., Jan. 10. An unsuccessful attempt was made last nlaht to bur glarize quartermaster's Government stores in the Holman brl'-k building. Workmen and teams have been en gaged in digging us and removing the mud on Front street for three days past. They struck bottom yesterday between Alder nd Morrison streets. It is amazing to witness the perfec tion to which sewing machines have been brought at the present day, and the unlimited variety of work which ca-n be perfnrmed by one. I be new Orover & Baker" machine arrived In Portland yesterday, conslitneil to J. VS. ,1'ierson, ngent In Portland. More will likely follow. At the late city election at Corvallia 156 votes were cast. The Olympla Iemocrat I Washington) flays that a matt by tha name of Hl. e was robbed at Tumwater last Tuesday f tlOoO In greenbacks and 1100 In unlit The thief administered a strong dose of chloroform. Someone writing In the Rritlah Col onist, at Victoria, H. C, complalna that he colony of ancotiver Island la de. creasing In population and rerommemla hat the British government send ioob convicts to keep the colony going and U00 soldiers to watch them. WILLAMETTE CLIMATE C.ETS ,THK.RE. Do I like the climate, stranger, in this valley? Well, I guesa That there ain't no proper answer to yer question' ceptln yes. An' it wouldn't ho no atrctchin of the honest truth to say Thut I wuship it an' tell It so a doicn times a day. Llssen to my wife a-singln', voice as clear as any bell. ee the spring that a in ner actinn .flrawln' water at the well, See them youngsters piayln yonder an' a-hollcrin' In glee, Then switch 'round yer eyea a trifle till you focus them on in a. Jes' two years ago tomorrow. If my memory's got no flaw, Since we clum Into the wagon fur to leave ol' Arkansaw. Faces all about the color o' the yul- lerest corn pones. An' the ager huvln' shaken all the flesh bft of our bones. Sca'cely looked like human hein's, more like skeletons we were. Wife a-hackin' with consumption that was takin" holt o' her. An' the youngsters both a-cgughln'. me a-worryln' till, well, Got discouraged till I wasn't wuth pinch o' salt In helL Tuk a ranch here In this valley, an' we wondered If, the anmo Mightn't some day he our graveyard as a wind up of the game; Slep' with doors an' winders open fur to let the climate In. An we soon observed that gomethln' was a-padriin' out our skin. Wife got skittish In her action, kids begun to romp n' play 'Stead o' mupln' 'round an' cryin ' an complalnin' all tho day; As fur me 1 quit my frettln' an' be. gun to take on meat. An' t'd make a lenn hog jealous fur to see the way I eat. Do I like the climate, stranger? Llkln' ain't the proper word. Fur I wuship It. by Jingo, next to wusliipln' the Lord. Fur It'a rlil the hull caboodle o' the afreesin' breukbnne chills, An' the Arkansaw attachments shape o' country doctor bills. An' them lungs my wires a-usin , well. les. llssen to her sing. They're as sound as ary dollar in their clear an silvery rinK, An' there ain't a man e-llvln In mis hull long Valley atretcn That kin down me in a rassie. anj holt they want to Ketrn. lames Barton Aoama. Non-Advertising Failures . An analysis of the names of busi ness firms who fall shows that 90 are non-advertisers. Probably the same annlysls would show that moat of the failures were due to lack of business. Newspaper advertising will al ways increase a good business. It Is not in Itself an absolute guar antee of business success but It Is a mighty big help. The most successful businesses are advertised. I