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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 11, 1915)
6 Entered at Portland. Orsg-on. Pos'toffice scond-class matter. . Subscription Rates Invariably In advance. (By MaII. rail. Pund.r loeladed. on year IJ-JO Daily. Sunday Included, all months J.is liily. Sundsy Included, three months .. JC" Isi;y. Sunday Included, month Iisilv, without Sunday, one year ;" lolly, without Sunday, alx months J-J Lwily. without Sunday, three months ... J llv. without Sunday, one month -JV Weekly, ins year rundar. one year fcunday and Weekly on year w (By Carrier.) fealty. Sunday Included, on year J8 lai;y. fcuniay included, on month How t. Remit Send Fostoff 'cemoney or der, express order or peraonai check on your local hank. Stamps, coin or currency are at Mii!r'i n.k. Give poetofflce address In lull. Including county and state. Poets Kate 12 to 1 paces, 1 eent; IS to i. paces. - cents: 81 to 44 pages. 8 cents, lo tu pases. 4 cents; 6. to t page rents: T to - paces, 6 cents. Foreign post age, double rates. I -Cera Bmlnne Office Verree A Conk lh. N; Y-rk, Brunswick building; Chicago, btenger bulldinc. has Frant-re OffW R. J. Bldwell Com pany. 7 1J Market street. rvKTLA-ND. MONDAY. JANCARY 11, 1 HOKK THAN 0'E WAY TO PHOVXDE nyw. , Levy of a, millage tax Is perhaps the quickest and most direct way to raise moderate surrts for Irrigation, yet there are other methods almost as speedy and much less burden some upon the public There Is seri ous question, too, as to the Justice of a tax which applies to an entire state " tor what is primarily a local benefit ' and particularly is this doubt raised when property is so cispnjpuiuuiuiij distributed as it is In Oregon. Completion of an irrigation project In Crook County, for example, would undeniably benefit Portland. Yet Mult nomah County, whlcfc pays one-third of the state taxes, would contribute much more to the cost of the project than it could hope to receive in re turn In many years. The tax upon Wallowa, or Malheur, or Jackson would not be proportionately large, but the benefits to them would be so remote that they. too. would find re compense a long, long time on the way. We are not unmindful that the money contributed by the taxpayers to build irrigation works ultimately returns to the state to be used either for constructing more irrigation works or as reimbursement for state funds expended. But so far as the present generation is concerned a millage tax for reclamation is money out of pocket except that some portion of it may be received back in the form of indirect benefits through land development. An alternative for the millage tax has been suggested to take the form of a state guarantee of bonds issued by irrigation districts. It is possible, moreover, for the state to finance irri gation districts without large cost to itself. The state now has to the credit of various permanent funds the sum of 16.000.000 invested in farm first mortgages. These are securities which are in demand by private capital. The only excuse for the state becoming a competitor for such investments is the lower rate of Interest it is willing to accept. But this concession is largely '. personal to the borrowers. The benefit to the state coming from the ability of Its farmers to fiorrow at less than current rates Is remote. On the other hand private capital is loath to invest In Irrigation bonds. One reason is that interest payments are slow, as they generally must await completion of the project and the abil ity of the landowners to pay. But if such bonds are carefully safeguarded and construction work is supervised by the state. Irrigation bonds purely as an investment should be as attract ive to the school and other permanent funds as rarm mortgages. iu msuio a steady income to the funds the in terest on the investments could be guaranteed by the state during the construction period. Indeed, the ben efits that do accrue to the entire state from land reclamation would Justify payment by the state from the general fund of the interest on the bonds for a few years not as a loan but as a direct encouragement to reclamation. Offhand. The Oregonian is not able to discover a reason why Irrigation districts should be confined wholly to the land reclaimed. We have in mind one large project In Oregon, which, if completed, would greatly Increase the value of property in a nearby town, and. moreover, be of Inestimable value to two railroads In the matter of pro ducing traffic. On such projects why not apply the principle of local Im provement districts In cities where as sessments are levied against all prop erty favorably affected and graduated in accordance with the benefits that -.crrue? """Such a plan would enhance the in vestment value of the bonds Issued to build the Irrigation works, it would lessen the cost of water delivered to the tracts In the project and thereby Induce quicker settlement and speed ier cultivation, it would demonstrate the good faith of those who urged the Investment and promote a more wide spread co-operative interest in state development. Bonds of a district so organized would fulfill all the careful requirements that must surround and safeguard the Investment of the school fund. One thing stands out clearly. The Urn Is Inopportune to expect adoption of a millage tax or the approval of a state bond Issue for reclamation par poses. This is an economy year. Yet tha Legislature need not discard the subject on that account. There are feasible methods available for extend ing practical aid to the reclamation , of much seral-arld land in Oregon. These methods may be a little slower In result, but if economy is to be prac ticed by the Legislature costly speed in giving the people desirable things must be sacrificed and contentment be had with slower and less expensive OREGON LEADS. The statement made by a member of the Legislature the other day. in discussing the school system, that Ore gon ranked Just below the Southern states In point of Illiteracy, ought-not to go uncorrected. The absolute re verse Is true. According to the Government cen sus report of 1910 the percentage of illiteracy in Oregon in tne population 10 years of age and over was 1.9. But one other state in the Union, Iowa, had a lower percentage, and but one other state, Nebraska, equaled Oregon. Oregon" Illiteracy, what little there Is. Is largely confined to adults, and ao thorough Is the working of the ,t,nnl -v-f.m that nrobablv little. If any, reduction in the illiteracy rate can be expected until the new gen eration wholly displaces the old. This opinion, however. Is based on nor. recent records than those of J fit. Of the illiterate In Oregon In io in i c rent of . the total were more than 14 years old. The illiteracy rate for children between 10 and 1 years old was ' three-tenths of 1 per rent. A late bulletin issued by the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education, reports the illiteracy rate among such children to have been reduced In Oregon to one-tenth of 1 per cent since 1910. In other words one child in a thousand between the ages of 10 and 14 is illiterate. Louisi ana has 115, South Carolina sj, Ala bama 77. Th. .Tni t.i fwhich the Oregon school system reaches children and lifts them above the stage of illiteracy i ipsa siihtact to criticism -than any other element in its operation. COMMON SKNSK. Our Impression of the "Portland ring" 1. that It la not of tha sort to blacken Ore gon's finger. Weston Leader. The forea-olnar expresses the situa tion-within the shortest possible com pass. Assumption that twelve men picked out of a list of sixty or seventy candidates by an overwhelming major ity because of their known ability and integrity would lend themselves to un derhand methods or could even be deceived or enticed or coerced Into riisToHitahle nolitics is preposterous. The Eaton charges are an insult not alone to the Multnomah delegation but to the electorate of Multnomah County. WHAT ABOUT 19167 -Via favor a eincl Bresidential term, and to that end urc tne adoption of an amend mant to the Constitution making the Pres ident of the United Statea Ineligible lor re-election, and w pledge the candidate of this convention to this principle. From the Democratic platform of - 1.1:1. h. anriiHntik of this conven tion" cares nothing about "this princi ple" or any other principle enunciated . , I . . ....lac., it ic in a Democratic pianurm, uwco . - I laa- ont rnnvpnlpnt for him tO care. To be sure, he is a Democrat, and saj-s so; but a Democrat nonaaajo is best known by the celerity and au dacity with which he repudiates last year's definition of a Democrat. Possibly It was.a sup oi tne tongue, when the President intimated at In aian.na.ii. that hj. would be a candi date for re-election. Or possibly he was only "trying It on tne oub, -u i ... :t ..-nt.iri ha ronoived- It stirred UUH I. WW . up the enthusiasm of the admiring Democrats ana men mr. nw mnrnuslv intimated that he meant something else. Perhaps. Whatever he meant to imply, he will doubtless be a candidate again in 1916. It seems mevitaoie. . uai him In the face, of course, but he kicked the canal tolls plank to flinders and "got awaj wun. it ansi neither President nor Congress has. ever pretended that the 1912 pledge for economy was in nj binding. Tha Ttamn-rnHR Dlatform of 191 will be an Interesting document and meaningless. Mr. Wilson ought to write it. He writes well. He has con in, himxelf that mere phrase-mak ing is statesmanship, and he had al most convinced tne country. LEAVING MEXICO TO FIGHT IT OIT. rt tha n.-jnv remarkable things which President Wilson said in his Indianapolis speech, one of the most remarkable was the passage regard ing Mavinn Aftor nrnfessinflr a "reck less enthusiasm" for human liberty. he said: "I hold It ai runuamentai nrtnntr.iA that verv oeoDle has the right to determine its own form of government." He proceeded to say that until the end of the Diaz reign 80 per cent of the people of Mexico "never had a look-in in determining who should be their governors" and he continued: Now I nm for th 80 percent. It is none of my business, aiiu n """ " ness. how long they take In determlnlnc . It Is none of my om """" " yours how they go about the business. The i- ,t,.t Tl.n vnvernment Is theirs. The liberty if they can cet it and Ood peed them in cemiig . ia i it in nnne of our business now. neither was it our business when Mr. Wilson intervened by diplomatic no against Hurta. nor when he intervened by armed force at Vera Cruz. If it is the right of tne Mexican people to fight out the question of their form of government without outside Interference, what right had he thus to interfere? Mr. Wilson now says' in effect that v- ni iaavATBTipn in stew in her own Juice, bUflbefdFe deciding to do so he had by nis meuuims i Aii nn tho tiro nvpr which she is stewing. There is no especial merit in his leaving the Mexican iacuu... iht It nnt Anv President could have done that. President Taft did it during the Madero revolution, air. i'u.. ...riciini the woes of Mexico by his unwarranted interference and now aggravates them sun luruit-r iy his refusal further to interfere. Our duty to interfere in Mexico was, from the beginning of the series of revolutions, limited to the protection f American lives and property in that country and to the prevention of such a situation as would have provoked European interveatlon. While med dling between the factions he has done nothing to protect American lives and property, beyond telling Americans to . .t'nf Movirn. His meddling has helped to create a situation which would have furnisnea some auropwu i v. - criri A-rrua to intervene. and probably the European war alone has prevented sucn lnierveuuuu. ii-i nalffhhnHnir neODle. in the course of their quarrels, kill hundreds of Americans and aestroy or c-oi.iu-cate property of Americans, It is not only our right but our duty to inter fere. Mr. Wilson lntenerea wnen iie had no business and refrained from Interfering when he had urgent busi ness. By his own misguided policy, w k.,,rht nhniit the necessity for in tervention on behalf of our own citi zens and now refuses to move. The President realizes that many independent and Democratic newspa pers which at first supported his Mex ican policy have now oecome aisguai- ed with its utter futility, but ne speaks with contempt of their criti cism and boasts that ne Knows wnai he is talking about. Did ever man who had made a miserable fiasco assume such an egotistically aognjativ. attitude? He says In substance: l am fight and you are wrong, and that Is all there is to say about it. It has become a trite saying in de fense of Mr. Wilson's Mexican policy that he has at least Kept us out oi war :r with Mexico. He has so tar. dui what cost in blood of Americans, to at say nothing of Mexicans; ana at wnai cost In Xatlonal numinauoni ne have kept us out of such a war could without these dire consequences, had he left Mexico to seme its own af fairs when Huerta seized power. There Is no credit in negative action; there 1 less than no credit -when wrong positive action such as Mr. Wilson's has converted Inaction Into a positive Jahlrking of .duty. Had Washington THE 3I0RXIXG OREGOXIAIf . MONDAY, and Madison chosen to do as Mr Wil son does, they could have kept mi - nr.. mrith TTnirland. till t t us they ey n- had the courage to fight for the pri ciples they upheld. Ji-eeping u of war with Mexico In the man out iner he has chosen will not give Mr. w a place in history beside those tTilosn two great men. GOVERNOR WHITMAN'S OPPORTti? "'I. 1 C Whitman 1 A H5SU UNITY assumed office as Governor of New York wi vith the good will of the whole state, cept those who expect to suffer by ex- the reforms which he proposes to i ua v -, miflln0H a nnlicv which make. may ha JaKn'oH aa aun Jl nmcreSSiVe. It tarl.ulca i n t rni) nr-tion of a budget sy s- ctotA tnnnma and pxDenses. and investigation of the state departments with a, view to tneir co-oramauuu to the elimination of useless officials. Ho nnnnspla the Legislature to give attention to the increase of crime and lawlessness as menacing moral deca dence and ultimate decay." Mr. Whitman has an opportunity .... - . . T : 1 , . , which equals mat or iovernuia j.nuc, r-iovoionri Rnnwvrlt and Huehes. tw of whom became President, while Til den was defeated by so small a majoi itv that rinuhr atill exists in man minds whether he was not elected Hughes could possibly have been nom in,.t onrl oiortad in 1912. Th r.fiu.rnnnhln of New York has th been a stepping-stone to the Presi dency or to Presidential nominations tra-h of the 'men named inaugurat ed reforms after a period of scandal and misrule. Mr. wnitman naa im portunity to ' do likewise with every point In his favor. The Democracy is defeated, demoralized ana aiscreu iti anit tho .finvflrnor has the confl- Honr-o not onlv of the Republican party hut nf tho irrnwlnr independent ele ment. His splendid record as inu-:i ii.Ktifips belief that he has the will and the capacity to root out the graft, waste and incapacity wnitn have characterized the state during the two preceding administrations. Mi- whitman's onriortunity to make a fine record, the hope that he will make the most of it and the reward earned by former Governors under like circumstances have encourageu -or.ar.or. In other cities as well as New York to discuss him as a prob able candidate for President, ii ne should make good, he will certainly be considered by tne next itepuuntou v-iitiinr.i nnnvprrrion. but he will have several 3lrong rivals. The Middle and Western States now have far greater weight in conventions in proportion to New York than they had m tne uayo fnT, .nil flovo.land and there is a decided disposition in both' parties to cast off the domination - or e York. But the election of Mr. Whit man as Governor and of Mr.1-Wads-worth as Senator was an agreeable surprise to the country at large and miir-h to restore the prestige of New York. The Republican party Is In search of new material for leader i.i h ui watch Mr. . Whitman's career with the purpose of determin ing whether he Is or rreaiaeuuni ber and whether he can command the measure of popular support necessary to his election. ' T-nicc ho r.r snmo. (i t h p r man of the .to-o. o-onoration should develop sufficient strength to become a win ning candidate, it- is hlgniy promts that tho Tfcnuhlican Dartv will turn to Justice Hughes, of the Supreme Court In an unusual degree ne connnanuo .h. -andHonno nf all pipments. for he L 1 1 LUIlllUll'b ' is sanely progressive and has broad sympathies embracing- all sections. By 1916 the country is iiKeiy to oe mm- v-i.. , i, nf Trooident Wilson's phrasemaking, his schoolmasterly dic tation, his Governmental eipci uucuui t onri his ineffective, timid meddling abroad, and to be eager for the solid sense and firm, patriotic ret.- !t.,o nf -Tnatire Huehes. If Hughes can be Induced to overcome his scru ples about stepping from the judicial honch into the political arena, he will sweep all before "him. OBVIOIS REMEDY IGNORED. Secretary McAdoo assumes that the Government ship-purchase bill Is the only remedy for the scarcity of ves sels to carry our commerce. He says that subsidies have failed, that dis-r-Hmtnatine duties have proved un workable and that "changes In the navigation, laws with reduced wages to American seamen would not be tolerated." - ' No honest effort has been maae d the Administration to find any other remedy than Government purchase of ships. The navigation laws of tnis and other nations have not been studied with a view to learning what changes in our laws would render the shipping business profitable ana cause it- ..hv.i it has reDeatedly been urged that such a study would prove the possibility or so -revising out u that American shipowners could com- . ...i.i. rnpaiimiir nn.enual terms. Many newspapers have recommended this policy. But no attention naa hoon nniH to these recommendations. The Government no sooner finds a sudden emergency compelling prompt action than it turns aside from the natural, safe and easy way to the unnatural, dangerous and doubtful remedy of Government ownership, -wa naa,iio have rolected shio sub sidies and treaties- stand in the way of discriminating duties. We have started on the policy of fre"e ships as the alternative. IWls tne oniy policy which offers any assurance of perma nent success. It has succeeded with the great ship-owning nations, and there is no reason to doubt that it would succeed with the United States if followed to the end. We began by admitting to American register for for eign trade fareign-built ships less than a certain age. We now admit foreign built ships of any age. and have sus pended the restrictions as to survey and officers. This latter change, aided by the war has caused transfer to Ameri can 'register of over 100 vessels. We need only to make permanent the re moval of the restrictions mentioned -aj .a .Kminato all remaining restric tions in order to attract many more L ships to our trade. We snouia aamn foreign-built ships flying the American flag to the coastwise trade, for under the British flag they could be trans ferred at will from foreign to coast wise trade or vice versa. Only the revision of our laws In these particu lars is necessary to enable American shipowners to compete with foreigners and to remove any pretext for Gov ernment ownership. - Mr. McAdoo's assumption that changes In the navigation laws would reduce seamen's wages isi utterly un warranted and is a demagogic appeal to worklngmen to support his bill. kv. -o-mo-'a hill ahnlishinB- iirtDrison- ment for desertion would compel for- eign shipowners to scale up wages to the American standard and would re move one of the chief obstacles to re- That bill Is on the eve of becoming law. The ship purchase bill is one I ,-mr.ta.ra a? a riieoaso. Which i more afflicts the Administration. ' Whenever it finds any deficiency in tne maeni linery nf hiicinoss It aalimeS lUttL J more or Government interference is needed that tho nnvamm.nl mllSt itSelf iras-A in business. What Is usually needed is less Government interfer ence, more efficient Government. rcS latinn of nrivate ODeration r repeal obstructive laws. Government oper utinn nf anv business is the least ' . effl- aont fa., tho mm- reason above all others that success requires perm of nont rlii-oatinc hoaris ana COUIIUUU5 i- policy, while Government operatio means change 'of directing neaus and of policy every four years. The course of the Administration in the handlinir of patronage, wi when viewed in the light of tne Baltimore platform, has put upon it the oran It nrofessed the high est political virtues and has practiced , A 11X1 f .aa TtB (.(ItlflllPt ha alionated from it hosts of former CI ts nnnnrim who had accepted i I nrnmispa at their face value. Its con- ,-ii-oi a- mi, momhant marine. r" trol of the new Congress will be due y I . a i n Tiiihiin confidence 111 U C l-VJ a, iliiv i.i vx. tJ but to the continuance of the schism among Its opponents to wmcn it owes its existence. That schism is healing . . . . . 5s the faster because of growing disgust with the sanctimonious hjui-hoj which is exposed by the Administra tion's entire course of action. Parties are. becoming sadly tangled in the matter of state rights. South ern Tlomocrats in the House, who have 1- upheld the state rights doctrine, voted .. fo,,a n tho. hill authorizing- the s- Secretary of Agriculture to license warehouses for storage or iarra pruu-at- warohnuao rpceints to become negotiable and the basis for loans. Representative Ijenroot, a noruiwn Republican, opposed the bill as an in- r.ir,a.orr.ont nf atato HehtS. TllO bill passed the House with both parties di vided, but supported chiefly by Bour ha rom-rata State rlehts are a convenient principle for both parties to take up when useiui ana to auu." den when in the way. . . Chairman Moon, of the House post offica committee, evidently knows how .a u :1 inoir.M,t. into line. After his IV! nuip iiioM.Bv., special rule permitting new legislation in the postofflce appropriation uiu 4U hoon i-oioptori in committee, he stormed and accused his Democratic colleagues of beings under railroad influence. Next day" the rule' was brought up again and there was a lively exchange of compliments among tne uemocrats. The insurgents then fell meekly into line and helped to adopt the rule. The lash is still a serviceable instrument among the unterrified. Tn thi world of sin and sorrow. sometimes a ray shines through the clouds to mitigate the gloom. In the same newspaper is the story of a woman acquitted or Killing ner uus band marrying the alleged co-respond-f a widow chanted with conspiracy in the deed that removed her husband. . Happiness is elusive and is sought in devious ways. 'Rome dispatches indicate that Italy kg. ramgltiwi neutral in order to make money by selling supplies to belliger ents as well as to prepare for war. The Italian government acts with a northern deliberation-which does not agree with its proverDiai souinem fervor. - - "California -will not need to float a war loan in order' to buy guns and an,nti-n fnr tho kind of bombard ment which signalized the opening of the exposition at San uiego anu mai. which will take place on the opening day at San Francisco. s The Invlnclble's victory halted a happy thought. We were about to suggest that the British Admiralty, In stead of choosing such names as "Au dacious" and "Formidable," select "Target"' or "Bullseye" or something on that order. Men who turn in false alarms to make the firemen tumble out cold nights do not deserve fine or Jail sen tence. They should be placed behind a fire house and the boys allowed to play horse with them. Carranza's proposal to stop all games of chance must exempt the ef- tnrt nf tho white hODP tO UOWB JOhn- son. This is an endeavor that cannot be classed as a sure thing; so must be a gamble. The thirty persons injured while trying to get into Billy Sunday's taber nacle In Philadelphia never would suf fer a hurt while attending a service that omitted the hysterics. ' A company of English actors Is en route to the front to play for the ben efit of .the men on the firing line. That ought to put them In a good fighting mood. ""A picture of ex-Presidents Roose velt and Taft side bx side in seeming amity should bring a fancy price. The phot itographer who suggested it was not so silly. Urtticwn'ivp. whn ossav to make the 'K" bread must cook the potato In th ie Jacket, ror tne Desi oi mo i.uu lies under tne sKin. Charley Gates' widow soon will re marry, which is about what a sport like the late lamented would suggest. When Italy and Roum!nia get into tho wa- the allies will play- ring around a rosy with Austria Hungary-1 A battle between camel cavalry on the borders of Egypt would give nov- elty to the war news. The headwriters twill rejoice If the ar uhonld cut the hyphen out of Austria- -ITn n o-arv The Beavers will have them guess- ing, with four soutnpaws to pui em this season. Dmh.hiv a rnnii manv of us have been eating and liking 4. Dreaa wiu - knowing it. Secretary Bryan seems to De aooui poor a shot with a gun as wun ms mouth. So far the Invincible has Justified her name, but the war is not jet oci. Bombs may hit near the Kaiser, but he was not born to be scattered. Mud Is the most effective peace maker in Poland. JAXUARY 11, 1015. Twenty-Five Years Ago. From The Oregonian January 11, 1880. xtoHi-ivi Tho illness of the infant Kintr Alfonso has assumed a most alarming phase. He is suffering from convulsion ana a mHn iovci. i? physicians have about given up hope. Alfonso Jitii, tne aing, ia tno un-itu -ous son of Alfonso X1L He was born May IT, 1886. New York. President Foster, of the Republican League of dubs, has sworn to a. statement that he did not write the "fry the fat"-letter. He says that , . , , n..ji. B.iwABtoa tho nnmilar i LOluuei nuuicj ou&e,..,.... . , - subscription plan by which $5000 was raised. a -a v. a hnpn t n Mr. and Mrs. A. Francis at Mount Tabor, January The Deep Sea msning uompanj u elected a new board of directors, as follows: George H. Chanue, G. W. oa.,o. oi T ir. Hasoitine. re-elected: il w William S FarrelL E. H. Habig- - borst and William McGuire. -i 1 TJat.o,. wna norinllalv iniured yesterday when he was thrown from 1 : - l...a.a., hia ho-ao ran R W H V Oil I II1 uub.l " - - 1 Fifteenth street.. He sustained severe internal injuries, a rracturea skuii anu broken arm. ,rl Ta-aia Pnothlllli Q U1 i C t "H falf MW. Walter Reed, vocalist; Master Alfred Holt, violinist, ana miss jiaua i. ui ton, pianist, entertained at the Y. M. C. A last night. Secretary Blaine, it is said, received $1200 for his article on "Protection" in . i vn.th amoriaan Review at the rate of 120 a page. Gladstone wrote the article on tree traao, dui ms com pensation is not made public yet, n.hana n.viiin who has the con tract to build the bridge across Sulli van's Gulch, has returned from Astoria. - T tr,.nlintrlnti ia a-oiton1 with Say- ing, in a recent conversation, "I never got the worst of any bargain or busi ness I have yet undertaken." xr. w Tuao-ham 74 Mnrrison street. has written an article on the Austral ia a hoiia nwctpni for Tho Oreconian. He urges a meeting to enlighten the public on tne reatures oi mo bctici typ ing plan. TMa-a., T?all a Tntim a Tl H Afark Smith. as Pedrillo, provide a world of fun at the New Park Theater, where they are appearing in the opera, "The Queen's Mate." . -Ramhoirr. hottor U n O W II OS "Little Sam." is dead. "Little Sam" was the popular attacne at tne carriage ot Taaa-aa-o TO n LlfpP famnanV- fitablCS. I'hb"!," " - . camo a liitio .Yarn's associates in his first business undertaking as a boy of 20, tne union -iransrer i.omp-viiji, iw now wealthy citizens, but Sam lost his monev throueh misrepresentations of a friend. ATTACKS ON RAILROADS HARMFUL Oppression of Cstrrfera Is One Canse of Lack of Employment. HERMISTON. Or., Jan. 9. (To the Editor.) A few days ago Mr. J. P. O'Brien, vice-president and general maiiRirfir of tha O.-W. R. & N. Company, was interviewed in Pendleton with ref erence to when actual work would do begun on the Pilot Rock Junction, near Pendleton, and be repliedfthat it was laaoflni.O O Q lltlHt. th.O IITAilflnt CDH- ditions it was impossible for railroad companies to make necessary - unaii cial arrangements to make needed re pairs and contemplated extensions and attributed this . to the fact that there U...3 haaa , a m.iah flllv.rqA 1 P Bl si at i On. and we cannot but heartily agree with him in the policy or live ana ici live." The idea took root some years ago that all railroads were piling up im mense fortunes and, therefore, were great oppressors of the interests of the people.' Along with a lot of other Socialistic tendencies, the idea became popular with voters, politicians, some newspaper writers, ward-heelers and traveling-delegates. Public sentiment was against the railroad companies and all sorts of ap peal to prejudice until the public took the railroads by the throat, and is now in great danger of choking the life out of itself, along with that of the rail roads. It seems to me that the people fail to realize how railroad business has fa'llaa rxff 1 " thO n.lt t H" fl VMLTS. Ill the year 1912 it was nothing unusual, for 12 or 15 heavily loaded freight trains to pass mrqusn uur iiluc luj of Hermiston daily, while now, only two on-three pass in the same time. Business has fallen off partially be cause the Panama Canal diverts traf- ia K... raonv n.nnln thinl? that tho. ill., UUl 1 1 Hill J .wv.v ......... . course followed by the Democratic party s policy nas sometning to ao wun s-taa ai.ot nnt 'Ini. Kio-ht nf tho fact that millions of dollars have been spent in reduction or graaes ana dbi terments generally, and yet millions more are still needed to complete this a.a-ir thorohv milling railroads in DO- sition to haul freight at the lowest minimum cost. Yet there is a rumor that some "tack haaa. n a T? anr.vii t a t i v in order to bring his name before the public, will Introduce a Dill to curtail me tcii&i" of trains, thereby increasing the cost f Laaliaa. fmiirht Ul iiauiini, i' i'b"" Railroads are the main arteries of our commercial lire, ana wnen dusi ness is good with them, business is good with everybody. There are now . i .1 1 nf iHlo man In tha Ktate of Oregon, who. if the railroads were not hampered by the "tool Killer, would be at work today at good wages, finishing up the reductions of grades and completing the betterments of all t-a Vall,.aan (...-atoms in Alir fail- K 1 R f P of Oregon. Railroads should be treated the same as an individual ana are en titled to a square deal. ' We want more railroads, more feed ers to open up our isolated regions and to advance the development of iiii at aa oo of l.nri anil civo pun. venience, comfort and prosperity to tnousanos or people. H. G. NEWPORT. nii..r(.n. tilt a t San Dioaro. SAV DIEGO. Cal., Dec. 6. (To the Edi .itor.l To tne uregomans wno are residing in San Diego the recent visit of the Rosarians was a most welcome event, strengthening our pride in our native state. The Rosarians, in their white uni forms and headed by their splendid nd. attracted more attention than atho- ana foatnro. InririVnt ta the opening of our great exposition. The writ ter overneara a woman remurn. they marched by In the parade, "Tney the finest looking party of men T ar" have ever seen." v -aa tlliiatratoH lontilro. An the Co- I 1 U imbia River Highway, which was sriven i in tne wasnington ouiiaing wy ahiof one-inoor S. C Lflncaa- the was a revelation to those who were fortunate enough to be present. The people of Southern California are ex pending millions of dollars on the con struction of paved highways in order ii. attract the tourists, out rvature nas not lavished ner gins nero as in m north. . The majestic oeauty or tne Co lumbia gorge surpasses the scenery of th is country as a iveitn .lanascape eclipse, a penny peep-show. . . C. E. HICKOK. Rrmarfc off a Candid Chum. London Opinion. - "Why are you moping there, Dick?" "I've no one to play with." "Well,' go and fetch Freddie next door." i " "Oh, I played with him yesterday, and I don't suppose he's well enough to come out yet."-. 1 ABOLISH SENATE." HIS SOLVTIO.N f Colonel Wood Snarsests Menna to Stop Friction Over Appointments, PORTLAND. Jan. 10. (To the Kdl- in, 1 havo a norfa.-tlv RlmnlS S' )1U- be. tion for the problem of the friction tvptn tho Iro.aii1i.nt ana tne ouji ate on the question of patronage and o other questions: Abolish tne senate, nf aanvEo tho iinniiA would have to be reduced to manageable proporu . . . -1 . on". co aa rn no a roai nniiAH ti ... r i' ebate. h..t thlc. will huuo to ho Inn anv w sooner or later, as with the growth of population me noune ia ncum, unwieldy as to be both ridiculous so and dangerous. But why should the senate nave any thing to say about appointments? I faot. why tlic Senate at all? It woul ... a Ona .l.taa- if taO 11. ,1,001 of T Tll could hold up all tho appointments .of rn- hat tne CROinec, tne resiioiisiuic tsw.v ment of England, wouldn't it? . . .. 1 . . 1 .1 aa.ra- ha fft-irnllDTI t it B1IUU1U nc.ri n U . i'l t - " " the people of the entire United Stat I . ano man a lhair r V R II t tea t Cltjv:i juoi uii. in-" - the President. Kvery other man se ent to vasnington. is a iouhi rrincocui -i . .. .i in..n 11. ia not rostnn nta- live, c ; i--1 i ii ivioiij. ..w ..v. -.11,1. ta tho noanla nf tho TTnitd Stat on tes anl he is not responsioie to mjiwij the lUr 1113 cocwii," vijiui i Government. Suppose a collector. i ,i . ..,!,. ana,t,n.nt of or In 1 Bf. PT a L I ( IT II V . Ill "WOHll".i. , nm citv is inefficient, or goes wrong, Do the people blame the high mii.hi Stnutors who Derhaps f and forced Ll- tatn.ant TMrtt Of fill. Th hey nia ayjiwiiiiuivi'i, - - - --i-i tha r..aiiliint nnii thtv a Uloine v ' i n - - - quite sight, for the President is the are eir rosnnnslble servant. no in me u.. nlv .aaaaalhlo flllli it 1 M ft TV. H X 1 0111 Of ays on- Government that power should alway be given commensurate tvii.ii icou sibilty. The tresiaeni naiurouy ..if.intAri.Ai. seek the advice uid. of Senators, Just as he now seeks th he but tu v 1V-.0 j a. y - that n snouio nav-a .-- A""""- House of. Lorda put over him as a menace ana a ciuo ivwu. ""The compulsory consent of the Sen ate is all Tommy rot. The fact is. -.. frvrpfnthera. who were a wise as their generation permitted them to oe, leit us nnwi v nnlitical "iunk" in the United States constitution. With an eye on the monarchs or Kurope, mey icu . ik.i, a--n olncted executive. They only gave him four years, in . . . . . L hariii,, tr n I n r the wnicn Time ne tun j - - - reins; hardly warm his seat: hardly get a policy startea, mum - out. They nxea it so it woo i..-.w . chance that the President and the Leg islature will be of the same party . ... out tho same narmomousiy m v.o..j - - policies. Generally, the President and Congress are or opposite iji". - trying to put tha other in a hole, and when they are nominally of the same Darty aa now, you find the different localities struggling for their own private interests, the Senators parti cularly looking- to their own private politics and quite as anxious to ti the hands of the President as if they were his open political enemies. . - . , . -iont nf tho TJnitea wnai tne i i -.T.i. I.... - States needs Is more power oyer the legislative Drancn. do --- inet ought, ex officio, to have a place on the floor of both houses, with power to initiate bills, debate them, pull them out of pigeon-holes P"""' log-rolling and report to the people . . . -i aano horause. again. wnat 18 oenie . -- don't forget that the people of the United States have just one man on the Job in Wasnmgton ana mo... -President. Everybody else is If0' ,1 am not one of those who takes off his hat to the dead past In any Particular and I think the Constitu tion of the United States as I have said, contains more political "Junk to day than any instrument I know of. All of Its protections to life, liberty and propertv were In the Bill of Rights of England "before tho Revolution and are part o? the unwritten. English con stituUon today. Idolatry of anj - kind leads to trouble and this ignorant o..tr,of..he.dStrCti;. rutaasdrngerous Anything , .k.ow of If we wouia loos. simple modern forms of government of Sand. France and other European countries, we would see that we are living l & political Noah's Ark and onlv the genius of the people, and up to this time the relative abundance of UaSrUGt Get theHouse U to workable , pw. re therY:and abonsh the Senate come peupio m"'- sen. l-o-uiative chambers. out The "HousVof . Lords ha. Just one colltarv power: it can - -- soiiwy p o a- which can be governmtnio? EngUnd is in the Cabi net and House of Common. NO EXCEPTI01VSIX DRY STATUTE Contributor Declare, for Prohibition of Liauor Sale, by Anyone. PORTLAND, Jan. 10. (To tho Edi tor)The hotelmen of Oregon, princi pally Portland, would like to have the Legislature grant a special Prlvl,eKe .. th a-aftinc of the Drohibl- to tnem in me i-i,"o, . . , tion law. This would be prof tab e to them and the liquor incereix., quantity of alcoholic liquor. In th. state Btit It wouja do mi.-.-state. xs"Li urohibition amendment. I voted for a law tht would mean the entire pr oMbUlon of the manuiacture. w . .. , , a with no exceD- Ot liquor into vice.i'. -- - - tlons for hotelkeepers. druggists, or inyone else. Such a law we want. If a different one is - .",, lature it will mean that they are un true to the peoples Instructions, and There is no danger that a des Irable class of tourists or n... Vont away from the state because they cannot buy or sneak drinks. The best c?ass of home builders will be drawn by that very fact; while the tourists ran survive a brief drouth. Just as many win come, and the beautiful scenery of Oregon will-to Just a. fair Vj'w-'ant a real prohibition law; no triflinsr ana no exceptivno. triiuns HENRY BLOOD. The correspondent has apparently mi.i.nri-erstood the intent of the hotel men The proposal Is not that they be exempted by the Legislature from the provisions of the prohibition law, but that that question be submitted to the people. Vatno of Old Coin. ' NORTH BEND, Or., Jan.' 7. (To the Editor.) Wiiat is tne vaiue x v cent piece of 1836? J. RIORDAN. If it has a milled edge (Not lettered) iia-ta-a will nay from 75 Cent, to Ulltlli' ..... , . $2.50 for It, according to the state of wear- Make an impression oi it oy rubbing a lead pencil over white paper and send 'the Impression to the Scott Stamp & Coin Co.. New York. .Preference off e a-elscr EvJL Kow York Bun. "I can give you a cold bite." .aid the woman. .... Why not warm It up? asked the tramp. ... "There ain't any wood sawed. "So? Well, give it to me cold." Anxiety to Correet Mistake. Christian Register. "Look here!" said an excited man to a druggist. "You gave me morphine for quinine this morning." "Is that so?" replied the druggist. "Then you -owe me 25 cents." Half a Century Ago. From The Orosonlsn January 11, I""-. Jeremiah t'lrnien.-. rrrently hrnntur from Alabama. h wrltti-n n l.itrr dated at Philadelphia. l I.Mi ho urpes the return of Alabama to the L'nion uiuler separate state actinii. Sherman seems to bo alnrtlnir pror ations tending to the re.imlli-n -f Charleston. John T. Hall hns won t'ie veriiii l of the Jury In the suit Involving pnssi-a-.lon of tlio proierty on Klrsl and fi-c-ond streets between Stalk and Wash ington streets, known as the Tlieatef block. W. ". l'aite bviiiin tlie suit f'-r the plaintiff victor In 18i:i. Mr lii a sea captain. Tho income tax Is bi-Kinliing lo be a matter of importance, now Unit the year has closed. Now is a good tlmo for everybody to check up their ac counts while everS-thin Is fr.sli In ... -i iaa- -.i ni.lt mil the necep- tneir iiihivi.t, - sary report, incomes from JfiOO up are subject to the special tax of from I l.i 10 tier cent, accoroing io tne ainuum the income. The photograph gallery lone con liiicted bv Huchtel & tsrdwcll has changed hands. The total number of children enrolled . - alia -.al,a..l a (V O Vtl I ti - 111 I'TIII- in tne pin. in; i.w.... . - cipal E. Beebe. I. S59. The averse at tendance for the quarter was .ji. . -.11.1 a - a. mo into town vester. a. nun uiii . ...... - - day the very heart of town, and aroused some curiosity, ruuim.... alizlng his dannerous position, ha . - .1 ta Oao an.l nlirsUOd bV h H T1 RTV hunters, made' straight down W ashing ton street and Jumped into tne rii Front. MORE OX SEWARD AJtD slATEIIT ReltabllltT Professor Dodd'. orr of InfornsaUon la .estloned. 1. 1 vmivrn Wash.. Jan. 9-To th. Editor.) Some week. o an rtlrl In The Oregonian quoted I'rofessor W . t.. Dodd. of cnicano tni.ti"i, r. . .i ....m.nt that the eml- tnority lur ma - nent .talesman, "William H. Sew.rd w. a slave owner, it k .. . - r aaalan tniiav from letter in i ne .'n a. 8. P. Allen, of Eugene, Or, .how. very clearly the raistiy en aueu - and the pitiable weakness of Trofe.sor Dodd a. an authority In the matter. In order to make this plainer I quote herein a letter received by me from I'rofessor William E. Dodd on thi. aubject, dated December au, ii; Km, V mil h S As to tne poim i " - to b excused for not .lin ths rfr.nc as I have nona of mi books or notes and they are not accssslbls lo anr nl-n in Chicago at present. (This letter Is wrl len from Round Hill. Vlrslnla.) Hut I IJI ar that ths citation would b from a slate msnt of Mrs. Davis. I am not sure hns, I out the remara just now. t.a. Sio'tlv. at th.tl-.for Mr- !,, , 1. m... rspre-ent w. ""r aV,.. , considered himself as l"Juron. slT r-co lection is tnat or-- .o.-.. . -.a . - family a tamny aio.r., . - law of Nsw York forbade tha holdlr. of laves. He contmuru m " ' - lonK as he. or ther. lived, and on ternis f mutual undlrst.nd.na. 1 t m., th.t SSwTut "i? Tut I am -Vuilid 'th. "remark of Mrs. Davis Is truthful. Bo It seem, that thl. historian Is mere'ly repeating the "Ul. bf a grandsni by a Winters are, ana soienuuj n- , . . I hi. .new oa . M ' tin ting It OUWU 1 11 J " doubted fact; nor doe. thl. "authority consider that Mr., jeimmon widow of .the Freatdent of the Southern Confederacy, in her enfeebled .nd em bittered old age, could have ny nioilv. to "misrepresent Seward." the uncom promising political foe of her husband I No doubt if h. heard the saloonkeeper and hi. wife denouncing th. eloquent --.a. .. ilpnnUaril olltl temperance i'in" - " a hypocrite, h would write It down a. a "fair ana impartial ii"""' fact. The writer has also received a letter from General W. H. Seward, of Auburn. -t i ' ., - -1 c.aiT.1 whn la a sal- lant "veteran of the Civil War and a man of unquo.uonea nonor anu in tegrity, state, that th. .tory that his father was a slaveholder I. not only absolutely false, but that "the whol record of hi. lit. contradict. It." and adds: "H. freely responded to appeal, or slave, or their friend, to help them to ouy or oiiiei .a but not on dolbr did he vr jrtva to Derpetuate hunifl bondnife nywhrr.H " VI.1 !.. Vf TAT t A Vi'U' COMPETENT CLEIIKS AJIE REr.DF.il rnnUe t Cot Salarlen of Certain 1 lslatlve Kmployee, Hays Mr. taasldr. PORTLAND, Jan. 10. (To th. Edi tor.) I notice that part of Mr. Sella Ing'a "economy" plan In dealing with clerks at tha Legislature la to redue. all salaries. Including those on th. Judiciary and revision of law.. From my experience that 1. penny wis. and pound foolish. How he expect, to get competent clerk., who can spot an unconstitu tional or defective bill .t 5 par day 1. more than I can es. .The clerk, on those committee, must be near expert, on constitutional law, and be familiar with the decision, of this and other states, and with ability to compare th. proposed bill with the law. of oth.r states and the probable Interpretation by our court, by the guide of exlstliiK decisions. . On. unconstitutional oi defectlv. bill passed in the rush of the LeKisla ture may cost more than cheap clerk, would cost for ten years. Heretofore we have had experiences attorneys on these committee, and thev have been worth more than th.y hav'e been paid. a. any one familiar with the work of the last session It no TP 8 Let us have competent help on tb. law committee.. J- C. CASSIPY. A I. Correct. BORING. Or, Jan. 9. (To the Edi tor.) Playing cribbsgo A hold, three Queens and 0: B holds 3. double 4. t. Bs crib. A play. Queen. H 5 (count. 16-2). A pair, the 6 (counts 20 with a. pair): B play. 4 (counts 24). then I (count. 27 with 3 holes), then play. 4 (count. 31 with 5 holes). A .ays l with 2 hole., claiming- the 5 is out of play. Which l correct? A. . July 2. 1K80. PORTLAND. Jan. 9 (To th. Edi tor ) By way of docldlng a w.uer a. to accuracy of data In your cditorJal today on the President'. Jackson day speech, will you kindly iilve exact dm. of passage of th. Sherman antl-trif;it act. One party to wager hold. "'" error In putting thi. performance with ln 30-year limit. gt,lwcif. Creation off Morr tellers. Exchange. Marriage brings not latent qualltls. in a man. J""t think how many groat storyteller, it nas nia.i-. An Analysis For Manufacturers There r place, where th. pros pects for sale, are better than other places, are there not? Very well. Why cover the coun try with an advertising blanket, paying your money for good .nd bad allk.? Why not concentrate your ..lllng attack on the centre, whore the outlook I. brightest? In other word., use newspaper.. No other buslnes. builder h.s o many advantage, a. th. new.pupur. No one I. bo cheap.