THE 3IORVTXG OREGOXIAN. arOXPAY. JANUARY 4, 1915.
Mt return
FORTI OREGON.
Entered at Portland. Oregon, Fotofflo a
ecuca-cia matter.
uLKrrlptlon Rats Invariably to advance
1X3 Wail k
Daily. Sunday Included, ona year -?
Imilr. Cicdijr included. .x montha .....
Iai:y. Sunday Included, tnree montha ...
Dai:y. Sunday Included, one monta ,
Dally, without Sunday, ona year J-
lajly. without Sunday, aiz montha ... J-a
Xial.y. without Sunday, three montha ....
pally, without bunaay. ona uouus ......
Weekly, on year XvL
f unday. on year
Sunday and Weekly on year ""v
(By Carrier.)
Ial!y. Sunday Included, ona yar .....- "
Xially. Sunday Included, ona month
How t Remit Send PoatorZlc money or
der, express order or peraonaj check on your
loea! bank. Stamp, coin or currency are at
aender risk. Oiv potolc audreaa In lull.
Including county and atata.
lotag Kate 13 to 1 page. 1 cent: Is
to ii pace. 3 cent: S4 to as pages. 3 cental
1.0 to do pace. cams; 62 to 76 paea i
cent: 7S to - pasea. cents. Foreim poat-
s doubl ratea.
Eastern Boainea Office Verr aV Conk
Iin. New Tork. Brunswick building; Chicago,
hunger building.
Mo t'raacHrw OffVr R. J. BldweU Com
pany. W. Market street.
rOBTLAM). MOXMV. JASVABX 4, WIS.
HOW TO AID TITB INEMPLOVED.
Although resumption of activity in
various manufacturing Industries and
In railroad shops is now reducing the
number of unemployed and although
Industrial activity promises to Increase
throughout the year in such measure
t . . 1. 1 n 1 1 1 1 In a tniril-
' toil tills uuuiun
. .w- .ki.m
mum oy next inter, mo
'
the unemployed present t. v"-"cur-
ring. For the time being it grows
leas pressing, yet it Is still with us.
It ia necessarv that means be devised
to solve it, not only for the present
but for any time when It demands at-
t.ntlon. As the evil Is countrywide.
these means must be country we.
Each state and city should organlie
to deal with it own peculiar phases
of the difficulty, but all should work
together on a common plan.
Unemployment can be mucn re-
duced by improvlns the means ot cis-
X":
Oct ,n the machinery for trans-
Xerring them to . the place I"
are neeaeu. j'nia nuLiujiri 3
. .. ... i ..i. K.,., I
me enrra. .
Jt consist main jr oi
ment agents, who exact exorbitant
fare Is advanced, a man has no sooner
earned that amount ana tne cost, oi i
M hoard than he is discharged to
. t-or thPr This svstem
make room for another. TWs sjstem
to built up on
aar ru. hAi u'fin n B acifiii auu i un- i
ro.-trr or fnrrmui. It is summed up
In the statement of a contractor that
he always has three gangs one
coming, one going and one on the
Job.
Pmwr distribution of labor re
quires that public employment offices
be created In every large city aim
hat thev work in clone co-operation
It requires that private agencies be
licensed, that fees be limited and that
exaction of excessive fees, misrepre
sentation and division of fees with
employers or their foremen cause for
feiture, of license and criminal
prosecution. Any system which gives
he .mnlnver a. necuniary Interest 1"
disc ha ruin a- a good workman la
vicious In the extreme.
A nlan liiLs been proposed for plac
, Ing private employment agencies
' under the aunervision of the United
States Department of Labor and for
-co-operation between the employment
branch of that department and state
.. and municipal oirices. mat wouiu
t .nrk wall nrovlded it does not un
duly cramp local freedom of action.
! The same machinery, in co-operation
with the Immigration Bureau, could
lring about a better distribution of
Immigrant labor. It la a reproach to
our Government that thousands of
. experienced farmworkers from abroad
" in rrnudinc Into our cities and be-
.nniin niial lahnrpm while the
' farming districts are clamoring for
i labor. The farmers can co mucn'io
. h.in thamaoivoa iii this regard by
giving permanent employment to a
, larger number or men msteau w uis-
charging their hands when the rush
season is over.
' After all possible has been done to
bring -about better distribution of
- labor, there will remain in the large
r centers of population a" residuum of
unemployed during periods of de
' presslon like that through which we
hava Just passed. This residuum
i. preaents an even more difficult
J arnblem. Theunemployed Include
" many who w ill grasp at any oppor
" tunity to live without work or with
a mere show of work. These are
- either paupers already or are destined
f to become so at the first pressure of
distress. Others have such scorn of
" charity that they reject offers of help
and even go hungry rather than make
I their destitution known. The solution
Is simple, but not easy. It is to tind
: work for both classes, not work that
Is invented as a mere transparent
v cloak for charity but work that is
neuded and is worth the price that
' will be paid for it. Then offer it
to the actual or would-be seekers
ofter charity with the warning: "He
that will not work, neither lot him
eat'; and to the proud and in
dependent with the greeting: -Here
Is work at which you can earn enough
to tide you over."
Xnis in suostance is me iiu lanaF' i o
plan which was worked out with
great success in the Winter of 1S93-4.
ii. . . . ., -
This In substance is the Indianapolis
TliruUfn tne wommerviai iuu
mittee was appointed which took the
i . n . i. I
proDiems in nana. x mo rwia v i
the Charity Organization Society the
community naa oeen gcunaij tuu-
cated out of the practice of haphazard
glving by individuals. The society
relieved thna who were unable to
i. i r n i nnr.u.-mnnt fnp the i
, t i V avilU "Uiiu .v. 1
well. But the need had outgrow-n tne
means of this society and the field
which it occupiea. inousanus were
In need who refused to go to the
... . i 1.
. .. . ..on fmm neiirhhnr- but I
1 'l I""" " .-.- i . 1
simply asked aia in ootaimng em-1
ployment. The society ordinarily re-1
. . 111. . . km then I
XUSeU IDOQ 1 ( n LI iiuc lll, muw I
- .n..l I he turner Bvv fnr
there was not work for the Idle.
The Commercial Club committee
therefore took In hand the whole task
of relief, removing the objections of
the Independent by relieving It of
the appearance of charity. It reg
istered the unemployed and opened
an agency for securing employment.
Individual citlxens provided temporary
-work for about on fifth of the whole
Tiumber. The committee headed off I
emotional movements for bestowing I
promiscuous charity. It opened a I
lood market or store, where rooa i
Aiilt ho ' niirrhaaed on credit
standard Quantities proportionate
thp Hij-A of the family and could
be
Daid for with labor. The Charity
OnraniMtlnn SocietV Stopped
uting food and referred all applicants
to this store. Each applicant was re
auired to sign a contract to perform
labor at 12 cents an hour in
ment of his account, or to pay money
on demand, and was given a book
which his account was kept- He v
riven a card directing him to report
to the Street Commissioner for w
which, when done, would entitle
in HAvlnv credit for the
quired work, he was given an order
for a week s rations lor tne numoer
Der
in his family. A standard ration
n irir wna adonted. consisting
Of
food lowest In cost but most nutrl
Hons. It was sold at cost, which
was
half the ordinary retail price, and
a family of four the price was
the eauivalent of one day's work.
for
?1
Th fttv Tinvinfir no money to
pay
for renairinr and cleaning streets.
the
committee furnished the labor for
this
purpose without cost to the city,
allowed no shirking and closed
It
the
accounts of one-fourth of the men
this rround. It thus provided re
on
relief
fnr Mhont B000 persons for th
hree
month and for 1000 to 8000 for two
months at a cost of less than 120.
Tnwarn tha end of Winter many i
1.000,
men
asked to have their accounts closed
All were advised to seek other em
ployment and the number of patrons
ranirllv diminished until the market
wtt closed. The objects of relief
nnt hArtma nAimers. for none apxi
for charity after the committee
ceased operations; in fact, the Char
' ' - -
Itv Organization Society had
. . u,
U.iunnuin on its books during tn
succeeding three month, than at an:
Jn hlstory
Th(J Indianapolis plan thus show
n offering work In exchange fo:
food and fuel the unemployed can bi
carried through a Winter at moder
fte
. former de-
pendents out of pauperism
I -
THE OPINION" OF MEX WHO KNOW.
No two men In the United States
ln,,d on the Philip
- - - ex-President Taft
or wit, more
P-PO ' TcU
"7:; which will fit them for self
man av
government. Both these men say
t . th(. Flllr,r,ol, at th
pVtlme the practically complete
p v proposed
..rarB f lhB Kilioinos.
- o.
These men express this op nlon hot
because of any doubt as to tne prm
..., .eif-a-overnment. no
w"" f .nv desire to hold the
-
iriiiiiinnia In Deroetual subjection or
ininisini Thev know throuch what
struggles the Anglo-Saxon race has
arrived at its present aegree oi
jhilliv fo govern Itself and because
they know from long, personal contact
with the Filipinos now iar snort
those people fall of having attained
that point in training ror successiut
v Thev wish to continue
the training until it has equipped the
Filipinos to conduct democratic in
attttitlnna with SUCreSS.
The sound common sense or tne
Nation will declare that Mr. Taft and
Mr. Worcester are right. If their
advice shall be ignored, those men
who now boast that they are the Fill
nlniw' best friends will be proved by
events to be their worst enemies.
PAY FOR TUB WHOLE FAMILY.
Th House has attempted to settle
the perennial mileage question d
uoiini thut the actual traveling ex
penses of members and of the depend
ent members of their lanuliea ne paiu
i... . )... nnvrnniiint. but the Senate
will certainly disagree and the House
will agree to what the Senate aaopis,
..n lima utn wnJlted.
Kav.rthiilMt tVlA HOUSA OrOVlSiOn
seems most rational. A man and his
family should not be penalized by long
separation or heavy expense Decause
he la elected to Conirress. It is better
both for the Congressman and his
rami lv and In the long run lor me
nation, that they live together during
as well as between sessions.
Tha hoine ronffided. a flat mileage
id he trd much for a bachelor
on. inn littletVor a man like Repre
sentative Fitzgerald, who has seven
children. It would De a premium on
race suicide and a penalty on large
families. Then let the whole happy
Congressional family, large or small,
peregrinate to Washington ana Das
iw.fr, nnd after each session of Con
gress at the expense of the nation.
The people do not wish to be penu
rimia n.r do thev -wish to be wasteful.
If they pay the actual expense, they
will be neither.
TAKE A LESSON FROM THE WEST.
A meeting was held a few nights
go "to discuss methods of ridding
the city of gangsters ana gunmen
rho have become a menace to the lib-t-tie.
and lives of citixens." This
mentinir was not held in any raw com
munity in a half-settled Western state;
it was held in New York, tne largest
n.i the richest citv in the Union, the
!..- n-Hir.h nrnfpKipti that culture and
nllghtenmcnt radiate irom it inruuun-
.,. the continent- It recalls to minu
the ii nf the vicilante In California.
Montana and Idaho, when peaceable
citizens united to exterminate the "bad
men."
dt . h.in 1 1 a ha.lr tn
turruiii iw"ih
primitive conditions. Where they pre-
Vail, there is a return from civilisation
. ti rt Dirf.r.nift In
il savusrij. iuo J
essence between the bad men of New
, . n . V. ha A m an nt the
tors in awx .t,u vi
West in the middle decades of the
runeireiiLii vcdlui..
proved that the West met the situa-
uon far better than does New York,
in most Western communities there
- Icml machinery tn Drotect life
ii ci a ii vj - " j - I
and liberty, so tne people creneu il, oi
and Its prompt effectiveness was a
terror to tne uuun-a.
sheriff Plummer. the official defender
. i . 1 .. Tn XT nnta no
hnHv knew he was a murderer and
llll
rooDer. so wimuui ksji .
rose up and hanged him and his gang. IThi
n.i irn a a IrrAffllllir hilt thelfltai
me llirt.cuiii . a - o
..nlliil Bnrl aentenoe were lust. EverT-
body in New York knew Becker to be
a, murderer ana graner, nut ne nua
been given two trials and he has taken
a second appeal. Nobody yet knows
whetner ne win ever mi. m mw cict.uim
chair.
We are not recommending New York
to adopt- lynch law, but we are sug-
it-1 that the surest means of ret
ting rid of the gangsters and gunmen
js to impart to the city s methods some
of the stern promptness ana certainty
which characterized vigilante Justice. I
if there are any servants oi tne taw
be
to gin with them as Montana began
ith
I Plummer.
THE WAY OF THE JOB
8EEKEK.
Tt rln.a tint -lear the skirts Of
Mr
lr.
Eaton from the stain of logrolling
assert, as he does in his letter today
that Mr Sellintr voted for the
refer
ended nnlversitv hills of the 1911
sion of the Legislature. The main
factor that carried the aDPropriati
in their entirety through the Legisla
lure of 1913 was the knowledge
that
the referendum would be invoked
d. A
material rjart of their SUDPOIt
came
from members who saw in that
fact
I an esr-ann from Eatonism. The
pros
n.tiv. rcfarAnnitm inrltled them
to
vntu fnr the bills in order that
the
other business mieht- be cleared of
hla nernifimie. influence
TTnr that matter The Oregonian
suDDorted the bills when they were
before the voters, it aia mis wnne
nrntAfltlne against the lotrrolling meth
ods by which they secured legislative
sanction. The referendum had been
Dermeated with gross fraud and the
leaders in the movement were irrecon
citable enemies of the University. The
Oregonian chose what seemea to n
the lesser of two evils, but the people
der-lared em n h n.t lea 11 v that appropria
tions obtained by the Eaton method
should not stand. Moreover, they re
fected the mil lac tax bill, the initia
inn tit whirih according to Mr. Eaton,
Induced the friends of tne university
to let the appropriation bills go "by
riefault M
Tt la xharacteristic of Eaton that he
la rirbue heratine the men who subse
nuentlv trained for the University the
Imm-ovements that he had long
aniichr hut failed to obtain. The see
cial election bill of 1913 was designea
specifically to prevent a two years
hnMtin hv referendum of essential ap
propriations for the University and
the Pnnnmii.Plliilfln ExDOSition. It
n o. ennrived In Multnomah County
it was prepared and introaucea oy
Senator I. N. Day and was adopted
laro-elv thrnnirh his efforts.
After the University appropriations
nf 191S had been referended it was
Sena tor T NT. Dav who acted as I
finance committee of one for the Uni
versity Alumni Association. It was
by his unaided solicitations confined
almost whnllv to nromineift Portiana
citizens that practically all the funds
to carry on the Alumni Association b
oiiereKRfiil camrjaifim in behalf of the
a nnrnnrintlnnfi were obtained.
The University or uregon is a state
institution hut it is dearer to Eugene
than n n V other, citv in Oregon. It is
not only the pride of that community
hut one nf its business assets. A
Eus-ena man. in view of what has
been done for the University by Sena
tor Day, ought to be tne last man in
Oregon to offer him gratuitous insult
of dlrert manufactured suspicion
against his motives concerning forth
nomine legislation.
Vet Allen Eaton, of Eucene. has
done Just that in a public attack upon
t Tr nnr nnd has aone it wiliiuui. a.
scintilla of evidence that Mr. Day is
actuated bv unworthy motives in pro
mntinir an ecnnomv programme for
the T-etrLslature-
The neonle of Multnomah uouniy
by their votes have at least once
saved the State University rrom sen
ous hurt if not from outright ruin, at
temnted throueh the refere'ndum
When the maintenance bill lor tne
University, passed by the Legislature
nf i oo7 am sent to the referendum
in 190S the ''country" which Eaton
nnnr ooU-e to excite atrainst Portland
defeated the measure, but Multnomah
County gave a favorable majority.
Ar.ame the adverse state' vote ana
the nav for the University.
In 1913, too, Muitnoman uouniy
o-ave the nnlversitv one-nan tne eu-
tire majority received in the state for
the referended bills. Yet I)aton, the
merlal reDresentative ana champion
r the state TTniversitv. lias tne au
dacity and the Ingratitude to raise the
faie issue nf "countrv" against "city,"
and to denounce the Multnomah dele-
aatinn as a "Portland" ring, it was
leeted hv the larirest popular major
ity ever given any delegation in the
histnrv nf the county.
Jklr. Selling, who is put rorwara oy
Miiitnnmnii in a candidate for
cneaWer led the entire Doll with 48
322 votes, while the highest marks)
given any unsuccessful candidate was
1 us vntcw. It Is neither Decoming
nnr wise nor true for Eugene to talk
about a "Portland ring."
The man who, solely in tne interest
it personal aggrandizement, betrays
his own constituents in the manner
that Eaton has done, is a snake in the
grass. He ought to D6 scoicneu uy
his townsmen. .
LITERACY TEST FOR IMMIGRANTS.
Adoption of the literary test for
immigrants in the Senate by tho over-
helming majority of 50 to 7 after
the House had passed it by 241 to l m,
has placed Congress squarely in op
position to President Wiison on one of
ib most . important measures oi nis
Administration. The President has
voiced his objection to the literacy
test
so openly and so often that he
not approve the bill without
stultifying himself. Congress cannot
ept a veto without equal stuitinca
i, and its temper is now such that
tion.
there is no probability that it win
ieit to the President. Onlv a slight
hange would be necessary to pass
in
e Dill 1-tiruuBll mo xawuoc i
veto.
while an enormous change
be needed in the Senate to
uphold a veto. The trend is away
from.
not toward, the president, we
expect Congress to overrule a
may
veto.
.V. C.t on this
1 II e acuuu vl i 11 " -
bill marks the turning point in tne
history of the Wilson Administration.
During the past two years the Gov-
nent has been Woodrow vviison.
He has chosen the subjects for leg
islation, and Congress has acted on
those subjects in preference to all
others. He has outlined the main
points of bills and Congress has
obeyed his will,-The legislative branch
. i 1. ,1 ahri rnlori Its
tUS uuiciuilicik aiau I
.a .n ii avannnua 1 1 nas nun I
resumed them. Through the rest of is
the
e Wilson term, the Government will
nsir. of executive, legislative and
Judicial branches, as it normally does
conformity witn tne consuiuuuu.
is is the result of the people's re
fusal to respond to the election cry:
Stand by the President." The peo-
pie
dld not stand by the President;
therefore Congress will not.
a jnHiii nf the litprai-v test is a
response to the demand, which has I
- .
grown louder yearly, that indis
criminate admission of immigrants
shall cease. Formerly the sentiment
was that the country needed people.
and they were admitted any kind of
peb
pie. Now the sentiment is that
enuntrv nend.1 onlv the rieht kind
tne
on
fro
people the pick of the overflow
overcrowded countries, w e have
gradually adding restrictions by
been
in I who have arone over to the enemy.
.inina the imhecile. the diseased,
the nenniless. tha anarchist. Still
the fionn has continued and its quality
has steadily deteriorated. It Is not
composed of the same elements as
oriirinaiiv settled the country and as
- , . tr of
. i came in auriiig itie mai. j
TO I . . T. , .-A malnlll
inaepenueiice. la uuiiiusiiti -j
. i . . .1 . 1 ; 1 ir da-
oi elements wnicn uu . t ..
similate and with which the existing
population U not willing tcassi
A new test hename npresaaTT. TV ltb-
.. . , -
out on its lace etni&iiia; i j v
ticular nationality, it furnishes a rougn
and ready means of excluding those I Here's a health to the Misunder
whom we deem undesirable. It hap- stood4
.Unt th. nnnnl., n-hom We deem I
desirable come from countries where
the ratio of illiteracy is low, wnne
thoee mrhom we deem undesirable
come from countries where it is very
high. As immigrants from the lat
ter countries are generally drawn
ter countries are generally uio.wu
from the ' less educated classes, the
ratio of illiteracy among them is
doubtless higher than in their nations
as a whole. Here then was the rough
and renflv means of drawing tne line
between the desirable and the unde
strahle. Bv aDDlving that test we
should exclude the vast majority of
the undesirable and should admit tne
vast maloritv of the desirable. We
should thus announce that Only
picked men and women are eligible
for American citizenship.
It is inevitable that in applying this
test many will be adrtuttea wnom w. When dead there is time to pro
would fain exclude and many wi 1 be hjm 8ublime
excluded whom we would fain admit,
hnl that 4a an unfortunate incident in
applying any general rule. Those who
dwell on such cases have tneir minus
bo concentrated on the particular in
stance that thev overlook the good
general result They ignore tne tact
that in denying admission to an other
wise desirable but illiterate immi
grant, we deny no man any right
that he possesses; we deny him only
a privilege which Js ours to wnnnoiu.
If we thereby do ourselves a smaii
ininrv do it knowlnely in order
to make a greater gain in the gen
eral efficiency of our immigration laws
Since the next great flood of im
migration which will follow tne Close
of the war will certainly flow in large
volume to the Pacific Coast, tnis sec
tion is deeply interested in the im
migration question. We desire the
material develoDment Of the Pacific
Coast, but not at the expense of Its
civic, social and moral standards, lor
these reasons we desire selected ira
migrants.
Tf the annointment of Senator Neu
nor tn he Prosecuting Attorney of
Douglas County is illegal because he
was a member or tne legislature
ii- Vi i c Vi crea ted the office, the right of
Mr. Lawrence to qualify for the new
nnsition of State Printer can be ques
tionori on the same trround. Mr. Law
renco renresented Muitnoman Loumj
in the session two years ago, auu n
a-as then that the state rrimers oi-
fice was created in its present form.
The irenera.1 order" for the first
Christmas was "Peace on earth, good
will among men." That for the last
Christmas was: "Artillery prelimina
ries for a ireneral infantry attack will
heirin at noon: infantry attack begins
at 2 o'clock." Yet we tell each other
the world has made progress in the
interval.
The House has added an omnibus
private pension bill to the other omni
hn hills hv which advocates of vari
ous schemers pool their votes in favor
of all. This way of doing it is prop
ahitr no wnrsR than the passage of a
separate bill for each pensioner.
Wationo which are sacrificing lives
by the tens of thousands on land can
not worry about the safety oi tne tew
thousands which may be lost at Bea,
hence tha failure of the safety-at-sea
convention. War lowers estimates of
the value of human life, i
Mrs. Vautrhn. an expert, says now
is the time to have in mind the duty
of cleaning house and housewives
must agree with her. The progressive
woman will put her dutiful husband
at work in the basemenon his day of
rest.
T?esTimntion nf work at the South
ern Pacific Railroad shops all along
... r. a a 1 . . .J ; TJ 1 .. ,1
tne Jracinc uoast, njuiuuiug ruitwiiu,
. . t : ' .1 t.nffid I
13 a sign or increasing ia.ni unu
as well as a promise of more activity
wen e-s a v
in the communities airecuyconcer.ieu.
The fig-ures of a contract just let to
, imorimn concern bv Russia give
- . , -t jofotic I
little idea OI tne expense
prosecuting war. a aew
concern is to make a million dollars
orth of calks for horseshoes. -
Since Governor Blease has emptied
the South Carolina penitentiary Dy
granting pardons and paroles, every
n and woman in that state must
going armed to protect themselves
be
id their property.
If the allies accept the aid of Jap
lese troops in Europe, they will give
Jap
ian the right to a voice In tne con
cert
of Europe whenever the musi
s can be induced to play in con-
cert again.
;
Having sent George Otten to make
a forNeVsey." Oregon may
lend John Yeon to some other state
show it how to make a good road
hen he finishes in Muitnoman
County. ,
The German warning to soldiers
against wearing armor conveys a hint
or
tne consequem-ca. a a.a.B..v
drive a piece of the armor before I.
into a man's body and aggravate his
.
wouna.
, . .at that TorVev
The Russian statement that Turkey
has
lost her independence to uermany
may
will
be taken as a hint that Kussia
feel free to take large slices
of
Turkey
if victorious- in war.
If householders are stealing, water,
is time for a service test. The thing
not unknown. While rival compa-
nies
were in business on the East Side
the
scheme was easy.
It Is more than likela that many
ancestors of Senators and Representa
tives could not pass the literacy test,
but
conditions, were different In the
days.
old
The man who lives in a "dry" town
Salem and can see two Mount
Hoods the day after New Tear's is
possessed of remarkable vision.
The kind of weather is part of the
scheme of Nature. The umbrella man
must live.
The
Kaiser's headauarters are in
parts
unknown," where they do not
advertise.
A Toast to the Misunderstood
By Rex Lampmaa.
With the toasts of the New Year yet
- i men,,, ..
The toasts to the lovely and brave,
, xne toasts 10 tne love
U. . v. i .1 V. .
. AO tun ww w
I tha 1.iia
vt
To the sage or the fool or the kna,
Vg
gooa,
Tve
one toast yet to drink nil
the
o-lass tn the hrinlc -
They are laughed at wherever men
places and times on the earth.
Doubtless some of the crew are a
nuisance to you.
With their schemes of Teform and re
unm,
Some will tell you the world needs
birth;
. ",,,, Jmn( ,,,,, t n:J.
They are cracked tney cranks, but
I the race owea them thanks
Here's a health to the Misunder
stood!
Always, always, .they face the world's
scorning,
They are crucified, exiled or spurned;
'This their portion to die before, bold
on the sky
Their perishless message is burned;
So here's to the crank and the misfit,
Whom perhaps we don't treat as we
should
Here's a health to the Misunderstood:
NOT WHOLLY FOUNDED OX FAITH
Original Sin as Root of Social Evil la
Deaaonatrable as Geometry.
PORTLAND. Jan. 3. (To the Editor.)
Mr. Heckethorn rejects my explana
tion of the persistence . of the social
evil through the centuries by denying
original sin. 1 rear ne is not. nimu
orthodox in his theology. Unfortu-
nutul,r his disuiTilinir nninlnn cets him
out "of no difficulty whatever. His re
jection of my explanation leaves mm
helplessly stranded with no. explana
tion or even attenrnted explanation of
the mighty problem of evil.
Thus he declares It is time ior tne
hlame to he mit on the men as bein
g
i.ln for the social evil And thll
to take the Jlrst step toward a solution.
His suggestion does not go to tne
root of tne trouDie. granting mi aigu
mant's anlra that men fllflllA are reSDOtl
sible. how would Mr. Heckethorn ex-
plain-this wickedness in the nearis or
man ..tanalnn' thmilErh thrt TOrtUrieS
nno he not aee that he ia driven by
sheer necessity into accepting tne rem
ity of original sin, wnicn ait manitun
inherits because of the transgressioi
Af mm Ural naranllt-
I have explained In detail all the
theories of evil formulated by other re-
.igions and by ethical Philosophies, and
I do not hesitate to say mat tne tnri-
Uan doctrine of original sin is the only
one that nts the actual iacis oi me.
The doctrine is true, of course, because
i l -n.. i
i. -..1. trachea it Rut in this case
no act of faith is required to accept it.
The dogma nas tne same aemnnauauu
ity as a proposition in geometry.
c.,iir H. Tf eclcethnrn is mistaken
if he thinks that mere social blame
which is entirely distinct irom uoa
.........inir iiHf-ment-.haH not hereto
fore held the male sex accountable ior
- . nnwt "f the social evil. For
many centuries thousands, aye, millions.
of human beings nave Deen expreutsmi,
tha same aenttment as Mr. Heckethorn,
i. e., the male sex must be held respon
sible. This conviction , nas ueeii an
nounced with eloquence, with- bitter-
naoa with SCOm with all the shades of
feeling the human heart is capable of
originating, let sucn expressions, al
though repeated innumerable times.
have not abolished prostitution, jno
reasonable man can escape the infer
ence' that it cannot be abolished that
way. The inborn evil of the human
i I. the itev that unlocks the mys
tery of the persistence of this as well
as other forms of evil in our wona ui
temptation and sorrow.
One other error Dy Mr. necnemorn
I may venture to touch upon. Under
God's scheme of things we are all, both
men and women, tree agents, iiim uc-
tr.ia tort's illStiCA holdS CSCh 0116
of us, male or female, responsible for
every voluntary act. It cannot be
pleaded in extenuation that an evil act
often reneated. until the soul becomes
black with sin. thereby somehow ceases
to be evil. God noias us iccounuuw
every time we commit a sin anew,
M.un,hAH aire he llli'll or W O Til 1 II . He
could not have the quality of infinite
justice ana ao less. t
Hence the rrequent Discrepant- be
tween human judgment, operating
Lhrough fallible human agents, ana ai-
ne judgment, wnicn cannui en. -.
very term "social evil" is In a way a
lllldH"ii'1 - uwv. . . - - '
dividual sins at the time they are com-
: nA trnows end 11lll Cl'H 111 "
dividual sina at me muo mj .w...
...1. ... l. ,, tha sinners he male or
miucu, tvncmc. ..w
female. He pays little attention. I dare
fine-snun "social theories
rn---hiidren in dealing out
r.'a-.i nt,a-i Btiirnni liiKiinHi
Meanwhile, let us .thank God that
throutrh Jesus Christ and His Church
th -nrov trt j-nlvntinn is oDen f or all
Z.Tu th nath that "leadeth
.- - - a PENITENT
Mn. EATOJT STANDS FROM UNDER
Repudiation by people of Hla Bills Sol
Criticism of Him, ne saya.
PORTLAND. Jan. 3. (To the Ed
itor.) Your editorial concerning me
and my candidacy ior tne peaneisiiir
contains teneral observations and in-
linuations which, not being specific, i
do not feel called on to answer, l
a i if " . . .
.-vn-v aarlth vnrl THAI no
that no Droner in
favors, or log-roller in legislation, or
solicitor of patronage is ent t.eu tu
confidence or autnority in any laesm
ice or authority In any IB"
lature. Your inference that I fill that
description is not supporieu o.w
fact in the editorial. Jou propose to
state a few plain facts, but the editorial
favor of 'an appropriation for the State
' i niverBitv. wintii wm w -
feated by the people on a referendum.
The defeat of the bill, however. Dy tne
people does nut jusluj jvu, bvUi..Ua.uu
that t involved ZiTurTentTy
without any support from the
. d . tne university, Decause n
was mutually understood and agreed
that mstead of the appropriation maae
la... .u.. hill there WOllld he! Substituted
. i ..., a nf the nnnrnomt on maae
iuy ". "
mlllage bill, wfiicn was aone.
But if your criticism concerning my
am ii yw . .,,.u i,t
- ' ' selling, for, as President of
Senate he gave his support to and
hla
vote for that very identical mil in
.hat resnect therefore, at least Mr
Selling is not, as you say, "the an
tithesis of Eaton." but his synonym.
I recognize your right to refuse to
print an article reflecting upn The
Oregonian, and in order that this article
may not be subject to any objection on
your part I am carefully refraining
from using therein a word that would
wound your sensibilities.
ALLEN EATON.
Pay for Insane.
PORTLAND, Jan. 3. (To the Edi
tor.) Do the state institutions, such
as the insane asylum, require payment
for their services of people who are
able to pay, or are all the expenses
paid by the state? SUBSCRIBER.
The state provides maintenance for
alt its wards. Section 4440, Lords
Oregon Laws, provided that insane per.
sons who were able should pay to the
state $10 a month for their mainte
nance. Evasions, however, made the
law virtually a nugatory one. Chapter
542, Session Laws, 1913, repealed'it.
CAUSE OF FARM LABOR DEARTH
Fair Em ploy era. 'Whe Provide Cleaa
Qnai-trra, Have N Trouble.
GOBLE, Or., Jan.2. (To" the Editor.)
I humbly beg permission to say a
few words in regard to Mr. Teat Pull
er's beautiful bunch of sour grapes. In
the first place, I would like to state
a few positive facts about the employ
ment agencies that he seems to de
fend. I am neither hobo nor bum. but
have, traveled from coast to coast and
from the Gulf to Canada, and nearly
always on transportation furnished by
some corporation through an employ
ment agency. So you see I should have
picked some information.
Ttie system generally in vogue is for
the employment agent to collect the
fee and split with the "walker" on the
job. I have been on a number of Jobs
where they would not hire you unless
you had an employment ticket, so it
was quite an item to the employer and
the "walker" In so far as there was
one crew coming, one crew working
and one on the way to town, the com
pany collecting $1 from each man for
hospital and generally $1 each for
bunk rent, that is, the privilege of
sleeping on rough boards, and the
"walker" getting the rakeoft from the
agent.
I think, if we could arrange some
system through the postoffices, as has
been suggested, charging the laborer
5 cents and the employer the same or
lii.f aaa,ic-h to III V exTncnRC t II tllO
Government, it would have quite a ten
dency to alleviate tne numoer oi un
employed and also tend to keep the
despised floater from floating. 8ome
people do not seem to understand why
the largest cities are so badly congest
ed with unemployed, and It is as sim
ple as falling down.
We ail know it takes tens of thou
sands of men to man the many branches
of Industry that are carried on apart
from the populated districts during the
Summer months, and here is where the
floater comes in. He stays out all Sum
mer and consequently when he gets
back to town in the Fall he goes hog-
..-11.1 ananncr the mnnv iideil BalOOnS
and the painted ladies that the virtu
ous home folk put before him. l ne
first thing he knows he is broke and
has not the price to ship again, even
if there is a job to go to.
"Voiir correanon dent tnlks about not
being able to get competent help and
that the Americans would rather live
in town on nothing than go to the
country for fair wages. I don't know
what he calls fair wages, but will say I
do not blame any free-born American
citizen for passing up the average dairy
. . knowledBB a8
t throuch the mill.
Mv mother died when I was very
young, and being next to the oldest,
had to get out and hustle. I worked
for one year, all but two days, for a
dairyman. I received the munificent
sum of $6 a month and board. My
duties were to milk from seven to Hi
","' ,ho
cows , ht mo rnl ng clean th . sta-
.
th- cows and c, the horse s alls
;,r .-!
school and making an average of 91 in
I oil mv studies.
The only pleasant remembrance 1
have of that place is three good meals
each day and a clean bed, which Is more
tnan tne average uregon larm iianu u
dairy hand has.
The Western laborer Is supposed t
have his blanket on his back whenevc
1.a ...... 1 ;. ... tV . arnrlr and when nia?h
comes he is led to the barn or 10m
shanty stucK among tne nogpens iu
the chickenhouses. Seemingly he 1
aa iinl as the avcraain fnrmci
They don't care where he sleeps, Jus
so ne is on nana ior wuia. in me uiui n
ing. I have seen bunkhouses not fa
. Dn.ll.na that uniilqUio inilri
filth to the square Inch than the stock
yards In Chicago, and they were Jus
a,a 11UUI J i. .
m i , . . ...... k.. Amarlnnn miiaf hnVe
cleanliness to entice Dim to linger it
one piaoe any lengtn or time. srim
that you may be able to do with tht
Immigrant as you wish that is for a
time. But he soon gets wised up anc
then you can get another greenhorn
You may be able to feed him dried
shoe-laces and Oreiron Drtines and per-
...Ja 1.1m to alapn Xl-ilh the Cnltle fill
J15 per montn ror a wnne, out tie iuou
gets Wise. 1 speaK or tne avera.se.
T ctl..a In ana, travels nver the polin
try that Boipe dairymen seem to have
some very Intelligent and clean-look-
lng American help, ana tney seem to
be contented witn ineir iul, uu. me.
ia hrmiThl ahotit hv the dairvmen mak
ing an effort to meet the men half way
with good food and quarters and treat
ing them as humans, not as work anl-
finma neonle never ran keeD helD and
others can't get rid of it. Why is itT
U. 1-.. 1UU11U.
ORDER PERFORMS NOBLES SERVICE
Oddfellows Are Carrying On Pledge la
Practical manner.
ALBANY, Or., Jan. 2. (To the Edi
tor.) Under the headline "Muts Per
forming Noble Work." Vicar Rice a few
days ago in The Oregonian paid a
splendid tribute to the good work of
the Muts. '
This reminds me that there Is an
other organization which has erected
great -buildings in Portland and is en
paired in the works of righteousness
mentioned by the vicar. I refer now
to the great Oddfellows' iiome in jrort-
1 a 1 lit. la aarnhan Children are
lailll, IVUCID aiaaaa, ' .
being provided for and educated, and
where old Oddfellows and aged lic-
bekahs are given all tne comioria ui
home. , . a . ,
cimii.a homea are now maintained in
every state, there being now 63 Odd-
ellows' homes in tne various maica.
.nmniaa of nririfrllnwehiD now
encircle the globe, extending even to
tEe Beks. The great man
, commands of the order, "to vlsi
... the distressed, to
" rtH , .ducate the orDhan
- t th wtd0T" has been so
h(auTly performed that the lnstitu-
oddfellowship now outnumbers
tVVKl-t -rce. for
good in all the world, not only in Its
ministrations for the relief of humanity
a.... i the elevation of human charac
ter, and it wars against vice in all its
forms. -
This is stated Dy me as grano pam
rch of the Oddfellows in Oregon, not
ther ereat institutions, but as a email
tribute to the righteousness of Oddfel-
, ah nh is mAn iMtea or tn
. : v, I ,.u ta manifested bv till
lowsmf " .in.. 1 - .
magnilicent Oddfellows' Home main
tained in the Dcautitui uny oi ronmm
for the good of humanity Dy tne love
J.i,f. ,i lovaitv nf the Oddfel-
,ow8 of Oregon.
GEORGE WILLIAM WRIGHT.
Carrying Supposition Farther.
PORTLAND, Jan. (To the Edi
tor.) Referring to the editorial, "Sup
pose," in The Oregonian December IU
let us carry the suppositions one fur
ther. Suppose the situation to be re
versed that Germany had control of
the sea and Britain's ships were. bot
tled up. In the light of Germany's
actions in this war, with her standard
of "might is right," Irrespective of
laws, rules or treaties and her ex
pressed contempt for our ability to
defend ourselves, do you think this
difficulty would be as amenable to ad
justment as it will be with England,
whose people and statesmen of today
are reasonable and friendly?
England, in self-defense, must retain
what is one of her most officient means
of bringing this war not of her seek
ing to a successful Issue.
Germany's ships being off the sea,
the whole burden of this thing falls
upon England, making her difficulties
enormous. Let our shippers put peace
before profit and not add to tho diffi
culties of both nations. C. B. P.
Twenty-Five Years AfO
Frjm Th Orreontan. January 2, lvio.
Washington, Jan. 1. Tha "Happy
New Year" reception at the v luta
Hours tonight was a brilliant affair.
Si thousand people thronged the te-ception-roonia
and President Harrison
shook hand Willi every on of them.
This was an absolutely "dry" affair,
and although the t'ablnot officer kept
open house, no win was wlllilu sight.
Brussels, Jan. 1. The Royal Palace
took fire this afternoon and at 10
o'clock was a roaring furnace. Two
firemen were Injured while flchllnir
the volcanic burnt of flame and tine
was killed. The Queen'a aparlim-nt was
demolished and the King I very anx
ious over the statuary In the rotunda,
all of which Is believed to b destroyed.
Union, Or., Jan. 1. Charles Connar
ty, resident near here, shot and
Instantly killed by Kdward Smith while
the former waa reciting to th latter
details of a row he had had with a
neighbor. Smith after the rrlm gava
himself up at the county Jail.
Seattle, Wash., Jan. 1. Three chil
dren were drowned near Port Ludlow
Tuesday afternoon when tho Ice over
Johnson's Lake, on which Ihoy were
skating, opened under them. They were
Edward Oliver. 9; Francis Johnson, ,
and George Johnson, 11.
New Tork, Jan. 1. The free trade
and protection discussion between Mr.
Gladstone and Mr. Blaine fills between
40 and 60 pages of the North American
Review.
Columbus. O., Jan. 1. The great Ital
ian tragedian, tfalvlnl. Is auftertnf from
a severe and dangerous attack of
grippe.
Electric cars were running on Sec
ond street yesterday and were exten
sively patronized.
A dwelling belonging to la. Zimmer
man, near Fulton l'ark, on the macad
amized road, waa destroyed by fir ear
ly yesterday.
S. C. Beckwlth, writing from New
Tork, says: "Charles 8. Shank, of your
city, but at present a student of the
Yale College, dropped In today."
Mayor De Lashmutt returned from
the Coeur d'Alene mining district yes
terday. A pljnsant watrh-nlaht psrty was
given ISew Year's eve at tho residency
oC Mr. and Mrs. Dove, on Eleventh anil
V streets. East Portland.
GOOU NAMIS MORE THA DOl.l.AH
Public la Morally Bound I Pay Fal
Rental for Steel Brldsje.
. PORTLAND. Jan. 3 (To the Editor.)
I wish to commend your editorial on
the Steel bridge. It ha been popular
now for many years to bait th cor
porations, simply becaune they are cor
porations, and some of our pinhuad poli
ticians and Journalists have yet to
learn to treat corporations is they
would individuals. It is, therefore, thu
more refreshing to find a newspapir
with the couraga to demand a squnio
deal for the railroad company.
As to the issue there is no argument.
Nobody but a maniac would seek to
close this line bridge to the public, and
assuredly the public will not tolerate
a toll bridge. The Kteel brhlire Is Hie
least expensive of ell our bridge, ami
a comparison with the Broadway lirlditc
leads one to wish t.iat all the briditea
had been built by railroads and lra d
to th city on the same terms as the
railroad company Is now oAeriug tho
Steel bridge.
The annual chariri-a lo the Hty for
the Broadway bridge are more than
double the same chart: ea fur the Steel
bridge. During the past year marly
twice as many passengers and vehicles
crossed the Steel bridge as did Hie
Broadway bridge. Attain, the Steel
bridge was closed to the public on ac
count of river trafllo only about half
the number of hours that tha Troailway
bridge was. These are fact which at
verified by the. illy survey, and. in faro
of these facts and In face of the fur
ther fact that the railroad cumpnny Is
asking less than 6 per cent on Ita ad
mitted Investment, we ar asked lo
believe that the public do nut want or
do not need the brldue and that the
railroad company Is trying to hold up
the city. Comment Is useless.
However, 1 am of opinion that even
If the bridge were not iiacd by a single
person, the cltlsena of Portland are
morally, perhaps leRiilly. bound to lease
this bridge from tho railroad company.
It Is a matter of record that ih cum
nsnv did not want to build the super
structure, and It Is a matter of record
that the Tort of Portland Commission
forced the additional Investment on llin
company. Between individual mere
would be no question of the binding na
ture of this contract, and It is mere
quibbling to pretend that because It
was the Tort Commission, and not the
County Commission nor the City Coun
cil that made the bargain, that the bar
gain can, therefore, lie broken. 1 sub
mit the Fort or 1'ortiano t. ommis-mn
was acting ror tne ptionc in mm maun
and that It was the properly consti
tuted body to take action.
Recent elections witness tho V.H
Side franchises and the water front
grab bill are a clear indication that
the ne.-uile. once they are put in pos
session of the facts, are fair-minded. 1
am satisfied the people of Portland
want to live up to tneir oohusuoiu-. i im
County Commissioners will ootintiesa
make the best deal for the taxpayers,
but I am voicing the opinion of ninny
when I say It Is more Important to pre
serve tha good nam of the city by Itv
nc up to lta contract tnan 10 sat a,
tew dollars In taxes.
La Ga Kiai.-VUr.lt.
Every Day Is Smile-Day.
Atchison Globe.
Smiling- brings sunshine Into
th
home, and washing the
helps some.
windows
Heroes of e B'K War.
Exchange.
Amontr the other heroes are those
who fearlessly attempt to pronounce
the war names.
Oestiaatlon of a Tram.
Exchange. (
i-nnsTderlna: where h la going, a
tramp Ms altogether too anxious to
get there.
"Model" Storekeeper
" The dictionary define a model
as "a small Imitation of the real
thing."
Storekeepers who continually
offer "something Just as good"
are certainly "model storekeep
ers." Substitution Is one of th
meanest of trade practices. It
I never Indulged in by honor
able merchants.
It is a practice that is vir
tually theft of another man's
good will.
When you ask for an article
you saw advertise In this pa
per "GET WHAT , YOU ASK
FOR"
Shun the storekeeper who
habitually mitmlitulcs.