THE" 'MOBXIXG OEEGOMAX, FRIDAY, JANUARY 1, 1915.
SCENIC HIGHWAYS AND WATERWAYS STATE'S GREAT HERITAGE
Construction of
Columbia Highway
Engineering Feat
Many Difficult Problem Confronted
lm Latins; Out Wonderful Road
wayConcrete Bridges Bnllt.
Bj eaunnel C. Inrter. Consulting Engineer a magnificent view of this gem of na
of Multnomah County. ture. A concrete arch spans the stream
. . ...... . 1, t. . . V. : .... .. c Rnncon hni rfiTl-
PUK more man a n.
of a road which should
cross the state oi ureguii um
East to West. The Cascade Mountains
have always been an impassable bar
Strong men have work-
rier until now.
ed hard and the dream has come true.
The Columbia Highway is now a.
reality and from Biggs in Eastern Ore-
gon. to the Pacific Ocean, It will 101
low the Columbia River down through
the Cascade Mountain Range, by grace
ful curves and easy grades a distance
. i i iinlfincr eastern uregwi
-..-. n,n for the first time
by wagon road, and ultimately the
state with the Lincoln Highway across
.1 ,in,nt
That nart of the Highway which lies
within the boundaries of Multnomah
f-onntv Is narticularly beautiful. The
ctemaa Rhine bet"e Mayence and
i comparable to it. although
5oo!.erlnL- aVandeur and natural
neautv the Rhine sufrera by compari-
r he mountain peaks in the east-
' . of -M..itnomah county w&icn
look down from tho clouds on the
. . -i ,.1. o. it flows through
the gorge, are higher than the German
Tannus. and the lower slopes of our
- .u. ar rintnea in ine i'Lii i-
oure. which Nature gave men.
Roadway Supreme Delight.
-ri, oiimS rrom Portland. !0
feet
ale the sea. to Chanticleer. 92o feet.
Is to gradual in 22 miles that you do
no realise the elevation attained until
vou stand at Chanticleer Jnn. looking
;,ut on the mile wide Columbia below.
t!ie waters of which ebb and flow
slightly with tho tides of the sea at
this point. For the next half mile the
read is literally notched out of the
rork and is hung around the tops of the
cliffs like the cornice of a tall build-
"'a little further on. at Crown Point.
th road almost encircles a nisu pumv
roek which stands 700 feet straignt
floor of the valley. I lie
.f
r. ad fits the top of this the
Iwrni on your hat. and traverses .-j
degrees as it curves on a radius of 110
up
fret. A four-root wan ui u..
ctc-te on
tli oriter edge, next a seve
foot 'concrete sidewalk and curb pro-
ih'1 all who use trie roau. x
t....i. ..f ih h wan anu
.-..t.... ----- -
,.ti leet.
anu as ou ""t
aro'iiid this
..int and look in ail
'
directions, no words can oe xouna 10
,1.".. iibe its grandeur.
looking to the east ..o ml)eaJ0"
through the Cascade Mountain Range
where this great wall of rock . naa i ueen
river to pass through at sea level.
To the west the stream widens and
Islands appear here and there in the
distance; tho purple hills beyond Port
land can be seen 36 miles away. Look
ing down 700 feet you see tho steam
boats In the river and trains on each
side and you feel as if they were play
things of little children in a great big
world.
Engineering Problems BlB.
What character of road to build In
such a setting was a problem with
which we were confronted. Whether
to continue the crooked lines, steep
grades and narrow roadway originally
contemplated by ' the old Board of
County commissioners, or to follow the
best modern practice ana ouuu ivv
...i, n iha traffic and the place. It
t
was decided to construct a road having
m-i.iih of 54 feet, a maximum grade o
L
f. per cent, and the shortest curve to
have a radius or mu ieei.
. . ' - . . ..u I .. i.in fat
height or tne onugc v
This bridge Is both economical ana
Th Ivtm la OrlKinai. oei"6
'
entirely different from anjinmps
attempted in this country. This and
all other reinforced concrete bridges
' . v.i- irio.hu.uv
uni via.iiiria on me cuunii"'" ' - o
ana v auuc.a on w.c -...-..- ----- -
- . . I V. . .
In MtutTiomaa vouiyy -
K. P. Billner. who is entitled to full
praise
for his snlendia accompuun-
nients.
The main falls at Latourelle are seen
from the bridge; they are 224 feet in
height. Several smaller waterfalls are
hliiher ud on the side of the mountain.
iii II-1 1 Moenle Soot.
rr
F-i-nm Latourelle Falls to
snenDara s
11. 11 the road is almost level.
This at-
tractive spot is one of the most beau-
a-
- - . . . . . Uih,ro ... 1 i riiirirAd
and w l" and has a charm' all its own.
ana wnu . lnn in
Aii arm oi (eet
length span, a idge and
:n ...",.0,a,.relow. tnen
looking down at the water below, then
up toward the ky at the watrrfalls
perpendicular
ahove. tiourina over
cliffs, which stand like the spire or a
srest cathedral. aH brown with age.
you see part of a beautiful park which
1- to ha lha nropertv of the city of
Portland and preserved for all tim in
Its natural state, through the generous
gift of George Sheppard, who owned
the farm and gave enough ground to
make this possible.
Continuing east from the Driage
Sherpard's Dell to Bridal en una.
at an elevation of 210 feet, the road is
Inioat level. From Bridal Veil it de--ni'.
gradually to the floor of the
vallev. Just west of Mist Falls. This
is a "clear wtp of water which fall
oer the high cliffs In a series of cas
cades from an elevation of 1500 feat.
I- Is broken and torn and in Its last
leap is loft in mist and spray, for
every wind that blows drives it about
wed sometimes carries it straight up.
! T fore it settles on the trees ana vege
I'rom rrown Point to Latoureu mo ...ki. ton, unree oisims,
rolA I. cut from solid rock for the Thielsen in Oregon, and beloW the Ore crest of ," X'?nH
first mile and hangs on the steep sides vm. - ri.- on llne n?.ar ral "i-uui. "LV of T.n.im- clrelin
h. mountain, a little further on n . lion ot tne siaie ini n i u" range, is mount onaaia. lumn - .-- ----- -
... -- ... ' ,v,. eivti, Ynlloa north of the bered centuries linaiiy resuneu u mo v...
w-a necessary to loop oaca. anu ivi . asuauo juouiii.iiio. oviu. . --. , ... - t,oriv of mire niflcent .scenic Deauty ana . exienaeu
through" "b7.ut.ful forest where the Tne Drlraary reason ,or the especlal Oregon-California line the crowning ,0e0atf ten vistasover awido stretch of mountain
ground was broken. In order to "de- auto travel in 1915 ls the g lory of this vas t d. '"J6' "010? surrounded by an un- and lake and forest region, will be sur-
velop-- distance and come down on he rr&nclsco Exposltlon and its re- SSeTuoarlU-? 1 fted .000 Sicken wall ' of fantastically carved passed nowhere In the world L Lead nS
reT fan".9.0 "'otf suiting impetus to touring of all kinds TTn which was 're- rock and cliff 20 mrles in extent and to this cen ral road are three main
fee T where the road crosses a beautiful on the Coast- Secondary reasons of cently bestowed the name of 'Mount fom 600 to 2000 feet in one from Klamath Falls along Annie
rernVo"dVoncr.te bridge 312 feet In specia, ,mport to Central Oregon are Mazama." It is Oregon's greatest ' ' Creei Gorge south and the other from
lencth. with three 60-foot arches, ine th. road lmnroVements ud the Colum- scenic wonder ana nas own uu. """c""'' ,' woo. the east bv way of the Pinnacles and
ixtion below, to be gathered again into w-hich is considerably east of the dl
a water brook and continue its way rect route south from Bend, by far the
to th sea. major portion of the travel today pro-
Here Ihe roaa passes oeiwreu mo
trarks of the O.-W . K. N. tompanj. pine and crescent to Fort Klamath,
and the steep talus slopes at the base Thence the delightful alternative of
of t!-.ee high cliffs. It was necessary teTB m detour westward to Crater Lake..
to build high rubble masonry wan
dovn close to the tracks, using boul
ders which were brought from the
steep slopes above. These dry mason
ry wall are a feature of the highway,
a total of more than two mile of such
waiis. n average height of 11 feet,
having been constructed.
Gordon Fall is the next point of ln
teren. This property has been pur--hised
by S. Benson for use as a pub
lic park. The water is absolutely pure,
as cold as Ice In midsummer and the
flow is constant. Gordon Falls is "most
t?ieh dcendUfrom a great height,
nmcn aescena irom . freai
falling- among riowering snruDs ana
rich growth of fern and moss-covered
recks.
From Gordon Falls to Multnomah
Kails the read dex-anda slightly and
t rues a reinforced concrete viaduct.
mndo nerWary by the sterp mounlaln
.1.-.. .Mhm rnm. HnWM to th tra.k.-w
of the O.-W. R. N. Company, These
slopes are made up of loose rock and
earth which has come down from the
cliffs above In past ages, now held by
the heavy growth of trees and under
brush, which caught it and tied the
whole mass together with their roots.
To cut away the toe of this mountain
sufficient to get owidth for our road,
or even to attempt the construction
of retaining wails meant disaster, for
the whole mountain above for hun
dreds of feet would then slide down.
This viaduct. 400 feet in length, solved
the problem. The road is constructed
below Multnomah Falls and commands
Un lhw ui6"a; .
Btructed a beautiful footbridge for the
use of do nits and those who wish to
climb the mountain slopes. This gift
and his offer to pay the sum of $5000
for condemnation proceedings to ac
quire Multnomah .rails for a puDiic
park, has endeared him still further to
me people oi roruano ana auiiniu
County.
Just east of the Multnomah Falls an-
other reinforced concrete viaduct has
been constructed SCO feet in length, and .
beyond this for a distance of 1200 feet
it was necessary to construct high
walls of rubble masonry, similar to
those previously described.
Oneonta Gorge Is Feature,
The road ascends slightly to a point
Just weBt o( Oneonta Gorge, where
some of the best scenery on the river
is spread out before you. From this
point the road descends to Oneonta
Gorge, which is crossed on a bridge of
concrete. Oneonta Gorge is a narrow
slit, torn in the solid rock. The walls
r. perpendicular. 250 feet in height,
and a beautiful waterfall is hidden in
its deptns. rne east wan i w svns
Is pierced by i
length. Coming
feet in
tunnel,
see St.
looking up into the sky. you
Peter s Dome and other pinnae
les high
uj. , .,-
The road is comparatively level, ele
vation 60 to TO feet above the sea. for
nearly four miles, past Dodson and on
to Warrendale. where we cross Kelly,
or Pierce. Creek on a concrete bridge
360 feet in length. Continuing on al
most level grades a distance of ' 1.1
miles, we cross Moffet Creek on a
single arch of concrete 170 feet in
length. From Moffet Creek to Tanner
Creek at Bonneville, a distance of 1.86
miles, the road ascends gradually for
a balf mile, reaching an elevation of
144 feet, where a splendid view of the
Columbia River, both east and west, is
obtained. Descending on a S per cent
grade the road crosses Tanner Creek
south of the state fish hatchery on a
concrete brdge of the girder type.
,, , i. .. . i,
point
t of Creek tf)e road
abends to an elevation of 200 feet
th(j trackg of th(J J & N
above the tracks of the Q.-W. R. & N.
passing around the end of
the mountain which centuries ago was
broken of( by eome fearful convulsion
of nature. This is the di
vide of the
Cascade Range.
On the opposite side
,.f th river la Table Mountain, which
Z :. - J Z. -m - -j
rorms tne norm pier oi uib muimi
"Bridge of the Gods."
Descending on a 5 per cent grade to
Kasle Creek the road will cross on a
..ircle. with a
Qf 6Q feet naHvo rck wJU
be used, making a rustic appearance. In
keeping with the surroundings. From
Eagle Creek to the county line the
road ascends slightly and there is a
splendid view of the Columbia River
where It narrows and forms the rapids
below Cascade Locks.
Route in Central
Oregon Is M.agnet
Illa-hway From Columbia River
South Through Interior Country
Provides Advantage In Travel.
"""""" "
HILE all Oregon, and most of the
r
V
Pacific Nortnwest, is expecting
WW
great things of the automobile
traffic with which it is to be favored
next year, perhaps no district can rea-
. . - . , 1 . v. w,
Dla jtiver irom roriianu aim mo uw-l-
terments made on the trans-mountain
rout,, ovr tho 1 K nn-71 Haas. All or
--
these working together, it Is expected.
wm direct a great amount of travel to
tb), lnterior country. At least the In-
. , -, , ..
ur or win Decoine more oroniiiieaL iiihu
leriur w... -"- '"' "T,
. .
ever as h. roaaway 10 ana irom va.ii-
fornia and a8 a tour land for 0rego-
ninn, a nd their iruests.
Slwh. ,,n .h-coiomhia n.tur-
.11, " wm" olZ p"c;nrk"egon t;
the tourists as it never before was
; nT't u un .he Co umbia in
win be the rarest kind of a
treat, botn irom tne standpoint or vis-
.. j 1 . 1 1 nMk.hiiiiv
" -'-J'" 1 1 J
aiso irom tne v.ewpo.ni ."""
wnose cniet aengnt is speea-maKing
ana eooq rpauu. dui ucjuim nje picas
J .1 T. - V AnamJ La
ures of the Columbia River proper will
come others. Once the tour-maker has
reached The Dalles and turns off to the
south, he will face a new highway to
California; or. if he will, he may have
the alternative of swinging westerly
again over the magnificent McKenzie
County to Idaho. j,
Bend Route Advantageous.
Roughly speaking, the main highway
now chiefly used north and south
through Central Oregon leads south
from The Dalles to Bend, either Hp the
west side of the Deschutes via Wapl-
nitia or further east thorugh Shaniko.
There are. in fact, a number of about
equally advantageous routes south to
Bend. From Sisters, which is about 20
miles northwest of Bend, the McKenzie
Pass road crosses the mountains, lead
ing down to Eugene. The Federal au
thorities have spent, and have pledged
the expenditure, of considerable sums
on the McKenzie route, and ultimately
it will become an ideal tourway for
automobilists.
While there has been an effort made
to popularize a north-ahd-south high
way via Preneville and 1 jikpvipw.
ceed directly south from Bend via La
over admirable roads, or a further
southward Journey to Klamath Falls
and California beyond.
Crater 1-ake to Attract.
Should the Crater Lake detour be
made. It can be lengthened and the tion 01 a a aay longer uu .B..- or rail for communication with Port
tourist go to Medford. on to the west Highway not only compares favorably the best-paying investment ever made xecessarlly. it was only at inter
of the mountains near whose summit with any gigantlo work of the kind, in Oregon. vas that they were able to reach the
is the famous lake, than which, with- shines as a great economic example Permanency Is Keynote. city. Now there is nothing to prevent
out any question, there is no more re- wnen the movement of a tremendou In the construction of the road fully them from coming or going at any time,
markable natural attracUon in all th guantity. of earth )a considered. From J0 per cent was for labor, material Value Affected.
LS..r o .h. .i . the outset the Columbia Highway was barely covering 10 per cent of the total v.Iues already have risen ap-
route there is no lack of scenic Inter-
est. 'First comes the glimpses of the
, tn. n.hll, through nhih
'
that river roars . tor aoout luu muea
northward from its influx with the Co-
lumbia. Rightfully that gorge ha
1. .n ,h ,1,-
ZTr 1 "
.M'riiiwr.M mnu Bsnuimiy uu nmri: lilt-
1 ai,. .ti, u ...uic v.. .
tureque t or nature-made beauty
HQ ffraDUCUr IU IH OIU UrCgOU
country.
Crater Lake National Parh Among World's Chief
, Natural Wonders to Become Mecca of Tourists
Body of Water 2000 Feet Deep Is Surrounded by FantasScally-Carved .Wall of Rock From 600 to 2000 Feet
High Sunken Volcano Is Now Lake's Bed Skyline Boulevard, 0 Miles Long, Encircles the Park.
F Lit : V. .f x-fr j t : , V-.y 'SA
i 4sp-irJMh -:f -UiM
W mr' ' W
-
Bt Alfred I. Parkburst.
THE. propaganda, "See America
First." li apt to receive unusual
impetus this year by reason of
tho conditions In Europe. Traveling
Americans who are accustomed to spend
their Summers and much money abroad
, th - toward tr
turn their 'faces toward tt
he first time,
the setting sun
fi-ids to explore. In
at. H " "a- -- ' -----
P" OI mucn """" "
and a large amount of advertising on
the part of the Western railroads, the
Wealth of scenic beauty and splendid
... .... nr th. PHfln rniut
bihuik "- -
of North America, and particularly the
Pacific Northwest, are not sufficiently
known or adequately appreciated by
the people of other . sections of the
United States. Oregon Is peculiarly
blessed with scenic attractions in great
Bbundance and of infinite variety, the
dominant features of which are em
braced in her mountain regions.
The Cascade Range, forming the di
vide between Western and Eastern
Washington and Oregon, .has been re
ferred to as "the land of the burn-out
fires." It was a region of Intense vol
canic activity. There are hundreds of
Isolated peaks along the crest of the
range, every one of which Is an extinct
volcano.
Volcanic Action Once Great.
At intervals centers of extreme ac
tivity built ud volcanic cones from 10,-
000 to 15.000 feet in height that are
now the magnificent snow-capped sen-
tinels of the range. Beginning at tne
north, in Washington, are Mounts
Baker. KMler, st.
Then comes
hOOu, jexiersoiit -.Bunie-
McLaughlin and
Rintlfln riddle of the woria.
- - - - - - KM.
J"? 'RK to the
' r
fully agreed as to tne
i,i AnrtintinTi. hut the lire-
Vvldence would
f ondera n, ce of g eol f' "01enfcestwn
i"d.c "IHi l,.fl ? and
destruction, out tne pre-
ooua violence It mew its neaa 011 anu
- .. . x
...nlr Into ttl AB rT n . nRVenumn
than aunk-lnto the earth. Seventeen
- : , , . riic.nnoarcr, ,n
cubic miles of ?Jld
l"D .- -- .
leaving
enormous crater six mlles m (name er
-"d more than 4000 feet deep. The rim
The rim
V ;. - i-.V?I,ir. St,or.
circle, 20 mile. In circumference, aver-
ine 7000 feet apove sea .evei. -
eral prominent points on the rim, eacn
of which ls the terminal of a ridge of
r: . : :: r. .j
. 1. m
nountain, rise more than
, feet above the average height of
----r , fao of the
cafderrfTrm peaks or blus nearly
i-llO X lllls v
Columbia Highway' Matchless in Scenic Grandeur
Thoroughfare Eich in Picturesque Feature., With Its High Cliffs. Waterfall, Gorges Trees and Suestered
Nooks-Sweeping Landscape Views Inspiring-Projeci Incalculable Asset to Portland and the Northwest.
B. s jnn.
HB construction of the Columbia
Highway is simply capitalizing an
asset that nature has so gener-
ously placed at the disposal or tne
. . : 'Th,
people of this tavorea
completion of this artery of commerce
J
i the realization ot a aream 0. ..
tnat liie peuyi" v. v o
land particularly would see accom
plishedthe important task of afford
ing means of communication with a
great and growing population who
were practically isolated.
..v.ril features of
00 sirimuB 1U
the Columbia Highway that the
achievement stands out as one of the
world's greatest strides In modern
road-building and one of the most euc-
cessful
feata of winding a course
through a realm of natural magnificent
beauty. To an engineer the practical
side of the highway is a marvel, ex
aung just a. much 'wonderment ,n the
expert as the beauteous side awakens
in the lowliest traveler.
Figures are always first In the atten
K.
built on business principles. It is one
thoroughfare the world over that has
ot been hampered by political Inter-
- , ... .
i"ence x J Columbia Highway
the progress or the Loiumoia nignway
and to date en itemized statement has
K - - - wont f every vard of dirt removed
.u KiiHi of tho anternrise a
in the
in " "
, . .. 4..,.i-
P''V'
vw -w r
Another appealing feature of the Co-
aymjo rz of
tt.m r th. .t.
tuuv ice u -
The Winter o
oorfnl
beautiful
nature
Crater Lake is never disappointing. It
n ir It
ww " -.rSVi, 21
. . . ,i,i, awA o
may not u
mar not overwneim you wim a -i.
first, but Its grandeur grows upon you
?Je mind I begins to comprehend
the magnitude of the forces of nature,
ins musmiuui, -
-1 . . ; .. .1 Ana-o.v that ornarea
UULU III
both in
thi offset
th' ??86 WiU G. Steel tegan the move-
' - . . .
. m10 ...u ir, tho stah.
ra'1""'!.'. pv
lisnmeni 01 um
Hshm,
now superintendent 01 tne para,
anri 11
and unaer " 'S' ?o beZ
and under his direction it is graauauy
"
a pant. sj th
National Parks are set as de for the
r.--.i
useana l",
reation and enjoyment xne reaer
Government, under the direction 01 xne
WaV De7artment.-is building a system
. , -i : 1 j j Am
lumbla Highway especially of interest
t',
"V ft an all-year-round
c" m , scientific lines block
haltlne of tra,fic by the elements. No
. . . 1, i o wotor
matter now mruas iu - -----
the cul-
accompanying rain o a'
vorta 1 ra amnio to drain Tne niBnwat,
- -- - - under mini.
which may be traversed under mini-
l,rc . . '
fare
that its commercial lmporxance
has been overlooked.' irue,uicu--
Um beaut of every view. the majesty
of the Columbia River. winding between
giant cliffs the "'"'
tne gorges, me jcreai. n ecu.
to. make the
. 1 11 m n 1 n h enway uh-
j .-
equaled In the world ot scenic gran-
stress is laid upon , the , neighbor state's t
AO I 111,. ...... - -
roads, yet mere is m.
the Columbia, and as a means to Induce .
" - . . , 1
' . . .
visitors to T Jt"
visitors to remain in Portiana at leasi
cost- Therefore its cost speedily found
,ts way back lnto the avenues of trade
, - :uj .wmrai to manv
1 01 u&uu
to many
anu tuiii,--,n - j
who would otherwise have been in the
, ,h-
ranks of the idle. From any angle, the
Columbia ttignway is a wwici. cve,j
olern of work was done with a view
- .... .. -
-nooy 411 hrlrle-ea are of con-
are of rock with
concrete bottoms and all retaining
' ...
and the
Create - 1" Svfce.. Cfje-r:
of roads and trails that will establish
, ni. fntMr of the
-V"ftVlWtBm is a
boulevard. 30- miles long, en-
sc the rim of the lake, that, when
pleted, for startling effects, mag-
Rand Creek.
That portion of the Rim road be-
iwn Kerr Notch and Crater Lake
t- a now built and
. . j.
Lodge is now duui anu lue !'
of all three entrance roads Is completed,
In 1915 these roads will be hard-sur-
. 4K tr,t mo
enter
laceu. 00 ...... j
- .
through any gateway and
enjoy
un uugn chj ea.t, V A.
stretch of splendid road through th
e
. i, Q
Dark un to xne rim as iir mo us
lodge.
When the Natron cutoff of the
nnmn,v nnn the Ore-
ouumc. -..-r-", ---- -- - -
b ""-V'"""
fort are completed the eastern. entrance
will be the main gateway to the park
for visitors who come by rail, while the
for visitors wnocom. ya fee
"ot sed bv automobile traffic, which
,-rr, rk .t
i mo yf-"" -----.
present
v roCOTI f
walls are built to withstand any pres-
grades-no grade being more
than S per cent-were f.11..
engineers who ad made road-building
a stuay. 1 ne " -ent
of commendation ot tnose wno weni
over the highway was a source 01 srl-
" ; VC w.hw
cation to all who were concerned In
i,,v.ci.M
the great enterprise.
the great enterprise.
V" of ro.ria built to
nn Tho mileace
1)n, .-e-raa-ated nearly 21 -
the close oi : 1813 aggregated neay
J'"" rational road system of
France. There now are but nine states
. ;J . . r,,A for mill.
-
r, , . ......
r";tate hiehway law. The
ing
Adjacent to the Columbia Highway
Bummer
l3 an extensive farming and dairying
.... . .n,Mn. of Ik. r!i
- """"""" . .":
community, to s
.nia of the numerous towns that are
- - . ... t
wholly dependent upon either the river
preciabiy, due' to the merits of the Co-
,umbla Highway. As an Illustration of
.. , , .ji.
tne increase 111 muts wi inu
tho increase
t to the road, a recent transfer of j.
w v , .... .
tract nf and adjoining the Town of
w arrenoaie win serve. 1 o .vco,
this land, containing about 400
acres.
....... m ,
for sianno The same tract was
d recently for J40.000. 31anr people
Already are seeking suitable eltes for
T"T.j- eultehU atom
country homes along tne road, and it is
safe to assume that the increase In
value of property has more than bal
anced the cost of construction of this
boulevard.
The old county road reaching as far
as Bridal Veil was over a hill averag
ing a grade of 22 per cent, rendering It
almost prohibitive for automobiles of
small power or loaded wagons to nego
tiate. The new road has no grades
over S per cent, making It easy for ail
travel.
Communities that were comparatively
.U,.J n noj- finri t h tm a nl vH in close
communication with one another and a
constant movement of people In every
direction follows construction of the
Columbia Highway, bringing persons
who- were strangers into frequent con
tact, thereby promoting mutual wel
fare and a better understanding. From
whatever angle this great enterprise
found to be the result.
Many lateral roads penetrating the
interior already are contemplated, and
it is hoped that a road leading from
the Columbia Highway to Mount Hood
will be fcullt. and thence back through
the Interior to Portlsnd, making ono
of the most magnificent trips Im
aginable. Of course. In the future, and that be
fore many years, it will be possible to
traverse the continent. Before a year
travel on a fine, hard-surfaced road
from the Pacific Ocean to Portland will
be possible, or from British Columbia to
Portland. Work Is being prosecuted
with vigor on the Pacific Highway, en
abling travelers to go the length of the
Pacific Coast on a road as smooth as an
average street.
Panorama Is Incomparable.
The year IMS will throb with great
iportunities.. The formal opening of
ODDOrt
the Panama Canal, the expositions at
San Francisco and San Diego will at-
' tract thousands of visitors, many of
whom will come and go via the North
west It remains for the people ot
Oregon to give them a lasting ImpreB-
The Columbia Highway Is tne one the big lair mere win do
scene visitors will remember best and a new palatial steamer service 011
longest At Crown "Point the enrap- nectlng fan Francisco with Portland,
tured spectator stands a thousand feet providing a delightful and fast ocean
directly above the majestic Columbia, trip up the coast and Into Ihe Co
looks 20 miles up the river and 10 miles lumbla River, with dlsombnrkatlon at
down to where the Willamette empties Flavel. and a short rati ride up I ho
into and becomes part of this great Columbia to Portlsnd. These twin sis
waterway, sees two transcontinental ter ships. Great Northern and North
railway lines busy with the commerce ern Pacific, are the very last word In
of a thriving populace, half a score of superbness of appointments. The
towns and villages picturesquely nes- Eastern tourist who elects to wend his
tllng on the rivers banks and farms, way westward over one of the North
beautiful foliage and unending forests ern routes will find this fart and li-
'- the imposing landscape, a pan- urtous trip down tho coast a dellsht
t will not easily be forgotten. fUB interruption of the long rail Jonr
- ...andeur of this scene would tax npJr -to and from the expoxltlon. Kn
a' yone to find adequate expression to routo he can stop off at Glacier Ns
r elate the glories he has beheld and the tlonal Park for a one. three, five or
mere telling would suffice to Impel Brven-day tour by automobile, staae.
listeners to visit the wondrous place iaite launches and horseback, as may
and learn through actual vlsibn that the DO preferred. Glacier Park, with lt
tale of the Oregon paradise ls not lm- cnain of chalet hotels, spaced Just far
aginative. enough apart for a few hours' ride b-
Competltlon of the Columbia Highway tween them, and Its scenery, surpass
stands as a record of brilliant achieve- inKy beautiful and Inspiring, wilt fnr
ment, and it ls with pardonable pride lBn those who stop over there wit 11
that those who were instrumental in enthusiasm and vigor for the remain
arousing interest and who gave their drr 0 the Journey.
time and attention to the consumma- Midway between Glacier National
tion of this great enterprise contem- FttT n(j Portland another important
' plate how splendidly they performed gtop whjCu will be made by many trav
the task. When the highway ls hard- riKT3 )s at Spokane, metropolis ot the
surfaced, ready for the enjoyment of inian(i Empire, where a two and one
all and for commercial purposes. It will uarter million dollar hotel has Ju't
be a project worthy of emulation by Deen finished, designed to fill the re
every community In the land. quirementa of the most exacting globe
Pacific Highway to
Attract Motorists
All-Coast Road 'Through Oregon,
Washington and California Now
Passable Throughout Year.
JUST a few months' work, most of f Dautlfui private estates that the
which has been contracted for, and oloer localities perforce enjoy, but that
the Pacific Highway will be open wlli follow In time. The mighty Co
from British Columbia to the boundary lumbla heads in British Columbia an.l
of Mexico. The biggest part of the zigxags southward through the central
Pacific Highway the All-Coast ; , d. part of Was M-t-..- th.
has been changed from a mlre in Win- 'i1, 'the KrMter part of the Uls
ter and a bank of dust in Summer to tancfc In commerce and length of riav.
an all-season road which autolsts can igaoie water, it rank, second only to
tour In comfort at all times of the year. the Mississippi, but in grandeur or
The Idea of this All-Coast road was scenery and vastnes. and richness of
conceived several years ago and meet- territory it drain., it will take flrM
ing. of good roads men from all parts Place. ,mp)rtant trlbutarl
of the Pacific Coast followed. The talk of the Columbia Oregon are th le
was followed with action, and the result Chutes nd Willamette River. The'
ls a highway over almost all of the former is flanked on either .ids hv
Coast ' rail lines penetrating Into the heart
The Pacific Highway Association ha. of Central Oregon Twh"' m"r
been most active In Oregon and Wash- "no oX? VTn
lngton, as California was already do- much mq a good Und ,eft lubjcct to
Ing much before the work was started gptry
up here. Tbe president of the assocla- Beyond the rough hill, and brown
tion Is Samuel Hill, one the the great- countryside of the canyon country
est of booster, for better roads. The ex- comes a stretch of "f'u" '""rv
ecutlve officer Is H. L. Bowlby. Stat, wherth. travel. view a country
Highway Engineer of Oregon. To old founa aU tne miand territory: saae
these two goes mucn of the credit 'obi-ugli, homesteads, wheat fields snd
the Interest which made possible the 'homes In the making. Southward fnr-
better rods. ther come, the irrigated area where th.
Washington practically has done it. waters of the Deschutes, led out upon
share of the work. AH of laBt Sum- the thirsty lands, are making manv
mer the road between Portland and blade, of grass grow where none at all
Seattle was being graded and finished grew before.
with a better surface. When Summer Then, at and beyond Bend, come. I lie
comes again the road will be one timber, and the tires roll Jn rosaa
which will make the trip to Seattle a brown with pine needles and all about,
very pleasant one-day drive. is a delightful park of open pint ilanrf K
In - Oregon most of tne worn nao
haen In Southern Oregon. The roaa
over the Siskiyous has been rebuilt
and ls passable at all times of tho
1 -.h nrori, h alan
reached the point of completion, and
surprising as It may seem, the worst
part of the road lies between Oregon-,
metropolis and the capital. The road
between Portland Salem is getting a
little attention, and the worst bugbear
has been removed directly through the
efforts of the Portland Automobile
Club and its president, C J. Clemens,
That part of the road wa the Rex-
Tigardville stretch, hailed as the
worst piece of road on the Pacific by
every tourist who ever passed over IU
Automobiles have been coming
through from California all Winter,
taking their chances on the bad
stretches this side of Salem, but this is
the last Winter of the chance of get-
ting mired.
California has done its share, and
done it well, from the northern to the
southern line. With the two northern
states almost readv to call In the tour-
1st. the Pacific Highway will have
passed from an imaginary line to a
highway whose wonders of scenery
will offer more variety to the vacation
tourist than a tour across the contl-
nent
Beautiful cities and wonderful farm
country, towering mountains ana iow
lying river meadows, black forests and
broad plains may all be seen in a tour
from one end to the other.
It will be the means of bringing
thousands of persons with money to
th Northwest. The tourist who has
Wintered in California will come
north, driven out by the heat and hu
midity of that state in Summer. The
people of that state will come north
to spend their vacations in this coun
try to secure the effect of contrast
compared with their own style of the
land beautiful.
The greatest step In Oregon has been
the Improvement of the road over Ihe
ItlOUIl tnil "Jll -
.... T o nnlv tTta t llil
line in me
remain which ni-eds specific attention.
That Is the Cow Creek Canyon road,
which is almost impassable In V. inter.
But this, too. will be made good be
fore the touring season- of this yc-ir,
and friends to tins .South can he nl
vlaed that one of the most beautiful
roads in the world invites them to the
ideal Summer cities of the Northwest.
JsTorti Pacific Is
America's Summer
Playground Region
Of Great ToorUt leemrnt el
ward Thia Inr Thoud. Will
ilt .urthneat.
. By V. W. ;rhm. We-tern lmln.irl.1 an4
Immigration Axrut. t.rrut arlhem.
u
NI.KSS all signs fail, Oregon anl
Washington are -on lu' threjholl
ol a long-ovcrduo recognition
tho Summer resort reslon of Aroorlc".
A coalition should and dnuhll"
rifle Coast stales that will have "r
t8 pe-t the empliasixluB cf oieKim
nj Washington as a Summer ri-sort
- . .,., wi,h Cu'lfoinU k a
"f1""- ",on'
The Panama - Purine Imposition i
the magnet that will uttrsit Co"t
travel during l:'i:.. ami Ihe Indica
tions all point to the visitation of Uin
Pa;ifio Coast by tens of thousands et
Easterners and Middle westerners.
They will come not only Individually
but collectively, also In special cars
and special trains. Every year there
are a largo number of convention"
that occur in various cities of the coun
try. During 11S all of the Important
ones will be held In the racuio io
cities. Among the,, thousands will bn
very many Important personages w n""
Impressions and .subsequent saying
and writings will go far toward pil
ing the North Ksclflo stales as faror.
ably in the publio eye as is California.
Water Route Is Offered.
Colncldentally with the opening ot
trotter.
Columbia' Scenery Klneat.
The night or day from Spokane lo
Portland. S7T miles along he norNi
bank of the Columbia River. Is Incom
parably delightful. Seasoned travel
ers acclaim the' scenery along Ihe
banks of the Columbia River below
Pasco not only to rival but far sur
pass that of tho Hudson, the Rhine,
or tho Kt Lawrence. All that Is lark-
, , ton anri lhn development
t or me ayrem uum ..- -
schutes, wiucn
cover, the eaatorn
flanks of the Cascades, extends from
Bend south nearly ail the way to Call-
fornia. No more beautiful country 10
tour through could be imagined than
this continuous pine forest, where in.
freedom from all underbriir-h makes tt
truly a natural park and the 'mr"'-
rical golden trunk, are marshaled , In
endless rank..
The roads for the most part are not
very good. However, they are eoin-
paratlvely excellent at Just the season.
when the highway, west of the moun-
tains are nearly impassable. The w.rt
feature of Central .Oregon automohll-
ing Is the dust of the hummer, ho far
as snow and mud are concerned, for the
most part they are negligible quauU-
ties. ...
The Willamette River drains the fa-
mous valley .of that name, of wlik-ti
James J. Hill has said that It Is "ll.
most favored spot on earth for lis
.i.e." It Is about the same slice,
Belgium, but despite the fact that It
is one of the richest and best valleys
n the world, the comparative pupula-
tion was. before tho present war,
per square mile In Belgium. glnt.t
about 66 in the Willamette Valley, from
which it may be deduced that oppor-
tunitie. .till exist in one of the world
richest valleys.
Portland to Be Miignrt.
Portland, famed for Its ro.ses, wealth
and beauty, with its quarter of a mil
lion inhabitant. Is as hospitable aa It
is beautiful. The stranser from afar
feels the atmosphere of welcome as
soon as he enters its gates, lis llv
newspapers, commercial organisations,
and modern hotls Imprtas all visitor..
Its Rose Festival. Land Products Show
and Livestock Exposition are three an
nual events of Importance which will
surpass In 1S11 all previous efforts for
the benefit of the tide of Hastem lour
lets which will ebb and flow throUKh
the "City of Roses" during U15.
Whether the European war trmi-
T.O tR W H II 1 II
tho year or not, tne
trans-Atlantic tourist ro
practically rloae.l for the
routes will ho
year at leat.
and the thousand" 11 I'liaterner. in
cluding many representative persons
in tlielr respective ppherea fi lutlv tv,
will follow Ihe exhortation of I.oul U.
Hill, the leiiiiing evjir.ii'-
America First, ami take their vaca-
tiwnal trip to the Pacific Coast lu l.i.