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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 1, 1915)
THE MOBNIXG OREGONIAN. FRIDAY, JANUARY 1, 1915. BUILDING OF PUBLIC DOCKS EPOCH IN PORTLAND'S SHIPPING Cart MUM I -d ' Cmdmm With Ship's Gear or by Comblna tioa of Gear and Electric T lctaea. Br ti B. Hesaxdt. Engineer tommMoo of f ublle WU THB first construction work under taken by the Commission of Pub lic Docks since its organization was the building of a motorboat land- ins at the foot of Stark street, on the west side of the Willamette River. In the latter part of the year 1913. and the first steps to acquire sites for the construction of public docks had been begun in 1912. both by process of con demnation and through negotiations with owners of waterfront properties at prices based generally on values estab lished by the condemnation proceedings. It was not until June. 1913. however, that the Commission succeeded in ac quiring the properties which were in cluded in the site for Dock No. 1. be tween Fifteenth and Eighteenth streets, on the west side of the river, with a total frontage on the harbor line of 1075 feet and an average depth of about 450 feet. Owing to the fact that & portion of this site was subject to a lease, which did not expire until February. 1914. the Commission was prevented from pro ceeding with tho construction of the full length ot this dock at the time the site was acquired. But in August, 1913. the contract was let for the construc tion of the first unit, or the southerly 663 feet of Dock No. 1. The unit was fully completed and equipped in April. 1914, and thrown open for business, the British steamer Lord Lownsdale being the first vessel to berth at this dock. As soon as the remainder of Site No. 1 was made available, proposals were Invited for the extension of this dock and contract for its construction award ad In March. 1914. With the annual rise In the Columbia River commencing shortly after the letting of this con tract, only a limited amount of actual construction work was possible until Jater in the season, the principal work done before June being the reconstruc tion of the landing of the Lower Al bina Ferry at the north end of the dock. " " , At various times after dock con struction had been commenced by the Commission, shippers and others had made strong representations to the Commission to provide facilities at which bulk cargo, such as coke, pig Iron, structural steel, lumber, etc.. could be unloaded on an open or uncovered dock or handled directly to and from cars. The Commission, after a careful study of the situation, decided that such facilities could be provided at the north end of Dock No. 1. at a comparatively small additional expense, and as the work on the extension of this dock at that time had not proceeded far on ac count of the rise in the river. Its con struction was so modified as to provide for a slip covering a width of 120 feet and a depth of 44 feet. Just south of and adjoining the reconstructed ferry landing at the north end of the dock site. Along the south line of the 120 foot wide slip an open dock 60 feet in width and extending from the dock proper to the east line of Front street, will furnish the open space facilities for the convenient handling of bulk freight. The open dock will have two tracks along Its face for the direct transfer ence of freight between vessel and cars, and it is also the intention of Install ing there a power derrick for the pur pose of handling heavy bulk material and machinery. Dock No. 1 S5 Feet Long. The complete layout of this dock In stallation, as it will appear when the work, which will be done with the funds which the Commission now has avail able, has been completed, Is shown on the plan accompanying this article. Briefly stated, this Installation fur nishes a quay dock having a length on tho harbor line of 955 feet, sufficient to accommodate at one time two of the largest vessels now making this port, and In the. slip, without extending be .yond the harbor line, one vessel 450 feet In length. In the slip, after a ves sel is berthed, there is ample room for placing barges alongside the vessel, for coaling, loading lumber, etc By referring to tho plan of Dock No. J. u will be seen that In rear of the " open dock there is ample space avail able for open storage. In addition to that provided on the open dock. It Is believed, however, that as the port's shipping increases, there will also be a demand for increased shed space, amd that the Commission will find It neces sary to construct a shed or warehouse directly in rear of the open dock, join ing the shed of the dock proper, and ex tending to Front street. Such a con struction Is believed particularly ad vantageous to the port, as it will en able a vessel to discharge its cargo, of whatever character, bulk material be ing loaded directly into cars, or placed in the SO-foot wide open dock, and its e-eneral or merchandise freight into the shed or warehouse, without the neces sity of the vessel making a move or changing its berth. It is contemplated to Install a sys tem of cargo- masts at the rear of the open dock, which will furnish the means of landing the vessel's cargo at any point on the open dock or into cars without rehandling, and also at the face of the shed or warehouse, if such is later constructed. The two tracks along the face of the open dock will have placement for about 15 cars, which, in case of lumber shipments, will enable bout 300.000 feet of lumber to be as sembled for loading out. Both the quay dock and the slip have a depth of about 30 feet at low water. The material excavated from this slip has been deposited In rear of the. dock, bringing the Till up to the level ot Front street. The original project of the commis sion .for the expenditure of the funds voted for dock purposes included the construction of a reinforced concrete warehouse, five stories in height, in rear of Dock No. 1. at an estimated cost of llSO.OOi). Before proceeding with its construction, the commission went carefully Into the question of con struction and operating expenses and the business which could reasonably be expected to be handled at such a ware house to return a fair profit on the linvestment. The commission decided, alter a careful study of the subject, that the Interests of the port and the business which wouid have to be taken care of for several years did not justify such an extensive construction or large expenditure of money at this time. In stead, the commission approved the construction of a one-story, heavy mill constructed warehouse equipped w.th sprinkler system, of the same ground area as the proposed concrete ware house, or about 3J..00O square feet. It has an electric conveyor for the direct transference of freight between the dock and the warehouse, of a capacity to handle grain in sacks, flour, case goods, nails, etc In the warehouse, portable gravity conveyors for distri bution of goods will later be provided, if the business done warrants such an Installation. Srnuid Dock Ready Sooa Late iu January tlio Commission had acquired the property needed tor Dock No, 3, between East Washington and . j ; - ........ t - Direct Railroad Modern System of. I , ' V j Connections With Handling Cargo Is I v . V . Docks Maintained Feature of Docks j J J - ' ' ' t .y V, . f Frevlaloa mt SwrKeklaa- Srrrlea aaa t V , . , ?t ' J I Aborptlo of Vtkarfaae Char sea I I U , , . r&ONT JT. " - j 1, BUllaet Advaalage f Pert. j ! S . StvM.I . Open Storage , ;, , J I Q ! 4XVft WEASV yfri-t- - . D ' ! 5 S I $ W $oWTOuew I ; FutureWarehouses , I ' r i i ' SKETCH SHOEING SUP TO BB1 BvivT AT NORTH BTO OF MUNICIPAL DOCK KO. 1. . 4o fmmf bfo ItHv Whc CROSS SECTION Of DOCK A D SL.P. JO'"" " "ANDL.NG CARGO BV JiKAXS OF HAST AD MWCHES. MBT0D0F OAaao- WINCH AND AN .... . . ' i. lno hnm ahnva th hatch. "When Coast ports. W.tn P"""" " , i. ,,7 thn'-hin'a hatch and deck i the harDor xne line irum i" - These cargo masts througn tne diock. hi ui ...... East Stark streets, and In March the work was commenced in 1913 was .com- joro contract for the. construction of this pleted early m January, . ot known as cargo masts on dock had been let. It Is a two-ievei urn. n - ... . lace oi-tne uocna. ---- " --- , Hrmllrht Into action by winclies It win db posmuio iv consideration the amount of buatne done and the class ot freiaht that la handled at this port. Investigations and reports showed: That savings by machinery ever cue. tomary methods of handling do not pay for .the material, maintenance and oper ating cost. That sorting- 1 nearly always re quired in the case with freight, be It European, Atlantic, coastwise, railroad or general. That capacity of cranes Is always relatively low In handling of general cargo which takes a lung tlnia to Mow and consists ot light Backas-eit. That records of crane Installations In largest European ports show that for general cargo the total number of hours during which cranes are at work In the course of a year averages only 1000 hours.' and that the mean number of hours per annum worked by ail tlio cranes ot a port. Including ernne ux' for coal and other bulk freight, hardly exreeds lf00 hours. , That ship's wiuches are very gener ally used, notwithstanding the install ation of cranes and derricks. That the more closely a natural or der and condition is followed, as against artificial creation, the more surely will economy be conserved. That the more artificial ny propo sition Is, the more expensive it is bound to become In the end. Investigations made by the Push Terminal Company, of Brooklyn, dur ing a number of years, with a. vinw of cheapening the cost of handling r.iRi by the installation of mechanical xp pliances and machinery have not re sulted In the placing of any mathlnory whatever, the conclusion being, appar ently, that on account of tlio gi nil cot of sorting required no present known form of Installation would have suifi clent elasticity to be economical. Deck Aatos Re lard. At dock No. 1, In connection wlfh warehouse service. It is proposed (o furnish two electric dock, autos. of two-ton rapacity eath, for transfer ence of freight which rnnnot ho han dled by tle conveyor, and for tranx portatlon of goods from distant pntnis on the dock to the conveyor. It ' further proposed to oiM-rste the dock autoa with three or four trailers t' each auto, tlnia expediting not onl the transfer of gnoila, but hJho consid erably reducing the cost of transfer. The two tracks now in tear f Dock No. 1 will accommodate, at ono time, S7 50-foot cars. Klmuld thrw trackairn facilities at any futuro limn provo Insufficient to handle tho ( k's rail huaineaa. thn Commission has made provision for sufficient space 1n marginal wav running puraln-l 1 the rear of the dock, to permit of tlio construction of an addilloiml track the full length of the dock. Hy ri.mil construction of additional rn'lv three entrances and exits, ronneiilnir with Front street, have been provided, which has eliminated the team con gestion to which this dock was ah jected before tho fill In rear of Mo) dock had been completed. At Dock No. , entrances lo both levels of the dock have been Inatalle.l at each end of the structure, thus pro viding complete circulation of team traffic and doing away with the neces aitv of turning the toama iilsids tho dock. In rear of the dock there will be three parallel tracks, which will furnish placement for a sufficient number of cars to handle the rail winches it will be possible to work two ,V not content- till lurmer , 7.7 w.p.honu i i . niarea until bui.u n "" " " " t ha llll ELEC- the carge it has been demonstrated that a sav ing in time of about in per ceni u effected, when the ship's gear alone is used on the cargo masts. With dock . . . . rr . - i-i h.va o rpniiv T n a linn naKMiut loivu,,.. ln. ine ' winches, or wnicn xom - ----- - ---- - , h.nlll.i,t di maul Ulun, L - " " " . , . V. UvaP T)orU lC.V:l- " C"B"4.SC tim- Dock No. i, including the slip and in8talled on Dock No. 1 bers s construction that should be per- the portion of the open dock unoer Wan&ling pedit-a, manent so far as the life of the doc contract, una lub K " iv structure Itself is concerned. The ele-' in "t,nlnthsJ1 - oaTt o Decern- rig' a block directly over the door on Thia ,B an exceedingly simple and ef- yatlon of tne lower uoca - bir At the present time the open dock the dock through which freight is BctiVe method ot handling cargo. ieet tLUUVO v t- , . , TV . . aon ifTH invhe UnUiti iave to be Biipplied. - . n i n a nn icv ok liib v,niiunio n. have a rated capacity ot -""y; ;".. ;h. .. of Dock No. 1 Is con- ao rectly beneath the block on the cargo er. The numoer oi qock - c,rned Da, been to restrict It. us. to .nJ lowered from that to the provided at dock No. i has . not yet been overseas shipping. The determined, ana ineir inwiuu ... - atlantle A Pacific Boa- Henend on the amount and character r"".?..,::,, it of business that will be done at that - - a "A,;. -7nc f..T?;..B.ffo.is. .B.:: 72 i r.rv cTes :a bMr .d b0for. th..oU. . to tn JJlcl'aL " Tiie metnoa or nunuuns vo deck of the docic. tnirted to the wiam . v., aA onrl to nlace a blocK on is very dosuivo in auuuu, by rlwlu mast - --ocande Why this -eintoy t-ough, the com- sorlnkler system or from other causes, contract time, or is placed a hook. In discharg ng cargo me'o "peniag ls di. strated that' such installations would larger A a. .W .ln.a nf h VPlir IflB rOllOWlUK SIB.I1U111IK Vf e T 4- r. loft f1flA H Tl 11 LIIO CUI m W lO , Ai. LOO Miyjov v j 1 . i 4. hocf rT"51f"I 1L W LlliB. a a,- - - - . progress naa Deen v. rr,Trr . .v.. mn, construction work: - L aaopa w Vir ,nn. hoisted out of the hold Dy tne wincii up- - n:annA -t Hnrk No. i cost of discharging vessels. KinK ihlu 1 -"r "1 'l " ; -7,..-,.., followed in tne mom IMtm throueh the block on the ship'. ry auiuai principaj. v,""" 1 lie HIUIUI UWafc " " - - " - , - aa a,. PORTLAND SOON TO BE BIG INDUSTRIAL CENTER mission, ana ii . " . f ..ol makln the nort. December 1, 1913. the tariffs gon-Washington Railroad! value In expediting and lessening tne naumu i ' provided for assessment of wharfane and loading and unloading of carsiat Portland on merchandise from Alls, Hawaiinn Islands, or Philippine gl ands, California and Alaska, Inter changed with water carriers passing over all Willamette juver oocaa e- Bt f. H. Iew-ts. of I-ewls-WUey HydrauUe Company. THE writer's view of a subject of such tremendous Importance to a city as Its Industrial development. Is the view of one who has somewhat recently come to Portland, and who has seen fit to Invest for himself nd friends over U.500,000; and this ex penditure was not made as a gamble, but after a thorough Investigation of Portland's growth ans her future op portunities. The writer does not claim an extremely great knowledge of man ufactures and manufacturing, but his opinions here expressed are the same opinions he held when he first viewed thOnetof the first conditions now looked Into by the modern anfact"ref,., the home life possible for the Industrial . t-2 nf a Tl A TV "r l"" i" X.,; iiid her that is cut annually Dy roruuuu --r------ -- t uHmiiiv the factories. L L"7, " h'v water. Port- mills. This lumber represents uuB. r'I raw material through qual industry pacity .for cutting the amouht of llurn- "ZZ, Ulr .. ,rrv. D,ti.nfl and. depending upon the degree oi re- CUl aoniiaiij "3 -- --- . - (rlonti quantity to several thous- tunity of Portland to look into, Inve'-agpt those owned by these companies vSrSA om and depart- -'-'"1 1. th(.tyl. of industry we require Pl tigate and establish these new manu- to add just one word The Commission early in the yenr took up the matter ot uoing away wnn una rith the result that all the. In oil li-MnYi but in rection there Is competition oy ii u -- Jl kinds can be made of the wood by water, hence a constantly growing oi au -'ns Yet .without tak- .OB'fIhfa wheels of industry. Permit me to add just one wora hanrtC. BKalnst the port with Ihn ore. gained from the experience or ,,-,,. wlth th. result that all tho ants the world over, that have mace rallroadl B0 amended their tariffs, ef od articles for unfonnd markets. I . ti during December. 1914, that will say, aon t spenu an J . .v, , good articles for rill ig assume wharfage, loading every ii- womaM.w- """ ----- -- m PorUand. aue oi wow, iiw ....... - win say, uou c i.n - - thev w Water Power i, numixeu. ln your plant; reserve a tair amouni - .Qrfin, .h.rH.... not exceeding Then comes the power' to run the for findingr, uncovering creating and ( ponndll or 4Q i.i nt indnnrrv. Steam power is d,1(.atlni- vour market. Remember, ou fn'". a like to know what effort he is making obsoiete though for those factories re- there is selling expense in anything . or from AflK Philippine 1IC. B11U IHOt auiauB - ae w .in vo.. ... ,7 - . . -a. nthprs to c&Dltailze. jj or years i hm-v- plpptricitv ls tne mmg, iiu, tne experience oi iism " . ing - at 1.000 . square miles of the most others to cm ml lumberman e lectrtoiw unlimited. The elec- ha9 trld for the !ast six years to move cert fertile territory on earth, she can never v. tti recsntlv I have i Tn,tin-1 and the Northwest lllmv fin Dracticallv no selling ex- The be dislodged from her possibility as a " .mi!lir,Br take one a , ter oower. Portland rt y,a, failed, by realizing that mac poll absorption charges are also rmnpr on oracLicui iy no bch.iib -. . , " i -------- --- i.v.. ... t -,--,.. Portland . I v.. ...i.j k. .lliina that mid to apply in cannen sann manufacturing center. A glance at tne " " "T VtTemntlnaT to solve his Z at this moment to supply ft "takes time, advertising and sales- pickled, salted !". ,. t .... map will show Portland at tne Jnion- e'ra" He canT It seems to me. con- elecVrlolty in immense horsepower manship to tell the world of what you absorption or w..s- of two great waterways the Wlllam- vroblenu e ca . . p eiecmcity competitive compa- nave tS offer, and those things all railroads this 2"h',L ette and the Columbia. These two tinuo " u reai,y and truly 1, the competition naturally main-. cost certain amount of money. on an equal basis with ths Sound pits streams drain this Immense area Just f n,femnf would like to make falnlns Just rates. The great Columbia Itc , apParent that the manufacturer ln this class of business. he nome me " oemg openea 10 rem (iC..u1,,,.v.. . investment. Wouldn't It De a Basin, at the Inlet ana ouuei oi establishing nere nnas a eum n.... v.. awltrniBg semee worker. Home lite ana soc.. that comes in and goes uc.,n" reaaonable thing for him to add a lit- stands Portland, holds one-third or an ideal condltions and ready-to-use op- D ,K tn, paBt two years the Com- ment cannot be too ideal for Urge pro. natura, transfer point at Portland.orhe "aanaeD1jeaDor alue to his lumber, put the undeveloped water powers of the portunitles. But there ls so much more best, working for the re duction and low America has river boats ruturn to "el,rnifls?e wiTh it in more marketable shape, increase Umted States. room for manufactories to utllisa .our moval of al, butin, track from front racioiy - . iiouio po.ua . - hi- Der capita of possmie usage o. Climatic ana living - uvuuin ui n. m.... street north of urosaway orinae, m increased its production and finished products and manufactured ar- PfuXg articles from the wood Ideai or manufacturing, especially In operat8 more strongly ln locating them. ;"",. addltional trucking space for that are and can be usea everywueio tne us or nign-cmoo Co-operation supreme neee. the rapidly increasing leamins. on ..- and especially in our American mar- most desire: shipping facilities are nere attitude in this Is not critical, mai thoroughfare of the dock. The.a AUU A BO-J, - AUU fc kets? Its overhead through paying betJer tides purchased from the PorUand fac wages, educating tne empiuj". v "1 torres and wholesale nouses. Ing recreative hours and equipment lor ( Th8 movement of freight -via the employes, assisting the worker to bet- raiiroaj from coast to the Interior and ter living quarters and improved com- lnterior to coast is accomplished on a munlty associations and looking to the lgnteP grade than from any coast out better health of employes. In the East iet in America. The movement to Port- the producer frequently is ir ,and u down Krade water grace--ana beroI blg-iUmber men who have been opened to us by the large expense to create these conai- on return average pull to all this Jj looked at this simple point Canal and by dissension ln tions. due to the congestion In the large lmraense basin Is but a grade of one- , . th hav never gotten out of ducing countries of Europe. Eastern cities and to tne lacs; oi "- quarter of 1 per cent. th rut of the business they so ural advantages. Then isn't it logical for us to assume ioneereo- yet Just consider the Portland has been given by nature th t can take many of these prod- Y"'. nrth nerhans ti most of the advantages oiners no uots of the BOll and pasture, ana aaa io - . f t ,n lne 8tump. if we cut boats to the Portiano pianL..- irkonfaeturers' Association of Oregon "a to buy. Extreme temperatures r" them some labor value at this clearing Eame tree Jnt0 cordwood. it may Why not increase tne ai"J , ,,y active in this direction. te rates are self-solving, waier ...,. , h ,.natructive. Here fr.ira are owned and operated by Hie by the greatest source of supply ln that power ls unlimited; of raw "erl w" la the condition: The Portland Railway. Northern Paclflo Terminal Company. one thing ot any possiDie inuuit, nave a u.c, 1' -f,P Light earth lumber. Strange as It may seem, x nave met . Eastern centers here. The Northwestern Heattia Railway Company have reached -irii-iA nnmnanv is liKeiv aoiiig mt . . Ba.rAmant .. to iracxage aim hl . Wi 7 nl" and noatThe canning Tame thing. The PorUand Commercial ;-tch",Bf; arrangement and have sn ne8; Xdtr. Club is working for mors , factories d that, effectiv. November Seattle Railway Company. fieri rlo Railway Compsny. known. We have a mna oumBtr v.,, point? Why shouwn t we rane some ul ket at j4 to $6 per cord, and rur- perous development m ,.- 'th club, occaslonall interest 7' """ Trunk Railway and Inited drenched with golden sunshine not hot this raw material and instead of trans- ber of days' work This ing Industry and the manufacture of Vs In thus building up the city. 2'??" company nSw ."plying to and weakening, and a Winter "1 t erring to the dock and from dock to if sawed into iumber Is the various byproducts thereof? Also different individuals having in Z?tol"in Portland will also more severe than a gentle rain the n n or coaster or railroad. n- ,20 per thousand feet and Why not develop the sro th of flax Also ouie Portland, the safe f"""1 ll ,t and dellVsry of carload mean annual temperature being 6J de- 1jad at the factory. make a more fin- ,;niBU employment for several through the manufacture of IatS;7 of capital and the capl- 'nc ud? wf,"Sut addltlonal Ih.rVe to gree. Fahrenheit. The healthfulness of isned produot. add to the raw material JayUa 'Vr Cne man. if worked Into fin- ucts? And, so we eould nam, numbers Jaraeo7ntrura,Prei!0Urce., are work- '"i'.T Noharn Paclf lo Terminal Portland ls demonstrated by the ex- and stow this output in the umbeT, It becomes more valuably of raw materjals for use In manufac- taUx.ng M , l'"?. .cirSn and 2di". to tremely low death rate, it -always being aea,.golns vessels' holds? I am sure ,sn $30 to ,60 per thousand feet, and ture. - lnfll The story of organisation as Comjwyi t racks on en d adjacent to at the head of the list, either first sec. the boats and freight cars have n ob- would furniah employment for more .n.de l TJ 8 A." New Watcliword. -gainst unorganized effort. When will n fn "I'm L ond or third in the health statistics of Jections t0 this finished freight brings a Bnd better paid laborers for a "Md 8- f ; ' foso club, and Individuals organise Albers Pock i No, . 1. nor hward to ,U the Union. In no city have I ever been Jbett frei ht rateg and everything itr length of time. This same lum- I can 8 he. Ji "f thing They and follow out a definite plan of cam- PreKon-"h'"l?" .n.vaV nmh where the air was cleaner, where dust thaV7t would be possible and plausible falfn a Efurniture factory produces few against tls sort of thlngThey and Lnf10W8uurl new ,ndUBtries for iMtlon Company ' J'" and flying dirt was such an uaknown forvs to manufacture in PorUand. eTal huDdred dollars' worth of fur'- will begi n claiming no market But palgn or jg industrial center, ot "' ''"r ComDaJy,s thing. would not bring us Into profit-reducing u and mlght furnish employment well we know that all vlu" where farm and factory meet? When m wte C P 7 AJarge factor for public health and competition with the territories of ex- " "S- and indirectly equal to six been taken out . o : the Phraser M. de whe re arm ana r monu m eherlock .v.nu in lanor is me water - . , . man's time, rue in irtrmauj, ... . . - - . . , , ttM- ... -uri ', hi. aciion nm , ... . " yiais tnr fiia-h efficiency one drinks, and the Bull Run water supply is conceded by all who know to n.n .lnna contains one-fifth of ail articles, bucu " .. j ,jh advantage of their be tne ? ' V. i . ' v- .i.n.lina timber in the United etc.. might proo . . f .nDV now being along kA u.-.t-i.i t- or inoEA lines' ui inn u t- - . . : . . wta-o. .t nrririPR. Ann mi ui ujwfv. - rT' . factur. requiring a pur. water with a low percentage oi ciboh. r. ' ,v. mp9sura. hv morer materials aaaed 10 ine unB.u .--' --- . T . M no Por . v. - r. n i r n n t na ... nn it , rai . n ... -- - .- - - . - . . , . . q.h rn r. a i nuici iu.ua th., value or lumoer saweo axia .aiuueu. - - nonin. ui , KVom Paria." and such. Without ment. to x-uruanu -k- .,,.. . n AncVtm and in- Timber Wealth Eaormoua. working of the Sr;-." the foreign markets open ing over the excel lent factor, ..te o .-"-.--"--- industrial ten .or. v.-..-. . ..al Ka.la. and the Willamette. Ana me auu- z ran . :, T.l " skilled and unskilled labor will advance Ing charts on 0"n f l,'.ht mineral a Is unlimited. On. ot th. tot tMnsTi to to consldL, No city, in the entlro world ba, tho u. rango ''SrStM a opportunity. Kreatet than th. oppor.. tland beyoaa her highest ftxp.cU- busjusss, U disUnct adTaiiUfo th.