TIIE MORNING OREGONIAN. MONDAY, NOVEMBER SO, 1914.
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l"OKTL,UM), MONDAY, KOT. SO, 1914.
1 ALLIES' TERMS IF THEY UTS.
So confident are the British,
French and Russians of ultimate vic
tory over Germany, Austria, and Tur
key that British writers and public
men are already discussing the terms
of peace which they should impose.
The main principle set forth la that
the terms shall be such as not to
contain within themselves provoca
tion for another war, as did the terms
Imposed by Germany on France in
1871. If Great Britain should have
her way, the principle of national
unity would guide the repartition of
territory, even to the extent of giving
'provinces to Germany as well as tak
ing others from her. Provision would
be made to end the menace of
militarism, that peace, once es
tablished, might be as lasting as pres
ent foresight of that which would
endanger it would permit. These are
declared to be the main purposes of
Great Britain. Before such terms
could be proposed, all of her allies
must unite upon them, for they have
bound themselves to act together in
all steps designed to end the war.
Consideration of the manner in which
these principles would work out in
detail shows that they would not be
likely to conflict seriously with the
desires of France and Russia,
Return of Alsace-Lorraine to
France would be a foregone conclu
sion. A war indemnity would be ex
acted which would approach as near
ly to the losses of the allies as would
be within the ability of the two Teu
tonic empires to pay. This would in
clude ample compensation to Belgium
for all her losses and sufferings. The
Polish provinces in Prussia and Aus
tria would be taken by Russia, and
prediction is made by Sydney Brooks
In the North American Review that
the Czar would redeem In full hl3
promise to restore the kingdom of
Poland under his sovereignty.
The most radical change would b
the partition of "What Mr. Lloyd
George calls the "ramshackle empire"
of Austria-Hungary. Servia would
certainly be given Bosnia and prob
ably Herzegovina, or might agree to
share the latter province with Monte
negro, which would also have a fair
prospect of acquiring Southern Dal
matia, and at least a part of Northern
Albania. Croatia, Slavonia and other
Slav districts of Southern Hungary
would naturally go to Servia, though
Mr. Brooks suggests that they as well
as Bosnia and Herzegovina be formed
into one or two Slav kingdoms but
tressed on Servia and Montenegro.
Servia would not be satisfied without
a strip of Albania which would afford
her an outlet to the Adriatic Sea. If
she were gratified In this respect, she
might willingly return to Bulgaria the
part of Macedonia where Bulgars pre
dominate. Greece "would claim South
ern Albania, where Greeks are in the
majority. Italy may also claim a slice
of that province.
If the principle of nationality is
to prevail, it is difficult to con
ceive how all these desires can
be satisfied in conformity with it.
Should all claims be ignored, the in
ternal divisions of Albania would re
main an obstacle, but Mr. Brooks sug
gests that the question "is not Insolu
ble along the lines of Swiss federal
ism." Italy would be rewarded for
having remained neutral under strong
pressure with the gift of Trent,
Trieste, Istria and part of Dalmatia,
In which case she might forego her
claims on Albania. Roumanla would
be pacified with the acquisition of
Transylvania and Bukowina, which
are largely akin to her In population.
Hungary might become an independ
ent kingdom; Moravia might be"
Joined to Bohemia, which would again
become independent. As to the Ger
man provinces, Mr. Brooks says:
The Germans would be urged to throw In
their lot with their kinsmen of the German
Empire. In that way Germany, though
beaten, would emenre from the conflict with
more subjects and larger territories than she
possesses today, and one of the dreams of
Pan-Germanism would be realized.
As to what Great Britain would
claim for herself. Englishmen are
most insistent that Germany fully
compensate Belgium, and some sug
gest that Luxemburg ' be annexed to
that kingdom. They next suggest the
retrocession of Heligoland to- Britain.
German East Africa would probably
be claimed, as it lies on the route of
the Cape-to-Cairo Railroad, also
Southwest Africa, which adjoins the
South African Union, although an
English privy councillor in the Cen
tury Magazine says "Germany's over
seas possessions are not of much ac
count." He suggests that they be
parceled out between France and
Russia, England contenting herself
with Togoland. It is probable, how
ever, that John Bull would want Ger
man" New Guinea and some German
Islands. Schleswig-Holsteln as far
6outh as the Kiel canal might b
given back to Denmark, together
with that waterway, which would be
neutralized.
The expected defeat of Germany
and Austria is assumed to carry with
It the destruction of Turkey, or at
least her expulsion from Europe,
which opens the possibility of dissen
sion among the allies. Russia would
surely demand Constantinople and all
the territory she conquers in Asia
Minor; Great Britain would surely
annex Egypt and probably the
Arabian coast of the Red Sea and of
the Persian Gulf, as well as the lower
Euphrates Valley; and France might
claim Syria, Much of Asia Minor
would remain to be allotted. Thi.
disposition of Turkey would violate
the principle of nationality, but the
Turk has always been regarded as
an intruder and a tyrant, so that this
principle Is not considered to apply
to him. The greatest difficulty might
rise over Constantinople. Russia
Bright insist on. having it ana, her al-
lies could not -well deny her, though
the privy councillor says:
Probably the arrangement that would be
made, would be to Join the remainder of the
Turkish Eurooean empire to some Slav
state in sympathy with Russia, so that even
If Russia did not actually get Constanti
nople, she would be the commanding Influ
ence thero.
The task of reconstruction will be
as great as that performed by the
Congress of Vienna in 1815 and the
conflicts of interest will be so many
that the services of a trusted friend
of all nations will be of inestimable
value. The absolutely impartial neu
trality preserved by the United 8tates,
Its friendly relations with all belliger
ents and its freedom from selfish In
terest in the disputed points have fit
ted this Nation admirably to play that
part.
BEST CHRISTMAS GIVING.
The Associated Charities in Its
quest for contributions to its Christ
mas relief fund publishes from day
to day brief summaries revealing the
character of appeals that come to
that organization. The first one In
the list was the following:
Cass 1. No work; four children to sup
port. Not a stick of wood nor a crust to
eat and no money with which to buy either
was the condition of one man who finally
appealed in desperation to the Associated
Charities, no had been out of work for some
time ana was not able to secure work, no
matter how bard be tried. He has. four
children, the oldest only 8 years old. ' And
into this family, cold hungry and destitute,
the stork is soon to com, bringing another
to be cared for.
This case Is not isolated in Its pa-
thetlo character. It is typical of many
indexed at the offices of the assocla-I
tlon. Up to today summaries of twenty-two
cases of diru need had been
published in The Oregonian.
It should be remembered that the
Christmas relief fund acquires its
name from the fact that the. appeal
for aid for the unfortunate is made
annually during' the holiday season.
rhe fund is not primarily to bring
one day's cheer to the helpless, but
is for an entire Winter's charity.
Herein lies opportunity for Christ
mas giving of the highest order.
KECOUNT OX SHERIFF. X
The comforting assurance Is riven
by a newspaperTfriendly to Mr. Word
that it is "without any allegation of
fraud or chicanery" that a recount of
the vote on Sheriff in Multnomah
County Is demanded. "Mr. Hurlburt,
who on the face of the returns is
the successful candidate, has shown
a very commendable spirit by In
stantly agreeing to a recount," Is
added.
It is all a most polite affair. No
body has mutilated any ballots, or
forged any returns, or changed any
votes; but the friends of Mr. Word
are not pleased with a result which
they agree was honest. What they
want Is a protracted and detailed
scrutiny of every one of the seventy
or eighty thousand ballots, just to
make certain that their own belief
that everything was regular and cor
rect is well-founded. - Don't they
know?
We wonder If Sheriff Word is the
principal in this demand for - a re
count? He had one experience of
that kind and it was not at all satis
factory to him. Are reports true that
his deputies who are about to be de
prived of their job3, and who have
everything to gain and nothing to
lose by a recount, are urging him to
take this extreme course and are con
tributing the necessary funds? Have
the men who bet, and lost, a lot of
money on the result, anything to do
with it? We hope not.
Sheriff-elect Hurlburt is willing
enough to have a recount, it is said.
Tet he could with propriety object
to long-drawn-out re-examlnation of
the vote, based wholly on a defeated
candidate's - dissatisfaction or the
dissatisfaction of his friends with
the fact that another was elected.
BOOROAR FOR PRINCIPLE.
In the words of Sam Weller, "Hoo-
roar foe principle." A correspondent
writing to a .local contemporary has
discovered, doubtless after exhaustive
and painstaking investigation, - that
existing hard times are due to a con
spiracy of capital to force the people
to vote the Republican ticket. Other
worklngmen may turn to the Repub
lican party, says this correspondent,
but he will continue to vote the Demo
cratic ticket If it leads him face to
face with starvation.
We are reminded that it was also
the immtatal Weller who told the
pathetic story of the little man who
killed himself on principle. This
pleasant gentleman was one of the
precise and tidy sort whose whole
lives are governed by principle.
Among other things he did on princi
pal was to eat four crumpets every
day. Finally his physician advised
him that his daily consumption of
crumpets, if persisted in for six
months, would kill him.
" How many crumpets at a slttln'
do you think 'ud kill me off at once?
Three shillln's vurth 'ud be sure to
do It I suppose?' 'Certainly,' says
the doctor. "Wery good," says the
patient; 'goodnight Next mornin'
he gets up, has a fire lit, orders in
three shillln's vurth o' crumpets,
toasts 'em all, eats 'em all and blows
his brains out,
"Wot did he do It for? Wy, in sup
port of his great principle that
crumpets wos wholesome and to show
that he wouldn't be put out of his
way for nobody."
Such is life. Some folk are so set
In their principles that good advice'
and the evidence of their own senses
will not swerve them. An outlandish
suspicion and the comfort of adher
ence to principle may sustain a few
in the face of starvation, but like the
correspondent, we are inclined to be
lieve that some will cease to vote the
Democratlo ticket at the first oppor
tunity. HERRICK "THRUST OCT.
American politics have been played
in Paris with the result that Myron
T. Herrlck has been "shoved out" to
make room for William G. Sharp as
Ambassador from the United States.
"Thrust out" is the term used In a
Washington City dispatch. The
story is that Senator Pomerene has
been busy around the White House
intimating that It is "about time a
good Democrat" got into the Paris
Embassy. Mr. Pomerene is said to
fear that Mr. Herrick will be a can
didate for President in 1916 and that
the praise awarded the retiring Am
bassador in the newspapers for his
handling of the war situation will
aid his ambition.
So .the exigencies of Ohio politics
have dictated the removal of a man
who has made good in the greatest
crisis In the world's history and the
substitution of a man who Is entire
ly devoid of diplomatic experience.
Mr. Pomerene seems to have been in
different to the proper conduct of
this Nation's affair Ja Franca in
the " present emergency. To him the
spectacle of a Republican drawing a
salary under a Democratic admin
istration is intolerable, and all other
considerations are negligible, although
at no time was there more urgent
need that we should be represented
in every' European capital by a man
of experience and proved ability.
We have been repeatedly informed
that the American diplomatic service
In Europe is a joke. The Paris
episode will continue the joke, which
will be rendered more hilariously
funny by the "breaks" our amateur
diplomats will make In acting for
most of the belligerents In various
capitals.
THE PLACEMENT IHTWKAIJ.
A '.'placement bureau" Is the latest
Improvement in the Cincinnati public
schools. 'It has been adopted in that
city after the example of Boston and
Chicago.
The placement bureau is a factor
In the vocational guidance of pupils.
Pupils who leave the lower grades to
earn tlrelr living will be helped to find
suitable employment. High school
boys and girls who want to work part
of the time and also keep up with
their classes will be directed to suit
able employers. The Cincinnati Cham
ber of Commerce Is expected to co
operate with, the placement bureau,
whose good work will thus ba facili
tated and extended, -
This is the very best kind of "con
servation." It helps young people to
use their abilities to good advantage,
keeps them from making wasteful ex
periments, and,' above all, prevents
them from rushing into those "blind
alley" vocations which lead to nothing
but disappointment and poverty in the
long run. The placement bureau J
manifestly an Indispensable auxiliary
to the vocational work of the public
schools.
ATLANTA CTJILTT OF HYSTERIA.
The last hope of escape from the
gallows for Leo M. Frank, of Atlanta,
seems to have disappeared with the
denial by Justice Lamar of a review
by the United States Supreme Court.
Frank has been sentenced to death
for the murder of a girl in his facto
ry. The priniclpal witness against
him was the criminal, drunken negro
Janitor, who has made conflicting
statements which should discredit
him. Other evidence is purely cir
cumstantial. Frank was nominally convicted by
a Jury, but he was really convicted
by the horror of the whole popula
tion of Atlanta at the crime. The
people demanded punishment of the
murderer, and Frank was no sooner
accused than they convicted him.
They have refused to reconsider their
verdict, although the weakness of
the case against him has been ex
posed. The courts of Georgia have
refused a new trial, and the Federal
courts seem to lack Jurisdiction to
interfere.
The case has been exhaustively In
vestigated by a correspondent of the
Baltimore Sun, and that very con
servative Journal Intimates that the
whole City of Atlanta "should be In
dicted for folly and injustice, if not
for deliberate crime." The Sun says
a careful reading of its correspond
ent's articles "produces the feeling
that an indictment for hysteria, if for
nothing else, lies against the people
of Altanta" and that, "If his state
ment of fact be correct, Atlanta is
not only indicted but convicted of
homicidal lunacy." It closes its arti
cle by saying:
If Frank Is executed, he will, to all In
tents and purposes, have been lynched,
since, though convicted under the forms f
law. be was condemned on testimony that
would have Insured his acquittal In any
forum which vas not under the Influence
of temporary madness.
This community hysteria may be
an outgrowth of that habit of trying,
convicting and executing men by
public opinion which is called lynch
ing. A people who thus set aside
law when the craze seizes them are
also apt to twist the machinery of
Justice from its purpose and to com
pel it to do Injustice. Safety from
such evils lies in impartial, swift and
efficient administration of the crimi
nal law. Without this, lynch law by
mob murder or by dictation of public
clamor to the courta will take the
place of the duly established law.
DID UNITED STATES GUARANTEE?
Judge George Chandler Holt, for
merly of the United States District
Court for Southern New York, main
tains in the Independent that the
United States has Joined in the
guaranty of Belgium's neutrality. He
says that the country's neutrality was
guaranteed not only by the original
treaty among the European powers
but by the stipulations of the Hague
treaties defining the rights of
neutrals, to which the United States
Is a party. If this were true, this
country would be morally bound to
Join the allies In war against Ger
many until Belgium was cleared of
German troops and had been com
pensated, the alternative being re
pudiation of our obligations under
the treaty.
But if we are bound by The Hague
treaties to take up arms for the en
forcement of Its neutrality clauses,
we are equally bound to fight those
nations which have violated other
provisions. Every one of the bel
ligerent nations has been accused by
one or another of its enemies of vio
lating the rules of war laid down
at The Hague. Then, according to
Judge Holt's logic, we must make
war on both the contending groups
of powers. Merely to state the propo
sition Is to prove Its absurdity.
Fortunately our representatives at
The Hague conferences saved us from
such a dilemma by inserting in both
Hague treaties the following declara
tion: Nothing contained In this convention
shall be so construed as to require the
United States of America to depart from
Its traditional policy of not Intruding upon,
Interferlnr with or entangling itself In the
political questions or policy or Internal ad
ministration of any foreign state; nor shall
anything- contained In the said convention
te construed to imply a relinquishment by
the United Etates of Its traditional attitude
toward purely American questions.
While the United States Joined the
European nations In laying down the
rules which should govern war, we
did not undertake to enforce these
rules by force of arms. We parti
cularly disclaimed any intention to
Interfere between European powers
on their own continent. We did not
even pledge ourselves to enforce ob
servance of these rules in the Ameri
can hemisphere. If we had, we
should have been obliged to intervene
In Mexico and several other Ameri
can countries.
Ia fact. The Hague treaties are
nothing more than pious resolutions
in which all the signatories Joined.
Their flagrant violation In the present
war constitutes an example of the
worthlessness of all treaties unless
backed, up. bjr force superior to "that
of the actual or would-be ' violators,
and by the will to use that force. It
is quite probable that the present
war will be followed by a spasm of
international virtue which will pro
duce another Hague treaty. Unless
the powers bind themselves to compel
its observance by force and unless
they live up to that obligation, the
new treaty will be as worthless ..a
"scrap of paper" as have been the
two preceding treaties.
ATHLETES AS rJOLDIEIUi.
The fact that English hunt clubs
have supplied the army with 10,000
hard riders and 15,000 trained horses,
all fit for service, is regarded by the
New Tork Herald as evidence that
sport has value as a- military asset.
By the same reasoning the British
football heroes should have volun
teered and should prove good ma
terial for the army, and their ad
mirers, as devotees of sport, should
have rushed to enlist. Recent dis
patches indicate that the footballers
don't care whether their country
needs them, and that sport and
patriotism don't go together.
If the footballers had volunteered,
it is doubtful whether they would
have withstood the ordeal of war as
well as the ordinary citizen. Ex
perience goes to show that i trained
athlete is ' far less able to stand
prolonged hardship and exposure
than the average citizen. The athlete
is trained down fine for a brief,
strenuous effort, and his training and
his burst of exertion, followed by
relapse into a life of Indolence and
ease, seem- to take something out of
him which the man of good physique
and good habits, who takes reason
able exercise, does not lose.
The man who can run a hundred
yards in ten seconds, breaks down
under the endurance test of climb
ing a mountain. How would he last
through weeks of fighting in the
trenches, standing in mud and rain,
eating and drinking irregularly.
sleeping on wet ground? How would
his nerves ' wear amid the din of
artillery, amid the spectacle of men
killed and mangled all around him?
Men put to such tests find the ex
citement of actual combat a positive
relief, and there the athlete would
probably hold his own. But his con
stitution, weakened perhaps by over
training and certainly so by the alter
nation of training and loafing, would
not endure the long-continued hard
ships which fill in the Intervals be
tween fights. A husky plowman
would probably out last him.
There are perilous times ahead of
this .country. Signs, now point to the
return of the Republican party to
power in 1917. It Is hignly probable
that by that time the European war
will have ended and that hosts of Eu
rope's people, reduced to poverty and
burdened with new taxes to pay in
terest on a vast war debt, will come
to America. If the Republican party
should lean too far toward reaction
and should, by Its policy, disappoint
the legitimate expectations of these
people, they are likely to fall easy
prey to preachers of radicalism. It la.
therefore, greatly to be desired. In the
interest not only of the Republican
party, but of the whole Nation, that
that party should fall under the con
trol of broad-minded, sanely progres
sive statesmen who place the general
above the special interest. By joining
forces with the progressive element
of Republicans, the returning Pro
gressives can aid powerfuly in bring
ing about such control.
There must be something mislead
ing in the news from La Grande that
470 boys and girls under 13, whose
families could not afford the usual
Thanksgiving dinner, were the guests
of the manager of a hotel at a turkey
feast Thursday. There is no doubt
of the essence of the news the feast;
but La Grande Is not the kind of town
to have 470 boys and girls In families
too poor to buy turkeys.
Chancellor Lloyd-George seems to
have included all British investments
in the United States in his estimate of
5,000.000,000 a our debt to Great
Britain. All we have. to pay yearly
Is the interest on this sum. We can
pay the principle partly in trade, as
things go now, and when the war is
over the remainder is more likely to
be reinvested in this country than in
tax-ridden Europe.
Little the Kaiser would care for
trial by neutrals on the enemy's
charges. The armies of the trial court
would be obliged to whip him to sat
isfy Judgment and that does not seem
an easy job.
The Carabao "Club may abandon its
annual dinner, but the ship Piffle is in
no better repute than at the club's
last dinner. The war has proved its
name appropriate.
Von Hlndenburg says he "brought
to a standstill" the Russian advance,
which must have been "when the 50,000
surrendered, if you believe the reports
from Petrograd.
The Kaiser is said to have advised
General von Hlndenburg that "the
eyes of the world are upon you." Not
exactly original, but very true.
Honor Is to be bestowed upon the
man who flooded the Germane out on
the Tser. Why not make him a
Knjght of the Bath?
If the Russians and Germans have
each taken as many prisoners as they
say, they might as well exchange and
begin over again.
Caution seems to have been the
watchword at the first session 'of the
New York Stock Exchange after re
opening. With British and German squadrons
playing tag, the east coast of South
America may soon see a naval battle.
It Is a pity the aunts of Sayre, who
send the cradle, cannot call the turn
and put more realism In the affair.
As usual when beaten in war, the
Turks console themselves by massa
crelng Armenians.
. .
For obvious reasons, wholly Wil
sonlan, the "piffle" dinner will not be
served this year.
The peace centenary will be a Joke,
unless the committee makes a date
with Kitchener.
There is a cold Winter' ahead of
the city employe laid off today.
Punishment of crime must be a
novel task to Zapata.
far la is resuming iu "creations,'
.Twenty-Five Years Ago
From The Oregonian, November 28, 1889.
New York It is reported Jay Gould's
plan to change the Denver & Rio
Grande Railroad to a broad gauge
means that Gould proposes to reach
San Francisco in a few months by the
aid of the Missouri Pacific
Astoria Supplementary articles of
incorporation ware tiled Wednesday for
the Astoria Street Railway. Company
by J. W, Conn, F. W. Newell, F. H.
Stokes, M. Foard and W. A, Sherman.
The capital stock is placed at 1 2 00,000.
Jessie Spalding and John F. Plummer,
two of the Government directors of the
Union Pacific, arrived in Portland
Wednesday, accompanied by John B.
Mulholland, of the New York Tribune.
The Young Men's Institute No. 66, of
Portland, gave its second annual ball
at Masonic Hall Wednesday night. On
the reception committee were: W, D.
Cavannaugh, B. Tracey, O. Horn and N.
O'Hare. T. II. Cain was floor manager,
and he was assisted by C. W. Stenger,
J. J. O'Brien, Joseph Bates, T. F. Dona
hue, P. Fitxgerald. J. T, McEntee and
T. P. Gannon. .
B. S. Miller, the leading real estate
dealer of Port Townsend, has made
J. P. O. Lownsdale sV Co. bis agents In
Portland.
At an adjourned meeting of. the di
rectors of the Real Estate Exchange
yesterday the following were elected as
associate members: Walter F. Burrell.
R, Livingstone, agents American Mort
gage Company and Macmaater A Blr
rell, agents Dundee Mortgage Company.
W. R. Schuerer, agent for The Ore
gonian at Ft. Buttevllle, Or., with his
family will leave soon for San Fran
cisco for a vacation.
E. Shelley Morgan, for the last few
years with J. K. Gill & Co, will leave
soon for San Francisco to visit the
Schmidt Label & Lithographing- Com
pany's plant, after which he will re
turn to Portland and open an office.
The February class of '89 of the Port
land High School held the class day
exercises yesterday. The class is com
posed of Isabella Bottler, Georgie
Brasel, Lillie Spiegl, Henrietta M. Ab
bott, Media A, Conner, Myrtle Cart
wright, Henry Denllnger, Lulu J. Ed
monds, Leona Henderson, Mary M.
Laonard and Emily Straban. At the
close of the indoor exercises the class
marched to the south side of the build
ing, where a white birch tree was
planted.
The marriage of Miss Martha Mathilda
Giltner, the accomplished daughter of
Dr. Jacob S. Giltner, to Charles F.
Crowell, was solemnized yesterday at
the First Congregational Church.
NEGLECT OF IFECTED WOII.VDJ
Every Puncture Should Be Regarded
With Suspicion, Says Doctor.
PORTLAND, Nov. 2D. (To the Edi
tor.) Having Just had another exam
pie of the disastrous consequences at
tending the neglect of intected wounds
which are of such frequent occurrenuo
with the rnedical man, 1 am constrained
to write this letter with the hope
that It may be of benefit to some wh
may see it and that it may be in
strumental in saving some life, or, at
least, of mitigating a deal of suffer
ing. The case in point was that of a
little boy, a bright little fellow, 0
years of age and the light of a house-
bold, who had rubbed a small blister
on his heel, which was neglected until
blood-poisoning set in and his life paid
the forfeit. The blister was, appar
ently, a trifling affair and the par
ents paid no particular attention to
it for three days, when they sent "Tor
medical help and it developed that he
had a general systemic infection,
which, though he was removed to the
hospital and every effort made to ar
rest the process, had so saturated his
system that we were helpless to stop
its progress and the little boy died in
48 hours.
The pity is that the laity are not
better informed as to the necessity of
regarding every wound, no matter how
trifling it may appear to be, with sus
picion and especially a punctured
wound; the danger In a puncture
wound being that if infecting material
has been Introduced beneath the sur
face of the skin it is soon sealed In
and offers the most favorable condi
tion for the proliferation of pathogenic
germs, which takes place very rapidly,
and in an incredibly short time a con
dition of affairs is brought about that
it may be impossible to remedy, where
as if a thorough disinfection of the
wound had been mado immediately
there would have been no subsequent
trouble. This is so easy of accomplish
ment, if people only knew the how,
that every one ought to be possessed of
the knowledge; and means to do so.
There are many agents that may be
.used that are safe and efficient. Of
course these drugs are poisons and
should be cared for as such, but when
used externally in the strength herein
noted are perfectly safe, viz: carbolic
acid, one part to 20 of water; bl-chlo-rlde
of mercury, which can be had in a
convenient tablet form, each tablet
added to four ounces of water, making
a suitable solution, 1 to 1000. Another
antiseptic which is perhaps one of the
very best is straight tincture of Iodine.
If the wound is treated immediately
with any one of these agents there is
little to be feared, assuming, of course,
that no further chance for Infection is
had, the wound having been protected
with suitable dressings.
The reputation that peroxide has as
a germ destroyer among the laity is
very unfortunate, for it does not pos
sess germicidal power and it is pro
verbial that when one comes to the
doctor with a-wound, ten to one he
will say that he applied peroxide and
feels assured that 'It is all right.
It might be well to say that when
using carbolic acid, if it has been al
lowed to spread over too great a sur
face or has been too strong, its effect
may be Immediately arrested by ap
plying alcohol. A. W. B.
SHOOTING IX . ALTERNATE YEARS
Game Bird Lever Suggests Periods of
. Rest From Hunter for Pheasants.
INDEPENDENCE, Or., Nov. 28. (To
the Editor.) Having read several arti
cles in the past in regard to the pro
tection of our game birds, 1 wish to
make a few suggestions in behalf of
the Chinese pheasant. I live on a small
farm in the heart of the Willamette
Valley. I found three pheasant nests
last month on same, containing in all
46 eggs unhatched, and heard of many
such cases on the larger farms. Is It
not true the eggs were unfertilized for
want of more male blrdsT If the law
remains as It is, it will only be a few
years until there will be no pheasants.
Hence I suggest, shoot both male and
female, but shoot every other year;
lengthen the shooting season from Sep
tember 15 to November 15. This would
give the hunter the same amount of
shooting as under the present law, but
give the birds one year of rest and a
better chance to multiply.
Hunt the first 30 days without the
dog, as it is a well-known fact the
birds are very tame at the beginning
of the shooting season and fall an easy
prey to the hunter. By this time the
birds begin to be wild. 'Now use the
dog the remaining SO days. I suppose
this will arouse some criticism in re
gard to the dog, but I chance to be the
proud owner of a fine pointer and love
to see the dog do his noble duty as well
as any man, but I want to protect the
birds that the hunter and his faithful
dog may continue their sport.
. . J. T, BUNTLEX. I
NATIONAL ARMY FOR DEFBXSE
Mr. I untrum Insists It Leads to Wars
of Conquest.
ELLENSBURQ, Wash., Nov. 29. (To
the Editor.) I. was very much inter
ested in your able article on the need
of armament, .as peace guarantees. Tt
was the beat one I have ever seen on
the subject. However good it may
seem on paper, it is not practical and
Is not borne out by history. The na
tion that arms for defense, if it be a
growing nation and not decadent, does
not stop there. The new-found power
intoxicates, and dreama and visions of
conquest appear. Germany is a present
concrete example. She armed for de
fense at first, so as no longer to be the
battle-ground of Europe; but she soon
passed through that stsge.
It ia to be hoped that the United
States can skip the gun-carrying epoch.
If we proceed to Increase our arma
ment, we shall increase the suspicion
of Japan, and friction has not been
wanting. Besides, a new generation, to
paraphrase from Brann, has arisen,
which knows not the horrors of war.
only its glory. Then if we have the
weapons handy, look out! We see this
state In Japan, if the reports can be
relied upon. The younger generation,
anxious for a fight,- are endeavoring
to mix in a struggle, which is none of
theirs, because of the consciousness of
power engendered by their mighty
army.
Armaments may be excused in Con
ttnental Europe where no natural boun
darles occur; but for us to arm. pro
tected as we are by thousands of miles
or water, would either give the lm
presaion that we were following the
tasnion or preparing for future con
quest.
The United States has gained lm
menus vantage and prestige without
arms, so much so that all belligerents
are doing the utmost to win our sym
pathles. Let us not sully our fame by
martial preparations. For defense we
need no more protection than we have
No nation can hope to attack us suc
cessfully; and what is more, no nation
nas any motive to do so.
It is easy to say that, "If England had
Deen as well prepared on land as Ger
many, there would have been no war.'
But It proves nothing, merely assumes
mat England, armed, would have had
present England's peaceful attitude.
Who knows but that If England had
had a war engine like tha Kaiser's.
sne would nave had" Its domineering,
imugniy ana insulting ways? It is
folly and shows lack of comprehension
to believe you can have one without the
other.
Mr. Wilson Is criticised by The Ore'
gonian for his weak foreign policy
but Ben Franklin's words may be re
called, "There never was a good war
nor a bad peace." or in the homelior
phrase of a carpenter-contractor I once
Heard, "A poor settlement is a darn
sight better than a good law-suit."
To sum up: Europe is at war today
because of the "mailed fist" foreign
policy of Germany, engendered in the
minds of the people by the Ideas of in
vincible power, created by its great
army. NELS LUNSTRUM,
Our correspondent continues to Ig
nore the argument that militarism Is
almost invariably an accompaniment
of more or less despotic rule and Is for
elgn to -the spirit of democracy. That
spirit dictates that each people shall
choose its government, which is re
pugnant to the Idea of conquest. Abso
lutism holds to the theory that might
Is right and that people may be an
nexed by conquest. Thus It is that
a nation under a divine, right ruler
may progress from arming for de
fense to arming for conquest. No such
purpose can be ascribed to the United
States, to France, Switzerland or the
constitutional monarchies of Europe,
which are In every essential point
democracies.
One might as well eay that posses
sion of a revolver by a peaceable citl
zen for defense against burglars Im
plies a desire to shoot as maintain that
a democratic, peace-loving nation like
the United States would no sooner or
ganise an army adequate for defense
than it would conceive a lust for con
quest. When the vigilantes had killed
off the outlaws, they did not themselves
become outlaws. Neither would this
nation. If well armed, become an out
law nation.
RETIREMENT SHAMEFUL. PROCESS
England Would Now Be Justified In
Sending; Expedition to Mexico.
. PORTLAND, Nov. 27. (To the Edi
tor.)- I have read your remarks on the
evacuation of Vera Cms by General
Funston and the United States Army
and it seems to me that the whole
proceeding is one of the most shame
ful that our Government has pulled'
off in years. We proclaim to Europe
"You keep hands off the American
Continent; it's for us and the down
trodden and down-and-out of the rest
of the world," but we refuse to do
police duty, refuse to help these same
people to get to a better condition of
life, allowing the rapine, murder and
everything else that follows the wake
of the bands of guerillas who over
run Mexico to go unmolested, refusing
to restrain, or allow anyone else to
restrain, the bandits from killing off
everyone who may oppose and confis
eating any property that happens to
fall in their hands. Has it come to
the pass that we care nothing for
the well being of the Mexican people,
or that of any Americans who may
happen for any reason to sojourn in
that land? Are we no longer our
brother's keeper? Are we no longer
responsible for the state of anarchy
prevailing in the land lying to the
south of us?
We pay no heed to the questions of
England and France as to what we are
doing for good order and right condi
tions down there, but our great and
good President, with his Premier, are
very busy with more or less well
intentioned plans for further demor
alization of "big business" at a time
when we should bend every energy at
home to meet the great opportunity of
extending trade In a way that will
make it enduring after the war is over,
and extending to the very best of our
ability the blessings of peace and pros
perity under republican institutions to
those lands which have been less for
tunate than ours. In other words, we
should be big brothers to every peo
ple, especially on the American Conti
nent, so long as they have need of us,
in the fullest sense of the word. Our
duty toward Mexico will not be dis
charged until we have done for it what
we did for Cuba, The sooner we begin,
the sooner we may hope to see the
task finished, and stable government
established, where all may hope and
expect the same chance we are guaran
teed under our Constitution the pur
suit of happiness and prosperity with
out fear of bandits or usurpers and
butchers.
England would be fully Justified, in
my humble opinion, in sending an ex
peditionary force to Mexico and taking
possession of that country until pro
tection could be guaranteed her sub
jects there. I hope to see the day
when the power of the United States
will be exerted anywhere on the globe
for the protection of its citizens, as
that of Britain is, but our namby
pamby "watchful-waiting" policy will
never do it. Oh, for the voice of a
Matthew Henry, or some one who would
rouse our lethargic minds to action
and put us to the work that is' ours
until peace and plenty and quiet and
happiness shall dwell in Mexico.
L B. KJNJ7E.
tki iuwi i'eitz-aiMin utsj
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonian of November 29. 1S64.
Vancouver, Wash A small building
here adjoining the Orphan Asylum con
taining a number of insane children
burned down yesterday at. 3 o'clock in
the afternoon, two children, one 13 and
one 3 years old, being burned to death.
We have been without our regular
telegraph service for the last several
nights due to the prevalence of storms
on the southern extension of the line.
Two breaks were" repaired yesterday
between Corvallis and Eugene, but the
line was again down beyond the latter
place last night, but the line is now
opened to Roaeburg. The line was
opened to Seattle last night also.
Frank Hussey and his minstrel troupe
will open at the Eureka Theater (Denl
son's Opera-house) tonight. Among the
favorites of the company Is Miss Julia
Morgan, the danseuse.
Estes & Simpson have offered $100
for Information leading to the arrest
and conviction of the party or parties
who have been stealing from the com
pany's mill and boom.
Advertisements in today's issue In
clude that of Joseph Buchtel, for chief
engineer of Multnomah Engine Com
pany No. 2; W. H. Weed for assistant
engineer of Willamette Engine Com
pany No. 1; Thomas Johnston for as
sistant engineer of Columbian Engine
Company No. 3; Henry ti. Miller for
assistant engineer of Protection En
gine Company No. 4; the firemen's
choice for chief engineer for 1865; W. B.
Clark, of Columbian Engine Company
No. S, and A, M. Sharkey, independent
candidate for assistant engineer of Co
lumbian Engine Company Ho. 3.
John D. P. Biles, of the People's
Transportation Company, has Issued the
following notice: "Until further notice
all freight shipped for points above
Salem will be stored at C&nemah ware
house, at shippers' expense, until there
ia sudicieut water for boat to run to
places above."
LIBRARY DESERVES GENEROSITY
Lsrger Quarters Increases Scope of Its
Work and Influence.
PORTLAND, Nov. 29. (To the Edi
tor.) In The Oregonian November 6,
under "Needs tor Roads," it was
stated that 1.6 mills levy was asked
for surfacing the Columbia Highway.
At the end of the article it is recorded
that the request for the support of
the Library for the year of five-lonths
of 1 mill was turned down, as it was
In excess of the levies in the paet.
Five-tenths of 1 mill is such an ex
ceedingly small sum that It is hardly
visible, and has to be magnified so
that its smallnesa can be realize'!. A.
mill is one one-thousandth, of a dollar,
five-tenths, or. one-half, a mill is one
two-thousandth of a dollar, or one
dollar out of L'OOu.
Carlyle said, "The library is the true
university." For many it is the only
highway to any education. And yet
five-tenths one-half of a mill levy
is begrudged the Library.
The Library must be conducted on
business principles, but not on those
of present-day 'big-business," which
too often "saves at the spiggot and
wastes at the bungholc."
In its new quarters the Library is
doing a far larger work for the public
and the expense must necessarily be
larger. While the work is larger, the
staff In some directions has not been
appreciably Increased. During a recent
year three times as much work was
required of one department without
Increased aid, and In inadequate quar
ters, with the unavoidable result.
System must prevail, but "red-tape"
be abolished.
To conduct it on merely business
lines suggests the hack-writer" and
"penny-a-liner." To make the Library
a helpful civic Institution it should re
ceive generous financial support.
The Public Library is Literature and
not a bit of big business.
PRO BONO PUBLICO.
HOW LIBEL CHAIIOE ORIGINATED
Friend ( Mr. Hankies Reviews Events
That Led l'p to tSisserstlun,'
TILLAMOOK. Or., Nov. 28. (To the
Editor.) As a friend of Russell Haw
kins, who has been exonerated by the
Tillamook County grand Jury of the
charge of political criminal libel, per
mit me to say that he is a heavy tax
payer there and interested in the elec
tion of men to oflice who would be in
clined to conserve the linances and not
plunge the county Into debt beyond the
constitutional limit, as has been done
for years. There has not been so much
complaint to the payment of taxes as
there has been to the payment of debts
piled up on top of these taxes.
Mr. Hawkins Issued a circular to the
voters of Tillamook County a few days
prior to the election stating his prefer
ences for George R. McKiinens, an In
dependent candidate for County Com
missioner, against Commissioner F. L.
Sapplngton, who was a candidate for
re-election. The oflicial conduct of Mr.
Sapplngton was mildly criticiaed in this
letter, and Mr. Hawkins informed the
voters that he did not desire to have
him continued In ottlce. Mr. Sapplngton
was the regular Republican nominee
and the county Is overwhelmingly Re
publican. Mr. Sappington felt o con
fident of re-election that he went to
Portland to spend a week prior to the
election. Mr. Hawkins' expression of
opinion that Mr. Sappington was an
undesirable oflicial came like thunder
from a clear sky, as Mr. Hawkins, al
though a staunch Republican, has never
Interfered with county political affairs.
He has never taken an interest in the
politics of the county heretofore.
The letter had the effect of defeating
Mr. Sapplngton and electing Mr. ile
Kimena. Mr. Sapplngton filed an afll
davit against Mr. Hawkins, whose ex
oneration before the grand jury brought
to the attention of those gentlemen
many careless and wasteful practices
in the conduct of county affairs.
A FRIEND.
Chicken Feathers na Evidence.
Washington (D. C.) Star.
"I wouldn't o' had no trouble wif de
constable ner nobody," said Erastus
Plnkley, "If It hadn't been for woman's
love o" dress." "What has dress got
to do with It?" asked the jailer. "My
woman folks warn't satisfied to eat
de mos' of de chicken. Dey had to put
de feathers in deir hats an' parade 'em
as circumstantial evidence,"
Europe's Four Republics.
GOOSEBERRY, Or., Nov. 28. (To the
Editor.) In my geography it says
Switzerland is one of the four European
republics. Is there any other but
Switzerland, France and Portugal?
A. Jtt.ALJL:JK.
The tiny republic of Andorra IVsp-iS
the Pyrenees between Spain and France.
Here He Is Again
from tne pages or me aaverus- J
ing columns 1110 iLiuuiy 1 tit: u crc
Santa ClK.ua Is once more beaming
his message of good cheer.
The heart of youth and the heart
of love are beginning to pulsate to
the tune of Christmas.
It is not a bit too early to begin
shopping.
An easy method Is to plan your
campaign from the advertising col
umns of this paper, making out
lists in advance of your actual
visits to the store.
Then you know Just what you
want in advance and where you
want to go.
It save times, money and energy.