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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 24, 1914)
t 10 TTTE MORMXG OREGOXIAX, SATURDAY. OCTOBER 24. 1914. POKTLAJiU, OKEGOM. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflcs 8econd-clas matter. ' Subscription Bates Invariably In Advance: By Mali.) Daflv Rnnil&v lnflurtMl. nnm . .SS.0 Xally, Sunday Included, six montbl . . - - - a--3 Uaily, Sundajr Included, three months ... Xally. Sunday Included, one month -.-- 7J jjauy. without Sunday, one year . ... Xjally, without bunday, at months . laily, with oat 6unday, three monuu lally, without bunday, one month . . a.uo 1.74 v eeaiy one year Sunday, one year ............ eiunday and Weekly, one year J-60 s-su , I.IM By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday Included, one year .......-" ially, Sunday Included, one monut How te Kemlt- Send postoltlce money or der. expreH order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give poslolflce address In lull, including county and state, Postase Kates 12 to IS paces, 1 cent; 18 te ti pases, 2 cents; 'A to 4a pases, S cents; 60 to 00 pases, a cents; 02 to 76 pases, o cents; 78 to VI pases, o cents. Foreign post ace, double rates. Eastern Business Offices Verree Conk Jln. Mew iork. Brunswick bultdlns. Chi cago, btenser building. ban r raaclaro Office B. J. Bidwell Co., X42 Market street. rOKTLAM), SATTJBDAT, OCT, 24, . 1914. A BOOS TO CANADIAN INDBSTBY. The Underwood tariff has been a godsend to British Columbia lumber men. Industrial depression in West ern Canada had so materially reduced building operations that the home market was almost dead when the .Democratic party of the United States came to the rescue by presenting the American market to the British Co lumbians. It made lumber free and threw the doors open wide. The result is a vast increase In im ports of lumber and shingles from British Columbia to the United States during the first nine months under the Underwood tariff, as shown by a report of R. D. Mansfield, United States Consul-General at Vancouver, B. C. Mere are the figures as to shin gles, the tariff having been removed for the last three months of 1913: First nine months, 1913 63, 569.505 First nine months. 1U12 64,9U4,l47 JLast three months, 1913 9u,sy9,8'i5 Last three months, 1912 24.590,320 First tn months 1914 813,5(4,IM5 All 12 months, 1913 144..4ttU,37i) Last three months, 1913. and first six months. 11)14 404.48S.900 Lut three months. 1912, and first six months, 1913 78.159.825 Here are the figures as to lumber In feet: Last three months. 1913 1,703.534 last three months, 1912 . . 205,7-4 Increase unaer new tariff 1,497,810 Last three months of 1913 and first six months, 1914 12,030,799 Last three months of 1912 and first six months, 1913 1,861,100 Increase under new tariff 10,169.699 Total, year 1912 1,009.123 Total, year 1913 4.1S6.6O0 First six months, 1914 10.327.205 More than twice as many shingles were exported to the United States In the first six months of 1914 as dur ing the whole year 1913. In fact, practically the entire output of the British Columbia mills is now export ed to this country. The manufactur ers of that province are devoting their energy to extension of their ex port trade, the bulk of which is to the United States, and to that end have reduced wages. This was done the more easily because of the depression Incident to the war. Lumber exports to this country wer nearly ten times more In the first six months of 1914 than in the entire year 1912 and were two and" one-half times more than in the year 1918. . - , Not only is the trade going to Brit ish Columbia: American capital is fol lowing it. That province has sixty one shingle mills with a total of 313 machines, having an average daily capacity of 25,0.00 shingles, or a total daily capacity of 7,825,000. American capital is Interested in fifteen mills operating eighth-four machines with a daily capacity of 2,100,000 shingles. There are in the province forty-three lumber mills with a total daily capac ity of 2,826.000 feet. American capi tal is interested in six mills having a -daily capacity of 624,000 feet. We are importing lumber and shingles and we are exporting the capital with which to produce them. Oregon and Washington mills are closed or running on short time. That is the beneficent effect of the Under wood tariff. That is the emancipa tion which President Wilson has given American industry. AN EXAXF1JC FROM AUSTRALIA. One of the most instructive lessons the relative merits of a unicam eral and a bicameral Legislature is t be drawn from the experience and example of Australia. That great colony yields nothing to the United States in its devotion to popular rule and in its readiness to try new gov ernmental experiments. But it does nothing in haste. It combines delib eration with courage, and adopted the Commonwealth constitution only after ten years of preparatory work. The separate Australian colonies prior to and since federation have had a stormy time with their upper chambers. In some the upper cham bers were appointed for life, but in the majority they were elective. In some instances a property qualifica tion for voters and members pre vailed. Deadlocks between the two houses were frequent, and the more representative the upper house was the tighter became the deadlock. But the individual colonies did not in dis gust abolish the upper house; they devised means of breaking deadlocks la harmony with public opinion. Queensland, which has an upper house appointed for life by the Gov ernor on nomination by the Cabinet, provided a referendum, allowing the people to overrule the upper house. South Australia provided that, when a bill has twice passed the Assembly and has been twice rejected by the Council; the Governor may either dis solve both houses or may, by election. call not over nine additional members to the second chamber. West Aus tralia limits the power of its upper house by allowing the return of a bill to the Assembly for amendment, but denying power to reject it. After several serious deadlocks Victoria adopted a provision for the dissolu tion of the Council and for the elec tion of a new Council in such cases. Marriott in his book, "Second Chambers," says Australia has found that the most effective means of bringing about harmony between the two houses is to have a nominated tipper house, with power in the Gov ernor to appoint additional members. as such a chamber could be coerced to yield to the popular will. An elec tlve upper house could plausibly maintain that it more truly reflected public opinion than the lower house, and would therefore be more di posed to hold out In a conflict. It would, therefore, be stronger and more productive of deadlocks, which could only be ended by a new elec tion, with all its expense and turmoil. On this point Marriott observes: Is rlew et the constitutional disputes de tailed sbova H is the more remarkable that Xa the Ions discussions which preceded the consummation of the Federal Commonwealth no proposal for the erection of a unicameral Legislature ever obtained any serious or in fluential support. It Is under the circum stances unmistakably significant that they should -have deliberately resolved to create a second chamber which is in some respects the most powerful in the British dominions. When Australia finds friction in its legislative machinery, - it does not abolish a part; it carefully removes and guards against friction. Unlike our rough-and-ready Oregon lawgiv ers, who would smash any machine which "does not work to . suit them, Australia is "wisely progressive in eliminating the evil without destroy ing the good. SINDICATED BOSSES. The direct primary is not iti dan ger, except from its false friends and self-appointed champions, who contin ue to regard it as their private asset. Not the assembly, nor the reaction aries, nor the open foes of the pri mary have done so much to break it down as the little selfish group of professional politicians who seek to use it for their own ends. Howling against the assembly, they hold a private assembly of their own, and nominate C. J. Smith for Gover nor. It was a directed primary, a coerced primary, that nominated Dr. Smith. The assembly in its palmiest days never dared attempt so bold a proceeding not even the pleasant little Democratic family assembly of 1906 that nominated George E. Cham berlain for Governor. There is no honesty in the pretend ed alarm about the direct primary. It is just the old cry of wolf after the monster has fled. The old bosses are dead; but the syndicated bosses Chamberlain, West, Smith are very much alive. OIK AKTIIL DODGES. To a bystander not wholly disinter ested, it would seem that the chal lenge of Colonel Wood to debate with Senator Chamberlain the Issues of the campaign ought to meet a ready and grateful response. Senator Chamber lain refuses to "deal with third-hand representatives," but he wants some principal to "meet him face to face." Ah, yes. Colonel Wood says he will debate trie Chamberlain pub lic record with the Senator, or Mr. Hanley the shrinking Progressive sun-flower of the present campaign will undertake the task. Our George may take his choice. They will submit beforehand a list of topics, and they will agree to open up no private matters of the Sena tor's, though they agree to let the bars down as to the records, public or private, of either Wood or Hanley. Mr. Booth and Governor West have set the fashion in joint debates for the present campaign. They vastly Interest the public. It is a good way to get what one has to say before the public. It is a great chance for George. But of course if there are many things about which one has nothing to say, it is well enough to avoid the rocks of a joint discussion. Our George, like the little boy caught in the pantry, has nothing to say. WHILE THEY STICK TO DUTY. Representative Hawley and Repre sentative Sinnott remain at Washing ton, disregarding wholly the cam paign at home, and devoting them selves entirely to the public service. Only Lafferty deserts, though his record for absenteeism was already without ' a parallel among Oregon Congressmen. Senator Chamberlain, too, gets in a panic about the situation and hurries home. There could or would be no special criticism of the Senator's ac tion, except for the. previous Cham berlain asseveration that he would remain in his seat whatever happened In Oregon. He would serve his coun try at any cost to himself. But he changed his mind. Mr. Hanley has stuck to his duty. despite the widespread dissemination of gross and impudent misrepresenta tions in his district as to his record. His constituency ought to resent the contemptible methods of the mean campaign made against him. We think it will. Representative Sinnott has made good at Washington. He is a hard worker and a good one. In his dis trict, pettiness and malignity charac terize an underhanded effort to de feat him. It ought to fail. Doubtless it will. But it will not, if the loyal Sinnott constituency is not thorough ly aroused. CUTTING BOTH WAYS. There is now a war tax, with no war. It is not a war tax. it is a pork-barrel tax, a deficiency tax a deficiency created by Democratic waste, mismanagement, extravagance. The revenue tariff has failed, they say, because the war cut off imports. But the war had nothing to do with the fact that a Democratic Congress, in gross and deliberate violation of its pledges, and in open disregard of the condition of the country, rolled up appropriations in excess of $1,100,- 000,000 or $100,000,000 more than the last previous Republican Congress. There is no tariff on wool or lumber or eggs or meat or others of the great products of the West. Yet the im portations from abroad are larger than ever. Thus it is obvious that the Demo cratic tariff has cut both- ways. First, it has opened up the Amer ican market to the foreign producer. Second, it has yielded no revenue. on agricultural products, and not brought in enough revenue . from others. Would a war tax have been neces sary even with Democratic extrava gance and incompetence if there had been a tariff on wool, on meats, on lumber and the rest? AN OLD STORY RETOLD. Persons interested in - celestial af fairs will enjoy reading Anatole France's new novel, "The Revolt of the Angels." The author takes up the old story of the "war in heaven. which Milton and others have treated, and recasts it in an extremely modern form. Aa Milton related the story of his famous war, it was incited by Satan, who, by his insidious argu ments and sinister plots, ' drew atter him the third of Heaven's sons con jured against the Highest." After three days' hard fighting, which al most exhausted the resources of the legitimate sovereign, the rebels were at last expelled by a resort to thunder. The Almighty himself went to the front in his chariot, under whose "burning wheels the steadfast empy rean shook throughout, all but the throne itself of God." The thunder was fired from a gun whose mechan ism would have excited the wonder, and perhaps the envy, of the Krupp and It worked to admiration. Satan and hi hosts, cast out from the up per world, fell for nine days to the place prepared for them, where their! fate as prisoners of war would have I but nobody seems to have sympathized with them a great deal. Anatole France relates the story of the war from the Satanic standpoint. His sympathies are all with the van quished. He differs from Milton again in ascribing to the angels al most human intelligence. As all readers know, the Miltonic conception of an angel is an obedienx military machine ithout any -mind of its own. The seraph Abdiel is especially rehabilitated by Anatole France. In Milton's account he is the one angel among the cohorts of Satan's satrapy who remained faithful to the Al mighty. "Among the faithless faith ful only he," and when the conspiracy had developed he flew all night through the celestial atmosphere to carry the news to the capital. Wire less telegraphy had not been invented in those times and the oijly flying machines were the angels themselves. Anatqle France makes Abdiel quite a literary character. He has access to a good scientific library and be comes a diligent student with results which contribute wonderfully to the interest of the book. FOR SHEBTFT. Thomas M. Hurlburt was nominat ed for Sheriff of Multnomah County by a large vote. He was the clear choice of many thousand men and women for the responsible and im portant position of chief county peace officer. These thousands of citizens knew Mr. Hurlburt personally or by reputation. It is a fact that all who know him trust him and that all oth ers who know the Hurlburt name re ceive it as a synonym of sturdy char acter, right conduct and real effi ciency. Mr. Hurlburt believes in law and order, and as a Sheriff he would en force it. He has no erratic notions about personal or official duty; but with him the instrumentalities of law would always be safely employed. He could not be swerved from enforcing the law by any personal consideration whatsoever; nor would he use the law as a means for any private end. He, and no other, would be trie Sheriff. The Oregonian commends Mr. Hurlburt to the public because he Is a safe man and a good man. In the present political situation it seems well also to call attention of all Re publicans to the fact that he is the Republican nominee, opposed by a Democratic nominee, a Socialist nom inee and a Prohibition nominee. Thomas M. Hurlbur' for Sheriff, and C. M. Hurlburt. for the Legisla ture, should not be confused. THE TWILIGHT SLEEP, Medical opinion is swinging favor ably to the "twilight sleep." Dr. Knipe, a great New York pundit, has been to Freiburg, the home of the process, and comes back with an en couraging report. His testimony is all the more weighty since he went there a skeptic. Like Goldsmith's rus tics, he went to scoff but "remained to pray," or at least to believe. We explained the twilight sleep a few weeks ago. It is a state of semi- unconsciousness in which the pains of childbirth are greatly diminished. or perhaps assuaged altogether. It is brought on by administering certain drugs hypodermically. The most im portant of the drugs is scopalamine. With it goes a preparation of mor phine. The injections must be ad ministered in a hospital under the most benign conditions in order to obtain good results. Perfect quiet is required and darkness helps the case. The nursing must be unexceptionally competent because danger impends at every moment. With these provisos Dr. Knipe assures the public that the twilight sleep is a pronounced suc cess. Under its influence childbirth is almost painless and reasonably free from peril to mother or babe either. The comments upon the new treat ment are in some instances amusing. Harper's Weekly fears editorially that the escape of women from the ap pointed pangs of childbearing may diminish their heroism." When the old-fashioned anesthesia was first used people feared that it would draw down the wrath of the Almighty. He had decreed that "women should bring forth in agony and any attempt to mitigate their suffering was plain ly contrary to the divine will. The human mind is a queer .piece of apparatus, judging by its products. We suppose opinions like that of Harper's Weekly must emanate from some sort of a mind, little as there is in them to suggest intelligence. It is scarcely likely that women will lack experiences to nourish their "hero ism" even if they are relieved from pome of the danger and suffering of childbearing. WATER ORDINANCE A FRAUD. The Daly water ordinance, on which the people are to vote next Tuesday, should be defeated. It is inequitable in Tequiring owners of rented property to pay for water used by their tenants and to take their chance of being able to collect from the tenants. It is misleading in the fact that it provides: "No greater minimum than 50 cents per month shall be charged," when 50 cents is already the minimum, both for con sumers who pay the flat rate and those who pay meter rates. In practice, the number of consum ers who pay the minimum flat rate is so small as to be of no consequence Almost every dwelling has a sink, e bath and a toilet, for which the flat rate is 75 cents. The impression there fore prevails that 75 cents Is the minimum flat rate. The ordinance misleads many persons who pay this rate into the belief that, if the ordi nance, "is adopted, they will secure a reduction to 50 cents. The fact is theyywill secure no reduction what ever. . The quarterly payment system has already been submitted to the con sumers and rejected. In its defense it -has been urged that a great saving will thereby be effected in operating expenses, through the Teduction in clerical work, stationery, postage and commission on collections. An equal saving can as easily ibe made by aban doning the billing system for fiat-rate consumers, which was adopted two years ago? and by permitting bills to be paid at the water office or its branches. Every consumer at the flat rate knows how much he must pay monthly. He knows that he must pay on or before the tenth day of the month on penalty of having the water cut off. The sending of a bill to tell him what he already knows is waste of money. "In fact, the billing system makes collections slower, for the con sumer now waits until he receives his bill, and the ratio of delinquency has increased. The attempt to make water rates a charge e gainst the property is a de- vice to get around the adverse vote of consumers. The latterwere unwilling to pay a quarter's rent in advance, for to many.it is much easier to pay 75 cents a month than to, pay $2.25 every three months. A tenant may also move before the close of a quarter for which he has paid and may lose part of the sum to his credit Mr. Daly has heretofore attempt ed' to overcome the objection to his - scheme entertained by the voter who lives in rented prop erty. He did so by proposing - to compel the owner to pay for the water used by the tenant at the end instead ' of the beginning of each quarter. He would require the owner to collect the money for the city at his own risk. Everybody knows that in these times difficulty would arise between landlord and tenant about this payment. An in tending tenant would haggle over the odd 75 cents and in many cases the owner would suffer the loss of this amount rather than let his house re main vacant. Even if the . tenant agrees to pay the water rent, he may.hardv anrt ' thalr uduou. move before the quarter ends and leave the owner in the lurch. The large number of persons who own their homes would derive no benefit. This ordinance is a subterfuge, the aim being to foist upon the city Mr. Daly's pet meter scheme. It has been abundantly proved that the cost of metering every house would far ex ceed any saving that would result fronr" the quarterly payment system. Mr. Daly pretends that meters are necessary to prevent waste, though water is running to waste from the reservoirs. The shortage In some lo calities during the. Summer can be remedied by laying larger mains, for it is due less to insufficient supply of water than to the fact that present mains in those localities are too small to carry all the water that is needed and that is available. These mains could be, enlarged at a cost less than that of universal meters. One of the best advertisements Portland has its abundant supply of pure water. Only those who have lived in Eastern cities, which have a limited supply of Impure water, know how valuable is this advertisement. Mr. I3-1 proposes to advertise sk shortage of water by installing me ters at great cost. The water ordinance la a fraud. Its real purpose and effect do not appear on its face. It has an ulterior purpose which is unjust and uneconomical and which has already been condemned by the public. It should be rejected. The by-products association to be formed at Spokane should play a great part in our economic progress. It is the waste of by-products that keeps many fanners poor and raises the price of provisions to the con sumer. The association will introduce a reign of thrift and economy. Although the Standard Oil Com pany has been dissolved and is now nothing but a phantom memory, it re tains vitality enough to protest when its ships are seized. It would be cu rious indeed if a non-existent mo nopoly should draw the United States into trouble with England. The University of Washington has one student 53 years old and is proud of her. There ought to be dozens of mature men and women at our uni versities. Persons of means and lei sure who wish to improve themselves pleasantly can find no better way. Petrograd reports that the whole German army has been broken and driven in disorder from in front of Warsaw with the Russian cavalry in hot pursuit. That is about the eleventh time Petrograd has had the German army routed. Is it possible that the shortage of men in the American Navy is due to the superior attractions to the adven turous American salt of service in a European navy with prospect of fighting and prize money? The battle with bank robbers on the border makes more thrilling read ing than a battle in Europe where 2,000,000 men are engaged, for no press censor had a chance to take the ginger out of the story. One of the aggravations of the man who takes his family, on a ride into the country on Sunday is the change of schedules that always occurs on that day. The Chinese are abandoning Hong- Kong in terror of the Japanese. There's'a fine example of anti-mili tarism and unpreparedness in a nation. 1 Helpless before threatened viola tions of her neutrality, it must be ad mitted that China is at least one de gree worse off than we in ability to repel invasion. It's all over now but the shouting and the shouting will be done No vember 4 by the Republicans follow ing the count. Sugar has been dropping but flour is going up. It doesn't matter just so long as we are not permitted to lay by a few pennies. In seeking a quorum the United States Senate finds only a ragged hole where the Chamberlain post of duty lately stood. If we-could believe all the London reports, Germany would be in much the same fix as Belgium at this time. Arrest for keeping an unlicenced dog is regarded as a joke by friends of the "criminal." The "monogram" apple is about the classiest fruit .grown in Oregon this year. After November 3 the dawn of more prosperous era will be at hand. The watchful British navy appears to have overlo&ked the Karlsruhe. If Germany "owns" Belgium, should feed the starving people. she It's certainly going to be aRepub lican year in Oregon. ' The Southern states are again hold ing up the Nation. .Weather folk are working with the "flying squadron." What's more, we'll have a lot of this weather yet. Europe wants the best, Oregon flour. so buys The Karlsruhe is the Alabama of this war. . .. Half a Century Ago. From The Oregonian. October 23, IS 04. The three Bush brothers have each been indicted in the United States Dis trict Court in Vancouver. Judge Wyche presiding, for the murder of E. Sulli van. Sheriff of Skamania County, W. T. George H. Porter was remanded to Walla Walla to serve his 16 years at hard labor. Court is still in session and the trial of the Bush brothers is likely to come off at the present terra. The bark Jane A Falkinburg, Cap tain James Frost, sailed for Spring ville yesterday and will finish her car go there for San Francisco. She car ries 240 tons of assorted produce from this market for California. Washington, Oct. 21. President Lin coln has issued a proclamation setting aside the last Thursday in November as a day of thanksgiving and praise to Almighty God. Messrs. Wakefield and Wasserman, our representatives, have returned duties of the past six weeks. The meeting of the subscribers to the fund for clearing out the Willamette -River adjourned last evening alter au tnonzing the committee to nave tneir report published. New Orleans. Oct. 16. The Alliance brings intelligence that Cortinas has surrendered his whole army to Gen eral Mejia, who holds command under Maximilian. Cortinas accepted a com mission in the army of the Emperor as Brigadier-General. Maria, the 5-year-old daughter of Mr. and Mrs. P. J. McGowan, died last Saturday. Rev. Thomas H. Pearne will address the citizens of Oregon in favor of Lin coln and Johnson during the next few weeks, preaching on Sundays at the towns where he is staying. General Chism has been appointed postmaster at Gardiner, in Douglas County. A new office has been estab lished -at Newellville. in Marion County. FINAL STAND OP OLD MACHINE Used West-Chanberlsls Combine. Portland, Oct. 23. (To the" Edi tor.) In a few days we will express our political sentiments by ballot at the polls and 1 wish to make an ap peal to all Republican voters to stand by their party and vote a straight ticket. The campaign is waging hot. accusa tions are being hurled by insinuations and lnuendoes by the Democratic dem agogue in a last desperate effort to keep the old machine together.- No open charges are being made, because there are none to be made. We know Booth, we know Chamberlain, we know Withycombe, we know Smith, we know the Democratic party and w know the Republican party and the principles for which it stands. We are in the throes of a Democratic Administration, we are suffering a business depression which will con tinue to grow worse if we send Demo crats back to Washington. We must break up the Cnamberlain- West machine and prevent the addition of Smith to that machine, which has been ' systematically . built up and packed" with' Chamberlain and West men. We Republicans of Oregon have been aiding and abetting the building up of that machine by casting our votes for Democrats, but we will do it no more. We will scatter the Chamberlain Wcst cohorts and take a &tep toward putting the affairs of the state in prosperous condition and lower taxes that have been raised through this ex travagant administration. We will send Republicans back to Washington to put a brake upon this wholesale legislation in Congress, and tnus add our help for a Republican Ad ministration in 1916, which will come as sure as the Democratic party is in Washington now legislating itself out of power. . RALPH W. F ARRIS. Way to Grow Kali Strawberries SOUTH BEND. Wash, Oct 23. (To the Editor.) A farmer who had a ball acre in strawberries discovered by acci dent an Interesting and profitable way to raise strawberries for the Fall mar ket During the bearing months. May and June, the farmer was busy with other work and left the picking of the fruit to other members of his family, who merely picked the berries but did not pull the runners nor the weeds. At the end of June the half acre presented a tangled mass of strawberry plants of all sizes, runners and weeds. The farmer felt discouraged, for to weed a half acre seemed a herculean task. His one idea was to clear the rows, so he took a sickle and mowed the plants down close to the ground. then hoed out the runners and weeds between the rows and cultivated them well. In July and August the plants grew up again and bloomed. Berries ap peared in September, and a good yield continued - through October. . Two or three days each week the farmer- and his wife have picked at least ten quarts of ripe, luscious Marshall straw berries a day, for which they received 25 rents a quart. The experiment is unique and would be worth trying to the home gardener as well as the larger growers. MRS. J. EDWARD BUCKINGHAM. First Degree Mardrr Without Penalty, MEDFORD, Or., Oct. 22. (To the Editor.) If the proposed amendment abolishing capital punishment carries at the next election, will not the crime of murder in the first degree be left without a penalty? In case the amendment carries, what authority will a court have for impoa ing any penalty whatever upon a con viction of murder In the nrst degree? F. M. CALKINS. It is conceded by lawyers generally that adoption of the amendment will leave the crime of murder in the first degree without a penalty. It is sug gested, however, that if murder be com mitted before the Legislature passes a law fixing the penalty that escape from justice can be prevented by indicting for murder in the second degree, the penalty of which is life imprisonment. This plan, however, cannot be applied to men already under conviction for murder in tba first degree whose sen fences have not been commuted. There are two such, and if their status re mains as at present until after election and the amendment carries they will be freed. Error In Sinker, ' ROGUE RIVER, Or.. Oct. 20. (To the Editor.) In reading the recommenda tions on the editorial page in The Ore gonian I noticed in "eight-hour day for female workers. 322 yes, 323 no." It says "Vote 325 no." Is not this an error? Should it not read, "Vote 323 no"? ' a JO KESTBH. It was a typographical error. The recommendation should have been "Vote 323 no." , October 31. PORTLAND, Oct. 23. (To the Editor.) Please tell me the date of Halloween. as there has been some controversy in our household regarding it.. I want to know the evening commonly celebrated as Halloween. A SUBSCRIBER. SEVEN QIESTIO.VS ARE AXSTCERED Mr. Mo.lk.ey Tells of Xorenal School Re sults la Reply to Mr. Hodson. PORTLAND, Oct. 83. (To the Edi tor.) C. V. Hodson in a letter to The Oregonian asks advocates of the Weston and Ashiand normal schools to answer seven questions deemed per tinent to the issue of re-establishing these schools. Some of these questions I xwish to answer, leaving, others to persons with the records at hand. 1. What percentage of students attendtns these normal schools are residents o other states? t Answer: Less than one per cent, and these thereafter lived and wrought in Oregon. 2. W'.iat percentage of these students were residents of the county in which the schools were located? Answer: About twenty per cent. But even these were worth the effort, for they, too, were Oregonlans. 3. What percentage of the students at tending; were residents of the city In which the school was located? Answer: About twelve per cent But even these were worth while, for they were Oregonlans and afterwards dis persed and taught (most of them) throughout the state. 4. What percentage of those attendins graduated? Answer: About twenty-five per cent. But no school's usefulness is to be measured by its graduate output. Every day in the schools bears its pro portion of benefits. 5. What proportion of graduates secured license to teach ? Answer: Ninety-five per cent. Many more who did not graduate taught also. S. What nercentase of eraduates followed teaching a jear or two temporarily while fitting themselves for some other profes sion : Answer: Have not the data at hand but as I write I recall fifty-four gradu ates and only five of these used teach ing as a stepping stone merely. 7. What percentage of those securing licenses to teach followed the profession per manently ? Answer: At least 60 per cent of the men graduating followed teaching per manently and most others for ten years or more. Ninety per cent of the women graduating taught until called by death or marriage, and the normal school with all its alleged weaknesses would not curtail marriage and could not thwart death. More accurate answers to Mr. Hod son s questions I hear will follow from the records. Such answers are here sriven come from some y experience with the Ashland Normal School and are substantially correct. Jiow Mr. Hodson would know whether these normal schools are lo cal high schools. That phase of the question should be put to rest- Ash land has a- ?75,000 high school built by local taxation. The management of this normal school was often grieved because the City of Ashland supported its high school almopt to trfe exclusion of the normal school. Medford. Ashland, Grants Pass, Marsh fieLd. Klamath Falls, Lakevlew all have good high schools. Eighty per cent of the annlicanta ror teachers certificates last year in southern Oregon had no nreoaration beyond the eighth grade of the Dublic schools. While our cities do not want anotner nign school in Southern Ore gon maintained by the state, they do want better teachers for the city and country schools. fc.very question Mr. Hodson ak might be hurled against every normal scnooi in every state of the rninn But every state saVe three has arger normal school eauinment than Oregon even after she elects Ashland aim weston. The normal school at Ashland will stop the tide of students now going to the California normal srhr,ni (where they stay), as it has done through 14 years Of honorahlo atwl useful history, and the plant stands rey to open tomorrow. B. F. MULKEY vrtt,KJS POOR WO MAX" GOT AID Appeal to Mayor Answered With Loan and Hospitality. .PORTLAND. Oct. 23. (To the Edi tor.) Some months ago I was unfor tunately or possibly very fortunate all according to the angle from which you view it to find myself up against a stone wail, riat broke, without thi money to vault over to safety and ow mg a two weeks' board- bilL I had written home to my mother for money to tide me over to a time when I would gel deck on my feet again. For six weeks Drior to that tlm T had gone without my lunch at noon and for the last few had first rode down town and walked back at night to save carfare. Finally I walked both ways and went without my lunch. One morning. May 7, I found I was unable to rise and I stayed in bed all that dav and the day after and on the 9th, which was Saturday, 1 got up and dressed and went down to the real estate office in me Lnamoer of Commerce, where worked, to see if the letter from home nad arrived. If they had replied i mediately it could have erot there hv Saturday, but it was not there. On my return home I found mv room locitea ana was informed by the land lady that it would not be opened until I paid up. I told her I could not get it until Monday: that it certainlv be there by that time. She started to push me out of the front door. I shook her off and we argued some more and finally she started to push me out again. About that time I was just awfully mad at the indignity of it all and I put my hand against her chest and backed her into a chair. She screamed and her daughter bounced on my shoulder. I shoved her down into another chair and they both set up a series of screams which brought the boy who was work ing his way through college and who was doing kitchen work for his board, and he pounced on me from the back. Weil, somehow I got hold of his coat cellar and I shook him off his feet. The landlady told the little girl to call up the police and tell them to send the patrol: that a woman had lost her mind: which she did. Then she and the boy-in the kitchen both grabbed hold of me and I took a good hold of each and I shook the both at once as hard as I could. Finally I let go and backed up in a corner wlth.the remark that I would annihilate the next person who touched roe. Then I set to thinking,' "This is a great finish for me to have to go to jail in a patrol wagon." and I began to wonder who I could ask for aid and I thought immediately of some one I was sure would help a woman in dis tress. I asked if I could use the phone and'I called up Mayor H. R. Albee and told him my name and where I was and said I was in great trouble and asked him If he would" come right out, and he said he would. The Mayor. Mrs. Albee and her mother, Mrs. Lewis, ar rived on the scene as soon as it was possible to reach there. A very courte ous policeman had arrived and he sat down to await the Mayor's arrival. To cut out details: The Mayor and Mrs. Albee took both my 8-year-old troy and myself out to their dear, sweet home and we were there for several weeks., until I got my health back, and Mrs. Albee even asked me to accept the loan of a considerable sum of money from them, which I did I am in a position to know that no sweeter home than the Albee home ever ex isted. Mrs. Albee is devoted to her husband and he is to her, and two bet ter people never lived. It Just in censes me to think of a recall for auch a man, and all because some man wants a job. No one man can restore order and good times when the real cause of all these hard times is just because everybody is scared to death. Just as soon as we all think "good times" we will have good times. See that you don't forget to protect this absolutely good man. MRS. EUNICE EVANS. 1237 Detroit Street. Twenty-Five Year Ago From The Oregonian. October SI. ISSt. The Canada cable is to be laid in a few weeks, according to the announce ment out of Ottawa. Washington Senator Dolph of Ore gon, intends to reintroduce his coast defense bill. Senator Dolph said he thought he would be able to get some protective legislation for the Pacific Coast soon. Spokane Falls. William B. McDou- galL- a well-known journalist of the Northwest died at Sacred Heart Hos pital yesterday. He was the son of former Governor McDougall of Man itoba. Residents of Portland have subscribed 3780 toward a fund for the capture of .tlbbs, who shot ad killed young Mc- Devitt G. B. Hegardt. who is in charge of the Government work at Fort Stevens, is in the city. The funeral of Gerald Robertson, a prominent insurance man. who met an untimely, death in a runawav acci dent, will be held today. Otto Dekum is carrying his arm In a sling again. For the fourth time this year he broke one of his arme yester day in a tail rrom a stepladder. Eugene Protzman beat the auto matic Ajeeb at checkers the other eve ning and now Eugene's friends are after him to tackle the thing again. M. C. George, president of the Nation al Republican League of Oregon. Colonel Harrington and others will ad dress the James G. Blaine Club to morrow evening. W. E. Mulholland. under the super vision of W. S. Chapman, superinten rent of streets, has completed a new map of Portland. The map includes all the new real estate additions, wharves, river improvements, railroad terminal grounds and is otherwise ex haustive. Mr. Mulholland has been working on the map whenever his timo would permit for more than a year. C. E. Rosevelt. superintendent of the city water works at Pendleton and observer for the signal service, is in the city. A Tacoma shipper, commenting on the competition between Portland and Tacoma, said the other day: "Portland Is dying hard. She doesn't want Ta coma to run away with all her grain trade." The shipper, however, added he couldn't understand why Portland was able to hang on and admitted that from the Tacoma standpoint, "Something more had to be done." BEWILDERING WAR NEWS. O, the war news in the papers in these blood-bespattered days Tangles up the brains of readers in a quite bewildered maze: First the story .of a winning in the sanguinary game. Then a positive, emphatic contradic tion of the same. We are told the sturdy Germans on the fields of Northern France With intrepid heroism yet continue to advance. That the allied troops repulse them. drive them back in sore dismay. Adding laurels to their victories on the red fields every day. Comes tho news the bear of Russia with the bayonetted paws Chases back its Austrian hunters filled with terror of its claws. That the troops of Francis Joseph prove an adamantine bar To the sanguine "On to Berlin"' aspira- tions of the Czar. Thus thev battle news zigzags before the puzzled reader's eyes. Then the actual situation he endeavors to surmise Till the thoughts become confused in his conjectural machine And the bugs seem mobilizing in his sore bewildered bean. We are told that at General is entrenched. That on the from the allies has been wrenched. The are advancing on the right. And the troops of are in terror- stricken flight. Must be just as brain-entangling to the editors a to All the war-excited readers of the daily papers who In the search for information through star-studded columns grope Since the censors got to gutting the war correspondents' dope. j James Barton Adams. Vancouver. Wash. Tomorrow's features : War Features and Photos The greatest military struggle in history continues to be the center of interest. In special articles, in action photos and in war news The Oregonian will present an nn eqnaled service tomorrow. SPECIAL FEATURES INCLUDE War's Psychology Origin and love of conflict are gone into by an authority who lays bare the hu man animal's lust of battle. Defense Invites Attack A tech nical article on warfare written in a popular vein and most illuminat ing of modern battle methods. The righting Japanese An il lustrated page on the organization, traditions and fighting qualities of the Japanese. Another Color Map Are you saving the color maps in The Ore gonian t Is so. you are able to follow every battle and troop movement, uo matter bow obscure the point may be geographically. The third in the series of colored maps shows the frontier lines along Belgium, Germany and France and takes in the territory of latest im portant operations in the north. Canine Heroes A page on he roic acts performed by dogs, which leads to the suggestion of a legion of honor for canine heroes. Famous Sieges In this series an illustrated article on the siege of Jerusalem is presented. In the Divorce Mill An illus trated page feature of local inter est. Free Music Lessons The third lesson in The Ortgonian's series of 12. Are you playing these simple and easily-mastered chords f Jnst Me A unique decoration for the children, together with a full page of other illustrated fea tures for the little ones. An Immense Volume of Other Features. Order today of your newsdealer.