13
THEMOKMXG OKEGONIAJf, FRIDAY. OCTOBER 23, 1914.
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PUBTIM), FRIDAY, OCTOBER S3, 1914.
i MONEY UWVIiJf IT JfiptNO,
i The House tried to take the
tthackles off the postal savings banks,
but the Senate refused its consent
and the House has meekly yielded.
The Senate has made two conces
sions. One is to raise the limit of a
single account from $500 to $1000,
but no interest Is to be paid on the
additional $500; the other is to lift
the restriction of an individual's de
posits to $100 in one month. A de
posit may only be increased beyond
$500 with the consent of the board
of trustees under the Senate amende
irienta, though the House had per
mitted the increase -without this pen'
vty- The original law permitted in
vestment in United States securities
of 30 per cent of deposits, and invest
ment of an additional 65 per cent in
that manner when In the President's
Judgment "the general welfare and
interests of the United States so re
quire." This provision has been
changed to read that all ''or any part
of the postal savings funds," except
the 5 per cent reserve fund, may be
so invested "when in the judgment of
the President war or other exigency
Involving the eredit of the United
Slates so requires." Otherwise the
funds are to be deposited in private
banks which give security and pay
3 V4 per cent interest.
The restrictions imposed by the
Senate and accepted by the House
were inspired by fear that the postal
savings banks would injure the priv,
ate banks, when in fact the postal
savings bank draws into circulation
through other banks money which
would be drawn out in rio other way.
The postal bank is a feeder to, not a
rival of, the private bank.
Foreigners have confidence in
Government banks because of their
experience in Europe. They distrust
private banks in this country. If
permitted without restriction to de
posit their money in the postal banks,
they would deposit money in much
larger amounts which they would
otherwise hide. The Government
would deposit it with banks, which
could get it in na other way, and it
would be added to the circulating
medium. If all of the postal savings
' fund were invested in Government
securities, the money would go into
circulation and the banks would get
the benefit of it, especially under the
new banking law, which requires
Government funds to be deposited
with Federal reserve banks.
The postal savings bank is a valu
able protection of banks against runs.
With no restriction on the amount of
a postal bank deposit, the most nat
ural thing for an alarmed depositor
tq do after withdrawing his money
from a private bank would be to de
posit it with the Government. The
private bank, having good security,
would obtain a deposit from the
postal bank and get back the funds
It had lost. It could continue paying
frightened depositors money which
had been withdrawn by other fright
ened depositors and ,which had come
baok to it through the postal banks,
so long as it had securities acceptable
to the Government. A solvent bank
could thus meet and wear out a
enseless run.
Numerous postmasters have given
the Government concrete proof that
restrictions on postal savings depos
its aggravated the financial pinch
which followed the outbreak of war.
During the first week many new ac
counts were opened at postal banks
in various cities with deposits of the
muximum of $100 permitted in any
one month. .No less than twenty per
sons offered deposits in New York,
aggregating $ IS, 800 on one day, which
could not be accepted. Four persons
at Gulfport, Miss., offered a total pf
$2500; one at Philadelphia offered
850; one at Seattle offered $16,000;
ten at Allentown, Pa., offered from
S300 to J650 each in one week. A
Greek railroad fireman at Danville,
111., offered $36,000 in various sums
from members of his gang who were
in panic regarding banks. The re
strictions imposed in the supposed in
terest of the banks did not send this
money to them, but sent it into hid
ing, thus increasing the necessity for
issuing emergency currency.
If Congress will take off the restric
tions and cut the red tape which
limit their usefulness, postal savings
banks will become of much greater
eervice to the public and a valuable
aid to the banks.
MORE ABOUT CAXCKK.
Dr. Bainbridge, of New York, has
published a new book on "The Can
cer Problem." He is one of those
physicians who think they benefit the
public by minimizing the dangers of
disease. Dr. Bainbridge. announces
that some of the increase in cancer
cases which has been reported Is due
to more accurate statistics than we
had in former times. He does not
believe that the disease is hereditary
nor that it can be communicated from
one person to another. The environ
ment has nothing to do with its prev
alence and neither has food.
-. Now these are all undecided points.
Dr. Bainbridge may be right and lie
may be wrong, but it seems to the lav-
mind that upon the whole it is better
to keep on the safe side in such mat
ters. Until we know definitely that
cancer cannot be communicated by
our surroundings, is it not wiser to act
as if we knew that it could? It may
or may not be contagious, but what
harm is done by acting as if it wereT
Caution is certainly more advisable
than blundering rashness as Jong as
we are obliged to walk in the dark.
On one point the judicious public
will heartily agree with Dr. Bain
bridge, and that is the necessity for
treating a cancer as soon as possible
after it originates. How ever the dis
ease may be caused, it is strictly lo
calized lor some time after it begins.
By and by the deadly cells migrate to
various parts of the body -and form
new centers of disease, but at first
they all lie in one small tract and can
easily be cut out by a surgeon. Hence
the immense importance of acting
pre'mptly.
Any sore that refuses to heal; any
tumor, - whether painless or not; any
unusual appearance in the neighbor
hood of a gland should be interpreted
as an incipient cancer until the con
trary is learned from a competent ex
pert. Nor should there be any Jiesi
taney about submitting to the knife.
In nearly every case of cancer it is
the only safe thing ta do. Radium
has its uses and sometimes other
remedies are helpful, but the knife
alone is to be indubitably depended
on. When a cancer in its early stage
has been cut out it never returns.
This fact every reader should bear in
mind.
HARMONY AND NO H -MIWO.NV.
Brother FJegel asks for election te
Congress because he "stands for Wil
son," and will be in harmony with
the National Adrjiiriistration. The
whole Democratic claque is bawling
for close harmony between President
and Congress.
Dr. C- J. Smith seeks ejection as
Governor because he says he will not
stand in with the Legislature, and
there win through hira be definite
and studied antagonism between the
two branches of government. Here
also the whole Pemocratie outfit is
shouting its approval of the eminent
physician's plan to oppose the legis
lative machine which he labored
through years of service as Legislator
to create, '
Harmony in the National -Adminis
tration, but no" harmony in the state
administration, is the Democratic
slogan.
But if there were a Republican
President, they would be putting up
the good Flegel to go to Washington
to fight the Administration.
If there were a Democratic Legis
lature, the harmony cry would be the
only tun Dr. Smith could possibly
sing.
OPPOKTESflTY NHtHTKD.
One half, or more, of a column ad"
vertisement for Senator Chamber
lain's re-eleetion is taken up in lau
dation of his great service to the
public in getting Congress to pass the
Alaska bill. It carries an appropria
tion of $40,000,000 for construction
by the Government of a railroad in
Alaska. "It was a map's job," de
clares the advertisement.
No doubt it was a man's job--a Job
for many men. The measure was pre
pared largely by ethers and given to
Senator Chamberlain to handle in
Congress. He had behind him the
suppat-of the Administration, and
the measure passed.
But it seems to The Oregonian that
service for Alaska is not a prime rea
son for re-electing an Oregon Senator.
What great thing for Oregon not
Alaska has Senator Chamberlain
done? "
A mignty opportunity for service
was deliberately neglected and ig
nored by the Senator. He gave up the
chairmanship of the public lands com
mittee to be chairman of the commit
tee on military affairs.
The Government's land policy is of
vital interest to Oregon. All the great
problems of conservation, reclama
tion, irrigation, settlement are direct
ly related to public lands, The wel
fare of every eitizen, - in one way or
another, depends on the disposition or
development of public lands.
It is astonishing and it is inexpli
cable that a Senator from Oregon
should turn his back upon a ehance to
serve his state by industrious and tell
ing work, it- an important capacity,
far its pu-bllc lands, to undertake the
easier and wholly perfunctory labors
of the chairman of the military af
fairs committee.
What does the homesteader, or
farmer, or laborer, or housewife of
Oregon care about the little social
recognition to be had by giving their
Senator a standing among the Col
onels and Brigadier-Generals and
military attaches at Washington?
It is well enough to open Alaska.
It is far more important to open
Oregon. BRITISH SEIZURE OF SHIPS.
The theory on whicfi Great Britain
has acted in seieing American ships
carrying contraband goods to neutral
ports is that tne ultimate destination
of the goods is alone decisive. Thus,
if the John D. Rockefeller had In
tended to land her cargo of oil at
Copenhagern, whence it was to have
been taken by another vessel to Stet
tin, Great Britain would hold that the
oil was on a continuous voyage to
Stettin and was therefore lawful prize
together with the ship which earried
it to Copenhagen. This doctrine is
upheld by- the New York Sun and the
Tribune, the last-named paper saying
that it was applied by the United
States during the Civil War to con
traband shipped from England to
Nassau in the Bahamas and thence to
Confederate ports.
The statement of Representative
Temple quoted in The Oregonian, to
the effect that Great Britain had
adopted and applied the London dec-
laration regarding contraband ships
and that this declaration did not re
quire ratification by Parliament, is in
direct conflict with statements of the
British themselves. The London Post
of October 5 says: N
The people of this country may note that
If the declaration of London had been rati
fied, instead aa" having been thrown out by
the House of Lords, the doctrine of continu
ous voyage would not now have applied to
conditional oontpaband; that is, contraband
consisting? of articles capable of being used
either for peace er for war, which either
belligerent can declare to be contraband of
war at will. The result would have been
that the articles declared to be contraband
by the British government, Including food
stuffs, might now be brought by any neutral
vessel to a neutral port and sent through to
Germany in any quantity. The public will
also now understand why it was that certain
foreign powers were so extremely anxious
that Great Britain should ratify the decla
ration of London. Th reference here is not
to the United States, but principally to
Germany. The ratification of the declaration
of London would have been worth an army
corps or a squadron of battleships to Ger
many. Great Britain appears to be within
her rights, under a precedent estab
lished by the United States, to satisfy
ing herself that contraband consigned
to neutral ports is not actually des
tined for German ports and in seizing
it if she finds it to be so. But her
repudiation of the London declara
tion, while preserving to her the right
te seize conditional contraband on
continuous voyage to an enemy's port,
deprives her of the right to seize ships
which have been sold by Germans to
Americans and which have been
transferred to American register, un
less they carry contraband. The Lon
don declaration would have invalidat
ed all such transfers made within
sixty days of the declaration of war.
I As matters stand, "ships transferred to
American register at any time during
the war are exempt from seizure, pro
vided the sale to Americans is genuine
and the ships do not carry contraband
to German ports. - '
A NEW MOTIVE FOR PEACE.
Before the current European war
broke out people used tq think that
a three days' battle was something of
a marvel. The strain in such en
counters as Shiloh and Gettysburg
seemed to surpass human endurance.
But times change and our sense of
the wonderful changes with them.
This war has taught us to think noth
ing of a three days' battle. The fight
ing has been continuous for weeks
along a line of many miles and the
troops seem to stand it fairly well.
Human endurance is a thing that
adapts itself to circumstances with
astonishing facility. The fat old
bachelor, who has to make a painful
effort to amble from the club smok
ing room to the dining room, will
sprint a mile or two when his house
is on fire and be none the worse for
it. There are stories, that the soldjers
at the front have made themselves
comfortable nnder the incessant fusil
lade. Talking machines have been
installed in the trenches and excava
tiops made for kitchen fires as well
as for shelter.
Man's most marked characteristic
is his adaptability. If bombardments
like that of Antwerp were to become
a regular condition of life no doubt
we should learn how to accommodate
ourselves to them and manage to get
along in comfort under the hail of
cannon balls, just as people lived
agreeably for millions of years with
typhoid fever, cholera and the black
death raging around them. As long
as Mr. Smith is not himself stricken
by the plague he does not feel called
upon to worry about it.
The . continupus battles of the
European war impose new duties
upon the surgeons. They are obliged
to expose themselves upon the field
in order to succor the wounded.
Formerly the victims of shot and
shell were carried to hospitals for
treatment. This Is now impossible
without long delay and the surgeons
must crawl among the fallen with
their morphine, their antiseptic
gauze and other first aid material for
immediate use. They thus incur
some of the real perils of warfare.
Perhaps one of the most potent
factors in forming antl-milltary sen
timent will be the growing necessity
for the "educated and intelligent
classes" to expose themselves to the
same perils as the common soldier.
STEVENSON AND PICKENS,
Henry James, the novelist, has pub
lished a book of reflections and criti
cisms upon a number of writers of
his own time. Usually he speaks ap
preciatively, but now and then he al
lows himself a thrust of satire. For
instance, he says with that indirection
which characterizes his literary style,
that Zola had no ''taste." He does
not put it so bluntly as all that. He
merely remarks in discussing Zola
how unfortunate it is or a novelist
"when he has no taste." But it comes
to the same thing for an understand
ing person.
Mr. James believes that Robert
Louis Stevenson was better loved by
his readers than most modern novel
ists. They cherished him more as a
friend than as an author, though of
eourse his stories were among the
most attractive ever written. Steven
son was like Dickens in this particu
lar. Everybody who reads Dickens'
novels feels drawn to him personally
and forms an affection for him. The
characters of the stories share jn this
human warmth, which is one reason
Why they live so persistently. With
al Stevenson's capacity for attaching
hearts tq him, he could not do the
trick nearly so deftly as Dickens, The
former is best remembered now for
his easy and delightful style and is
more read by literary people than by
the multitude. Nobody thinks a great
deal of Dickens' style. It is loose,
careless arid, sentimental. But every
body loves his characters and delights
in his tales. For one person who
quotes freely from a Stevenson crea
tion there are dozens who sprinkle
their conversation with Sarah Gamp
and Pickwick.
COTTON COMING OUT RIGHT.
Evidence accumulates that the
crisis in the cotton market is due less
to lack of demand for raw cotton
than to temporary lack of tonnage to
carry the crop abroad and to difficul
ties in arranging terms of payment.
It has been assumed that the bot
tom has fallen out of the price in this
country because the demand has
stopped in England, the greatest tex
tile country, as well as in the conti
nental countries, A Manchester dis
patch to the London Post, dated Oc
tober 4, says:
A general stoppage is threatened in the
Lancashire cotton trade In consequence of
the high price of raw cotton. A large num
ber of mills have been closed for several
weeks and the operatives have received no
intimation as to when work will be re
sumed. There is to be a general closing
down in all districts as soon as the orders
now being worked off have been completed.
Here is a situation of high prices
at the point of consumption; low
prices at the point of production. The
explanation is that something keeps
producer B-nd consumer from getting
together. Lancashire shuts down be
cause the supply of raw material in
England is small and cannot be re
plenished, so that prices are prohibi
tive, not because there is no demand
for the manufactured product. Could
new supplies of raw cotton be ob
tained, prices in England would nat
urally fal) and manufacture would be
resumed. The obstacle to obtaining
new supplies during the first month
or two of war was prohibitive charter
rates for vessels and prohibitive rates
of exchange, the one preventing move
ment of cotton and the other prevent
ing sales. Government assumption of
war riks in both the United States
and Great Britain and the removal of
danger arising from German cruisers
have brought down charter rates and
started ships to moving. The in
crease in volume of exports and the
decrease in volume of imports during
September and early October have
pressed down, exchange rates some
what and they are gradually ap
proaching normal.
Cotton exports have begun to re
vive even under adverse conditions.
In August and September they were
only 10 per cent of the total for Au
gust, 1913, but from October 1 to 17
they were 30 per cent of the total for
the same period of 1913. This lm
provement is likely to continue and
to be accelerated by the arrangements
regarding foreign exchange which are
being made between Sir George Faish
and the United States Treasury De
partment and American bankers.
As the sections of France which are
not the scene of hostilities regain con
fidence that they will not be invaded
i their industries revive, and that coun
try may yet take a large proportion
of its normal import, about & million
bales. The German North Sea ports
are blockaded, but the Baltic ports
are open, cotton is absolutely non
contraband, and, though German
ships are not safe from capture, neu
tral ships are free to enter non-block
aded German ports. About 15 per
cent of New York's exports in the sec.
ond week of October went to Den-
ark, Italy, Holland. Norway and
Sweden--countries which have access
to Germany- and part of this 15 per
eent may have been eotton destined
for Germany. That country may take
a large proportion of its supply, which
in 1913 was 2,350,000 bales. Reduc.
tion in the exports to Germany may
be largely .offset by a later increase in
exports to Great Britain and by In
creased home consumption.
Since the cotton situation has al
ready begun to right itself and is
likely to improve from week to week,
there is reason to believe that by the
time the scheme of Government aid
favored by President Wilson was put
in operation, it would already have
become unnecessary. It would then
stand only as a bad precedent to be
cited by growers of tobacco, wheat,
corn, apples and other produce when
ever they got into difficulties. The
Government would do well to hold off
from doing a possible, immediate
good lest it do certain ultimate Harm.
Dr. Latourette, of Reed College,
should have all possible co-operation
in collecting historical material con
cerning Mr. and Mrs. Reed, the found
ers of the institution. . He wants' let
ters, photographs, anecdotes and ev
erything else that can be used in a
biography. Do not neglect to send
n what you have because it seems
triflrng. '
The unspeakable Turks with com
mendable shrewdness are improving
the shining hour. By playing one
power . against another they have
gained several points which they will
probably keep. Visibly they incline
tp the Kaiser's side, but they warily
evade definite complications like the
astute diplomats they have always
been.
Mr. Karth dressed himself with ex
traordinary celerity when he was
caught napping at the station in his
Pullman birth, but he is not the only
pebble on the beach. We know of a
society ornament who can shift from
business to evening attire, including a
shave and bath, in five minutes. Mr.
Karth's feat pales before this.
It is found that the United States
Navy is short 18,000 men. What's the
difference? We are so hopelessly un
prepared for possible war that a few
shortages here and there add little
to the gravity of the situation.
Decrease in Transatlantic travel
should benefit this Coast. .To thoseJ
who cannot remain at home, the
Transpacific tour is just as good and
the traveler can see much of his
country on the way here.
An added motive for . the allies to
strain . every nerve fpr expulsion of
the Germans from Belgium is the
burden of feeding the Belgian refugees
until they can be repatriated.
Another German Prince found dead
with bullet wounds inflicted from be
hind. The way of the martinet is
often rough when- his troops get bee-
hind him on the firing line.
Another ten days and the political
prophets will be able to say "I told
you so," or else remain discreetly si
lent according to the way they hap
pened to predict.
The Russians now report that they
are driving the Germans from in front
of Warsaw. Last time the Russians
claimed victory they reported being
on their way to Berlin.
Obligation to feed 700,000 starving
Belgians reminds us that the war is
going to impose some serious duties
upon us, duties, from which we cannot
shrink. 9
France reports that very few am
putations are necessary among her
wounded soldiers. Thanks to the
small clean German rifle bullet.'
British troops are being supported
by British ships at Ostend. If the
British navy could only move inland
things might be different.
Berlin announces that we are at
liberty to ship food to the Belgians.
Kind of them to let us take up the
work where they-left off.
The Krupps are perfeoting a new
sixty-centimeter gun. Must plan to
blow the British Isles out of the
water.
The British promptly released the
captured tanker John D. Rockefeller.
No doubt it was the name that scared
them.
The warriors resemble the gam
blers, who are vociferous about their
winnings but silent about their losses.
No doubt German-Americans will
help liberally in the charity fund be
ing raised for homeless Belgians.
Men and women interested in the
welfare of Oregon will go early to
night to the old "Heilig Theater.
California cannot have all the Bel
gian immigrants. Oregon has the land
and climate of their need.
Harvard is too close to the cradle
of liberty to let Munsterberg go for a
few contingent million.
Business is reported to be reviving
in France. Particularly the under
taking business.
The "British-German Friendship
Society" of London Js hardly flourish
ing this season.
Another pugilist killed In the ring.
Still, the fans must have their sport.
The Beavers need some kind of
"series" money to stir their ginger.
Up goes the price of imported
cheese. Holes, odor and all.
The Balkans are balking at being
drawn into this war.
And still our peace prayers remain
unanswered.
Harry will have to hurry to help
GCorge.
COy, WEST'S INSINCERITY' SHOWN
HI Attacks) am Dr. Wlthyesaibe Arouse
Prmer Newspaper supporter.
Governor West's utter lack of sincer
ity and his inclination ta throw politi
cal mud without regard to the truth or
justice Involved is made the subject of
considerable comment at Corvallis,
where Governor West, previous to the
campaign, took occasion to praise Dr.
James Withyeombe in the highest terms.
West's dual attitude in the case of Dr.
Withyeombe ta gone into- extensively
by- the. Corvallis Gazette-Times, which
supported West when he was a candi
date for Governor, but which now turns
from hia because of what it terms hia
hypocrisy. Here la what the Gazette
Times has to say under the caption
"Governor West and Governor-to-Be
Withyeombe":
Two years ago. Governor West, In a
speech made In the building now occupied
by the Gasette-Tlmes. proclaimed the vir
tues of Dr. James Withyeombe, and weat
so far )n his laudation of Dr. Withyeombe
as a man of aonur, ability and state use
fulneji. as to say that if the assembly,
which indorsed Jay Bowerman, had indorsed
Dr. w itayeumbe, he, himself, would not
have felt the need of being a candidate.
At that time Governor West regarded Dr.
Withyeombe as an ideal man for the Gov
ernorsbip.
Today, Governor West is going over the
state making addresses in which he charac
terises pr. Withyeombe as one little better
than a horsethlef. He finds Dr. Withy
combe te be a man lacking all the quali
ties a Governor should have and he tells
the people of the great danger there would
be in the elestioa of this man.
Dr. Withyeombe is exactly the man he
was two years ago perhaps a little more
widely known and a little jnore universally
respected. He is the man of high ideals,
splendid experience, matured thought and
ability that he was then, and Just as fine
N, citiaen in every respect. In the two
years nothing of any sort reflecting on his
character or his ability has been brought to
light and yet . the Governor has reversed
himself.
These facTs make Governor West a hypo
crite two years ago, or a hypoorlte now.
They make him a politioal schemer. tricV
ster and bidder for votes at a sacrifioe of
personal honor, Integrity and good faith
with the people then, or it makes him that
now.
The people who know Dr. Withyeombe
know that Governor West is a hypocrite
now and sincere two years ago. They
know that Dr. Smith was nominated more
largely through his efforts than any other,
and they know that Governor West Is now
stooping to low and vile methods, common
to dirty politics, to secure his election.
They know that Governor West ia unfair,
untrue to himself, untrue to the people of
this state in his outrageous castigatlon of
Dr. Withyeombe, whom he lauded so highly
two years ago. 1
The Gasette-Tlmes is an Independent pa
per with Republican tendencies. In city,
state and county affairs it has ever picked
men rather than parties. It supported Os
wald West in his candidacy for the Gov
ernorship and has supported bins warmly,
even when the public was inclined to re
gard his judgment and action as somewhat
strenuous and erratic, but it cannot refrain
at this time from expressing its belief that
Governor West is absolutely not to be
trusted wben his own interests and those of
his political friends are at stake. The
clarity of his vision and the fairness of his
judgment become warped under such stress
and ho becomes the politician who stops at
nothing to attain his desires.
Governor West's attacks on Dr. Withy
eombe are vicious, mean, contemptible, un
worthy of such a man as many believe, the
Governor to be. His attacks are for polit
ical advantage only and should not be given
credence. Ha is warped, sadly warped.
The people Of this state know Dr. Withy
eombe for a man of honor, uprightness, of
distinguished service to the state, of splen
did ability, a proper dignity, reasonable
conservatism, and one above reproach in his
personal and public life. It is to his in
finite credit that in all the vilification that
has come from various sources as out
rageous in their treatment. Dr. Withyeombe
has maintained his poise and conducted him
self with the dignity the people of any
state would aver like to see in their chief
executive. '
THINKS SUBMARINE WAS COPIED
Krupps Infrlnurd en American Pat
ent and Wert Seed, Ia Stated.
New York Times.
The ingenuity of an American engi
neer and the Bkill of Frenchmen are
largely -responsible for the destruc
tion of the three British cruisers
Aboukir, Hogue and Cressy--by the
German submarine or submarines, in
the opinion or lsaao jj. nice, preiunv
of the Electric Boat Company, which
owns the patents for the Holland sub
marine boats. Mr. Rice thinks it is
quite possible that one submarine did
the whole job, as asserted in the
official German dispatches. And Mr.
Rice's company has a claim against
the U-9 and the other German
"uuterseeboten."
"This war is the first real opportunity
the submarine boat has had to show
what it could do." said Mr. Rice. "Yet,
while it has surprised the world, it
has not exceeded our expectations.
"The Germans have always kept the
details of their submarines secret and
the rest of the world had not been
apprised of what they had accomplished
before the outbreak of the war. I am
of the opinion we shall hear a lot
more. Some people seem to have an
idea that the U-9 is a larger vessel
than the submarines we have in this
country, but as a matter of fact our
latest types are quite as large.
"We have never sold a Holland sub
marine to Germany, our foreign
customers having comprised Great
Britain. Austria. Holland, Russia and
Japan. We had all our inventions
patented in Germany, but that did not
protect us from the Germans taking
advantage of our patents. I do not
know the German engineers who have
figured in the development of their
under-water eraft and so far as I know
the only name of the German type is
'the' U boats,' from the initial of
unterseeboten." But it is interesting to
mention that the German boats have
infringed our patents and. we have
suits for infringements in German
courts."
Bssence or Stinginess.
New York Sun.
'Is old Doxey as stingy as they say
he is?" ''Yea. He won't even buy a
calendar for fear he may not live the
year out to use it up."
SONG OF THE WAR HOSTS.
Ever on, and on.
In withering flight toward
A goal of tragic deeds
Where purity, love, kindness.
All human joys and blessings
Have fled.
Where sin and avarice
Corrode empowered gold.
Polluting wealth and commerce.
Defying wisdom's laws.
And reason.
Religion! What is it?
Why, the space o'erhead
Holds naught but dark clouds
And cold, mocking stars
At pight.
The ground beneath.
Spongelike, absorbs our deeds.
Yet relents a foothold to
Fleeing steps on vicious
Privilege bent.
The air we breathe, "
Fouled with hate ef beauty.
Feeds our lust, and Nature pleads
A willful, eovetous treachery
To God,
Trees and flowers -whispering
In perfumed tenderness
Like voices of virgin women.
Are sentimental snares for
Weakening minds,
The world? Bah!
A place for seeking death.
For death we deal. And then
A shallow grave, a gleam in a
Weakling's eye.
Beyond? A place of rest;
Another ajrinning skull to
Testify of peaceful sleep
But none on earth we'll just
Pass on, and on.
W. B. Scott, Seaside, Or.
NORMAL SCHOOLS ON NEW BASIS.
Some of Meat Important Differences
Are Outlined by Supporter,
PORTLAND, Or., Oct. CTo the
Editor.) Tne attention of the voters
of the state should be called to the fact
that the normal schools, if re-established,
will be on an entirely new basis
of efficiency as compared with the old
schools of 10 years ago. Some of the
moat rVrrportant differences are the following-;
First, the new schools will be under
the entire control of the Gerferal State
Normal School Board. Consequently,
there will be no possible lowering of
standards to attract large numbers of
students who have no intention ot
teaching, for the purpose ot boosting
business in the particular towns where
the normal schools are located. The
present State Board has made a dis
tinct success in its- administration of
the existing Normal School at Mon
mouth, which has attained a standard
of effectiveness comparing favorably
with normal schools in other states.
There ia no recaon to believe that its
policy would be any lesa effective if
normal schools were established in
Southern and Eastern Oregon.
Another point of importance is the
millage tax voted by the people them
selves which takes the entire question
out of the legislative arena. The now
normal schools will have no occasion
to appeal to the Legislature for finan
cial support and, therefore, can in- no
possible way interfere with general
legislation.
A third factor to be considered la
the change of attitude in regard to
general high school education. The
old normal schools provided this for
their localities. At Monmouth the high
school education ia now provided for in
a separate institution supported by the
Monmouth district, and is in no way a
charge on the taxpayers of the state.
Ashland possesses one of the strongest
high schools in the state and is in an
admirable position to train the future
teachers along general lines, thus rel
egating to the normal school only the
purely professional work, undoubtedly
a similar provision is in view at Wet
ton. This Insures that the state money
be spent wholly for the professional
training ef teachers.
The value .of dividing the state sup
port between three schools may be
questioned by sonie. There are in the
main, two reasons favoring such a di
vision. First, throughout the United
States, experience has shown that the
students of a normal school are very
largely recruited from the immediate
region where the school is located. Or
dinarily, normal school students do not
go more than 100 miles away from
home to secure professional training.
In Michigan, where several years ago
a number of new normal schools were
added to the system, these schools se
cured a large constituency in their re
spective distrlots without In any way
cutting off the support of the large
central school in Ypsilantl.
A powerful factor in securing effi
ciency in the training of teachers is
the presence of large opportunities in
the way of practice facilities for
teaohers. While the work in methods
and professional subjects like psychol
ogy, school hygiene and child study is
valuable, after all the average teacher
learns most through imitation and
suggestion as well as practice. Every
normal school needs, therefore, not only
some model classes In its neighborhood,
but a considerable number of other
classes where the young teachers may
do apprenticeship work. A town of
ordinary size can only offer a certain
number of such openings. As a conse
quence, when huge normal schools
hava been located in small towns, as
has been the case in several .states of
the Middle West, the practice facilities
have been altogether inadequate and
the teachers have been only partially
trained. It Is therefore advisable in
Oregon that we have a number of nor
mal schools which will attract the
teachers of the three main geograph
ical divisions of the state and which
can at the same time give the neces
sary opportunities for efficient work.
HENRY D. SHELDON.
WHY THE TIMES ARE SOT BETTER
Farmer Blames Icmocratle I'olicles
nnd Gives Reasons for 60 IIoIds;-
SICKLE AND SHEAF RANCH. R. F,
D. No. 1, McMinnville, Dr., Oct. 2L
(To the Editor.) I have been favored
with a copy of the statements of the
political candidates who are to be
elected or defeated in November. Al
low me to make a few remarks on the
industries that the cut-Democratic
tariff has crippled- First, why wool is
a trifle higher. Wool is higher be
cause of the world shortage. Had not
the tariff been tampered with by a
Democratic Administration wool would
have been from five to ten cents higher
in the markets. I wish to say at this
writing that an increase of from five
to 10 cents in the producer's pocket
for wool means that he can purchase
more wares with the result that the
wheels of industry would not be as
stagnant as they are today, and labor
ing men in both the city and on the
farms would net be out of work.
I have only given a slight account
Of what free wool has done, but dairy
ing has also felt the effect of the low
tariff. Many farmers have become dis
couraged and have closed out their
herds and hundreds of cows have gone
to the shambles, as shown by the
heavy shipments last Summer to the
Portland yards.
Our egg industry has felt the tariff
decrease. One big poultry plant has
thrown up the sponge here at McMinn
ville and many ethers are quitting the
business and are selling out their
stocks, as shown by the unprecedented
run of fine poultry on the Portland
market.
I could go on about other industries,
for instance the mohair industry, and
on other kinds of farm produce that
are affected by the low tariff, but it
is up to the voter to study the situa
tion well before he casts his vote, and
vote for the return ot better times and
not listen to politioal twaddle. I for
one will vote the straight Republican
ticket; it does not pay to mix your
drinks.
There are many of our candidates in
all parties who are good and upright
men. Their platforms look good and
most of them are clean-cut to the
score line. F. M. Gill's statements
sound right and I would surely vote
for him but he is- not on my ticket,
and we have a good and true man1 by
the name of Dr. James Withyeombe
whom there is no -discount on and who
will make Oregon a most worthy Gov
ernor. There are others who aspire to the
Governor's chair-. W. S. U'Ren rolls out
a good sized platform and his pledges
are many and frequent, as shown by
his single tax promises. He has said
before that his (Jacob Fels) sinerle
tax scheme was for the benefit of the
poor. The tlSOO exemption measure Is
right up against the poor man, for it
takes a well-to-do man to own 11500
worth of taxable personal property,
which represents about X3000 of first
price stuff. Therefore If a man can't
make a living with such a start h
does not need an exemption but should
pay his Just tax. Mr. U'Ren's poor
men have voted down single tax two
or three times and yet he swears he
is the poor man's friend. Mr. U'Ren
Is the rich man s friend. The poor man
who buys a small tract on time will
never get it paid for under this rule,
for land taxes will still be on the in
crease. W. J. GARRISON.
What We Hay Expect This Winter.
London Sphere.
"Are you going to the Wallerby re
ception tonight?" "No. The Twobbles
will be there, so I declined my invi
tation. "Why do you object to the
presence of the Twobbles?" "I don't
object to their presence particularly
but 1 have already heard them tell the
story of their escape from Berlin 10
or 13 times, and I don't feel equal to
another recital.
Twenty-Five Years Ao
(Prom The Oregonian. October II. llt.)
Victoria, B. C The steamer George
vv. Elder arrived five days overdue '
from Alaska, with 500 returning can
ners and miners and 2S.UU0 cases of
salmon. Among the passengers were
J. W. Sperry and R. c. Rose, of Fort
land, returning home from Yukon. In
company with A. Ingram and F. C.
Young, they started from Forty-mile
down the river In a boat for Juneau,
a heir provisions gave out. Young and
Ingram died of privation and exposure.
w- J- Rly. A. E. Geist," H. BeaU
Frank Nord. Dick Clinton and R. Jen
nings bairereri 1 fcl i .. . -
in one day at The Willows. "
There were B5 prisoners in the Coun
ty Jail yesterday.
W. L. Whitmore. of Walla Walla, will
Shin his rim 11m.. L ,
. . , r. - -""" Loimt ana
Guido, to San Francisco, to be entered.
... '"ctMii5 ui tne ciooa Horse As
sociation. Cv Xftiiiow n-m .
Daly and Moses B. WH" i9'"
Tho Fall has been one of the meat
delightful Imaginable. The roseate
sunsets remind one that:
Evening red and morning gray
Will help the traveler on his way:
But evening gray and morning red
Will bring down rain upon the head.
John Kelly, commissioner to tho Paris
Exposition, arrived home Saturday,
having beep gone six months. He vis
ited Berlin and Vienna, and spent a
month in London and two weeks in
Ireland, which he says was in very good
condition, but that there did not ap
pear to be as much fun there as there
was 3d years ago.
A large audience attended the sacred
concert given by Liberates band at
Floral hall Sunday.
The first of a series of German the
atricals was given by the Portland So
cial Turn-Verein at Turn hall yester
day evening.
Half et Century Ago.
(From The Oregonian October 24, 1S4.)
Joseph Buchtel and Mr. Lewis will
run a match of 100 yards, on November
12 on the East Side of the river, for
1300 a side, Lewis to give 10 feet at
the outcome.
G. W. Walling has left a sample of
sweet cider at the office, which all
hands have letted and pronounced
skookum. Our boys set him down as
an A No. 1 farmer.
Deer skins, deer horns, beaver and
other skins will be received In trade
by Henry Hughes, San Francisco. Ad
vertisement. The rebels are watching with intense
anxiety for the election of McClellan.
It would, perhaps, be Impossible to find
a single traitor in arms who does not
ardently desire the triumph of the
Democratio party.
A bill to provide for the Incorpora
tion of the city of Jacksonville was
kpassed by the State Senate October 20.
Dr. R. H. Bruney haa returned te Can
yon City, from another unsuccessful ex
pedition in search of the "Lost Emi
grant" mines.
New York The Herald has the fol
lowing concerning Sheridan's late vic
tory: After taking command, at about
half past 3, Sheridan commenced driv
ing the rebels, who were apparently
hoarse from their efforts of the morn
ing, their yellj being few and far be
tween. The charge which decided the
fate of the day was made at 3:45. The
rebels fled through the streets of Mid
dleton. Sheridan ordered tho pursuit
to be kept up. This is the most crush
ing defeat that he haa ever tuflicted en
h.arly. Custer has jusV sent word that
he will need help to guard taa pris
oners taken by him.
PERILS
OF
ANIMAL TKAIXERa
Beasts Only a Few Removes From the
Jungle Cannot Be Trusted.
Detroit Free Press.
The dangers incident to the handling
of wild beasts held in captivity have
been thrice demonstrated recently. Em
erson Dietrich, in Chicago, was at-
tacaea Dy live lion cubs when he en
tered their case to feed them and ia
dead. At Mount Clements Captain
Jacob Lorenzo was set upon by a young
lion ne nan trained, and he is dead.
Deviliah, an animal tamer of reputa
tion. Is dead from wounds inflicted by
a lion during a circus performance at
Binghamton, N. Y. In the two cases
first mentioned the beasts were re
garded as perfectly tamed and there
fore harmless; the lion that killed De
viliah had a bad record, having pre
viously killed one keeper and seriously
wounded another.
Seldom does the "show season" gp
by without some similar instance be
ing recorded. Familiarity breeds, not
contempt, but carelessness, and the
penalty is paid with a life. No wild
creature, two or three removes from
the -jungle, can be trusted.
It seems a fearsome occupation, this
subjection of the most savage of ani
mals to a point where they will obey
word or gesture. Yet mm, and women.
too, undertake it, and often profess a
genuine attachment to their savage
pets, though bearing the scars of
wounds inflicted by them. And so the
training and performances continue.
There are many who enjoy seeing lions
and elephants and floppy seals put
through their tricks at the crack of
the trainer's whip. We admire the tri
umph of man's will over the beast's
will; we acknowledge the tractability
of the animals that perform and the
patience and courage of the trainer,
and possibly the thought of the peril
fared-: may add a little pleasurable
thrill to our interest. For the animal
trainer may say to himself, as Aviator
Lincoln Beachey said, that the public
paid the price of admission, not exactly
expecting to see men killed, but quite
fully realizing the possibility of such
a catastrophe.
BIG YACHTS IN WINTER HOIMMJ
Cup Contestants, Costing; S1.500.0OO.
Can't Be l ied In War Time.
Popular Mechanics Magazine.
Stripped of their spars and rigging,
with their sails stowed away and their
decks boxed up for the Winter, the
three cup defenders and the challenger.
Shamrock IV, lie at different ship
yards in the United States and serve as
pathetic reminders of the great Amer
ica's Cup contest that was to have
been held in September of this year.
While the exact amount of money
Involved is not known, the three
racing yachts, with the money spent in
elimination races. In preparations for
the final race and in the numerous
changes in rigging and equipment, are
thought to represent an investment of
at least Jl. 500. 000.
The contest has been officially post
poned to 1915, but if the war should
last two or three years, the money in
vested is as good as thrown away, as
in that event the deterioration of these
yachts would be such that it is not
likely any of them would be in condi
tion to use in the cup race.
Explanation of a Bad Angler.
Boston Transcript.
"Just throw me a half-dozen of those
largest fiBh," said Simpkins to the fish
dealer. "Throw them to you?" said the
dealer. "Yes," replied the other; "you
see. I've been out fishing and I haven't
had one :atch, so if you throw them
I can truthfully tell the wife I caught
them. I may be a poor angler, but
I'm no liar."