TITE 3IORXIXG OREGOXIAN. THTIR SPAT, OCTOBER 15, 1914.
POBILAXD, OBEGOK.
Entered at Portland. Oregon, Poslofilce m
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PORTLAND, THURSDAY, OCT.. 15. 1914.
BUSINESS ADAPTS- ITSELF.
Business is gradually settling into
the new channels formed for it by the
war. Decline in rates of exchange fol
lowing the organization of the gold
pool has removed one obstacle from
its path. Restored confidence that
ships are in little dtnger of capture
by hostile cruisers has removed art
other. Europe's need of our food
stuffs and manufactures and the new
demand from South America have
caused a rebound in export trade from
the low figures of the first month of
war.
The immediate necessities of com
merce are being met by the organiza
tion of the gold pool. The United
States owed England money at the
opening of the war, and, as the 'ordi
nary means of settlement had been
abrogated, England inquired what as
surance of payment we could give.
The answer was the formation of the
gold pool by American banks, which
agreed to deposit 1100,000,000 -in
gold at Ottawa with which to take
up American obligations abroad.
When the Bank of England accepted
this arrangement sterling exchange
dropped from panic prices to $5.01,
then to $4.94. Doubt as to New
York City's ability to meet its foreign
debt raised the rate to $5.08, but when
the banks removed tnis doubt ex
change fell to $4.92. Difficulty of
obtaining drafts on London when the
balance -was again against us sent the
rate up again to $5.01, but the gold
pool's first shipment of $10,000,000 to
Ottawa started it down and it now
hovers about $4.95 to $4.96, with nor
mal relations between London and
New York restored. Our ability and
willingness to meet our obligations
have completely established confi
dence.
f While the United States is paying
' gold, London has stopped payment of
I its debts to us, and the moratorium,
j which extends until November 4, pro
, tects it against legal action. -When
5 asked if it would pay gold, the Bank
j of England made no reply, for the
: obvious reason that all trade cannot
be limited1 to exchange of gold. But
the question called attention to the
; necessity, that England cease to de
, maud gold and return to normal
, methods of settlement. The proof we
have given of our honesty and of our
ability to pay gold when demanded
', has served its purpose, and there is
'. good cause to doubt -whether the
? $100,000,000 gold will ever need to be
paid.
! One reason is the lifting of the em
' bargo on exports which caused im
! ports in August to exceed exports by
i $19,000,000 and which thereby in
creased the amount wo owed Europe.
i Imperative need of our foodstuffs and
, war material in the war zone and of
; our manufactures in all countries
j caused New York's exports to increase
$3,000,000 in the third week of Sep
tember and $4,000,000 in the last week
) of that month over the corresponding
: week of last year. Wheat exports in
' September were 60 per cent above
' those of September last year and 77
: per cent above those 'of the same
month in 1912. Europe must buy
more of our wheat at higher prices
and must buy more of our manufac
; tures. These facts caused one of the
; largest New York banks dealing in
foreign exchange to express the opin-
ion that before Autumn was far ad-
; vanced our surplus of exports would
, meet our foreign debts.
That may depend on what happens
; to cotton. Exports in September were
: hardly one-tenth of those of Septem-
; ber, 1913, and it is predicted that our
' exports to Europe of this year's crop
; will not exceed half of last year's to-
! xai. our exports in the fiscal year
( 1913 were 8,724,572 bales, all of which
. except 558,013 bales went to Europe.
' If this total should be reduced by
one-half, a deficiency of $250,000,000
in exports would need to be made up
with an increase of other commodi
ties. The ports of Germany, Austria
and Russia are totally closed, and
those countries took nearly 3,000,000
bales last year. British mills are run
ning and the sea is open to them, but
paralysis is reported to have struck
them. They took 3,556,303 bales in
1913. The estimate of a 50 per cent
reduction in exports of raw cotton
seems moderate and we may have to
fill a gap of more than $250,000,000.
It will require an enormous increase
in exports of other commodities to fill
this gap. We are shipping grain in
increased quantities at high - prices.
We are selling horses, mules, shoes,
saddles, blankets to the fighting na
tions, but we must create other new
business to replace the old business
which we have temporarily lost. We
must endeavor to pay our debts -with
our products and to turn the balance
in our favor. Then it will be "the
other fellow's" turn to -worry about
settlements, and we may let him settle
by returning American securities at
the depressed prices due to his own
bellicose folly.
A NOBLE SOCIETY.
Among the many new societies for
turning earth into Eden one shines
forth for conspicuous merit. It is the
"Society for the Promotion of Fam
ily Happiness." This lofty aim is to
be attained by aiding parents to train
and discipline their children, helping
married , people lead proper lives,
preventing differences between mar
ried couples, and, finally, improving
the mentalities of those about to be
married so that fewer foolish wed
dings will be celebrated.
The last object appears to be most
important of all, though we doubt
whether merely improving the men
tality of lovers can stop them from
Joining their fortunes unwisely. Mar
riages are not brought about by men
tality, but by the lack of itas a rule.
It is not the brain but the heart
which is concerned in this business.
We do not therefore expect to hear
that many foolish marriages have
'been prevented by fortifying the
mind. As for the heart, no .way has
yet been discovered to make it wise.
We fear, therefore, that foolish mar
riages will continue to be made in
about the same proportion as ever.
Helping parents train and disci
pline their children might look like
a more promising endeavor at first,
but upon examination it, too, loses
most of its glamor. The ordinary
parent believes that he, or more. often
she, has been endowed by nature with
al the wisdom and knowledge re
quired for the perfect nurture and
admonition of offspring. They do not
need to. learn anything more and the
effort to force Instruction upon them
commonly ends in unpleasantness.
The intentions of the new society
are excellent. We do not see how any
organization could have nobler pur
poses, but the chances are that be
fore a great while it will perish of
blighted hopes.
OVERLOOKED.
May The Oregonian express the
hope that its pork-barrel neighbor,
the Evening Journal, will not suspend
that series of interesting philippics
against the foul conspirators who are
going to revive' the moribund assem
bly? Through an oversight or per
haps through remarkable foresight
our friend has somehow failed to in
clude in its editorial alarums the
most thrilling human document of
any in the anti-assembly serial. It
may fitly be called "Exhibit A," for
it is entitled to first place in Oregon's
direct primary recordr It is the let
ter, written in 1906, of Senator (then
Governor) Chamberlain to A. D.
Stillman, chairman of the Democratic
county committee of Umatilla Coun
ty, and is as follows:
i do leel, however, that It would be
proper to call an assembly of Democrats,
both In the several counties and In the
state, .to adopt a declaration of nrincinles
uu io suggest to tne voters capable and
trustworthy men to be nominated at the
direct primary.
Thus we see that Our George is the
nign priest of assemblyism in Ore
gon. It was wicked of him, thus ear
ly in the history of the Oregon sys
tem, in this deliberate way to seek
destruction of its first-born, the di
rect nrlmfln-'
WEST'S TWISTED TONGUE.
Governor Wests latest personal
revelation of the "fraudulent" Urn-
berland operations of Mr. Booth is
rubbish. After a mighty pretense
that he was the solitary possessor of
damaging secret information about
the ' "nefarious" Booth methods, he
gives the same old threadbare tale,
with the sinister West trimmings, all
embellished by a highly-colored polit
ical narrative, involving many of Ore
gon's prominent public men.
West is Oregon's hyenic scavenger.
Through his vicious, unbridled and
untruthful tongue the hoiTorable
deeds of good men become the scan
dalous misdeeds of criminal infamy,
He assails the . innocent, entraps the
unsuspecting, defames theyving and
mangns tne aeaa. Old gossip is re
vived and. given a new and peculiarly
atrocious interpretation; new yarns
are invented, merely for the harm he
fancies they will do.
Governor West has not at all ac
cepted The Oregonian's invitation
"challenge" he sees fit ' to call it to
tell whatever he may know about Mr,
Booth and his timber lands. He
knows nothing not already every
where known. But he surpasses all
former efforts of other dirt-scatterers
by the dishonest turn he gives to
wholly honest transactions.
Yet this same Governor, only five
days ago, when in the home of Mr.
Booth's friends, was so far impressed
with his surroundings that he saw
the propriety of telling for once the
truth by testifying: "I am going to
admit that Mr. Booth got every dollar
of his money honestly."
MOVABLE GOVERNMENTS.
It looks odd to see the Belgian gov
ernment carried on at Havre, a
French city. The administration -will
probably be largely a niatter of
empty ceremony, since mest of Bel
gium is now possessed by the Ger
mans. Still something of an army
remains and a few cities. History
affords many jgarallels to the present
situation, ot pourse with modifica
tions. After the Stuarts had been finally
expelled from England they held
court for many years in France and
kept up as much of the state of sov
ereigns as they could on borrowed
money. Now and then they fitted out
expeditions against the "usurpers," as
they called the reigning British sov
ereigns, but they effected nothing.
When the Persians captured Athens
the people went on shipboard, many
of them at any rate, and the govern
ment was kept up at sea.
Before the Pilgrim Fathers landed
at Plymouth Rock they had estab
lished a regular government on board
the Mayflower, which went right on
working after they reached the ice
bound shore.
The. territory of a nation is any
place where its sovereignty is recog
nized and its laws enforced. It may
be on shipboard or even in the air.
ARRAIGNING THE PRIMARY.
We are wholly unable to believe
what Governor West and the Demo
cratic newspapers charge against the
direct primary. The Oregon -election
system is an invitation to the best as
well as the poorest material in each
political party to present its claims
for preferment in office. Doubtless
"liars," "crooks" and guzzlers of "cor-,
poration booze" seek office under its
liberal terms. Yet men of conscience
and good morals have political ambi
tions and seek to gratify them.
The dominant party in Oregon had
a registration last June of nearly
135,000 voters. The assertion that
this group of 135,000 citizens cannot
intelligently judge character of can
didates and uniformly elects to the
Legislature the liars, the crooks and
the corporation booze drinkers, while
only the 60,000 Democrats in the state
are capable of choosing Legislators of
high moral character is unthinkable.
If true, it is the strongest argument
against the people's rule that has ever
been offered. But as already stated,
we cannot believe it.
Perhaps, if the campaign methods
of the Democratic Governor and the
Democratic press succeed, conditions
will change. It is, of course, to be
expected that if candidacy brings
down upon men of substance and
good moral character enough vilifi
cation and personal abuse to encom
pass their defeat, patriotic willingness
to devote broad talents to Govern
mental welfare -will be suppressed
and only the chaff will seek office.
But so far the product of the direct
primary has not been what Governor
West and his newspaper admirers
and supporters charge. The majority
is just as -wise and is just as zealous
to achieve good government as the
minority. All the virtue in Oregon is
not locked in one man's breast, nor
in the breasts of 60,000.
The Governor's malign implication
that the majority has heretofore
shown itself incapable of electing
good men to office or of choosing fit
candidates reveals either a disordered
brain or a total disregard for truth
The direct primary is all right, re
gardless of denunciations of the Gov
ernor. It will survive regardless of
Democratic machinations.
HUNGARY.
The independent kingdom of Hun
gary has a population of 19,000,000
occupying 125,000 square miles of ter
ritory. The country is a little largar
than Great Britain and Ireland but
not nearly so densely inhabited. The
people are not Aryans. They origin
ally migrated from Asia and belong to
the Ural-Altaic stock. Their great
founder was Arpad, who led his
savage bands of Magyars through
the passes of the Carpathian Moun
tains at the close of the ninth
century and established them in
the region now called Hungary
For the next fifty years the Mag
yars were a menace to Europe
They pushed their marauding expedi
tions in all directions and only turned
to peaceful pursuits after' their great
defeat at Lechneld by the German
Emperor Otto I. No more than thir
teen fugitive Magyars escaped from
that dreadful field and they were sold
into slavery when they went back
home. Thus future Magyar armies
were warned to demean themselves
more valiantly before the foe. While
suffering from the humiliation of this
stunning and richly merited defeat the
Magyars were converted to Christian
ity and, forsaking their savage ways
began to cultivate the arts of civilized
life.
Their first statesmanlike king was
Stephen, who has acquired the title
of saint for his goodness and wisdom.
This king divided Hungary into coun
ties and set up an orderly administra
tion or puDiic artairs. He reigned a
little more than forty years, dying in
1038. The menace to Hungary in Saint
Stephen s time, as it has been ever
since, was the turbulent nobility who
had no respect for law arid sought to
rule the country with unrestrained
savagery. Under Stephen's .regula
tions a class of small nobles, was fos
tered, which had grown strong enough
200 years later to form an alliance
with the throne an,d bring the ancient
aristocracy to their knees. In the year
1222 King Andrew II, aided by the les
ser nobles, enacted the celebrated
Golden Bull, which means to the Mag
yars very much the same at Magna
Charta does to Englishmen. It de
fined their liberties and - gave them
protection of orderly law. But Hun
gary's history under her Golden Bull
bears little resemblance to that of
England under Magna Charta.
Lying in the center of, Europe, ex
posed on the west to the dull but
unintermittent intrigues of the Haps-
burgs and on the east to the aggres
sions of the Turks, the land knew
neither peace nor civilization for many
generations. In the year 1353 the Otto
man Turks crossed the Hellespont on
their invasion of Europe. For the
next 300 years and more their attacks
upon Hungary were incessant. Now
they hung threateningly on the fron
tiers. Now they swept in a devouring
flood over the whole country. The
Magyars were disunited, always more
interested in local quarrels than in
the common defense against the Turk,
and consequently they fell easy victims
to the' ruthless Mohammedan. The
power of the Turks reached its zenith
in 1683, when thay laid siege to Vienna
and would have captured the city had
it not been for the valiant and gifted
John Sobieiski, King of Poland, who
led the armies of Europe against the
invader and finally drove him back to
the Balkan Peninsula.
Foreign -war and internal dissension
had reduced Hungary to such extremi
ties by the year 1547 that it could no
longer maintain its national integrity.
The eountry was partitioned, Austria
receiving a share. This marked the
beginning of the Hapsburgs' hold upon
the land of the Magyars. Their hold
was loosened from time to time, but
it never was shaken off entirely. At
one time Hungary sunk so low that
the Hapsburgs merged it with JJustria
intending to obliterate the Magyar
name utterly. " Naturally this reawak
ened the national spirit and stirred up
struggles which did not cease until
liberty had been regained. But Hun
garian liberty has always been more
or less of an illusion. The nobles
gained rights. The peasantry had none.
During all the time of Magyar history
up to the nineteenth century the com
mon people were harried and oppressed
worse than beasts of burden. In 1514
their miseries drove them to revolt,
with the usual consequences of such
uprisings. The peasants were put
down with merciless slaughter and
their sufferings became worse than
ever. The diet, an assembly-of the
aristocrats, reduced the common peo-J
pie te slavery to punish them for their
rebellion.
If Hungary's history has been an
almost unbroken tale of bloody dis
aster it is largely because the country
has been ruled by a greedy and selfish
oligarchy and the common people have
had no voice in public affairs except
when they asserted themselves by vio
lence. This they did persistently in the
days of the Reformation. That great
religious revolution penetrated Hun
gary from Bohemia. It was the fol
lowers of the murdered John Huss
who taught the reformed religion to
the Magyars, but the new gospel
brought no peace to the land. On the
contrary, it caused dissensions more
bitter than ever. The Jesuits ultimately
won back the Magyars to the older
church and they effected the conver
sion with their usual wisdom. "Con
vert the nobles," they said, "and the
rest will follow suit." It turned out
exactly as they expected. Religious
peace returned when the country be
came .all Catholic. After the settle
ment of Europe in 1815 Hungary was
substantially merged with Austria,
losing even the semblance of self
government. But the Magyars caught
the revolutionary spirit in 184S, like
the rest of Europe, and would have
regained their independence . under
Kossuth's leadership if Russia had
not helped Austria subdue them.
When Austria was humbled by
Prussia in 1866 she found it expedient
to court the good will of the Magyars,
and the Ausgleich, or treaty of sepa
ration, was adopted under -which the
country still lives. Hungary became
Independent in al! domestic affairs.
Her only connection with Austria was
through their common sovereign.
Since that time the Magyars have
fashioned a constitution after the
model of England's and have made
long strides in civilization. Hungary
now enjoys a system of public educa
tion, liberty of conscience and man
hood suffrage. At the outbreak of the
present war it had become one of the
most progressive countries in the
world. What it will be after the con
tending armies have worked their will
upon it time must decide.
The talk from Berlin and Vienna
of victory in Poland simultaneously
with Russian reports of victory five
days old in East Prussia, -while Petro
grad is silent about Poland, creates an
impression that Russia has met with
disaster. So unreliable are "the ' off i
clal war news bureaus that one can
only infer the truth by piecing to
gether scraps of misinformation. War
correspondents are models of veracity
by comparison. Perhaps that is the
ground of objection to their presence
at the front.
Zeppelin airships are introducing a
new kind of sport in Europe. It re
quires good marksmanship to bring
one down, but no better than to hit a
wild goose on the wing. Our forefath
ers who never missed' a mere flying
speck with their rifles would have re
joiced in this latest sport.
1 Portugal is a small country and
her army is comparatively insignifi
cant, but in a -war like this every lit
tle counts. The Portuguese can do
guard duty if nothing else and thus
release other troops for action. Be
sides that, her ports will be useful to
the allies.
The project to establish the county
seat in an airship has been revived in
Cowlitz County, Wash. It can then
be moved about as often as desired at
small expense. The present method
of removal, while an exciting luxury,
is somewhat costly.
i
Klamath County has ceased to pin
faith to agriculture taught from text
books. The new idea is to teach it
by practice with seeds, stock and im
plements. We predict brilliant re
sults from the new method.
The country storekeepers of the
first and second zones out of Port
land "would better mobilize. A mail
order house that had its origin east
of the Missouri is loading the rural
carrier with catalogues just now.
It is a pity that the gum tax is
not to be levied. A woman "yank
ing her Jaws" upon a wad of gum is
not. a beautiful object. The tax might
improve her appearance by diminish
ing the wad.
Russian and Turkish naval squad
rons may clash. But since neither has
a navy and since what little navy eith
er has will not put up much of a
fight, the proposed melee -will count
for little.
Those German guns with a range
of twenty-five miles will almost span
the channel. If they could be mount
ed on dreadnoughts rough days would
be ahead for the British navy.
In making plans for the period fol
lowing the war, the Kaiser is not as
thoughtful as the clever Celt who
laughed before he began to throw the
bull over the fence.
The wildest prophecies of British
military alarmists are now coming
true. Moral: Do not be too certain
that all our own military alarmists
tell us is sheer imagination.
Germany's alleged plans for dis
posal of France equal French plans
for fitting up Devil's Island for a dis
tinguished guest. .
A great many people otherwise
sane hold it unlucky to,' kill a cock
roach; but when they meet the "bird"
in restaurant pie their views undergo
hasty change.
France has been offered peace
terms which -would leave her her
name, a few acres of land to exist
upon, and the blue sky overhead.
Federal champions will be in the
series next year. Recruits from the
other leagues and the Players' Fra
ternity will bring it about.
When Britain orders its women
folk to leave Constantinople, there is
meaning to it. That nation is not
given to hysteria.
Anyway, however and notwith
standing: The West political machine
will be consigned to the junk pile No
vember 3.
Turkey wants help for its people
injured by earthquakes, but does not
think of diverting funds it is spending
for powder.
Holland is growing uneasy. As one
of the small fry in a big military pond
Holland has. much cause to feel un
easy.
This is a momentous year for the
young man casting his first vote, and
none the less for the young woman.
Take your wife and mother and the
maid to the registration booth today
even if you have to use violence.
Register now, or forever hold your
peace .about high taxes and wanton
extravagance in state affairs.
Can Bert Haney ride herd on his
Senatorial master for the next few
weeks with visible effect?
The military pendulum is now
swinging back to the Teuton side of
the clock of time.
Germany contemplates Zeppelin
raids on England. An ancient pipe
dream come true.
Every expert fan can tell why the
Braves won, but -who gives the hum
ble bean credit?
The Belgian government new re
sembles the Belgian hare in many
respects.
The fans are now inclined to- cut
the "nie" off Connie . Mack's front
name.
Do
not depend on
Register today.
extension of
time.
The dogs of war are now on the
scent of Cologne.
The Kaiser will send
after Portugal.
a daschhund
Time for Paris to have a few fresh
chills.
fresent.day cost or living.
Hood River Writer Asks Question and
tiets Asswer,
HOOD RIVER, Or., Oct. 12. (To the
Editor.) In The Oregonian October 7
I did not say anything about wanting
the good old days back when eggs
could be bought for 8 cents per
dozen. I never said anything about
wanting to buy apples at on below
cost. I asked you, if the Democratic
Administration had brought the price
of everything down, why is it that I
have to pay such enormous prices for
things? That is what I want to
know. If you get eggs for less than
30 or 40 cents a dozen why can't I?
If you can get beef for less than from
18 to 25 cents a pound why can't I?
I said I bought eggs under the Re
publican Administration for 8- cents
a dozen. You say I must have bought
them in China That is the first time
I ever knew that China was ever under
the Republican Administration.
I was not kicking about good prices
at all. I merely asked you why I
koil ...... . ; ..... 1 ...!
after the Democratic Administration!
had knocked the prices down so low.
I bought eggs in the little town of
Myrtle Creek. Douglas County, Oregon,
under the Republican Administration,
three and one-half dozen for 25 cents,
less than 30 years ago, and eggs have
been as low as 10 cents a dozen more
than once in the last 50 years.
I think the farmer ought to get good
prices for his produce, but as a gen
eral thing the good prices come after
he gets everything sold. I guess this
year "being a Democratic year," he will
get better prices than he has for a
good many years, and I think the labor
ing man, or the man that has to work
for wages, ought to get enough to live
on. But the higher foodstuff is the
cheaper labor is. Just as sure as food
stuff goes -up there is a cut in wages.
Now I don't want you to make an
other mistake and think that I am pin
ing for the good old days of cheap
articles, but answer me fair and square,
why do I have to pay big prices for
foodstuff when everything is so cheap?
That is what I want to know.
T. J. M'KEAN.
The answer is that Mr. McKean Is
paying less for Oregon eggs, cheese,
butter, poric and veal today than he
did on the corresponding day two years
ago, at which time there was a tariff
protection on Oregon products. If Mr.
McKean is paying as much as he did
two years ago, his dealer is robbing
him, for the prices which Jobbers pay
the producer are lower. This fact can
be ascertained by reference to the files
of any newspaper which publishes mar
ket quotations.
If Mr. McKean desires to save money
on eggs he can find the Chinese prod
uct on sale in Portland at 20 cents
a dozen retail, and people standing in
line to buy who two years ago would
not look at anything but a fresh Ore
gon ranch egg. On inquiry he will find
that in nearly every employment there
has been either reduction in wages or
a reduction in- number of employes.
Many who two years ago could afford
to buy Oregon eggs cannot now afford
the product of the Chinese sewer-fed
hen, let alone Oregon eggs, which are
quoted at 5 to 7 cents lower.
GREAT NEED IS FOR FACTORIES,
Issue Knocks Loader Than Politics or
War Qoestlons,
TOBILAKD, Oct. 14. (To the Edi
tor.) Present-day talk, both public
and private, is rife with politics and
war. Daily each of these absorbing
questions is threshed, sifted, ground
and consumed. What profit do we
get from them?
Just now, as never before, there is i
third subject knocking loudly for ad
mission at our very doors. It is the
question of proper employment for our
unemployed, both men and women.
I was born in this state and have
watched Portland grow from a munici
pal infant to the overgrown city that
sne is today. 1 say overgrown be
cause, when any city has more people
man sne can properly employ, and
consequently, feed and clothe, that city
is overgrown. What we want and
must have, if Portland is to maintain
ana augment her natural opportunl
ties and prestige, is employment for
her present and future population. This
is not. a tneory; it is a condition, a
fact.
We want more manufacturing plants,
many more. . There is capital here to
build and equip them; there are people
here to operate them, and there are
consumers here to purchase and con
sume tne outputs. There Is no more
reason or sense why the great re
sourceful West should annually spend
millions for Eastern-made articles than
tnat tne i-ast should buy from us.
In a recent -visit to the Atlantic
Coast I had occasion to stop in and
study the conditions of many cities
east of the Mississippi. Population
considered, they have from two to ten
times the number of factories that
Portland (and other Pacific Coast
cities) has, and why? I have in mind
one city of about 50,000 people, operat
ing 341 factories, built and. equipped
at an aggregate cost of about $80,000,
000, and employing 16,000 operatives.
Size of that place and Portland com
pared, we should have 265, 000:50, 000::x:
341 equals 1807 plus,, the number of
factories that Portland should have.
How many have we?
Is there any reason, especially with
our open canal and a great prospective
Oriental trade, why we should be buy
ing such enormous quantities of goods
manufactured elsewhere, that could
and should be produced hi grit here?
Will not. lor example, shoe manufac
turing machinery produce as good an
article when running in Portland, Or.
as when revolving in Lynn, Mass.? If
not, why not?. C. LOUIS BARZEE.
Origin of War Dispatches.
PORTLAND, Or.. Oct. 14. (To the
Editor.) In this morning's paper I
find the news of the $100,000,000 levy
imposed by the Germans on the City of
Antwerp after its. capture. This item is
just introduced by the words, "London,
Oct. 12."
May I ask you to let me know
from which source this news comes?
I see that the other war news on the
same page all bears a mark of origin,
such as: "A dispatch of Reuter's Tele
graph Company from Amsterdam says,
or "The Hague correspondent of the
Exchange Telegraph Company says,'
etc.
Perhaps a similar introduction of
the news mentioned was left out by a
mistaae. ana as l. with some friends.
am really interested to know who Is
responsible for the same, will you
please do me the favor to inform me?
READER.
The interlineations quoted are "credit
lines" published by the Associated
Press as a mark of courtesy to other
newsgatnering agencies. When no
credit line appears it Is indicated that
the Associated Press has obtained the
news through the efforts of its own
staff or affiliated newspapers. . The
Oregonian has no information on the
subject other than that published.
Psisle ia Registration.
PORTLAND. Oct. 14. (To the Edi
tor.) When the cord is pulled the
streetcar fare registers show a sign
with red letters "Not Registered." I
watched it awhile the other morning,
then asked the conductor how he knew
all those people hadn't registered; he
is still wondering what I was talkina
about. A. T.
N. Nitts on Posts
By Dess Collins.
Nesclus Nitts, sage of Punkindorf Sta
tion.
With nicotine, done into nice liquida
tion.
Suspended completely an ant's anima
tion '
By a single jet, aimed after fine cal
culation
Then spoke upon duty, its poets and its
station.
I see by the papers, that George has
announced
That rocks from their bases could
sooner be bounced
Than he from the post of his duty,
whereat
mo reckons he'll stick till he goes to
tne mat.
Declarin' he never will be a Tenisrsrer
While still he has courage, persistence
aim vigor.
d 1'ew""e 1 ees by them papers
today,
That George
way
is a-makin" percipitate
Toward Oregon's amnle arena iln
Right now at the height of the 'lection
campaign;
Which makes me to doubt and to won
der almost
Just, where he has figgered they stuck
up mat post.
I 'lows that the country can struggle
along
Somehow though perhaps it won't get
on so strong
In spite of his leavin' from Washing
ton now.
But still, one would shore like to know
vrtn-li n ...
If this post he's mentioned, so war
. and intense.
Aint a post in some sort of political
CURRENT -WAR EVENTS IN SCHOOL
Writer Believes Discussion of Them la
Singularly Inappropriate.
brlhlKIDAN. Or.. Oct. 10. (To tho
Editor.) Perusing your report of Dr.
John H. Boyd's Sunday sermon. "Peace
on una s x srms, I beg to take issue
with this cultured and accomplished
orator. His advocacy of telling the
children of our public schools of the
present war, in order to educate them
to a realisation of its terrlbleness,
thereby creating a feeling of abhor
rence of it forever, is a nice and charit-
aDie theory. That is all. To obtain
this object, he wishes the teacher to
portray to these young minds, still in
the embryo stage of development, in
vivid colors the carnage, the destruc
tiveness of battle, the gruesome, ghast
ly scenes following in its wake. There
is little doubt about the lmpractica-
unity oi mis course, but there is no
question about the impropriety of it.
The course adopted by the School
uoara. therefore, in prohibiting dis
cussions or the present war, is emi
nently logical and should be absolutely
aanerea to, even to the point of refus
ing to lecturers on this subject the
jodlum of our nublic schools.
Lectures held in oublic schools should
be only of positive knowledge and not
De ot a speculative nature. To listen
to a-lecturer gifted with a true crit
ical, philosophical and impartial mind
is educational and broadening, and the
general public should welcome them
more than they do, but not all possess
the analytical mind of a Bernard Shaw,
but rather too often incline toward the
rabid utterances of a Kipling or to the
arrogant vaporises of a Hall Caine.
We have a vast number of foreign
born In our boundaries. With the
acquirement of the United States cit
zensnip papers, the forswearing of
allegiance to the land of their-birth,
no man nor woman can cut the ties
binding them to their mother and father
still dwelling in the old home, nor
sweep their mind and memory clean of
me innocent ana happy days of child
hood. A detestable creature otherwise
indeed it would be, and unfit to be a
citizen of the United States. To im
agine a teacher of foreign descent, per
haps even born on the old country's
soil, telling children also of foreign
lineage of the war now engulfing all
Europe and in which perhaps their
nearest kin are participating, is an in
congruity to say the least. And what
can a teacher tell the children? Noth
ing but hearsay. Reports of today are
recalled tomorrow. The children have
been taught and told that every word
their teacher tells them is truth, abso
lute, positive truth. It must be so; it
is the basis of a young child's educa
tion. At the present stage of the war the
Germans are occupying the enemy's
country. What wonder, then, that
they have to bear the brunt of odium
at present? How then could the teacher
prevent creating a feeling of -hatred
toward them and their descendants? It
is the business of a teacher to sup
press and not to Inoculate hate in a
child's soul. The archives of the coun
tries at war are closed, and will be so
for years. Until they are opened for
the research of the historian, we shall
not know; we can only conjecture.
Meanwhile let the teachers tell the
children of the blessings of peace and
engrave on the growing generation
the gospel of kinness to all, no matter
in which country their cradle mav
have stood. Brighten the sunshine of
life, the childhood, and not darken it
with sordid tales of horror. Keep the
war out of the public schools of the
United States. FRED TOPKEN.
TAXED FOR. BENEFITS RECEIVED.
That Is Why Each Should Pay His
Due Proportion.
PORTLAND, Oct. 14 (To the Edi
tor.) The obligation to Dav an pnnal
and uniform rate of taxation to the
Government for Its protection of one's
life and property is as sacred as anv
other obligation we have.
Our Government has now existed so
long, and its rule has been so benefi
cent, that we do not realize the dan
ger we would be In if it were for any
reason to become weak and ineffec
tive. The only way to sustain it and
avoid the calamities of misrule or no
ruie is Dy me payment of taxes.
To enjoy the blessings of a strnna-
and efficient government and refuse
to pay one's due proportion of taxes
to sustain it is a species of renudia-
tion. Lives of the citizens and evxrv
kind of property need and receive pro-
Lciiun, uui personal property more
than land.
I am, then, surprised that the Jour
nal states that "workingmen are all In
favor of home tax exemption meas
ure" of 11500 (or J3000, when owned
by man and wife).
Are all the laboring -men and wom
en ready to commit this act of re
pudiation of a sacred obligation? Are
they willing to live here and enjoy
the protection of the Government
without paying their Just share of the
burden? Are they, then, willing to
be shirkers in the community?
There is now a law sassed bv the
initiative that all household goods are
exempt from taxation. Mr. U'Rren and
his associates say. in the Voter's Pam
phlet, that the $1500 exemption amend
ment will repeal this law. Then there
would be no exemption for anyone
who does not own his dwelling-house.
Many workingmen are tenants. Will
they be foolish enough to vote for the I
150J (or $3000) exemption?
one writer says that he has some
lots assessed at $1325 and improvements
at $870. Does he not know that there
are many thousands of houses in the
city on less land than he has on which
the owners will get from $1500 to $3000
exemption, and can he not see that
when millions of dollars in these ex
emptions are allowed, the taxes on his
lots will be increased from 30 per
cent to SO per cent, and the increase
will much exceed his exemption?
Twenty-Five Years Ago
From The Oregonian, October 15. 1S89.
Portland should have a gymnasium
equal to that of the Olympio Club in
San Francisco, where the youth have
advantages for the promotion of health
and physical development.
Henry Oeorcre in the North American
Review has given his opinion as to the
lesson of the great strikes recently in
cluding the Haymarket disturbance in
Chicago, the strike in the Illinois coal
fields, the strike of the Southwestern
Railroad and of the Pittsburg riots.
The steamer Etruria. called, the
Greyhound of the Atlantic, has made
the trip from Queenstown to New York
in 6 days, 5 hours and 4 4 minutes.
Booth and Modjeska win appear in
New York tomorrow night in "Riche
lieu" and Joseph Jefferson will appear
in "The Rivals."
David E. Dunbar and Eva VersteefT
were married at the residence of the
bride's parents. Eighteenth and T
streets. Monday evening. Rev. Arthur
J. Brown, of the First Presbyterian
Church, officiating.
One of the foremost events of the
week in a social way was the reception
of Mrs. C. H. Lewis to Miss Carrie Ladd.
who will be married this coming Thurs
day to F. B. Pratt.
William H. Sherwood, the great
American pianist, in a private letter
has said: "Miss Blanche Hersey. of
Portland. Or., is qualified to become a
musician and pianist of the first rank.
Her musical talents and her genius for
artistry and brilliant piano playinir are
superb. She has been an intelligent
and enthusiastic student with me for
two years in New York."
Miss Gertrude Pennoyer, daughter of
the Governor of Oregon, and George
Fish Russell, until recently paymaster
of the O. R. & N. Company, were mar
ried last Friday afternoon at 4 o'clock
at Trinity Church.
Mrs. Alice Hessian, of Salem, and W.
H. Sherringhousen were married last
week at the home of the bridegroom's
brother-in-law. B. W. Fisher, on
Seventh street.
James Thorburn Ross and his bride,
who was Miss Lindsley, have returned
from their bridal tour.
Berlin Bismarck is trying to explain
to the Czar of Russia that the European
peace alliance is non-aggressive and
that it is directed toward the realiza
tion of the objects of the Berlin treaty.
He has tried to convince the Russian
ruler that all the great powers except
France see in it a stroke to prevent or
shorten any European conflict. "
Colonel T. E. Hogg, president of the
Oregon Pacific Railway. has Just
bought about $150,000 worth of real es
tate, including the Santiam canal, city
water works, franchise of the Magnolia
Flouring Mills and city real estate at
Albany.
Half a Century' Ago.
From The Oregonian of October 15. 1S64.
The Indians have never disturbed the
Overland Telegraph line, although they
nave plundered, murdered and burned
at several points along the line. They
regard the -wire as a breathing spirit
of the Almighty, and are filled with
superstitious awe over its perfor
mances. Mr. Creighton, as superin
tendent of the line, deserves credit for
teaching the Indians the power of the
Telegraph. He had operators talk for
them over the wire between two prom
inent chiefs, for more than an hour.
The chiefs spoke of thinsrs thev onlv
could understand between them, but
iney sin were incredulous. At last
Creighton arranged for them to start.
Dy agreement made over the wire, to
meet at a common point, which they
did and were convinced. The Indians
never have molested the wire as a re
sult. B. M. DuRell. agent for Ben Holla-
day & Co.'s overland stage at Boise,
laano, called upon us last evening.
The stage, he says, is now making con.
nectlons direct from Walla Walla
through to Atchison in 18 days time.
By arrangements with Geortre Thomas
& Company passengers are taken from
tsoise to walla Walla for $40: thence
to Atchison for $225 each. Each pas
senger is allowed 25 pounds of bag
gage, ail over that weight going at
$1.50 a pound extra.
Two thousand persons have each
week made the ascent of Mount Wash
ington of late The Boston Transcript
says many of the people stay at the
summit all night to witness the sun
set and the glorious sunrises.
Salem Representative Otey has pre
sented a petition praying for the divi
sion of Douglas County.
A memorial setting forth that the O. S.
N. Company possesses a monopoly in
jurious to the public has been referred
to the committee on commerce. A bill
to change the boundaries of Josephine
County was discussed by members of
Josephine and Jackson Counties in the
Senate, but nothing was decided.
N. Wertneimer. who has removed his
business from Portland to Walla
Walla, has given public notice that S.
Waterman is his authorized agent
here, and will be located at First and
Alder streets.
Shubrick Norris has called a meet
ing of the Multnomah Jockey Club, to
be held at the Council rooms tonight.
The meeting is called by request of the
old members.
A move is under way to increase the
pay of the Chief of the Fire Depart
ment from $300 to $1003 per annum.
Joseph Buchtel, the incumbent, had
made it known to his friends and oth
ers that he will not accept the re
election because, the time required is
too much for the small pay of $300 a
year which we all admit. No more
creditable . act could have been done
than to increase the pay of the office
and retain a man fit for the position.
as is Mr. uucntei.
Hon. J. R. McBride and Hon. B. F.
Harding are to leave soon for the
National Capital.
The Dancing Frock
The problem of the dancing frock
arose when the remarkable craze for
dancing swept over the country like
a prairie fire.
The narrow skirt worn, to the ex
clusion of anything else, .last Fall
and Winter, proved to be unsatis
factory when the tango and maxixe
became popular, as it had an un
comfortable way of confining the
feet and making dancing tiresome,
or else it split after a first or
second wearing.
This season builders of gowns
decided that the narrow skirt for
dancing was impractical. So the
dancing frocks for this year are
wide at the bottom.
Thus the accordion pleated skirt
in fine voiles, chiffons and soft silks
has come into immediate vogue,
and this style of skirt is sure to
have instant favor, because It gives
ease to the dancer: it clings to the
figure and can. therefore, be worn
by the inclined-to-be-large woman:
and because it is at once graceful
and beautiful.
Advertising in The Oregonian is
the great style book of this com
munity. To follow it closely each
day is to get a daily bulletin of the
ever-changing fashion.
E. Jr. RILEY,.