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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 12, 1914)
2. THE MORNING OEEGONUN, MOXDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1914. PERMANENT FORTS ABE PROVED FUTILE French Officer; Drawing Les son From Antwerp, Favors Quickly-Built Work- ARMY IS REAL SAFEGUARD liclligcrents Kind Care of Refugees Increasingly Difficult Town to Hold 25,000 Galicians Planned in Bohemia. PARIS. Ott. 11. The military con sequences of the fall, of Antwerp are not as great as the lesson, to be learned there of the futility of permanent fort ifications. This opinion is expressed by Lieutenant-Colonel Rousset, who says It will be necessary to abandon entirely this sort of defense and replace it with rude works of easy and quick 'construction, which can be placed any where, according to the need of the hour. Then, he says, shells, because of the absence of resistance, would cause only small damage. Never, he says, has a country been saved by its fortifica tions, ' while ' there are those whose fortresses have been their ruin. Army Is Only Safeguard. Colonel Rousset continues: "To speak only of that which con cerns us, it is permissible to affirm that -if Metz had been in 1870 an open city, Bazaine .would not have sent forth from there his magnificent army, for the subsequent loss of which he was con demned to' death and did actually suffer imprisonment. "Belgium believed itself protected by its 'triple" barrier of Liege, Namur and Antwerp. Alas! It was not. No more are we with Maubeuge or the Aus trlans with Lemberg and Przemysl. "The real safeguard of a nation is an effective military force that can stay an army of invasion." Refugees Are Difficult Problem. The observations of Colonel Rousset, which are published today. have aroused -especial interest, in view of the possibility of heavy siege opera tions later in the campaign. The question of caring for refugees is becoming more difficult for all the belligerents. Those from Galicia are so numerous in Bohemia that it has been Anally decided, it is said, to build a town to hold 25,000 temporary in habitants. This town will be on the banks of the Kibe near Chotzen. In France the problem is serious. The French Minister of the Interior, Louis J. Malvy, announces that, nearly 1.000,000 refugees from Belgium and the .North of France are now -harbored in different parts of this country. All, however, will be cared for. Number In Hungary Increaiilnff- In Hungary the number of refugees from the Carpathians is increasing daily. Already there are 45,000, it is reported, in Budapest alone. They are being supported by . the state. All the French and Irish Catholic ecclesiastics taken prisoners are re ceiving special treatment, according to the Prussian Minister at Rome, who has notified the Vatican that these prisoners have separate quarters! where they can freely exercise their religious functions. BKKLIX DEEPLY IMPRESSED Taking or City Without Investing It Regarded as Unparalleled. BERLIN, via London. Oct. 11. The taking of Antwerp has made the deep est impression here, because it was considered one of the strongest fortifi cations in Europe. For the first time in several weeks flags are flying, on public edifices and other bulldfngs. That one of the most modern fortresses should be taken in 11 days is considered without parallel in war his tory, and especially since it was not necessary to invest Antwerp. Military experts assert that the experience at this city marks a new era In. military operations as related to fortified posi tions. The impression has been height enod because of the efforts of the British to relieve the city with troops and heavy marine artillery, and the assertion of the French press that Antwerp was irreducible, which was the prevailing belief, even in Germany. It is generally believed that the fate of Antwerp will have an invaluable effect. It Is known here that the German heavy artillery, which was used in the bombardment of Antwerp, already has been started off for an unknown des tination in France. ROGUE RIVER WANTS DITCH Med ford Fruitgrowers Discuss Proj K ect Costing $2,000,000. MEDFORD, Or., Oct. 11. (Special.) Steps toward securing irrigation in the Rogue River Valley entailing the ex penditure of over $3,000,000 will be taken by the Fruit Growers League, the Rogue Land Canal Company agreeing to furnish water for 55.000 acres provided the necessary number of contracts can be procured, upon a 20-year contract. A campaign among the land owners will be started next week. THe Rogue Land Company is owned by Pat Welsh, R. K, Neal and other .Spokane capitalists. The dryest Sum mer in the history of the Rogue River alley is giving impetus to the move ment. 600,000 PEOPLE FLEEING (Continued From First Page-) iownsti-eam, loaded with human freight. "At dusk, by the light of burning oil tanks, the civic guard sank six lighters, so as to block the entrance to the inner basin of the docks. In the city the Belgians started many fires purposely, burning materials likely to e serviceable to the enemy. "Some of the heaviest firing I heard during the entire bombardment of Ant werp occurred Thursday night. Equally terrible was that Friday morning. The Belgians continued blowing up forts and buildings likely to be serviceable to the enemy. A heavy pall of smoke obscured the sky. City Not Burned. "I left Antwerp Friday. The report that the city has been burned is un true, probably being due to the im pression created by the smoke from numerous isolated fires in various parts of the city. "The German entry to Antwerp was ouite profitless, as no stores of muni tions of any importance were left there. The Belgian forces, whose movements it is not permitted to dis close, still are full of light. In fact, the German entry into Antwerp may prove disadvantageous to the Germans." MAP SHOWING TERRITORY INVADF3 ND NOW OCCUPIED BY GERMANS. : S7 $ J xzaKVo S A.,V sOs"v 5-isMf jCfeT'4" VSOi. jVLs'3iSv 0&iex JgjWg SMALL DOTTED PORTION SHOWS FRESCH TERRITORY HELD BV IXVAD KRS-SHADED PORTIOJV SHOWS BEL- . ' GIAN AND LUXEMBURG TERRITORY SO HELD. PARIS BOMB TARGET Cathedral of Notre Dame Is One Point of Attack. 3 CIVILIANS ARE KILLED Fourteen Others Are Wounded When German Aviators Drop Score of Missiles on City rProperty Damage Is Small. PARIS. Oct. 11. A score of bombs. launched on different quarters of Paris by two German aviators today, killed three civilians and wounded 14 others. The damage done to property was small. The airmen appeared soon after noon. One began the attack by dropping a bomb near the Northern , Railway terminal, another in Rue St. Lazare and a third, which landed at the rear of the Cathedral of Notre Dame. Three more, bombs were hurled by the same airman in the vicinity of the Bourse. A house was set on fire, but the loss was not great. - One of these missiles struck within 100 yards of an office occupied by American newspapermen. The second aeroplane also flew over the Cathedral, dropping four bombs, one of which lighted on the roof of the church, but failed to explode. A second fell in the square, where the, biBhop's residence is situated. A third struck the parapet of the Quai de Bourbon and glanced off into the Seine. The fourth disappeared in the Seine near the bridge of. Notre Dame. The second Taube appeared to aim at the cathedral, while the other ma chine attempted to hit the Northern and St. Laraze stations. Altogether 20 bombs fell. The Ger mans flew at a low altitude. After they apparently had exhausted their eupply of missiles. French aeroplanes ascended and pursued them toward the east. LONDON, Oct. 12. According to a late report of the aeroplane attack on Paris Sunday, a bomb dropped on Notre Dame Cathedral exploded and set fire to a beam in the roof. TOURISTS GET BAGGAGE Fitful Consignment Abandoned in Flight Keaches Xew Vork. NEW YORK, Oct. 11. The tlnal con signment of baggage abandoned by thousands of Americans in their haste to leave Germany on the outbreak of the war, has just arrived in this coun try and is being held here awaiting identification by the owners. Five carloads, comprising 1500 pieces of baggage, which were forwarded from Rotterdam, are now in the hands of its owners. The American embassy in Ber lin has assisted in sending baggage to Americans who departed hurriedly for their native land. LAMENT OF CZOROWFtL CZUCK BY DEAN COLLINS. I weep for Przemsyl's fate. For Przemysl, fair and great; The city, dear to- all of us, Beleaguered by the dreadful Russ, And I maintain. For grief and pain. Few wails more pitiful than thia'll Be wailed for lovely Przemsyl. Lament and make a mournful row. Ye men of Stryj and Rzeszow; Let nearby Rawaruska hear, ' And Brgezany shed a tear; Let Jaroslow Bear witness how The dogs of war do bark and bristle About the forts of Przemysl. All Hungary bears bitter dole, From Cracow clear to Tarnopol; Drohobycz the sorrow hits. And likewise Betz and Czernowltz; But harder for This cruel war Is torn the heart and soul and gristle Of lovely, lovely Przemysl. Harsh fate, you strike with heavy hand And desolation rends the land; Where stood fair towns with tower and moat Today one could not keep a goat. And soon war's waste Will have erased And given to the weed and thistle The lovely town of Przemysl. So still I weep about the fate Of Przemysl, fair and great; The city of my old delight ' Is given to the Muscovite; I weep for her, And, as it were. Bewail the mournful bullets' whistle, And the lost vowels of Przemysl. To All Merchants: YOU are invited to join in a National business boosting plan known as Newspaper Window Display Week. Next week, October 19-24, is the time and every mer chant is urged to be ready for the great demonstration. Make a list of all the articles in your store that are advertised by the manufacturers in this -and other good newspapers. - Put these .articles in your windows next week. This is a good time to reach out after more business. " , The window -display plan will be a business getter. It will bring customers who read of these stand ard articles in newspaper advertisements into your store to buy them. . It will encourage manufacturers who do not advertise their products for your benefit to use newspaper space to' create popular demand for the goods you sell. Any time a man or woman comes into your store to ask for an article advertised in news papers you. have "an opportunity to make a per manent patron. . . It means money in the cash register to join in the window display movement. Beginning Next Monday See That Your Windows Are Alive With the Products of National Distribution Advertised by the Makers in These Columns IS SLIGHT Rheims Cathedral Can Be Re stored, Says Englishman. CANNONADE AID TO ART Clcurant'e or Unsightly Mouses in Vicinity Regarded as Slaking Better View of Structure! Stately Beauty Possible. LONDON, Oct. 11. Frank Hedges Butler, a prominent English merchant, who is well known in America as a follower of aeronautics, .returned to London Saturday night after a fort night spent in Rheims. In a state ment regarding the effect of the Ger man bombardment of that city, he said : "The Rheims Cathedral was not se riously damaged by the bombardment, in six months - people will not know, by its appearance, that it has been un aer fire. From the pofnt of view -of art, the cannonading was almost a blessing, for the old houses in the neighborhood have been so badly dam aged that it is unlikely they will be rebuilt. This will result in a clearance around the cathedral which will en able visitors to get an adequate view of its beauties. "The walls, towers, windows and. pic tures are all intact. The wooden roof was burned, but the main roof is of stone two feet in -thickness and it is undamaged. The wooden roof was in tended merely as a shelter against the weather and its loss is unimportant. The exterior of the cathedral suffered in only one place where two of the carved figures were severely chipped. They form part of the elaborate group of the Last Judgment. "After the bombardment began, the entire population of the city fled to cellars which were soon made almost uninhabitable by hordes of rats. In the cellars of a big champagne firm there were 4000 refugees. "While I was in Rheims. every day staff officers, including Prince Arthur, of Connaught, came into town from the firing line." DAMAGE WRITERS BECOME PRISONERS OF WAR Pretense They Are "Guests' No Longer Maintained by German Captors. VIGILANT WATCH IS KEPT ; McCutcheon isolates Further Expe riences Connected With Effort to Reach Scene of Great Combat in Europe. BY JOHN T. M'CUTCHEOX. (Copyright. 1914. by. John Tv. McCutcheon. Published by arrangement with the Chi cago Tribune.) A1X-LA-CHAPELLB. Sept. 15. The evening of my first day in the cafe, of which I wrote in the letter preceding this, a young non-commissioned ofticer was put in charge, of us. He had been wounded and was carrying his right arm in a sling. In this condition he had walked 35 kilometers, and was de tailed to light duty in Beaumont. I don't know what his instructions were, but he startled us somewhat by announcing that we were-prisoners. He made no pretense that we were guests, temporarily detained, and his attitude at tirst was that of an ofticer to whom has been intrusted the grave responsi bility of watching a band of dangerous spies. He was a good fellow at heart, how ever, and before we saw the last of him he had become most companionable, as well as solicitous for our comfort. We had nothing to eat, so he went out and got us some rye bread. Also he pur sued his search still further and came in with several bottles of wine. Food Scarce, Wine Is Plenty. ' Food was scarce, but of wine there was an abundance. Twenty thousand bottles of rare old wine had been found in the Prince de Caraman Chlmay's cel lars, and some of this had been com mandeered by the soldiers. For dinner we had rye bread and old Bordeaux, probably worth many dollars a bottle. That night, thanks to our new "keeper," we had splendid beds on the half dozen mattresses which were arranged on the floor of the cafe. The suspected spies in the guardroom, which was overcrowded with French and Bel gian prisoners, were brought in and added to our party. The Congo negro was left in the guardhouse. We slept with our clothes on. as we had done in the schoolhouse the night before, and as we were to do for several nights following. Two soldiers were stretched out near the front doort one soldier sat up all night with his rifle, and the young non commissioned ofticer was in and out frequently during the night. That the light on the bar should not shine in our eyes, he propped up some pieces of cardboard as screens, and be fore we went to sleep we heard him talking to the soldiers. "My children," he said (he was only about 26), "you must behave well, like German soldiers. You must not drink too much, for if you get drunk, no mat ter how much I like you, I will have you sent to prison for seven years." Seven years' imprisonment is the Ger man penalty for drunkenness while on duty. The next morning we had rye bread and rare old wine. There was no coffee to be had, nor was there chocolate. From the' front room, or bar, we moved back into the living-room that opened on the courtyard with its little glass covered "conservatory" of flowers. - Eagerly we awaited bulletins as to .what was to be done with us, but no news came. The officers were busy with more urgent matters and we were left to wait until there was time to con sider us. Good News Come mm Dcsiicrt Our dinner was quite memorable that night. The non-commissioned ofllcer, who seemed to have a genius for find ing things to eat. camo in with two chickens and some eggs which, added to our wine and rye bread, made a banquet such as Kings might envy. For dessert we had the information that we were to be ready to leave in two hours. We were ready in a minute, having nothings to- pack but our two loaves of bread: and the jar of honey. It was not known definitely where we were to be taken, but we might go to Brussels by the way of Liege. While we were waiting three or four young Belgians came into the cafe. They were nearly dead from exposure, for they had probably been hiding out for two or three days and were chilled to the bone. One of them was so weak he could barely stand, and a German soldier was trying to give him some brandy to brace him up. It was pathetic to see the physical weakness of the poor Bel gian, but it was gratifying to see his enemy, the German, trying to help him. At 9 o'clock in the evening an officer came and told us we were to march to the railway" station with a column of English and'French prisoners. We were not to march in with the prisoners, but were to walk along on the side, between the German guards, and if there was a break for liberty, we were to shout a warning. , i Prisoners Assembled in Sqaare. The scene in the square at Beaumont when the prisoners were assembled was one of the most striking I have ever seen. The square was dark, except for the strong lights of'some army automo biles. Except for the limited area illu minated by the glare of these lights, the figures were shadowy and indis tinct. There were three English officers and about gO English soldiers, one French ofllcer and 150 French' soldiers, some of whom were" Algerians, in their strange soldier garb; eight Belgians and our own party of one' Frenchman, -one Bel gian and six Americans. The French prisoners were massed together, and the English were assem bled behind them. In the dim light of the darkened plaza the German officer. Lieutenant Mittendorf er, spoke a few words to the young French ofllcer, who repeated them in French to his country men. He asked that they do nothing that would bring discredit; that they commit no overt act, and that they make no effort to escape. They were adjured to conduct themselves with: calmness and dignity. Doubtless the same instructions were given to the English, prisoners, al though 1 did not hear them given. Crowd of Captives Silent. The crowd of prisoners was silent. There was no talking as the German officers formed them into lines. The French prisoners looked rather motley, partly because of their absurd uni forms and partly because they had probably had no opportunity to clean up for some time. The English uniforms were appro priate and soldierly-looking, but the majority of the men were undersized and far from smart looking. They looked like recruits from the docks and the east end of London. As they were being formed in line one of them, a thorough type of an East-Ender, mut tered as he stood by me: . "Just wite UU England." ears 'ow we've been treated! Nothink to eat. nothink to drink! This bloody country! These He was very angry, but he pitched his voice in a key just low enough so that the German guard did not hear him. If England ever hears how he was treated he will have to speak louder than he did that night. , The English soldiers did not seem to be well driiled. When a German officer called out in English, "Form in fours," there was no movement. Again the officer repeated the order, but without effect. The men stood as if they did not know what the order meant. "I can't give you an invitation r shouted the German, and then the Eng lish soldiers seemed to grasp his mean ing and hastily formed in fours. . March Throncch Streets Begins. We were marched in one long column through the dark streets. Before me I could see the guard whose footsteps I was so closely trailing. To one side was the mass of moving men, and in the night air was the heavy tramp of marching soldiers. , In the darkness one' could not dis tinguish 'friend or foe. So Indistinct was every figure that uniforms blended together in one deep tone of black, and it was only where a bayonet rose against the sky that one could mark a German. Had there been an attempt to escape the guards could never have known whom to shoot. As we passed lighted doors where other German soldiers were standing we beard the words. bnglandera and "spions." and knew i that our identity was again being mistaken. At the station, a mile away, there were great acetylene lights burning, lights supplied by the Germans to take the place of electric lights. It was an other illustration of the thoroughness of German preparation. Nothing seemed to have been overlooked. The private soldiers English. Bel glan, French and Algerian or Turcos, as they are called were loaded on to box cars, while their officers and our party were put in a second-class coach half filled with wounded Germans.. We pulled down our curtains, as the officers warned us that the train prob-1 ably would be fired on within an hour out of town. At midnight the train got under way and we thought that at last we were bound for Brussels. Reports of Fighting; Come In. From the soldiers who came in from the front we got reports of steady fighting in which the Germans were al ways advancing. Already the Germans had reached u Quentin, many miles down in France. One officer,- who spoke English well, told of his experiences. " ' "We can't get the enemv to make a stand. For four days we have met them in force, and each day we have said, 'At last they are going to fight.' and have gotten ready for a great bat tle, cut wnen we advance they re treat. They won't stand. Four times we have made ready for battle and four times they have retreated with out making serious resistance." He seemed disappointed that the enemy would not stand up and fight. Other soldiers came in and reported the steady advance of the Germans. Rumor About America Heard. When the soldiers found that we were Americans, they eagerly asked what America was to do. All through the army had run a story that America was going to help the Germans be cause the Japanese had taken the other side. During the two or three days previous we had been asked doz ens of times whether this report were true. Of course, we could neither deny it nor confirm it, as we had not had any news from America for a long time. The outside world was a complete blank to us. America might be at war for all we knew, although, of course, it seemed highly improbable, unless some unexpected developments had arisen in the Far East. Toward noon one of our party, un der escort, was Bent out to see if any rood could be secured. He came back with a box of cigars, some onions, a The record of policy No. 12,058 issued in 1862 by the NEW ENGLAND MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY for $5000.00 on the Ordinary Life plan. Total premium paid. ., $4911.36' Present cash surrender value . . . 6769.52 Present value as a death claim 9117.00' HORACE MECKLEM, General Agent 330-331 Northwestern Bank Building THE SHORTEST ' ROUTE" BETWEEN PORTLAND AND SPOKANE is via the NEW AYER SHORT LINE of OREGON-WASHINGTON RAILROAD & NAVIGATION CO Superior service daily between Union Depot, Portland and new O-W. B. & N. Passenger Terminal in the heart of Spokane Leave Portland 8:00 P. M. Arrive Spokane 7:55 A. M. Leave Spokane 8:30 P. M. Arrive Portland 7:20 A. M. Tickets, reservations and full infor mation upon application to: CITY TICKET OFFICE, Third and Washington Streets, - Marshall 4500, A 612L BEER IS NOT ALCOHOL Beer is the combined extract of malt and hops Malt builds up tissue Hops is an invigorating tonic. Beer contains natural carbonic acid gas, which gives it sparkling effervescence. Beer contains Sfa to 4 per cent of alcohol developed " by natural fermentation, just enough to pre- serve it. Phones: Main 72, A 1172 Henry Weinhard Brewery Portland, Oregon Programme ' for Today. Special Feature FALSE GODS In Two Parts A Society and Political Drama INTO THE DEPTHS Kalem Drama Comedy THE GILDED KID He Has So Much Money No body Takes Him Seriously. New Programme Daily. ADMISSION 5 CENTS. Sundays 10 Cents. WHY GOOD BLOOD IS RED Why ar'e we continually being1 told that good blood must be bright red? What has color to do with the quality? Just this. The oxygen in the air is the great supporter of animal life. One business of the blood is to take oxygen from the air (which it meets ir the lungs) and deliver it to the tissues of the body. When the blood, filled with life-sustaining oxygen, is sent out by the heart it is bright red. When it returns, gll!ed with impurities and de prived of its oxygen, it is dirk. From this it is clear that there are two prime requisites of health, puro air and bright red blood the pure air to furnish the oxygen, the rich blood to' carry It where it is needed. Dr. Williams' Pink Pills make the. blood rich and red because they in crease . its power to carry oxygen, actually making it so much more able to carry increased life and strength to every organ of the body. Try these tonic pills and note the increased color in cheeks and lips; see how your nerves become steadier, your appetite better, your digestion stronger, your step quicker, your troubles lighter. "Building Up the Blood" is a handy little book to have. It is free on re quest from the Dr. Williams Medicine Co., Schenectady, N. Y. Tour own druggist sells Dr. Williams' Pink Pills. can of apricots, a jar of honey and a few potatoes. Lieutenant Mittendorfer came in with four loaves of heavy bread, a circum stance which seemed ominous. It pre saged a long stay. Otherwise, why the great amount of bread. The landlady made a stew, or sort of soup, with the potatoes and onions, and for the first time in two days we had something hot. Jt6thing in the world ever tasted so good as that thick, heavy soup, and life began to assume a rosier aspect immediately afterward. If anybody ever wants to enjoy a meal let him live on rye bread for two days and then be introduced to a plate of hot, thick soup composed of onions and potatoes. Of course, we had wine, thanks to tne proximity of Prince de Caraman Chlmay's celebrated cellar.