6
THE MORNIXG OREGOXIAS. SATURDAY. OCTOBER 10. 1914.
POBILAND, OREGON.
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PORTLAND, SATURDAY, OCT., 10, 19X4.
Antwerp is a city of not less thana
half-million people. Situated iifty miles
from the mouth of the Scheldt at a
point Where the river is more than
two thousand feet broad and fifty feet
deep at the quays along the bank, it
has admirable facilities for maritime
' commerce. Twenty-five miles to the
south lies Brussels, the capital of Bel
gium, now in possession of the invad
ing Germans. Seventy-five miles to
the north lies Amsterdam, the metrop
olis of Holland, on the Zuyder Zee.
Half 'way between the two great cities
the sluggish Rhine flows on its way to
the North Sea, which it reaches
through a maze of islands. The coun
try around Antwerp was in ancient
times a forest where the original bar
barous inhabitants found abundant
game for their gargantuan feasts. The
foundation of the city antedates
recorded history. In the year 837 it
was spoken of by an annalist as al
ready "old and famous." Before the
days of the Norman plunderers the
city was converted to Christianity by
St. Armand and its local reformer,
Tankelm, preached his heresies long
before John' Wycliffe kindled the
evangelistic fires in England that
were .to spread all over Europe.
The city's commercial prosperity
- dates from the year 1290, when it ob
tained an act which made citizens se
cure in their houses and persons. In
that age of violence and-vdtsorder this
. was a great attraction for merchants.
They began to settle in Antwerp and
soon extended its financial influence
to all parts of Europe. In particular
it became the great port of continent
al, entry for English wool which was
thence distributed to the manufactur
ing cities of 'Belgium and Germany.
England had at that early time no
manufactures of her own. She grew
the wool, exported it and bought cloth
f"r domestic wear in foreign coun
tries. The great cathedral of Ant
werp was begun in the year 1352 while
Gothic architecture was still in its full
splendor. Originally two towers were
planned, but money grew scarce in
the course- of the two hundred years
during which the building continued
and only one was finally completed.
The carving on the stonework of the
oiver is as delicate as lacework. The
chime of ninety-nine bells which plays
all sorts of music, sacred and secular,
to delight the populace has one bell
weighing eight tons, to which .the
great Emperor Charles V of Spain and
Germany stood godfather. It was in
Charles' time that Antwerp attained
its greatest prosperity before the nine,
tenth century. Between 14S8 and
13 70 its trade and riches outrivalled
all the cities of Europe. The dis
covery of America in 1492 and the
opening of a new route to India and
the East had destroyed the prosperity
of the Hanseatic cities in Germany
; and broken the power of Venice. Ant
werp profited by the calamities of her
, sister cities and accumulated wealth
which had no parallel in the world.
With the Reformation her troubles
began. The Protestant communion,
which had won over almost the whole
of Holland and Zealand, spread rapid
ly through the provinces now compos
ing the kingdom of Belgium. The
terrible Duke of Alva was sent to
fight the new faith with fire and
sword. He built a fortress to overawe
. the city of Antwerp and executed his
mission with pitiless efficiency. But
Protestantism also committed crimes
before Alva reduced it to submission.
It was the custom every August for
.the Catholics of Antwerp to parade
through the city bearing a famous
image of the Virgin. In the year 1566,
when' the annual ceremony was pro
ceeding as usual, the Protestants at
tacked the devotees, pursued them
into the cathedral and, fired with
what they supposed to be religious
zeal, wrecked the interior of the build
ing. Priceless carvings were demol
ished, paintings were cut in shreds
and every work of art which "savored
of idolatry" ruined. They effected in
Antwerp the same mission of destruc
tion as the Anabaptists in Holland.
Antwerp and the surrounding coun
try took the side or the rebels in the
early years of the Dutch revolt
against Spain. Under the astute
guidance of William the Silent the
provinces were able to carry on the
war year after year, advancing hardly
at all. but still holding their own.
Phillip II was then King of Spain, and
although he had the wealth of Peru
and Mexico at his disposal, he was
always short of money. There came
a time, in the year 1576, ten years
after the wreck of the cathedral, when
he could no longer pay his troops in
the Low Countries. Antwerp was then
: free from the Spaniards, but a band
' of their troops was quartered in Alva's
. citadel. Other bands of Spaniards
were scattered over the country, all
mutinous and greedy for loot. In the
Kail they concerted an assault upon
Antwerp. It is said that King Phil
lip secretly encouraged them. The
story may be false, but he was ca
pable of that as he was of other hor
rors. The mutinous Spaniards, with
their plans thoroughly matured, made
their way into the city, meeting only
feeble resistance. Their purpose was
to kill and rob and they executed it
with such ferocity hat their sack is
known in history as "The Spanish
Fury." The massacre raged until 8000
people had been slain. The cruelties
committed were incredible. Those
with an appetite for horrors may read
, of them In Motley's Rise of the Dutch
Republic.
Whatever crimes may be laid to the
charge of the modern Germans and
Belgians they do nothing that can be
compared in fiendish cruelty with the
. deeds of the Spaniards. From that
awful day the prosperity of Antwerp
waned. Traders and citizens forsook
the city. In seventy years it lost 75,
000 people, In 164S, when the affairs
1
of Europe were settled by the treaty f
of vestphalia after the Thirty Years'
War, the mouths of. the Scheldt were
closed to commerce to gratify the
Dutch. This gave Antwerp the finish
ing blow. It pined from that time to
the days-of the French revolution and
Napoleon, when all the old questions
were reopened and some old wrong
rightted. In 1830 Belgium was sep
arated from Holland and placed under
an independent" government with Leo
pold I as King. From that time Ant
werp has been gradually recovering its
ancient prosperity and prestige, until
now it is again one of the most im
portant cities in Europe. What will
its condition be when the siege is
over?
BELGIUM.
Poor Belgium. The world's tears
and the world's cheers are for Bel
gium. It is the tragic sacrifice of the
ages, the innocent -victim of national
greeds and racial hatreds. Its loyal
sons have valiantly fought for their
manhood, and they have not failed.
They have lost their cities, their fields,
their cathedrals, their art treasures,
their material possessions, and their
lives; but they have gloriously vindi
cated their unconquerable spirit.
Pictcrre the awful desolation of Bel
gium, ifr you can. Because they re
sisted the invader, they have paid a
terrible price. wives are widowed,
children orphaned. homes ruined.
crops destroyed, fields ravaged, and a
whole people dispossessed of their own
all because a treaty is a "scrap of
paper" and neutrality a "word."
Poor Belgium.
BRVASf COMES THROUGH.
The curious chain of indorsements
given by the leading lights of the
Democratic Administration for Sena
tor Chamberlain is furnished another
happy link by Secretary Bryan. That
forgiving statesman wants Mr. Cham
berlain returned to the Senate be
cause "it is of vital importance that
there shall be a Democratic majority
in Senate and House." There is an
amiable reference to Mr. Chamber
lain's personal popularity. But the
single note of Mr. Bryan's letter is
concern about the Democratic major-,
ity. If Mr. Chamberlain shall be de-"
feated, there will be one less Demo
crat in the Senate. George, bring the
grip.
President Wilson was similarly ap
prehensive about the loss to the Dem
ocratic party, if Oregon should not re
turn Mr. Chamberlain. He com
mended him solely for his "conspicu
ous party services," and for nothing
else. The absence of personal inter
est was in marked contrast with the
President's warm letter for Senator
Shively.
President Wilson is clearly indiffer
ent to Mr. Chamberlain, except as he
is a cog in the Democratic machine.
So is Mr. Bryan. When- has Mr.
Chamberlain raisI his clarion voice
for Bryan?
-Mr. Chamherlain, after Bryan's de
feat in '1896 and 1900, was lukewarm.
He had no use for a loser. In 1902,
when Chamberlain was a candidate
for Governor, the Democratic state
convention, under Chamberlain's di
rection, refused even to mention the
Peerless Leader in its platform. In
1908, Chamberlain declined to preside
at a Bryan meeting or otherwise pub
licly to support Bryan.
Now Bryan "indorses" Chamberlain,
because he is a Democrat. The great
news ought to be circulated in his
campaign headquarters, where that
damaging fact is mentioned only in
whispers, and is carefully suppressed
in the Chamberlain literature.
THE SOUTH HOLDS THE REINS.
Whenever .a Republican in Con
gress refers to the South as distin
guished from the North, some South
ern Senator or Representative bristles
up and accuses him of raising the sec
tional issue and is roundly applauded
by the serried ranks of the Bourbons.
While Democrats do not raise the sec
tional issue between North and South
in debate, they have quietly put it in
practice at every opportunity.
The South is in the saddle and is
riding the country into the morass of
free trade, waste of public money and
war taxes, as a glance over the list of
committees will show. Committees
shape legislation and their chairmen
have the mostrpowerful voice in di
recting their action, hence legislation
takes its color from the complexion of
committee chairmen.
In both Senate and House the chair,
men of the important committees are,
with few exceptions. Southern Demo
crats. It was to have been expected
that they would be Democrats, but if
the sectional issue were dead, we
might fairly expect the heads of com
mittees to be selected indifferently
from North or South. The really in
fluential committees in the Senate are
almost invariably headed by South
erners. This is true of appropriations,
banking andcurrency, coast defense,
commerce, conservation. District of
Columbia, finance, foreign relations,
immigration, Indian affairs, irrigation,
judiciary, manufactures, navy, post
office, public buildings, rules. The
only committees of the first or second
rank which have Northern chairmen
are inter-oceanic canals, interstate
commerce, military affairs, pensions.
Pacific Islands and privileges and
elections. The chairman of the mili
tary committee, our own Senator
Chamberlain, is a transplanted Mis
sissipplan, the chief purpose of whose
migration to Oregon seems to have
been to obtain and hold public office.
The discrimination is even more
glaring in the organization of House
committees. Leaving out of consider
ation such unimportant committees
as those on department expenditures,
the South has thirty-four and the
North only ten chairmen of House
committees. Among the ten the only
one of first' rank is appropriations,
headed by Fitzgerald of New ' York.
A tariff bill "is in charge of Under
wood, of Alabama; a currency. bill of
Glass of Virginia: the agricultural bill
is steered by Lever of South Carolina:
a resolution submitting a single-term
amendment would come from Rucker
of Missouri, a devout worshiper of
President Wilson; a resolution on for
eign affairs from Flood of Virginia;
an immigration bill from Burnett of
Alabama; an Indian bill from' Ste
phens of Texas: the Philippine inde
pendence bill from Jones of Virginia;
a railroad bill from Adamson of
Georgia; an anti-trust bill from Clay
ton of Georgia; and so on downv the
line until we find Henry of Texas pro
posing the rules which regulate debate
and shut off amendments.
The Democrats control the House;
the caucus controls the Democrats;
the Bourbons control the caucus, and
the leaders of the Bourbons control
the committees. Bills are framed
by these chairmen, who steer them
through the. House and who can al
ways rely on the Bourbons to vote
down unwelcome amendments. Hence
control of legislation can be as clearly
traced to the Southern committee
chairmen as the long chain of events
in the story of "The House That Jack
Built" leads back to the malt that was
placed in the house.
THE RESTAURANT VIOLIN.
The Little Review for Krt
publishes a poem which is called "The
Restaurant Violin." Tfco nnnH nr th
violin wanders through the steaming
atmOSDhere WhilA f V rrnir la oarlno.
very muclras one might see a soui
. ... c , o.uu uesuiaie, among
the sulphurous fumes in Tophet- One
diner listens to the strain, but prob
ably only one. The rest are intent
upon their greed. Very likely the vio
lin player is lucky to win even one
listener.
To this Dim bin -muni,, mono
vels. It brings a vision 'of a brook
with flowery banks, a shower falling
blessedly on smiling foliage, "To the
ki;cu Emu ana winKing purple or
every leaf." It brinra thi lr.no- hid.
ows between the hills, wlule "out of
tne niaaen trees a wood thrush sang."
But the ecstasy was not for long. Sud
denly the "Crashing nf CTinnn a anil
trays broke in upon it." The poet
wno naa Deen lingering in delight
UPOn the Violin hearri tha "oUnlr rT
the cash register, the clatter of money
into 'the tray." and his dear illusion
vanished.
Was he ltvln tr In ha tmW ol
world when he heard the music and
saw tne vision, or when be heard the
money Clatter?
DAWJf OF A NEW TRADE ERA.
The United States is just entering
upon the field of foreign trade in
earnest. Our export trade began with
foodstuffs and raw material which
other nations must buy here because
they could be obtained nowhere else in
sufficient quantity. Only within the
last quarter of a century have we been
turning attention to exports of man
ufactures, but there has been too
much dispesition to regard them as a
side issue. Development of this trade
has been hampered by the facts that
our goods were carried in the ships,
insurance was" placed in the compa
nies, and payment was made through
the banks of competing nations. Our
manufacturers have attempted to force
their business methods on their cus
tomers, when policy dictates that they
adapt themselves to the methods of
their customers.
We are now beginning in earnest to
provide facilities for foreign commerce
at the very time when the war is forc
ing foreign buyers to turn to us be
cause their former sources of supply
have been stopped or in large part
dammed up by the war. At this time
also the opening of the Panama Canal
has broadened the foreign market for
all our exporting centers by shorten
ing commercial routes and thus cheap
ening transportation. The war has
driven South America to turn to the
United States as a market wherein
both to buy and sell, and the canal
enables the people of both our coasts
to reach both coasts of the Southern
continent with equal facility.
It is fortunate that at this juncture
we are establishing the new regional
banks with facilities for buying for
eign exchange and with permission
for our banks to establish foreign
branches. Some of the largest banks
are already availing themselves of this
privilege and are entering into rela
tions with the leading banks of South
America. Our Government has opened
the way for carrying our goods on
American ships to foreign ports by
passing the ship registry bill. Trade
missionaries are being sent through
out that part of the world .which re
mains at peace by both our Govern
ment and our banks. We are syste
matically laying out the ground plan
for our extensive foreign commerce.
Results of our work and of Europe's
necessities are already apparent. The
largest single order for flour ever
placed, 110,000 barrels, has been re
ceived from Europe in New York.
Greece has Just shipped its first cargo
of wheat direct from Galveston and
will pay for it directly. The Greek
Consul-General has opened credits
wiyi three New York banks, which
are to correspond witH the National
Bank of Greece. The Hellenic king
dom wishes to use the facilities for
foreign trade afforded by our Federal
reserve 'system as a means of becom
ing the medium of trade with the
Balkan States and Western Asia.
Merchandise is being bought by the
cargo, not merely as war supplies but
to take the place of goods which could
not be obtained from the belligerent
countries. The Journal of Commerce
says that 1,500,000 .blankets could be
sold for delivery in December, one or
der having been placed for 500,000 for
soldiers and 200,000 for mules. Amer
ican mills have been put on full time
and even on over-time to supply for
eign demand and also to supply home
demand, orders for which have been
cancelled by our buyers abroad. The
Carnegie Company has sold 17,000
tons of steel in Australia which could
not be bought in Europe and the
Bethlehem Company has orders which
exceed its capacity for prompt deliv
ery, and is dividing them with other
mills. England is buying in this
country $1,000,000 worth of machines
which but for the war would have
come from Germany. This export boom
is' reflected in the fact that exports
at New York in the last week of Sep
tember exceeded those of the same
week of last year by over $3,000,000.
Americans need not expect that they
will be permitted to retain this new
business without a struggle. Once the
war is ended, Europe will turn wjth
great energy to the rebuilding of its
foreign commerce, and the United
States will be called upon to fight for
what it has gained. But this country
will have the advantage of having es
tablished relations with new custom
ers and made them acquainted, with
our products. We have hitherto been
mostly on the outside, trying, not very
hard, to get in. Then we shall be on
the inside, while Europe will be try
ing to enter.
This expanded foreign trade may
easily turn the balance of trade in our
favor and may cancel the debt to
Europe which has troubled our fi
nanciers. The $100,000,000 gold pool
may be able to cancel this debt by
buying the debts which Europe owes
America for goods sold. A plan has
been proposed to form a great pool in
this country which should issue sev
eral hundred million dollars. of certifi
cates, the proceeds to be used in buy
ing up American securities held
abroad. Europe's eagerness to sell
would make the price moderate and
would give the investor a bargain, yet
the pool would steady prices sufficient
ly to prevent dangerous depreciation.
Creation of a trade balance in favor
of the United States through expan
sion of exports and through stopping
the outflow of money to pay interest
and dividends on these securities
would increase the amount of avail
able capital in this country. The wai
threatens Europe with financial pros
tration and this country promises to
be the largest reservoir of capital on
which the Old World can draw for the
work of rehabilitation. Our trade in
roads into South America will open
up many new enterprises, capital for
which can be supplied by this coun
try alone. Thus through the war. our
new banking system and our enlarged
export -trade, the United States may
acquire a position of commercial and
financial pre-eminence which cannot
be shaken.
One compensation for the war prom
ises to be the breakdown of caste
among British army officers. Efficiency
and courage are badges of nobility to
be found in 'all ranks, and they cause
artificial lines of division to disappear.
The death's head flag which the
British submarine E-9 flaunts from
her periscope recalls to mind the
broom which the Dutch Admiral De
Ruyter tied to his masthead when he
swept the sea of the English fleet.
One of the meanest little crimes is
committed when an employment agent
takes almost the last dollar and sends
a man miles away to learn to his sor
row there is no work for him. The
punishment is inadequate.
Among the few for whom all bellig
erents have a good word to say are the
American Ambassadors who care for
the fugitives and the American Red
Cross doctors and nurses who care for
the wounded.
All the fighting nations accuse each
other of atrocities. Instead of puzzling
our brains to ascertain which are guil
ty, we may as well believe them all,
since all are guilty of the original
atrocity war.
Portland's position as the financial
center of the Pacific Northwest is
proved by the city's contribution to the
gold pool of an amount equal to that
of Seattle, Tacoma and Spokane com
bined. The Japanese people are urging that
Japan have a powerful voice in the
final' settlement of war issues. Japan
can be counted upon to make quite a
noise in China and the Pacific anon.
The allies report that they have
reached Belgium with small forces.
Getting patrols there and throwing
in force enough to maintain the posi
tion are two widely different things.
Limit to war activities is now op
posed in Japan. Did anyone outside
the. American State Department think
for a moment Japan had any inten
tion of limiting her activities?
With our George rushing home to
attempt to mend broken political
fences dull and lonesome times are
ahead for the Generals and Admirals
of the Army -and Navy Club.
No, anxious inquirer, Potiorek is not,
as you surmise, a new sauce to be
served with Hungarian goulash, but
merely the cognomen of the Austrian
field marshal.
Tahiti takes revenge for its bom
bardment by branding the German
cruisers as poor marksmen. Perhaps
they were only practicing for a real
fight.
One hundred Japanese women divers
have offered their services lor remov
ing contact mines from, hostile har
bors. How is that for a fighting spirit?
However, with the war tax still un
der consideration, we are led to won
der just where the Democrats would
have got off but for this war.
Do paroles by the" Governor go by
favor or are they based on the execu
tive's ideas of justice as opposed to
court and jury action?
With scoreboards downtown and
football at Multnomah field, the athletic-minded
have a great bill of en
tertainment today. "
The trooper shot by a Mexican bul
let fired across the border Sunday died
yesterday. The United States is a
"peace" Nation.
The Austrians say they hold Prze
mysl and Przeszow. The rest-of the
consonants, however, are in Russian
hands.
By stimulating the construction of
modern docks the recent dock fires
prove not to have been, an unmixed
evil.
Japan may yet provoke the activity
of the suffragettes. She has denied
women the right to participate in war.
If that cross-eyed Indian pitcher,
just signed by Oakland, throws as he
looks he will kill an umpire.
Just consider the Republican candi
date for Sheriff is "Tom" Hurlburt and
mistake cannot be. made.
The ball .fans have obliterated the
war cJllege contingent in front of the
bulletin boards.
Connie Mack can afford to wait until
he plays in Boston, watching the gate
receipts grow.
The siege of Philadelphia vies with
the siege of Antwerp in the public
mind.
Instead of the war tax why not call
it by its right name the donkey tax?
The Federal Court tells the recalci
trant Marconi company to go hence.
The Canadian contingent has land
ed. , Clear the tracks!
The Braves got away with Chief
Bender's right wing.
With Antwerp aflame who will foot
the bill, ultimately?
The Germans are giving double
stamps at Antwerp.
German artillery is the modern "eat-'em-allve"
affair.
Seven to one is the casualty list in
the first brush.
Belgium is paying a fearful price for
her audacity.
The Athletics' artillery failed to get
the range.
Where is that naval battle, long
overdue?
Once again Registerf
N. Nitts on Peace
By Dean Collin.
Nescius Nitts, sage of Punkindorf Sta
tion. Aroused from his solemn and deep
meditation.
Reducing his quid by adroit mastica
tion. Cut off a June bug by swift expectora
tion, x
And spoke about peace in a lengthy
oration.
When war was declared and "we heerd
of the news.
Like all of the world, it plumb give
us the blues;
We jest set around here in Hlgginses
store
Reviewin' the papers and talkln' it
o'er.
Till one day we read how, all over
the land.
They was holdin peace raeetin's on
every hand. ,
Si Sprague. he remarks: "With all
civilization
It's fittin' and proper that Punkindorf
Station
Should stand with the nation fer broth
erly love, y
And now go on record indorsln the
Dove. ,
Let's . calla peace meetin', resolvin' to
night That Europe had orter calm down and
V not fight."
We liked the idee, and the meetin' It
met.
And everything seemed to be lovely,
as yet.
Till it came to electin' a chairman.
and then " '
Relations got strained between several
men,
Fer Sprague he named Hlggins, and
Hlckett named Conner
Fer 'lection to chairmanship's ultimate
honor.
And Hlckett, unguarded, said somethln'
or other
'Bout Higgins, or Higgins's father or
brother
I ain't sure Jest which, fer Jest then
Higgins, he
Lammed loose at pore Hlckett and
landed on me.
And I a-fergettln' of peace and the
Dove.
HI, back, but I missed and hit Phil
omel Love.
Then Sprague, he joined Hickett. We
turned in right heartj.
Reducin' the Conner and Hlgginses
party.
And after a sort of a rough free-for-all.
Succeeded In chasin 'them out of the
hall.
We organized then and made calm
declaration
That folks stands fer peace here in
Punkindorf Station.
SYMPATHY. TOO, BEGINS AT HOMES
Misery on Battlefields Compared With
That of Southern Children.
PORTLAND. Oct. 9 (To the Edi
tor.) The press dispatches Inform us
that the Christian gentleman who is
President of the United States, after
indorsing Senator Chamberlain, of Ore
gon, with all his free trade notions and
fidelity to the principles of the grand
Democracy, finds time to give his un
qualified approval to the candidacy of
Roger Sullivan for United States Sen
ator for Illinois.
No honest man questions for a mo
ment the utter unfitness of Roger Sul
livan for high, public office; his whole
life has been one of proven corruption
and crooked politics. President Wilson
cannot plead ignorance in this case, but
the success of the Democratic party is
more Important than that legislative
halla shouuid be filled with honest leg
islators. For the purpose of comparison It
might be well to recall the attitude
of a former President of this country,
who, when every political pressure was
brought to bear to have him Indorse
Senator Lorimer as the Republican can
didate for Senator from Illinois, de
clined to indorse Lorimer, saying: "The
success of the Republican party does
not depend upon Immoral anq dishon
est men in Its counsels."
President Wilson points, out the
waste and horror of war, and the tens
of thousands of lives lost on battle
fields: but what has he or his party
done to alleviate or bring hope to the
thousands of pale, wan, half-nourished
and starved children who work from
10 to 14 hours a day in the cotton mills
In Democratic states for he mere pit
tance of 25 cents to 50 cents per day?
The State of Mississippi that gave
us Chamberlain and his free trade fal
lacies has offered up on the altar of
greed more starved, sunken-faced
children in the past 20 years than all
the men who have been killed In the
present European war.
Why should ': Presidents, Governors
and Mayors issue proclamations set
ting aside a day of prayer, appealing
to God for peace in Europe, while
thousands of Innocent American chil
dren are sacrificed and sent to prema
ture graves to pay dividends to ease
and luxury?
Take down a map of the United States
and you will find the foregoing condi
tions largely to exist In Democratic
states. The hypocrisy and pretense that
asks one to vote for a man like Cham
berlain for United States Senator is
nauseating. OBSERVER.
eccs jSowjvi wages down 'also
Producer Recalls When Consumer Coald
Get Cheap Fm3 hat Lacked Price.
PORTLAND. Oct. 9 (To the Edttor.)
M. Kean once could buy eggs it 8
cents per dozen. I have sold them for
3 cents per dozen; I received their value
in trade. At that time a day's work
was engaged weeks ahead. A laborer
went to work at daylight and worked
until dark. My father did this and he
received 25 cents per day for one or
two days st a time.
I ask this laborer if he ever raised a
hill of potatoes or a mouthful of any
thing he ever ate. When he bought
eggs for 8 cents per dozen how much
did he receive per day for his labor?
I believe common labor is $2.50 per
day of eight hours. If eggs sell at 8
cents per dozen it will require 29 3-8
dozen or 354 eggs to pay him for eight
hours' work, or the- labor and feed of
354 hens for 24 hours. The poultry
man must rise with the hen. entertain
and wait upon her all day and retire
when she does. If he expects to gather
eggs, 354 hens is a big flock, and the
best hen must rest at least SO to 90
days per year.
To produce a perfect, appetizing food
requires work, skill, attention, judg
ment, patience, perseverance no time
to stop to consider hours of labor or
pay. A city laborer or attomev or
banker who has never been a producer
cannot ever Dear as important relation
to civilization and progress as the tiller
of the soil. Without him business
would cease and humanity come to
want. Yet he occupies In the eyes of
me city laDorer a station of minor im
portance. This lack of appreciation
which the producer believes is due him
does not promote progress. As it is
nature to look upward, he seeks the
city Decause It appears great and gay.
PRODUCER.
Concerning Prohibition. '
PORTLAND. Oct. 9. (To the Editor.)
i. uoes j.ne regonian trunk the
state will be voted 'dry?'
2. If the state is voted "drv" when
will the saloons have to close their
doors? Who will determine this?
A MUCH INTERESTED PARTY.
(1) The Oregonian has no predic
tions to make on the result.
(2) December 31, 1915, 'at midnight.
The amendment so provides.
PRINCIPLE AXD PROSPERITY
Nonpartisan Harp and Anonymous Let
tera Will Not Detent Republicans.
PORTLAND. Oct. S. (Toi the Editor.)
There appeared an article In the
Portland Journal September 29 pur
porting to have been written at New
port. Or., but had all the earmarks of
many editorials In the Journal. In
fact almost every day we have dished
up to us one or more editorials In the
form of a . letter from an individual
signed as "A Lifelong Republican" or
A Republican but will vote for Cham
berlain." Most of these cowardly arti.
cles contain bitter personal, attacks
upon the life and conduct of the Re.
publican candidate for the United States
Senate. Robert A. Booth, or the Re
publican candidate lor Governor, Dr.
vvlthysombe, and are composed almost
wholly of campaign falsehoods written
by some sophist. That men can con
ceive that such a plan will win votes
is cue to the facts that since Wilson
was elected by reason of the Republi
can party being divided, and the solid
South has attained the saddle, dictating
and is running the whole maladminis
tration, they are mad for office and
will resort to any means whatever to
succeed.
The administration under Governor
West has been the most profligate and
extravagant we ever had. Aside from
his utter inability as an executive, his
whole conduct has been a reproach to
the State of Oregon. He knew he
would stand no chance in another elec
tion, so he persuaded Dr. Smith to be
come a "vicarious sacrifice." The old
dishonest harp of "voting for the man"
and being a "nonpartisan" will fail this
year, for this is a Republican year. A
Republican year always follows Demo.
cratlc success. A campaign of mud-
sllnglng will not succeed, for Republi
cans this year are going to vote for
principle and prosperity. The Demo
crats say a vote for a Democrat is a
vote for President Wilson. Certainly,
and that Is Just why they are going to
lose. Thousands who voted for Wilson
are regretting It now. Mr. Wilson said
he would reduce the high cost of liv
ing, release the people from the grip
of the wicked money power, would
give the poeple a "new freedom"; but
Instead he has given the people the
same old Democratic bard times. Even
with war iny Europe, abundant crops,
high prices for almost all farm prod
ucts, still there is depression of busi
ness, and a Democratic Congress is go
ing to put on a war tax to cover ex
penses, made necessary because their
tariff bill is a failure. They seem to
prefer hard times with the Underwood
bill to prosperity under the - Payne-
Aldrich protective measure. President
Wilson's promised "unprecedented pros
perity" will never come until the. reins
of Government are placed In competent
and experienced hands, so let us begin
now by electing every candidate on the
Republican ticket, voting for principle
and prosperity.
C. B. LA FOLLETTE.
PATIENCE IS NEEDED. THAT'S ALL
Aa-ltatora Will Starve Under Etsbt
Hour Law and Sanity Will Follow.
McCOY, Or., Oct. 6. -(To the Editor.)
The Hillsboro farmer should cheer
up. Do not worry, brother farmer,
about the eight-hour day amendment,
but look ahead to a brighter day.
Where do our oity amendment mak
ers get their food? Is it not mostly
through the efforts of the farmer, who
works from 10 to 16 hours per day?
Now that Is an easy one, if we just
plan a little.
People require but few clothes in this
country and almost any industrious
family, by working hard eight hours
a day. can get something to eat and
earn a few dollars-extra. We can keep
a few acres and let the remainder of
our land go for taxes. Surely we can
manage to live a couple of years, and
by that time, when all the other peo
ple have starved to death, we, the good
old farmers of Oregon, can then arise
and make our own laws to suit our
own needs, and be happy and pros
perous forever, without fear of meddle
some trouble makers.
"No great thing is lightly won."
We must deny ourselves to obtain
any great results.
A FARMER'S WIFE.
Something of Alma Gluck.
PORTLAND. Oct. 9 (To the Edi
tor.) 1. Kindly tell me something of
Alma Gluck's private life. Where was
she born, her age and nationality. Is
the violinist, Zimbalist, her husband?
If so, how long have they been mar
ried? 2. How are briquets made? 3. Is
"sick to my . stomach" or "sick at my
stomach" correct? MRS. C. H. O.
1. Alma Gluck was born in Bucha
rest, Roumanla. in 1886, was brought
to America in 1889 and was educated In
this country. Her maiden name was
Reba Fierson. A brief London dispatch
published about June 1, 1914. an
nounced her marriage to Zimbalist, the
violinist. She Is noteworthy as one
who has gained front rank in grand
opera without European training.
2. Processes of briquet manufacture
vary with different materials, but the
principal elements of manufacture are
pressure, heat and binding material.
Some lignites can be made into briquets
at steam heat without binding ma
terial. S. Neither expression is elegant. Of
the two. "sick at my stomach" is the
better.
When Voter Changes Residence.
FOREST GROVE. Oct. 8 (To the
Editor.) A married man registered
here, moves with his family to Port
land, today. Can he vote in Portland
in November for state and county
officers? , . C. L. LARGE.
The election law says that an elector.
after registering, may, within the time
for registering, cause his former regis
tration to be canceled by a request in
writing to the clerk where he is reg
istered, giving the Information called
for in blank B, specially provided for'
this purpose. It Is stated that in the
case in question, the voter, should be
register in Multnomah County within
the time limit, following his cancella
tion of registration at Forest Grove,
would be qualified to vote on state
officers and the various state-wide
measures to be on the ballot at the
coming election. He would not, -however,
it is stated,, be eligible to vote
on. Multnomah County officers. These
would be torn from the ballot by the
judge at the election booth.
Careless Hontera Annoy Farmers.
HUBBARD. Or.. Oct. 8 (To the Edi
tor.) Testerday afternoon while a
neighbor was digging potatoes he was
struck, by stray shot from a gun in
the hands of a city sportsman who was
pretending to shoot birds in an adjoin
ing field. Luckily, two of the shot
glanced off his suspender buckle, while
a third embedded Itself in his fork
handle.
When the farmer upbraided them for
their carelessness in language more
emphatic than polite, they gave him the
"horse laugh" and 'went their way scat
tering death and destruction else
where. In such a case would the farm
er have been Justified in helping them
over the fence with his fork?
ANNOYED BY HUNTERS.
Poatasre-Stajnp Flirtation.
Atchison Globe.
It must take a fertile imagination to
derive any excitement from a postage
stamp flirtation.
Twenty-Five Years Ago
Frr-Ih O-w-'an October 8 and 9. 1SS9.
SUffici-.n,7 ""J I-elUrnS "
itAi n.7...- on tne state Cap
ital quest-on to show that Olympla
stiios anv ;r. out
number.. 2- 000 lZPUtT- In rUnd
Olymoia j;;?.0. .v..,es ,VT '
United Stat.. ' .
cook r x:I -----ia.-.or ---rank His
thnrLv, I.r. yesterday mad.
in the Pa-if-i,. r:.T X'moer "Png up
-"" "iM New fork
mo pivotal state.
Hartford. Conn. The vote on C the
crohibitlon iu h- - online
- . ,e oout threo
to one against a 'dry" state. lnr"
Washington President Htr. v,.
appointed Edward O. Leach, district of
Colorado, director of the mint.
Paris The King of Slam arrived In
Pans yesterday. It is also announced
hera that Jules Dupre. the French
painter, is dead.
General Cebrun. who hi r- ... - t .
during the Franco-Prussian war in
ism, is aead.
Washington Sir Knight McF. Patton.
of Oregon Commandery, No. 1. has ar
rived here to attend the great Knights
Templars' conclave. A. local paDer
prints an interview with him which
tells how Mr. Patton crossed the plains
In 18o0 for the Great Northwest, pass
ing over places then not worth a bag
of beans, but which now are the seat
of thriving cities.
New York In the general Episcopal
convention this morning, Oregon was
made a diocese and Bishop Morris
elected.
Frances Hodgson Burnett, the writer
of stories for children, is seriously ill
in London as a resu'.t of the shock oc
casioned by the fall from her buggy
yesterday.
The Portland Paving & Macadamizing
Company has a crew working at St.
Helens, getting out Belgian blocks for
J. M. Thompson, the cable road builder.
E. S. Horton, of Olympia, Wash., pre
vented a seriniin if n , ,'.., i 1 j . .
at fourth and G streets yesterday
morning when he sprang in front of a
.. ... uU raieo a enno. To save
the babe. Mr. Horton had to deal the
horses a blow in the face with his
umbrella, which served to check the
horses for a second a second long
enough for Mr. Horton to c-rah th. i
fant.
Miss Henrietta C. Moore, of Illinois,
will lecture this evening on "The Labor
Problem," in the Methodist Church in
Albina.
Justus M. Strowbrldge announced
yesterday that he would build a four
story building at the northeast corner
of Third and Yamhill streets In the
Tacoma The assassination of Enoch
CroHby October 5 has aroused the busi
ness men of the city to action. They
made a violent protest against the
Mayor and the administration general
ly In a mass meeting. The introduc
tion of saloons into the residence sec
tion and the fact that the Mayor and
police allow desperate characters to
roam the streets called for dratslc res
olutions, which were adopted. Mayor
Wheelwright spoke in his own defense.
A committee of 100 has been named to
take up the situation.
Conductor C. R. Miller won the Expo
sition popularity contest last night.
Other contestants high In the running
were: J. H. O'Brien, George H. Pease,
W. J. Crocker, Charles Wilson and S.
Conser.
nosa, in her new Dla
gery taw, was warmljP welcomed labt
night at the New Park Theater.
The British squadron arrived at Kiel'
yesterday and the Kaiser gave a rous- .
ing reception and banquet in honor of'
the officers.
San , Francisco Alexander Cameron,
12 years old, whose father, now de
ceased, was one of the originators of
the Pacific Mail Steamship Company,
is en route to Portland. Or. He was
born In Valparaiso, Chile, but ho will
mako his future home in Portland. He
first set foot on American soil today
when he reached San Francisco.
St. Mark's Episcopal parish was or
ganized -Wednesday night. The fol
lowing were named as a vestry: Dr.
J. W. Hill, senior warden; J. H. Hage
ney, junior warden; W. J. Burns, sec
retary, and General J. H. Eaton. W. C.
Stevens, C. P. Bacon and J. S. Bain
bridge. Rev. W. L. McEwen was
elected rector. i
The man who stole Dr. A. J. Geisey's
horse has been captured at Redding.
Cal. His name is Gay and Deputy
Sheriff Dan Sprague has gone to re
turn him.
P. T. Barnum has been explaining his
faith to the convention of Universalisis
now in session. He said his faith was
in God and pointer's ink. and that with
tnem anyone ought to succeed.
Sunday Features:-
Piano Playing
Made Simple
Twelve lessons, which will lay
the foundation of a musical edu
cation, will be given in The Sun
day Oregonian, beginning next Sun
day. These are the most ingenious
and effective lessons ever devised
and they are so simple that a child
can learn unaided.
Two exercises are given in each
of the 12 lessons. They are indi
cated in the customary note signs
which are familiar to all of us, yet
Greek to those who have never
studied music.
The exercises are charted in such
a way that anyone can pick out tJbe
lessons on the piano or organ.
Each chart indicates the white
and brack keys you are to" strike
and how you are to strike theou
Scores of other features include
a detailed map of the fighting zone
in Austria, Germany and Russia.
.Full page in colors.
Latest action photos from the
firing lines in Europe.
Five pages of special features,
profusely illustrated. Dealing with
interesting and important phases of
the great war.
Timely-- fashion pages, special
features for women, a children's
page and dozens of pages covering
every interest.
Order early of your newsdealer.
Or subscribe to have The Orego
nian sent regularly to your address.