13
THE SIORMNG OREGONUX, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1914.
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rOKTLAXD, WEDNESDAY, OCT., 1, 1814.
PROMISE AND PERFORMANCE.
The Democratic party has had con
trol of both the executive and legisla
tive branches of the Federal Govern
ment. What use has it made of its
power? How has it kept its prom
ises? It promised to revise the tariff
downward in such manner as to re
move protection without injuring or
destroying any industry. It has re
vised the tariff with such glaring dis
crimination that it has retained a
large measure of protection for some
industries while seriously injuring or
destroying others by placing their
products on the free list.
It promised laws making private ;
monopoly impossible, prohibiting the
practices by which monopoly is cre
ated, criminal prosecution of violators
of anti-trust laws and general
strengthening of the Sherman law. It
has passed laws which prompted one
of its members to say: "In the mat
ter of regulating , trusts and letting
them off easily we can outrun George
W. Perkins."
It promised to submit to the people
a constitutional amendment making
the President ineligible for a second
term. It has 1 done nothing in that
direction, and. its leader is admittedly
a candidate for a -second term.
It denounced extravagance and de
manded economy in National expen
ditures. It has appropriated over
$100,000,000 more this year than was
appropriated by the last Republican
Congress, and when foreign war
caused revenue to shrink, it imposed
new taxes rather than economize.
It denounced the Aldrich currency
bill and promised to revise the bank
ing laws. It carried out that promise
toy adopting the framework of the
Aldrich bill into its own measure, but
has been so slow about putting that
law in operation as greatly to prolong
business depression.
t It promised to establish a rural
credit system. It has not done so.
It promised a comprehensive plan
of waterway improvement. It at
tempted to pass a wasteful, pork-barrel
river and harbor bill, which was
defeated only by Republican opposi
tion. It promised measures for conserva
tion and development of National re
sources. It has so wasted the time
of Congress that these measures have
only just passed the House.
It promised to make available Alas
ka's coal deposits. With the help of
Republicans, the Democratic party
has passed the Alaska railroad bill
and may pass a coal land-leasing bill
before Congress adjourns.
The Democratic party promised to
foster the merchant marine and to
pass laws for the safety of life at sea
and for the emancipation of seamen
from serfdom. It Included in the tar
iff law some impractical measures
which are inoperative, but legislated
for the merchant marine only under
the pressure of European war. Bills
for safety of life and for the benefit
of seamen still await passage.
It declared for exemption of Ameri
can coastwise ships from Panama Ca
nal tolls. It repealed the law giving
such exemption.
' It promised to enforce the civil serv
ice law "honestly and rigidly." It has
violated and evaded that law at every
opportunity.
A declaration of the Nation's pur
.pose to grant Philippine independence
was promised "as soon as a stable gov
ernment can be established." A bill
is now being forced through Congress
granting immediately what is practi
cally independence, though a stable
government is now impossible.
The Baltimore platform said: "Our
pledges are made to be kept," but the
Democratic party's record during the
last year and a half shows that these
pledges were made to be broken, their
only purpose having been to deceive
the voters.
CONGRESS' WASTE OF WORDS.
One of the many abuses growing
"wt of senatorial courtesy is the pub
lication in the Congressional Record
of all manner of communications and
newspaper and magazine articles
which happen to grind the ax or
please the fancy of some Senator. In
one issue of that sensational journal
appears a newspaper article on
"Women, in AVar," which was read
at the request of Senator Thomas,
doubtless to please his women con
stituents in Colorado, for they have
votes. Senator Ashurst then caused
to be read an extract from a speech of
President Wilson on the destructive
ness of war. Senator Shafroth fol
lowed with an article from a scientific
paper denouncing the leasing system
as applied to the public domain. Sen
ator Ransdell then asked to have
printed "a very interesting telegram
In reference to the cotton crop situa
tion."
At this point Senator Smoot rose
vp in protest against "the practice of
filling the Record each morning with
' every kind of telegram and every kind
of article from newspapers," as "an
, absolute evil" which ought to be
stopped. He said that 14,75 3 pages
of the Record had been printed at
this session and predicted that the
: total would reach 16.000 pages be
fore the session closed. His prediction
has already been fulfilled, for on
; September 14 the Record reached
16,526 pages and it has grown since
and is still growing. In former ses
sions, Mr. Smoot said, it had hardly
ever exceeded 6000 words. Senator
Williams endorsed the protest, saying
that this promiscuous reading con-
. sumed the greater part of the morn
ing hour.
The Senate trifles away the time
of Congress, every hour of which is
. costly to the people, and runs up huge
printing bills in order to have matter
primed at public expense for circula
tion among constituents. The mails
are thus loaded with useless matter.
The quality of congressional oratory
deteriorates In Inverse ratio to the
pncrease in its quality. Any man who
attempted to read all of it would be
mentally drowned in a boundless
waste of words. Debates no longer
receive the attention they formerly
had, because members of Congress
Senators in particular are so given
to publicity that they , wrap up their
ideas in a. winding sheet of verbosity,
as nearly endless as the wrappings of
a mummy.
GREAT OR LITTLE OREGON?
"Why" asks the Hillsboro Inde
pendent, "why should Mr? Withy
combe be cartooned, presumably 'as a
slur, as going up and down the state
preaching . a greater Oregon? The
Lord knows that with the gang that
has steered things for the past few
years, such preaching is necessary.
Freak legislation, freak legislators and
freak executives have given the state
a reputation that must be wiped out
if there is to be a greater Oregon,
and the man who urges that atten
tion be paid to the welfare of the
whole state and less to selfish indi
viduals who would wreck the com
monwealth in a scramble for spoils is
to be honored."
The state is just emerging from, the
wildest administrative orgy it has ex
perienced in all its history. It is time
that there be a return to the sanity.
strength and dignity of former days.
when the state had Governors who
looked upon the office as a sacred
trust, and who made neither a joke
nor a fetich of the law.
Mr. Chamberlain was elected Gov
ernor in 1902. It is still remembered
that he was District Attorney for
Multnomah County at the time and he
held on to that job firmly until he
took his new job, so that as Governor
he might appoint his own successor
as District Attorney. Being a Demo
crat, he demonstrated the real quality
of his nonpartisanship by naming an
other Democrat.
Elected to the Senate, Chamberlain
personally selected Oswald West, a
Democrat, to be his successor. What
West is Chamberlain made him; what
West has done must be credited di
rectly to Chamberlain.
Now West seeks to perpetuate the
control of the Democratic ring by
hand-picking his successor. This time
the scheme is doomed to failure.
DEMOCRATIC 11GHT ON HAWLEY.
Representative Hawley, of the First
Oregon District, has a record for dili
gent atendance upon the sessions of
Congress and for strict devotion to
duty not exceeded by any other mem
ber. Yet an industrious effort is be
ing made now to show that Hawley is
negligent or inefficient, or something
of that sort, and that his Democratic
opponent, a Mr. Hollister, of Coos
Bay, should be elected in his place.
If the value of a Congressman is to
be tested by the amount of appropria
tions for his district, Coos Bay, the
home of Hawley's Democratic oppo
nent, ought to be satisfied. The rec
ord shows that the average annual
Federal appropriation for improve
ments on the harbor and its tribu
taries has been more than double the
amount secured by any of Mr. Haw
ley's predecessors. It would appear
that Coos Bay ought to appreciate
diligent service for its own particular
projects and for the larger matters in
which Mr. Hawley has borne an hon
orable and highly useful part. He has
represented all parts of his district
faithfully and well, and he has ac
quired a position of no small promi
nence by his eight years in Congress.
The real motive of the attempt to
unseat Mr. Hawley and to elect Mr.
Hollister is that Hawley is a Republi
can and Hollister a Democrat. That
is all. If the voters of the First Dis
trict desire to indorse the present
Democratic Congress they will vote
for Hollister; otherwise, for Hawley.
SCHOOLS AND DOCTORS.
It will be a surprise to many read'
ers to learn that the number of medi
cal schools in the United States has
decreased by more than one-third in
the last ten years. Still more surpris
ing, and perhaps encouraging, is the
decline in attendance at those which
remain. Today there are about 16,000
young persons studying medicine in
this country. Ten years ago there
were 29,000J.sThe decrease in attend
ance is said to be caused by a rise in
standards. The schools require more
preparation at entrance and the
courses of study are more severe.
Hence the men who formerly "took
to medicine for an easy life" now turn
in some other direction, to the great
benefit of their patients, since the av
erage medical graduate of our day has
much better qualifications than his
predecessors of two or three decades
ago. The consequence is that he
chooses to live in town and the old
fashioned country doctor of romance
and reality has almost disappeared
Still the telephone and the automobile
have made the city doctor accessible
to rural patients and their troubles are
as well attended to as they ever were.
and perhaps better.
CHEAP AND EASY DAYS.
The Oregonian is obliged to the
correspondent from Hood River, who
calls attention to the fact that under
a former Republican National Admin
istration he was able to buy eggs
for 82 cents a dozen. But he does
not say where or when. It must have
been in China. The Oregonian can
find no record of any general market
in the United States, within fifty
years, under any Administration
when eggs could be bought so
cheaply.
It would be easy to retort upon our
friend, who Is so anxious for the re
turn of the happy days of cheap eggs
and cheap meat, that his clear duty to
himself is to support an Adrainistra
tion that will bring about that easy
condition. But it must be said that
8-cent eggs are not a 'desideratum
unless you have 8 cents wherewith to
buy them. There was a day when the
whole townslte of Portland wasn't
worth 50 cents, and could doubtless
have been bought for about that sum;
yet no one has been heard to say that
we ought to go back to the good old
times.
Oregon is a producing state; if pro
duction is to be discouraged and the
market for its products cheapened
and demoralized, it will not realize Its
destiny. If the producers of wool,
hay, eggs, hops, fruit, wheat, oats and
the like are not to prosper, the state
will not prosper. In that case there
will be nothing here for either pro
ducer or consumer.
We wonder if our friend, who lives
among the wonderful orchards of
Hood River, where the Industrial
barometer rises and falls with the
apple market, is eager for the time
to come when he can buy his apples
below cost?
WAR ANDART1STS. ,
The world is still discussing the sad
necessity, or imagined necessity, which
has sent the great artists and musi
cians of Europe to feed the cannon.
Fritz Kreisler, the great violinist, is at
the front. Four of the musical staff
of Trinity Music College in London
have enlisted. Chaliapin, the Russian
basso, and Muratore, the French
tenor, are both in the ranks. It is
said on the best of authority that not
a single artist in Germany, France,
Belgium or Russia has been spared
unless he is below or above the mili
tary age limit.
These men are as likely to be killed
or wounded as anybody else, and the
question has often been asked whether
their various countries are wise to per
mit them to be wasted as "cannon
fodder." Many of them have gone to
the front willingly. They are as pa
triotic as the rest of their country
men and wish to do their duty in bat
tle. But is their patriotism well ad
vised? A newspaper commenting on
these circumstances remarks that "no
man can risk more than his life for
his country and the life of a common
workman is as dear to his dependents
as that of the most eminent artist."
That is true enough, and yet it
hardly covers the question. One man
is as. dear as another to those who
love him but some are more valuable
to civilization than others. When an
ordinary man falls in battle his fam
ily grieve for him, but the country in
general feels the loss only slightly.
But when a man like Fritz Kreisler is
killed the whole world is appreciably
poorer. The common stock of happi
ness is diminished. To feed such men
to cannon is a senseless waste of fine
material. Certainly the war lords and
their chosen associates ought to be fed
out first. It would be time enough to
sacrifice the artists and musicians
when the supply of professional trou
ble-makers was exhausted.
AN AMERICAN SUPERMAN.
The "Novel Reader" whose "reflec
tions" on current fiction .make an ap
petizing course in the Atlantic Month
ly's table d'hote dinner, is not partic
ularly pleased with Theodore Dreiser's
new story. The name of this novel is
"The Titan." It is the second volume
In a triology of which "The Financier"
was the first. Mr. Drieser is the only
American author, except the late
Frank Norris, who has ventured to
plan fiction upon this large scale.
Naturally there must be some un
evenness in a work extending through
three substantial volumes.
"The Financier" was recognized by
everybody as a great story. It caught
one side of American life and de
picted it with unsparing truth as well
s with wonderful literary power.
The Titan" takes the same hero,
Frank Cowperwood, and shows how
he acts in full bloom. He "is an es
tablished magnate and an established
libertine." Inasmuch as his mind has
always been fixed on money to the
exclusion of everything else, he does
not know how to use his millions after
he has acquired them. His senses
make the only appeal which he can
understand and he consecrates his
strength and monev to their service.
Cowperwood is a sort of overgrown.
spiritually aborted, morally defective
superman. America produced far too
many of them In the riotous. God
forsaken period that succeeded the
Civil War and lasted for almost half
a century. Its watchword was "Suc
cess" and its religion dollar worship.
with that adoration of sensual pleas
ure which naturally accompanies the
cult of Mammon. Historians of the
next century will look upon this
period in our own life and in that of
Europe as a partial reversion to bar
barism. The gains made in preceding
ages have been cast away as trivial.
Morals have been laid aside. Religion
has too often been a mere collection
of formulas which permitted all sorts
of villainous conduct. The reaction
which is now upon us will go as far
in the other direction. The denial of
the spirit, has brought on the Euro
pean war and other social evils which
are as bad if not worse. Its return to
power will mean deeper faith and
better conduct.
THE SIEGE . OF ANTWERP.
In assailing Antwerp vigorously the
Germans seek to get rid of a very
troublesome thorn in the side of their
military operations in France. Ant
werp, of itself, can prove of no great
value to Germany. But as the final
stronghold of the Belgian army it
must be reduced and isolated. Other
wise the Belgians will continue to
stand as a menace to the German lines
of communication through Belgium
and as a serious danger to the Ger
mans should they Ije pushed back in
the battle of the Aisne.
Just how serious a problem the Bel
gians were proving to them was dem
onstrated forcibly to the Germans a
short time ago when Von Kluck was
being pushed back slowly from the
Marne while his army was threatened
with envelopment. Reinforcements
were badly needed and they were eas
ily available from the German force
of three army corps that had been de
tached for service in keeping down the
Belgians in the northern regions of
their state. No sooner were troops de
tached from this German northern
force than the Belgians sallied forth
from their fortified position at Ant
werp and made necessary the imme
diate recall of the German troops that
were being rushed to aid the imper
iled Von Kluck. Had the Germans
not been recalled the Belgian army
might have threatened the series of
railway lines that supply the entire
German army in France. Thus, in
order finally to strengthen Von Kluck,
it was necessary for the Germans to
draw troops from distant Lorraine,
weakening their position on their ex
treme left.
Whether the Germans win or lose
in the battle of the Aisne, the impor
tance of taking Antwerp is equally
great. Should the Germans succeed
on the Aisne. the allies will take up a
position on the French third line, in
front of Paris, where they will have a
strong defensive position requiring the
most vigorous assaults of all German
troops not needed in Eastern Frus
sia. The three German corps of "about
150.000 men now occupied before Ant
werp, or in masking Osrend, which is
occupied by British marines, or in
protecting the German lines of com
munication, will be of immense value
in continuing the movement in France.
On the other hand, should the Ger
mans be forced back from the Aisne
upon the French .first line on the bor
der, there would remain the possibil
ity that the Belgian force would even
tually co-operate with the allied left
wing In addition to harassing the- Ger
mans at opportune points on their
flank and rear.
The task of reducing Antwerp is
not a minor one. Antwerp is perhaps
second only to Paris in the matter of
fortified strength. Two encircling
chains of first-class fortresses guarfl
Antwerp's approaches. On the outer
line is massed the remaining military
strength of Belgium, probably no
fewer than 100,000 tried soldiers and
many thousands of levies. However,
German siege guns have already dem
onstrated that even the strongest
fortresses may be readily reduced to
dust by modern howitzers of large
caliber, while the large force of Ger
man first line men are counted upon
to handle readily the mixed force of
Belgian regulars, reserves and levies.
Actual occupation of Antwerp by
the Germans may not be necessary.
Low districts which can be covered by
flooding may serve to protect Antwerp
from complete investment. But as the
Germans reduce the fortresses and
close in on the Belgian troops their
aim is to drive the Belgian infantry,
cavalry and artillery out of the coun
try or else envelop and capture them.
When this mission is accomplished,
and not until then, the Germans will
be free from the hornets' nest which
they stirred up when they invaded
Belgium. Antwerp crushed, the forces
of King Albert will be incapable of
further serious resistance. The Bel
gians must then await for the fortune
of battle to seal their fate, for in the
light of the part they have played It
is likely that they will be rewarded or
punished according to the issue of the
great war when the last shot has been
fired on the battlefields of Europe.
It is just as well the young woman
collapsed before playing a piano .for
sixty-six hours in a local music house
The "stunt" would have excluded the
maximum hours allowed by law and
this is no time to agitate the State La
bor Commissioner and Industrial Com
mission.
The British are now seeking 500,000
sweaters to keep their troops from
freezing in the field. That is a poor
way. Wait until the troops are suf
fering before considering their needs.
That is also the American way.
If all the stories told by the bellig
erents of the number of foes they
have killed, wounded and captured,
were true, there would be hardly a
corporal's guard of each ' army re
maining to continue the war.
There never has been so urgent a
reason for Republicans and all those
who have the welfare and prosperity
of the state at heart to register. Eight
more days remain In which to per
form this important duty.
Another great Teuton defeat report
ed from Petrograd. But then we can
not always feel certain what relation
exists between the Petrograd press
bureau reports and the facts in the
case.
Minister Brand Whitlock having
sent a German officer away without
the meat he demanded, we may next
hear of him alone ordering the Ger
man army out of Brussels.
Another American shot in border
fighting and the armies are scatter
ing into hostile camps. However, Mr.
Bryan is "still hopeful," so why
worry?
Underwear "Made in U. S. A." must
suffice this Winter, for the British
output is needed for the fighters.
The habit, once contracted, is worth
keeping.
If Czar and Kaiser were now to ex
change telegrams across the fighting
line, they would be more spicy than
those which preceded the declaration
of war.
"Business first" is Roseburg's idea
in voting half a million for railway
construction while defeating a propo
sition to buy ground for a park.
If all real estate deals were as slow
In consummation as the transfer of
the Oregon City locks to the Govern
ment, there would be few deals.
A steamship laden with grain worth
a quarter-million cleared at this port
yesterday for Dublin and Cork, with
no fear of the Leipzig In mind.
The campaign in Oregon is- enter
ing upon its fijial stage with the Re
publican hosts leading strongly all
along the line.
How the Mexican soldiers must
laugh when a bullet strays across the
boundary and "accidentally" wounds
a gringo.
As usual the heaviest losses in the
latest border battle fall on the Amer
ican side. More fruits of watchful
waiting.
It would be interesting to know Just
how far from the firing line the Czar
and Kaiser remain while at the
front."
A local woman was given a decree
yesterday because her husband sulked
when the baby came. Did he expect
twins?
The Japanese tentacles are reaching
out slowly but surely. What will be
taken after Kiau-Chau and Jalult?
Automobile salesmen will note that
Lower Columbia Indians are due to
get a pot of money.
The Irishman at home or abroad
who barkens to John Redmond will
not go wrong.
A complete and overwhelming Re
publican landslide is the outlook for
November.
Make John Barrett sales manager of
the new trading in Central and South
America.
The ducks in Oregon can now real
ize the sensations of the soldiers in
Europe.
Until the war Is over Japan can
hold Jaluit. After the war is another
story.
What Rustem Bey appears to need
most is consultation with an alienist.
So far our prayers have not been
answered.
War colleges must subside during
the world series.
The allies appear to be getting left
on their left.
Antwerp seems destined to meet the
fate of Liege.
Must it be done over In Mexico?
PROVISIONS OF JUDICIARY BILL. 1
Mr. Davis Telia Ita Origin and Defines
Ita Purpose-m.
PORTLAND. Oct. 6. (To the Editor.)
I see by The Oregonian that J. B.
Kerr, in delivering an address before
the Current Events Class, at the First
Presbyterian Church Sunday, attacked
the non-partisan judiciary bill in the
following words: "The Davis bill for
a non-partisan Judiciary la absurd In
its provisions." It further says that
Mr. Kerr read extracts from the min
utes of the State Bar Association, show
ing that the bill had not -been indorsed
by that body.
When Mr. Kerr says that the State
Bar Association, at its annual meeting,
did not Indorse a non-partisan Judi
ciary bill, he is mistaken. That body
did indorse the bill to this extent: That
they went on record as favoring
non-partisan judiciary bill almost
unanimously, but they did not indorse
any particular bill, and a committee
composed of Judge C. U. Gantenbein,
Judge W. N. Gatens and myself was
selected, and after consulting with
other attorneys and persons who had
experience with the non-partisan judi
ciary bill in the State of Washington
and other states where It Is in vogue,
drafted tie present bill, -which was In
itiated by myself and will appear on
the ballot.
Mr. Kerr says that this bill is ab
surd. He does not say wherein it is
absurd, and I would like for Mr. Kerr
to state, if he can, so that the public
may know, what feature of this bill is
absurd.
If Mr. Kerr desires to debate this
question for the enlightenment of the
public I would be very glad to discuss
it with him, and I have no doubt but
that Judge Gatens or Judge Gantenbein
would discuss the absurdities of this
non-partisan judiciary bill with him.
The non-partisan Judiciary bill as in
itiated provides that all Judicial offi
cers within the state, from the Su
preme Judges to the Justices of the
Peace, shall merely file a petition with
the requisite number of names, and
their names uhall be placed upon the
ballot at the? general election without
any party designation after their
names. It also provides that no per
son who is a candidate, while such a
candidate, shall, by card, circular or in
any other manner, designate the polit
ical party or other affiliation to which
he belongs. It also makes it unlawful
for any political party or political as
sociation to nominate any person at
any primary election.
These are the principal provisions of
this act, and while I may be very
"dense," I am unable to discover any
thing that is "absurd" in the bill. 1
can readily see why Mr. Kerr considers
the bill "absurd," because he would
like for some political party or organ
ization to nominate and elect his
judges, but this makes it unlawful and
would subject the candidate, who is
nominated by a political organization.
to -forfeit his office. w. M. DAVis
WHEN EGGS WERE MUCH CHEAPER
Good Old Days When Dozen Could. Be
BooKbt for 8 Vi Cents.
HOOD RIVER. Or., Oct. 4. (To the
Editor.) If the new tariff has brought
everything down, why can't we fel
lows that have to earn our bread by
the sweat of our brow get things
cheaper? I have been reading much in
The Oregonian about the egg market
being ruined; so I thought I would
run down and get a dozen. Tou could
have knocked me down with a feather
when 1 asked the price and was told
they were 374 cents per dozen.
I also read in The Oregonian that
the beef market was being ruined by
beef being shipped in from foreign
countries. So I went to the butcher
shop, and when I .asked the price and
was told steak was 25 cents per pound,
I was stunned again.
Under the Republican Administra
tion I bought eggs for 8 cents per
dozen. Why Is it, if everything- is so
cheap under the Democratic Adminis
tration, that the laborer has to pay
such enormous prices.
T. J. M'KEAN.
Weed-End In the Villas.
London Sketch.
The Tourist (spending a week-end
in the village, to the oldest inhabitant)
Well, I don't know what you do here.
It s certainly the most dead-and-alive
show I was ever in. The Oldest In
habitant Ah. "e ought to wait till next
week, zur, an' see how the place 'ull
be stirred up then. The Tourist Why.
what's on next week? The Oldest In
habitant Plowin'.
Ivan the Fool
(From the fable of the same name.
i-rlt-islan
ten by Count Leo Tolstoi, the Russian
novelist, adapted by E. C. Frost.)
Once upon a time there lived in a
remote farming district of Russia a
farmer who had three sons.
The two elder when grown to man s
estate, being ambitious, secured from
their father theUhare of the inherit
ance and left thrfold farm, one becom
ing a large merchant in an adjacent
city, the other a King or Governor of
province.
In time both met with financial diffi
culties and were glad to return to the
old farm, now under the care of Ivan,
the younger son, who by thrift and hard
work had achieved moderate success.
Ivan cordially received his brothers and
shared with them and their families
the better part of his substance. In
spite of the sneers and discourtesies of
members of their families who looked
with disgust upon his lowly estate, the
best he had was cheerfully given
them.
Ivan, in assisting the King of his
province to regain his health, won the
hand of his daughter in marriage and
finally himself became King.
The luxurious life of a monarch did
not conduce to his health and well be
ing so he threw aside his royal robes
and again began to plow and work in
the fields.
His court officials notified him there
was no money in the treasury with
which to pay officials their salaries
now becoming due. "All right," he re
plied, "don't pay they will have more
time to work their farms."
So all the wise politicians left hie
court and kingdom and only the fools
were left. Those who remained worked,
prospered and there was happiness and
peace. -
A General of the late King's army
told Ivan that now be and his people
were growing rich they must have an
army. "All right," he replied, "get
one, but be sure and have plenty of
music. I am fond of it."
The General told the subjects they
must become soldiers; if the-? did not
the King would kill them. They ap
pealed to Ivan who replied: "How can
I, one man, have you all put to
death?"
Then they said: "We woj.'t be sol
aiers." Ivan replied: "Well don't."
Shortly after this the King of an
adjacent territory, hearing of Ivan's
helpless condition as a fighter and
knowing the richness of his people and
territory, gathered an army and com
menced an invasion.
Ivan Instructed his people to treat
them as firends, give them of their
forage and cattle, entertain and tell
them that if in their own country there
was not sufficient for the necessities
of themselves and their families, to
come and live with them and he their
neighbors, when they will soon be
well to do.
So the soldiers of tha invading King
told mm: we cannot nght these peo
ple and kill them; they are our best
friends; they treat us v-s brothers and
kinsmen.
As the conquering King and his of
ficers could not Ion kill, burn and
destroy so large a district, there was
soon peace and plenty in Ivan's dominion.
TOLL EXEMPTION HELD SUBSIDY.
Supporter of Hsslrj Criticise Hla Op
ponents for Supporting Issue.
PORTLAND, Oct. 5. (To the Editor.)
Some weeks ago in an editorial you
said Senator Chamberlain stood for free
tolls for our coastwise ships through
the Panama Canal because he knew it
would be political suicide to do other
wise, and in substance that he was for
himself first and his party afterwards;
that in all his campaigns for office he
invoked bi-partisan aid without being
committed to or giving adherence to
the basic principles of any party.
I only desire to discuss today one of
the above propositions the Senator's
position on the tolls question. Inasmuch
as the rate is so insignificant when
compared to the stupendous advantage
of the shorter route, trade free tolls
would be a gratuity and an uncalled-for
subsidy from our people to private snip
owners who already enjoy the special
privilege of carrying the coastwise
trade of the United States and all her
territorial possessions. Furthermore,
when we know that the toll" charge on
a box of apples is .034 of a cent, on a
pound of wool .0006 of a cent, on a yard
of gingham .000125 of a cent, on a thou
sand feet of lumber 62 cents, we must
conclude that it would require fine
bookkeepers and a more sensitive and
responsive conscience to get a fair di
vision from the beneficiaries than here
tofore if any of the gift filtered into
the pockets of the producer or con
sumer.
Outside of the Importance of the in
ternational question Involved the re
peal of the canal tolls as an economic
question alone was hot of sufficient
magnitude to merit the fight made tor
it by the newspapers in Portland and
by Senator Chamberlain in Washington.
As a basic principle of true Republican
ism and genuine Democracy, however,
it is of prime importance. Lincoln's
ideal government was one of all the
people, by the people and for the peo
pie. Jeffersonian Democracy stands for
equal rights for all and special privi
leges to none. Bounties and subsidies
are placed In neither of these categor
ies, and a Senator supporting such
measures is entering a field tenanted
by such standpatters and subsidists as
Foraker. Smoot and Penrose.
Our senior Senator takes himself all
too seriously, when he says it is to
over again, patriots on one side and
tories on the other. When he awakes
from his dream he will find himself on
this question out of alignment with the
Democratic party and its great leader,
Woodrow Wilson, and on the Repub
lican reservation contending for votes
with Mr. Bnoth, the exponent of high
tariffs to fill the dinner pail as well as
for subsiotes and free tolls.
In the meantime in the highways and
byways, in the hills and the valleys,
and. on the plains of Oregon the elec
torate are already attracted to the
candidacy of William Hanley, the Lin
coln Republican, the Woodrow Wilson
Democrat, and large-hearted Oregonian,
who knows Oregon and her needs, and
who. by their votes they expect to
place in the upper house of Congress,
that they may have an evergrowing,
more prosperous and a greater state,
meanwhile leaving his competitors to
discuss what is political suicide and
what is a Democrat, what is a subsidy
and what is a Republican.
J. S. HARDY.
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE PROBLEM
Frequency of V'nmarryina; Due to Poor
Quality of Marriages.
PORTLAND, Oct. 5. (To the Editor.)
It is quite safe to say that the courts
of our city are weary of nothing so
much as complaints for divorce. These
divorce trials might appropriately be
called cases of legal surgery.
As things go now, there is no way
to prevent them. No man is so im
moral or cruel that he may not marry
the purest, the most refined and sen
sitive woman. There is no woman so
unreal, so enfeebled in body and mor
als by peroxide, chloral, flirtation and
worse that she may not rope In some
honorable man. and become, perchance,
the mother of children, better unborn.
There is no pauper who may not
wed a pauper and proceed to breed
more paupers for the public charge.
There is no felon running loose in so
ciety who may not make a base play
at wedlock, imparting his diseased body
and soul to a- helpless woman and his
offspring. True, the laws of Oregon
are framed to prevent it, but the trip
is a short one to Vancouver, where no
questions are asked.
There is no rich woman who may not
become the victim of a mercenary
spendthrift scamp, who cares not :
bean for her. There is no way of pre
venting a man and woman who do not
love each other unseitisniy, ana per
manently, from marrying through pure
animalism, the woman to be thrown out
like a dead cat In the street, when she
ceases to be a plaything.
On matters of marriage and divorce,
a vision is entertained by the under
signed, old fogy as it may be, of the
sacredness of wedlock, its purity, its
unselfishness, patience, tenderness and
loyalty through sorrow and sickness,
through ill fortune, fading fairness and
clash of temperaments, that shall make
unmarrying less common.
As long, however, as men and women
marry as they do, the courts will be
forced to intervene J. a. CL.lN.fc,.
Law on Divorce.
MILWAUKIE, Or., Oct. 5. (To the
Editor.) For the benefit of several in
terested readers of The Oregonian, will
you kindly answer this Inquiry through.
The Oregonian columns.'
1. Was there an act which became
law in Oregon legalizing divorces which
may have, been obtained illegally, and
if this is the case, when did this law
become effective?
2. Is it not a fact that a third person.
relative or otherwise, is powerless to
bring an action to set aside a divorce?
Yours truly. CONSTANT READER.
(1) In 1911 the Legislature passed an
act validating divorces previously
granted where the law making the
state a party defendant in divorce suits
had not been complied with.
In 1913 remarriages within less than
six months after issuance of divorce
decree when contracted prior to the
passage of said act of 1913 were val
dated. Under the same law neither
party to a divorce may now marry a
third person until the suit has been de
termined on appeal, and in no case un
til the expiration of six months after
date of decree.
(2) Under certain circumstances the
District Attorney could bring action
to set aside a divorce. The guardians
or parents of an insane person fraud
ulently divorced could probably bring
action to set aside the decree.
From Town to Country.
Birmingham, Ala, Age Herald.
"An we went to a big department
shop," said Uncle Jed, on his return
home, "an' we got into one o' them 'ere
things wot whizzes ye clean up to the
top wot in tarnation is their name,
mar "Shopliftej-s, Jedediar." Mrs.
Shucks replied.
-In anil Out" of Society.
The Club Fellow.
Miss Parvenu I was almost sorry,
ma, that you ' spoke so rudely to that
poor little Mrs. Willis. Mamma Well,
my dear, pray where is the satisfaction
of being in the best society if you can
not snub those who are out of it?
HiKh-ThlnklaR Cult.
Exchange.
Scroggins Well, do you still belong
to the High Thinking Cult? Nutlcy
Naw! While I waa busy repeating
'Healta. wealth, success.' the fellow
ju&t below me grabbed my job.
Twenty-Five Years Ago
.From The Oregonian of October . 1SS9.
West Point. V V Tho nnrtmlta Of
Grant. Sherman and herkian were
unieuea here todav amid Imnrcsslva
ceremonies, attended by the Interna
tional American Congress and other in
vldidual notables. The portraits were
presented by Ueorge W. Childs. A bat
talion of cadets marched in review
before the visitors. General Horace
Porter spoke and General Sherman,
who Is the sole survivor of the trio of
famous Generals, was also present.
Paris. Walter A. Wood has received
the highest award on general harvester
and binder, gold medal on reaper and
gold medal on mower and the grand
prize on general exhibit at the World's
Exposition here. No American ever re
ceived at any world's fair so many
prizes on a similar exhibit.
New Orleans. The steamer Corona,
of the Ouachita Consolidated Line, was
wrecked and lost by an explosion of
her boilers today nearly opposite Port
Hudson. The Anchor Line steamer City
of St. Louis saved a number of the
passengers and crew of the Corona.
About 40 lives were lost, and all feight.
Astoria. A letter has just been re
ceived from the revenue cutter Bear
telling of her operations in the Arc
tic Dayton. Wash. Miss Mary I. Jessee.
a prominent society lady of this city
and daughter of Hon. D. M. Jessee. of
Walla Walla, and a sister of J. W.
Jessee. clerk of the District Court, was
married at midnight to A C. Hawson, a
prosperous merchant of Arlington, Or.
The wedding was the most brilliant
event of the season. Rev. J. W. Knowles
officiated.
Indiana has four more Hoosiers well
on the road to fame. A, C. Mellette,
elected Governor of South Dakota, was
once an editor of a Muncie paper. John
L Wilson, elected to Congress from
Washington, was a lawyer at Craw
fordsville. H. C. Hansrough. who goes
to Congress from North Dakota, is
a native Hoosier. Gideon C. Moody,
of South Dakota, is from New Aloany.
lnd.. a lawyer and Army man. ne is
candidate for the United States Senate.
Martin Maginnis, who ran for Congress
in Montana, is also a Hoosier.
Washington. Tzui Twohyu, newly
appointed Chinese Minister to the
United States, was today presented to
the President by Secretary Blaine.
L. A. Radcliffe, of the O. R. & N.
company, is a happy father. His baby
boy was awarded the first prize for boy
babies at the exposition.
Briggs, Ferguson & Co.. large real
estate operators of San Francisco, are
about to open offices in Portland.
Forest Grove. James D. Griffin.
brother of ex-Postmaster Griffin, died
here or organic heart trouble.
E. M. Rands, editor of the Oregon
City Enterprise, was in Portland yes
terday.
Mrs. A. B. Plllsburv and her sister.
Ada Coburn, left last night for a visit
in Astoria.
The new elevator of the Pacific Coast
Elevator Company was started up yes
terday. Half a Century Ago.
(From the Orejconian, October a, aso-i.j
Mrs. E. Van Fridagh. the French mil
liner, whose shop js at 107 First street.
has announced the arrival or tne latest
Paris and New York patterns In hats
and tonnets. New goods received by
almost every steamer.
That "eternal vigilance is the price of
liberty, should be especially remem
bered by every lover of his country at
this critical juncture of our nation s
peril. Every loyal man should con
sider himself a Union sentinel.
Boise City Mr. Bledsoe of the Wells
Fargo & Company express, informs us
that in crossing the Blue Mountains
last week he encountered a severe snow
storm. The weather in the Powder
River valley, he said, was so intensely
cold that his whiskers were white with
frost and the lakes covered with ice.
Salem The bill to organize Grant
county was up for the second reading
today. Mr. Underwood moved to make
the name "Granite." but the bill was
ordered up for third reading tomorrow
and the name will probably go down in
history as Grant. The Specific Coneract
law called up some sr-icy debate when
the House resolved itself into a com
mute of the whole for consideration
of the nutter. Mr. Hacker, in commit
tee on different motions, denounced the
bill, but said the House was so infatu
ated with it no doubt the bill would be
parsed. Mr. Thornton, though unwell,
had a word to say and that he was
against it for pood and plenty. Mr.
Lafolet called the member to order
during the debate and in reply was
told to attend to his "phrenology." The
members of the House Insisted that la .
Thornton (from Benton county) have
his say.
Miss Amy M. Chamberlain, of New
York. and'E. G. Randall, of Portland,
were married at the home of W. P.
Doland, October 7, by Rev. P. S. Caffrey.
The Common Council has approved a
bill for J132 for J. D. Dunseth for ser
vices rendered in painting the Plaza
fence. A bill for JS8.50 has been ap
proved the same being for salary for A.
Holbrook, as City Attorney from July
to October. The bill for 37S.5 from
James W Going, for services as City
Assessor, was laid on the table.
George Smith has lost a purse con
taining 200 in gold dust. It was lost
somewhere, either on the steamer New
World or between her wharf and the
Temperance House, on Tuesday, Oc
tober 4.
More than 90 teams pouring into
Portland from the farming country to
th3 South were counted by an observing
citizen yesterday. The teams were
hailing from the Forest Grove district
and from points on the Tualatin plains.
One Man'a Amusement.
Exchange.
One man's amusement may be torture
fcr another.
Move the
Cotton Crop
Put it on the backs of American
women and men in the shape of
finished products.
Send the piled up bales through
to American spinners and American
mills sell the finished product
over the counters of the American
merchants.
America can't use all the cotton
she can grow, but she can use a
great deal more than she is doing
today.
Every retailer has a chance to
encourage this movement by push
ing the sales of cotton goods.
Cotton sales will not only appeal
to patriotism, but they should
profit the consumer, for the staple
and its weaves are never likely to
b. cheaper.
Push the sales of cotton goods.
Start the mills. Keep them goi,V
t