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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 24, 1914)
TIIE MOHNING OREGOXIAX, THURSDAY, SETTTvJIT?F:il 24, 1914. 3 GERMAN SWIFTNESS DUE TO 4 FACTORS Heavy Guns, Traveling Kitch ens, Sturdy Troops and Air- men Enable Fast Advance. BOMB DROPPER GIVES VIEW Survival of Duel In Air Over Paris Held Due to Inability or Foes i to Carry High Kxploslves. British Best Soldiers. BERLIN, Sept. 12. (Correspondence of the Associated Press. Four factors largely responsible for the success of the German arms in the first month's operations against France were the heavy artillery of the field army, the traveling field kitchens accompanying the troops, the sturcy legs of the Ger man soldiers and the service of scout ing and information of the German aviation corps. , This .verdict by one of the German military aviators, boastful though it may seem, in its Inclusion of his own branch of the service. Is confirmed by the opinion of other officers, who have bad opportunity of observing opera tions at the front and who agree com pletely with him as to the great serv ice rendered by the aviators in locating the hostile forces, establishing their strength, following every movement of the hostile columns and marking down the positions of the enemy's artillery or trenches witli such precision that the German fire could be directed upon them without wasting a shot. Howltr Moat Effective. Both German and foreign critics have United in thoroughgoing appreciation of the work of the German heavy artil lery not the mammoth 16 4-inch siege mortars, which smashed Liege and Namur, Manon, Villiers, Longwy and Miubeuge into submission and surren der In a few hours or days, but the heavy howitzer batteries, which ac company the field army and have been used with terrible effect in all the great battles of the war. In regard to field Runs, .the French artillery has proved a most worthy op ponentGerman officers cheerfully ad mit that the French iield gun practice has been remarkable but thus far they have had nothing to oppose the heavy German artillery, which by Its indi rect, plunging fire, has rendered - trenches and gun positions untenable and has pounded retiring troops from orderly retreat into full flight. The sturdy legs of the German in fantrymen have made possible the great flanking armies, which officers Bay have averaged 25 miles or more a day, and whenever they have halted, whenever a pause in the battle gave opportunity, the whole camp kitchens, drawn by four-horse teams, have been on hand ready to serve out meat stew or hot coffee to- the soldiers. Fritz Werner, the military aviator quoted above, is in civil life a society man, a crack tennis player in the Bad liomburg tournaments. Questioned about the series of en gagements in which the British army was rolled back before the advancing flood of German troops. Lieutenant Werner sketched with a pencil a rough ly accurate map of the Franco-Belgian frontier region. inserted Mons, Le Cateau, St. Quentin, Amiens, Leon and Compiegne and embarked. on an illustrated description "of that part of tue uerman campaign. British. Declared Best Soldiers. His estimate of the lighting qualities of the allied forces tallies with that cf higher officers of the general staff. who have returned from duty to the xront. "Except at first at Liege," he said "the Belgians ran away almost with out fighting. The practice of the French artillery was excellent. The British were the best soldiers that we met. In the first engagements, before their morale was shaken by repeated deieats and heavy losses, they stuek to their trenches doggedly. Officers and men stayed in the trenches keeping up the fire until our men were right upon them. Our heavy artillery and the way in which our men kept coming regardless of losses finally got them and then they ran, too. "I heard at headquarters that - the British were excellent at Kleinkrief minor tactics). They were great at preparing a trap for us in a village. would lie low in the houses on either side of the main street, get machine funs ready at the windows and when our columns came along would let the advance party get clear into town be- lore opening fire. They usually got most of the advance party, but what difference does the loss of SO men or so make in settling a big battle? They were great, too, in night raids, causing our pickets considerable an noyance, but without affecting the general result. Air Duel Described. "Our men! I saw some of our boys. the first under 15, standing up to dig bullets out of the walls in which they had stuck, or holding up their caps to oatch a bullet." Werner's flight over Paris and his dropping- of bombs and bulletins of German victories have already been mentioned in cabled dispatches. On his return from Paris, Werner said, he had been pursued by two aero planes, an English-Bristol biplane and a French biplane. Both were faster and quicker climbers and they soon got above the German aeroplane and Hew along on one side of it while he and his companions emptied their re volvers, exchanging shots with the enemy. Had either of the other avta tors had a bomb he could easily have gotten above the Germans and wrecked their machine, but after an anxious ten minutes they gave up the attack and returned to Paris. (This incident was mentioned In dispatches from Paris at the time.) The French machines were too light ly built for war purposes, smashed up too easily and if leit out in the rain lacking a hanger, became useless, h said. This accounted, he thought, for the failure of the French aeroplane corps to accomplish what had been ex pected of it- Casualties In the aviation corps, ' he said, had been remarkably light, con sidering the risks. Little danger was experienced from hostile fire. One of his comrades, in the habit of going out without an observer in order to carry more bombs, failed to return. It was learned later that his motor had stopped while he was within the Belgian lines. In attempting to smash his aeroolane while landing, as in structed by regulations, he was thrown out and badly injured. ' He is now in the hospital at Antwerp. back and burn with the cathedral or we -will shoot them here. "'You are mad!" I exclaimed In re ply. 'Think of what this means. All the world will hear of the crime the Germans have committed here, and if you shoot these men the world will know that France has been as criminal in her turn. Anyhow,' I said, 'you shall shoot me first, for I will not move. Crowd Beats Wonidid Men. "Unwillingly - the soldiers lowered their rifles and I turned to six Ger man officers who were among the wounded and asked if they would obey me and do everytmng I told them to. They said they would, and I asked them to tell their men to do the same. Then I made them up In a solid body, those who could walk unaided carrying or helping thoss who could not. I put myself at the head and we set off to the Hotel De Ville. which Is only a few hundred yards away. "Well, then the crowd who were mad with grief and rage set on us. I can not describe it. You have never seen anything so dre'adful as that scene. They beat some of the Germans and i some of them they got down. "'Can't you help me?' I called to a French officer I caught sight of. '"You 'Will never get to the Hotel De Ville like this,' he ' replied, so I forced my wounded through the gate way of a private house and we man aged to close the gates after us. "They had been roughly handled, some of them, and they stayed there a day and a night before we could move them again." uVADQQ DENOUNCES HOARDING 8Y BANKS Government Funds Withheld From All That Refuse Rea sonable Accommodation. CURRENCY MUST BE USED BERLIN Sept. 2S. The committee appointed by the German Governor of Brussels to care for the art treasures of that city has just turned In a report of an Inspection of Louvain. From this inspection, the committee says. It is apparent that the damage done to the churches. Hotel de Ville and the' library of Louvain has been exaggerated. All the works of art are now in the Hotel de Ville. which was not damaged at alL The Church of St. Peter lost part of Its rool, and there are small holes in the vaulted ceilings of St. Michael's Church and St, Jacob's. St. Hubert's chapel and the Church of St. Gertrude are intact. The facade of the beautiful university was damaged, but it will be possible to repair it. Sixth of Louvain Destroyed. About one-sixth of the city -was de stroyed. . All of Depot street, the build ings about' the Place du Peuple and the houses " about the town hall a nd St, Peter's were dynamited by order of the commandant to prevent the flames from reaching the town hall. German officers saved pictures rrom St. Peter's while the roof of this church was burning. Among these paintings were the famous "Last Supper," "The Martyrs" and "The Martyrdom of St, Erasmus." which are absolutely un damaged. in Liege all the art treasures are in tact, according to the committee. BERLIN. Sept. ' 23, by Wireless via Say ville, L. L The official .report of the art commission for Belgium says all the ' art works and monumental buildings in Louvain and in Liege were saved.' The only exceptions were the contents . of the - Library building at Louvain. Cathedral Ordered Spared. NEW YORK. Sept. 23. Count Von Bernstorff, the German Ambassador to the United States, received the follow Ing wireless dispatch late today , from the German foreign office at Berlin: 'The German government states of ficially, in contradiction of the Havas Agency report that the German artil lery purposely destroyed important buildings in Kheims, that' orders were given to spare the Cathedral by. all means. KAISER PRAISES TROOPS THANKS FOR VERDUN , ' GIVEN. VICTORY Emperor Q,uoted aa Saylns to Clergy' man i "I Did All I Could to Keep the Peace. " LONDON, Sept. 23. Emperor Will iam, after . reviewing the Imperial Grenadiers, commanded by his son Prince Oscar, following the battle of Verdun, spoke to the troops, says Copenhagen dispatch to the Dally News. I salute you," said the Emperor, after embracing the Prince. "I have often seen your gallant regiment at maneuvers, and it is a great pleas ure to meet you again on conquered grounds. 'The heroic deeds will be en&rraved on the history of the war forever in gold en letters. Your regiment has upheld the glorious traditions of your fore fathers in 1870 and 1871. 'The armies of the Crown Prince and Duke Albrecht of Wurttemberg have advanced while our eastern arm has thrown three Russian army corps over the frontier, and two more Rus sian army corps have been captured in the field. 'For all these victories we have one God to thank and he is our ancient God who is over us." "1 did all I could to keep the peace, the Emperor is quoted as having sal to a clergyman, "but our enemies would not have peace. Now we 'will have to crush them to the ground." Co-operation of Treasury Refused Unless Interest Rates Are Fair. Xames of Offenders to Be Published Daily. WASHINGTON, Sent. 23. Secretary McAdoo tonight adopted stringent measures to urge National banks to ex tend legitimate credit and charge nor mal Interest rates on loans. He tele graphed to ten National banks in the our reserve cities in the South that their requests for additional crop- moving funds from the Federal Gov eminent would not be granted at this time, and made it clear that his action wae taken in connection with reports of excessive interest rates and restric tion of credits. In a statement made public with the telegram Mr. McAdoo declared that there was an extraordinary hoarding if money by banks throughout the coun try and piling up of reserves without occasion. He said reports to the Con troller of the Currency showed that money-hoarding had been carried on by banks to an extreme degree, and an nounced that he expected to focus at tention on the guilty banks by issuing daily list of those with excessive re serves. Hoarding; of Money Denounced. Although the Federal Government has no power over state banks or trust companies, the Secretary explained that state superintendents would be asked to furnish available information on money-hoarding in such institutions. He characterized money-hoarding by banks as the agency most likely to lm pair confidence and injure business. The statement in full follows: "I have decided not to deposit the second installment of crop-moving funds with your bank at this time. You can, however, if you desire, withdraw one-half of the securities deposited by you and use them ae security for the Issue of additional currency if you make application therefor. I am informed that many banks in your state are re fusing to make any loans for crop moving purposes and that in many cases good loans are rejected or un reasonable rates . of interest asked. I m also Informed that many - banks which have taken out additional cur rency are refusing to use it, in spite of great demands for money. I trust you are not doing this. All Must Pull Together. I shall withdraw all Government deposits from banks . charging exces sive rates of interest, or which refuse reasonable accommodations, and I shall refuse to issue so-called emergency currency to banks which are not mak ing use of it on reasonable terms for the benefit of the business community. It is essential in the present situation that everybody pull together in an un selfish spirit for the good of the coun try. 1, of course, expect the banks to make a reasonable charge for accom modations. My point is that the charge; must De reasonable, as the co-operation and help of the Treasury will not. be extended on any other basis. The reports of National banks now being received by the Controller of the" Currency in response to his call for a statement of condition as of September 12 indicate an extraordinary hoarding of money by many National banks in various sections of the country. I am astonished that so many of the Na tional banks are pursuing a course so co'ntrary to the public Interest and so indefensible from many points of view. There is neither occasion nor necessity tor it. List to Be Published Dally. "Full reports have not yet been re ceived by the Controller, but they are coming In daily. I intend to begin issuing daily a list of banks which are hoarding money by maintaining exces sive reserves, in order that the country may know how they are performing their duty; The reports of National banks are public property, anyway, and while they have been published in their respective communities, the signifi cance of their statements is not gen erally understood. The public does not know how to analyze them. My pur pose is to locus attention on the ex cessive reserves carried by those banks. for the reserves indicate whether or not the banks are using their full re sources for the relief and accommoda tion of business . in their respective communities. "It is a matter of extreme regret that the Government has not the power to eTiact similar statements from the state banks and trust companies throughout the country, because I am satisfied from certain reports which 1 have come to me tnat many of the Victor and Columbia Talking Machines $1.00 Down $1.00 Week Ml m. a t. it.! M "V I. . New Boucle Service Coats $12.50 Coats with the new fashion notes and thoroughly, prac tical, because they are good for all Winter as well as Autumn wear. Made with wide belt or velvet piping in the back, forming modified empire effect. The sleeves are set in deep armholes and finished with wide cuffs. Collars of velvet or self material trimmed with tiny buttons. These coats are 48 inches in length and come in navy. brown, Russian green and black Tailored Suits of All-Wool Poplin $18.75 If these women's suits were cut and fashioned in the usual $18.75 way there would be little to say about them. But if you will examine the suits themselves you will see that every detail of tailoring is beyond criticism, and cut on lines to fit. They are modeled on long Redingote lines, so becoming to every woman. The coat is 45 inches in length and trimmed with black tailored braid and buttons. Large reveres- are fastened under the flaring collar and sleeves are set in. Skirt pointed yoke, pleated full length. These suits are shown in navy, plum, brown, Russian green and black. HOOVER Suction Sweeper $5.00 Down $5.00 Month U ! de with a deep Floor Third A House Dress and Apron Sale That Will Interest the Housewife - $1.50 Dresses, Special, 95c Neat, well-made dressesof chambray and percale, in stripes, .checks and figures, in light and dark colors. Made in a variety of different styles, with sailor and small collars, also Byron collar and vest effect, skirts made with pleat in back and piped waistline. Waists are buttoned down the front or on side and trimmed with rnntrach'na material anrl nmm. Short sleeves. Colors blue, lavender, cadet, tan and black and white. Sizes 34 to 46. $2.00 and $2.75 Dresses, $1.59 Most attractive are these dresses of ginghams, percales and chambray. and many of them are made in styles that can be worn on the street as well as in the house. The variety is too great to describe in detail, but there are dresses with and without collars, yoke effects, belted and piped waist lines, plain and panel back skirts, plain and pleated waists, sleeves in drop shoulder or set-in style, long or short. Trimmings of embroidery, con trasting bands, pipings and buttons, in an endless variety of the prettiest styles we have had for a long time. All sizes. Colors are light blue, lavender, pink. gray, black and white, in stripes. checks, figures and plain colors. Gingham and Chambray Coverall Aprons 59c 57 Inches Long Made in coverall style, with round neck and short kimono sleeves, belted back and pocket. Trimmed with bands and piping. These aprons are made in an extra long length, of fine quality of gingham and chambray. in blue, pink, lavender, tan, black and white, in stripes, checks and plain colors. 57-lnch Percale Coverall Aprons, 50c An extra length apron of excellent quality percale, in desirable colors, light and dark. Made with round neck, kimono sleeves, pocket and belted back, trimmed with white pipings. Caps to match either of these aprons, 12c each. Fourth Floor Wash Fabrics for Autumn Wear Printed Voiles, Special, 22c Tinted grounds with contrasting floral designs in desirable Autumn colorings. This fabric is 36 inches wide, beautiful and soft in finish. Specially suited to use for party dresses, house dresses, kimonos and dressing sacques. Colors are blues, pinks, navy, onion, cerise and corn. 60c and 75c Plaid Ratine, 35c Fall and Winter weight ratine, full 36 inches wide, in a variety of multi-colored broken plaids, in light and dark effects, yarn dyed, and is woven the same on both sides. Very pretty for children's school dresses. 35c Plaid Crepes, 25c Soft crepes in broken and Tartan plaids, checks, etc, admirably suitable for children's school dresses and for trimming purposes. Many colors and patterns to select from. Juvenile Cloth, Special, 20c This well-known fabric needs no introduction. Firmly woven, finely finished, absolutely fast color, 32 inches wide. Comes in a large assortment of checks, stripes and plaids in patterns especially desirable for boys and girls' wear. Imported Bath Robe Flannel 27 Inches Wide, Without Border, 35c 32 Inches Wide, With Trimming Border, 40c A heavy, firm bath and lounging robe flannel of reversible con struction, in floral, scroll and Persian patterns, in two-toned and mixed colored effects. This flannel will give excellent service and comes in a weight specially suitable for Fall and Winter wear. Basement THREE WEEKS' DEMONSTRATION Fleisher Yarns Lipman, Wolfe & Co. invite you to attend the classes in knitting and crocheting to be held in our art needlework department, begin ning Monday, September 28. An instructor direct from the Fleisher factory, will be here to give you personal instruction, free. Fifth Floor. st-.te banks and trust companies, like many of the National banks, are hoard ing money and refusing to extend legit imate credits. I shall ask the superin tendents of banks in the various states to co-operate with the Government by supplying reports of the conaition oi the state banks and trust companies. Action Declared to Hurt Business. "These banks that are ' hoarding money should discontinue it. Such ac tion, more than any other agency, tends to impair confidence and injure busi ness. If all the banks or tne country will do their duty in the present cir cumstances by extending legitimate credits at reasonable rates of interest. the most serious of our difficulties will promptly disappear. The economic and financial condition of the country is sound throughout. The most essential thing now for our prosrerity is the prompt conduct Of business on a normal basis." The Secretary's statement was Issued tonight "after the Federal Reserve Board, of which he is an ex-officio member, had listened for several hours to pleas for assistance from the "com mittee of u of tne .farmers union, which came to Washington to urge direct Federal loans to cotton produc ers. The committee was told that it was impossible for the Government to do more for them than It already has tried to do. Two thousand feet above the surface of the eartn air is i r itum genua. CZAR MAY REVIVE PACT RENEWAL OF" ABROGATED AMERI CAN TREATY POSSIBLE. Intentions of Russia and Sweden to En- ' ter Peace Commission Agree ment Announced. "WASHINGTON. Sept- 23 Russia's manifestation of friendship for the United States, expressed In her an nounced Intention of signing a peace commission treaty, may lead to nego tiation for a new treaty of commerce and navigation between the two coun tries to replace the one abrogated our ing the Taft Administration. This was the view of many -Diploma tists and officials when it became known that Secretary Bryan had re ceived word of the intention of the Russian government to negotiate treaty along the same lines as those with Great Britain. France. Spain and China, reported favorably by the Sen ate today. These treaties would sub mit all disputes that cannot be settled by diplomacy to a permanent commls sion for investigation during a period of one year and are regarded by the Washington Government as a practical safeguard against the sudden outbreak of war. Officials expressed the view that Russia's reported modification of strin gent regulations against the Jews be cause of their loyalty to tne govern ment in its struggle in the present Eu ropean war mlght(pave the way for an understanding for a new treaty. The treaty was denoifnced by Congress and became inoperative January 1. 1913. be cause it was Interpreted by Russia as permitting the exclusion of American ews from her dominions. Secretary Bryan announced -tonight that Sweden had agreed to sign a peace YESTERDAY'S BATTLE LINE IN TRANCE SHOWN BY WAR MAP. MOB ATTACKS WOUNDED (Continued From First Page.) soldiers with their rifles already lev- el led. "I sprang forward. 'What are you doinsr?" I cried. "'They shall all burn,' shouted the I soldiers in answer. They shall go commission treaty along the lines of those previously signed with other na tions. This brings the number of peace treaties up to 28, including those nego tiated and in process of consummation. Neither Germany nor'Japan has sig nified a willingness to sign similar pacts as yet. but the subject is under consideration by them. War begins this morning at Calef Bros., East Third and Kast Morrison Closing out and Are sale. Furniture prices shot to pieces. A bombardment -of prices throughout the store. Adv. a Ike Gasoline of Quality Use it because it has made good with thousands of motorists use it because the best gasoline we can Standard Oil Company (CALIFORNIA) Portland TO THE NORTHWEST IS SHOWN ST. O.UENTI.V, WHERE ALLIES CLAIM TO HAVE TURNED VON XUN, WHERE .GERMANS CLAIM GAINS. NEAR CENTER LINE IS RHEIMS, W1I1C K LUCK'S ARM V. It OERMANS ARE IN SOl'THE STILL ASS AST IS SHOWN VER-I AILING. i it's f make.