Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 16, 1914)
TTIE MORNING OREGOXIAy, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1G. 1914. mrimtmt rORTLAXD. OREGON. -red at Portland. Oregon. Postofflce cond-class matter. jvptlon Rates Invariably In Advance. In (By Mall) t oununy mciuaea, one year fo.vu y, Sunday Included, alx months ..... y, Sunday Included, three months ... 2.25 y, Sunday Included, one month 73 y, without Sunday, one year ....... 8.00 y, without Sunday, six months y. without Sunday, three months .... X."iS y, without Sunday, one month ...... .bi Itly, one year 1.60 lay, one year li-50 iay and Weekly, one year o.oO (By Carrier) y. Sunday Included, one year ....99.00 y, Sunday Included, one month ...... .70 ow to Kerolt Send PostoCflce money or express order or personal check on your 1 bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at er s risK. uive fostornce address in lull, udlng county and state. imtaKS Kates 12 to IS pages, 1 cent: 18 i pages, 2 cents; 84 to 41 pages, 8 cents; o Do pages, 4 cents; 82 to 76 pages, t : 1 8 to U2 pages, 6 cents. Foreign post double rates. astern Business Offices Verree tc Conk New York, Brunswick: building. Chl- . Stenger building. in Francisco Office K. J. Bldweli Co., Market street. tTLANB, WEDNESDAY. SEPT. 16. 1914. EXHAUSTED ARMIES, ornething serious has happened to ck the German offensive move it. That has become more and re apparent as the days have ed and the full extent of the Ger- n rearward movement has become arent. Not only has the left and center been pressed back upon vlously prepared trenches In what o ants to little less than a rout, but whole line has lost Its momentum, least for the time being, 'he recent conduct of the German iy In France contrasts strangely h. the earlier stages of the cam gn. Yet It Is not so strange when reflect upon the limitations of hu- n beings no matter how well they be trained and organized. Phy- a endurance has its limits, and it apparent that the German strate s and tacticians attempted to go ond what Nature would endure, viewing their fighting units as ts of a prodigious machine they rlooked Its . human weaknesses, y were so Intent upon action that y failed to allow for the Inevitable ction. 'his reaction is evidently what has ick the Germany army, or a major tlon of It In Prance. All accounts ee that German horses and men ?re captured have been in an ex isted and famished condition. en'a man is in that condition, he tripped of those staunch qualities ch go into the makeup of the first s fighting man. Weariness and iger quell the spirit of the most resslve warrior. Vhen the Germans took the field y sought to take full advantage of erior mobility and co-ordination. y struck blow after blow. Whole ps fought by day and marched by ht. Even before they had passed ough Belgium the several corps of right wing were on the point 6f austlon. On into France they e pressed; tired troops compelled tnake forced marches of as high as ty miles a day. Then there is evl- ce that they did not receive suf- fent food supplies. The lines were nded more rapidly than the sup system. There was little time for aging and whole armies went on rt rations. Jut, tired as they were, visions of cess led them on. General von ick approached within a few miles Paris only to find his position un able and Insufficient support at id from Von Buelow's army. Thus he hour when his army must have n at the point of exhaustion, re- tt was made necessary. The men i to retrace their weary footsteps e after mile, while infantry, cav- and artillery harassed their rear 1 flanks. Thousands of these ex isted men necessarily had to en- Ire in the rearguard actions, halt- to fight back the pursuit until main column gained time, then nlng on to keep in touch with the in column, only to be forced Into '.on a little later. But for the fact t the French and British were har- ed by the' same monsters of fa te the German retreat at this point ht have resulted in. even more ious German disaster. As it was. allies had only the advantage of luickened spirit that came from ;nlng, of being the aggressors for time being. . Vhlle the situation is not yet fully ir, it . is probable that history I record a grave German mistake the first great offensive movement. mistake of failing to recognize nan limitations. Had the senior r-ers been compelled to march with Ir armies this exhaustion might have occurred. Junior officers, to sure, shared all the hardships with ir men. But the officers who de- d when to march and when to it were comfortably provided with ses or automobiles. Even if the ply system broke down completely y were able to eat their fill from vately arranged sources of supply. slbly they got even less sleep than men, but a man In an automobile h plenty to eat can do very well h two or three hours' sleep each for a considerable period, which aot the case of a man walking and ning 10 and 12 hours a day with ufflcient food. letreating to points which can be d or where reinforcements of fresh ops can aid in holding the French suit in check, the German armies y be able to recuperate quickly, djust their lines, give men and ani ls a breathing spell, and again ume the offensive. German inac- ty along a considerable portion of front may have been undertaken this purpose. It is disclosed that some Ume the German engineers jv-e been busy preparing entrench- nts in which the retreating columns ht find cover. But in the mean- to the allies have gained a new pe, have completed their mobiliza- n and may prove a more stubborn when again advanced upon. GOOD IDEAS. Superintendent Alderman's opening Uress to his teachers this year was nmendably free from cut and dried 1 agog-ism. It was full of timely as. He said among other admir- e things that "We must teach the btherhood of man as never before. Y must hold our people together a teach them that the one ideal is vice. We .must teach the spirit co-operation, of our dependence on one another." fThe Ideal of human brotherhood a been floating vaguely about the Jrld for a good many centuries. One Ionization after another has taken up without seeming to make much t of it. Plenty of sermons, poems d orations have been produced to glory, but the consequences have t been as weighty as one could have wished. Now we shall see what hap pens when the public schools take hold of it. They are usually pretty efficient in their undertakings. Per haps they will succeed where others have -failed. If they do' they will put an end to the war, for militarism and the doctrine of human brother hood can not live together in the same world. MORE TAXES AND NO ECONOMY. President Wilson has not shown "a conspicuous degree of respect for campaign pledges and party plat forms; but one declaration in the document adopted at Baltimore in 1912 would seem Just now to be en titled to consideration. It had to do with the important subject of taxes and Government expenditures, and was: We denounce the profligate waste of the money wrung from the people by oppressive taxation of recent Republican Congresses which have kept taxes high end reduced the purchasing power of the people's tolL We demand a return to that simplicity and economy which befits a democratlo govern ment, and a reduction in the number of use less offices, the salaries of which drain the substance of the people. What has the President ever said for retrenchment? What has Con gress done for economy? The great joint Presidential and Congressional enterprise now is to wring more money from the people by oppressive taxation, without a thought of saving the people from the need of new taxes by less Congres sional and executive extravagance. TWO KINDS OF HARMONY. "In his candidacy for Congress," blandly remarks the Evening Journal, "it is decidedly to the advantage of Mft-Flegel that he will, if elected, be in i.Srmony with the policies of W Wilson." Injsjth'er words, there will be no Flegei vblce, and no Portland voice, in Congress, but merely one more Wilson voice. What has become of the old-fashioned ideal democracy, which found expression in the constitutional prin ciple that there are three co-ordinate branches of government the execu tive, the legislative, and the, judicial? Here we find the appeal for Mr. Flegel predicated on the pledge that there shall be, not co-ordination, but absorption of the legislative function by the executive. In a Congress of 400 Flegels, there would be no thought, no policy and no action but President Wilson's. Nothing iut har mony, harmony in the absolute and harmony In the altogether, between Wilson and all the complaisant Flegels. On the same day that we hear this touching plea for Mr. Flegel, we have from the same go-democratic-or-bust (lately "non-partisan") Journal a stereotyped philippic In bold type against Mr. Withyoombe because he ventured to suggest that there should be harmony between Governor and Legislature. DOWN IN MAINE. The results of the Maine election are encouraging to Republicans in the extraordinary recession of the Pro gressive wave. Two years ago there was no Progressive state ticket in the field and both factions of the Repub lican party agreed'to work together for the success of the party nominees. The Republicans elected the Governor by 3200 and carried three out of the four representatives in Congress. In November the Roosevelt flame burst forth In all its fervor, and, al though the Republican split was wide, Mr. Wilson carried the state by the narrow plurality of 2600 over the Progressive nominee. . At the election Tuesday the Repub lican nominees were embarrassed by Progressive candidates; yet the Re publicans hold their own in Congress and lose the Governorship by 4000. Undoubtedly state issues were a con siderable factor in defeating Governor Haines. The Maine election shows once more that the Progressives are rapidly declining in strength and numbers. Colonel Roosevelt went to Maine in the interest of his party, and great effort was made to make a showing. But it failed. How long until the rank and file of the Progressive party, which is utterly out of sympathy with the Democratic party, realizes that nothing can be gained, but much lost, bypolitical service on election day to the Democrats? OCR GREAT EMERGENCY. How great is the emergency which necessitated the passage of the ship registry bill by Congress was shown by Representative Underwood in his speech in the House. Of- our exports to Europe in 1912, British ships car ried over 51 per cent, German ships 17 per cent, and after deducting ships of the five belligerent natiens only enough remained from other coun tries to carry 14 per cent, American ships carrying a miserable 1.7 per cent of our exports to Europe. Ex cluding ships of belligerents, the 14 per cent remaining would carry only 190,000,000 bushels of wheat, if em ployed the year round, and no cotton, or 7,000,000 bales of cotton and no wheat. Our exports to Europe in 1912 were valued at $1,479,074,000, of which $602,000,000 were breadstuffs, cotton and meat, sale of which abroad is essential to our agricultural pros perity, but the 14 per cent of the Atlantic carriers which is not in volved In the war would carry only about one-fourth of these classes of commodities alone, leaving out of con sideration all others. Our mail and passenger service Is equally dependent on foreign ships, for of 1300 sailings from the United States to Europe in 1913, 478 were British, 302 German, 168 French, 31 Austrian, and only 63 American. Most of the European liners are naval auxiliaries, liable to be withdrawn from the service in time of war. For the time being, German and Austrian ships are driven from the sea and can. return only if a crushing defeat of the British navy were to drive out British ships. In the one case we should be deprived of the services of about 10 per cent of the tonnage now in our European export trade, in the other of 61 per cent. If the issue of naval supremacy re mained in doubt for some time, we might be deprived . of 70 per cent. Should Germany win an initial naval victory, this would be quite .possible, for Great Britain has enough war ships to fight a second and third bat tle before acknowledging defeat. While this fighting continued ships of each power would be in constant dan ger from cruisers of the other and would hardly dare put to sea. The possession of a merchant ma rine is therefore as necessary to the economic, defense of this country as is a navy to its physical defense. Were we in the same happy position as we were a century ago, when 80 or 90 per cent of our commerce was carried in American ships, we could be Indifferent to the quarrels of Europe. We might even profit by them. The present war having caught us unprepared, it is imperative that we acquire a merchant marine in a hurry by any means, but we should not stop at meeting the emergency. This war is not likely to be the last in Europe; it may as surely lead to another as It is the sequel to the Franco-German and the Balkan wars. We need to take measures for the permanent establishment of an ade quate American merchant marine, that we may carry our own goods in our own ships, war or no war. Until we have done so, we shall not have established our economic independence. A TASK HALF DONE. The Yakima Daily Republic takes exception to a remark which The Ore gonian made recently about the bene fits of fruit growers' unions. - We said that these unions secured a fair price to the growers without enhancing the price to the consumer. This was done, in our opinion, by eliminating useless middlemen. The Republic gives us to understand, with some emphasis, that nothing of the sort happens in the Takima region. We gather from its remarks on the sub ject that the fruit growers' organiza tions in that section do not benefit the producers a great deal, if any,, while they Increase rather than diminish the exactions of the middlemen. This is unfortunate. It seems to in dicate not that organizations are necessarily bad. but that those in the Yakima country are in need of some change. We could mention a -number which accomplish exactly what The Oregonlan s'aid of them, though naturally they do not pay bo much attention to the consumers' interests as they do to their own. If the con sumer desires to obtain the full bene fit of organization he must not de pend too much upon the efforts of others. Ho must do semething for himself. The real consequences of organized marketing will never be seen until producers' unions are In active corre spondence with those of consumers. As long as urban family buyers are satisfied to deal through middlemen they have nobody but themselves to blame if their prices are not satisfac tory. And, again, as long as urban consumers are unorganized the pro ducers' organizations are obliged to sell to middlemen or else, let their fruit go to waste. ' The trouble, as our contemporary will doubtless perceive upon reflec tion, all results from the fact that marketing organization is only half complete. The producers have in many "cases done their share. The consumers have been inert and Indif ferent. They shriek with agony over high prices, bnt they do nothing ef fectual to bring prices down. The parcel post, as our contemporary sug gests, might be extremely useful in this direction, but its utility will be only nascent until consumers are organized. PHILOSOPHERS AND WAR. Some years ago the author of "Elizabeth and Her German Garden" published a book called ' The Cara vaners," in which one of the principal figures is a Prussian officer on his va cation in England. This gentleman expresses In divers emergencies the feelings of the German military class toward England. It is unnecessary to remark that those feelings were far from friendly. He looked forward passionately to a time when he should again traverse the country which, he saw with the caravaners, only he hoped to be at the head of his regi ment when he did It. Hatred of Great Britain and long ing to subdue the offensive realm were with him constantly as he passed through . the pleasant ways and green lanes of England. Per haps the author of the story exag gerated his rampant militarism. No doubt few Germans outside the belli cose warrior caste cherished such feelings. But the germs of them were probably to be discovered in many quarters and since the war has broken out they have developed with intense virulence. The Germans believe that it is England who has blighted their plans and this with the latent hostil ity of old inspires a particular bitterness.- The literary and professorial classes in Germany seem to be especially re sentful toward England. Even such men as Rudolf ' Eucken and Ernst Haeckel, both philosophers and both advanced in years, are as full of ire as the most youthful lieutenant. Haeckel and Eucken have united to publish a statement which sets forth England's sins with great force. These two gray philosophers might better "fall to their prayers," as King Hal advised FalstafT, rather than pour oil on the flames of war, but they do not think so. They speak passionately of British "national egotism which rec ognizes no rights of others and, un concerned about morality, pursues only its own advantage." They forget that If Great Britain does this it is only fol lowing the advice of the great Ger man philosopher Hegel, who, more than any other man, has formed the mind of tho Prussian military class. Hegel taught that "the great state ought to conquer and annex small ones in order to become more capable of realizing its idea." He also taught that the worth of national ideas is tested only by victory. v "Victory," says Hegel, "is the sign of a people's moral superiority and consequently force indicates where right is. We must not say 'might ex cels right', but 'might is right.' " Hence, according to the philosopher whom modern Prussian writers re peat and emphasize in a thousand ways, Haeckel and Eucken simply waste breath in scolding England. If England wins the victory in this war that fact will prove that her "idea" is superior to the Prussian and might will "make right" everything she does. Hegel's doctrine In this matter has been adopted by the "I. W. W.," who, in - defending sabotage, declare that they care nothing .bout morality and will do everything possible to advance their cause. The philosopher teaches that the best government is monarchy, because the national "idea" can be summed up in a king better than In any other way. Since all national ideas are different from one another and each seeks enlargement and com plete expression, therefore war Is eternal. There never can jse such a thing as permanent peace, "unless In deed some particular national idea triumphs over all the rest. This was the case with Rome, under whose dominion the world existed for a time almost free from war. - Besides this. Inasmuch as war always secures the victory . of the Idea which ought to win, it is divine. Thus Hegel erects militarism into a divinity worthy of human worship. His theory was pow erfully expressed and it has sunk deep Into the mentality of modern Germany. The successive Prussian victories over Austria and France in 1866 and 1870 made Hegel's doctrines extremely popular. It was nattering to the national consciousness to be lieve that their military triumphs in dicated German superiority of the spiritual as well as the material sort. Naturally this philosophy will lose some of its charm as soon as victory begins to perch on British or French arms. Nobody really loves to think that the fittest always "survive" un less he feels pretty confident of being among the survivors. It is barely possible that Prince Joachim overestimates the solicitude of the Almighty about his wound. To be sure not a sparrow falls without attention from on high, but we have no warrant for believing that a prince's fate excites any more per turbation In that quarter than a peas ant's. It might surprise Joachim to learn that his meanest soldier Is as important In the Creator's eyes as he is himself, but It is probably true. A contemporary' predicts a return to the old-fashioned rag doll since the Imported beauties are likely to be scarce this Fall. No doubt a nor mal child likes a rag doll Just as well as the most costly Parisian product. The dirtier it is the more the owner loves it. The little boy in "Helen's Babies" who clung fondly to a filthy old rag doll was like all other healthy children. How peace can be concluded with out the Kaiser's consent is one of those mysteries which do not trouble the busybodies, however much they may perplex everybody else. Prema ture peace projects may afford certain persons an opportunity to gratify their taste for notoriety, but they can hardly be expected to accomplish a great deal more. The woman who alleges she was in sulted on the streets of Klamath Falls while police idly -stood by, and who wants the Governor to clean up the town, probably neglected to send the Executive a certified check for expenses. The French report extermination of the German imperial guard. That is about the eighth or ninth time this organization has been exterminated so far in this war. In these days of mobilization, the rain god will confer a favor by assem bling these rainclouds away out in the Pacific. Portland fans want to see a little ball. What the German troops appear to need Just now is a breathing spell for purposes of recuperation. Energy of the human machine is not inex haustible. No, Mildred, the action of the Ger man army in turning on its heels and starting back, cannot be termed a turning movement in the military sense. i If Holland is supplying Germany with foodstuffs such business is only natural. The United States would do it if the goods could be delivered. Oregon musters four grand armies yearly berry pickers, cherry pickers, hop pickers and apple pickers. Pick ing money Is an Oregon resource. Between hunger ' on the west and Hungary on the east the Germans are having rather a difficult time of it Just at present. .Germans in the colonies far from the' Fatherland must not be despised for surrendering. Consider the only news they get: With the prlce of cosmetics going up, some of the ladles may be forced to rest content with a less brilliant complexion. The youngest German prince In the field says he thanks God at having been wounded. Must have been a flesh wound. Now that each participant has lost 100,000,000 men (more or less), the time is ripe for a sea fight, to settle something. It is officially denied that Russian troops have been landed in France or Belgium. Another pipe goneout." Kitchener might occasionally let a line through telling " how the Irish troops are mauling their enemy. Between Democratic war taxes and higher cost of living we' bid fair to become the real war sufferers. Opposition to vaccination in the so-called smallpox district is futile. The Health Officer knows best. Signs continue to multiply that this Is going to be a hard, hard Winter for Democrats in Oregon. Wheat now rises and falls on every war rumor and the shearing of the sheep goes merrily on. Von Kluck may be awarded the leather cross If reports about his plight are true. The psychological moment is near at hand for Italy to get on the band wagon. x . That walk-the-chalk line reform appears to have lasted about one week. The Czar's losses are heavy, but the supply of Moujiks is inexhaustible. The coffee market is reported weak everywhere. "There's "a reason." The French should now feel free to move the capital back to Paris. Well, time to commence it: your Christmas shopping early. Do Germany finds that in Austria she leans upon a broken reed. Regular daily bulletin: defeated again. Austrians A pocket testament has been known to stop a bullet. . The poundman, too, has begun to mobilize. Don't miss the fair at. Greshain. Dame Rumor is still on the Job. Half a Century Ago. From The Oregonlan September 18. 1S64 George H. Williams has been elected to the United States Senate for a term or six years, saya a dispatch from Salem. The contest In the Legislature was Drier, me result being a high compliment to the Union men of Ore New York A scout .vbo was Just arrived from Savannah, Tenn says all the males between 15 and 45 have been conscripted in Mississippi. Cincinnati An Indianapolis dispatch says Quantrell, the Missouri guerilla, has been captured. He was recognized on me streets as a refugee. New York The English papers say If tne report or the ram Tennessee a do ings is true, It was one of the most gallant actions in the American history, New York The Dally News repudi ates Jicuieilan b nomination and advo cates the re-assembllngr of the Demo cratic convention, either to remodel the piatiorm or nominate a candidate to suit the present platform. We were shown yesterday the splen did military outfit of Colonel Chris Taylor, Just received from San Fran cisco, consisting of a regulation sword, epaulettes, belt, sash, hat, etc., to go along with the suit recently made in this city. Major-General Palmer's out fit, said to be the finest on the Coast, is the only one that exceeds Colonel Taylor s In richness. W. S. Ladd received a letter from Mr. Tllton yesterday dated at Denver. Col.. giving some accounts of the recent Indian troubles n the plains. For fear the patriotic ladies of our tlty should omit reading this adver tisement they never fail to read this tolumn we would call attention to the card of Mrs. A. C. Glbbs, relative to the disposition of articles intended for the Sanitary Fair. The beautiful and serene nights we are at present enjoying challenge the world lor a comparison. An exchange editor says the price of sugar has gone up so high as to pro duce a slight Increase in the price of sand. Some one asks why cannot the Em peror Napoleon Insure his life. Easy I No one can be found who can make out his policy. LIVING BY WORK OR BY POLITICS How Mr. Booth Achieved Success What Ilia Opponent Did. Harney County News. Mr. Booth began life as a poor boy on an Oregon farm. He followed with faithful industry every line of hard work which could fall to the lot of a son of a pioneer. While going to school he added to his resources by working as Janitor and at every Job that a healthy young fellow could do. On the home farm he did a man's work at a very early age in grubbing stumps and getting the land into cultivation. He hired out as a sheep and cattle herder and rode range from the east line of the state to the Cascade Moun tains. He passed through all the hard ships of early day Oregon life and knows exactly what It is to- work with his hands, earn his ewn money and save it with reasonable thriftiness. After growing to manhood and get ting a start in the world the industry and application of his youth stood him as a good asset and he advanced along prosperous lines. He made fortunate purchases of lands and finally or ganize a large lumbering Industry by which he accumulated quite a compe tency with which he has been generous to good causes without ostentation -and dispensed liberally along benevolent avenues without letting the world know anything about it. -It is a fact to be noted by working people in gen eral that in all Mr. Booth a operations. in the logging camps and lumber mills under his management, there was never a strike or any difficulty or dissatis faction among the thousands he em ployed. If George E. Chamberlain is poor it is not the fault of the people, from whose taxes he has drawn over $100,- 000 in the past 30 years. Mr. Chamber lain has done little else during that time except drawing money from the public treasury. He served some years as District Attorney of the Third Dis trict; six years as Attorney-General of the State; four years as District At torney in Portland; six years and three months as Governor and the past six years as United States Senator. The salaries of these positions are well known and can be easily figured. Dur ing all that time, except since he has been Senator, he was in the practice of law at Albany and Portland. Each position gave him prestige in his pro fession and added to his money-mak ing chances. If he is not wealthy, who's to blame for it? During those 26 years he has not been called upon to buy a sheet of paper, an envelope or a stamp for his use; everything was handed to him on a platter by the people from the common purse. RELIGION AS" IT BEARS ON WAR. Arbitration Reserted to by Buddha Many Centuries, Ako, PORTLAND. Sept. 14. (To the Edi tor.) There has been much discussion among religious people as to the ef fect of religion (any religion) on war and its causes. The Bible does not in hibit warfare, on the contrary "the Lord of Hosts" commanded his chosen people to destroy the nations that lived in Palestine and adjacent territory and take possession of their lands. It is true that David, himself a warrior, says or sings in one of his psalms, "He maketh war to cease in all the world, he breaketh the sword and snappeth the spear in sunder." An older creed or religious philosophy. Buddhism, takes the pacific view of national antagon isms. Let me quote from Professor Hard's "Manual of Buddhism": "It is reported that two kingdoms were on the verge of war, the posses sion of a; certain embankment being disputed by them. "And Buddha, seeing the Kings wltn their armies ready to fight, requester! them to tell him the cause of their quarrel. Having heard both sides, he said: "I understand that the embankment has value for some of your people, has It any intrinsic value aside from its service to your men?" It has no intrinsic value whatever. was the reply. "Then said the Lord Bihddha: "When you go to battle Is It not sure that many of your men will be slain and you yourselves, O kings, are liable to lose your lives?" "And they said: "veruy, it is sure." "The blood of men, however," said Buddha, "has it less Intrinsic value than a mound "of earth?" "No." the Kings replied, "the lives of men and above all the lives of kings are priceless." Then the Tathagata tsanscrit:- The Perfect One) concluded: "Are you going to stake that which is priceless against that which has no intrinsic value what ever?" "The wrath of the two monarchs abated, and they came to a peaceable agreement." People are so prone to speaK of the Buddhists as "heathen" that they fail to see the many virtues of this great teacher of righteousness. JAMES IRVING CRABBE. Gold Output In Siberia. Pittsburg Dispatch. Gold fields In Northern Siberia, which have not been worked since 190T, will be reopened this year. HKASCRB PERNICIOUS IN INTENT Waterfront Amendment Attempt 30 000,000 Confiscation, Says Mr. Coovert. PORTLAND. Sept. 15. (To the Edi tor.) Of all the measures to be voted on at the coming election, one of the most pernicious is the Jackson-Mulkey waterfront amendment to the constitu tion pernicious if it has the effect aimed at. towlt: The confiscation of over $20,000,000 worth of waterfront property, owned by private Individuals within the city of Portland, and the at tempt to prevent any judicial decision that would divest the state of this for feited property. The proposed measure cannot apply to a shore owner down to low-water mark In Portland, as the measure can not effect a vested right in property. The proposed amendment provides: That the beds of navigable waters of the state at bank full stage are sub ject to public use. That the state's title thereto is. in trust for the public, perpetual and in alienable. That the state shall never be divested thereof by any grant, license, franchise, permit, equitable estoppel, adverse pos session, judgment or decree of any court, or otherwise. That cities may construct and main tain municipal docks thereon, within cities and within five miles on either side. That such as might not be required by cities may be leased. That present owners of such water front, not already improved must build wharves thereon by election day in order to save their bacon and that wharves already constructed may be taken by such municipality by paying the vajue of such Improvements under condemnation proceedings. - That was a happy thought "No Judg ment or decree of any court" shall di vest the state of this $20,000,000 worth of waterfront (if the amendment car ries), and placing the state's title safe from Borne fool court's notion that it might be contrary to certain provi sions of the Federal Constitution. A perusal of the argument filed by the promoters as set forth on pages 4 6 and 47 of the.officlal election pamphlet will plainly show that the measure contemplates the state's assuming title to all waterfront In the city of Port land up to bank-full stage, and with out compensation, except where wharves already exist, and then byi paying only the value of the Improve ments taken; that the measure is meant to be retroactive and apply to Portland waterfront owners; that all unimproved waterfront therein, or at least that ly ing between ordinary high and low water, is to be taken over by the state and without compensation; that such Improved Bhore land may be taken by paying only the value of the structures thereon but the shore on which they stand up to bank-full stage will revert to the state, and without compensation to the owners. The Supreme Court of this state in the case of Pacific Milling Company vs. the City of Portland on June 24. 1918, rendered a decision which forever set tles, the rights of shore owners down to low water mark on the Willamette River. The following principles there decid ed are now beyond dispute: 1. The state upon its admission into the Union became vested by virtue of its sovereignty of all lands lying be tween ordinary high and low water on navigable streams, including 'the beds thereof. 2. The upland owner to high water line has no riparian rights fronting thereon, which the state is bound to re spect. 3. The state may dispose of this strip between high and low water to pri vate Individuals, which when done car ries with it as an incident thereto the right to construct in and over the shoal waters fronting thereon wharves, piers, etc., in aid of and not obstructing navi gation. 4. The Legislatures of 1874 and 1876 granted to the upland owners all shore lands on the Willamette. Coqullle, Coos and Umpqua Rivers down to low water mark, and as such they have all the riparian rights Incident thereto, subject to the paramount rights of navigation and commerce, which prop erty right cannot be taken without Just compensation. Said acts were valid grants, and every upland owner, from that time to the present, on these rivers has owned to low-water line, to gether with the waterfront privileges above mentioned. 5. The franchise act of 1862 permit ting wharves to be erected over the state's lands, and which may be ' re voked if not acted upon, gave way ab solutely to the grant of 1874 and 1876 which is irrevocable and requires no Improvement on the part of a riparian proprietor In order for him to retain his title to the shore down to low water mark. Here is where the promoters of the measure have overlooked an Important point: The right of a riparian owner to construct and maintain a wharf over his shore land does not depend upon the revocable franchise of 1862 but upon the absolute grant of the shore land made In 1874 and 1876. It will thus be seen that the owner of such land reaching to low water is as secure in such ownership, whether Improved or not, as he would be in any other vacant lot he may own in any other part of the city, and he can not be deprived of it by subsequent legislation nor without due process of law. Section 10 of article I and the fourteenth amendment of the Federal Constitution give him complete protec tlon in both cases. The city or state may build all the wharves or docks It may desire, wheth er this measure passes or not. but If on the shore of the Willamette. Co qullle, Coos or Umpqua Rivers, or on any other tide or shore land the state has heretofore disposed of. It will pay the shore owner due compensation, and. too, whether such owner has a wharf or not. The Constitution of the United States and the enforcement of Its provisions by proper decree of the courts are for tunately beyond the recall of the Jackson-Mulkey measure. I am not interested in any water front property. I am not justifying the wisdom of the state's grant of 1874-6. but merely showing that the proposed measure will have no effect whatever on the rights of shore land owners down to the low-water mark: on the Willamette River. This question, however, will be left unsettled, if the measure passes: can the state or city cut off a shore owner from the navigable portion of the stream without compensation, by erecting a dock in the water between the low-water line and harbor line, where such owner has made no im provements? If it can. it will in many Instances render the shore land value less, and the dock be of no practical use. It Is safe to assume it will seldom be done, and until it Is, I will make a guess that such shore owner will have the right to exercise at any time the riparian right to wharf out to the line of navigation. E. E. COOVERT. Model of Domestic Servant. Lipplncott's. Mrs.' Randall had Just finished In structing her new girl, who came to her from an intelligence office. Her general appearance pleased the mis tress greatly, and she felt sure that at last she had succeeded in finding a prize. "And. Lizzie, do you have to be called in the morning?" she asked as an after thought. "I don t have to be. mum." renlied the new assistant, hopefully, "unless yous Just happens to need me." A Successful Farmer. Lipplncott's. The successful farmer has to be sharp as a raiser. Twenty-Five Years Ago. From The Oreconlan, September, 15, 1889. Ealem A convention to form an amalgamated party which is to include perohlbitionists. grangers, free traders, aSreen-backers, single tax theorists, American party men. Knights of Labor, union labor men and women suffra gists, and to build a platform with se lected planks from all these parties, upon which all could be united for the campaign in Oregon met at Grange Hall in Salem today. Dr. J. F. Hendrix called the meeting td order. J. M. Payne and J. R. Shepard were chosen secretaries. T. Davenport, A. Y. Smith and R. P. Caldwell were named a com mittee on credentials. Tim Davenport said the government now was a gov ernment of knaves, for knaves and by knaves. A political crazy quilt to cov er all the Vickers is expected to result from the meeting. Boston Professor Thurg, of Geneva, announces the discovery of changes In the crater of the moon known as Pliny. Chicago Between 8000 and 10,000 people rushed pell mell out of the Ex position building tonight. A fire had started in one of the booths. A newspaper vote on the best-known man in- Boston Is being taken. Ben jamin F. Butler leads, Mose Pearson, scissors-grinder is second and James Russell Lowell and John L. Bulllvan are among possible winners. It looks as though the young Emper or of Germany is to become a labor lead er. He has declared himself on the side of the German coal strikers. J. A. and F. L. Logan leave for the East next week. John F. 'Cordray, of the Musee The ater, was presented with a handsome ebony, gold-headed cane by Russell and Jewell, of the Essie Tittell Company. Charles R. Fay. whose parents live in Portland, arrived in New York Friday from England, having come from Eng land during the great Atlantic storm. Miss Jeanne Blodgett will organize Shakespeare, elocution and physical culture classes at once. Melvln G. Wlnstock this Issue con tributes a column of news gathered on a week's wandering. Mr. Wlnstock recounts how he learned at Corvallis that the International Hotel charged only half price to ministers and news papermen. Pattl Rosa began her tour in her new play, "Margery Daw," September 2. Miss Maud Elklns entertained at a driving party Monday. She leaves soon to attend school In Tacoma. Those present were Mrs. A. M. Elklns, Mrs. Culver, Miss Maud Elklns, Miss Pearl Elklns. Miss May Hill, Miss Long, Fred Morgan, George Streeter, C A. Mal boeuf. Edward Roberts. W. Jones, O. Walker, George Long and John Comp ton. Dave Lewis left last week for Prince ton. Miss Florence Gllsaa left for New York Wednesday. THE V. S. DOES WE'LL TO KEEP OUT Strict Neutrality should Be Observed ThrouK-hont the War. SILVERTON, Or.. Sept. 13. (To the Editor.) Permit me to express my ap precatlon of the unexcelled news serv ice of The Oregonlan and Its observance of rigid impartiality. The attitude of America, Its Presi dent and Its people. Is an absolute neu trality during the bitter conflct of European nations. The population of the United States Is composed of mixed nationalities, but in the Interest of Its unity, strength and peace. Its people must forget all traces of foreign blood. They must gather without discrimina tion under the flag of their adopted country and be In word and deed loyal Americans. The American who endeavors to fo ment a spirit of hatred against any of the nations at war, thus seeking to break his country's pledge of neutrality and to make her responsible for his ut terances, is a traitor. He should be deported to the very country whose side he is so prone to take. There, on the firing line, he would have an excel lent chance to practice his theories and at the same time to rid America of his undesirable presence forever. While we are proud to number so many Germans among our citizens, we must once for all understand that this country Is neither German, British nor French simply neutral America, To the man who doesn't find Amer ica good enough to observe its policy and commands, I have but two words: "Get out!" A. KLINE. A Journalist Bonsrht Sues. London Chronicle. The Journalist is often the man be hind the statesman, but he seldom gets the credit. Who was it that induced Mr. Disraeli to buy the Suez Canal shares which have proved so abund antly good an Investment, with divi dends that are represented not only by money, though even from that point of view it is the best investment that a state has ever made? Fleet street knows and honors the name of Mr. Frederick Greenwood, both for that reason and for many another But. how many outside the world of journal Ism realize that but for Mr. Greenwood the Suez Canal chares would probably have been purchased by a rival Conti nental power? The question was one of those put In a "General Intelligence" Tactfnlness of Edward. Harper's. Edward was the proud owner of his first pair of pants. On the occasion of his first wearing them a neighbor happened In and was chatting with his father, but, much to Edward's disgust, the all-important subject was not men tioned. The little fellow stood It as long as be could, then, in a very ln- Ldifferent manner, remarked: "There are three pairs of pants in this room. Coarace of a Tailor. Boston Transcript. Fewscadds I tell you frankly that I shall not be able to pay for this suit until next year. Tailor All rlfrht. sir. F. When will It be ready? T. Next year. Comparison of Wages. Pittsburg Dispatch. A recent Government report shows that wages of farm laborers have in creased more than those of city work men in the last 20 years. When? All the Time WHEN a man wants to know about the war. the stock market, or the .baseball score he turns to the newspaper. When a woman wants news, when she wants to learn of the fashions, of the society doings, of the play she turns to the newspapers. The children from their earliest days are educated to regard the newspaper as a source of informa tion. - Just as naturally When these same people want food, or clothing or household arti cles, they turn to the newspaper. No other advertising is sought for information for news of where to buy and what to buy as is that In the newspaper. No other adver tising equals newspaper advertising in effectiveness.