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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 7, 1914)
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1914. 6 PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon, Postofflce a Second-class matter. - Subscription Rates Invariably In Adiance. (By Mail) Daily. Sunday included, one year f'KJ Daily. Sunday included, six months Daily, Sunday included, three months ... fj Daily. Sunday Included, one month ' Dally, without Sunday, one year Daily, without Sunday, six months a.o Daily, without Sunday, three months Jj JIJ, '"ioui n ,n Week.lv. one vear rv.r. Sunday, one year TiZ bunday and Weekly, one year J-u (By Carrier) Dally, Sunday Included, one Jear 9 ?9 Daily, Sunday Included, one month '5 How to Remit Send postofllce money or der, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Olve Postoftlce address in lull. Including county and state. Postage Kates 12 to 18 pages, 1 cent; 18 to S2 pages. z cents; 34 to 48 pages, 3 cents; 60 to 60 pages. 4 cents; 62 to 76 pages, a cents; 78 to 92 pages, 6 cents. Foreign post age, double rates. Kastern Business Offices Verree & Conk lin. New York, Brunswick building. Chi cago, Stenger building. -an Francisco Office R. J. Bldwell Co., M Market street. PORTLAND. MONDAY, SEPT. 1314, PROGRESS OF THE WAR. After something less than five weeks of war the grim German fighting ma chine has crushed Belgium, the inno cent bystander, and smashed its way through massive barriers deep into the vitals of France. It has reduced French military operations to the sad status of rear guard actions for the time being and now stands ready to knock boldly at the gates of Paris. Yet these are not the significant facts. A more Important deduction that cannot be escaped Is that the war has barely commenced. The task that confronts Germany before she can lay claim to mastery of the whole situation is a tremendous one. Perhaps it is a far greater one than the German diplomats had counted upon when they cast the Ger man military helmet into the ring. Every nation that the Germans could have possible reason to fear has aligned Itself with the allies. Italy, on the other hand, has failed them, thus weakening both their military and naval position. While the German war machine has been blasting its way through bulwarks of flesh and blood to unchecked success, the war horizon in the background has been darkening, until the Germans now find against them the major portion of the world, Turkey and Austria excepted. Italy, erstwhile ally, appears on the verge of assailing Austria and thus be coming a part of the opposing force. Thus the sense of German triumph In France must be modified by the clouds of an ominous future storm which is gathering on several hands and which has broken already with bitter fury on the eastern border, where the Russian hordes have massed and gotten into action. The Germans necessarily must meet these foes in detail, so far as possible, concentrating first on France and England and later on Russia. The campaign in France must con tinue to claim the largest considera tion from the Germans. Whether they Intend actually to invest Paris at this time remains to be seen. More important is the breaking up of the French fighting machine. German strategy has been directed toward this end for some days, and only the re treat of the allies has prevented their envelopment. Still the Germans may have succeeded, after all, south- of Rheims, where a German wedge has shot out suddenly and unexpectedly, threatening to cut off the French con centration north and east of Paris a concentration which had been made by the French to meet the direct as sault on the Brussels-Paris line and the German flank movement which bore down from the north. Such a strategic coup, if completed, would be more important than taking Paris. For, thus broken up in us organization, the French army could be defeated in detail and Paris taken In leisure moments. But failing to shatter the French army, the Ger mans, even holding Paris, would find themselves forced to cope with a French army that could form excellent new bases in the south of France and prove a constant menace to the Ger man investment, especially when given heavy reinforcements from French for eign troops, British and possibly Japa nese field armies. Such a situation would not permit the Germans the freedom they will need to concentrate heavily on Russia. The present series of movements therefore assume the highest impor tance. The Issue now is not so much whether Paris is to be invested im mediately, but whether the French co ordination is to be completely upset. The French army, broken into several forces by the present campaign, launched "for that evident purpose, would leave the French capable of only desultory resistance for some time to come. Their defeat could be regarded as complete and the Russian menace taken up in earnest. The Russian advance, during the past week or ten days, has begun to assume rather serious proportions. While no great progress has been made by Russia In Germany, Russian victories over the Austrian army have been decisive. In its mission of hold ing the Slav forces in check Austria appears to have failed thus far. The Austrians, in force, have been driven out of their stronghold at Lemberg nnd are being forced out of the Carpa thian Mountains. Austria has not been crushed yet. Perhaps her plight is not so serious as that of France. But the Russians are making head way and give promise of being able shortly to take up an invasion of Ger many along the strategic route south of Posen, the route upon which a serious Russian advance must be di rected against Vienna and Berlin. In a sense, the whole situation may be described as merely preliminary to the grapple between Slav and Teu ton. Russia must bring Austria to her knees and Germany must route France before the great war may be said to have entered upon its second stage. Both are making rapid head way in battering down these barriers, although in neither case is the Issue clear at this moment. The one that frees itself first should find a marked advantage In flying at the other's throat. POOR PLEAS FOR ABSENTEES. The motion of Representative Un derwood to revoke all leaves of ab sence from sessions of the House and to penalize absentees with loss of pay called forth some protests from Re-, publican members which will not Improve their standing In the eyes of the people. Mr. Mann accused the Democratic leaders of having waited until the Southern primaries were over and until the seats of Southern members were safe before attempting to enforce attendance. He pro nounced this course unfair to North ern members, both Republican and Democratic, as their primaries are yet to be held and as they can go home to vote only at the sacrifice of several days' pay. This was an extremely narrow, partisan view to take of a great Na tional emergency, when all party dif ferences should be subordinated to patriotic regard for the Nation's in terests. Several Northern Democrats promptly turned the guns of their op ponents against the latter by saying they were ready to stay in Washing ton and attend to the Nation's busi ness without regard to the primaries. The Republicans gained nothing by their objections to the resolution. On the contrary, they enabled the Demo crats to score on them. Any member who is more interested in his own re election than in the performance of his duty at this critical time is not the man for the job. His return home at such a time is the best possible reason for keeping him at home permanently. Xo man who deserts his post deserves to be re-elected. WHY TAXES ARE HIGH. Two years ago the voters rejected a constitutional amendment to create the office of Lieutenant-Governor. The only conceivable reason was that the measure created another salaried state office. The pay of this new office would have been $200 each biennium. But if a spirit of rigid economy actu ated the people they have been frus trated. The amendment is again on the ballot and the election costs on this one Item will probably be suffi cient to have paid the salary of the Lieutenant-Governor for twenty years or longer. Attention is directed to this meas ure particularly to bring home to the voter the unreasonableness of the drain upon the State Treasury caused by refusal of advocates of this or that measure to accept one verdict by the people as final. Among the twenty nine measures on the ballot, thirteen, or within two of a majority, have been before the people before in form and intent if not In text. Some have al ready been twice rejected. The measures heretofore defeated are the following: Abolishment of State Senate. Proportional representation. The Lieutenant-Governor amend ment. Two tax amendments modifying the uniform rule. Bills to provide for two normal schools. Amendment to increase pay of leg islators. Single tax. Prohibition. Abolishment of death penalty. Graduated surtax. Town and city consolidation meas ure. Public sentiment is penny wise when it defeats a measure to create a new office at a trivial salary and pound foolish in that it is not aroused and resentful over the increased cost of government caused by resubmission of so many defeated measures. . A HUMOROUS DEMOCRATIC PLATFORM. The Democratic convention which nominated General McClellan for President of the United States met at Chicago, on August 24, 1864. Mc- Clellan's running mate was George H. Pendleton, a meek creature, but ar dent for peace at any price. The Democratic platform announced in bold terms that "the war was a fail ure." Gettysburg had been won at that date and Vicksburg had fallen, but events of that nature made no difference to the Democrats. When a party is determined to be absurd facts count for very little with it. The true beauty of the Democratic announcement that the war was a failure was brought into a clear light by the fall of Atlanta which occurred a day or two after the convention ad journed. Sherman made his famous flank movement on August 28. This placed him between Atlanta and its Southern support. His maneuver was so adeptly executed that the Confed erates believed he had decamped and trains of rejoicing sympathizers came in from up the state to help celebrate his defeat. They were undeceived when he be gan to capture incoming trains. Sher man's strategy made Atlanta unten able for the Confederates, who hastily withdrew. His telegram announcing the capture accompanied the report of the Chicago Democratic convention as it flew over the country on the wires. Their queer juxtaposition evoked a smile from people with a sense of humor. The habit of ignoring facts and despising reason has been Inherited by General McClellan's party down to the present day. Very likely it is so bred in the bone that it never will be lost. ELIMINATING THE MIDDLEMAN. A correspondent asks The Oregonlan to suggest a remedy for the condition by which the lion's share of the retail price of farm and orchard produce goes to the middleman. For the fruit grower a remedy has already been provided in the shape of co-operative packing and marketing associations, Ahich have assured a fair price to the produce without enhancing the cost to the consumer. If the grower at North Yakima belongs to such an associa tion, the 60 cents profit obtained by the middleman must have gone Into the pocket of a retailer who bought from the association. If the grower desires to sell his, fruit indpendent of the association and to deal with the consumer by eliminating the middle man, the parcel post affords him facilities. The Postofflce Department is en deavoring to extend the usefulness of the parcel post in direct dealing be tween producer and consumer. At some cities the postmaster Is collect ing the names of farmers who wish to sell produce in this manner and his list is placed at the service of consum ers in the cities. The consumer can then correspond with the farmer and arrange to have his needs supplied by parcel post. Under that plan the Yak ima fruitgrower could perhaps have obtained 60 instead of 30 cents for his box of peaches on a short haul which did not require icing and the con sumer would have saved 30 cents. In other words, producer and consumer would divide the middleman's profit between them. The people seem slow to avail them selves of the facilities for direct deal ing offered by the parcel post, perhaps because it is so new to them that they do not know how to go about it. There is room for a general agency in the cities to promote this business. This agency for a fixed, moderate fee might bring the parties together and make collections where desired. If the price of eggs be exorbitant, the fault may rest with the cold stor age men, who reduce the available supply by taking eggs off the market when they are abundant and would ordinarily be cheap, and by storing them until a time of scarcity and high prices. If well regulated, cold stor age is beneficial in preventing prices from going too low at one time or too high at another, but there is reason to believe that it has been used to cor ner the market and to hold produce beyond the time when it should be sold, the purpose geing to obtain an exorbitant price. Produce has been held in cold storage until it decayed and had to be destroyed. This prac tice upholds prices by diminishing the supply. It has been proposed to prevent cold storage from becoming an instrument of monopoly by limiting the period for which food may be stored, but nothing has yet been done In that direction by legislation. The system of direct dealing which we have described would go far to foil the monopoly schemes of cold storage men, for it would take a large pro portion of the eggs and other produce out of their reach. Poultry-raisers should welcome this system, for It would give them more voice in fixing prices than they can have in dealing with wholesale dealers and It would insure a steady flow of cash from day to day. To make the parcel post use ful in this system it will be necessary to devise strong but light and inexpen sive packages for eggs, poultry, fruit and vegetables. ANTI-MILITARISM DISCARDED. A remarkable phase of the pres ent war is the total subsidence of anti militarism among the radicals of all countries concerned. The Socialists have been preaching the solidarity of the worklngmen of all nations and their common Interest in peace. They have preached that labor supplies the great body of men for war and pays the largest part of the cost both in life and money. They have advocated strikes against military service in France and have voted for army ap propriations in the German Reichstag under extreme pressure. But we hear not a murmur against the war in either country and the Italian Socialists taunt the German Socialists with recreancy to their principles. The Socialists have gone to the front in both France and Ger many as readily as men of other po litical creeds. The German govern ment has rewarded them by permit ting the open sale of their newspapers and by permitting soldiers to frequent their resorts. The Socialists seem to welcome the opportunity to prove that their principles are not inconsistent with patriotism when the nation is attacked. In face of the stern fact of war, all abstract theories like ant'-mllltarism evaporat? like steam. Their adherents recognize that, right or wrong in the quarrel which caused the war, their country is In danger of loss and hu miliation, and they go to Its defense and to punish Its assailants, Just as they would defend their own homes. The anti-militarist can easily con vince himself that this war is an ex ception to the rule: that it is a war of national self-defense and that his duty to his country is sjjperlor to any sentimental theory of common inter est among his class In his own and other countries. He decides to be a soldier In wartime and to reserve his antl-mllitarlsm for times of peace. MILITARISM AND DEMOCRACY. However the present war may end, its progress so far has demonstrated the efficiency of centralized, more or less autocratic power in equipping a nation for war and the relative inef ficiency of the nations which have popular rule. Austria is the weakest of the three great centralized mon archies and appears to have broken down under the assaults of Russia on the northeast and Servia on the south, but Austria showed a certain degree of efficiency as a military empire by the secrecy with which she mobilized her army after the assassination of a MOiAviVai "Franz Ferdinand and bv the suddenness of the attack on Servia. Only the exercise of one dominant will could have armed and equipped tne minlnno r,f rtermn.n rroODS and DOured them in a flood across France, or could have organized and massed the vast army of Russia on the eastern frontier of Germany and Austria. One- man power did these things. The bitter lesson of 1870 has forced ..o,!.. tn nttnln a hieher decree of military efficiency than in that dis astrous year, but her army is eviaentiy inferior to that of Germany, and, if she finally triumphs, her success will be due to the aid of her allies. The most glaring example of unprepared ness is that of Great Britain. Relying on her navy for her defense and obsti nately opposed to enforced military service, she has so small an army that the troops she has been able to send to France are a mere handful com pared with the German masses. Lord Roberts has appealed in vain to the British people to adopt a system of enforced military training. Had his advice been taken, Great Britain might have been able to put 1,000,000 instead of 100,000 men on the conti nent during the first month of the war, and the allies might have be p able to roll back the German tidal wave. As it is, England Is recruiting men after war has begun and has so far raised only 300.000. In order to help her allies, she Is compelled to bring troops from India and the colonies. This is not to say that the allies cannot increase their forces with a prospect that the British army will render valuable aid to France. If Lord Kitchener's prediction that the war will last two or three years should be fulfilled, new armies may nPMniToH and trained In that time. UlfttHH-.- But unpreparedness will still have been responsible for prolongation of the war, while, had Britain been as ready as Germany, it might have been settled In a year. The best explanation is that militar ism and democracy do not mix. The chief use of a great war machine is to acquire territory by force or to hold territory already acquired by that means. Such acquisition is inconsis tent with the principles of democracy, except when a people divided by an artificial boundary wishes to become united, aa in the case of the Servians or of the people of Alsace and Lor raine. Monarchies which adhere to the divine right theory have no re gard for the wishes of territory they would annex, and desire constantly to enlarge their borders. Democracies, whether under a republic or a consti tutional monarchy, have no such mo tive for armament and can be induced to make ready for war only by immi nent danger of aggression or by de termination to recover what they have lost. When a self-governing nation like Great Britain or the United States becomes involved in war with a first class power, it usually suffers reverses at the outset, but history records that It then rushes to arms and gives a good account of itself in the end. These nations pay a high price for their unreadiness, and invite attacks which would not be made If they were well armed. The protest against suspension of the law requiring steamship officers and engineers on American ships to be Americans ignores the circum stances which prompted passage of the new shipping law. We need ships in a hurry and h'ave the opportunity to take over foreign ships with foreign crews and put them into service in carrying our commerce. The law is an emergency measure, and particular interests must step aside in National emergencies. Prince William of Wied has aban doned the attempt to rule Albania. He was a puppet Prince, set over a people, who from the first rejected him, by the powers whose only right to interfere was based on might. His elevation was a glaring proof of the absurdity of the divine right theory and his elimination deals that theory a severe blow. Before this war is over, other high-born divine-right rulers may go the way of William of Wied. Massachusetts women are carrying on a model campaign for suffrage In preparation for 1915, when the final vote will be cast by the people. What amounts to a house-to-house canvass Is already under way and the argu ments for the cause are being pre sented to the voters with cool per sistence. The campaign seems to be one of pure reason. If suffrage wins In Massachusetts it will be on its merits. The peace and Industry which now prevail in Butte are an evidence of what could have been done long ago had the officials performed their duty by arresting and bringing to justice the preachers and practicers of direct action. Return of the miners to work when the militia are on guard is an evidence that they will be orderly when relieved of the terrorism of the direct actionists. Women succeed very well as play wrights nowadays. A woman won a $10,000 prize for a play not long ago and another a prize of $1000. Here tofore our native drama, has been an echo of the British and a pretty feeble one. Perhaps now that the women have taken hold of It so vigorously we shall see something more en couraging. Reports of Increased number of yearling cattle in Washington indicate that the shortage in the meat supply will cure itself. By eating less veal we help to insure more and therefore cheaper beef in the future. When the prodigal's father killed the fatted calf, he did a prodigal act Astronomers are of the opinion that Jupiter is evolving another moon. They have long been watching an elliptical spot on his surface which seems to be separating from the rest of the planet and making ready to set up in business for itself. The spot first appeared in 1S79. While each fighting nation is cele brating a glorious victory announced in its own dispatches, these victories mark so much destruction. Spring field, Or., celebrates a glorious vic tory, which consists in an Increase of production by the erection of a new mill. The magnitude of the benefit in a public market can be estimated from the statement of a Cornelius grower who has sold 22,000 crates of peaches this season. The consumers' share of the benefit is beyond figures. Connie Mack would prefer the Giants, of course, but will take on any old antagonist. In the matter of gate receipts Boston will enthuse for the very novelty of the chance. Grants Pass is entitled to celebrate. When the city found It needed a rail way, it built it, and today its citi zens' will ride on their own trains. Grants Pass is a city of energy. The soldier killed In battle is faring rted. At the Lem- IffLiri UK." v...- berg affair report gives 35,000 wounded left on the field. The Belgians having cut the dikes near Antwerp, we may see a repetition of some scenes of the historic siege of Haarlem. With grain from the United States and the rest of the food supply from Ireland, England will not starve. Perhaps the local "earthquakes" were the passing of very late or very early auto trucks heavily laden. Eugene is keeping its place in the front rank of municipalities with the most modern streetcars. Most of the "missing" today will be found at Vancouver's opening of the round-up season Have a flag ready to fly on "Star Spangled Banner" day. and if you have none, buy one. With a sugar crop of a quarter billion dollars, Cuba realizes the bless ing of peace. Perhaps knowledge that war was at hand excited Lassen Peak to the point of eruption. In a few months all will be ob liged to fight harder to keep warm. This is a strenuous day for the man who can get off. Chicago does very well in mobiliz ing 2,500,000. When ewspaper Is Not Ordered. TOLEDO, Or., Sept. 1. (To the Ed itor.) When a publisher continues to send his paper beyond the time for which it was ordered and paid for, and without either verbal or written in structions so to continue sending it, can he collect the regular subscription price by law? READER. Section 75S5, Lord's Oregon Laws, de clares a newspaper or periodical sent without order a gift whether received or not If the order was for a def inite period, we presume the papers sent after expiration of subscription would be considered a gift under the statute mentioned. Half a Century Ago From The Oregonlan of Sept. 7, 1864. We are Informed by Senator Pyle of Baker county that Bill Smith, who killed Major Blythe and a man named Van, about a month ago near La Grande, arrived at Auburn in charge of the officer who arrested him at Pioneer City, Idaho Territory. The stages are now making weekly trips between Walla Walla and Lewis ton. On Sunday evening last between 7 and 8 o'clock a dam attached to the waterworks at The Dalles gave way and for a time the entire lower part of the town was in danger of being flooded. Sam Wells of the California Minstrel Troupe died at Virginia City August 30. The Supreme Court has begun its an nual session at Salem. Present are Judges Prim, Stratton, Boise. Shattuck and Wilson. The resignation of Dr. C. C. Furley at Fort Boise has been tendered and accepted. Sacramento.- The opposition steamer Washoe on her way from San Francisco to Sacramento exploded 40 miles below Sacramento last night. Of the 150 on board, many of whom were women and girls, only ten were saved. The Washoe sunk near shore. Rev. W. F. Boyakln, an old pioneer of this country, who some years since returned to his childhood home In II llnois, has returned to Oregon overland. Rev. Mr. Boyakin has been acting chap lain in the Thirteenth Illinois regi ment J. M. George Kalllch has begun the erection of an ice house on Taylor, be tween Front and First. General McDowell returned yester day by steamer to Port Vancouver after an extended trip to the upper Columbia country. PEN IS INSTRUMENT OF REVENGE How Csar Might Have Improved "Petro grad" and How Kaiser Mar Retaliate. HOOD RIVER, Or.. Sept 5. (To the Editor.) And now the Russian peasant must hear "Petrograd" for dear old "St. Petersburg," while we far-off Ameri cans are made to wonder why Cousin Nicholas didn't show his royal contempt for Cousin William by renaming his big town for himselfski. Why didn't he call it Nicholowski or Nicholavttch? Or, if he thought his devoted 160,000,000 of assorted subjects would prefer a full length, rare and juicy Russian name, he could, with the same stroke of his royal nibs, have renamed it Kissczmy- footsklcouzzinwlllavltch a rare morsel of petty spite every time he tripped it off with his other Slavic polysyllabic tongue twisters. And then it would be "up to" Cousin William, if he marched his victorious troops through the streets of one Petro grad to rechristen it with the more euphonious name o Bologna-on-Beer, "rub" it back on Cousin Nick and make him stomach up to his own pie counter and "eat humble pieski" every morning till he got over his pique. But just think of the mental grasp that can hold all the strategic maneu vers of the mighty armies of "the triple alliance" and "the triple entente" on the map of a single brain, realizing the many possible destinies in the wavering balances, and at the same time gravely consider the far-reaching effects of this astute coup d'etat. Petrograd! Petro grad! Well, seriously, thousands of Ameri cans are again forcibly reminded of Dr. Edward Young's famous couplet: Pigmies are pigmies still, though perched on Alps, And pyramids are pyramids In vales. W. J. PEDDICORD. THE SPORT OF KINGS. In France no brighter son was born, No finer man had faced the morn Of life, endowed with greater power Of Mind or limb. They knew the hour Som e day would come when, fame achieved, A nation would arise and say "For him our heart Is sore agrieved; We bury him in tears today." In Prussia flashed a soul to earth And, buoyant from his birth. This man increased In vital force; His strength within its natural course Should much achieve; and fame, they said. Would wait on him the world would know That he had lived: when he was dead A grateful land would much bestow. Some peasants dug a huge, deep trench. A battle had been fought; the French. Some thousands lying stark and dead, Must be removed.' A peasant said: "I know that face." He dragged the clay And hurled it in. A son uf France had had his day That France might win. The Prussian General viewed the field And frowned; the day's unvarying yield Was butchered men. He touched his aide And pointed to a dead thing in the shade; A scholar known both far and wide Had found the night He slept with bullets in his heart and side -For Prussian might. LAWRENCE E. INNES. Use of Word "Thoroughbred." CORVALLIS, Or., Sept. 5. (To the Editor.) The Oregonlan August 22 made a distinction between pure bred and thoroughbred. I do not wish to be Interrupting, but will state that your distinction in this case Is not correct. A pure bred animal is one which both of its parents are registered or eligible to registration. A thoroughbred is one distinctive breed of horses. This is the type of horses that are used for race horses under the saddle, and, technic ally, nothing else is a thoroughbred. You will find many people using the term thoroughbred indiscriminately and also incorrectly. CARL N. KENNEDY. Standard dictionaries now authorize the application of the word "thorough bred" to other animals than the horse, as a result of usage in the United States. Formerly the word was re stricted to the designation of a certain type of horse. A Two-Story Lake. New York Sun. One of the wonders of Mexico Is the salt-producing lake near Salinas Sta tion, on the Tampleo division of the Mexican Central Railway, 72 miles west of San Luis Potosi. It may well be termed a two-story lake, for at times there Is a lake of fresh water overlying the salt lake. A water-tight roof of green mud separates the fresh from the salt water. For a large part of the year there Is no fresh-water lake there. The sun licks it up soon after the rainy season is over. The salt secured from the lake goes all over Mexico. The lake has been worked about 65 years. The whole town of 5000 people makes its living from the salt The property Is owned by a family or estate, but it Is said that not one of the owners has lived there for years. The old residence of the owners is still standing at Salinas, Its massive walla and towera and turrets give the place a resenjblance to a fort or feudal castle. MIDDLEMAN'S PROFITS TOO MUCH, Remedy Sought (or Conditio Where Producer Get Little of Price. EUGENE. Or., Sept 5. (To the Ed itor) There has been a great deal of discussion why prices are high. The following will give one reason: Problem: If 87-csnt wheat produces $1.16 flour, why should tl wheat produce $2.40 flour? Answer: "We need the money." Again, peaches at North Yakima are selling for 30 cents a box f. o. b. A girl placed a note In a box asking the buyer to write her what he had to pay for It A gentleman In Montana wrote saying that he paid $1.15 for the box. The freight and icing cost 25 cents, leaving 60 cents for the man who did nothing but handle it the middleman. He is the parasite whom we must get rid of. The man who planted the trees and waited six to eight years for his fruit and who takes his chances on bad years when there is no fruit, who pays to have his trees sprayed, pays to have the fruit picked and boxed, be sides paying for the box, gets 30 cents for his fruit, and the parasite who does nothing but handle It gets 60 cents twice as much as the producer. Some thing has got to be done or there will be a revolution. The middlemen who take no chances, do not work, absorb the profit and the producer and the user suffer from his inordinate greed. The fields of Southern Oregon are full of fine, luscious watermelons going to waste and yet here we have to pay a cent and a cent and a half a pound for them. Take another side of the question: Not one person In twenty-five has eggs and chickens for sal. Yet we are kicking because Chinese eggs are be ing brought In. which are reducing the price of the home product Why should we twenty-four non-producers be re quired to pay 30 cents a dosen for small eggs when we can get the Chi nese variety for 20 cents t They say the middleman gets them for 4 cents a dozen, the freight i not more than 2 cents, and then he charges us 20 to 25 for them. Can't the Oregonlan, the champion of the people, suggest some remedy? T. W. PARKER The Astmuth Chronometer. To Its Discoverer-Inventor. (Some time ago The Oregonlan In a a full and illustrated article gave Its readers a description of a wonderful discovery made by a resident of Port land, H. S. Butterfield. A recent re minder of this great boon to mankind has led a fellow townsman to express his admiration in the following lines. Portland honors Itself in honoring this Inventor and discoverer In one, and let us disprove the old saying that "A prophet Is not without honor save In his' own country.") Many and long were the years the dreamer bent o'er his task. Clothing a great Idea to help the world on Its way. Wrought he with patience and faith, hoping oft against hope. That he the riddle great might surely one day solve. Wrought he early and late; and oft the midnight oil Shed light on his study deep, and oft the watches of night Found him o'er penciled sketch, poring with brain Intent. Not many were those who knew, well nigh alone he searched; Sympathy scant was his share and helpful words were few. Twelve were the numbered years ere he saw the light of success; Then It burst with glorious flame and wiped out the burden and strain. Now with the help he's given myriads of lives will be saved; And "ships that go down to the sea" safe and secure will ride Because of this dreamer's vision, be cause of his mastering faith. The mariner plowing the main is en abled to find his course In the well-nigh starless night tho' black and heavy with fear. And the stately palace afloat, bearing its human freight Thousand of precious lives endangered heretofore And cargoes of priceless cost steeling from charted reef Or lunging iceberg's track, may reach its haven safe. And the hunter wandering lone, afar from the haunts of man. Exploring forest depths, discovering wealth unknown, May securely find his way to safety and friends and home. Truer than compass' veer, surer than needle's point, Great is the change it has wrought to mankind a heritage rich. And as down through the ages long, the old world reels on Its course. Thousands will bless the brain that patiently held to its dream And brought forth through travail of soul this Instrument fraught to bless. Then welcome, we give It. to the world's store! And bravo, to Its Inventor! IS. L. Ross. Portland, Or. Discipline of a Salesman. Boston Transcript. Girl Shopper Why did you make that poor salesman pull down all that stuff and then not buy anything? Second Ditto Why, the mean fel low was in a car yesterday and never offered me his seat, though I looked right at him; so I Just decided I would get even. Buzzard to War Plane By Deaa Collins. Circle and circle and circle and swing. Great white brother of great whit wing! Circle for circle my own wings black Follow your spiralling, airy track! Over the city I watch you stoop, Where shivering man-things huddle and cling Like frightened chicks at the gray hawk's swoop. Quick! From your steely talons fling The scattering death in the crowded coop, For my craw Is empty and hungering. Circle and circle and circle and swing. Great white brother with great white wing! Circle and circle and circle and swing. Great white brother with great white wing! From what weird nest, from what strange egg broke. Do you mount through the shimmering drifts of smoke? And what Is the flaming seed you sow, As over the man-packed field you soar. That blooms In death on the earth below; That strews the soil that you hover o'er With richer feast than my beak might know In many a weary year before? Circle and circle and circle and swing. Great white brother with great white wing! Circle and circle and circle and swing. Man-hatched brother with tireless wing! Circle for circle with wings outspread. I follow, hovering overhead. You are the pilot bird to me Guiding to richer gorging still: I circle and wait here hungrily And whet my beak as I wait your kill: I wait till the red feast lies for me To settle and perch and gulp my fill. Circle and circle and circle and swing, Giver of food and guide to the feast. You are a god. and I your priest. Man-halehed brother with tireless wing. j Twenty-Five Year Ago From The Oregon. September a, IS9. Walla Walla The complete ticket nominated at the Republican conven tion of Washington Territory follows: For Congress. John L Wilson, of Spo kane: for Governor, E. P. Ferry, of King; for Lieutenant-Governor, C. B. Langton. of Okanogan; for Secretary of State, Allen Weir, of Jefferson; for State Treasurer. A. Lindsley, of Clark; for Auditor. T. M. Reed, of Thuton: for Attorney-General. W. C. Jonas, of Spokane: for Superintendent of Public Instruction. R B. Bryan, of Chehalla; for Commissioner of Public Lands, W. T. Forrest of Lewis; for Supreme Court R O. Dunbar, of Klickitat; Theodore L Stiles, of Pierc: John P. Hoyt of King; T. J. Anders, of Walla Walla, and Elmore Scott of Garfield. Seattle A desperate attempt was made to murder Day Jailer Patrick Farraher yesterday morning by the prisoners of the County Jail. The jailer was seriously wounded and slashed with s rasor and he was kicked and pommeled Three prison ers, Barney Martin, Jnme Davis and Charles Clark, got outside the Jail grounds, but Davis was shot. Tb three prisoners later war captured. Spokane Falls The Spokan poat offlca fore of clerks has threatened to strike tomorrow on account of the small allowance for salaries. The Portland, Or. clerk of railway mail service and one at San Francisco hav been telegraphed to com to Spokan Falls and be prepared to mak up the malls If necessary. Postmastsr Peel said today the clerks had agreed to remain at work until the relief cam. London The great London dock strike has practically ended. The handsome and fast steamer Wasco Is to be sold Tuesday morning by the United States Marshal under a Federal Court docree. The Wasco was built to run on th Upper Columbia Mrs. R. H. L Townsend, a New York lady, well known for her benev olence, has been visiting Iter relatives, J. H. Valentine and F. Dayton, this week. She Is accompanied by Miss Nichols, of Brooklyn. Mrs. Townsend erected at her own expense the wom an's annex to Bellevue Hospital and recently built a memorial ehapl for the use of the patients. A lonely widow of West Virginia has written to Postmaster Koby In quest of a husband. She wants a bachelor. Christian, not under 15. G. G. Gammans was Injured Monday night, when he seized by the bridle a runaway horse. He was thrown against a woodpile and painfully hurt. He was taken to Mrs. Hill's boarding house and Dr. Bevan and Henderson Deady attended his Injuries. General Secretary C. W. Beers, of the Y. M. C. A., has Just Issued the monthly bulletin of the association. It contains Rev. T. DeWItt Talmage's discourse delivered at the Tabernacle August 25. Mrs. Anna J. White has just returned from Europe. Henry E. Dosch, late of the firm of Akin, Selling A Co., has been ap pointed agent for the Norwich Union, an old-established fire Insurance com pany. His office will be 29 Stark street John Green and Boss Schenck, who have been In California for some months, left for New York Tuesday, much Improved In health. Dr. J. T. Dixon left last night for Europe. Rev. Thomas Boyd, having returned from his vacation, will conduct the Fourth Presbyterian Church service Sunday as usual. Among the marriage licenses yester day was one for A. S. Guyer and Miss Nora Chapman. The brlde-elct Is only 16 and her parents' consent was necessary. Jack Dempsey. pugilist returned from San Francisco yesterday, show ing but little trace of the terrific bat tle with La Blanche. The only mark Is one on the nose caused by the knockout blow. Dempsey takes his defeht philosophically. H says he Is still lightweight champion and Is will ing to meet the Marine again. Mrs. E. L Thompson, of Albany, ii visiting her sister, Mrs. A .B. Slauson, of East Portland. Wallace It. Struble, secretary of the Oregon Immigration Board, submitted his annual report yesterday. Mrs. P. Frledlander, who left Satur day to visit her brother, A. C. Sommer, at Harrlsburgi has returned. Dr. A. D. Walker has declared that th Willamette River water la purr than ordinarily credited. F. H. Hamilton, attorney, ha ar rived to Investigate the title of th Brownfleld family to property In Port land valued at $4. 000,000 to $5,000,000. YESTERYEAR'S WHOLESOME VIEWS Old-time Pride lu Man of sserest Exalted, by Writer. DALLAS. Or.. Sept. 6. (To the Edi tor.) I resd with Interest th speech of Mr. Booth, published in The Orego nlan. There was a time. In thl coun try, when men spoke with pride of the poor boy who became prominent either In politics or business "Rall-Splittlnc Abe." "The Mill Boy of th Slash" Henry Clay. "The son of a poor Nw Hampshire farmer" Daniel Webster. These are a few samples. Now the cry seems to b: "Don't vote for him: he has been a success." For my part 1 prefer th old-tint pride In the man of success. GLEN O. HOLM AN. Meanlag of "Mnratorlasa." PORTLAND. Bept . (To th Edi tor.) I have notleed several times In the war reports the word "moratori um" and have not been able to find any definition of It Kindly enlighten your readers on the meaning of this word end obllg. INFORMATION. The meaning of the word "mora torium" was explained at some length In The Oregonlan, September $, page 4. The new Standard Dictionary gives the following brief definition: "Moratorium An emergency act of legislation authorising a debtor or bank to suspend payment for a given penoo. mm Talk It Over Time This Is the season when husband and wife and family sit down to plan out the tblnga they need. It Is talk-lt-over time the period when they are most Interested In suggestions from manufacturer and merchant. Naturally they turn, to the adver tising In their favorite paper Just aa they turn to It for "war news." It Is the psychological moment for newspaper advertising especially for goods that directly effect th horn. Merchants and manufacturers who present their caae now through this newspaper will reap rewards In the