Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 20, 1914)
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, THURSDAY, AUGUST 20. 1.H4. POPE PIUS FIRST GUILD OF POSTMAN Father's Salary of 40 Cents Daily Fails to Educate Boy and Six Girls. VILLAGE PRIEST AIDS LAD SACRED COLLEGE OF CARDINALS WHICH HAS DUTY OF ELECTING SUCCESSOR TO POPE PIUS X. Two Pair- of Shoes Yearly Allo-u-anee of Giuseppe Sarto, Who Travels Far, Rain or fchine, Barefooted, to Get Learning. Gluiteppe Melchlorre Sarto. known to the world as Pope Tlus X., was elected to the Pontincate on August 4, 1903. alnce which time his administration of that exalted office has been confronted with some of the most momentous problems, religious and governmental, with which the Holy See has had to deal In recent times. Thev have included, on the one hand. Ills determined attitude In maintaining the purity of Catholic faith, beginning with his syllabus condemning criticism of the holv scriptures and of the origin of Christianity, and later bringing forth the famous Encyclical "Pas cendl" which expounds and condemns the system of modernism; and, on tne other hand, the painful struggles which be bad inherited with France over the separation of church and state, later with Spain on similar issues, and more recently with Portugal as a result of the revolution which overthrew the monarchy. Pope Pius was born on June 2, 1835, at Rlese. In the Venetian provinces, the first child of Olan-Battista Sarto. a postman, and his wife Margherita. They were of the upper peasantry, if anyone may use the term, and besides the boy destined to be Pope there were seven children, a son and six daugh trs. The father's salary of 40 cents a day and the mother's modest earnings Xrom making dresses afforded them only the barest necessities of life, and the schooling of the children was sadly neglected. This was true especially of the girls, who never learned to read or write, even in after life. Village Priest Is Tutor. Giuseppe's early career was fortu nately Influenced by the village priest, who took a liking for the boy, taught him to read and write and drummed Into the youthful head the rudiments of Latin. With this impetus Giuseppe at the age of 11 years entered the seminary at Castelf ranco. not far from his birthplace, and for four years every day, rain or shine, he tramped to school, usually barefooted, until he reached the outskirts of the village, where he would slip on his shoes to keep up appearances. Two pairs of shoes was his yearly allowance. From Castelfranco he passed in 1850 to the Seminary at Padua, and in 185S. at the age of 25. was ordained priest and took up his duties at Tum bolo. In 1867 he had his first parish of importance, that of Salzano, where he remained for 11 years, adored by his parishioners, notwithstanding his somewhat autocratic rule. In addition to his ecclesiastical duties Father Sarto contributed largely to the support of his mother and sisters, who found life a hard struggle, especially In tho Winter. It was In Salzano also that the fol lowing Incident occurred. He returned home one day, tired and hungry, after a long tramp to see a sick parishioner, end was about to sit down to a plate of steaming soup, which was on the table, when a strange woman walked tn at the open door, sat down and calmly ate the soup before his aston ished servant could interfere. When finished, the stranger arose, wiped her mouth and said deliberately: "I was told that you live on bread and water that the poor may eat; I was deter mined to prove the contrary and I have!" with that she flounced off and poor Father Sarto had to be content With cold fare. Family Often in -eed of Aid Besides his parish Father Sarto had to care for his mother and sisters, who, although they contributed their quota to the family income, found life a hard truggle, especially during the long and cold Winter. Giuseppe would have liked to have his mother with him. but she refused to leave her daughters, aylng: "I cannot leave Riese. Do your duty, my son, and be happy in it. I shall come if you are ill." So great was the necessity at home that Guiseppe gave up all the little comforts which his position would have allowed him. and sent all the money which was left over from his char ities to Riese. ilean while he had been making a name for himself in a mod est way. His sermons became, known and before leaving Salzano he often was called to preach In the churches of other parishes, where his rude and persuasive eloquence was much appre ciated. In May. 1875. at the age of 40, he passed to Treviso, as chancellor of that diocese, and here he Is still distinctly and affectionately remembered. The year after his appointment. Bishop Zinelll. of the Treviso diocese, was truck with apoplexy, and on Father Sarto fell the full responsibility of the Important dlooese. which comprised 212 parishes, and besides this he was made professor of theology In the seminary. Nine years of strenuous work followed, crowned. In 1884, by his assuming the mitre as bishop of Mantua. In Mantua, more than anywhere else, he displayed his ability in dealing not only with religious affairs but also with local party troubles, and he suc ceeded in bringing about a union of all the moderate elements and giving them the administration of the town. In 1888 he was in Rome for the Jubilee of Leo XIII's priesthood, when one morn ing, entering 8t. Peter's, he found a pre late, Monsipnor Radlnt Tedeschi. whom ho, once Pope, appointed bishop of Bergamo, who could not say mass, there being no acolites to serve It. Bishop Sarto offered his services, but the pre late, confused, objected, when Monsig nor Sarto cut him short exclaiming. "Come, come, you will see that I will make no mistakes"' So those at early mass that day rata fortunate enough to see a simple priest celebrating mass, assisted by a bishop and a future Pope, In the humble position of an altar boy. Leo XIII conferred upon Bishop ftarto the title of "Roman Count," and In the Consistory of June, 1SS3, cre ated him Cardinal, giving him the Ro man Church of San Bernardo from which to take his title. There was, however a ludicrous side to the posi tion. The trouble was that Mgr. Sarto as bishop was just as poor as Father Sarto the simple priest, as. as his in come increased, his charities kept pace, and Just a few days before the Con sistory he had sent the only gold pec toral cross which he possessed to the bishop of Treviso to have 1t sold to aid in the restoring of the chapel of the Seminary. Under these conditions It was rather difficult to accept the new dignity, which implies, in fees alone, an ex penditure of not less than 18000. Some rich admirers in Mantua came to the rescue and provided the necessary funds, so that the new. cardinal was Name Agllardl, Antonio. . . Cassetta. Francesco. Oreg-Ha, EF. S. S Vannutelil, b Vannutelli, V Agulrre, G Andrleu, P Amiette, L. A Arcoverde dc Hacllieri, B Bauer, Francis S i lelniont . . U., di Billot. L Blsleti. G Buschl. Glullo Bourne, Francis Cupecelatro, A Cavallarl, A Cos y Macho. . De Albuquerque, J. A. C. De Cabrler 1)1 Hietro. Angelo Bubillard. K. V Falconio. Diumedo Varley, J. M Ferrari. Andrea Ferrata. D Francica-Nava, G Gasparrl, P Gennari. C Gibbons. James Gotti. Gerolamo llarrera. Martin de Katschthaler, J Kopp. George I,og-ue. Michael LorenzelH. B Lualdl, A. T.ucon, I. I.ugari, g. B Maffl. P Martinellt. 8 Mercler. D Merry del Val, R Nag!, Francis Neto. G. Seb O'Connell. Wm. II Pignatelll. J. G. dl B Pomplll, R Prlsco, Giuseppe Rampolla, M Kesplghl. Pletro Richelmv, Agoatino. . . . . Rlnaldini. A Santos, E. R. y Skrbensky. Leo Van Rossum, G Vasrary, Claude Vlcl. A Cardinal Bishop. Office or Dignity. . Vice-Chancellor . .-Dean Sac. Coll . . .Sub-Dean S. Coll . . -Pref. Cong. Council Cardinal Priests. . . Abp. Burgos . .Bp. Marseilles . . Abp. Paris Albuquerque. C. G . .Bp. Verona . . Abp. Oliuulz . .Abp. Edessa . Papal Major Domo. . .Abp. Ferrara .Abp. Westminster . Abp. Capua . .Patriarch Veirice . . . . . Abp. Valladolid . Abp. Rio Janeiro. . . . . Bp. Montpelller .Pro-Pref. Datary . Abp. tiiambery Caglano ds Azevedo De Lai. G Delia Volpe. F Vlves y Tuto, G. C ..Abp. New York . . Abp. Milan . . Pref. Cong. Bishops. . . . . Abp. Catania . . Tit. Abp. Cesarca . . Resident in Curia . -Abp. Baltimore . . Pref. Propaganda. r . . . . . . Abp. Compostella . . Abp. Salzburg . Abp. Breslau . .Abp. Armagh . . Abp. Lucca . . Abp. Palermo . Abp. Rhelmi . Cong. Holy Office . . Abp. Pisa . .Resident In Curia . . Abp. Mechlin . .Secretary of State . Abp. Vienna . -Patriarch Lisbon . .Abp. Boston . Sec. Cong. Council . .Abp. Naples . . Apr. Vat. Basil ..Pope's Vicar-Gen . Abp. Turin . .Nuncio Madrid . Abp. Seville . .Abp. Prague . .Abp. Strlgonlg . . . Papal Nuncio to Spain. . Cardinal Ieacons. . .Bfsietl Major-Domo. . . . Sec. Sac. Cong . Abp. Bologna . Inquisitor Nation. . .Italian . . Italian . .Italian . -Italian . .Italian . Spanish . .French . .French . . Italian . Italian- . . Austrian . . . . Jtallan . .French . Italian . .Italian . English.... . . Italian . . ltulian . -Spanish . Brazilian. . . . French . .Italian French . .American . . . .American . . . .1 taltan . Jtalian . Italian . .Italian . .Italian . .American . . . Italian . .Spanish . .Austrian . . . . German .... ..Irish . Italian . Italian . French ..Italian Italian . .Italian . .Belgian. . . . .-Spanish. . . . . Austrian . . . . Portuguese . . .American. . .Italian .Italian . .Italian . Italian .Italian . .1 talian . Italian . Spanish .... . Bohemian . . . Dutch . Hungarian . -Italian . . . Italian. . -Spanish . Age. . SO. . . .71. . . Si. . . .78. . . 7t). . Cons. . . 18VS . .18UU . .187 J . -1SS7 . -lSoi) .77 . . . . . as. .03. 1807 1UU7 lull 1910 1901 1911 1011 1UU lull 1U01 11)11 18S."i 11107 191 I . .70. . 42 . . 70. . 66. !?!? . -7o . .78. . .7S. . .77. . .80. . 75. . 72. . 59. . 54. .69. '. f.i! . 64. ..61. .AT. .'io. .33. . r,9. . 69. . 62. . 68. .49! '.so! .69. . .6-'. . .68. . 58. .191 1 .1893 .191 1 .181 I .191 I . 1 894 . 1898 . ! 899 . 1907 .1901 .1888 .1895 .1897 . 1903 .1893 .1893 .1907 .1907 . 1907 .1911 .1907 .1901 .1907 . 1903 .1911 .1884 .1911 . 101 1 .1911 . 1 89U .1887 . 1 899 .1899 .1907 .1911 .1901 .1011 .1893 .1911 .1903 .1907 .1899 . 1SU9 POPE IS RESIGNED TO LOSS OF POWER Strongest of Protests Made When President Loubet Visits Quirinal. PIUS' UNDERTAKINGS GREAT. enabled to go to Rome for his red hat. Shortly after, as If he had a present iment, he went to his birthplace in all the pomp of his new dignity, and en tered the poor house where he was born to embrace his mother. He wished to satisfy her desire to see him as a Prince of the Church before her death, which occurred. In fact, a few months later, in February 2, 1894. Patriarch of Venice Taken. Creating him cardinal, Lo XIII ap pointed him also patriarch of Venice, but he did not leave Mantua until a year later, owing to conflict between the Italian government and the Holy See over the right of the House of Savoy to be consulted before the ap pointment of a patriarch, the govern ment having inherited the rights of the Republic of Venice. The dispute was cut short by King Humbert also ap pointing Cardinal Sarto as patriarch of Venice. As cardinal and patriarch he con tinued his modest, frugal life, carry ing it to such a point that he did not even have a cook, but had his meals prepared by his sisters, who lived with him. In Venice he continued to Influ ence the local parties, as he had done in Mantua, with the result that eight months after his arrival the anti Clericals were defeated, and the Con servatives assumed power, which they retained until the cardinal was elected Pope. The patriarch's relations with the House of Savoy were always most cor dial. Every time that their Majesties or the Princes visited enice ne paia them a visit and presented his Homage. He was one of Queen Margherita's confessors, and only a few months before the death of Leo XIII he was next the Count of Turin in public, when he (the patriarch) blessed the foundation stone of the new Campanile in Piazza San Marco. He was the can didate of Leo XIII as his successor, but he so little realized the future that when he left Venice, in July, 1903, for the Conclave in Rome, he bought a return ticket. Ability Fully Displayed. In the conclave the struggle was pro and against Cardinal Rampolla. Leo XIII's secretary of state, whose chances were lost when Cardinal Puzyna pro nounced the veto of Austria against him, which veto was supposed to rep resent the Triple Alliance. Then, need ing a "compromise" Pope, all eyes turned to Cardinal Sarto, who at tirst refused but was Induced later to ac cept the high position, being elected al most unanimously on August 4, 1904. assuming the title of: Pope Pius X. Bishop ot Home ami Vicar of Jesus Christ, successor of St. Peter. Prince of the Apostles; Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Churcn. r-atri-arch of the West, Primate of Italy; Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province and Sovereign of the Temporal Dominions of the Holy Ro man Church. The new Pope was the most sur prised person of all at the result. He had said to a friend at Venice before leaving for the conclave: "I think the election will be a short one. We will put Peter in chains per haps on the very first day, crown him Pontiff as soon as possible, and hasten back to our dioceses." Americana First Received. The day after his election the Pope received his first pilgrimage, composed of Americans, conducted by Mr. Mc Grane, ot New York, and introduced by Cardinal Gibbons, of Baltimore, and that same day he sent his first bene diction abroad, also to the Americana Installed in the chair of St. Peter the new Pope began his administration and led a life as simple and rigid as that of his peasant forefathers. He had said before his elevation that the splendor of the papal court made him feel "like a fish out of water," and life at the Vatican proved Irksome to his simple nature. At one time he was persuaded to use an automobile in the Vatican gardens, but he soon gave the machine to one of the Vatican officials. Three months after his election Pope I OFFICIAL TITUE8 OF THE POPE. I His Holiness the Pope. I Bishop of Roms and Vicar of Jesus Christ. Successor of St. Peter, Prince of ! the Apostles. Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church. f Patriarch of the West, Primate of t Itsly. I Archbishop and Metropolitan of th I "Boriun province. i Sovereign of the Temporal Domln t ions of the Holy Roman Church. Plus held his first consistory, in which he created Mgr. Merry del Val Cardinal, who had been secretary of the consis tory, and had acted as temporary secre tary of state, which appointment was definitely given him later. The Pope announced that his pro gramme was summarized In the phrase "restore all in Christ." Events proved to be stronger than his will, and Pius X, elected to rive the Papacy an ln tlrely religious head, was confronted with the political events of far-reaching importance. Rigid Simplicity Is PopeVa. In alV his actions the new Pope was characterized 'by rigid simplicity and devoutness. Before all else his efforts were directed to the ptpmotlon of piety, and he advised aOf to receive holy communion frequently and It pos sible daily. It was by his desire that the Eucharistic Congress of 1905 was held in Rome, while he enhanced the solemnity of subsequent Eucharistic Congresses, notably that of Montreal and more recently that held at Madrid, by sending to them cardinal legates. In his earlier days he was a promoter of sacred music and as Pope he di rected that the authentic Gregorian Chant be widely used in the services of the church. Probably the most notable utterance of Pope Plus X on a religious subject was that condemning Modernism. The decree appeared on September 8, 1907. It points out the danger of Modernism In relation to philosophy, apologetics, exegesis, history, liturgy and discip line, and shows the contradiction be tween that innovation and the ancient faith, and finally, It establishes rules by which to combat the modern doc trines. Among the means suggested is the establishment of an official body of "censors' of books and the creation of a "Committee of Vigilance." Later the Pope directed the special attention of tiiose who preach or who teach In ec clesiastical institutions, to this con demnation of Modernism. Break With France Comes. The controversy with France origi nated before Pope Pius began his ad ministration but reached an acute phase soon after he assumed office. The visit of the Fiyench President to the King of Italy, with the subsequent note of protestation from the Vatican, was among the incidents hastening a rupture which culminated finally in the severance of diplomatic relations which had existed so long between France and the Vatican. Thereafter followed the separation law enacted in France and the formation of the asso ciations cultuelles. Later a somewhat similar movement took form in Spain, and more recently In Portugal, where the formation of the new republican government led to a decree against the former religious system In that coun try. In summing up his work, the Cath olic Encyclopedia says: "In a few years Pope Pius X has secured great, prac tical and lasting results In the interest of Catholic doctrine and discipline, and that in the face of great difficulties of all kinds. Even non-Catholics recognize his apostolic spirit, his strength of character, the precision of his deci sions, and his pursuit of a clear and explicit programme." To Americans Pius X. was especially Interesting. His great friendship for this country, his frequent audiences to Americans, both Catholic and non Catholic, and his Interest in American affairs kept him In closer touch with this Bide of the Atlantic than perhaps any Pontiff that had preceded him. He was an ardent admirer of Theodore Roosevelt, and had the ex-President's writings translated for reading, yet, aB will be recalled, events accruing at the time of Mr. Roosevelt's visit to Rome led to the cancellation of his visit to the Vatican. Former Vice - President Charles W. Fairbanks had a somewhat similar experience, and the incident created widespread interest in this country and in Europe at the time. Goat Troubles Pope. In appearance Pope Plus looked somewhat older than published pictures of him would Indicate, due In part to his long suffering from gout One of the most vivid descriptions of his ap. pearance is found in an Interview with A. M. Ury, an American artist, for whom His Holiness sat for a portrait in 1907. "The kindly benevolence of the Pope la his predominating characteristic," said Mr. Ury. "It shines forth from his face In every move. His face is one beautiful to a painter, for it com bines the spiritual with a pleasing virility. His head is one but seldom matched; his hair is silvery white and like a silver crown. But his eyes, the 'true windows of the soul,' attract one most of all. They are large and singu larly beautiful and luminous. Always the light of kindliness and benevolence shines through them and there is a merry twinkle in them betimes." Although there have been many re ports of the Pope's Illness since ho assumed the Pontificate, the dally rou tine at the Vatican was long and some what arduous. Ho was an early riser and was usually up at 6 A. M. He would go first to his private chapel and, after being dressed for mass by his chamberlain, would celebrate with great devoutness. He would then par take of a scanty breakfast and be pre pared for the work of the day. The forenoon he would spend In audiences, sometimes extending up to 2 o'clock, when he would have lun cheon. He would then walk In the garden until nightfall, when more au diences would fallow, extending at times as late as 8 o'clock in the even ing. After dinner he would chat with members of his household until he re tired. 4 Codification of Ecclesiastic Law and Determlnntion to Restore Most Iron Discipline Among Clergy Stand Out Prominently. CHICAGO, Aug. 19. (Special.) Pius X did not intend to change the sub stance of the policy which his two predecessors had followed toward Italy His protests against the loss of the temporal power, however, lost th vehemence and bitterness which for merly characterized them. The strongest of his protests on this subject was issued when President Loubet, Disregarding the prohibition to all Catholic rulers and heads of states to visit the King of United Italy in his capital, was the first, with the exception of Prince Ferdinand, of Bulgaria, since 1870, to go as guest to the Quirinal. This, however, was not only caused by the feeling toward Italy, but much more by the state of religious war with France, which was the most remarkable event in the last pontificate, and of which many have attributed the respon sibility to Pius X. while the hostilities already had begun under Leo XIII. France Finds Imitators. France found imitators in Spain, which passed, in Parliament, bills against the religious congregations and the clergy, leading to the recall of the Spanish Ambassador accredited to the Holy See, and in Portugal, where the republic proclamation on October 5, 1910, brought about a complete separa tion between church and state, the ex pulsion of the religious congregations and the confiscation of their properties. While such serious crises were tak ing place between the Vatican and some of the Latin countries, which had been known in history as the most faithful to the Holy See, the relations with Italy, while maintaining, in the out side form, the usual character of hos tility, were, in substance, much more cordial. One of his undertakings will have an Important mark in the history of the papacy the codification of ecclesi astical law. He Intrusted the work to an illustrious scholar in canon laws. Mgr. Pletro Gasparrl. on whom he con ferred the red hat in December, 1907. Another epoch-making task was that of the revision of vulgate. which he confided to Father Francis Aldan Gasquet, abbot-president of the Eng lish Benedictine congregation and a learned historian. Iron Discipline Restored. Pius X was determined to restore the most Iron discipline among the clergy, and this led to an unrelenting cam paign against that section of ecclesias tics who professed unorthodox opinions and were called modernists. The en cyclical "promulgated on September 8, 1907, condemned the modernists and their doctrines. Following this several leaders of the modernist movement were excommuni cated in Italy, England and Germany. The Pope displayed even greater energy on November IS, 1907, when he reaffirmed the necessity of combating by every possible means the spirit of rebellion and ordered the bishops to watch and, if necessary, to dismiss any professor infected with the con demned doctrines and to prevent from taking holy orders those students who were suspected of sympathizing with the movement. The rebellions broke out, and Pius X went further in the struggle with a new encyclical in May, 1909, and more so by imposing the anti-modernist oath on all ecclesiastics. Storm of Opposition Arises. The Pontiff roused a .storm of oppo sition to himself entirely unexpected by his encyclical against the Protestants in general and those of the German reformation in particular, on the occa sion of the centennial of St. Charles Borromeo. Another important reform due to Plus X is that of the Roman curia, which was still ruled by the bull of Slxtus V of January, 1588. With this he reformed the offices, the ecclesiastical courts and the Roman congregations, withdrawing America, Canada, Newfoundland. Great Britain, Holland and Luxembourg from the jurisdiction of propaganda fide, remov ing them therefore from among the missionary countries and putting them, together wtih the rest of the Catholic world, under the conslstorlal congregation. Koque Champion Defeated. NORWICH, Conn., Aug. 19 The de feat of National Champion E. W. Rub lnson featured the second day of the National roque tournament here. Har old Clark, of Springfield, was his oppo nent and Clark leads the first division players with four wins. Quebec Offers Cheese for Armies. QUKBKC, Aug. 19 The Quebec pro vincial cabinet today decided to offer the imperial military authorities four million pounds of Canadian cheese tor the use of the armies. Pope Pros X 259th Incum bent of Papal See POPE PrUS X was the 259th Pope since the year 87 A. D., as shown in the list of incumbents of the Papal See as adopted by leading historians and compiled by Wetzer and Welte. In the following list there are numerous overlappings and apparent discrepan cies, due to historical clouds and to scnlsms, during which more than one Pope is recognized. Following is the complete list: Peter 7 Linus 67-7 Anencletus 79-W Clement I 90-9 Bvarlstus 99-107 Alexander 107-118 Slxtus 118-135 Telesphorus 125-136 Hvglnus 136-140 Plus 1 140-164 Anicetus 164-166 Soter 165-174 Eleutherus 174-189 Victor 189-198 Zephyrlnus 193-217 Callstus 217s" Urbanu 222-2SO Pontlanus 2J0-2ao Anterut 235-236 Fabrianua 33C"552 Cornelius 251--53 Lucius I 28-264 Stephen I 2o4-2r7 SiXtlH II f-lf!SB Dlonyslus -'S":S7 Felix I -S?-5Ji Eutvchlanus 27o-283 Calm 283-206 Msrrellinus 296-304 Msrcelius 'S'-f?H Hueeblus Miltladcs iH'Jli Sylvester I 3 a 41-335 Marcus '';;; juiius i !i!iH Llberlus J"-1";;! Damasus I Slrlclus 5!J-?2 Anastasius I 8!MXS Innocent I i"f 91 Zosimus !;I"ft! Boniface I ilHii Celeztlne I HSJJ Slxtus III 1?s-JJ? Leo I 440-481 Hilarus Kimplicus 468-483 Felix II ,,S3-4" Gelssius i-.-s Anestasiua II JfS'i!! Syramachus 4aM Horm!das B14-..- John 7 S2-"!! Felix III 526-530 Bon'ftce :I '''J0.'"? Jonn li fcga-pM Asapetus I ...ii..,.,.,iisi-36 Sylverius 537-37 Vlglllus 5,'";?f Pelagius I John in !!-?!! Benedict I Pelagius II SI?"??? Gregory I 50-604 Sablnianus u .! BunlfUL-e III Boniface IV Deusdecit . . Boniface V . tionorlus I . Severlnus . . John IV ... Theodore I . Martin I . . -Hugenius 1 . Vltallan .... Adeudatus ' Donus Aatho Leo II Benedict John V . . onon . . . Sergius John VI John VII flliaf.nus II (07 . .608-615 . .615-618 . . 619-1125 . .625-13.16 640 . .640-642 . .642-649 . . i-. 4 ;i - r. :. :t . . 654-657 . .657-672 . .672-676 . .676-678 ..678-681 . , i83-6S . .664-685 . .686-686 . . 6S6-6S7 . .687-701 . .701-705 . .704-707 708 Constantlne ISi'liS Gregory II 715- 1 31 Gregory III I3l"'f! Zacharfus ifiwre Stephen . 752-7;,7 Paul 1 757-76, Stephen III 768-772 Adrian I 772-795 Leo III i95-Slo Stephen IV 816-817 Pasebml 1 sn-o. ttugentus II Valentine . . Gregory IV . Sergius II . . Leo TV Benedict III Nicholas I Adrian II .. John VIII .824-827 827 . . .827-844 . . .844-847 . . .847-855 . . .855-858 . . .858-867 . . .867-872 . . .872-88 Marinas 7 SSJ-SS Adrian III S84-SS5 Stephen V SK5-S81 Formosus S91-89i Boniface VI : 896 Stephen VI M'"!tJ Romanus 89 Theodore II John IX. Benedict IV Leo V Christopher . . Sergius III Anastasius III Lando John X Leo VI Stephen VII . . John XI Leo VII Stephen VTII . Marinus II ... Agapetus John XII Leo VIII Benedict V .. John XIII Benedict VI . ,S9 . .898-9D0 . .900-903 90S . .903-904 . .91)4-911 . .911-913 . .913-914 . .914-928 928 . .928-931 . .931-935 . .9:16-939 . .939-942 . .942-946 . .946-955 . .955-964 . .963-965 964 . .965-972 . .973-974 u.- ,., ! VIT 9.4-9SJ John xiv ltzrlii Boniface VII 984-985 John XV SS-"-''il Gregory V 996-9?? Sylvester II 99-,l!!5j John XVII - -JO" John XVIII 10H3-:;V', Sergius IV H5H2K Benedict VIII 101J"1S:i John XIX Ji!i!2H Benedict IX 103-10441 Gregory VI 1045-1046 Clement II 1046-iO T Damascus II 1 Leo IX 1049-IOo4 Victor II 1065-1O-, Stephen IX JffIJ!fJ Benedict X tS;'-!"''' Nicholas II 1058-1061 Alexander II 1061-10. 3 Gregory VII 107510,5i Victor III Ml!C Urban U Paschal II !;!!! Gelasius 11 HJHH! Callxtus II II1!";:! Ilonorlus II Innocent II 13S"3i5 Celestlne II IJltHii Lucius 11 JJIJ",1; Eugenius 111 J Ji5f -3 Anastasius IV ,15,," Adrian IV SttHiS Alexander III zt!l Lucius III HU'UU Crban III ll8SilSi Gregory VIII i;.;'?,1!, Clement III HST iJSl Celestlne lit JJJJ'H?! Innocent III l?f-J;?,5 Honorius III 1 3I?-J- J Gregory X Un"Hlt Celestine IV iiiiliiB Innocent IV Alexander IV fiil"j!fi Urban IV HS lias Clement IV 1265-1268 Gregory X l,n"HJ! Innocent V , Jf Adrian V ;ijifji! John XXI HIS'Hin Nicholas III JS7-HJ! Martin IV JKHtt? Honorius IV Nicholas IV 1J8s-';?7 Celestine V HiUlHJ Boniface VIII IHHit? Benedict III fJJf;JJ Clement V Jl!! HJ! John XXI fliil!. Benedict XII UinS Clement VI ittHSi? Innocent VI JJiJ'JSS Urban V lS?,Vll-S Gregory XI t!2 file Urban VI !!!.!!! Boniface IX . Hni'woii Innocent VII .: ffStJiSS Gregory XII 12t"ll?o Alexander V 0-X4tl0 John XXIII lliHllf Martin V JjJJtJS Eugenius IV JiJrfifJ Nicholas V H4Iiii Callxtus III iffi" tit? Plus II ill? 16T1 paui 11 itSriiii Slxtus IV iffi'ilSi Innocent VIII ijJJ'TS! ilpvnn.ler VI 1 Pius III Julius II Leo X Adrian VI Clement VII .1503 1503-1513 1513-1521 1622- 1523 1623- 1524 Paul III ssaLtas Julius III l66(",1t pfuU.1 IV UU llft Pius V J. Gregory XVI SX'vM Slxtus V 188 i o Urban VII ilil'HS Gregory XIV ., 1S0-151 Innocent IX ilii 'Tins Clement VIII 1582";?n5 Leo XI iltii!St Paul V ltw-l.i Manning's 35c Coffee Manning's Coffee Store Jones' Market Fourth and Alder POSLAM HEALS SKIN QUICKLY AND PLEASANTLY The splendid work of healing which Poslam accomplishes in Eczema or any L skin disease, makes it best for v our use if you seek a remedy more than merely mildly efficient, which will take hold right at the'start, stopping all itching, and eradicating the trouble wholly and In very brief time. Because Poslam meets all these demands, it now enjoys the widest success and most extensive sales here and abroad. Your druggist sells Poslam. For free sample write to Emergency Labora tories. 32 West 25th Street, New York. Poslam Soan is a positive treat to tender skin or skin subject to eruption-. al troubles. Non-irritating. IB cental and 15 qents, ""' 1 Peoples Theater Sensation for Famous Players i. BIG FILM COMPANY PRODUCES THRILLING DRAMA The Better Man A BIG HIT SCORED Only 3 Days More-Today, Friday, Saturday lOc ONLY lOc flregory XV I rban VIII . . . Innocent X Alexander VII Clement IX . . Clement X . . . Innocent XI . . Alexander VII Innocent XII Clesnent XI Innocent XIII Benedict Xlll .iail-ift . i;i-U44 .1444-t66 ,tU-ll .167-1(1011 . 170-I67 .17S-1J 1.1S1)1 .Il-170'l .17(10-17:1 .1751-1714 .17:4-17.10 ( 'lemeni XI Benedict XIV Clement XIII Clement xiv . Plus VI Plus VII Leo XII Plus VIII . ... (In gorv XVI Plus IX Leo XIII Plus X .1740 IT ..1TH-I7 . 1 T 1 .177:. 1. ..IHCO-I-, .ltU-ll ,.ll-ll .Mil-is . .II4-I . .U7S-15 ..lfOJ-1? THE PROPERTY OWNERS OF THE CITY OF PORTLAND OFFER YOU THIS OPPORTUNITY GREATEST AUCTION of Real Estate in years Immense number of improved and unimproved properties in the city of Portland to be offered at Public Auction We have been told that the war conditions of Europe should have postponed this great sale, but this is the reason that makes it possible for you to buy properties Miles Below the Market We have selected these properties out of a large number submitted and have submitted them only after a strict and careful appraisement. The Only One Investment Remaining Stable Under All Conditions Is Real Estate. Two Days Auction Dining-Room, Hotel Portland Thursday, September 10th Friday, September 11th Commencing at 2 P. M. each day. INVESTIGATE NOW Send for new illustrated catalogue. Consult your own brokers as to values. The Fred A. Jacobs f Auction Department VOITiP&riy 2 69 Washington St. in conjunction with A. J. RICH & COMPANY, San Francisco and New York. ( f