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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 11, 1914)
THE MORNING OREGOXIAN, TUESDAY, AUGUST 11. 1014. 6 PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered ml Portland. Oreaon. Postoffice as eecocd-clasa matter. 6utcrlptlon Ratea Invariably la Advance. (By Mall) Daily. Sunday Included, one year f S Daily. Sunday Included, six montha -fj Daily. Sunday Included, three montha.. Dally. Sunday included, one month ? Dally, without Sunday, one year Yr Dally, without Sunday, eix month! Daily, without Sundai, three montha... Dally, without Sunday, one month Weekly, one year 2 50 ftiunday, one year Sunday and Weekly, one year (BT CARRIBR) Dally, Sunday included, one year f-i Daily. Sunday Included, one month ' How to Remit Send Poatofflce money or der, expresa order or peraonal check on J local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are i senetefe rlak. Give poatoffice addresa in tun. Poetase Ratea 13 to 18 pases. 1 OeaU. to paces. 2 centa; 34 to 43 page. - " j 60 to 60 pazes. 4 cental 62 to 76 pases centa; 7S to 92 paces. 6 centa Forelun poat ac. double ratea. v Eaatern Rualneaa Office. Vetree Cona lin. New York, Brunswick buildloc caco. steger buildlr.fi San Francisco Office R. J. Bldwell CO.. T43 .Market street. PORTLAND, IIIWU I. Al Gl'ST IS. 191- WORLD'S MAP MAY BE REMADE. Decisive victory for either of the two contending groups of powers In Europe will make all present maps of the world useless. Whichever wins, boundaries will be changed by transfer of great areas of territory from the vanquished to the victors. Colonies In every part of the world will change hands and commercial and naval su premacy will be with one party or the other. Should Germany and Austria win, France may lose more provinces and be reduced to the level of Spain among nations. Germany would seize Alge ria. Tunis. Morocco, all the French col onies on the west coast of Africa and Tonguln in Asia. Most important of all to the United States, Germany might seize Martinique and French Guiana and become our rival for con trol of the Caribbean Sea. Germany -would also acquire Tahiti and the other French islands in the South Pacific Ocean and become our commercial rival there. Austria would have a free hand in the Balkans and would annex Servia and Albania and probably take from Greece the Jatter's recently-acquired territory on the Aegean Sea. including the much-coveted Salonica. From Rus sia the two powers would probably take a large slice of Poland. Wero Great Britain decisively beaten at sea, while her allies were crushed on land, Germany would extort ces sion of many of the strategic points by which England guards the world's trade routes Gibraltar, Malta, Cyprus and Egypt, on the Mediterranean, for example. British colonies in East, West and South Africa might be lost and the Cape-to-Cairo railroad con structed by Germany through German territory- Portugal would forfeit her remaining African colonies as the pen alty of aiding her historic ally, and Africa would become an almost purely German continent. The United States might be confronted with German rule .In Canada, and the conquering em pire might brush aside the Monroe Doctrine and found colonies in South America. Seizing the British West In dies and British Guiana and combin ing them with the French colonies in that region. Germany might try to make the Caribbean a German sea. India. Australia and New Zealand might fall into her grasp. Possession of Borneo would make her a menace to our possession of the Philippine. Victory for the Anglo-Russo-French allies would have consequences more momentous in Europe and Asia than in other continents. France would not only reclaim Alsace and Lorraine, but might take other Rhine provinces in compensation. Servia might be ex panded into a great kingdom by acqui- I sition of Slavonla, Croatia, Bosnia, Ntria and Dalmatla from Austria, by annexation of Albania and by control of the northern part of the Adriatic's east shore. Turkey, having apparently decided to throw In her lot with Aus tria and Germany, would probably be driven out of Europe finally and Rus sia would take Constantinople, as well as a large slice of Asiatic Turkey. The great Slav empire would probably absorb Posen and East Prussia, which have a majority of Slav population. From Austria it would take Galicia. extending its boundaries to the Car oathian Mountains. As her share of the spoils, England j might be expected to take, first, Heli goland, which commands the river en trances to the principal North Sea ports. She would endeavor to force neutralisation of the Kiel canal, that ships of all nations might have free entrance to the Baltic, and she might compel demolition of the fortifications. The -German colonies in East Africa would fall to England, which would then have a railroad route from Alex andria to Capetown, entirely in her own dominions. France would reclaim the part of the French Congo which she recently ceded to Germany and would divide with England the Ger man colonies in West Africa, probably taking the Kamerun and yielding Southwest Africa to England. Ger many would lose her islands in the Malay Archipelago aHid in the South Pacificuo her enemies, most important of these being German New Guinea. Germany would also lose Kiao-Chao in China by cession either back to China or to one of the victors. The consequences of defeat might easily be dismemberment of Austria. Shorn of great territories on the sout.h, cast and northeast, she would proba bly face revolt in Bohemia, which would try to revive the ancient king dom. Hungary might cut loose from the discredited Hapsburgs. " in Ger many the mortified people might turn on the autocracy of the Kaiser. In both empires Socialism has gained such a hold that Its adherents might seize the opportunity to overturn both monarchies and attempt to establish Social democratic republics. The two emperors may prove to have staked not only their territory but their crowns on the issue of the war. An outcome of the war favorable to the Teutons would check but would not permanently destroy the Slav men ace. Russia's millions would continue to increase. Her vast area would render her conquest an almost super human task. She would simply retire into her own territory and silently organise her forces for another strug gle. Were she and her allies to win, the great increase In Slav power which would result might soon impress on France and England the necessity of a new combination to hold Russia in check. Having forced Germany to abandon dreams of domination, they might welcome her and Austria into an alliance designed to restrain the ever-grasping ambition of Russia. Every alliance alma only to meet the emergencies of the present and Im mediate future. It end attained. It (dissolves and is followed by a new I grouping of powers according to the new situation. aaicvcr uo mc vv come of the present struggle, we may find Western Europe leagued against the further expansion of Slavonla. It Is quite possible, however, that one of the two contending groups of nations may win victory on land, the other on sea. In that case the victors on land woula" be in such straits for lack of supplies from abroad and the victors on sea would be in such danger of extermination of the' land forces that both would be glad to make peace. Then President Wilsons offer of mediation might prove welcome and the battle would probably end in a draw. BOLD ATTACK ON MERIT r-YsTEM. The letter carriers of the United States have been under civil service for a great many years. They are an efficient. intelligent and patriotic body of men. They serve the Government loyally and the public faithfully. They have come to be an integral and permanent part of the Federal service. Other postoffice employes, tpo, have long been In the classified list. They have got their places by good work and they have held them by merit. The entire postal service is a triumph of the merit system. But it Is not safe from the vandal hand of the spoilsman. The House at Washington has tentatively adopted an amendment to the railway pay bill removing all postoffice employes from the civil service. The reign of the Job hunter and the place filler is to be resumed. The Democratic party is in the sad dle at Washington. The old-time spoilsmen of the South are running the Democratic party. It is the in veterate foe of the civil service. The letter carriers, the railway mail clerks, and all postoffice employes are not for a moment secure if the Democratic party is to remain in power. "CONSPIRACY" AT SPRNUFIELD. Possibly the little Albany paper, which has been demanding of Mr. Rnofh that he tell "where he got it" his timber and his fortune and which is face to face with the cer tnintv that he la coins- to answer, can spring a little diversion from its ob vious predicament by shitting tne in quiry from Mr. Booth to Mr. Booth's neighbors. They know where he got It and what he has been doing with it. They will willingly tell all they know or ever heard about it all, with out a doubt. Thn aihanv editor mleht begin at Springfield. The Booth-Kelly saw mill resumed operations there yester rl.iv To he sure. It is well under stood that Mr. Booth has retired from the active management of that great concern, and retains only a minor, In terest in it: yet it stanas as me pai usa lar creation of Mr. Booth and its re lations to the several communities where it operates yet rest on the foundation he" made. The Rooth-Keilv mill at Springfield burned a year or so ago. It was the chief industry of that thriving town. Many men were thus thrown out of cmnlovment. For some weeks It was uncertain whether the mill could or would be rebuilt. Now a great new mnHprn aawfll ill has taken the place or the old and It has begun again to saw lumber from logs of the Booth- Kelly holdings and doubtless trom nther timber lands. Several hundred men have been put to work. The lumber market Is depressed out never the saws in the Springfield mill are buzzing. On August 29 there is to be a formal celeDration or. ina event under the auspices of the Spring field Development League. The Albany paper ought to uncover all the facts about the organization rf that develoDment league. Are they Independent citizens of a hustling and ambitious Oregon town, or are they themselves timber barons who have nefariously conspired with the Booth Kelly company to despoil the land by cutting down great trees and convert ing them into lumber? The develop ment league, no doubt, will say that they are honest men, honestly re joicing that honest industry is again on its feet at Springfield. But the Albany paper knows better, of course. The wicked devices by which they have been deceived Into the opinion that a full dinner pail for every Springfield home is to be preferred to the empty dinner pail caused by an idle sawmill during Democratic times ought to be exposed by the Al bany editor. DREADNAVOHTS TO BE TESTED. In the opinion of Admiral Mahan, one of the great naval experts of the world, the most decisive strokes of the war will be fought at sea. The first naval battle may be In either the North or Adriatic sea. Dispatches suggest that the latter will be the scene of hostilities. Two German cruisers have gone up the Adriatic from Messina and an Austrian fleet is reported to have gone out to meet them. One of them was reported to have been damaged, which implies that It has been in action. The Anglo French fleet may have been chasing the Germans and may engage the com bined Au-tro-German forces. The entire Austrian navy is probably In the Adriatic, ready to cope with the main body of the French navy and the British Mediterranean squad ron. Austria has four modern battle ships, nine older battleships, three first-class, two second-class and seven third-class cruisers, three gunboats, 18 destroyers, 53 torpedo-boats and 15 submarines. France has 17 modern and 15 older battleships, 18 first-class, four second-class and nine third-class cruisers, six gunboats, 8 7 destroyers, 173 torpedo-boats and 90 submarines. England has a squadron in the Medi terranean, but her main strength it concentrated in the North Sea, France being left to guard their joint inter ests in the South. Even half the French navy would seem sufficient to cope with the entire Austrian navy, and such German ships as have joined It. Admiral Mahan says the first naval clash may teach us the real worth of the dreadnaught in battle, but he thinks the really interesting and in structive combat will be between, say, a dozen dreadnaughts and a dozen and a half ordinary battleships. Then we may see whether the 12 and 14-inch gun is of such Importance as has been assumed. He intimates that the very big gun may prove to be much over rated, the bulk of the damage In the Russo-Japanese war having been done by eight and ten-Inch guns, and the number of hits having proved much more important than single shots from great guns. He thinks two shots from eight-inch guns would be much more effective than one H-lnch shot and that this war will prove his opinion correct. The usefulness of submarines and airships in naval warfare will also be tested. Should Austria overcome the great odds which France and England bring against her in the first engagement, the latter powers would still have enough ships in reserve for another trial of strength. Greece, with a navy lately reinforced by the addition of two American battleships, is likely to help against Austria. Admiral Siaaan Delieves Jta-iy will soon ue iuuiiu ws'"--ing against her former allies, and Ital ian Irritation at the Austrian bom bardment of Antlvari may hasten ful filment of his prediction. Were Aus tria to win a tight with the Anglo French forces, her navy would surely be bo damaged as to be no match for the superior force of Italy. The latter country has an old score to settle on the sea, for the Austrian Admiral Teg ethoff, with modern ships, defeated her ironclad fleet at Llssa in 1866. Should Admiral Mahan's prediction as tq Italy's participation in the war be verified and should the Austrian navy be exterminated by the vastly suplrtor force of its foes, the victors would be free to send their main force to the North Sea. Germany would then be so enormously overmatched at sea that only prodigies of valor and skill on her part. Or prodigies of blun dering on the part of her enemies, could save her fleet from destruction unless It retreated to the Baltic, where entrances are successfully de fended by mines. FARMING THE BACKYARD. A satirical citizen of Sherwood writes to ask how to raise enough food in a backyard to feed a family. He remarks derisively that if we solve the problem fame will be our eternal portion, fame more glorious than Edi son's or the Kaiser's. His letter is printed today in another column. Naturally the method we should adopt would depend somewhat upon the size of the family to be fed, but there are a few general rules that apply equally to all cases. We should begin our agricultural adventure by collecting the empty to mato and embalmed beef cans lying scattered from the kitchen steps to the rear fence and throw them into the next lot if the owner was not a fighting man. If he was, then we should bury them. Combustible rub bish we should burn If the police did not forbid. The next step Is to buy a cartload of stable rpfuse or other good fertilizer. Perhaps two. cartloads would be better or even three. And In addition to that it would be well to buy a good big basket-full of potash, nitrate of soda and probably a little lime for the stomach's sake. The earth's stomach turns sour upon lib eral diet if it Is not duly limed. Finally there must be a good sup ply of water, not to sprinkle idiotically on the top of the ground but to seep and soak down to the roots of things. Having all these preliminaries art fully arranged we should wait for a bright and beauteous spring day, and seizing the golden moment, plant our seeds, with appropriate incantations to insure prompt germination. In planting a man should follow certain magic rules as, for example, to select seed that is fairly liable to be fertile, not to leave wide spaces between rows for weeds to grow In and not to think that one planting will do for the season. As soon as the peas are up corn should be planted in the rows, or carrots or anything else thai the family relishes and when the corn is well under way one may put beans in between the stalks, and so on. The point is to utilize all the ground for crops all the time and allow none of it to grow up to weeds. For fruit and nuts the garden ought to be set with dwarf trees, apples afid pears at any rate, with a few filberts. Peaches and cherries will grow in any corner If they are slightly en couraged. The dwarfs and filberts thrive among the vegetables and sup ply many a basket of delicious edibles. There is not a backyard in. Portland that begins to produce the food it easily might. Perhaps our friend be gins now to perceive how the family could be fed from the soil that lies neglected. He is not the only person who needs the lesson we are trying to teach. PRELIMINARY SKIRMISHES. While the world is watching devel opments at Lisse with bated breath and every advance and repulse of a detachment is eagerly heralded, jjet in the light of the great miliary prob lems at hand the actions that have occurred so far constitute little more than an advance guard skirmish. Nothing has yet happened that might be termed a great battle; certainly nothing that comes under the head of a decisive battle. As the opening cam paign of a great war, no doubt the actions about Liege will be recorded in history in considerable detail. But it is likely that Liege will be lost sight of before a great while, when battles on a large scale develop. It would appear from dispatches that the German forces have the sit uation well in hand at Liege. It is not disputed from any source that the Germans have occupied the town and extended their lines across the River Meuse, although some of the Belgian forts are yet reported intact. Yet, once Isolated and cut off. the forts cannot hope to remain intact very long. With Liege reduced and the German advance directed down the valley in the direction of Namur, where, the Belgians are strongly fortified, that little Belgian center may become the scene of the next struggle in the north ern campaign. If the French re inforcements are heavy and the Ger mans are Intent on forcing a main attack on France through Belgium, something In the nature of a great battle may develop shortly in the val ley of the Meuse, probably east and north of Namur. The relative strength of the French and German forces now closing in is not stated definitely. Strategists keep such Important facts to themselves. It is only by recon nolssance and contact that this secret will bo divulged. Necessarily, the French concentra tion in Belgium cannot be very heavy possibly not more than two or three of the twenty-one French corps. With in inferior military force to draw upon, the French strategists are not to be suspected of taking the German northern advance too seriously until It develops more fully. If the Germans concen trate heavily In Belgium, of course the French will have to throw in such additional forces as are needed to meet the situation, for little can be expected from the English allies, inasmuch as the English expeditionary force will not exceed the 100,000 mark very far at this time. The three or four Eng lish corps naturally cannot be counted upon to turn the tide of battle; even admitting that they tight as well as the German regulars, which military authorities do not expect of them. There are indications that the world will not have to wait very long for a further developmest ,of the German plan of campaign. Despite the strict censorship, word has come through that the Germans are concentrating on the French frontier west and south of Luxemburg. It is in this region that the German general staf has established headquarters, and it is for this point that the German Emperor is said to have departed fron Berlin. Official dispatches from Berlin dis close these facts. While the Liege affair has served to set the deadly machinery of war In motion, the present time necessarily is largely one of maneuvering and con centration. Even with the wonderful fucility for action of the German reg ular establishment, the readjustment of a million men from a peace to a war status cannot be effected in a day or- a week. We have yet to see the great European conflict in Its really terrifying and destructive aspects. This Summer is the fortieth since the Chautauqua was founded by John H. Vincent. His idea was to unite the lyceum, the camp meeting and the college in a single grand institution. The Chautauqua has not worked out quite as he planned. It contains more vaudeville and less college than Dr. Vincent would have desired 40 years ago, but It probably comes as near to his dream as most realizations do. Worse than a European war is the ordeal facing candidates for the United States Senate. Unless one is very poor he can hire, or force, some body else to do his fighting, but a man who would be Senator must now face the music. There are no substi tutes allowed in his campaign. In the good old times he could maneuver behind the bulwarks of the Legisla ture. Now it must be on the open field. Times are sadly altered. An article in the State Horticultural Society's 5th annual report, now Just out, advises strongly against using "complete fertilizers" in orchards. The fact is that almost any soil supplies all the elements of plant food with one or two exceptions. What the lacking elements are should be ascertained by experiment and not by dumping "com plete fertilizers" into the ground. The Portland Art Association's 22d annual report mentions numberless Interesting, activities. The Associa tion's exhibitions have been particu larly notable. They have included school work, Venetian etching, photo graphs, prints and a dozen other beautiful and instructive collections. The study classes are doing a work that should be encouraged. Austria is at her old game of In vading Switzerland and she is likely to get her old winnings. The tongue of the Hapsburg has always liquored for Switzerland but the Swiss fed the tyrant of old on cold lead and they have the same diet for him now. If there were any more poles to dis cover, and if any man discovered one of them, the fact would hardly receive attention. The importance of news Is only relative. It is easier for an American in Europe to get a passport than a rail road ticket until ,the blockade caused by the movement of troops is broken. There is plenty of sporting blood In the American financier when he offers to "buy your old ship" In order to continue his voyage into the war zone. It might be advisable to send an American commission to Liege to dis cover whether it is actually in possession-of Germans or Belgians. A visiting English statesman would like to see European armies shoot their officers and embrace on the battlefield. That's the Mexican way. Why don't the powers refer the whole quarrel to George Fred Williams for settlement? No job is too big for him to tackle. Turkey began mobilizing yesterday. (This is Turkey in Europe. Turkey in Douglas County will mobilize a few months later.) If the war lasts long and prices keep going up, we may have to reduce our diet to two meals a day, witlr meat once a week. The Prince of Wales has been as signed to an English battalion. Bet that battalion doesn't get to the front. Now is the time for American dress makers and milliners to establish our independence'of Paris fashions. When 'the war is over there will be a rush of American tourists to see the battlefields and ruins. The latest Shamrock Is safe at Ber muda. It would be too bad to have her caught by the enemy. Make yourself at home, Mr. Buyer, and if you do not see what you want, push the button. It certaly is to be a war high up in the air so far as food prices are concerned. The combatants will please leave a few warships for the big Canal parade next year. German light field guns are drawn by hounds. Those are the real dogs of war. Uncle Sam will keep the peace in Asia, but Japan may keep the pieces. After prolonged silence, Bryan got into the news items yesterday. War Is sending up the price of eoal. And Winter coming on, too. Canada's gift of a million sacks of flour is but the beginning. If Austria is not careful, France will make wTar on her. The best subsistence department will win yet. Webster gives It "le-azh." the "a" as In "far." But then the thing' hasn't really got started yet. Amid all this uproar, where is Huerta? Have your flag ready for Canal day. Half a Century Ago From the Oregonian of Aug. 11, 1864. The arrangements for the completion of the Oregon railroad survey are still in progress. The main route from the boundary line of the state has already been finished. The proposed route through the Willamette valley direct to Portland has never received the at tention and encouragement its import ance demands. Colonel Barry is in the city and will receive the names ot all those willing to help. We are glad to see that H. W. Corbett heads the list with 100, followed by Ladd & Tilton, also for $lj0. The third annual session of the Ore gon State Educational Association and Teachers' Institute was held at Albany, commencing August 2. The following officers were elected: President, Pro fessor E. P. Henderson; vice-presidents, S. H. Marsh, Professor J. L. Powell, and Rev. S. G. Irvine; corresponding secretary, C. B. Roland; recording sec retary, A. C. Daniels; treasurer, F. Stil son; executive committee, A. C. Daniels, P. S. Knight and E. P. Henderson. The residence of Soloman Smith in Silverton was consumed by fire on August 8. Nothing was saved, but one bed. The excitement Incident to the dls- rnvarv nf rich cnlH (lpnOSitS near VlC- torla's Jetty equals that of 1858, when the Frasier mver excitement auw broke out in San Francisco. Owing to the rush of everybody from town It rn.t a Hnllar an hour to the hand tO discharge the freight of the steamer Oregon. A. M. Osborn and family, with sev eral others, passed through Salem yes terday on their way to Linn County. Thomas Fraser, United States As sessor for the State of Oregon, re ports the assessment for the year 1864 from licenses, duties on carriages, bil liard tables, etc., J30.642; from incomes, (36,903. The Oregon-California Navigation Company on Monday last commenced building their new wharf in this city. Rev. Dr. Patterson, of the Chrsitian Commission, left San Francisco on the steamer August 9 and will be here next Sabbath to fill the desk of the Rev. P. S. Coffrey at the Presbyterian Church. Three families with their wagons and stock arrived by the steamer Wil son G. Hunt, direct from the States. E. G. Richardson, of Sacramento, superintendent of the California stage line, ts in our city. Line down This was the Intelli gence we received from the telegraph office last evening. QUEER ADVICE INVESTOR GETS When Real Estate Is Artlvo It la "Too Hieh"; Now It la "Better W u." PORTLAND. Aug. 9. (To the Edi tor.) In a general letter on tra ie con ditions. Issued by a local bank, I was impressed with the good advice con tained in the following paragraphs, re garding the effect of the present war upon this country: It will be a mark of the fineat patriotlam and an expreaslon of timely commonfiense If all people will lend their moral aupport to the various undertakings for the benefit of oaf commercial and financial welfare and express openly their confidence In those to whom leadership has been entrusted. The moat Important service to tho country at this time that the individual cltiaen may offer ib to tranaact his butilnesa In the reg ular way. modlfylna; his plans only as urgent conditions may arise. , I had no sooner finished reading this trade letter than a gentleman came into my office regarding a mortgage loan and told me that he was surprised that a certain bank, which ho had al ways held in high esteem, had Just advised one of his clients who had gone there to have his check certified for the purpose of buying a mortKat'e. not to curchase same but to noicl orr ior awhile. It seems to me that many of our banks do not heed their own advice regarding "the Important service the individual citizen can render at this time by transacting his business in the regular way. Did our banker friend think he was performing an important service to his country or to nis ue positor or to his bank, when ho frisht ened the depositor who went there to have his check certified, and caused him to overthrow a legitimate deal? The depositor loses the interest he would have gotten from the mortgage, the seller of the mortgage is withheld froni the money which he no doubt noedeiTami tne oanit aione proms iruni the money which the foolish depositor allowed to remain. Numerous cases-. have come to my knowledge where our local bankers have given just such advice to intend ing investors, particularly regai(iinn' investments In real estate. When real estate is active they say "it is too high"; in times like the present they say "better wait a while." My advice to the man who has money to invest and is unwilling to rely on his own Judgment. Is to consult the first man he may meet at random on the street, in preference to going to a banker. The moral is, rely on your own judgment. Bankers are not superior beings and are only trained to hoard the money In their vaults. AN INDIVIDUAL CITIZEN. Strreta mm Paved in Arizona. PHOENIX, Ariz.. Aug. 4. (To the Editor.) I noticed in The. Oregonian a few days ago of a wagon being stuck in a hard surface pavement in one of the Willamette Valley towns on a warm day. A pavement that will "mire" a wagon in the climate of the Willamette Valley ought not be called a "hard" surface pavement. They ought to come to Phoenix for a formula for street pavement. I have seen the murcury 114 degress frequently and the pave ment is about as hard and firm as in Winter. I believe Portland could learn some thing, here about street paving that would be to her advantage. At all In tersections they raise the puvement even with the top of the curb, which makes it easier and"- pleasanter for pedestrians. Provision is made to carry the water under the pavement at all corners. Some might say this plan would not work in Portland on aocount of so much rain, but I think it would. I have seen It rain harder here than 1 ever did In Portland and I have never seen the gutters clogged. They have "dummy" omees at nil cross ings. They are made of sas pipe about two feet square and three feet high. Printed on four sides are the words: "Kr. tn the right, J5 fine.'' They seem to work well here. G. C. K. SenHlckneas on Dry Land. Chicago Correspondent, Philadelphia Ledger. They have a new disease in Kansas, not so destructive as the pellagra of the South, the hookworm or that ap palling malady which Is produced by . i v. .1 A i turnwl nut a t Peoria. 111. but merely annoying. It is called wheat sickness. As travelers pass through Kansas they gaze out on the limitless fields of wheat, and never Is thera a oay in tnai state wmtu uudb . , . , . . k,ua-ru rTViia fftllKAH a htl- iowy effect, pleasing if you do not get too much of It, but productive of an affection similar to seasickness. Many a traveler nas oeen ouiigeu to see temporary seclusion on account of the . nn Kla ,i.,-nn V t A m .in. I Vl I mechanics of digestion. It is said that people who can safely bear the horrors of the English Channel surrender to the Kansas wheat fields. Wail of the War Weary By Dean Collins. All Europe in the throes of tight Assembles armed bands, And rumors fly by day and night That no one understands. I'm tired of having war dope sprung At breakfast dinner, lunch. By tren and women, old and young: I have a better hunch. While soldiers cut each other down. And noise of conflict rolls, I guess I'll ramble out of town And cut some fishing poles. While troops In savage battle go Or so the press affirms I'll mobilize a spade or hoe And dig some fishing worms. Or while the scouts seek out the spot Wherein the foe is hid, 1 guess I'll scout around the lot And catch a katydid. A grasshopper, a cricket plump. Or beetle, that will look Just right to mako the fishes Jump When kicking on a hook. I'm tired of war and wa's alarms; I'm tired of martial riot; I scorn the ringing call to arms And yearn and yearn for quiet. A pipe, a hook, a murmuring stream Is all that I could wish: I'd Just forget the war, and dream And fish, and fish and fish. SECLUDED BMSS IN THE FORESTS. Ideal Vacation Spots Abound In Wooda and Hills Near Portland. PORTLAND, Aug. 3. (To the Edi tor.) Your inquiry "what Is a vacation without a babbling brook" precisely hits the nail on the head. To "cut away a little space In the dense woods near a cold brook and build a log house, leaving all the surroundings wild," Is the Ideal way In which to get 'Inext to Nature," enjoy a surcease from the worries Incident to business life and to really reap that which la the underlying object of a vacation in the first place. The mistake made by most mortals is In hiking for the sea coast n- the first day of a vacation, where, while the surroundings are dif ferent from those to which we are accustomed, they are not essentially different on any day from any other day. The sameness Is monotonous in the extreme, and unless one wants to get Into society each day It soon be comes tiresome and uninteresting. In other words, a vacation that doesn't vacate Is a delusion and without help ful results. But a cainp in the mountains or in the foothills, near a "babbling brook," always fresh from the snows, If you are fortunate enough to live In Ore gon, with the evergreen forests about you for the background and foreground of your daily picture, witli the endless varieties of singing birds that abound in such surprising numbers as your curious and interesting companions, your environments Hre such that each passing hour is a delight and you ac tually decide that "this is the life to live." To be sure, the beaches have their attractions, but for a vacation that furnishes one with a change, a real change, that in the first place suggests the desirability of a vacation at all, the ocean merely presents a situation where the beholder Is supplied with a continuous performance of a one-act movie on a grand scale. In tho mountains, however, the mag nificent mountains, every glimpse Is a different picture from that which pre ceded 1t and you find yourself In Na ture's gallery where sky and cloud and stream and grass, flowers and shrubs and trees and animals com bine under the artistic arrangement of the Almighty to give you the best there is on the earth and a vision of that which possirfly awaits us or some of us In the great beyond. There are literally thousands of Ideal camping places of this character with in 50 miles of Portland, never visited or used by our people. Indeed, you can find all the desirable qualities In a camping place where rest and recrea tion mav be found of that character which builds up the physlr-al and men tal systems within five miles of Port land running water, fresh air, abun danco of shads under the spreading trees which give off their fragrance of balsam and other invigorating compo sitions, dally mail nearby and fishing and hunting everywhere. And, better than all, there Is where you get out of crowds, the presence' of which alone makes It necessary to have a vacation at ull. A vacation that responds to the meaning of the word calls for a degree of solitude that Is never found at the beaches, but which abounds In the at tractions of the mountains and woods. I have several times stood on the top of the "Big JIUl." from which the traveler used to get his first view of that matchless scene where the Wal lowa and Mlnam rivers form their Junction a full mile below you on the old road leading from Grand Honda Valley to the Wallowa. There Ik no grander plcturo to be found In any other part of Oregon, and. therefore. In no other country. Immediately before you ts the Minam, first sweeping Into sight around a perpendicular rocky bluff, topped with giant firs, and pur suing It leisurely way between lower hills where bunch grass still holds Its own. It finds its course through pro Jectinc rocks and over occasional rap- Ids to Its union with the Wallowa River after the tortuous course of both of them for scores of miles, the latter through the beautiful Wallowa l,ak and the former from its source In the Kagie Creek Mountains 100 miles away. As you sit In awe a mile above and listen to the far away murmur of the waters of these streams no other sound of any kind reaching your ears you are quite apt tn lose yourself In speculation as to how long they have been engaged In this continual wooing and perpetual union of forces. When Columbus discovered America mora than 400 years ago were they thus employed? And, if so, think of the "tenacity of purpose" that has been back of it all. and Is still there in un diminished intent! It Isn't likely there has been any change here since the beginning of the Christian era and no doubt wiien Solomon was building his temple the Wallowa and Mlnam wero singing their murmuring songs to tho towering trees, or, at least, to the over hanging rocks, and to the ancestors ot Chief Joseph. Or who can say tnat this moving and Inspiring panorama was not hourly presented In the days of Noah's great experience and that these streams didn't have their experi ence In that stupendous aquatic scheme? And If they did, what a blissful era of "watchful waiting" they have seen and endured! Don't you think If you were privi leged to study this great portrayal of Nature you would speculate along thsse lines? I did. And then I wont down to whore tho rivers come to gether, attended the wedding, and camped "where all tho surroundings are wild" and had a vacation by a "babbling stream." Try It, ye tired city toller who not only wants but real ly needs a change. Its counterpart may be found, as I have said, In a thousand places within a few miles of Portland, where every prospect pleasos and only man is grouchy. T. T. GEEIJ. Food In (he Bark Yard. SHERWOOD, Or., Aug. 6. (To the Editor.) In The Oregonian yesterday you say: "Tho ordinary back yard will grow food for a family, with some to sell, under skillful hands." If you want to become more famous than Thomas A. Edison or James Gra ham Bell, Just tell us how It can be done. I am willing to pay for the in formation, and I think there are others who would bo glad to learn. b. K. 1CEL30. Littl Editorials on Business A Compelling Argument. After your advert bOMnt at tracts the attention of the possible customer ami creates a desire for the goods it should force ltim to go to your nearest dealer or come to your store and buy your merchan dise. The ultimate purpose of the advertisement is to mnke sales. Here is a case in point : A large department store adver tised a special sale of ladies' shirt waists. The copy was prepared for shirtwaists exclusively mid was separated from the full page ad vertisement of the store. The illustration was a group of pretty young women wearing these new styles. The design and pat tern of each Waist was faithfully reproduced. Underneath this proup was the heading in bold type "Opening Sale of Shirtwaists specially priced for one day only." Then followed a -short descrip tion of the four styles illustrated as examples of the quality and style of tho many shirtwaists to be offered in this sale. The price indicated tbnt they were real bargains and together with the description and illustra tion, created a desire for these waists. This advertisement was published in The Oregonian the day of the sale and particular attention was drawii to the fact that these special prices would be good for that day only. The limited time forced quick action. The shirtwaist department of the store was crowded with wom en before 10 o'clock the morning of the sale. Another advertiser forced action wheu he reduced the standard and widely advertised price of a lion hold social ty from $13."0 to ?rf.."4). In this case the desire for the ar ticle had nlrrady been created by previous advertising. The new advertising explained that the business had grown so fast that a lower cost of production and a greatly reduced selling ex pense hnd been obtained. Adver tising had made it possible to re duce the price of this well-known device. Tt was apparent that the capac ity of the factory would he taxed as a result of this new low price; therefore, "first come, first served" would be the policy in filling or ders. The manufacturer or merchant who does not enjoy satisfactory re sults from his advertising usually has no one but himself W blame His advertising is cither lacking in one or all of the three funda mental elements -attention. MM and action. Twenty-Five Year Ago From tha Oregonian of Aug. 11. 1". Port Townsend. Aua. 10. News was received here today that tho Union ' ciflc had signed an agreement with tho Port Townsend & Southern Rail road Company to build a rallmad from here direct to Portland. th first M miles to be completed before next Jan uary. Independence, Aug. 10. William A Mix. a farmer llvina two miles below town, lost his barn by straw fir last week. Halem. Aug. 10 Major H. '-Powell resigned as auditing lork and book keeper In tho Secretary of States of fice In order io give his time to his surveying contracts. Seattle. W. T. Aug. 1.-The totl value of all the taxable property In Seattle, as shown by tho Assesor s re turns, is a little over l..iO..on. in noting a true value of I40.00U.OOO The extent of territory burned over . J I 'i ,1 ii in iila Slnllith fi- certainly vory great. Tha Portland & Vancouver company hsm tiXt la keen the Uro from theli cord wood nl Wondburn. Jamas A. Penny snd Mla Endon. McEwau, K-st Portland fmmg Popl wore married nt Trinity church, Purl- land. Friday. Frank Harney has taken position as conduct. .r M the PortUml A Van couver Railroad. The Pacific Postal Telegraph Com pany ha adopted DM us of lh type writer In copying telegrams for do livery to the public. Ho not forget that the Willamette Kiver l now Ht Its vary lowest stoe and tho Impurity of tha water from thut stream can be detected vory roa.l- II y. iiMiut urcnori rm " wam llenre Ike Italian lleftisal MatM Saa l orrrsponiira. PORTLAND. Aug 9 (To the Editor. - These are tho real facts, which ex plain Why Italy keeps out of tho pres ent European conflict, from time lm- , . . hit, item the loiter- memorial .aubh. est and most treac herous enemy Italy ever had. ann nomine - pened that has changed her attitude. As evldenro of her feeling. I" tho be ginning "f the Italian-Turkish war, h.H . onrentratod her full fighting force In Tripoli, using nearly her entire army to -what did Austria do? The chief of her war staff. ' onrn.l .....,Hrf read In the Chamber vun iiurvni"iii - , m ..! in Vienna a "nun of war to invade Italy and recover the prov. Inces or i.uiuuimj - . it- li..u(ln trnv ride tO H. VlfV nomine ucuBittuv.i w . i sharp diplomatic controversy. Tha up shot of Italian energetic protest was that Conrad on Hoatsend.irf was forced to resign. mo act .it nawwa him was only to placate Italy, for. eventually, ha was reinstated Ho Is now the present chief of the Austrian army, and this Is tho matt that Italy Is asked to help. History for tho last 100 yeara la full of similar facts of Austria's hatred and Jealousy of tho Italian nation, and. though poli tics suggested tha signing of the treaty the present situation brought out the fact that oil unrt water won t J5 DOMENICO UKANO. Mats From 0r-"rs. Ilaltiniora American. American women yearly buy mora than 110,000,000 worth of millinery sup pliea from Franca. i