THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1914.
8
ftfte (Drewmutit
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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, AUG. 8. 19U-
THE COMING WAR AT SEA.
Kngland having- joined France and
Russia In their war with Germany
and Austria, attention is turned to
the relative strength of the contend
ing forces at sea and stimulates spec
ulation as to the probable course of
naval warfare.
In capital ships England is 50 per
cent stronger than Germany and in
pre-dreadnought battleships she is
twice as strong. Assuming that Italy
will join Germany and Austria when
Britain declares war. the French
navy alone is about equal to those of
Germany's two allies combined. This
leaves out of consideration the Rus
sian Baltic fleet, which is so weak by
comparison as to be practically at the
mercy of Germany.
The most obvious thing for the Brit
ish fleet to do would be to cross the
North Sea, meet the German fleet if
it ventures forth and do battle. If
victorious, the British could then
blockade the German North Sea coast.
Including the great ports of Wil
helmshofen, Bremen and Hamburg.
They could also blockade- the en
trances to the Kiel canal and the
Danish straits, thus shutting German
commerce Into the Baltic Sea.
It is possible, however, that Ger
many may avoid a naval battle until
she can catch England at a disadvan
tage. This may have been her purpose
In withdrawing her fleet through the
canal to Kiel. She Is evidently mak
ing the most of her opportunity to
dispose of the Russian Baltic fleet
first. Having taken refuge in the
Baltic, her fleet could be reached only
through the canal or the straits.
British attack through the canal
would be practically impossible, for
the Germans could dispose of ships as
they emerged, one by one. Were the
British fleet to go through the straits,
thev would have to pass through the
sound, only a few miles wide, which
divides Denmark from Sweden, and,
though they emerged in good position
for battle, would risk escape of the
Germans by the short cut through the
canal and a raid on the British coast
before they could return to its de
fense. The British would, by block
ading the North Sea coast and both
outlet from the Baltic, practically
annihilate German ocean commerce
and render the German navy useless
for the time being.
Germany might suffer this condi
tion to last for a short time, while she
destroyed the Russian fleet, ravaged
the Russian coast and perhaps raided
the Russian capital. She might hope
in the meanwhile to destroy some of
the British battleships by means of
mines or torpedoes on the North Sea
coast, and thus reduce the odds
against her. A call for help would
go from Russia to England and might
tempt the latter country to send one
part of its fleet through the straits
into the Baltic, while the other part
prevented escape through the canal.
The German fleet might venture a
dash from its lair when division of
the enemy's forces afforded an op
portunity to fight a nearly equal force.
A secondary field of action would
be the Mediterranean Sea. Practical
ly the whole French navy is concen
trated there and would need to com
pine with the British squadron in
those waters in order to fight the
combined Austrian and Italian fleets.
Victory for the British and French
would enable France to transfer
troops from North Africa to France
unhindered and to blockade Italian
and Austrian ports. Defeat for them
would ray open to attack the French
coast, all the French possessions in
North Africa and all the British out
posts in the Mediterranean. French
troops would be shut in North Africa,
and Italy and Austria would be free to
attack Egypt, seize the Suez canal and
block the gateway to India, China
and Japan.
England has an advantage in what
is practically a double line of naval
defense on her own coast. Were her
dreadnought squadron beaten in the
North Sea or Baltic, the German
dreadnoughts would probably be so
badly damaged that they would not
be much more than a match for an
equal number of old-style battleships,
of which England has forty to Ger
many's twenty. Before Germany
could really command the sea and
have England at her mercy, she
would have to win a second and per
haps a third naval battle, and after
that must run the gauntlet of the
British coast defenses.
FOUND WANTING.
Charles Baise, of Salem, seems to
have shown rather less common sense
in an emergency than would natural
ly be expected from a boy of 17 years.
He and one of his friends, young Van
Tassle, were bathing in the Willam
ette when the latter got out of his
depth and began to cry for help. In
stead of proceeding efficiently to res
cue him Charles started on his bicycle
to carry the news to Van Tassle's
family five miles away. Doubtless his
intentions were excellent, but his
course was unfortunate. More unfor
tunate still was the fact that neither
of the boys could swim. We infer
tnat to have been the case. It is in
credible that a boy who could swim
should have acted as young Baise did
in such a state of affairs.
No doubt hundreds of other youths
are In much the same situation as
these two chums were when they en
tered the Willamette River "to cool
off." The hot weather of this season
makes "cooling off" an indispensable
process for everybody. It is necessary
for health as well as comfort. Boys
and young men cannot be prevented
from going into the water in the rag
ing heat of July and August and it is
foolish to try to prevent them.
The sensible thing to do is to teach
them all to swim. This would of itself
greatly diminish the number of Sum
mer accidents. A youth who can
swim does not often lose his head and
begin to drown the instant his feet
cease to touch bottom. Even if he
can make only a few strokes that few
may bring him back to safety. But
there would still be accidents, though
not a great many, even if every youth
knew how to swim. Attacks of cramp
must still be reckoned with and now
and then some boy would fall into a
panic and lose his self-command. In
such cases he is sure to lose his life,
too, unless his comrades understand
how to help him.
This is an art which can be taught
and learned. How to be useful in
emergencies should be thoroughly
taught in every school. It is far more
important than the geography of
Polynesia. Very likely there was
some little expedient in plain sight by
which young Baise might have saved
his comrade's life. But he did not
know about it and the consequence is
the death of one boy and a saddened
iife for the other. The day is coming
whort wo hall trv tn make our schools
as useful as possible and think a great
deal less of making mem comurin tv
ancient tradition.
WHO ARE TO RULE?
The Oregon City Enterprise tells a
story of a recent meeting of Wash
ington County Pomona Grange, called
for the purpose of discussing meas
ures to come before the people next
November. The Grange has m ac
tive members and between ninety
and one hundred were present at the
sj-mposium. The consensus of opin
ion is reported to have been against:
The universal eight-hour law.
The $1500 tax exemption.
Against doing away with capital
punishment.
Against the tax for the unemployed.
It may be assumed that the Grange,
representing a large class of Oregon
farmers, is becoming weary -of the
chronic misuse of the referendum.
Here are four measures, two of
which bear heavily against the farm
er and another of which is of imme
diate concern to all taxpayers.
Moreover, no good excuse can be
offered for the presence on the ballot
of the capital punishment bill. It was
defeated in 1912 by a vote of 41.951
ayes and 64.57S noes. The issue was
fairly tried, clearly submitted and em
phatically det.eimined. Yet here the
same old straw is to be threshed over
again, because someone, or a group
of somebodies or nobodies, is not
satisfied.
Well, what if they are not? Are
the people to rule? Or only some of
he people?
THE COST.
The staggering cost of war in
money is indicated by the prepara
tion of Germany for the conflict. The
first budget presented by the Im
perial Chancellor to the Reichstag
calls for the immense sum of $1,250,
000,000. The English Parliament has
voted a war appropriation of $525,
000,000. Undoubtedly the French and
Austrian preparations are on a simi
lar scale.
But these sums do not represent
all the investment of the nations,
present and past, in the forthcoming
struggle. The German empire has
fr flftv vfra been building up a
great fighting organization, army and
navy. It has cost an lnconceivaDie
sum, all procured through taxation
from the toiling masses and pro
ducers. Your soldier ana your sauui
is. a drone in time of peace who must
be fed and clothed by the busy bees
of commerce and industry. But when
war comes, he must still be fed and
clothed, though the drone has become
a maddened hornet.
Few living men have seriously
thought such a war as now impends
to be possible. The only reason was
that it would be too horrible and that
tviorefnm It could not happen. But
evidently it Is to happen. It is the
struggle for which all the nations
have been preparing.
If a man lives always in the expec
tation that his neighbor, who was
once his enemy, may again become
his enemy, and carries a loaded gun
for possible use, it is certain that
nnr rT later the crisis will come.
So it is with nations. They have been
long preparing for war. Now there is
war All who have thought that the
way to guarantee peace was to pre
pare for war were utterly mistaKen.
WILSON'S NEXT TROUBLE.
President Wilson's next trouble
nftar PnnBTPM has diSDOsed of the
anti-trust bills will be concerned with
control of the next House. If he loses
ii nnwer to dictate legislation
will' cease next March and will be
greatly weakened at the short session
beginning in December. The prospect
of hi3 party's success is so extremely
doubtful that he has now begun mol
lifying those Democrats who are ag
grieved, and the promise is held out
that he will take the stump in Octo
ber in some of the doubtful states.
tTo nui9 tha nresent huee majority
of 145 to be reduced, and he contem
plates that probability calmly, tor
large majorities are unruly and not
readily amenable to control, but he
has good cause to fear that the scale
will be turned against him.
Unfavorable business conditions are
ascribed to Democratic legislation,
and continued high prices cause the
dominant party to be blamed for dis
appointed hopes. This general senti
ment has done much to heal divisions
among those who oppose Democracy
and to unite them against it. About
fifty Democratic Representatives owe
their seats to divisions among oppo
nents and expect to be retired at the
Fall election. The President's course
has produced division in his own par
ty and prepared the way for its de
feat in other districts.
T n X AW "Vnrk he has avoided Fed
eral appointments which might
strengthen Tammany, out. nas iioi
rrm out stronelv asalnst that or
ganization. He retains in office 82
Republican postmasters whose terms
,ntra amiraH mnr than sixtv of them
uav . i -
to punish Senator O'Gorman for oppos
ing him on canal tons, ana tne nungry
nonwrata are anerrv. He permits
Federal officials in New Tork to fight
Tammany openly, and so hot is the
indignation that a delegation of thlr
tnen Vow York ReDresentatives called
on him to complain that Federal of
ficials were obstructing tneir renomi
hut he save them no verv defi
nite promise. The state organization
is shot to pieces and the New Tork
Sun forecasts that, in consequence of
the anti-Democratic reaction and the
factional quarrels, the Republicans
n-tii vain at least ten seats in the
House and that twelve will be doubt
ful, leaving only ten surely Demo
cratic Republicans expect to gain
fifteen seats in that state alone.
Party discord is rife in other states.
cA.atni- TTiTr-henclr. who led the fitrht
for amendment at tk currency bill
and who forced the withdrawal of
Thomas D. Jones' nomination for mem
bership on the Federal Reserve Board,
has won a victory in the Nebraska
primaries over Secretary Bryan, a
majority of the delegates to the state
convention being instructed to give
him a vote of confidence. There is a
revolt against Mr. Bryan's intoler
ance of dissent within his party,
simultaneously with a reunion of Re
publicans and a revival of Republican
sentiment.
In Texas, Thomas H. Hall, the Ad
ministration candidate for Governor,
who was indorsed by strong letters
from the President, Mr. Bryan and
Postmaster-General Burleson, has
been defeated at the primaries by Mr.
Ferguson, who boasts of being a
'chamn Clark Democrat and con
demns Mr. Wilson's Mexican policy.
These are only a few specimen
states where discord reigns among
the Democracy. In view of the show
ing made, the Republican expectation
of a minimum gain of sixty-five seats
in the next House seems moderate.
With the tide of public opinion run
ning so strongly against the Adminis
tration it would not be surprising if
enough additional seats were won to
insure Republican control.
LOST OPPORTUNITIES.
Only about 27 per cent of the til
lable land in the United States Is
under cultivation, and that -which is
cultivated produces no more than a
fraction of what it might, our metn
ods of growing crops are primitive in
the extreme. They waste work and
exhaust the soil. When a man raises
from ten acres no more than five
would grow under proper tillage he
throws away more than half his
time, labor and invested capital. If
half the hills in a cornfield are vacant
something is wrong with the man who
owns it. He has not learned the ele
ments of good management.
There is vacant land enough inside
the limits of Portland to feed the city
if it were tilled scientifically. The
ordinary back yard will grow food for
a family with some to sell under skill
ful hands. The sewage of Portland
would double the crops of the vicinity
if it were saved and utilized. We have
hardly begun as yet to tap the re
sources of the earth.
REAPING THE WAR HARVEST.
Feverish activity in equipping
emergency reserve hospitals through
out Europe brings attention to the
grim reality of warfare. Nothing is
quite so certain as that there will be
an immense harvest of wounded men
to occupy these hospitals. So far as
reported the toll has not been heavy.
But the war is still in its sparring
stages. Covering detachments and
patrols have clashed for the most part
with trifling losses of a few hundred.
And what is a few hundred lives in
such a war!
But once the thing has grown into
the cauldron of fury that seems in
evitable, the wounded will multiply
by the thousands. Vigorous young
men who are now marching forward
in the heyday of life and health will
be stricken down by the missiles of
men they have never seen, but whom,
in the insanity of battle, they seek to
destroy. Since the vital organs offer
a smaller target space than the re
mainder of the body, it follows that
the number of wounded will exceed
the number of killed. The small-caliber
steel-jacketed projectile used by
all participants is seldom fatal unless
a bone or vital spot is hit. Occasion
ally men hit in the head or shot
through the lungs survive.
If the clash continues for a number
of months the harvest of wounded
will mount to a frightful total. That
portion of Europe not monopolized by
the firing lines will be rendered into
veritable hospitals. The slightly
wounded, of course, will be able to
return to duty after a few days or
weeks at the rear. So long as there
is enough of a soldier left hanging
together use is made of him. He is
permitted to remain out of action only
long enough that the wounds may
heal. Then he returns to the savage
work of helping run up the casualty
lists on the opposing side.
RUSHING FRANCE.
Germany has set out to crush
France at the very outset of the great,
many-sided struggle that is now on
with constantly-increasing fury. De
velopments of the few hours since the
French attitude became positive make
it quite plain that Germany plans to
rain a succession of staggering blows
upon the French military resistance.
It is quite possible that the German
strategists have fixed Paris as their
main objective.
Instead of a frontal attack in force
on the French-German frontier, the
Germans are massing to the north
with the evident intention of avoiding
the heavily-fortified French frontier
positions and also the concentrated
French armies. This explains the vio
lation of Belgium's neutrality and the
invasion of Holland which invited
British preparation in the war. The
German strategists argued that the
advantage to them of utilizing Bel
gium for an advance on France would
more than offset British military co
operation with the French. The Ger
man strategists make no secret of
the fact that they rate the English
military establishment lightly, the
maximum force which England could
send abroad at this time not exceed
ing 150,000 men and these comparing
most unfavorably in point of military
efflciency with German or French
troops.
The assault at Liege and the ad
vance through Belgium along the rail
Paris was made in force
and naturally the French will have to
send an immense iorce to ueuLiniue
this attack, at the same time leaving
heavy forces against frontal and
flanking attacks farther south. By
this strategy Germany has made the
fullest use of her superior mobility
and larger regular establishment. By
superiority of numbers, superiority of
organization and superiority of mob
ilization the Germans hope to prove
their superiority in the tinai anaisis
of war and brintr France to her knees,
stripped of the powers of further se
rious resistance.
In the meantime Austria must take
ooro nf Russia: at least of such Rus
sian forces as can be mobilized im
mediately for aggressive action. ine
n..caian m nhllization is notoriously
slow and it will be several weeks be-
fn the Russians will become a ver
dangerous problem on the German
frontier. The present Russian distri
butions constitute little more than
covering troops along the frontier and
v,o invasions have no consequence.
Germany, of course, has not left her
frontier wholly to me ausu miio, man-
i much of a show of force
against Poland as the demands of the
French campaign win ao.mii.
The withdrawal oi Austrian lurtcs
to the north doubtless counts in a
large measure for reported Servian
successes about Belgrade. But then
Servia cannot become a menace to
Austria and the triple alliance may
safely leave Servia for later disposal.
Servia is but a minor pawn in the
great European war game. Her fate
depends entirety upon the struggle
between her foes and her allies.
War of a most acrid bitterness may
be looked for in the immediate future
between Germany and France. Ger
many must dispose of France prompt
ly, before the Bear seizes upon her
own flank. Perhaps the greatest bat
tle in history is now close at hand.
Upon the events of the next few days
the fate of France may rest.
The Oregon Summer is spoiled by
the dust and smoke in the air. They
blot out the beautiful scenery, make
everybody uncomfortable and cause
disease. The dust will grow less as
the roads are oiled and the fields pro
tected by irrigation and clover. The
smoke is a nuisance that ought not to
exist. Most of it comes from fires
started with criminal carelessness.
Of course slashings must be burned,
but the July and August smoke is
mostly- caused by fires in standing
timber.
If you had all the money you want
ed to spend and had made up your
mind to build a vacation retreat for
yourself what plan would you follow?
Would you build a palace and sur
round it with gardens, lawns and
fountains? Or would you cut away a
little space in the dense woods near a
enM hrnnlf and hllild A Iosr hOUSe.
leaving all the surroundings wild f
What is a vacation home without
babbling stream?
One of the most actively destruc
tlvs ae-nnts at work on dirt roan
the wind. Tt is astonishing to see ho
much material a stiff breeze will re
move from a traveled highway
twenty-four hours. Perhaps the roa
surface suffers upon the whole
much from wind in Summer as fro
inin in Winter This is one reaso
but not the only one, why sheltering
trees are so desirable along countrj
roads.
Which is the more pleasure, to
travel to lovely spots or sit in the
shade and' look at pictures of them?
One of the August magazines prints
half a dozen photographs of the mid
night sun seen from Northern Sweden.
We dare say they show a good many
of the interesting points of that phe
nomenon as well as the ordinary eye
could pick them oui. At any rate they
are very beautiful.
Should a coffee-house actually be
opened at the old and unrev-erend
Bottle House on Burnside street, the
cause of virtue will have gained some
thing worth having. The bubbling
fountains on the corners did more for
temperance than a dozen laws could
When we have found the right road
to a desirable goal why not travel it?
1- , ... ; . . TT-hrt ara Borvltlff for mis
demeanors in the Los Angeles jails
...in v. nivon tVioir fraprlnm nrovided
they want to go to war. The wiser
ones will remain in tne i.os Angeiea
Jails.
The Administration rushes fever
ishly to the aid of a few Americans
who are temporarily short of funds to
buy terrapin in Paris. But Americans
threatened with death and ruin in
Mexico were able tp get no response.
A local Serb craves to shoot his own
brother in the Austrian army. The
war lust Is thicker than blood with
some of those south Europeans.
As soon as Villa has taken a few
lessons in geography he may be ex
pected to join in the Continental war
His talent is wasted in Mexico.
Prince Bonaparte is anxious to en
list in the French army. Where have
we heard that name before in connec
tion with the French army?
The Frenchman certainly appre
ciates a joke. The 100,000 Germans
in France are to be herded across the
Spanish border.
Shortage of fuel may throw Paris
into darkness. With American tour
ists leaving they w-ill not need the
lights, anyway.
It really is too bad those gadding
Americans are shut off from scatter
ing American dollars throughout
Europe.
The Czar forbids Russian sailors
from drinking. What will he blame
it onto with Vodka done away with?
If the Kaiser should win there
wouldn't be room in the same world
with him and the Monroe Doctrine.
About time for the Czar to receive
some of those "I regret to reportsky"
messages from his field marshals.
If It be true that the world loves a
good fighter, the world's affections
are to be hopelessly divided.
With the oil output curtailed old
John D. must again be conjuring up
visions of the poorhouse.
The trail of the victorious armies
will be marked by the empty meat
cans from America.
But where are the female regiments
to uphold the equality of the sex in
that European war?
Portlanders in Europe will have
stories to tell when they get home.
Moratoriums are needed, but the
great necessity will be crematoriums.
Belgian forces may enter the con
flict. A mere drop in the bucket.
Casualty lists from the deer-hunting
zones should be along soon.
Shade of Napoleon to Shade of Al
exander: "Pretty warm, Alex."
Let everyone take up that "Swat
the forest fires" slogan.
The American eagle has the dove of
peace under his wing.
"Happy" Hogan's ultimatum to
McCredie is on ice.
Hostilities at East First and Hal
sey are slackening.
Great thing to be an American just
now.
Hear the British Lion roar!
FOR BOOTH OR CHAMBERLAIN f
Basis on Which the Senatorial Inane la
to Be Decided.
Eugene Register.
A number of Democratic newspapers
and politicians are attempting to make
political capital out of the fact that
Mr. Booth is a successful business man.
They dare not attack his character or
his personal life, because they know
that both are above reproach. There
fore, they adopt the only alternative
that is left them and attack him be
cause he has made a success of his
business. It is a contemptible plan,
and savors of the methods of the I.
W. W.
The issues in the Senatorial cam
paign in Oregon this Fall are in no
sense personal ones. R. A. Booth, the
candidate of the Republican party, is a
clean, upright and highly capable man
who, if he is elected, will serve his
state with great honor and credit. He
has the qualities that will enable him
to become a power in the United States
Senate and to make the influence of
Oregon felt at the National capital.
George E. Chamberlain, at present the
senior Senator from Oregon and the
nominee of the Democratic party for
re-election, Is a pleasant gentleman
whose ability is above the average
The issues in this campaign are those
of principles not of men. Mr. Booth
stands for the rights ft the Oregon
producer, as against the foreigner who
would invade his markets and under
sell him In his own territory. He
stands for the Oregon laborer and
against competition with the products
of cheap foreign labor that, If permit
ted to continue, must inevitably result
in lowering the American wage scale.
He stands for the protection of tho
Oregon dairyman from the cheap but
ter of New Zealand and the Oregon
poultryman from cheap and inferior
eggs from China He stands for the
protection of the Oregon lumberman
from competition with the cheaper
product of Canada.
In a word. Mr. Booth, as the candi
date of the Republican party for United
States Senator, puts the welfare of the
American producers and American
laboring men above the welfare of the
producers and the laborers of foreign
countries. He believes that our prob
lem is to look after ourselves, letting
torelgners look after their own inter
ests. He does not believe in reducing
the profits of Oregon farmers and the
wages of Oregon laboring men in or
der to open up new markets and make
better times for New Zealand and
China and Argentina and Canada.
Mr. Chamberlain stands for free
trade with the world. As the candi
date of the Democratic party, he be
lieves in unrestricted competition with
every nation. He believos that Chinese
eggs should be permitted to enter this
country free, flooding the Oregon mar
kets and reducing the profits of the
Oregon poultryman He believes that
New Zealand butter should be admitted
to the United States free of duty to de
moralize the Oregon butter market and
cut down the prices received by the
Oregon dairyman. He belleveR in ad
mitting Canadian lumber free to the
detriment of the Oregon lumberman.
As Democratic Senator from Oregon, he
voted for the Underwood tariff law that
has brought all these things about.
As a Democrat, Mr. Chamberlain has a
tender solicitude for the foreigner that
outweighs consideration for the home
producer.
These are the issues in the Senatorial
campaign this Fall, and It Is to avoid
them that Democratic newspapers and
politicians are turning to abuse of Mr.
Booth.
WK WILL GET MUCH NEW TRADE
European War Will Not Be Without
Benefit to United Statea.
PORTLAND. Aug. 4. (To the Editor.)
The pessimists pretend to see future
distress for the United States. Undoubt
edly we shall have some difficulty in
selling to European countries engaged
In the war and our markets there will
be restricted greatly after the war. It
is time to cheer up some as we will not
go out of business. The pessimists for
get that England. France and Oermany
are the great manufacturing nations
of Europe. Their shops and stores will
bo closed and great disorganization
prevail for a long time. With our com
petitors doing no business we will
have South America, China, Spain.
Sweden. Norway and other noncombat-
ant countries to supply.
These people will not be broke and
we shall sell to them because the others
cannot. In other words this Is where
this country and Japan will reap bene
fits. We shall have profound sympathy
for the millions of sufferers dragged
Into a useless war. but we should not
be too pessimistic. Tho other markets
must buy somewhere and will buy of
us. ROBERT C. WRIGHT.
On the Proposed A. M. E. Church.
NEWBERG, Or., Aug. 3. (To the
Editor.) I have read the account of
the controversy between the residents
of Halsey street and the congregation
of the A. M. E. Church with much inter
est and have been expecting to see
something from the clergymen of your
city in defense of these people and their
rights. So far I have seen nothing ot
the sort and in view of tho fact that all
Christian churches are regularly taxed
for the support of negro missions, there
seems a consiaeratiie aniereiico uc
tween theory and practice. It Is to be
hoped there will be no further call ror
funds for these missions as, if the negro
Is unfit to occupy a house of worship
In the neighborhood of whites, it is also
unfitting for the whites to go amons
them proclaiming a religion that, in
this case, is so completely iorgoiien.
The race question is of no personal in
terest to me as I am a oerman-Amer-
ican. I believe in commun juam-e uuu
I doubt if heaven will be satisfactorily
arranged tor tnese uuiniy iicupio r""
are providing amusement ior tne un
believer by their present performance.
A. jvx. r .
You anil George Washington.
Bernard L. Bell in the Atlantic.
You and your great-great-grand
father are not very different the one
from the other, save in accidents. You
may not eat with your knife as George
Washington did; you wear neither knee
breeches nor a powdered wig; when you
get a fever you are not bleu: you write
your s apove tne line, tuu um ov
that they look llKe aeiormea lb . yuu
think- and talk in the patois of the
highly organized society of the 12th
century, not in the vernacular of rural
Virginia in the 18th century.
But. after all you and uolonei wasn-
ine-ton are about the same in all points
essential to humanity. The same pas-
ions rule you; the same neexis impel
you; the same sort of mental and pnys
ical equipment reacted In him upon his
environment and reacts in you upon
your environment. The only difference
between this age ana any ubh uisi im
gone before is a difference In acci
dents, a difference in environments. The
great, essential things of life are the
same in ail generations.
Ten Million Bees Invade London.
London Cable to Chicago Inter-Ocean.
Bees were much in evidence near
London bridge recently. There were
in nno.OOO of them bound for a beo farm
at Buret, Suffolk, to begin with; thoro
were also some others, heaithy LnffHeh
specimens, close by, a couple of dogen
f which for a rew giorioun minutos
may be said to havo "made thing
hum."
On the bumpy Journey tteroag jjonaen
bridge to the train for Holmweod tho
box containing a hivo broke and sud
denly every one won In a hurry,
Eventually the carman unci h, pareals
clerk tackled tli remaining bees and
put them In a boj, bul the few thai
escaped did wondera, and perspiring
traveler! fled an from an unsaan ter for.
Then and Now
The Revenue Cutler Service.
THEN". NOW.
One hundred a n d Today 42 armed
twenty-four y e a r s, cutters, tugs and
ago today George, launches, manned by
Washington signed; mi officers and en
the Congressional act, listed men, are scour
which established themg the seas as Uncle
United States Rev-, Sam's -watchdogs of
enu Cutter Service. Ill the sea." The ina
thus became the firstjority are stationed
maritime force o the(along the coast of the
American Republic, United Statea ready
Fifteen montha later) to steam where duty
there were ten rev-, calls. One may .e
enue cutters afloat., going to sea to blow
officered by veterans! up a derelict that lias
of the old Contl-I became dangerous to
nental Navy. These navigation . another
vessels co n stltutedjsearching a ship for
the only armed furcesmuggled goods or ex
afloat belonging to amlntng her sailing
the United States forlpapers; while a third
the folio wing aixljnay be on the way to
years. Their duties, suppress mutiny or
were to patrol thejpli-acy or to enforce
coast, extending in, neutrality laws of
those daya f r o m, American ports. The
Maine to Georgia, to, revenue cutter of
prcvent sumggllng,! fleer la empowered to
and to enforce the, enforce nearly every
few maritime lawsllaw bearing upon the
existing In the Unltcdmarkime interests
States. Organised un-jThey protect the seal
der the Treasury De-. fisheries of Alaska,
partment. It re-land patrol the coast
mained In the dlscre-!in search of vessels in
tion of the Presldent distress during the
... anH , 1. tn u a r 1 Wl n f - mnnlhl
i ii
I under the Navy, der a recent regula
Fighting French prl-ltion they patrol tne
vateers In 1798. thejtransatlantic lane of
revenue cutters cap- travel to warn all
tured 18 of the 22!essels of any nation
prizes taken by thejof the danger of float -United
Status. In the ing Iceberg, such as
War of ISIS they the one that sank the
captured the first Titanic. They enforce
prire ship and fought. quarantine regula
gallantly throughouttlons; they patrnird
the war. They fought; the cossta of four
In the Mexican War ;Southcrn statea which
one of the cutters ac-jwere suffering under
'companled the naval an epidemic of yellow
expedition ag alnst'tever in inej
Paraguiiy In 1S58. penetrate to the Arctic
During the Civil War regions lo bring suc
they fought with thelcor to stranded whal
Navy and helped to! Ing ships. It was In
maintain the block-! lS7- that a cutter
ade of Southern ports.iraced through U'OO
In the spanlsh-Amer-imiles of Ice packs to
lean War revenue rescue whalers frozen
cutter accompanledlin at Point Barrow
Dewey Into Manllaibefora thay starved to
Bay. while the crew death. For this ex
of another won Con-plolt Congresa passed
gressioual medals for a resolution of thsnks.
its spectacular rescue!
of Ensign Bagley'sf
helpless torpedoboatl
at Cardenas. Cuba.
PHILANTHROPY OK GUUDAT NATH'V.
Wealth of Which We Are nlvratlnu
Oumelvea Could He Uard at Home.
ASHLAND, Or., Aug. 3 (To the
Editor.) What is the sense of giving
up the Philippines? Or what rational
argument is advanced by the purists
for such a move? From Australia to
KamscRatka there Is a string of islands
fencing in the whole Asiatic con
tinent, and all belonging to our rivals
except the Philippines, which are our
only gateway to the mainland. If we
abandon these they would be divided
between England, Germany and Japan
before the sun went down. Thin what
would become of our Asiatic trade?
We would have to do business with
the continent by "sufferance" which
would be rather galling to our pride,
and the twenty millions our Govern
ment paid for them would be tossed
overboard.
Can you explain so we can under
stand It, how psychology so Influences
commerce us to make business good
when facts prove differently? If busi
ness is good now, then with the great
crops assured, it should be twice as
good. Booms always come In July or
August, if at all. and when the crops
are shown to be big.
Twenty per cent more business fail
ures, $88,000,000 gold gone to Europe
thus far this year; prospects of $2".
000,000 more to be sent to Colombia;
JjOO.000.000 already driven into Can
ada and elsewhere In the past two or
three years, the promise of the Admin
istration that the United States will
not make any claims on Mexico cer
tainly this money could have helped
towards prosperity. It could build a
sea wall on each side of the Missis
sippi River from St. Louis to the gulf,
dredge a channel 30 feet deep and til.
In enough backing to provide farms
for thousands of poor families, and
then have enough left to do the same
with the Ohio River.
Capital has not shown its teeth yet.
If it does there may be a different
story. It's only extreme loyalty to the
country that has held capitalists In
leash, but we must not forget that the
National Government can go only Just
so far. For instance, mere are nmu
to be three billions of English money
invested In this country. Germany and
France have as much more. Do you
suppose they would consent to sit su
pinely down and swallow everything
when thero are so many other chances
for investment in the world? What
would happen if they decided to with
draw and sell all their securities for
what they could get?
The world has grown so small In re
cent years that when one nation suf
fers others do.
I don't know much about psychology
unless it is spelled shy-collegey.
R D. RILEY.
AS WE AMERICANS ABE SF.E
London Spectator CHra InillfTerrnrp to
Clothes Inariaata Trail.
London Cor. New York Times.
Under the title "American Men and
American Women," the Spectator takes
up the cudgels in defense of the former
against the frequent remark, recently
revived by a French woman visitor to
the United States, that Uncle Sam's
sons compare unfavorably In looks and
general appearance with Columbia's
daughters. The Spectator saya:
"If a Frenchwoman thinks that tho
visible dispiirity between the clothes of
American women and those of Ameri
can men betokens some moral or social
inferiority In the men resentment be
comes almost an obligation on English
men, who know her misapprehension.
"The American man does not care
about his clothes, not being a mere
malo bird which requires the better
plumage. He Is not a 'dude' and so
buys a suit for J1S or $20 a suit that
Is turned out from standardized pat
terns more quickly even than a cheap
motorcar and with a seam let out
here and a hitch taken in there It
does verv well.
"It is this sort of economy which
enables him to pay $150 or $200 for
the new gowns for his wife or daughter
without turning a hair.
"The American woman, after a tre
mendous burst of culture or amuse
ment, frequently collapses Into a state
of stagnation at an ago when she would
not vet be reckoned old Dy tngnsn
standards. The American man, on his
side, having made up his mind to dls
nenHB with intellectual and sartorial
honors, is remarkable, first, for his
optimism? and secondly, for his busi
ness versatility. His optimism and
versatllltv are the only particular ex-
nresslons of his courage. He is never
down-hearted if his business has gone
to pot for the time being, he tells
himself that his wife will be wear
ing the bost gowns In the city In a
year's time, and, If he fails utterly
and Is sold up, he turns to another
business with the energy of a boy and,
perhaps, makes a second fortune
quicker than he lost the first.
"He rides, hunts nnd plays games,
when he can find tho time, with tho
same lest and pluok. He need not
bother about his clothos."
If e Csa't Har "la
Currant Opinion,
If a HoHentet Isufht a Hpusntst ti
TO tnlh et ta tnt oeuld tetter,
Ought the Bsltestal 1st
To be isuahl t say "Ruht"
Or "aauiihl," of what aught t be taught
lief?
H (a heat and t-at H gotUslst (at
B taiight b a JiiiHanlol aatt.
should the testes li bet if the Uatteatsl
M
gas and teat at tbe Hetteatat teetesf
Little Editorials
on Business
Three Functions of an Ad.
1 An Eastern manufMtuiwT who
had never ailvcrtisetl lii product
10 tlio onsumer hits earned and
paid his ttockholden 10 to 13 per
cent every year.
The busiiK'ss liiis grown steadily
and now has reached the point
where larger concerns are feeling
1 1 competition.
"Up to this point we have been
advertised by our friends." aid the
muiiut'actiirer, "but now onr ene
mies are advertising us to our deal
ers by pointing out the fact that
we are not advertising onr goods
to the consumer.
"All 1 know about advertising
is what I have read about it. Some
of our eompetilors have grown
faster than we have; therefore, ad-.
ertisini: must be a good thing.
"I am stronuly of the opinion
that we ought to tell more people
about the merits of our (OOW, hut
I want to know where it is going
to land M before 1 make the
start."
Ho had read of the miracles
wrought by advertising eertain po
tential specialties when they were
sprung on tfie publin the first time,
lie wanted to duplicate these suc
cesses with something startling,
clever or sensational and opined
that two or three ails would turn
the triek.
The first advertisement of vacu
um cleaners, automobile atarters,
and other new labor-saving devices
brought a large volume of business
simply because they gave the news
about an article designed to meet
a want hitherto unsupplied.
Hut this prospective advertiser
manufactures an article used daily
by every member of the family. It
is a trade-marked line and there
are probably .in other concerns en
gaged in making similar lines, of
varying degrees of excellence.
The advertising of a commodity
must be continuous to be effective.
The campaign should cover an en
tire season, a full year or longer.
Such advertising is cumulative. It
gathers strength as it progresses.
An advertisement can do only
three things:
First Attract attention.
Second Create desire.
Third Force action.
These three things must be dona
over and over again before tho ad
vertiser can hope to divert the at
tention of the consumer from nther
lines on which the demand and
reputation ha-s been established by
good advertising.
The advertising that continuoui
lv performs all three of these func
tions serves its purpose in helping
the advertiser sell his goods at a
profit.
Twenty-Five Year Ago
From The Ori gonian of August f. l$s.
Spokane Falls. W. T. Aug. 4. All
of the business and part of the resi
dence portion of Spokane burned to
night In two hours. Not a grocery, dry
goods or provision store Is left. All
the banks were burned. The Northern
Pacific depot nnd freight-houses were
swept away and everything north to
the river and from Lincoln to Wash
ington streets was destroyed. The Ite
vlew was saved.
A meeting of the Multtioman urivina
Association will be held at the White
House at 8 o'clock this evening for th
purpose of considering the advisability
of giving another race within a few
weeks.
Country roads are In a terrible con
dition, in many places the dust being
four to eight Inches In depth.
Mrs. D. W. Williams, one of the old
est residents of the city, died on Satur
day at the age of 95 years. Sh. was
for many years a member of the Bap
tist Church.
Captain M. Sebree. inspector of the
Thirteenth Lighthouse District, has
been relieved and ordered to Wash
ington. Colonel Marshall McDonald, of the
United States Fish Commission, ar
rived here Saturday on a tour of In
spection, accompanied by George H.
11. Moore.
Mrs. Edward Holinan will leave for
Oysterville tomorrow morning to visit
nor two sons.
JAIL lilAltn IS A llt;s sll.I.I.H
Jollrt Attendant Says He Wret the
.Novel. "Ilnee In WJ Man."
Jollet (lit.) Dispatch to Chicago Trlbunr.
Max Erxleberi, a guard In the Illi
nois State Penitentiary here, making
$70 a month as an overseer on tho
"nan farm, asserted today that he l
"Larry Evans." the mysterious author
of "Once to F.very Man." a beat seller,
and scores of short stories which have
been published In almost every big
magazine In the country. Krxleben
said he Is making more than $ I a
year by his writing. He is uneducated.
He was an attendant at the Kankakee
State Hospital for the Insane. He said
he worked there and In the Jollet
prison merely for Information to em
body In his writings.
Sale of Honors V r.
Letter to the London Spectator.
It may Interest many readers at the
moment to be assured that the attain
ment of honors by corrupt means Is
no modern Invention, witness the fol
lowing cogent postcript from a letter
of the celebrated "Steenle" (Duke of
Buckingham', to his majesty King
James I. printed In Oalrymple's Me
morials: "Here Is a gentleman called
Sir Francis Leake, who hath likewise
a Philosopher's stone; 'tis worth but
Eight Thousand; he will give it me If
you will make him a baron; I will. If
you command not the contrary, hava
his patent ready to sign when I com
down. He Is of good religion, well
born and hath a good estate. I pray
you burn this letter."
A Husband's Diplomacy.
Boston Transcript.
Mrs. Eve Can't afford to let me (o
to the seashore? Why not: My board
thero wouldn't cost much more than
It does here.
Eve I admit that, my love, but think
of all the money I d have to spend en
tertaining myself In your absence.
Three Fish In One Trip,
tllrmlngham (Ala.) Ace-Herald.
"How many fish, havo you caught
uncle" oskxii the passer-by. "Waal,"
resiled, tha ffd darky, thoughtfully.
"o( Ah eotelt ill hvah one Ah'm afteh.
an ma', AU'U hab three.'
4