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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 1, 1914)
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, AUGUST 1, 1914. ! rOBTLAND. OBEGOX. Entr4 at Portland. Ortaoo. Poatoffic Mcona-ciaaa matter. Subscription Kiim invariable 1b Advance (By Mall) DU. Sunday Included, one year..... Kally. Eanday Included. ix month. Daily. Sunday Included, three montna Jjally. Sunday Included, one montH.. Daily, without Sunday, one year .f.00 . 4. M . 2.25 . . . tl.00 . a.23 Zaily. without tjuoday. lx month Daily, without Sunday, three moniu... Dally, without Sunday, one month -JV Weekly, en year - 1' Daily, without Sunday, three 1.7 Sunday, one year. ... 2 BO Sunday and Weekly, one year. a.ov Bally, Sunday Included, on year 3.00 n.iiv cwim ln.liiH.il nnm month.. ... " ' Uh K.n.ijnH Pnatoffice money or der, expreu order or pereonal check on your 1A..I h..b et.mna .Mti nr currency are at ender rlak. Ulve poatoiflce addre In lull, Including county and state. x u . i .n m ...... i cent; 18 to St ptiet, s cents; 34 to 48 page. 3 cent 60 t u psies. 4 cent; 1 to 19 pal. centa; 7S to ! pate. cent. Forelm do" . double rate. . EliUfa Rn.ln Of riraa VOITeO & COnK lln. New York. Brunswick: buildln Saa anrice Office R. J. Bldwell Co. tin Market street. i rORTXAJTO, 8ATXRDAY, AUGUST 1, Ml STRATEGY OF THE THREATENED WAR. Speedy shifting; of the Bcenea of conflict may be looked for when the i ormea legions oi ituasut nun unu""'j ' are thrown into the breach between i Austria-Hungary and Servia, as they will bo unless there Is an eleventh i hour modification of the Austrian at- titude. The strategy of a general Euro t pean conflict presents a complicated f aspect, and while the tide of events ; and the outcome of -early campaigns i will modify and change the general ; situation, the stage is fixed for the J first titanic clashes between the great- i eet fighting machines that have ever ! been assembled in tne msiory ui me human family. ' Once Russia and Germany move Servia will be lost sight of for the time being, inasmuch as the Russian strategists are certain to enter Aus trian territory. By destroying the bridge on the Warsaw-Vienna route Russia has indicated that she will .play a defensive . game along the northern stretches of her boundary line and initiate offensive measures to the south. Austria-Hungary nat- urallv has foreseen this in her distri button of troops and Is in position to ..move the major portion of her superb fighting force against the Russian in vaders. Servia, once the Austrian Hungarian military attention is In vited to her own borders, can be de pended upon to look after such Aus trian forces as may menace Nisch and other Servian strategic . points, The early stages of the fighting reveal that the seasoned Servians are able to stand up successfully in the face of heavy odds. The German military problem will be a serious and complicated one With the greatest fighting force in the j7 "world, next to the Russian army, the , , Germans aouotiess wouia sees to um j I ize superior mobility and organization i to strike a succession of decisive blows I : against Russia, possibly taking the of ' ' fensive on the route toward Warsaw, j ; Poland being anti-Russian in sympa 5 ' thie8. At the same time Germany j ! would be compelled to throw heavy ; ', forces along her western border to j . offset possible aggressive movements ; from France, which may seek the re J ; covery of Alsace-Lorraine. It is un i likely that the Germans would at t tempt extensive offensive movements ; against France at the outset, as, the French have a strong defensive post ' tion and likewise a capacity for quick f mobilization and concentration that is ; held by some military experts to be I even superior to the German mobility. ; England, as the ally of France and i Russia, would be mainly interested in i keeping the German fleet bottled up ; In the Baltic. If the course of con- : flict necessitated, England could dis- - patch a number of field armies to the French support, landing them directly - on French soil, the northern coast of Germany having ample powers of re ! sistance against invasion by a chain ; of coast fortifications and mined har- ; bors. ; The bitterest fighting, of course, ' mould center about the Russian-Ger- man boundary and In Austrian-Hun , gary, which has been the scene of warfare since man went to battle with clubs. Here would rage the struggle for survival between Teuton and Slav. Similar intensity might develop oh the French-German frontier, but that f would likely be a later development, as France has shown no keen anlmos v ity in the squabble so far and might be content throughout the melee to protect her present boundaries. Japan, as an ally of England, would : enter into the fracas only in the event .-' tire British Oriental Interests should ' be threatened. The spectacle of Japan V pulling at the martial tug-of-wax on a the same side with Russia would be in odd one in the light of recent his tory. Doubtless it would not be a long- drawn-out affair. The human power of destructiveness has been advanced . with the advent of modern weapons - of war and the countries involved are. as a rule, unable to withstand for a protracted period the ruinous cost of such a monstrous conflict. The strate - gists undoubtedly have determined on .7 a quick aggressive series of move ments, utilizing their nicely equipped and organized fighting machines at the maximum speed and ferocity. Should the whole affair develop into a general struggle it would make the .T affairs of Alexander and Caesar and -" Napoleon appear as outpost engage .'J ments by contrast. - With approxl mately 14,000,000 men engaged, the ' reddest pages of history would be out- tinted by the deep crimson of the modern war lusj - When the smoke of conflict had z blown over and the hundreds of thou sands of dead and wounded disposed of the result might be nothing more !: than a cleared , atmosphere. Or the Ci map of Europe might be changed. Germany might have taken a slice of j Poland and Austria might boast a lordship over everything down to the Adriatic. Or, more likely, Austria Hungary might have been stripped of the multitude of little provinces ; whose autonomy, she has absorbed 1 and the German influence, of which j all Europe now feels the sting of Jeal ! ousy, might be curbed and humbled ; 'throughout the world. Russia, for her part, might be well on the high road i toward her ambition, to absorb the whole southeast of. Europe from the Black Sea to the Aegean, and this might set up a new bone of contention In Europe and alienate British sup ', port of the Bear. , Upon the developments of the next & few days hinge momentous events 5 possibly the most eventful in history. '. A hopeful sign is the apparent un willingness of the great powers to pre cipitate the affair. Italy, plainly ' enough, will go to any extreme to keep out. Germany must see that she faces a desperate situation. But Russia can be restrained from setting off the European powder keg only by the backing down of Austria-Hungary, which is now chastising the little Slav brother. It may be that German in fluence will seek to have head-strong Austria-Hungary change her bellicose movements and put out the smoulder ing conflagration at its incipient stage. MORE PSYCHOLOGY. The prospect of a great foreign war has served to divert the mind of the average American " citizen from a gloomy survey of domestic commercial depression. There Is a certain satis faction in contemplating the troubles of others, but after all it is only psychological. Tet, since psychology Is a popular study or complaint Just now it may be well to call atten tion to the non-psychological nature of the statistics, just published, for the first nine months of the Wilson Underwood tariff. The Oregonlan has already discussed the returns for the earlier months. For the three months ended June 30. 1914. the fig ures are: Import Increases. Export decreases. $:7.444.5 3S.."i7.21 ti.Ub5.4iio April May JJ6.44(l.i63 Wl.li'S i.5'-7,'!' Juna Totals Si,S.7.:i2 J76.C87.i:70 We shall leave our Democratic friends to make what explanation they can. It is too wearisome, in these troublesome times, to endeavor to find a hopeful aspect in the monotonous story, since the halcyon Wilson days began, of lost foreign trade, larger do mestic imports, declining business and slipping prosperity. , Tet some one has said that times are good everywhere except in Wall street. Tour humorist la a sad dog. DEST1VY. Forty-three years ago klarch 1, 1871 a German army after five months' siege, marched down the Champs Elysees and occupied Paris. The French empire had fallen. The third Napoleon was a prisoner Jn Ger. many. Empress Eugenie had fled The. National Assembly had aban doned the city and resumed its sittings at Versailles. The terms of peace im posed bv the victorious and. indomita ble Germans were there arranged, ny which an Indemnity of 1,000,000,000 was paid by France and Alsace and Lorraine were transferred to German sovereignty. The disaster to France was gigantic, but -not Irretrievable, for soon the third republic was a mag nificent fact and the current of na tional progress was restored. For nearly half a century France has made no secret of her invincible desire to be avenged upon her con queror. The unexampled rise of the German empire to great national power and immense International prestige has made other nations, hith erto hostile to France, sympatnetic with that aspiration. Now France has an alliance with Great Britain and Russia. Who knows but that the great mainspring of Russian aggres sion now against Austria, and there fore against Germany, is French en couragement? How will Germany fare in such a war? Is this new and wonderful na tion, supported by Austria and Italy, comparatively weak allies, strong enough to withstand the powerful union of Great Britain, Russia ana France? If so, what position will Germany assume throughout the world in the coming years? if not, what will be Germany's future?. History is indeed to be made in tne coming conflict. SOMU JJEW HERETICS. As we listen reverently to the mys tic siblllations which run shudder- ously through the world of art we seem to detect one that portends fear ful things for the future. It speaks of the fall of dynasties and the crack- ng of crowned heads. Of course, these whisperings are too occult to be put into plain words, but we can dimly body forth the one to whlch'we refer. It Is a foreshadowing or re volt against the established royalties in art like Leonardo Da Vinci, Ra phael and the rest of them. The purport of the awesome mes sage is that these divine- personages painted hideous pictures. Take tne Mona Lisa," for example, the pic ture of a woman before which we have all been taught to prostrate our selves and adoringly grovel. How mysteriously sweet her smile, how transcendently utter the enigma of her lips! Let us He in the dust be fore her for the rest of our lives and think of nothing else but her Inexpli cable perfections. Very well. This is what all of us orthodox people say about "Mona Lisa." Now comes Twells Brex, of London, whose very name croaks like the frogs' chorus in Aristophanes and flatly avows his opinion that "Mona Lisa" is homely. "She is a singularly unattractive, unsplrlted, weary and sly-looking woman." Thus says xweiis urex. ii he blasphemed all by himself what he says would be no great matter, but he does not. There are hundreds with him, and goodness only knows how soon there will be thousands. The princi pal tenet of their gruesome creed is that all the old masters painted ugly pictures. .Raphael's Madonnas look like dyspeptic oows. Titian's women look as if they were no better than they should be and no prettier than their calling. The whole array of glorious art Is crazlly hideous and can only be liked by a crazy world. More than this, as if this were not enough, they lift up profane voices against the ereat modern "patrons of art." They dare to say that these affluent souls do not patronize art at an, dui only a burled and badly decayed corpse which may have been art cen turies ago, but Is now something dis agreeably different The school or Twens srex accuses the art patrons of squandering their opulent resources upon tombs and skeletons, while living painters starve in the slums and sculptors go begging to get money to buy a block of marble with. They ransack the -garrets of Europe 'to drag rotten tapestries to light, but they never think of rum maging the garrets of their own cities to bring out neglected geniuses. If we may believe these somewhat dis quieting indictments' the wholo pre tentious structure of ' modern art is plastered together with hypocrisy and built on futility. Tolstoi said very much the same thing years ago, but the world of col lectors and patrons ' and sycophants, nd parasites laughed at him scorn fully and kept on their way. Now the voice of the great Russian prophet has Inspired an army of disciples and is no longer possible to dismiss them with a smile of contempt. If this sort of thing continues and grows. as we fear it will, the world may soon have to deal with a living, vigorous art free from millionaires and linked vitally to the mob. THE RETURNING PILGRIMAGE. The movement of American farmers to the Canadian provinces la on the decline, as it should be. Indeed, it never should have begun. Having once begun it should have been of short life and negligible results. But the Canadian officials are expert ad vertlsers, and the way they gave pub licity to their advantages and glossed over their disadvantages was a lesson that any press agent might study with profit. The strongest point made in this advertising campaign was the fact that in the far northern provinces ex ploited there were actually more hours of sunshine In their growing season of about six weeks than in our longer season of nearly three months. Theoretically this may be true, but most of our citizens who forsook their home country for foreign soil soon found that this promise usually failed of fulfilment, as did the greater prom ises of a more equable climate than we have on this side of the border. In the year 1912 Americans crossed the borders into Canada to the num ber of 97.951 and only 38,317 of them came back in the meantime, sttpwing that some 60,000 of them must have remained there either as landowners, tenants, or workmen. - In the eleven months ending June 1 of the present year 68,396 of our people went over the border and 44,127 of them re turned home. This shows that what for a time looked like a hegira to "the promised land" has lessened 60 per cent, while the returning army has increased nearly 80 per cent. It Is a difficult matter to ascertain the true situation''' of the Americans who went across the border in the last four years. ' Many of those who return will not tell' all, because they have left behind them somewhere In the Cana dian provinces lands on which they have made substantial payments and they wish' to unload. Those who came back landless and broke do not care to exploit their follies. Those who re main, many of them hanging on and hoping against hope that a day is com ing when they can see out and get back home they are the ones who still send out the rose-hued statements about the regions close to the frozen North. There is another side to the story - the side showing the good American dollars paid to the horde of agents who scoured the Northwest and roped in settlers by the thousand. It is said that in one of the small cities of Ore-B-nn more than S100.000 worth Of Canadian soil was sold, about 33 1-3 per cent of which was clear "velvet" to the agents. We have no great sympathy for those of our fellow citizens who could afford the losses thus made, but we do deeply regret the losses Incurred by those who practically put their last dollars into such deals, deals worked up by a division of commis sions between the agents and the men of wealth who first "bit." It was this double-crossing that did nearly as much damage as we suffered by the loss of so many of our hard-working citizens. WHKfiE IT HAS BEEN TRIED. In an article written after an inves tigation of conditions in Vancouver, B. C, and published recently in the New .Tork Evening Post, Professor Bullock, of Harvard University, sug gested that the single-taxers would now have to abandon Vancouver as an advertisement of value of their fiscal scheme and make a long jump to Houston, Tex. But Allan Robin son, in the same newspaper, now has an article which indicates that the singie-taxers are blocked in the Texas cltv also. He is unable to discover anything of value creditable to the partial single-tax plan in force there. He proves by figures taken from Gov ernment and other reliable reports that Houston prospered quite as much during the two years preceding the adoption of the new tax system as in the two years immediately following and not so well In the later period as other Texas cities which did not adopt the single tax Idea. The Houston tax plan was adopted at the Instigation of J. J. Pastorlza, a Henry George slngle-taxer and a mem ber of the Falrhope single-tax colony. His plan went into effect in 1912. It exempts from taxation all personal property in the hands of individuals, including cash in banks, stocks, bonds and mortgages and all household goods. Land is assessed at 70 percent of its full value, and improvements upon land at 25 per cent of their value. Mr. Robinson compares the growth of population of Houston with that of Forth Worth. Dallas and San Antonio. That with Fort Worth is the most in structive, for the two cities are prac tically the same size. The population of Fort Worth, where the single tax Dlan is not in use. was 81,050 In 1911. In two years Fort Worth gained 18,010 In population. The population of single-tax Houston in 1911 was 82, 913; in 1913, 89,721, a gain of 6808. In the same period Fort Worth gained $5,274,000 in bank deposits; Houston gained 1,662,000. In the two years preceding the adoption of the Pastoriza plan the bank deposits of Houston increased nearly '9,000, 000. In the two years immediately following they increased less than $2,000,000. While Fort Worth, San Antonio and Dallas show gains in bank deposits for 1913 over 1912, Houston shows a decrease. These figures are given by Mr. Rob inson with full knowledge that 'Mr. Pastoriza has quoted much more fa vorable statistics in an article laud ing the operation of the new tax sys tem. But Mr. .Robinson quotes Gov ernment and other authoritative fig ures to prove that Mr. Pastoriza made his comparison in bank deposits be tween the total deposited in National banks alone in 1911 and the total de posited in both National and state banks in 1913. Quite naturally, he in dicated a very large gain for 1913. Mr. Pastoriza had also given his tax plan credit for a gain of $1,846,796 in building permits over 1911, but $780, 000 of this increase Mr. Robinson traces directly to new buildings con structed to take the place of struc tures destroyed by a large fire and eliminates $242,715 for new steel and concrete bridges. This leaves but $817,046, with nothing deducted "for new' buildings growing out of another disastrous fire which occurred in Houston in 1912. Extreme business depression in Vancouver, comparative adversity in Houston and suit to dissolve the" -Fair-hope single-tax colony as a financial failure make this an unhappy year for the single tax propagandists. In the face of the record it is not apparent (why Oregon should adopt their half- jway single tax measure, me aiouu ex emption amendment. WAR'S EFFECTS IN AMERICA. A glance at the news will convince the most casual reader how deeply the United States is concerned in the European war which has already be gun and which threatens to spread until all the great powers are drawn In. It has caused the price of wheat and interest rates on moneyS to ad vance by leaps and .has caused the price of stocks to tumble. A button was touched in Vienna and immedi ately these effects are produced thou sands of miles distant, among a peo ple - who have no direct interest In the controversy. The pressing of that button was Itself the response to the bullets fired by a Servian race fanatic at Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Thus the racial ambitions of 'a small nation in Southeastern Europe have motive power enough to rock the world. Did reason rule Europe, it would decide that it could not afford to fight, but passion has unseated reason, first in Servia, then in Austria, and now reason is in danger among the allies of those two countries. Doubtless Norman Angell argues rightly that war does not pay and that even tne victors lose, but war is the result of nassion. which unseats reason. V hen passion rules nations they pay exorbi tant interest for money and extraya- gant prices for food,- clothing ana implements of war; they drive down the prices of their securities to ruin ous figures; they send out tneir men to be slain. Promptly wheat goes up 10 cents a bushel in Chicago, money goes up and stocks go down In New Tork and industry In the united States is threatened with embarrass ment through withdrawal of men from our mines and factories to fight in Europe. The market for money and staples is a world market, main taining substantially one level of prices, as all the oceans maintain the same level. So lone as the war continues, in terest rates in this country win De high and stocks and bonds will de preciate in proportion. Europe will sell our securities and take as much of her payment as possible in gold after she has paid our famine prices for grain and other commodities she must have. Hence the resumption of gold exports at a time when we anti cipated that the tide would "turn our way. Austrlans and Servians must go home to fight, probably to be fol lowed by Germans. Russians, Italians, French. Britons and Bulgarians, leav inr us short of labor for the period of activity which we anticipate and causing wages to. rise. One thing can be done to counter act the effect of the war on this coun try. That is to hasten the opening of Federal reserve banks and the issue of currency under the new law. By the operation of that law discount rates can be fixed so as to check, or at least to regulate, the outflow of gold, ana currency can be issued to supply the needs of business. It woud become the President and Senate to settle with all reasonable expedition their differences about the composition of the Federal Reserve Board in order that this country may be put in a position to stand the financial strain caused by the war. . It is said that the demand for'Sel- ma Lae-erlof's works Is- rapidly ex tending in the United States. - The gifted Swedish novelist is known by name to all readers but it took some time for translations of her books to win their way. Her "Miracles of Antl-Chrlst" has been selling well for a year and now a translation or "Jerusalem" 13 promised. 'There is this consolation: If war de moralizes commerce between America and Europe, South American and Oriental markets will be opened to the American manufactures to the extent that commerce between them and Eu rope is demoralized. This, provided we can get the ship3. A time when Europe needs all our surDlus wheat, our farmers need the price, bur railroads need the freight and other employes need, the money is no time to have a railroad strike. Mrs. Wakefield, the Connecticut woman once under death sentence, will not be hanged. The lawyers tri umph by a verdict of murder in the second degree in the new trial. Lieutenant Porte will have a chance to risk his life in aviation gust, as much in war as he would In flying across the Atlantic. Joe Knowles may decide that he would have had more fun ror nis pains had he volunteered for the Eu ropean war. The only kind of fighting we have in Oregon is with, forest fires, but It is hot enough to satisfy anybody's taste. If Japan should aid England against the triple alliance the Kaiser's yellow peril would become a reality. If you want to know definitely how the war will be settled take dinner at any boarding-house. ' William and Nicholas could settle it in half an hour at a session in an Austrian rathskellar. The Irishman will support his coun try during foreign war and settle fam ily trouble later. - Have you noticed that the crowd still congregates around the baseball bulletin boards? Ireland will have home rule when the war is over. Things then will be different. - ' The threatened railway strike Is a week of and much can .happen in a week. The Wall-street gamblers are due to receive what is coming to them. Why does not somebody interview the Colonel on the war situation? For Sale Food and powder. Apply to Uncle Sam, U. S. A. The Wratch on the Rhine Is a big alarm clock just now. "Rule, Britannia!" in any event. will-hold good Do not let the war bulletins displace the scoreboard. Has anybody seen any change Mars? in Half a Century Ago From The Oregonlan of August 1, 1S64. St. Louis, July 28. The Democrat publishes an account of a conspiracy to erect a Northwestern Confederacy. The organization Is known as the Order of American Knights. Vallan digham, while In Richmond, was made supreme commander. The object of the conspiracy was to divide the East and West and thus aid the Southern rebellion. Baltimore. July 27. is still in our hands. -Harper's Ferry Bermuda Hundred, July 29. While our troops were crossing James River on two pontoon bridges the rebel's suddenly attacked them. The rebels were driven back. Our troops received reinforcements and attacked the rebel works, carrying them and capturing the guns. The rebels were finally driven from their position far beyond. Washington, July 29. Advices from the Army of the Potomac show that Grant has secured a very important strategic position above Bermuda Hun dred, which gives him a good base of supplies only 11 miles from Richmond. Washington, July 29. A dispatch says that Hood has made several ef forts to renew the assault upon Sher man's lines since the 22d, but they were feeble and have been promptly and successfully repelled. General Howard has been assigned to the command of the Department of the Tennessee, made vacant by the death of McPher son. Mr. Hale, superintendent of Indian affairs for Washington Territory, and Alfred p. Elder, sub-Indian agent, and the son of Mr. Hale returned on Sat urday from a long Journey through the Indian country. Oregon' Mustard and Spice Mills have been set in operation. Mr. Hudson is the senior partner. The machinery for the O. S. N. Com pany's, new pile-driver arrived from The Dalles on the steamer Wilson G. Hunt on Saturday. The hammer cast ing, which will weigh about 2300 pounds, will be made at the Portland Foundry. Today commences the August term of the Multnomah County Court, Judge P. A. Marquam presiding. We observed the lumber and knees on board the Wilson G. Hunt yester day for a new boat now building at Celilo by Mr. Gates. Rev. Thomas H. Pearne arrived home on Saturday evening, after an absence of nearly three months in attendance upon the Baltimore convention and the National conference of the M. E. Church in Philadelphia. J. W. Sutton, 'of the shooting gal lery on Morrison street, will raffle his pacing horse Humpy on Saturday. C. M. Carter has resigned as special postal agent for the Pacific Coast. CANDIDATE ADMITS ERROR Frovlstou as to Independent Candidates Admitted to Be In Original Law. OREGON CITT, Or., July 31. (To the Editor.) There is no ambiguity in the Anti-Saloon League agreement when you read the sentence immediately fol lowing the one you quoted Thursday morning. The two sentences read as follows: "We shall observe strict neutrality as between parties and candidates, so long as they observe a like neutrality toward the amendment. If the amend ment is opposed we shall fight, whether the opponent be an individual candi date or a political party." Perhaps It was the first sentence that deceived Dr. Smith and Dr. Withy- combe, as well as yourself and other people. As to the independent candidate pro vision' of the direct primary law, you are right. The law was written more than 10 years ago and I was one of the authors; but I had utterly forgotten that provision, which was intended to stop the practice of bolting candidates writing maliciously "Independent-Republican," "Independent - Democrat," etc., for-the purpose of defeating their party nominees. I have some comfort in the thought that this is only tne second error of the kind on my part In all the years I have been fighting the political machine. How did you happen to overlook that second sentence in the same paragraph from which you quoted the first sen tence from the Anti-Saloon League's agreement this morning? Was that sIId of the penior an error in the typographical department? w. s. u REN. We are unable to grasp the point Mr. U'Ren is endeavoring to make concerning the Anti-Saloon League neutrality agreement, or to discern any qualification upon the first sentence of the agreement by the attachment of the second. The Anti-Saloon League announces that it will observe neutrality toward candidates and parties so long as they observe like neutrality toward the prohibition amendment. If a candidate gives the amendment his support he ceases to be neutral, and if, because he does give the amendment his sup port, the Anti-Saloon League should support him in return, the League would cease to be neutral toward those candidates who are neither op posing nor supporting the amendment and thereby violate its agreement. How Land Is Assessed. FOREST GROVE. Or.. July 29. (To the Editor.) (1) Does the law of the state of Oregon provide that each indi vidual assess his own property? For example, the Assessor refuses to give any information as to the value of land. The- result is Mr. A gives his land in at $100 per acre and Mr. B B.t $400. All is the same kind of land, only the one is based on the earning value and the other on the speculative value Is this according to law? If so, how can such an assessment be equalized? (2) What, is the difference between a limited corporation and one that la not limited?. SUBSCRIBER. 1) The law does not provide that each assess his own property, but one is al lowed by law to make a statement of what he considers the actual value of both real and personal property. In putting this estimate on the roll, the assessor may either lower or increase It. The hypothetical case mentioned is probably an instance where an as sessor declined to make a property owner's statement for him as to the value of the latter's holdings. The probabilities are, of course, that an as sessor would , disregard unequitable valuations. In any case, recourse may always be had to the County Board of Equalization. (2) The term ft used largely by Eng lish corporations. Use of the term is notice that the liability of each shareholder is limited to the amount of his stock or shares, or to a fixed guarantee. In Oregon liability of cor poration stockholders Is limited by law to the amount of stock owned by each, with- the exception that there is a double liability on bank stockholders. 1 Twenty-Five Years Ago From Ths Oregonlan of Augu't 1. lS&a Albany, July 31 W. A. Hill, a har vest hand, has confessed that he and Fred and Herbert Rolf caused the wreck at Lebanon Junction on Sunday night, one of - the Rolfs opening the switch. Astoria, July 30. Isaac W. Buchanan, a well-known steamboat engineer, died suddenly on board the steamer Tele phone today. Dallas. July 31. This beautiful little city was visited by fire early this morn ing. The losers are: Crider Bros., gro cers; Dallas City Bank; J. D. talis, buildiiiKs: J. H. Lawton, barber; J. C. Hayter, confectioner; U. S. Grant, post master; Fenton & Truit, dry goods men; A. K. Wilson, druggist; Z. T. Vaughan jeweler. Olvmnia. Julv 31 The census of Thurston County is 7201, against 4269 in 1887. Olympia. July 31. The constitutional convention adopted the phrase "grate ful to the supreme ruler or tne uni verse for our liberties" in the preamble to the constitution. J. W. Maxwell, who represented Tllla mook County in the lower house of the last t-egislature. Is here to do what he can in the way of getting a railroad. Washington. July 31. Representative McKinley is very conndent of his eiec tion as Speaker of the next House. Hon.' George H. Williams will address the Congregation of Mizpah chapel next Sabbath morning. T. TT (Gardner has accepted a posi tion with C. N. Rankin, route agent of The Oregonlan. New Tork. July 31. John L. Sullivan was tonight arrested for participating In the fight with Kilrain, end is now locked up in police headquarters. An average of 600 to 800 feet of side walk per day is going down. Large carp continue to come In from the bayous along the Columbia in great numbers, and find a ready sale. Another large audience at Cordray's Theater witnessed the performance of "Colleen Bawn" last night. United States Senator Charles . Manderson. of Nebraska, and wife are at the 'Esmond. He does not believe that war will result from our seizure of Canadian sealers. Wnirh T-aidlaw. son of the British Vice-Consul, is recovering from typhoid fever. NOT LIKELY TO PROSPECT MICH Writer Thinks Knowl.r Will 'ot Keel Like Huutlnic Gold. PORTLAND, July 31. To the Editor.) It is reported that Mr. Knowles, the "nature man," who is now seeking a livelihood in the Southern Oregon country under very difficult circum stances. Intends, along with his -task of making a living, to do some pros rjeotinir while out in the wilds. . Having just recently returned from Josephine County, Oregon, arier word ing several months In developing some quartz ledges In that vicinity, I feel that, to some extent. I can syni nathize with Mr. Knowles If he contem plates doing a little mining while liv lnir on fish, berries and other prod ucts of the hills and streams. After a strenuous day's work in prospecting and shaft sinking, it some times seems tedious enough for a fel low to come in at night and have to prepare his own bill of fare. But when, as in the case of Mr. Knowles, he must not only prepare his own meal but hustle about and round it up be fore he can do so, the disadvantages of living are' increased many times. It has been the experience of the writer to possess along about sun down, after a busy day of mountain life, that longing, gnawing feeling In the region of that inner chasm yawn ing with bottomless depth for some thing solid and substantial in the line of victuals. Of course Mr. Knowles may live for a time on the pure ex citement attached to the work of prospecting, but if visions of brown beans and bacon do not como occa sionally Into the mind of Mr. Knowles on some of these mountain evenings, he surely must be of an extraordinary, superhuman nature indeed. PROSPECTOR. MR. BREWSTER HAS RIGHT IDEA. Regulation of Pedetrlnn Will Promote Congestion. Says Writer. PORTLAND, July 31. (To the Ed jtor.) I would like to say a few words In regard to the new traffic ordinance framed by Commissioner Brewster. To my thinking. It Is, on the whole, the most common-sense measure of any which have been thus far proposed common sense In its brevity, and lib erality. The fact is the people are too much governed as It is. The lawmakers of the land have woven such an intricate web of laws around the people that it is well-nigh impossible to turn around without breaking some law. Anyone should be able to see at a glance that by forcing the pedestrians to go to the sidewalk crossing, and then wait for a signal, the congestion would be intense. It is a well-known fact that few of us are endowed with sufficient time to stroll leisurely along in an aimless fashion. Most of us know where we are going and want to get there the quick est way possible, and when a man has business directly or Indirectly across the street. It is nothing Bhort of perse cution and cruelty to be herded up to the corner with a dense crowd, and then to stand and wait for a signal before he may cross over. The more scattered we are the less congested will be the crowds. I have often been forced to take the street when in a hurry in order to get by the crowds on the sidewalk. Think what these crowds will be when they are all herded to a given point Mr. Brewster's proposed ordinance might possibly be retouched a little here and there, but taken, as the fellow says, "up one side and down the other," I think it is a good one. Give us fewer rules to govern our everyday life, and make those that we hav,e more definite and effective. l'H,U,BlJlilAr. The Grouch Motive Br Dean Collins. feel a sad mood flDod my soul And through my inner spirit grope; Tis partly due to, breakfast roll And due to cantaloupe. For indigestion's bitter pangs Annoy me sore, with savage fangs. Oh, 'tis a stale and weary world And there is little to delight; The battle banners are unfurled And nations all do quarrel and right; And sorrow in my saul abides Because of pain on my insides. It is a world of grasping greed. Of hate and pain and woe and war; Humanity has run to seed. Nor knows what it s created ror. All this I see with Vision plain Because my stomach has a pain. Who knows? Tomorrow I may wake And swear It is a smiling sun. And feel Indeed, and na mistake. This world is quite a bully one; For pessimism is a question That's close allied with Indigestion. Little Editorials on Business Smashing Traditions. Portland was founded years nRO, yet in many respects thin is a new city. Provincialism lias Wen displaced by cosmopolitanism. Manufacturers, jobbers nd re tailors are smashing the traditions of their fathers by ndopliri? now and better methods by blazing new trails into unexplored markets. The energizing force in this de velopment is advertising. Honest advertising has placed products of our factories into the best homes all over this section. Honest advertising has brought our department stores the trade of many thousands of jieople. Pick the leaders in any line and you'll find they are advertising, be cause they know it means as much to them as nitrogen to the growing flower. Plants and shrubs cannot grow without nitrogen. ' Neither can a business thrive without advertising. It is the grow-stuff of business. If you are making or selling an article worth talking about you cannot expect the peoplo to appre ciate its merits as you do unlefa you tell them about it. You may have inherited your husincss. Possibly it ha been brought to its present development without advert isi nsr. Maybe you are paying 0 or "JO per cent on your capital stock. Maybe you arc "holding your own," hut are you content to "let well enough alone" T Every man without, ambition has been marked by competition. Traditions lire smashed every day. If this were not true there would be no civilization. Wo would still be dwelling in raves, trading stone hatchets for animal skins. There are many concerns in thin city who should advertise hut do not. They are waiting for the eus. tomers to come to them. They should bo going to the customer. Maybe these potential advertis ers have been burnt by a "flash iu the" pan." Maybe they started wrong. They may he waiting for someone to show them the way. The Oregoniun is prepared to show the way to those who want to advertise but hesitate for the want of experienced counsel. Validity of Law JVot CoMlilervd, PORTLAND. July Jl (To the Edi tor.) Is It not the duty of a legltl- inta newxuaDcr to ItH readers to pub lish only truthful n;w niul cdltortnl comment thereon? An evrnlng paper stated in Its editorial cohfmns on the 2!)th Inst, that the Federal Court had held the "blue sky" law ronntltiitlonn! In an opinion handed down on Monday. whn as a matter of fact, aorordllig I" the columns of your paper, the opinion referred entirely to a plea of abate ment that was entered under the for- . , -J na.j elgn corporation aim the constitutionality" of the blue sky law was not even considered by tnn court, contrary to published tatcments and editorial of the evening paper re ferred to. a l. ln hUv Irw to nnnlv to the news columns of some papers might be a rood law to have. A CITIZEN. Illustrated Features in the Magazine Section of THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN Hoosier Gowns to Show Up in Paris. Colored page illustrating the wardrobe of a prominent Indiana woman. James Montgomery Flagg in Words and Pictures. Artist-humorist illustrates the pleasures and foibles of automobile owners. George Ade's Newest Tables In Slang. Popular humorist tells of the Marathon in the Mud and the Laurel Wreath. v Sketches From Life by Temple. Clever artist depicts familiar sights and scenes in the life of a great city. Kafirs, the Great Dry-Land Food Crop. What the raising of the drouth resisting plant means to American farmers. Harry Lane Tells His Life Story. James B. Morrow,, a Washington correspondent, oha'ts with "the gentleman from Oregon." Newest Scientific Discoveries and Remarkable Facts. A page of crisp, concise stories of interest to old and young. Woman Works Wonders on Farm of 1000 Acres. How Mrs. Clara Kelly trans formed a barren tract into a pro ductive, money-making farm. A Page for the Children. Short stories, poems, verses, pio- tures and puzzles to while away an hour with the young lolks. The Adventures ofSuzanne. A series of modern comedies in pictures by a brilliant artist, Orson Ixwell. Four Pages of Comics. There, is always something new when Doe. Yak. Uncle Jim. Ted and Tim, the District School Boys, Mr. Bones, Mamma's Angel Child, Hi Hopper and Genial Irene get together in the comic supplement. V