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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 30, 1914)
TTTK UTOWVTVO OREOOXTAW,' THURSDAY. JULY 30, 1914. 6 PflHTLlNI) OBECOS. Entered at Portland, urejon. PostoBlce tonu-ciaii miner. ... Bsbscrlpuon r.atss Invariable in Advance. Bi Moll) Daily. Sunday Included, yor. Dsi;. Sunday inciuiito. six . Dally. Sunday Included, three monina. . Sunday mciuuea. one ft HJ Dally, without Sunday, one year -YY Dully, without Sunday, six mouiu. I...... without Sunday, three months... Daily, without Sunday, one month -JV v. eeklr, out year 2 60 BLnaay. one year j5u GUWJ IUU .-.. wuw J w - BT CARRIBR) Deily. Sunday Included, one year.. 9-" Dally. Sunday Included, one month How to Remit send Polioffice money or der, express order or personal check on your local bank Stamps, coin or currency are at aei.der". risk. Give poatofflce address In au. In.ludlnx county land state, Postaxe Rates 1 to 16 paxes. 1 nii,i to 32 paces. 2 cents: 34 to 4S pea. - ce""j Co to SO pages. 4 coots; to T Pea, cents; TS to H paiea. cents. Forelxn poat- ie. double rates. k Eastern Pnslatss Offices Verree at Con", llu. New york, Brunswick building. -Ci.-o. Sieger building. an Francisco Office R. J Bldwell Co.. tt3 Market street. FORTLASD, THIBSDAY, Jl'MT 30, 1914. Al'vrKIA's MILITARY RKCORD. History warrants the prediction that. If Austria should be victorious in the war she has Just begun, her success will be due to the fact that overwhelming power enables her to crush Servia, In the event that Rus sia does not interfere, or will be due to the aid of allifcj in event the war becomes general. When fighting un aided with a nation of any importance Austria has almost always been beat en. Her victories in war have usually been due either to powerful allies or to the insignificance of her enemy. The house of Hapsburg has built up Its empire by marriage, inheritance and scheming, just as did the house of Babenberg, which preceded it as rulers of Its domains. Beginning as a petty dukedom, it was rescued from the Invading Moravians and Magyars by King Otto the Great of Germany in 955 and given as a duchy to Leo pold of Babenberg. in whose family it remained until 124S. The Babenbergs extended their boundaries eastward by colonization and westward by mar riage, inheritance and treaty. The last of this line was killed in battle by the Hungarians In 1246 and after a contest the barons elected Ottakar. who became also King of Hungary and Bohemia shortly afterwards. At this point the Haperburgs come to the front. Rudolph, Count of Hapsburg, was elected King of Ger many In 1273, and, claiming Austria. Styria and Caiinthia as vacant fiefs, compelled Ottakar to renounce them and gave them to his sons. From that time the Hapsburgs schemed suc cessfully for aggrandizement, Ru dolph IV taking the title of Archduke and declaring his territory Indivisible In 1364. In the succeeding century they acquired Carnlola, Tyrol, part of Istria and Trieste. In 1488 Albert V was elected King of Germany and ac quired the kingdoms of Bohemia and . Hungary by marriage. From that time until 1740 the title of King of Germany remained hereditary with the Hapsburgs. Albert's successor, Frederick, was also elected Roman Emperor and the Hapsburgs held that title until 1804. when they renounced it and took the title "Emperor of Austria" In fear lest the "upstart." Napoleon, should take the first named title from them and reduce them to the position of mere arch dukes. As military conquerors, the Haps burgs were rarely successful. Thf.v tried to conquer Switzerland, but v7re ignomlniously beaten at Sempach in 1386. The second Emperor of their line, Frederick. was driven from Vienna In 1385 by Matthias Corvinus. King of Hungary, who overran their dominions, but who -was expelled by Maximilian L one of the greatest of the Hapsburgo. I" 1526 the Turkish Sultan Suleiman conquered nearly all or Hungary and in 1530 he invad ed Austria and besieged Vienna. The Turks held most of Hungary till 1699 and compelled Austria to pay tribute for the remainder until 1606. Maximilian's successor. Emperor Charles V, was the greatest of the Hapsburgs. He handed over Austria, Bohemia and Hungary to his brother. Ferdinand Charles, but was compelled to rescue him from the Turkish in vaders. He defeated and captured Francis I. of France, at Pavla, sacked Rome, took the Pope prisoner, con quered Tunis. Hivaded France, sub dued rebellion In the Netherlands and crushed the Protestant armies in Cermany. The Thirty Tears War, begun by Ferdinand II to crush Protestantism, opened with victory for Austria, and Wallensteln had extended the Emper or's conquest to the Baltic when he was dismissed. The scales were turned when Gustavus Adolphus. of Sweden, Invaded Germany, and Protestant suc cess was not checked until Wallen steln was recalled and the Swedish King was killed In the moment of vic tory at Lutzen. When France finally joined In the war, Austria was beaten and was forced to allow religious tol eration, to cede Alsace to France and to recognize Holland's independence. In the wars with Louis XIV, of France, Austria was beaten from 1672-8 and her subsequent victories in Italy were won for her by Prince Eugene, a Frenchman whom Louts had offended. He led the Austrlans against the Turks when they besieged Vienna In 1688. but victory was due as much to the aid of the Poles, head ed by their King. John Sobleski. Eu gene later reconquered Hungary from the Turks, won a succession of vic tories In Italy during the war of the Spanish succession and shared with the English under Marlborough the glory of Blenheim. When England deserted her In this war, Austria yielded the point in dispute to France. When Prussia and France denied the right of Maria Theresa to rule over the Austrian empire. English aid again saved Austria, but she was com pelled to cede Silesia to Prussia. When Austria later joined in the Seven Tears War to partition Prussia, she was beaten by Frederick the Great. The greatest military disasters be fell Austria in the wars with the French revolutionists and with Na poleon, though the Hapsburgs pro duced In Archduke Charles one of their own blood who for a time beat the French and who is held one of the greatest modern generals. But Austria was disastrously beaten at Austerlltz in 1S05 and the French de feated Charles at Aspern and Wagram In 1809. The Emperor not only aban doned his ancient title, and ceded much territory, but married his daughter. Maria Louisa, to a man whom be regarded as an usurper. Austria shared with her allies the credit for Napoleon's final overthrow. In 1S4S the Hungarian rebels had beaten Austria at every point when Russia intervened and crushed them. In 185 9 France and Savoy drove Aus tria out of Italy and in 1806 Prussia overwhelmed her in the Six Weeks War. No doubt Austria can crush Servia alone by sheer weight of numbers. If Russia should intervene. Austria s hope's of victorv must rest largely In i most important rivers n nas her allies, Germany and Italy. The ! granted the lands lying between high Austrians are good soldiers, but the and low water. There is a wharfing Hapsburgs, with rare exceptions, are privilege beyond the line of low water poor Generals, and they do not en- that has been granted to thv riparian courage military genius in men of owners, but it is subject to legisla common red blood bv raising them to ! tive revocation. A simple act repeal high command. lr.g the wharf law would seem to be 1 all that is required if it be deemed OSK rOriSIBLK WAY THROIGH. "President Wilson," says the Chi cago Tribune, a well-informed news- paper, "is greatly .relieved at the fail- ure of the rivers and harbors bill. The President feared It would pass, and n ,i .i iea finn nnn iha ot! t- avi r:i n"e ! record of the Democratic 'economy' Administration." The testimony of other newspapers Is that the measure has only the smallest chance of enactment. The ferent, and the opposition has shown no sign of weakening. A compromise may Indeed be reached, but the out look Is dubious. Is it not possible that the Oregon delegation can get Presidential sup port of a concurrent resolution, for ad-intertm maintenance of the Co lumbia River Improvements, such as President Averill, of the Chamber ol Commerce, suggests?" ELEMENTAL. The Republican theory of a cus toms tariff is that American manu facturers and American producers are entitled to protection in their home market to iie extent of a fair mar gin of reasonable profit. The Democratic theory is that the American consumer is entitled to first consideration as against the pro ducer or the - manufacturer, and that the latter must be subjected in their home market to the restraint and corrective influence of foreign com petition. The Republican theory is that U the Droducer and the manufacturer are protected, labor may be employed I at the highest wages in the world, and that where the mills are busy and the farms have a profitable market for their output, all will prosper. The" Democratic- practice, 'as ex pressed in the present tariff law. Is to give the manufacturer moderate protection and the producer of agri cultural and kindred products no pro tection at all. The buyer can buy where he pleases; the seller must take his chances. V In a state which has wheat, hops, fish, lumber, butter, cheese, eggs, hay, barley, fruit and many similar prod ucts to sell and which depends for a livelihood upon the successful and profitable marketing thereof, the tar iff has a meaning for every citizen. NAME IS NOT ALL. We fancy that the letter from Mr. Samuel Hill which aroused the Tri State Good Roads Association to con demnation was a discussion of the effect of events rather than an indica tion of desire on his part to favor one locality over another In the location of the Pacific Highway. The construction of the Columbia River Highway has been undertaken by the counties Interested without thought of the Pacific Highway. It rests wholly on Its own necessity. Tet It forms a heretofore missing link between Portland and the north and south roads of Eastern Oregon. In that section roads are constructed at comparatively small cost. Although that portion- of the state is less fa vored by wealth and population than Western Oregon, its roads today are better. It Is plainly apparent that the through travel will follow the Colum bia River and Eastern Oregon route in preference to the Western Oregon route, unless the latter district bestirs itself to better roadbuilding. And this will happen whether the' Western Oregon route retains the name "Pa cific Highway" or not. Name alone will not attract travel. Better roads alone will do it. The road problem confronting the counties of Western Oregon deals with physical problems, not with any artificial obstacles that can be created by one man, even though he be presi dent of a road association. BOTTLINti THE LAm. The Oregonlan prints elsewhere to day a discussion by the Marshfleld Record of an Important phase Of one of the constitutional amendments now before the people. The amendment is the one which prohibits the state from alienating title to any submerged lands along the shores of navigable waters. Probably the framers of the measure had the situation on Port land's waterfront particularly In mind when they prepared It, yet it Is state wide In its scope and the interpreta tion put upon it by the Record is one that Is worth consideration. It Is argued that the declaration of state title to the beds of navigable waters "at bank-full stage" will cloud the title of the best farming lands in Coos. Curry and Tilamook Counties, for they are. bottom lands subject to overflow of navigable streams. The answer that will probably be made by supporters of the measure Is that the amendment cannot be retroactive in its effect and therefore will not cloud land titles that have already passed; that "bank full" takes up only to tho line of ordinary high water and does not embrace bottom lands sub ject to overflows during extreme freshets. But while this is perhaps a reason able construction, the amendment would, if adopted, doubtless require court adjudication, and as the Rec ord says, "fill the pockets of the law yers at trie expense of the early set ter and his successor In interest." Moreover, there are lowlands bor dering on some of the navigable lakes of Oregon to which title has not passed lands which are below the line of ordinary high water, are not and probably never will be needed for structures ' in aid of commerce and navigation, and are capable of being reclaimed. There are many thou sands of acres of such lands border ing on Klamath Lake. Though tree less, some at least are Included In the forest reserves and all are reserved by the Government for one purpose or another not Incident to commerce and navigation. They will doubtless ulti mately revert to the state and the state would seemingly be unable to dispose of them under the proposed amendment. Whether there are lands still owned by the state bordering any other lakes, rivers and harbors of Oregon and are subject to reclamation by diking is a matter for grave consid eration in voting on this amendment. And -in any event the need of this type of constitutional amendment is ' not apparent. The state cannot now alienate its title to the beds of navi gable rivers below the line of low wa ter; it can do so above low water sud lect to its own regulation. On the advisable that that right should In fact be canceled. The lack of necessity for so sweep ing an amendment is made more noticeable by the recent decision of the Supreme Court In the case insti tuted by the Portland Dock Commis sion. There It was held that the state could not alienate Its lands below low water and through the municipality had the power to regulate the use ot the tide lands above low water In th, interests of commerce and navigation. Regulation covers all elements In the situation vital to public interest. It permits the use of submerged lands for farming purposes when they are not required for structures in aid of navigation and commerce. It may De applied to prevent monopoly or ob struction In the event attempt is made so to use tide lands needed for com merce and navigation. Public own ership which confines, as would this amendment, the utilization of all sub mergad lands of every character to use as sites for docks under lease or municipal ownership goes to an ex treme that is not demanded by public policy. sHAW AND IBSEN. Students of the modern drama will be interested to learn that Bernard Shaw has added some new chapters to his "Quintessence of Ibaenism." This vivacious little book was pub lished some twenty years ago, when the great Scandinavian genius was just beginning to make- an impression upon the English-speaking world. His dramatic methods were new and often His characters were to I" ' tally unlike the conventional stage figures which had entertained and bored one generation after another ever since the days of Shakespeare. The problems which he discussed were perplexing and sometimes alarming. Neither England nor America knew what to make of ibsen until Shaw taught them in his In cisive book. Thejr natural attitude had been defensive. Ibsen seemed to make war on "all that they held dear," the home, religion, patriotism and so on, and It was small wonder that the censor and the public both disliked, him. Bernard Shaw pointed out that Ibsen was not the fearsome foe to all good that he had been taken for. What he really attacked was not ihe home, but a false romantic Ideal which had usurped the place ot the home and often turned possible good into actual evil. It was the same with marriage. Ibsen never had a word to say against a union founded in mu tual love and continued with kindly respect. He only fulminated against debased relations where the man dwelt in brutalized conceit of himself and the woman was a coddled slave. Nor dd Ibsen attack patriotism except that form of it which Dr. Samuel Johnson so well defined in his great dictionary- "Patriotism," wrote the immortal lexicographer, "is the last refuge of a scoundrel." Of course he meant that kind which in cites a war and then sells the soldiers embalmed beef. Or the kind which furnishes paper-soled boots to the cavalry while it delivers inflamma tory speeches at home. It was these perilously mendacious "romantic ideals" which Ibsen hated and which he assailed so pitilessly in his plays. And yet after all these years of instruction as to the genuine and the tinsel there are plenty of excellent people who cannot tell the difference. A PARTHIAN SOUPY. Thus far the Servians have been pursuing a Parthian policy toward the lnvadlnir Austrians. They have fled before the foe, no doubt with the purpose of drawing him Into the In terior, where he can be attacked and destroyed. It was thus that the few but far from feeble Swiss dealt with the Austrians in the days of William Tell and Gessler. The invaders were lured onward Into some mountain defile where numbers did not count and cavalry was useless. There -the peasants fell upon them and slaugh tered them by the thousand with little loss to themselves. In the same way the Parthians of the desert enticed the Roman legions to destruction. They would fight a moment and then flee. Again they would rally and face the enemy, only to scatter once more. These tactics they continued until the legions weroJ hopelessly astray in the desert wastes. Then at the proper moment the Par thians fell upon them in good earnest and left only their dead bodies upon the bloody sands. The abandonment of Belgrade reminds one of the cra.'t of the Russians when Napoleon In vaded their country. They permitted him to reach Moscow almost without interruption, but no sooner had he made his army, comfortable in 4he captured capital than it was burned over his head and his troops driven out Into the Wintry snows to make their dismal way back to France. The capital of such a nation as Servia is extremely mobile. Wherever the King is with his army and advis ers there is the seat of government. Archives are of little consequence. Monuments of liberty do not trouble the monarch In a land where liberty never has" been known. The Servians are not fighting for freedom, but merely for the right to live under a despotism of their own choosing. The loss of Belgrade does not weaken them at all and its retention would not strengthen them. Their real strongholds are the mountain .fast nesses of the country and their best munitions of war are the bold hearts of the people. The Austrians may overrun Servia for the moment, but they will not permanently conquer it, any more than the Turks did centuries ago. LUNDT'S LAVE. July 25 was the centenary of the Battle? of Lundy's Lane, an indecisive action of our second war with Eng land. The site of the encounter was on the Canadian side of the Niagara River, about a mile and a half from the falls. It was one of the few pitched battles of that war in which the Americans were not defeated. The Battle of New Orleans, as the reader will Immediately remember, was another. At Lundy's Lane Winfield Scott won hie-flrst laurels. They were rather pale, but still they sufficed to begin a career which did not end until the Civil War was well under way. When the American trodps met the British, at Lundy's Lane they were undertaking one of those invasions of Canada some of which began so hope fully and all of which ended so futile ly in the War of 1812. On July 25, 1S14, Scott, who was subordinate to General Jacob Brown, was ordered to advance toward Queenstown with 1300 men. His opponent was General Riall, who had a much larger force, but the Americans held their ground and even gained some advantages If the course of the afternoon. Toward night the leisurely General Brown arrived with reinforcements and the British retired. In the Inter val both Brown and Scott were wounded and the command fell to General Ripley, who held the field for an hour or so and then gracefully retired. Thus, with the exception of the dead men who do not count in such affairs, conditions were precisely the same at the end of the encounter as at the beginning. Still, since the Americans were not driven from the field, they hailed Lundy's Lane as a glorious victory. The British also claimed it, and to this day the rival claims have not been completely adjusted. Had General Scott inflicted a de cisive defeat upon the British, the Americans would have advanced into Canada and might, perhaps would have, succeeded in overrunning that province. This was their great am bition during both the War of 1812 and the Revolution. Had their hopes been fulfilled it is likely enough that Canada would have become a part of the Union and might now be enjoying the blessings of liberty under the Stars and Stripes. TThA (""hlfnEro Trihnrie .Tulv II 4 . has the following introductory paragraph-! to -a dispatch from its Washington correspondent on the rivers and har bors bill: The J53.0O0.0OO river and harbor pork bar rel bill Is beaten. Democratic leaders in the tempt to force the passage of the bill as lone as Senators Burton, of Ohio; Kenyon. Of Iowa; Borah, of Idaho; Norrls. of Ne braska; Lane, of Oregon, and Aahurst. of Arizona are willing to keep up their fili buster. . Senator Lane, too! The gentle-hearted Czar has ceased for the moment to plot new pogroms. His talk now is all of loyalty and love. Neer did monarch feel such affection for his dear "peepul." Softly as a sucking dove he urges them to fight for him against the wicked Austrians in behalf of "their country and their God." We should suppose the Rus sian God might be able to take care of himself without shedding the blood of the starving peasants. Justice may linger, she may delay, but when she strikes, the blow is deadly. Witness the following. A baking powder man was convicted the other day under thti-pure food law for adulterating his wares with arsenic, a comparatively harmless spice, as ev erybody knows. But no mercy was shown. The pitiless judge fined him 85. We trust other adulterators will take warning and mend their ways ere it Is everlastingly too late. The forest fire which threatens 81s son, Cal., started from "a campfire abandoned by hunters." If these hunters, who so recklessly disregard the welfare of other people, could be caught and adequately punished, others might be made more careful. To extinguish a campfire Is not much trouble. To extinguish the forest fire which it Is pretty sure to start, if neg lected, costs money and hardwork. Rumblings from the great deep be gin to disturb the plans of the Euro pean war lords. The peasants and artisans who will have to shoot and be shot If there is a general conflict threaten a general strike to stave It off. Very likely such a strike would fail If it were called, but the ominous fact is that it should be discussed. Fifty years ago the millions would have bled and starved In silence. This Is the farmers' year of plenty. They not only have banner crops, but war promises to aid short Euro pean crops in giving them banner prices. Such a conjunction of big yield with high prices does not hap pen more than once in a generation. The farmers will be able to buy bonds with which to finance the European war and to buy them with money paid by Europe for their wheat. What is the use ola law to make canoeists careful? There are so many laws now that people think nothing of breaking one and taking chances. The reckless man on the water Is brother to the reckless autolst, with greater certainty of "doing" himself. The usual pessimistic reports are due -from the hopfields. Prolonged dry weather reduces the yield and wet weather brings out the louse. Yet at picking time the returns are at the general .average': Vhe unwritten law has been adopt ed and expanded by France In the Caillaux case. It justifies a woman's shooting a man If she even believes he intends to publish letters which compromise her. The jobs seem to be about all that is left of the National pure food law, since the Supreme Court has ruled that proof of Injurious poisoning by impure food is necessary to conviction. Judging by his record, Charles R. Drummond needs an indeterminate sentence as a habitual bigamist more than he needs a parole. Coos Bay has waited long for rail road connection; now it has certainty of one and prospects of several and will welcome them all. Harmony may reign superficially among Nebraska Democrats, hut some of them have sharp knives concealed about their persons. It Is very well to be patriotic, but the European in this country would better stay and live than go home to be killed. The millennium is near at Chicago when Carter Harrison discards Bath house John and Hinkey Dink. The aeace stamps will be a grim joke in Europe. The aeroplane In war will get test now. Everybody sprinkle tomorrow. its DANGER. IS SEEN IX AMENDMENT Fear Expressed Waterfront Measure WUl riund Title to Much Farm Laud. Marshfield Record. (Tho facts suggested herein were pointed out to the Record by J. W. Bennett) A bill proposed by initiative petition for the amendment of the state consti tution, is one which is probably far broader in its scope than was anticipat ed by Senator Mulkey. who drew it, and C. S. Jackson, of the Journal, who, with him, proposed the amendment. The first two lines of the bill are enough to get everybody on the coast, bays and rivers, also in the Willamette Valley to become interested. Here's what the fVo lines say: Section 8-a. The beds ot the navigable waters of the state of Oregon at bank-full stage are hereby -declared subject to pub lic use for water commerce, navigation and improvements in aid thereof. At "bank-full stage" covers every piece of bottom land in Coos and Curry counties, which are the most valuable farm lands for dairy purposes in the world. Then there Is the Umpqua. where a similar condition exists, and there is the Siuslaw and Yaquina Bay in the same boat, and there is Tilla mook and then there's the Cblumbia River. At "bank-full stage" will take every farm on the vast bottom , lands. "Navigable waters" does not cbnfine It to a river or bay, but It embraces the lakes and water of every kind, no matter where found. It embraces Ten mile Lake, North Lake, Eel Lake, Clear Luke and the entire list of lakes along the coast and down the Willamette Valley All the low lands become "bank full" at the time of. freshets and a freshet always covers all the low lands in the country. Tho bill further provides that; The state's title thereto Is In trust for the benefit of the people, and Is hereby de clared to be perpetual and forever Inalien able, etc. This would be a cloud on the title of every farm of what is known as the bottom land in the State of Oregon and will cause endless litigation and fill the pockets of the lawyers at the expense of the early settler and I hi mii?c-pfisQr in interest. The fact is that a great man peo pie of the state believe that tho land between ordinary low-water mark and deep water, suitable for navigation, should be retained by the state, and it is already In the state in trust for tho public, so that the state and cities can I build their own wharves on that strip , of land or rent it to other persons foi wharf purposes, but the tidelands which means the lands between ordin ary high-water mark and ordinary low water mark, has already been sold by the state to individuals, generally to abutting owners and the title vested in the purchasers has been upheld by the Oregon Supreme Court repeatedly and also by the Supreme Court of the United States. In addition to that, the riparian owner would give the right to wharf out to deep water so that vessels could land ahd the Government estab lishes a harbor line beyond which no one can wharf out, and there is quite a feeling lhat this strip of land between the low-water mark and the, harbor line should remain in the Stale for the public, so that the cities can build wharves in case they see proper, or rent their right to build wharves thereon to individuals. The public can readily see by the foregoing that the amendment to the constitution is nut drawn with that end in view, but gives the sweeping asser tion that the banks of navigable wa ters, in navigable rivers or lakes of tho State of Oregon, at bank full stage are covered by the constitutional amendment. This is but a starter, with tho view of getting people to look into these constitutional amendments so that they won't go blindly when voting upon it. Here endeth the first lesson. TWIXT AND BETWEEN CANDIDATE Mr. U'Ren Nominated by Jurijre Murphy as an "Interdependent." PORTLAND, July 29. (To the Edi itor.) Our distinguished fellow citizen, the Hon. W. S. U'Ren, is reputed to be one of the fathers of the primary law. It's a credit to Oregon nobody yet has claimed to be Its mother. It has been discovered said law contains a joker. Well, what of it? Did anybody ever see a mischievous kid who wasn't full of Jokers? Writing laws is a good deal like getting married, it looks fine until it begins to work, then life itself Is full of Jokers. When dreamers quit writing laws the supply of jokers will diminish. By reason of a Joker in the primary law Candidate U'Ren can't catch 'em a-eoming and catch 'em a-going. It is to be sad, but not hopeless. Under the primary law the famous lawgiver cannot at the same time run as an "In dependent" and run as a "Prohibition ist." Why -call oneself either? Danger lurks in both words. Your genuine "Independent" can take a drink in places where It will bring him friends and abhor the stuff in places whore it will bring home the bacon, else he is not independent. A "Prohibitionist" is one whose soul is enmeshed in the shadow of an arid and arbitrary law. At this season of the year an "Indepen dent" with sound digestion can take a jolt of Scotch whisky and see the val ley smiling before him if he don't pro long the smile, but a "Prohibitionist" has visions of the day when that su pernatural bunch who gather at Salem will pass a law that will make men sober and thrifty in spite of them selves. These two views will not coin into a persuasive catchword. Now our celebrated Oregonlan, the Hon. W. S. U'Ren, deserves something better than a joker. He has done a good deal to Oregon and If elected Gov ernor might undo it. Let us advise him, encourage him, cheer him. Show me a man who didn't find himself In the cloudy-hours and I will show you an accident or a freak. Is this a find? "W. S. Uren, Interdependent candi date for Governor." J. HEXNESSY MURPHY'. MR. U'REN AND TDK PRIMARY LAW Digged the Pit Into Which He Has Now Fallen. OREGON CITY, Or., July 29. (To the Editor.) In an editorial article last Saturday you said I wrote the bill that prevents an independent candidate for public office from being nominated by a political party. You are mistaken, as I had nothing whatever to do with it. The bill was passed by tho Legislature of 1913, a body that would not pass any hill that Mr. U'Ren was suspected of having drawn". W. S. U'REN. The Oregonlan was not mistaken. It is surprised at Mr. U'Ren's ignorance of his own primary law. It Is hard to believe it is genuine. Section 10 of the primary law. drawn by Mr. U'Ren and enacted through the initiative in 1904, contained, the fol lowing clause: No independent or non-partisan candidate shall be permittetd J.o use any word of the name of ony existing political party or or ganization in his candidacy. This exactly fits Mr. U'Ren's case. He was an "independent" candidate and he desired also to be the "Prohi bition" candidate. He could not be both. ' The recent Legislature amended the law of 1904 so that any "independent" or "non-partisan" candidate could use the title "Independent" or "non-partisan," but no other. The law was thus made more explicit and its limitations were increased; but In essence it was unchanged. The original . U'Ren phraseology is there. What does Mc U'Ren hope to gal by such trifling Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian of July. 30. 11(14. Washington. June 22. The Postmaa-ter-General has relet to the California Stage Company the dally mall contract between Lincoln. Cal., and Portland. Or., a distance of C40 miles. The con tract with Ben Holladay for carrying the mail between Salt Lake City and Walla Walla has been extended so aa to make The Dalles the western ter minus of the route. By the arrival of the Canyon City stage at The Dalles we have intelli gence of tbe arrival of Captain Olney's command at Alkali Flat. He had re ceived orders to report to Captain Cald well at Camp Watson. He says that the Indians are quite plenty and on the night of the 26th tried to starujiede the cavalry horses. " St. Louis. July 23. The recent arrest of several prominent secessionists In this city was connected with a con spiracy which extended throughout the Mississippi Valley, having for Ha object the aiding of rebellion in tho Northwest. Atlanta, July 22. On the morning of the 20th Howard. Hooker and Palmer crossed the Chattahoochle with the bal ance, of their corps, forming a line along the south bank of a creek. At 3 P. M. the rebels made a desperate and sudden attack on Howard In great force. Tho attack soon extended to Hooker, the rebels advancing three deep. Portions of our line wavered at first before the terrible onslaught, but quickly rallied and stood firm. Before dark tho rebels were entirely defeated, having failed to break our lines. They retreated in disorder, leaving most of their dead and wounded on the field. On tho left w were entirely success ful; McPherson drove the rebels several miles. On the morning of the 21st the rebels were driven with small loss to their works, immediately around At lanta. On the 22d they had withdrawn entirely from Hooker and Palmer's front. At 2 P. M. portions of our army entered the city. Baltimore. July 26. Averill, after a successful encounter with Early's force in the Shenandoah Valley, pursued them to the mountains beyond Win chester, whore Early mnde a stand and after heavy fighting on Jtily 23 and 2-i, Averill was compelled to fall back to Harper's Ferry, causing the evacu ation of. Martlnaburg. The rebels pur sued and on tho afternoon of the 23th occupied Martinsburg. Our force were concentrating at Harper's Ferry. Mr. Seely. of Puget Sound, hag dis covered an extensive bed of finely fla vored oysters, some of which will measure from three to five Inches In circumference. A saddle train of horses appeared on Front street In great disorder yester day, having come suddenly to the ferry landing, anj apparently tho drivers were not certain of their locality un til the loose horses were scattered In every direction, putting them to great exertion in collecting tho itampeded animals. Messrs. Hawthorne & Loryaa have opened an office for the asylum for the insane at the office of Dr. Chapman, opposite tho Pioneer Hotel. Captain Semrnes was In Portland In 1851 or t852 as First Lieutenant of the United States sloop of war Vinccnnes. He has a sister, a highly respectable married lady, residing at Oregon City. Well Dlgsrlng Contract. PORTLAND, July 29. (To the Edi tor.) We take the liberty of address ing you in r.:;rard to a well that wejire having drilled. The following Is the proposition that the parties drilling the well made us: tl per foot In dirt, $1.50 In soft rock, 2 In hard rock, until the 200-foot level, anil J2.50 per foot thereafter, including casing. The well is now at 150-foot level, at tho 70-foot level the drill machine settled or in some way shifted and caused a curve or Juwr in the hole to the extent that It will be impossible to place caslnns bolow that level. For thp first 135 feet IMe formation was Tactically all hard rock, but the last 15 feet was completed In about 45 minutes and Is a soft shale or sand stone and we believe that It la neces sary to case the entire well. Question: Would you advise us to accept a well under the conditions mentioned above, the same only being cased down to the curved condition? F. H. F. The Oregonlan is unable to deter mine from the brief statement of the provisions of the contract or agree ment whether there has been specific performance. A lawyer should be con sulted Dealer In Rookx. PORTLAND. July 27. (To tho Edi tor.) I have an explanation of 50 of the Psalms of David, by a professor of divinity of Edlnburg College, published In the year 1653. Can you tell me where to Inquire If this book Is of any value? A SUBSCRIBER. Write to Brentanos, Fifth avenue and Twenty-seventh street. New York City. "E. V Government. PHOENIX, Ariz., July 20. (To the Editor.) I rise to Inquire If triers Isn't as much sense In paying Colombia $25,000,000 as there was In paying Spain J-'O.OOO.OOO for the Philippine Is lands? I think we ought to chance the name of our Government from the U. S. Government to the "E. Z" Gov ernment. G. C. KJSSELL HELP HIM ON HIS WAY. Just help him on his way, v If but a lift. AS" light, as flit. As snowflake gone astray: It may do good that day, And make a heart so gay. Just help him on his way, At work or play, Tou ne'er can say. What thought his mind unfolds, What dark dreams through It rnllsj; And win for him tho day. Just help him on his way, Sad Is his look As a wasted brook. Sorrow has touched hire sore, He feels lika'hope is o'er; Bring him a sunbeam's ray. Just help him on bis way. Trouble haunted mind, Makes his soul bltnd. He can't see how to tread. Where others swiftly sped: Show him the light of day. Just help him on his way. Hls'Trlends are g4ne. He's sad, forlorn. Dark thoughts through his soul play, He sees the night, not day; Speak kindly to him. pray. Just help him on his way. An ideal lost Bites like a frost. Deep down in his sad soul G loams the green gangrene mold: Oh, bring him happier day. Just help him on his wary. "For none can tell To what red hell The sightless soul may stray;" And your act save the day. Where all was lost for aye. J. T. FORD, Dallat. Or. 1 Little Editorials on Business The Dawn of a New Opportunity. The man who sluinbors when op portunity appears must ho content to watch another enjoy the it wards of that opportunity. Upon our broadening horizon there stands a new and glorious opportunity for every retailor, wholesaler and manufacturer in Portland. Many thousand people live with in 50 miles of this city. They are the met prosperous people in the world waiting to buy our mer chandise. And they are coming to u. Many retailers who formerly regarded this city and its environs as their territory are now delivering goods by parcel post to customers 50 to 300 miles away. Manufacturers and jnWier-. who once restricted their distribution and their advertising to the small dealers in a limited territory are now doing a wider business. This expansion of trade is Ihe result of advert iing to the consum er. It is the most natural thing in the world for the consumer to buy and use the things best known to him. Make the people acquainted with your goods. Offer them better values and better service. Then they will come or send to you to supply their wants. The opportunity is before you to increase your own business and help make Portland I greater mar ket place a bigger city a belter place to live. Those who are asleep on this op portunity may awnken to find their business has gone to a competitor or to another town. The Oregonian will carry our message to the moat substantial families in this territory. They de mand good goods and they hao the price. Twenty-Five Yer Ago From Tho Oregonlan of July 10. ! Salem. July 29. Tha number of school children In tho stato reported by the State Superlntsndrnt ll 83,u'.'. Walla Walla, July 21. Ths fruit growers Saturday evanlng organised un association. D. ff. Jeasvo Is prraldanl. J. M. Gose, vice-president. W. H. offner. secretary: Messrs. lleadly. Aerls ami T. Chase, executive conimlttoe. Ths ol'.i' i la to obtain by con'-srtsd action lower rates and to ship and soil fruit through agents appointed by the association. Paris, July 21. General Boulanser was defeated In tho elections on Hun day. Otympla. July i. Tha MlllllHaM convention had a hot dobale 14 about mentioning God In tho preamble After a tie vote, the matter was re ferred back to commute. J. If. Flak of Portland, will build a three-storv frame hotel on tho site ol the Itlvcrsido Hotel, on J and He .en I streets. Eaat Portland. Tho old lOtol has been vacated by William vonCadow and will l removed. Tho Street Commissioner of Ki Portland yesterday raised tho gate at tho dam that conflnoa tho water on the low grounds east of tho railroad em bankment and permitted the water to run. The flooding of tho flats has kM a good effect on tho miasmatic vapoia arising from tho low ground. Negotlatlono aro In progrosa foi changing the Washlngton-stre-et rail way to a cahl road. Tho company ! considering various styles of elo u i motors, with a view of substituting one of them for horses. Work on the proposed new SI Vin cent's Hospital to be built on a flvr acro tract on tho hillside west of the city was commenced lust wi-i-k. John O'Neill has tho contract for opening the quarry. Georgo Tuttle haa received a dispatch stating that John L Davidson died m Ontario, Canada, Sunday nlKlit II' !"' been a resident of this city alnco !: and engaged In bustncR still within tho past two years. Some 200 acres of fine orchard ground north and weal of the garrison grounds In Vancouver has boon laid out in lots and blocks. vh u-.mM the cltv do without the services of Hugh Hrady?" yesterday queried Police urnccr rncaey. iisesm" that he understands moro about drag ging the river for dead bodlos than any one else in the city." W. A. Carruthers, of Oystervllla, W. T., who Is In town, says tne town oi South Bend, at the mouth of tho Wll Ispa. on Shoalwater Bay, la havina quite a boom. The bear pit In the City Park Is al moat completed, and In a few days more the two bruins will bo surprised to find themselves let loose In tho inclosuro. Captain William J. Buchanan's new steamboat lone was launched from Smith s yard In South Portland yester day. Captain Buchanan christened her the lone after Mrs. Captain W. 8. Buchanan, his son's wife. Why .Not Suppress f ENTERPRISE. Or, July 2K. (To the Editor.) I have read The Oregonlan constantly for 35 years and would Ilk to ask you to answer the following questions: Why do you keep In the limelight constantly such men as W. 8. K'Ren? In there any law to comprl you to publish his ruinous bills? If not why do you not Just Ignore any communi cation from him? Do you not know that knowledge that a. bill emanates from him Is enough to cause every decent voter lo vote against the amendment? Do you not know that It Is wrong to defile a respectable newspaper by publishing anything written by W. 8 U'Ren? Then whv do you publish Ma com munications? GKO. 8. CRAIO. Tho Oregonlan does not know that Mr. U'Ren's authorship alone, will kill a measure. It has not been the In variable rule In the past. Moreover, ITRcnlsm Is not confined to the chan nels of the press to get before tho people. Suppression of newspaper In formation or discussion of It will therefore not eradicate It. T Ignore would hao r.o more effort on U'Kenlsm than on tho mcaole I aclr fmm. Aoto Mao. Baltimore American. Recent statistics credit tho United States with about on automobile) (or each two miles of country road.