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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 28, 1914)
TTTR NTOT?XrvO OREGOXIAN. TUESDAY, JULY 28, 1914. 8 $$ (Dmrtmtmt PORTLAND. OKKtiON. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflce as Mco&d-ctasi matter. Subscription Rates Invariably In Advance. (By Mall) Dally. Sunday Included, one year Dally. Sunday Included. six montha - Dally. Sunday Included, three months. . -- Dally. Sunday Included, one month Dally, without Sunday, one year J.w Daily, without Sunday. six montha Tn Daily, without Sunday, three montha... l.T Dally, without Sunday, one month Weekly, one year JJ 6unday. one year., Jj" Sunday and Weekly, one year ' (BY CARRIKR Dally, Spnday included, one year 9'2? Daily. Sunday Included, one month ' How to Remit Send Postofflce money or der, expresa order or personal check on your local bank Stamps, coin or currency are at Bender's risk. Give postofflce address in tun. Including county and state. Postage Rates 12 to 16 paces. 1 cent; IS to 32 paxes. 2 cents; 34 to 4S pages, 3 cents. CO to 80 pages, 4 cents; 62 to 76 pages, cents; 78 to H pages. 6 cents. Foreign post age, double rates. . Eastern Business Office Verree & Con lln. New York, Brunswick building. Chi cago, Sieger building. San Francisco Office R. J. Bldwell Co.. T43 Market street. PORTLAND, TUESDAY, JILY 28, 1914. A SPARK MAY START CIVIL WAR. The fatal encounter between Irish Nationalist gun-runners and the troops may prove to be the first shot in a civil war in Ireland. The Nation alists reason that they are surely jus tified in doing that in support of home rule which the Ulster Cove nanters have been doing; against it. The home rule bill lacks only tne King's assent to become law. Those who support its operation will then be upholders of the law. while those who resist Will be rebels. Premier Asquith's first blunder was apparently that he did not crush the Orangemen's volunteer organization In its incipiency. His failure to do so may have been a choice of evils, or may have been due to a belief that the organizers were not In earnest held by him until the movement had gone too far to be stopped. Had he at tempted to suppress it at the outset, a great outcry would have been made by the Tories, who would have striven to inflame religious bigotry. Perhaps hoping that the Ulster Unionists would after all accept home rule as unavoid able or would accept some compro mise, he permitted them to organize and arm until they now appear to have an army ready for the field. The Nationalists now show them that two can play at that game, and hitherto have organized and armed Irish volunteers without hindrance. They comprise four-fifths of the Irish people, and, if numbers alone count ed, could overwhelm the Covenanters. But their movement is new and has at its command neither the funds nor the military talent which are at the service of Sir Edward Carson's fol lowers. The latter have a well-filled treasury, have been collecting arms and ammunition for some time and have been trained by able retired of ficers of the British army. The Na tionalists are now endeavoring to make up by zeal what they lack in other respects. They are enrolling volunteers in every town, are collect ing funds among Irishmen in this country and in the British colonies and may organize an armed force equal to that of their foes. Thus there are in Ireland all the materials for civil war, ready to hand. If Sunday's encounter should not prove to be the spark which starts the conflagration, some similar event may on any day have that effect. Mr. Asqulth will need to move warily that he may carry out his policy without causing open conflict. The threatened general European war may prove a godsend to him. in a sense, for it may so stir patriotic fervor in the British people that they will forget internal differences. to lose and everything 'to gain by the change of policy which Mr. Burton advocates. The Columbia River ap propriation would no longer be com pelled to drag along a train of appro priations for worthless schemes as a condition of getting through Congress. A complete project for a long stretch of its course would be adopted, and money would be forthcoming yenrlj to prosecute work continuously. After the main stream had been canalized the tributaries would be taken in hand. Mr. Burton and those who work with him for reform of river and harbor Improvement . methods are therefore the truest friends of the Co lumbia River. Their success would give a fair prospect that the present generation would see the river made navigable from its mouth to the boundary. THE GREAT EUROPEAN WAR. Europe has a bad attack of mid summer madness which is not limited to any one country. Ireland is on the verge of civil war, or perhaps, if the whole truth were known, it has stepped a little over the verge. France is turning a murder trial into a polltl- i cal propaganda against Germany and Austria. Servla and Austria are at swords' points, and if all tales are true, Russia has decided to take up arms for her Balkan klnspeople. The odds are heavy, however, that all the tales are not true. Russia, with a general strike of vast propor tions on her hands, Is in no condition to wage a foreign war. Germany can not fight without the consent of a powerful and active political party which vigorously opposes all militar ism. France would have to face a revolution at home if she undertook to meddle in the Balkan imbroglio. England is pretty well occupied with domestic troubles, what with suf fragettes, the land taxes, the cam paign against the Dukes and the per ennial riots in Ireland. It is moderately safe to predict, from considerations of this sort, that the great European war will be a burst bubble in a week or two. tion If being materially modified in our day. Oregon has gained population at the rate or about 25,000 a year since the last census was taken. It has now 783,000 inhabitants, while four years ago it had 672,000. This rate of gain may look discouragingly moderate to some, but it his far better than losing ground like Iowa. South Carolina has forged ahead, but not so rapidly as Oregon. Her increase has been a little over 20.000 a year. If we do not walk at the head of the procession, it is a comfort to learn that we are at least not bringing up the rear. Sta tistics concerning the growth of cities are also given in this bulletin, which, If anybody cares to know, may be ob tained by writing to Director Harris, of the Census Bureau. New York City, in which we are all interested, now has more than 5,250.000 people. Portland has gained 53,000 inhabi tants in the last four years. SENATOR BURTON'S REAL AIM. Senator Burton's argument against the present piecemeal, logrolling method of making river and harbor appropriations Is being twisted by some foes of waterway improvement into an argument tnat inland water transportation is obsolete. The En gineering News, for example, com menting on Mr. Burton's speech, writes of the Nation as continu ing "calmly to pour out millions a year into pools and ditches to per petuate obsolete systems of trans portation and benefit a traffic which has disappeared." True, traffic on the rivers has greatly diminished, though It has not disappeared, but water transportation is not obsolete, or Germany would not continue to carry a great proportion of her traffic on the rivers. It has di minished In the United States because we have permitted the railroads to throttle It; also because river vessels and wharves have passed out of date and because the menace of destruc tive railroad competition discourages investment of capital in bringing them up to date. Piecemeal Improvement of many rivers, good and bad, simul taneously has also prevented complete Improvement of any one. Money which should have been concentrated on a few large projects, such as the Mississippi. Missouri, Ohio, Colum bia, has been scattered among a large number in order to satisfy the de mands of cormorant Congressmen and Induce them to vote any money at all for the large projects. We have permitted water transportation to become the victim of the railroads on the one hand and of politics on the other hand. Because it has shrunk under such maltreatment some men nay it has been proved to be obsolete. Its survival, even In diminished vol ume, under such treatment is the strongest testimony to what it might become under falr'treatment. Mr. Burton Is contending not for abandonment of river improvement, but for an entire change of system, or rather for the adoption of an eco nomical, scientific, intelligent system such as the people will approve, in place "f the present no-system. He realizes that river and harbor appro priations have been brought into such disrepute by pork-barrel methods that the pressure of public opinion may cause their entire abandonment with out discriminating between good and bad projects. He recognizes that many projects are good, and he would have the public money spent on them, so that they may be prosecuted con tinuously, diligently and economically. Thar would then be finished within the lifetime of those who saw their beginning, and the benefit of the ex penditure would not be restricted to the contractors and their employes. A main stream would be Improved be fore the branch streams were touched, whereas we now improve a small trib utary to no purpose because It has no outlet into a main navigable channel. Communltiea interested in a great river like the Columbia have nothing KMOKCE ARBITRATION AWARDS. Charges of bad faith on the part of railroads, consisting of failure to car ry out the terms of awards made by arbitration boards under the New lands act. are so circumstantial that they cannot be ignored by the public in considering the present refusal of englnemen on the Western roads to submit their disputes to arbitration. It was understood that the law mad arbitration agreements and awards matters of court record, enforceable by the Federal courts as are private contracts. From the history of the attempted withdrawal of the Clover Leaf road from an arbitration agree ment, it appears that, in such a case, the union has the alternative of bring ing suit and entering upon prolonged litigation or of ordering a strike to enforce the award. When a labor dispute has been made the subject of arbitration under the law. faithful compliance with the award should be more than a moral obligation on both parties. The award should have all the force of a decree of court, and any of the parties af fected should be subject to punish ment for contempt of court, should they fail to apply it. An award hav ing once been made, the whole power of the Government should be behind it and the Attorney-General and his subordinates should set the courts in motion for its prompt enforcement. Since the commissioner of mediation seems to be in doubt how far he can go in imposing Vobedience to awards, an amendment to the law. so as to remove all doubt and to hold all par ties to a prompt observance of all terms of their agreements, is in order. The public interest Is paramount in matters of transportation. That in terest requires that no disputes shall Interrupt railroad operation. In or der that justice may prevail between railroads and employes without Inter ruption of trafic by strikes, the public interest demands that the Govern ment step in to adjust disputes. Ar bitration Is the best means of adjust ment, and public interest demands that awards be observed by both par ties. Whichever party to a railroad labor dispute Impairs confidence in the means Congress has provided for Its adjustment without a strike is even more culpable than if that party had provoked a strike before resort was had to arbitration. He is bring ing about the very evil which the law was designed to prevent and is de stroying the efficacy of the preventive means which the law has adopted. GROWTH OF POPULATION. The Federal Department of Com merce has published a bulletin which gives a detailed account of the growth of population in the United States for the last four years. It revises the sta tistics of the last census which was taken in 1910. During the four years between 1910 and 1914 the population of the whole country has increased from 101.700,000 to 109.000,000. The gain has therefore been somewhat more than 7,000,000, but It has been very unequally distributed among the various states. One of them, Iowa, has actually lost population, a process with which it has become fairly fa- be comparison DECREASING ILLITERACY. There are well-grounded apprehen sions that the influx of foreigners into the United States may dangerously raise our percentage of illiteracy. Many of the recent immigrants hail from portions of the world where popular education is not encouraged. They are often herded apart by their misguided leaders and kept away from the. Influence of the common school and the American newspaper which would transform and elevate their ideals. Under such unpatriotic conditions immigrants often remain for years as illiterate as they were when they arrived and their children miss many opportunities which right fully belong to them in a land of re publican Institutions. But in spite of facts of this nature there seems to be a steady decline of illiteracy in the United Strftes. In 1910 illiterates made up only about 8 per cent of the population. Compared with the figure for 1SS0, this is en couraginc. In that year illiterates composed 19.6 per cent, or almost one in five of the population. The present showing is about one illiterate for every fourteen persons, which is not bad when we consider the obstacles which the public schools have to sur mount before they can exert their enlightening influence upon incoming foreigners. The negroes also raise our percent age of illiteracy, but not so much as formerly. As a class they are eager to go to school when they have an opportunity. Those in the Northern states are probably as well educated as the whites of their own economic class. Some of the Southern commu nities still frown upon schools for the negroes, but this suicidal policy is gradually losing ground. South Caro lina is perhaps the last state which actively opposes negro education. In 1870 (he common schools en rolled only about 18 per cent of the whole population and a little more than half the school population. They had Improved upon this condition somewhat in 1910. There were then enrolled about 19 per cent of the whole population and 73 per cent of the children of school age. These latter figures, while they are agreeable from the standpoint of education, do not look quite so bright from that of race survival. They show that since 1870 the adult population has increased far more rapidly than children. the lartre states on two houses with a pro portionate vote in each. As a compromise the lars-e-state Dlan was followed so far as to erect two houses, but with a proportion ate vote In the lower only; the smaller states were placated by an equality of representa tion in the Senate, but with permission to the Senators to vote separately, not by stales. . . The Senate, therefore, whose conception has received warmer admiration than that of any other reature in tne con stitution, owes its existence, in its present form, entirely to an unwilling compromise of the conflicting demands of the large and the small states. But how the Senate originated is a matter of small consequence. No one can honestly contend that either na tional or state Senate is representative of aristocracy. For the Nation it serves not only as a guard against com plete domination by the large states over the small, but as a balance wheel to legislation. In the latter re spect it has served a valued purpose in the state. It is an essential imple ment to orderly government. WHY A SENATE. miliar since emigration to Canada reached startling proportions. A great many farmers sell out their Iowa land at high prices and go to Canada, where they can buy large tracts for comparatively little money. In that favored region they expect to repeat the experience which they have en joyed in Iowa during the last quarter century. They will Improve their new farms, raise crops as long as the soil will produce them without fertilizers and then sell out again. If their plans succeed they will thus reap two fortunes from "unearned increment," though It must be confessed that a man who opens up a farm and im proves it probably earns all he ever gets for it in the market. Some of the Iowa farms which thus leave the hands of old-fashioned Americans pass into the possession of foreigners who do not know Eng lish and who do not desire to learn it. In this way non-English-speaking colonies have been gradually built up not only in Iowa, but also In the neighboring states of Minnesota, Da kota and Wisconsin. Other Iowa farms have been bought up by large corporations which either hold them for a rise in value or go into the busi ness of producing grain on a large scale. It Is by the merging of small farms into large ones that the de crease of population has been mainly caused. Parallel with it has gone an increase of tenant farming which ap pears disquieting to many patriotic observers. It has always been the pride of America that each farmer owned his land, but recent statistics seem to show that this happy condi- The statement by Mr. U'Ren today concerning the composition of the Norwegian parliament is not disputed by The Oregonian. In essence Norway has the bi-cameral system. The method of electing the two houses differs from ours in that there a single chamber is first chosen and that chamber there after elects the upper house from Its own membership. The issue in Ore gon Is not the method of choosing the members of the Senate, but the ex istence of the Senate in any form. But were the composition of the Norwegian Parliament otherwise, v)e still might dispose of it as an Oregon guidance, as has Mr. U'Ren disposed of the bi-cameral system in our own Congress. He says in the state pam phlet argument: "Even if two houses are better for Congress, it does not follow that they are fr the state; because the state la more like a city than It is like a nation." If the com position of our own National Legisla ture has no bearing on the amendment to abolish the Oregon Senate, surely the composition of another nation's Legislature is equally unworthy of con sideration. Here we have the assertion that a state is little like a nation and therefore should not be guided by the governmental forms of a nation that has the bi-cameral system; that on the other hand, a nation which Is Inaccu rately said to have the uni-cameral system should be taken for a state model. Mr. U'Ren's logic needs tinkering. But The Oregonian does not accept the premise that a state is more like a city than like a nation. The state government, like the national, Is di vided Into three branches. The city government is not; at least, in the city much of the executive function is com bined with the legislative In the same officials. Scope of territory and di versity of interests are in the state similar to those of the Nation, but in smaller proportion. There can hardly in these respects be- The question: What is a gentle man? has been answered by the Brit ish workingmen's insurance act with the statement that a man who earns more than 160 (21800) a year and does no manual labor Is a gentleman. The Liverpool Steamship Owners' As sociation has encountered a difficulty in applying this definition to the men on board ship. It would class as gen tlemen the captain, mate, second of ficer and all the engineers down to and including the sixth, but would exclude the seventh engineer because he does some manual work. This dis tinction might cause trouble in the messroom and Mr. Lloyd-George has been asked for a new ruling to over come the difficulty. Mr. Lloyd-George has said so many harsh things of those who especially pride themselves on being gentlemen that they would not accept him as authority. The twenty Democratic Representa tives from New York State have been marshaled by their leader, Mr. Fitz gerald, to march on the White House and inquire what is to become of them if the antl-organlzatlon campaign Is to be kept up by President Wilson's lieutenants. They are Ignored in the distribution of patronage and may, in consequence, be missing in the next Congress when the President needs votes to carry out his programme. They may teach him that there is a close relation between his ideals and their practical politics. The Lincoln Highway, If it is eve built, will be a smooth, hard-surface road running in easy grades from ocean to ocean. The originators of the project were women, Mrs. Philip N. Moore, of St. Louis, and Mrs. Em mons Crocker, of Fitchburg, Mass The great highway is as yet only a lovely dream, but when it is finished a statue of one of the women should stand at each of its termini. The United States Navy has a fly ing machine at Pensacola in which a Sperry stabilizer is to be installed. This new Invention won a prize of $10,000 from the French War Depart ment on July 18 In a competition at Paris. It is a small gyroscope so In geniously constructed that it compels an alrsnip in wnicn it is installed to move without dangerous swaying and shifting. A bibliophile has just paid 21000 for a copy of the first edition of "Alice in Wonderland." The price is high, but Lewis Carroll's masterpiece has become a great classic and copies of the first edition will never again be cheap. The Alice books are chil dren's nonsense tales on the surface, but within they are mines of satirical wit, philosophy and social criticism. One of the wholesome rules of equity is that a suitor seeking relief must come "with clean hands." He cannot ask for the annulment of a law against frauds, for example, If he Is a fraud himself. It may have been this rule which the Federal Court applied to the action of the National Mercantilo Company against the Ore gon blue sky law. France mixes women and politics without giving women votes. In the United States women are not any deeper in the political game where they have votes. During the bicycle craze years ago it was said commonly that reckless riders would kill themselves. The same holds good today with the mo torcyclist. NON-PARTISAN FRAUD TO FORE. Bull Moose Charged with Trying Dla rredltrd Democratic Scheme. PORTLAND, July 24. To the Editor.) Mr. C. B. Moores seemed to be very successful in stirring up the Bull Moose state chairman, so I will give him. another prod. Cf course the Bull Moose is In a very different situation this year. He is easily irritated. His is almost a perennial party. The sun is not shining bright for his party, and he does not see clearly; he is con fused; he has a Republican platform, but affiliates with the Democratic party. The article by Mr. T. B. Neu hausen was nothing but a rehash of what we read in the Portland Journal, which every evening or so speaks of an assembly. Each is in a spasm, and the reason is they are wise enough to know if the Republican party were as completely organized as they are if it held secret assemblies to plan the campaign, and were to unite upon a candidate they would be hopelessly defeated. So the coming campaign will be the same old dishonest harp of vot ing for the man. From reading Mr. Neuhausen's let ter one would gather the Idea that Progressives by the thousand swore to a falsehood when they registered, for he labors hard to make us think that Bill Hanley is in the race with only a little over 6000 registered votes be hind him. Mr. Neuhausen intimates that the Progressives registered as Republicans, if true it then follows that they are resorting to that dis honorable and corrupt practice of the Oregon Democrats in registering as Tteimhllcans for the primary, with in tent to slaughter the Republican nom inees. But such conduct or methods cannot be successful In more than couule of campaigns. The Bull Moose nartv is red hot after every registered voter to "vote for the man." You never saw a person out soliciting "votes for the man" but every vote thus secured was airainst the Republican candidate But can you blame them for being alarmed? They know the Republicans are intensely Interested in fighting the battles for the common people and the wage earner, and simply because tney suffered defeat once they are not dis- Thev will buckle on the armor and wage a battlo that their po litical enemies know they are capable of waging. They do not resort to ais honest registration, or charge oppo nents with being owned by Wall street, but wage a battle against the tneories and impractical platitudes or our pro fessor President and tne uemocratic party a battle that will be crowned by success, one that our forefathers would be proud of, a battle against dishonest and corrupt practices, against free trade and Its depressing results, against English dictation of the opera tion of the Panama Canal, against spineless diplomacy. against , every theory that obstructs the path to suc cess and prosperity. C. B. LA FOLLETTE. There is a cheering message in the news that the big sawmill plant de stroyed at Kalama will be rebuilt at once. The mobility of Carranza's govern ment suggests that he may have en listed the services of a circus manager. The Western Trl-State League was made of good bushers who played good ball while they lasted. tween city and state. The Nation's authorlts" in some particulars is su preme over that of the state; the state In turn has supreme authority in crim inal legislation over the city; there is no political unit smaller than the city which has a government of Its own. All these things make for a diver sity and importance In state legisla tion not found In city legislation. The check of two legislative bodies delib erating on the same subjects is far more essential In the state than In the city. Nor do we admit the truth of Mr. U'Ren's statement that "the United States Senate is universally admitted to have been copied from the English House of Lords." The Senate differs in that it has no life members, no hereditary member ship, no representation accorded any church, and there is no appointive power that can increase its numbers. Because it was of later origin the United States Congress may be said to have been adapted from the English bi-cameral system, but it is no more accurate to say that the Senate is an imitation of the House of Lords than it Is to assert that the House of Rep resentatives was copied from the House of Commons. We are now quoting Alexander Johnston: The formation of the House of Representa tives, in which membership was assigned to the states in proportion to their population, was directly due to the dissatisfaction of the large states, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and Vlrcinla. with the equal vote enjoyed by all states, large or small. In the Congress of the confederation. The small states In sisted on a single House of Congress with an equal state vote, as under the confederation; It will seem odd to free and Inde pendent Portlanders to "walk the chalk" at street crossings. Lucky Kansas, with a big crop of wheat to sell foreign. Oregon, too, will have a few cargoes. Germany is the Nation that cannot, afford war, and Emperor William must be the peacemaker. The Irish are Iongsuffering. The killing at Dublin Sunday is another notch on the stick. - Combination of the sawyers to regulate prices means that Winter is coming. Greece wants the opportunity to show what she can do with real battleships. STATE NOT MUCH LIKE NATION Therefore Copy Some Natlonnt Govern ment Other Than Ours. OREGON CITY, Or., July 26 (To the Editor.) A few days ago you stated in an editorial against the aboli tion of the Senate that Norway has two legislative houses and referred to any standard encyclopedia for proof. The authority for our statement that Norway has had but one house for a hundred years, as set forth in the ar gument we filed with the Secretary of State, is a pamphlet issued by the reference department of the Kansas State Library last January. The ref erence department quotes Harold Spender In the Contemporary Review, arguing against the House of Lords in England, as follows: Now, It is observable that the defenders of the House of Lords never talk about Nor way, though It Is Just as Interesting a country a Costa Rica. Norway Is not a South American Republic, but a European sovereign state. It is governed by a single chamber and has been goverened In that m-..- .t since 1814. That single cham ber Ik the Storthing, elected now by univer sal adult suffrage, including both men and wnmon it.avlnz been selected, tne Bionn- Inir divides tie f nti) two pnrts ami Hnn by subdivision a second chamber within l.'.alf Thai Mi.amher is called the Lattthlng and has powers of revision or amendment over all bills brought nerore tne omer nii ..t v. j.rtrthlntr thereafter known as m ndl.ihlni.- When there Is any uiiirrence ui opinion the two halves of the storming meei together ana tne auierence i ucviu--w common vote. Your statement that the Oregon Sen ate is not an Imitation of the English House of Lords Is accurate in a quib bling sense. The United States Henate is universally admitted to have been copied from the English House of Lords, and the Oregon State Senate would, therefore, be a copy once removed. The states that nbandoned the one- house legislature did so in copying the plan of the Federal Government. Nearly all the cities of the Union copied the same features In their city government. It Is true now that nearly all of the cities have abolished one nouse or chamber of their city legislative body. A state is much more like a city than it is like a nation.. Many of these cities have a population far greater than the State of Oregon. Why have the cities abolished one house? W. 8. U'REN. Another Discrimination. PORTLAND, July 27. (To the Ed itor.) Pursuant to the popular pastime of criticising the Inconsistences, fail ures and shortcomings of our City Commission I hasten "to take my pen in hand" to comment on the Inconsis tency of our department of public works In taxing the humble curb gas oline filling stations in the suburbs and overlooking entirely the hundreds of thousands of square feet of valuable basement space under the sidewalks and curbs in the business district now being monopolized by wealthy prop erty-owners. Why is this? R E. SCHLOTH. INFLUENCE LIVES FOR CE.NTl'HIF.S Inspiration of Brace's Qualities Re called by Battle Anniversary. PORTLAND, July 26. (To the Editor.) Six hundred years ago a great victory was won for the cause of freedom and the people of Scotland, when their Intrepid leader, Bobert Bruce, and his sturdy followers de feated King Edward II of England with his vastly superior forces, in tha last attempt to force a union of the two countries, or to compel the Scotch to submit to the laws and dictates ot the English government. The anniversary, therefore, of this decisive battle, which was won on the 24th day of June. A. D. 1314, will be a date and an event never to be for gotten, and the name of Robert Bruce will ever be remembered by the loyal Scotch, whose bands are wont to play the old patriotic air Scots wha hae ml' Wallace bled'. 6cots wha Bruce hath often led! The details of this event show the ability and resourcefulness of thl great leader, who had been a student In the art of warfare under the great and noble Wallace, whose betrayal Into the hands of his enemies by the Count ess of Strathearn. In a spirit of re venge for his refusalw.o reciprocate her offetof unlawful affection, had caused him to be legally murdered, under due form of law, at London. Wallace body had been recovered, and by a co Incidence was brought here on the eve of this great battle by Gilbert Hambls chn, a former officer under King Ed ward, but who had renounced his fealty to him and had come to pledge his loyalty and support to Bruce. On this very day on the field of battle there stood the sable hearse of Wallace un der the royal banner with standard struck deep Into the native rock and waving Its blood-red volumes over his sucred head. The details also show to wiiat extent great minds may be influenced and inspired by the valiant deedH of others. Bruce said, pointing to the bier. "By that heaven-sent palladium of our free dom we must this day stand or fall! He who deserts it murders William Wallace anew!" At. this declaration of their leader the chiefs of each divis ion assembled around the hallowed spot, and, laying their hands on the pall, swore to become as lifeless as their dauntless Wallace rather than yield the ground which he had rendered doubly precious by having made It the scene of his Invincible deeds. The vow spread to the surrounding legions, and was echoed with mingled cries Rnd acclamations from the farthest ranks. "My leader In death as in life!" ex claimed Bruce, clasping his friend's sable shroud to his heart. "Thy pale corpse shall again redeem the country which cast the living amongst devour ing Hons. Its presence shall fight and conquer for thy friend and king." By daybreak the whole ot King Ed ward's army came In view and during the colm that preceded the great bat tle Bishop Dunkeld passed in front of the Scottish lines barefoot with cru cifix In hand and exhorted them by every sacred hope to fight with an un receding step for their rights, their King and tho corpse of William Wal lace. The solemnity of these com bined events had such an effect upon the Scots that they with one accord fell upon their knees to confirm their resolution with a vow. The sudden humiliation of their posture excited an Instant triumph In the haughty mind of Edward, and, spurring forward, he shouted aloud, "They yield! They cry for mercy!" and ordered his men to charge, with the hope of overwhelm ing the Scots before they could arise from their knees. But they met a dif ferent destiny. They found destruc tion amid the trenches and on the spikes In the way. and with broken ranks and fearful confusion fled or fell under the missive weapons which poured on them from a neighboring hill. Bruce seised the moment of con fusion and, bringing his reserves for ward, the battle In the center became close, obstinate and decisive. Many fell before tho determined arm of the youthful King, but King Edward, hav ing been wounded, hla followers be came panic-stricken, and, throwing down their arms, fled in great confu sion, and their camp, with all Its rich ness, fell Into the hands of Bruce. The story of the buttle of Bnnnock burn. while Interesting from an histor ical standpoint, not only shows Robert Bruce a hero, who was possessed of great qualities as a military and legis lative leader, which alone would en dear him to the Scots in his day, but he la shown to have possessed addi tional qualities which should endear him to the people of all nations und of all times. They are expressed In his loyalty of purpose, his sincere reli gious nature and his kindly interest in the welfare of his fellow-men. and, as has been said by the poets and writers of his time, the dominant note of his life was freedom, the liberty of the na tion from foreign bondage and the In dividual from oppression. Thus we find In the life of this great leader qualities so good that his vir tues have lived and are an Inspiration to the succeeding generations after the lupse of 600 years. CHESTER HOPKINS. Twenty-Five Year Ago From The Oregonian of July I, HIV. Washington, July 27. The Commis sioner of Indian Affairs has received a telegram from R. A. N. Harvey, chair man of a citizen' committee, through Indian Agent Cole at the Colvtll Agency. Stevens County. Washington Territory, saying the Indians attached to Colvllle burnt eight square miles of hay land and threaten the Urea of set tlers. n:iu f whom are guarding their dwellings and hay stack. The settlsrs have signed a petition requesting that a company of soldiers be cut London. July 27 Princess Louise, eldest daughter of the Prince of Wale, was married at noon to ths Karl of Fife. The Oregon Press Association will meet at Newport on Yaqulna Bay, Aug ust 23 and 24, to devise some means io deal with foreign advertising We have some sp low rare-ripe pear Pearcy, of Pearcy'a of the Willamette, for alse ami flavor. clmens of ths c: grown by 1. D. land, at tha mouth ilch are unexcelled George Himlltnn. of the Fan Joss restaurant, yesterday returned from a day's hunting about eight miles from East Portland. havlnic baggaat If pheasants, !! grouse and a few quail. Judge Thomas Nelson, on of ths territorial Justices of Oregon from lsM to 1103. who visited the city within the past few days, found that many great changes had taken place hereabouts since he departed for New York 3 years ago. Miss Mattie Colgrove left for Pendle. ton last night to arcept the position of teacher of the boarding school on the Umatilla Indian reservation. J. N. Bristol, the well-known grocsr. Is again able to be out after a very se vere attack of typhoid fever. Mrs. L. Pale Trice, the artlat. left Thursday for San Francisco. George and Albert Weed, agsd re spectively 1( and 12 years, were drowned yesterday while swimming In the Willamette near the old water works at the foot of Lincoln atreet. Mr. and Mrs. W. W. McGwire returned from their wedding tour in California John H. Hall has returned from Wll holt Springs. The races at Riverside track were won by Arthur Wilson's Cereal, A. J. Magoon's Lodt Maid and Mayor De Lashmutt's Blondle. Kola Joplln, the 7-year-old child of F. Joplin, a grocer, of ill South First street, was burned to death yesterday through starting a firs with coal oil. Half a Century Ago ALLITERATIVE POEM l RECALLED McKlniey and Bryan. LA CENTER, Wash., July 26. (To the Editor.) Who got the largest popular vote. McKlniey or Bryan, at the time McKlniey was elected? McKlniey had a plurality In 1896 of 601,854; In 1900 a plurality of 849,790. Yodel of the Swiss Admiral By Dean Collins. Did you make a right-angle turn in getting out of bed this morning? Watch street. Now's navy. Jay Walker get across the the chance for the Swiss Texas prefers to "irrigate." Condemnation of Property. PORTLAND, July 27. (To the Ed itor) Has the city the right to con demn any block or parcel of property it wants and pay what it considers an equitable price? My neighbor contends the owners can't be forced to sell unless they get the figure they hold the same at. CONSTANT READER. The city has the right to condemn private property for certain public uses when the value cannot be agreed upon by city and owner. Proceedings are instituted in court and the value Is established by a jury. The price thus fixed is binding. (Secretary Bryan included Switzer land, which has no navy. In the Invi tation to participate In the naval pageant at the opening of the Panama Canal. News Item.) Hl-lee! Hl-lo! I've served a term As a bell-hop bold for a hotel firm That gathers the poor financial scalps Of tourists traveling to tho Alps, And I gathered those scalps so dex terously That now I am a ruler In the Swiss Naves. Old British Nelson perhaps was great, And many another. I could state, Has sought for glory, and not in vain, Upon the waves of the heaving main, But seldom. If ever, a man may see An Admiral of the Swiss Navee. So trim your sails to the Alpine breeze. And hail me now as the whole Swiss cheese, And let a suitable place be made For me In the Panama parade. And dig up a suitable ship for me, The Admiral of the Swiss Navee, Now in what ship shall I ride In state In the big parade through that ocean gate? Oh, William J., since you did Invite, Truly, in courtesy, you might Charter your "Piffle" craft for me. To bear the Hope of the Swiss Naves. Threatened Knropeio War Revive In terest In Old Verses. PORTLAND, July 27. (To the Ed itor.) In view of the serious political outlook pending between Austria and Servla. and the removal of the King and government of the latter from Bel grade, the capital, to Kraguyevats, where there is an arsenal and arms and ammunition factory, the student's attention la recalled to that famous al literative poem so popular among schoolboy Reclaimer some three or four decades ago. This poem, while being a classic in its kind, is also true historically: hence its reproduction at this time Is quit permissible. To those who have never rea the poem. It will be a treat, while such as once knew It but have since forgotten It will be pleased to have their memories re freshed by Its dashing metre; while to all It should prove Interesting as they watch the development of this stirring situation which threatens to Involve the whole of the European powers. The Siege or Belgrade. An Austrian army, awfully arrayed. Boldly, by battery, besieged Belgrade. Cossack commanders cannonading oomt. Dealing destruction, devastating doom. Every endeavor, engineers essay For fame, for fortune fighting furious fray. Generals 'gainst Oenerals grapple. Oraclous God! How heaven honors heroic hardihood! Infuriate. Indiscriminate, ia 111, Kinsmen kill kindred, kindred kinsmen kill: Labor low levels longest. loftiest Hoes, Men march mid mounds, mid moles, mid murderous mines. Now noisy, noxious numbers notice nought Of outward obstacles opposing ought. Poor patriots! Partly purchased, partly presstd. Quite quaking, quickly quarter quarter quest. Reason returns, religious right redounds, Suwarrow stops sad, sanguinary sounds. Truce to the Turkey, triumph to thy train. Unwise, unjust, unmerciful Ukraine! Vanish vain victory, vanish victory vain! Why wish we warfare? Wherefore welcome were Xerxes, Xlmlnes. Xanthus, Xavier? Yield, yield, ye youths! Te yoemen yield your yen: Zeno, Zamphates, Zoroaster's seal, Attracting all arms against acts appeal. This poem contains but 26 lines. Also that each word In each line be gins with the same letter, and the whole completes the alphabet of 26 letters. The letter "J" Is the only omission: while the first and last lines are both framed with words beginning with letter "a," C. R. LITTLE. Krom The Oregonian of July SI. 1S4. Camp No. 49. Schlre's River. Oregon. July . Editor Oregonian: Here w are in the middle of July and In the very heart of an Indian country, and no fight has yet occurred to vary tho monotony of our utmost Incessant marching. Thn wagon train arrived on June 15. and on the lfth Captain Curry moved up Glhha dock 16 miles In the evening Captain R. and his company came up and Joined th com mand, when for the first tune since the expedition started It whs all together. Tho 17th was commemorated In up propriut stylo. During ihe day the farriers and blacksmith made th u ring with their Incessant clatter, re pairing the wear and tear of wagons und horses' feet, und at night the pa triotic I'ms-bow-lltx gave a ball In the shape of a scalp dance, Hla war riors, who were with Captain 0 when the party of Snakes were killed, se cured three scalps, over which It Is their delight to whoop and howl. Soger Boy. Aurora. N. T.. July 2. A party of ladles and gentlemen who left her at noon yesterday In a four-hors wagon met with a fearful accident about 12 miles from this city. They war about crossing a ravin when a waterspout burst on the mountains and camn down upon them, sweeping them be fore It. A Mrs. Medbury and Mrs. (Hen with thren children were drowned Their bodies have been recovered and brought to th city. Th gentlemen, four In number, were saved, but badly bruised. The four horses were drowned und the wagon dushed into stums. San Francisco, July 27. C. L. Wllr. x -postmaster of San Francisco and president of the Democratic atats ren tral committee, was rreatd on Hon day evening by the provost guard on an alleged barge of uttering treason- i able language against the Government In a public addreas. He waa taksn to Alcatraz. The Salem Statesman has th fol lowing: A drove of 400 cattle passed through town on Monday, bound for the north. Numerous droves have passed along the mountain mad east Numbers of aheep are being brought Into the upper part of th Valley from California. J. C. Grubbs, a resident of Bnton County and one of last yesr's gradu ates from Willamette University, left for the East on tho last steamer for the purpose of Joining the National Army. The profits of th Ladles' Sanitary Aid Society from their Ice cream and floral festivals of Friday and Tues day evenings wer 1314.70. Yesterday, though uncomfortably hot. waa not without Its shady spots and pleasant retreats. The typos In the office voted it quite hot until who hould darken our door but A, Berg man, the celebrated confection and Ice cream artist, who mad a pretty how and deposited u generous collection of Ice cream and caka for th boys. who were soon In a melting mood. H. Jonai, of Jones' Dallea 4k Canyon City Express, leavea this morning with a large amount of express matter for the above places. Mr. Jones had sev eral narrow escapes with his llf from the Snak Indians In tha last few month, but h ia too wids-awak for the red devils. The woods In the vicinity of Portland abound with large flocks of wild pig eons, O. 3. Vunslyko yesterday shut three dosen In hair an hour within two miles of tho city. Mr. Welnhard's Infant daughter fell yesterday from the door of the second story of his dwelling to the porch be neath, bruising herself badly. Drs. GUaan and Elwert are In attendance. Battle of Tongue. The Club Fellow. Wife In a battle of tongues woman can always hold her own. Husband But she never does. Saving Friction Any means of saving friction makes for energy and power. National manufacturers are turn ing more and more towards news paper advertising bacauae It elim inate waste motion In distribution. They find the nwapaper not only reaches th consumer but It directly Influences the local dealer. Th retailer knows when h sa an advertisement In his hnm paper that there will he Inquiries at his store. He arts accordingly and all fric tion Is eliminated from ths pre of distribution.