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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 9, 1914)
TIIE MORNING OREGONIAN, THURSDAY. JULY 9, 1914. 8 POBTLA-XD, OREGON. Intered at Portland. Oregon. Postoffice Second-class matter. , . , . Subscription Katee Invariably la Advance. BT MAIM Pally. Sunday Included, one year Dally, Sunday Included, six months .. Dally. Sunday Included, three montna.. Dally, Sunday Included, one month ... . Ti.iiv wiihmit finnHNw on year ...... w.w Daily, without Sunday, six months ... 8.2S Dally, without Sunday, three month.., Deliy. without Sunday, ona month .... v emiy, one year - gM CnH a u' n.4 U'a.Vlv nno TAAJP 8.30 my carrier) . , .. to no .uaiiy; eunaay mciuaea. uu j c. Dally. Sunday Included, one month now to Jtemii sena ru.iuiiiL. der. express order or pereonal check on your . c . - .urr.nrv Are at sender's risk. Give postoffice addreaa In lull inriuamg counTy ana , . Postage Katee 12 to 18 tagea. 1 cent. 18 TO 43 pagea. 2 cenia; -w o , 60 to e pages, 4 cents; e3 to 1 8 Pages. cents; 78 to 82 pages. 6 cents. Foreign post' age. double rates. . Eastern Business Office Verree Co Jin, New York. Brunswick; building. Chi cago. Steger building. , ,, ban Francisco Office R, J. Bldwell Co. T41 Market street. POKTLANT, THURSDAY, JULY , MU. WOMFTW TV EDUCATION. In recent years the principal ob stacle to the progress or woman sui frage has been the opposition of women themselves. In certain quar ters this opposition will never grow less because It is based upon pure prejudice and Is therefore Inaccessible to reason. In other quarters It Is steadily diminishing. This 13 dem onstrated by the recent action of the National Federation of Woman's Clubs, which declared its moral ap proval of votes for women. The atti tude of the National Educational As sociation looks In the same direction. The resolutions committee of tljat in fluential body has pronounced in favor of suffrage and we may take it for granted that the entire associa tion will follow suit. The teachers of the country are too conscientious avnd Intelligent to reject a resolution so manifestly Just With the more weighty objections of women oppon ents cleared away, there is no appar ent reason why suffrage should not gain ground as rapidly In the East during the next few years as It has In the West within our recollection. There is probably a safe majority of men in every Northern state who would vote for woman suffrage at the first opportunity if they were con vinced that the sex as a whole wanted It. But the vote would not be unan imous by any means. Many men are etill ruled by old catch phrases, which preoccupy their minds and prevent them from thinking intelligently on the question of suffrage. "Man Is the natural representative of both sexes. Woman's sphere is the home" and similar formulas still have power over a great many masculine brains. No sensible suffragist thinks of denying that woman's sphere is the home, but they all insist that she should have ample power in the political world to protect her sphere. Modern science has convinced all who read the papers that "the home" is open to insidious attack from a thousand outside sources. Impure food, contaminated milk, infectious diseases, overwork for mothers, child labor, starvation wages, commercial vice, poor schools, all threaten the stability of the fam ily and therefore Justly engage the H.ntinii r hnmekeening Women. As the warfare upon these evils be comes more concentrated, it grows clearer that they can only be eradi cated by political activity. Woman, the historical conservator of the fam ily, must vote in order to carry cm her biological functions under modern conditions. This consideration out weighs all the arguments, both ra tional and sentimental, that can be advanced against woman, suffrage and It Is rapidly making headway in un prejudiced minds. Nor must we over look the new claim of women to full recognition as human beings. They are no longer content to be treated as pets or toys. They refuse in these days . to receive overmuch protection. With energetic repugnance they re ject the romantic coddling which seemed so dear to their grandmoth ers and demand equal rights with men in the world of politics and Industry The National Educational Associa tion approves this demand at leastip the extent of recommending "equal pay for the same work." We never for our part have been able to under stand why a woman should not re ceive a man's pay when she does a man's work in the schoolroom or elsewhere. no, the rooB mxDtr. The Hindus who have been hovering off. British Columbia In a steamship these several weeks clamoring for ad mission to a land of new opportunity has finally abandoned the Idea and will return to the dull environs of In dia with its stale and ancient civiliza tion. There these Hindus can live as their fathers lived ; eke out a wretched existence on a small allotment of land, with barely enough to keep body and soul together. By some whim of fate one or more of them may find a way to better circumstances but if so he will be an exception to prove the rule. India, with its crowded millions and its stagnant civilization, is not a land of opportunity and plenty, except for the favored few. There is plenty of opportunity for exercise of their activities in British Columbia. Natural resources and in dustrial enterprises could make use or their energies. But there is an other phase of the matter. That is the wide difference In the character of Occidentals and Orientals. The two are the products of a widely divergent civilization. The Oriental wants but little here below in the fullest sense of that phrase. The Occidental wants more. Hence the Occidental, or at least the North American, is not able to compete with his Asiatic brother as a laborer, or even as a farmer. The Asiatic can exist, even flourish, upon an allowance of food that would bring starvation to the North American. He requires few accessories and no lux uries. In short he has a primitive sort of efficiency that his paler com petitor cannot approximate. The difference Is in the civilization under which the two have existed through the centuries. They belong to races of different standards In every essential of existence. Exper ience has shown that the Hindu will not adjust himself to Occidental ways. Nor will other Asiatics. He has the advantage of the lean existence of his fathers. What strikes the ' North American as a ruinous wage im presses the Oriental of the common class as the road to plenty. It may be rather a harsh rule that he shall not be permitted to forage in numbers In the gTeener tMia of American cl Tlllzatlon, but such a rule la lmper- ative to the continued well being of the races which now occupy and cul tivate these greener fields. SCARECROW POLITICS. It is greatly to be feared that the New York Democracy has not yet learned the true spirit ' of the direct primary. The leading New York rtowsnanor of the DartV. the World, perhaps without realizing its wicked ness, proposes that an assembly be held before the primary and that it discuss the matter of candidates and platform. But the New York direct primary law abolishing conventions, was adopted only last year and the voters may not yet have learned to cherish their political liberty untram meled by the advice of convention counsel. Oregon will look with some degree of pity on the newly freed citizens of New York, If the suggestion of the World' reflects public opinion. Like prisoners long confined, their new liberty dazzles and bewilders them. They know not which way to turn and the gloomy prison walls of the con vention system seem the only refuge. But there is the bare chance that the World, like a Democratic con temporary In Oregon which Is Indulg ing in long discussions of the con vention methods and assembly sins, may have some subtle political mo tive that can be read only by one versed in New York politics. A stran. ger in Oregon might assume that the assembly idea Is an Issue in Oregon tiox. tt a mlpht pvpn sret the im pression that Chinese exclusion Is a question in the minds of tne people. And the -a.mnaien Is yet young. No telling what will be unearthed from the cemetery of past pontics to ae We may yet hear nmethinr nf aholltlon and fiat money. Anything that might heckle opponents is serviceable to the local Democracy. They have started a scarecrow cam paign. So it may be in New York. But we are confident tnat tne World is in earnest. It clings to the nnnvcntlon not of course tne oia boss-ruled, delegate convention, but an advisory ante-primary assembly. Such being the case, let the Demo cratic self-constituted guardian of Oregon's political liberty point out to Its Democratic Drotner tne error ui lts way. It has a grand supply oi thunderfins suDerior to all others'. CAUGHT IX HIS OWN TRAP. Secretary Bryan's attempt to, "pass the buck" for the apology to Colom bia back to the Taft Administration ho. nn ovnosps gj unfounded by the very witness upon whom he relied. It will be remembered mat -oar. Bryan quoted a memorandum as the hid. nn nrhth Minister Dubois was authorized to negotiate, this memor andum Including the apology. mt nnKnia now states in an inter view with the New York Times that "no such expression was considered either by President Taft or by Secre tary Knox. He admits that he in cluded the apology in "an informal memorandum which I, upon my own Initiative, informally presented to the Colombian Government in order to fooi th nuian of that people, ana that he recommended it to Mr. Knox. The tatter's statement corroborates Mr. Dubois', for he says that Mr. uu bois "took it .upon himself" informally to suggest to the Colombians the terms mentioned In the memorandum. Being hopelessly trapped. Air. uryan now admits that he did not know whether Dubois had or had not been authorized to present the memoran dum to the Colombian Government. There is a sting in Mr. Knox's final statement that the negotiations came to an end because Colombia "seemed determined to treat with the incoming Democratic Administration." Evi dently the Colombians were close ob servers of American politics; they knew the flabby character of the diplomacy to be expected of Mr. Bryan, and they knew his readiness to believe anything to the discredit of his political opponents. Therefore they waited until they could deal with a man after their own heart. The Colombian treaty is the product of partisanship exalted above patriot ism. " . COMPARISON WORTH WHILE. "Although I am not a party man by any means." says a letter" writer in tv.o -Tv.iii-TiH.1 "I think our Presi dent has done better than either T?r.norlr or Taft. and possiDiy oet- ter than the editor of The Ore gonlan could do If he were Presi dent." Humiliating though it may be. It Is nr. p novel nor an exclusive opinion. Some six million voters In 1912 ex pressed preference for Mr. vviison oitvioi iu Taft or Colonel Roose velt, while fifteen million failed even to mention the editor or in gonian. So why not have a discussion that is worth while? We have at hand a innnr fi-nm the Braxton County Democrat, published at Sutton, West Virginia, which under aate oi oun 25 1914, contains a glowing an nouncement of the appearance of Governor West on the Chautauqua niotfnr-m Sneaking of the Governor of Oregon the Democrat says: "His appearance on the uncoin jnaumu in this city the night of the second day is an event which might be eclipsed among we puduc men of America, but probably could not be." c-manatlne- from a auannea autn- ority such as the Braxton County Democrat, this opinion of the emi nence of the Governor of Oregon must be conclusive. Thus it is set not no pcliDses Secretary of State Bryan, Senator La Follette, Senator Beverldge, rormer vice-r.-ont Poii-hiinks. as well as other pub lic men of America who appear on the Chautauqua platform. There are ,1-hn etill look viDon Mr. Bryan as a greater man than Mr. Wilson, but they must now aamn io " inferior to those of the Governor of Oregon. But there a-o. alar, some who believe Air. vu- son Is a greater man than Mr. Bryan. Tt cooma tn us mat me nnu.iuu County Democrat has opened the way for the loyal democracy of Ore- riohato a livelier auestlon than the one offered by the correspondent of the Journal. It is this: Has Mr. Wilson done better than Oswald West could do If he were President? As might have been expected, the inr.tnio r.f the censorship is to be extended from moving pictures to all theatrical performances, xnis is iog i i Thnrn 1 no reason why films should be censored and Hamlet over looked. If it is improper to show a stabbing scene on a film, it is im proper to show the fight between Hamlet and Laertes. It is the nature of censors to conquer all the territory they can. In Russia their authority la endured. In America It will pro voke a reaction before a great while, which will put an end to It. WILD BLACKBERRIES. Another bumper crop Is reported. It is that of wild blackberries in Ore gon. The crop Is so heavy and so general that delicious berries are found in abundance 'inside the city limits of Portland. Farther out tons of this fruit await only the gathering. Here is an opportunity to prune a few items from the high cost of living and at the same time provide whole some diversion for the whole family. What more delectable outing can be imagined for the city dweller than a day in the shady nooks of nearby forests and hills where the blackber ries fairly bend the bushes which carpet the earth in every direction? There is hardly a member of the fam ily too young or too old to enjoy the bounties of "blackberrying." For the child of 6 or 6 to harvest a gallon or more is nothing of a record. Aside from the pleasure of an out ing In the nearby districts where the blackberries thrive the profit Is not one to be sneered at. Wild black' berries can be made into the most toothsome of Jellies and preserves They provide a tempting dish when served fresh from the bushes. There Is no reason why a family may not lay by a goodly portion of the Win ter's supply of preserves and' Jellies from this gratuitous crop that Is one of Nature's countless bounties in Oregon. BROADER THAN HIS PARTY. President Wilson's defense of Paul M. Warbure and Thomas D. Jones against the inquisitorial methods of the Senate Committee, which is con siderinsr their appointment to the Federal Reserve Board, will meet the approval of every unbiased man. The Administration should not be. the foe of either big or little business as such; It should be hostile only to those de velopments of big busess which are contrary to law and. to the- public in terest. There Is no cause of conflict between the Government and big business and there is no excuse for discrimination between big and little business. The line must be drawn only between bad business, big or lit tle, and good business, big or little. This is very different from Colonel Roosevelt's distinction between good and bad trusts. All trusts are bad, for they are unlawful and monopol istic, but some of the worst are small, local combinations. The treatment accorded to Mr. Jones and Mr. Warburg is regrettable, for it discourages the -very type of men most needed at this Junc ture, from " entering the public service. Theuccessful Inauguration and operation of .the new regional banks require men of the highest ability in finance, provided no exten sive private Interests interfere to warp their Judgments and provided they have enough faith in the new system to work heartily for Its success. Mr. Warburg and Mr. Jones are such men. The former in particular was a cham pion of the new currency law when its fate was still in doubt and when the great majority of bankers were attacking it. Yet the Senate Com mittee puts upon them what they na turally consider a personal affront. Though three of the President's ap pointees have been confirmed with out personal examination as to their business relations, Mr. Warburg and Mr. Jones have been singled out for cross-questioning. These two gentle men are treated not as men who are willing to place themselves at the service of their country at salaries far below their possible earnings in pri vate business, but as men suspected of evil designs on the country. The committee is quite Justified in ascertaining whether the President's appointees have private interests which may conflict .with their public duties, but it would only be fair to an aiiko It mieht have sub jected all to personal examination as to their private interests wimuut in tense, but it has given three men a clean bill of health without much question, while it treated the other two as suspects. rnv,ia tnMriont is narticularly unfor tunate as obstructing that reconcilia tion with the tiovernmem to wmtu the President has invited big business. T ronrla tn rTin tlnue that estrangement between the Government and the best k,.anoaa drains of the country wmcn v.r.- fT-.iit In the anti-trust prosecu tions and the money trust investiga tion and which has deprived tne pud 11c of the services of the men best r,.iifiori tn load in legislation and ad. ministration affecting business. That was a condition wnicn senator nuui j i.,i annn nftor Mr. Wilson's elec tion and one Mr. Wilson sought to end by his message of . conciliation, inai message involved no surrender of . (io on th riart of the Govern ment, but it sought to make easy the way for submission to tne law on m nar-r nf ntsT business. Mr. Warburg grasped the olive branch thus held out by the fresiaeni, duu um oco.i practically snatcnea it away uum him. rr-ho. -Prosifl ent's statement snows i,t r. ho hrnndAr than his party and ia ovirionro of his sincere desire to ef fect that reconciliation of which we have spoken. He refuses to Deueve that all men engaged in big business a,-A riiahnnpst and uniiatriotic. He in sists that "the men who have tried to make big business what it ougnt. to be are the men to be encouraged and honored." He holds admiration for men who, like Mr. Jones ano mr. Warburg, are willing "to make per- ni nAritioA onH nut their (Treat ex perience and ability at the service of the Government," ana ne aecwrra should recoenlze abil ity and character wherever it has been displayed." Only political Di&uir and demagoglsm can dispute the soundness of the President's views. The spirit in which the benate com mittee is considering the appoint ments to the Federal Reserve Board furnishes the key to the President's rllRv in making them. He has evi dently been hampered by the neces sity of catering to the prejudices of some of his followers, in whom dis trust of men in big banks, particu larly New York banks, has become a monomania. Distraction of his atten tion by altruistic efforts to reform the universe may also partly explain the delay. Legislative ability and party disci pline must be placed to the credit of the Democratic party for making the currency bill law, but it has blundered sadly in preparing to put the law in operation. The organization commit tee treated the location of regional banks as political spoils, favoring the friends and slighting; th enemies of its members. The President, proba bly for the reasons already suggested, has been slow to appoint the board. Now that he has made his selections, the Senate's morbid suspicions delay confirmation and threaten to necessi tate new selections. Had due dili gence been used, the new currency system might have been in operation at the beginning of July and might have hastened that business revival for which we are all sighing and which comes so slowly. As things are going, we shall be fortunate If the new system Is in operation by Sep tember 1. It Is not cramps, but fright which drowns many swimmers, in the opin ion of Dr. Welzmiller, expressed to the West Side Y. M. C. A., of New York. His advice is not to give up when seized with cramps, but to resist until overcome. He says: When selze'd with cramp, swim without using the crampy limb, and, while swim ming, alternately draw up and stretch out the limb as far as possible, thus helping nature to overcome the condition. It the cramp becomes worse, turn over and float and exercise the cramped leg or anu as much as possible until the pain passes. This illustrates the truth that fear of danger is more fatal than danger itself. The man who in a "tight place" keeps a cool head and steady nerve will find a way to come out alive, but the man who gets "rattled" cannot think clearly, or act with de cision, and often loses his life in con sequence. He Is literally a victim of his fears. Henry Savage-Landor, Mr. Roose velt's venomous geographical critic, makes one fatal mistake. He thinks the -Colonel is a fool and wants the world to agree with him, which it will never do. Mr. Savage-Landor says, "Roosevelt first claims to have dis covered the river and then admits that he crossed it on a bridge spanned by telegraph wires." Who believes that "Toddv" would ever have made such a "break"? If he had lied about the river, he wouM have lied consist ently. But the mendacity seems to be elsewhere. The militant suffragettes are pro gressing. Their latest trick is to as sail the ears of the King through a megaphone, but tnis is merely n imi tative exnedient. As they grow wiser they will resort to wireless waves, whlr!b, no barriers can stop. When tk.iF annarntiM La perfected, the wretched King will be haunted in the watches of the night by suffragette shrieks, from which he can oniy es- oonA nv hpo.nmimr a militant nimseii We shall watch anxiously for his con version. Mlddauerh. Kansas City's new Justice of the peace, is as sour as a green grape. She expects to cure ri,.nirai-ria hv ticAW fines, unaware that the axe and the gibbet have been tried for that purpose ana nave loiwu. a little nistnrv in a wonderful mel lower of the mind, particularly where - -I. I n ,v Tn. native common sense ia ""-"""s-r.noon.o anil f .i natlclsm are both cruel. When they combine In one in dividual, the effects are apt. iu startling. t i no "mmceed or Derlsh" with the bold aviators who are planning n,, tho Atlantic. Ttiey ae- n taVA nfohfilts alonsr and say they will drown' if their airship is wrecked. This is tne proper i""u i'tro oitvioi- fours his fate too much or his desert is small, who fears to put it to the touch and win or lose it all." mv.. , fnm Wilbur. Wash.. who fell Into the hands of the spoil- th o n if rnn vi ena-iico ui uio paying teller that he did not lose all i tv.a nn-fitntfl man would iiia Hiuucj. better cut hU eye-teeth at home. The a. 1. V a motrn. operation is noi paim - v polls. that Wilson is ouu J- t- V10 "PrAfildoncv groomins mj" next tlme, we can't think of a better . . i TlnntiKllnan candidate rrom a purely nuuua- viewpoint. Tni rninnoi will not run for Gov ernor of New York. Discretion is the better part of valor in these days of the forlorn and aDanaonea uun ivauuch party. a fommia charm was rubbed on the keel of a new craft launched at Phila- rioinnla Some of us are stiu as sup erstitious as aborigines. Twnnroi windiis are eoing back to India and it is said mey wm tnnnhlA We shall next be hearing of the copper-colored perlL mv,.. oi-o th riava when the women of the household wear "most any thing" and little of that wnen tne menfolk are not arouna. The mere fact that the French loan of ,161,000,000 was forty times over subscribed is a very good argument for peace. The Oriental building is to be torn down. Anon the Lewis ana ciarn Fair will be but a fond memory. Vardaman would have the Govern- ment entertain at oan rranLuv a tub of liquor and a tin dipper. The Colonel "rested", two days in stead of four months. Even that must have proved trying. - General Funston has driven the buzzards out of Vera Cruz. But not out of Mexico. Portland is not ready for contin uous school, neither is the healthy schoolboy. " A new session of mediation was be ing talked of yesterday. Why renew that Joke? . The man who cannot swim would better keep out of the rowboat and canoe. ' Multnomah's tax money put the State Treasury on Easy street. Nature has stepped in where the Democrats couldn't tred. Oregon will get a full share of the 1916 Immigrant rush. "Probably showers" failed to ma terialize yesterday. What more beautiful than the Port land sweet pea? It's hard to stick at the desk these days. . Now for the) woods or beach. Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian of July 9, la We learn from the Victoria Colonist that an effort is being made, with r.f aniiMi tn establish a line of steamships between Vancouver Is land and Astoria, connecting wn. Portland through the ships of the California Steam Navigation Company's line. Success would advantage both Portland and Victoria. Colonel McLean. Deputy Provost Marshal and Major in the . regular Army, has resigned. Colonel T. C. English, of the W. T. volunteers, late In command at Walla Walla, has been ordered to the provost marahalshlp of this district. Major Rumrill will take command of the W. T. regiment In place of Colonel English. Albany, July B. The President In forms Governor Seymour that a rebel force estimated at 15.000 to 20.000 had invaded Maryland and attacked Martinsburg, Harper's Ferry and were threatening other points. He calls upon New York for 12,000 militia. Baltimore, July 5 JHunter is aaid to be moving his whole force to thwart the designs of the rebels at Harper's Ferry. Sigel's and Mulligan's forces reached Maryland Heights last night. Other reinforcements are on their way. General Webber, .commanding that post, has given notice to the people of Harper's Ferry to leave, as he Intends to open guns on the town to drive off the rebels, who are on the Virginia side, plundering. New York, July 6; The Times Paris correspondence says Captain Winslow. o! the Kearsage, claims Semmes and others taken to Southampton as pris oners. He had ample means to pick them up after the Alabama sank, but the English yacht actually stole them as if by a pre-arranged plan, thus con stituting a clear case of intervention. Boise, June 2S. Complaints have reached Boise about the killing of seven friendly Indians by Captain Curry's command about 85 miles be yond Boonville, and many say that it was in retaliation for this killing that the stock was stolen a few nights af terwards at Child's Ferry. Mr. Mansfield yesterday very hand somely decorated the Sanitary rooster In red, white and blue, arranged an auction stand in front of the Denlson House and proceeded with the sale for the benefit of the Sanitary Commis sion. The first bid was 1 and the rooster was finally sold to Mr. WaBser man for $20. It was re-donated and sold 12 times, when the sale ad adjourned till 6 o'clock P. M. The fol lowing are the purchasers at the first sale: H. Wasserman, ,20; B. Gold smith, $10; S. M. Lyon. ,10; Jacob Mayer, $25; S. Blumauer, $27.60; J. Veiler, $5; Lloyd Brooke, $5; G. W. Murray, $7.50; J. Bergman, $5; D. F. Bradford, $10; A. B. Elfelt, $50; L. Goodman, $30; D. F. Bradford, $10. At the second sale the following were the purchasers: D. F. Bradford, $10; 8. Skidmore, $5; D. F. Bradford, $10. Total of both sales, $240. In ac cordance with a previous understand ing the highest bidder was to receive the Tooster, and it was delivered to A. B. Elfelt. There was quite a commotion on Front street yesterday on account of a certain well-known drygoods mer chant attempting to prevent the pro prietor of the building from taking possession- of the basement for the es tablishment of a tallow chandlery and soap manufactory. Among the causes for this procedure of the landlord is the refusal of the tenant to pay his monthly rent in anything but green backs, which is pretty cheap rent Mr. Elfelt yesterday collected $770 towards furnishing equipment and mounting the detachment of volun teers for the protection of The Dalles and Canyon City Road. Dr. Farnham arrived last evening from Alturaz County Idaho, on his route to New York City via San Fran cisco and Panama with about 1000 pounds of quartz rock taken out of lodes in that section In which New York capitalists are interested. The streets of our city yesterday presented the appearance of an old and thriving city in the heart of the very best agricultural districts. All day long a Jam of farmers' -wagons filled Front street. M. M. Crawford, the newly appointed Collector of Internal Revenue for the State of Oregon, nee L W. Coe, re signed, arrived last evening. Botanical Garden Better Than Zoo. PORTLAND, July 8. (To the Edi tor.) If you do not consider It too presumptuous on the part of a citizen of the commonwealth of New York to offer a suggestion relative to your parks, will you be kind enough to give this space in your columns? - Upon visiting your Washington Park Sunday afternoon and viewing the tree-clad-hills in the distance, it oc curred to me what an opportunity you have for growing a botanical garden of trees. It seems to me, with the money that is spent in maintaining a zoo of unfortunate beasts, a botanical garden could be assembled and main tained that would become quite as in teresting to the general public as a zoo and doubtless far more instructive, for there are few people who are not lovers of trees. Your climate, citizens tell me, will grow any vegetation ex cepting that extremely tropical. You, therefore, have an opportunity of mak ing one ,of the finest exhibits of this kind to be found anywhere. Supplementing the garden, a building could be erected in which would be displayed finished woods of the vari ous trees and the trees could be prop erly labeled as to their species, in digency and 'other particulars of growth, use and size. VISITORS. . Ptlotas;e In Columbia River. PORTLAND, July 8. (To the Editor.) -To settle a matter somewhat in con troversy, please answer through your columns these questions: 1. Are all ocean-going vessels, car rying either passengers or freight. obliged to use a special pilot between Portland and Astoria In both direc tions? 2. Is this a duty imposed by law or only a rule of the marine Insurance companies? 3. Is the charge for pilotage the same for all vessels or graduated ac cording to carrying capacity? 4. Can you state the pilotage charge on a steam freighter of a carrying ca pacity of 2000 tons? 5. Is the cost or pilotage or tne tow ing of ocean-going vessels borne by the Port of Portland or by the persons operating the vessels? H. J. JORDAN. It would require about one column of space to give accurate replies to these questions. Consult either Colum bia River Pilots' Association or see some member of the Port of Portland Commission. Candidates In Pennsylvania. PORTLAND, July 9 (To the Editor.) Kindly name the Democratic candi dates for United States Senator at the late primaries in Pennsylvania, giving the address of each, if known at your office. Which candidate was success ful? C. M. A. Mitchell Palmer, Stroudsburg, Pa, was the successful candidate. We have not the address of Mr. Budd, his opponent. KDtSTRf SOrXDS BUGLE CALL. Let Rally Be Liberal as When Call Is to Flas'a Defense. TACOMA. Wash., July 8. (To the Editor.) Every time the bugle call was sounded calling on the American manhood to rally to the defense of our flag and National honor, every petty grievance was set aside and forgotten; men from all walks of life, men whom time had branded with the stamp of age, down to a mere youth of 14. all Joined hands for one purpose to down the enemy And right the wrong. The courage and patriotism of American manhood has always proven itself to be equal to the emergency. Is it not fair to asume that when the bugle call is sounded calling ua to the defense of our commercial and in dustrial enterprises that w should rally as liberally and manifest the same patriotism as in time of war with a domestlo or foreign enemy? Our protective tariff, the bulwark, back of which America has grown up to be the grandest country on earth, has been torn down, so that today we are practically on a water grade with Europe; thousands upon thouaanda of our manufacturing wheels have stopped humming; our railroads are hauling foreign manufactured goods, and hun dreds of thousands of the American working men are sitting Idly by. Offi cial figures for the first four months of the operation of the Underwood tariff show a drop of $47,000,000 In the im portation of manufacturers' materials, while the importation of finished manu factures shows an increase of $9,000. 000, as compared with the same periods a year ago under the Payne law; in other words, there has been a decrease of IS per cent In the import of raw materials to be used by our manufac turers and an increase of 6 per cent in the import of finished goods from abroad, displacing goods manufactured here. In this tendency there is nothing to encourage the hope of an export trade under the new tariff. America, with her commercial re sources, brains and capital to develop them, has in the past, and must contin ue in the future, to reach out for the world's trade if the American stand ard of living of which we have been so Justly proud is to be continued. One of the strongest and most convincing points that the free trade advocates have brought forth to the common peo ple Is that the American manufacturers have shipped their goods to a foreign land and sold it at a lower figure than was charged at home. These facts have been shown to the American con sumers and working men as convinc ing evidence of the outrageous wrong perpetrated against the American con sumers made possible by our protec tive tariff, but by a true social and po litical analysis we find that a cargo of manufactured goods shipped from the East, where our largest manufac turers are located, across the ocean, can be laid down and distributed by foreign merchants at least 60 per cent cheaper than the same amount of goods can be shipped and distributed by the American merohants on the Pacific Coast. In America it costs more to sell an article than it does to make It. In other countries it Is reversed, so when the American manufacturers are reach ing out for the world's trade they must meet the world's competition and must comply with the laws of trade. While the American manufacturers might dis pose of their goods In a foreign land at a lower price than at home, it goes be yond a doubt to say that American so ciety and working men are profited thereby as it enables the manufactur ers to give employment to a greater number and promote our commerce. The American working men when given steady employment at the American standard scale of wage, can better" af ford to pay the American standard of living than they can afford to pay the foreign standard of living while not employed. The persistent claim made by our present Administration is that they will not hamper any legitimate enterprises, and that there is no Just cause for any decresslon in our commercial and in dustrial pursuits. If that is the case why in the name of high heaven don i they themselves start the wheels a humming and selae the opportunity to become masters of the American in dustry? They are not all poor, but the fact is that they want someone eise to do the betting and put up their money to try out the water-grade the ories and see If they are practical or not. With these unpolished, unadulterated and bare-facd facts plainly In view, I, not as an office-seeker, but as the humblest in the files of the American citizens, ask: Is it not Just as mucn our duty to rally to the bugle call of our commercial and industrial defense as it is to rally to the bugle call for war? In the time or dire need, wnat difference does it make to you or I which banner we use to march under, which drum we use to keep step to whether we are known by the name ot Republican standpatter, ProgreeMve, Bull Moose, a Socialist, or even a Dem ocrat? Theories may be pleasing to the mind, but if they are not practical leave them alone we are but mortals after all and don't be mlBled by the dreaming. howling demagogue who dreams that he came into this world to redeem It when in reality he Is here only to make a living. It 1b up to the American voters to see to it that our next Congress and next Administration consist oi men wno viiii rohulld and reconstruct our down-torn protective tariff and make possible the resumption or commercial ana lmmain al activities that the dark and de pressing clouds that hover over us to day shall blow away. M1CHAEU J. BUltr-iV The Only Reason. From the New York Globe. A TX.n.lnvtiam mon Arm in Arm With an old friend, revisiting his native place after an absence of many years, was tlmM whon ths returned Ui.uaauiK one began a series of questions as to the friends or other days. "Tell me." said he, "bout your aunt, old Mrs. Blank. She must be rather feeble now." "We buried her last year," said tne other. "Buried her? Dear mel Is the old lady dead?" "Y(; that's why we burled her, was the response. ' Sailings to Eureka. -n a rr . .. Tulv 7 Tn the Ed- rori luwiiDcitu, i j .. . - Itor.) Please inform undersigned or . i ..nu riotoM nf tho steamers from Portland to Eureka, Cel., and oblige. Every Sunday, 9 A. M. WILL TIIE LIGHTS BE WHITE! Oft, when I feel my engine swirl. As o er strange raue wo i. o, I strain my eye around the curve For what awaits us mere. When swift and free she carries me Through yards unknown at nignt. I look along the line to see It all the lamps are wnite. The blue light marks the crippled car. The green light signals "Blow. The red light is a danger light. The white light, "let ner go. Again the open fields we roam. And wnen tne nignt is iair I look up in the starry dome And wonder what s up mere. For who can speak for thone who dwell Behind the curving- sky? No man has ever lived to tell Just what it means to die. Swift toward life's terminal I trend. The run seems short tonight; God only knows what's at the end I hope the lights are white. Cy Warman. Twenty-Five Yeart Ago (From Ttie Oregonian cf July i. New Orleans. July 8. After fighting 73 rounds with John L Eulllvan at Rlchburg. Jake Kllraln threw up tha sponge, and Sullivan again prowed h's title as champion of the world. Salem, July 8. Fdederick Wamerke died in this city Punday of brain lever He lived at Mt. Tabor, where he aoH $20,000 worth of property last erring. Salem. July S. The surveyors will start out to make preliminary survey . . . 1 , V. - . , mr- onA K1 1 - Seattle. June 8. The city election to day resulted in the re-election of .May or Moran (Rep.), by ii3 ma,rvrlty ovor G. M. Hatter (DtnvK Dr. John A. Brooks spoke on prohl bltlon at Masonic Hall last night. N 3. Dygert presided. The German Evangelical Church has purchased a lot at tho corner of V an4 Sixth streets. East Portland, and will erect an edifice In the Kail. Miss Emma Arrlngton, of Eaat Port land, is dangerously 111 at Kllenaburg Henry Myers and wife came from Re lem yesterday. Sirs. Myers to assist tn nursing her husband's brother, E Myers. Mr. Myers had Just started tn return to Salem when his wife died of heart disease. A messenger overtook him before he reached the train and ho returned. T. D. Woolley, Dr. Churchman, Dr Naples, L. G. Clarke. Miss J. Lotan and Miss (Turnings left last night for Banff Hot Springs. William Connor was yesterday rain stated as Deputy Superintendent of Streets. In the absence of Mayor DeLashmutt. President Tyler Woodward last night nominated James Ixtan aa Fire Com missioner and the Council unanimously confirmed him. Mattle Vlekers appeared at the New Park Theater last night In "Jacqume." The Board of Trade yesterday vote'l to appoint a committee to solicit funds for the relief of sufferers by the fires at Ellensburg. V. T., and Hailey. 1. T. The Vanished Uplift By Dean Collins. Ah, I remember. In the Spring, They sprung a movement, grand and high. And everywhere you'd hear this thing. Uttored or printed: "Swat the flyl" 'Twas Spring, 1 ay, that men did bear That strong and militant refrain. "Where are the plans of yesteryear?" Where Is the "swat-the-fly" cam paign? It was the Springtime. I repeat When all uplifting forces turned To drive the housefly In retreat. And everywhere their ardor burned. Their slogan I no longer hear That then resounded all so plain. "Where are the flowers of yesteryear?" Where la the "swat-the-fly" cam paign? The flics were few. that chill March day. When the campaign waa at Its height. And everyone turned out to slay The frightened Insert In Its flight Now, when the Summer months are here. They bun at every window pane. "Where are the snows of yesteryear?" Where Is the "swat-the-fly" cam paign? When pickings were extremely thin. With sanitary seal we'd try To rouse the children to come In And Join our wnrfara on the fly. Lol Summer's season to my ear Brings, million-strong, tlielr bulling strain. "Where are the hopea of yeateryear?" Where Is the "swat-the-fly" cam paign? Has the great movement 'gainst the fly Dwindled. In three short months, away? And have the boosters ceased to try To keep the awaiting stlcka In play? I sadly seek them far and near. Those social servants. 'Tla In vain. "Where are the farts of yeatervear?" Where Is the "swat-the-fly" cam paign? BAD HANDICAP OF TUP: TROPIC Foreata Cannot Be Cleared la Hhort Dry srssssi Terra Are Iluraeo. Ellsworth Huntington In the Yale Review. In the true tropical forest agricul ture Is practically out of the question. Even for the white man it Is difficult to clear the ground, and for the slug gish son of the tropics It Is almost Im possible. Not that ha cannot cut the trees, although this Is a slow process where the huge trunks throw out but tresses five to 10 feet In radius, but that having cut them ha cannot dispose of them. The primary reason for tlie existence of the genuine tropical for est la that rain falls abundantly at practically all seaeons. There may be. and usually Is, a short dry season when the sun is farthest from the icnlth. Nevertheless, even at this time th drought is not absolute. When the trees are felled the only way of get ting rid of them Is by burning. I'nrter the ardent tropical sun most trees will become dry enough to burn In two or three weeks. If they do not be come ready to burn during the dry sea son It Is useless to think of such a thing later. They w-lll rot away, to be aure. and disappear within a few seasons, but this is of little use. for meanwhile a new growth has quickly sprouted. In the tropical rain forest, bushes will grow to a height of 10 or 20 feet tn a single year. Indeed, In the short space of two months so much herbage will spring up that a piece of forest which has been cut cannot be burned, even though the trees have become dry. This is no theory, but actual fact. In the Spring of 1913, In a part of Guate mala, where the forest is by no means of the densest kind and where a conelil erable number of coffee plantations li st, I saw this happen. The trees had been cut, but so many showera fell dur ing the nominal dry season that the branches did not become dry enough to burn and consequently many people were unable to plant crops. Cowardice and Courage. Exchange. There are several kinds of courage. and even more varieties of cowardice. What Is Advertising? Bright minds the country over have been trying to find a terse and exact definition for this marvelous force. No one seems quite suitable. Advertising Is In a sense like elec tricity we know some of the thing It will do, but we have hard work explaining what it Is. Glance through today's Oregonian and notice the varied appeals adver tising haa to make. See the infinite variety of human wants it Is seeking to supply. Notice how It pleads Its causa Rut what Is It? How do you de fine it? verton. General O Dell, who rrprnU the Portland syndicate, says he has been meeting with splendid success tn ODiaining rigni-oi-wAj