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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 3, 1914)
( TIIE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, JULY 3, 1 1914. 8 mtmw unmw tarn, fi 1? FTJf.'V- CUOll"! Entered at Portland. Oregon. Foatofflcs as Second-class matter. ..,... eubrpUon Kate Invariably in Advance. BY MAIL) Daily, Sunday Included, one year 2'-x riaily. 6unday Included, six month Daily, Sunday included, one month Daily, without Sunday, one year Daily, without Sunday, six months Daily, without Sunday, three montha . Daily, without bunday. one month VeekJy. one year "" Sunday, one year Sunday and Weekly, one year (BY CARRIER) Tally, Sunday Included, one year 7.S 6.00 S.2S 1.76 .60 1.&0 2.50 8.&0 S9.00 Daily. Sunday inciuata, one mmu -- .10 How to Hcmlt send poeiomce '"""" - der. eipreaa order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at eender risk. Give poatotflce address In rnu, Including county and atate. Postage IUM 12 to 16 pages, 1 cent; is to Z2 pages, 2 cents; 34 to 8 pages, 8 cent. 60 to 60 pages, 4 cents; ft to 'S pagee, cents; 78 to 82 pages, S cents. Foreign post age, double ratea. Eastern Business Office Verree Conk lln, .New York, Brunswick building. -na-tago, Steger building. Ban Francisco Office R. J. BldweU Co.. 142 Market street. rOKTLA'D, FRIDAY, JT.I.Y 3, 1914. I JfOW FOR ARGENTINE CORN. The American consumer Is fast ex tending his acquaintance with foreign products of every kind. English cloth lias been followed by Argentine beef, Australian mutton, Xew Zealand but ter and Chinese eggs, and now we are to learn the virtues of Manchuria and Argentine corn. However the farmers of our own corn belt may regard it, the Underwood tariff Is a blessing to those of Argentina and Manchuria, for it put corn on the free IiEt and enabled them to sell their product at $1 a ton less than Ne braska and Minnesota prices. The peo ple of Portland will soon have a most cosmopolitan dinner-table, loaded with the products of many distant lands. But what will the farmers think of Jt? Those of Oregon have Just be come convinced that they, too, can trow corn, but they find that their genuinely infant industry must com pete with the production of the Ital ian Immigrants of Argentina and tha Chinese and Japanese coolies of Man churia. They were flattered with the statement that duties on grain were useless for protection purposes, as no body "would think of importing wheut and corn to the United States, and were cajoled with the farmers' free list, which now proves to work both ways. It brings the farmer foreign competitors, but does not appear to have materially reduced the cost of articles he buys. Argentina is a country by no means to be despised as a corn-producer, far Its acreage and crops have been stead ily Increasing. The area under corn has grown from 3,102,140 acres in 1901 to 8,455,703 acres In J912-13, end the value of exports has Increased from 22,994.000 pesos In 102 to 108, 908,000 pesos In 1912. An Argentine peso Is equal to 96.447 cents. We may soon, under this blessed Democratic dispensation, be eating not only Ar gentine beef, but chickens fed on Ar gentine corn, and our farmers may . have leisure to come to Portland and see the loaded ships come In from Buenos Aires. Auckland and Canton. WHEAT AND CHAFF IN COLLEGE. In his speech on modern education at Middlebury College, the versatile Colonel Harvey assumed the easy part of Indiscriminate fault-finder. When a man makes up his mind to condemn everything in a given department of human activity we may admire his boldno&s. but we can hardly say much for his Judgment. "Education has cer tainly been made easy nowadays." Colonel Harvey laments. "All you have to do Is to open your mouth. Teacher drops into your mouth pellets of pre digested Information until you look like a pouter pigeon." If we may be lieve his report, this goes on all the way through secondary school and college. Students are pampered by lazy professors and the outcome of it all is self-conceited humbug. That some ground exists for Colonel Har vey's strictures nobody can deny. But there Is education and education. The young people who go to school and college for pretentious humbuggery get what they desire. Those who want something more substantial and useful get that. It all depends upon the recipient. Ever since there was such a thing as a school there has been an easy and superficial education for the drone and a difficult and thorough educa tion for the genuine worker. The maxim that "there is no royal road to learning" is as old as the university at Alexandria under the Ptolemies, but In that day, as in this, wealthy parasites sought royal roads and their teachers were not brave enough to drive them Into the straight and 'nar row path. In almost all our colleges the students fall into two clearly marked classes. In one we find the . cigarette-smoking, dancing, gossiping, simpering, muscle-worshiping noodle. In the other is the hard-working "grind," who has an object in life and strives for it earnestly. No doubt Colonel Harvey is right In saying that the class of simpletons Is by far the larger. So we dare say it always has been Very likely of the 30,000 men who flocked to Paris to hear Abelard lecture on philosophy at least 29.000 were blockheads, who cared more for a street shindy than for the truth about nominalism. Something like the same proportion between wisdom and folly holds 'in our seats of learn ing today. College boys and girls aro the woat solidly conservative people in the world. Some of them become liber alized in after years, but up to com mencement day their mossbackism Is rock-ribbed. They like the old tradi tions because they are traditions and because they are old. If the fresh men put a cow on the chapel roof a hundred years ago the freshman of 1916 will think he has failed In an Important duty and missed valuable privilege If he does not do the same thing. But In spite of all this, there is a sturdy and respectable band of young people In every college who are getting a genuine education. The fires of high ambition burn brightly In their breasts. They love good litera ture and aspire to worthy deeds. We think, however, that some of the best work of educating bright boys and girls In the United States has escaped from the old-fashioned classical colleges for the present. It may go back to them by and by. but just now we must look for it else-v-here. Upon the whole, the technical Institutions 'are turning out a finer product than their more aristocratic competitors. The colleges have permit ted themselves to become wedded to chimeras. They dwell In a dead world, where Cicero. Homer and Caesar walk In ghostly majesty and where living men and thing ara oarcelr. known. The Athenians educated their boys for everyday Athenian life. Our moa ern colleges, in their beautiful fidelity to Greek ideals, still educate boys for the trireme and the Areopagus. This gives them a thin and shadowy veneer for culture, but does not make vital Americans of them. A youth may know all about a trireme with out understanding the first principle of an aeroplane. Hay may be per fectly conversant with pleading in the Areopagus and yet be lost in a mod ern courtroom. The technical schools may fail to plaster on the veneer, but they give an initiation into life which is inestimably more valuable. OCR CHIVALROUS REGRETS. Treaties, it seems, are made to be misunderstood as well as broken. One has reached the height of perfection when, in one nation's understanding, it conveys something which the other nation understands has not been con veyed. In the Taft Administration, it Is learned from Mr. Dubois, the Colom bian treaty negotiations came to nought because Colombia could not be soothed without wounding former President Roosevelt. Mr. Dubois found it impossible to convey regrets with- But that difficult feat has been ac complished by Mr. Bryan, 'lnai is to say. a treaty has been so skilfully worded that Colombia acepts as an apology words that are not Intended to be an apology. It is unjust of us, at- nithnls' nninion. to look upon a feature which expresses chivalrous regrets as an apology. The American construction, we pre sume, should be that we are glad we "took Panama," but sorry Colombia's feelings were hurt by the amputation. The Colombian interpretation, it Is ob viously intended, is that we regret the whole transaction. In flexibility of interpretation the proposed treaty perhaps meets diplo matic requirements, but America has learned in the Panama Canal tolls incident that sometimes acceptance of the other country's interpretation is forced upon us. It is hard to con ceive of any future international de velopment that would grow out of the "chivalrous regrets" of the Colombian treaty, but the question is how much ...i.f.tion is a. mental reservation when the whole world thinks we are apologizing? WILSON'S EXCUSE TO WOMEN. i , . CT-ii..n'a nlnnHnn of xresiuenL i " ' his unwillingness to recommend a woman suffrage amendment to Con gress is not a reason; it is an excuse. In answer to a former delegation of women, Mr. Wilson refused to ln- ?c. a mani'mcnt because aorse n BuinoBa the Baltimore platform was silent on i i .. it. e-n further and me fcu uj(-l i.- aw " o-' - says It was silent because those who framed the piauorm couomcicu frage a question with which the indi vidual states should deal and that he is in agreement with them. When . . .v. niiaatlnn whether pinnea aowu " h-- submission of an amendment to the states would not mane it ter Mr. Wilson showed solicitude for the rights of the one-fourth minority in case three-fourths of the states ratified the amendment. His entire interview "with the suf- . .v.,-. (hil hn In ODDOSed to woman suffrage, but that he care fully avoids saying bo. lest three-fourths of the states force woman suffrage on an opposing woman suggests the motive for his , . ; t i. ttnnrntlT the same opposing", as that which found expression In the debate In the Senate fear of the ne gro vote in the South. Southern Sena tors were alarmed at the prospect that negro women might Insist more ve hemently on their constitutional right to vote than have the men of their race. They seem to have had visions of husky, screaming, black suffrag ettes on the rampage 0.0.. white supremacy. They may have communicated tnese vuo President. . , The President had learnen Deioro he met the suffragists that the South is very sensitive about Federal Inter ference with election laws. Hia rec ommendation of Presidential prefer ential primaries caused a flutter among Southern Congressmen and has been buried deep in committee. He studiously shelves any measure which, would stir up the Southern briga diers and which would put Senators Tillman and Vardaman in action. DULCTH'S FARM JAIL. The World's Work gives an inter- nf a new kind of iail estlllK tt(;iiwuuv v. ' - which has been established by the city of Duluth. It consists 01 tuuu-sand-acre farm a few miles out of town. The land is covered with sec- j n th ftmhpr. which affords un limited occupation for laborers. Im portant criminals are not sent The farm is reserved for petty of fenders, whose misconduct betrays no deep depravity. They live in modestly furnished shacks .and work out their sentences under the supervision of foremen, who serve also as guards. The plan has many advantages. For one thing, the labor of the prisoners is gradually creating a valuable prop erty for the city by clearing the land and bringing it under cultivation. But that is perhaps the least of the bene fits of the new method. Much more Important Is the fact that the men are detained under wholesome physical and moral conditions. They live and sleep in pure air. Their occupation is not degrading. Their associations are clean. Of course, they are made to feel that they are under restraint, but at the same time they are led to ee that the law which punishes is willing to uplift them. There are two Irreconcilable theo ries of punishment. The first . holds that for every crime we can accu rately mete out a fixed penalty, with out regard to the. prisoner's personal traits, his history or his future. The second theory maintains that the only proper purpose of punishment Is the . tvio ormvlct and that society fails in its duty when it al lows a term 01 irapnwiuu""' a person's character and prospects In life. The Duluth farm Jail Is one of the best among numerous experimen tal applications of the latter view. The wisest thought of our day pre fers to eradicate the causes which make criminals rather than to ex pend energy in punishing them, but until we understand those causes a great deal better than we do yet, such experiments as that which Duluth Is trying Bet a Practlcal standard for the whole country. It has lately been discovered that Thomas Jefferson was the original cubist. He advocated this style of art only in building, since he was. not a painter, but that scarcely detract from bis fame. The principle Is the same. His house at Montlcello, the University of Virginia and the capitol at Rlnhmona were all constructed after cubist plans which Jefferson supplied. His Inspiration came iron, the "square house" at Nismes, in Prance, which he describes as "a per fect example of cubist architecture." GRIM HUMOR. ' Mexico has become almost an an noying topic. The whole subject, in cluding the American treatment of the muddle, races about in a pre scribed circle. Mexico produces revo lution, counter-revolution, anarcny, murder, arson and rapine. Crisis fol lows crisis. A faction becomes pre dominant only to split over division of the spoils even before the spoils are fully in hand. Having decreed that this condition must cease, our treatment is no less remarkable than the condition, itself. Our course Is made up of stern warnings followed by watchful waiting, followed by a drastic step, followed by self-inspired mediation, followed again by watchful waiting. a The latest phase of the situation only adds to the grim humor that per sists in attaching itself to what is otherwise a fearful tragedy. The me diators, after having announced some time ago that they would not wait another day for Carranza to Join their talkfest, have finally taken a recess to await the tardy pleasure of Senor Carranza, who is Just now too badly muddled in his rumpus with Villa to rivB nttontlon tn international pleas antries of the ABC mediation type.. The mediators, it might be added, ao this at the earnest solicitation of the Washington Administration. The net result of all this dallying forecasts a condition more intolera ble than heretofore. No wonder. Ttio Movipnna think we are not very much in earnest or we would not be back-pedaling on every move we make. Perhaps when the Mexican miir!dl eets so bad that the civilized world will no longer countenance It the Administration will be forced to do something. - SLEEPLESSNESS. After o-rtpnsive investieation of the n-oiRct nf lppn. ft number of eminent German doctors have come to the conclusion that the subject is uniatn omable. At least, they are able to. prescrlb no general set of rules that will serve to overcome insomnia. Each case, they report, must be taken up, rHa'trnospd and treated separately.' No two are precisely alike. Hygienic treatment serves to alleviate insomnia, hut ths tretmfnt varies with different victims. To provide generalized treat ments is pronounced impossible. These conclusions were developed by the German Society of Internal ivTcflirlna and are a frank confession of what has long been suspected, de spite several claims tnat we pnenom ann nf ii.an had been fully analyzed. Sleeplessness Is one of the most per plexing of afflictions, ana wnne it is the product of a disordered system. Normal llvlne and wholesome habits of thought and work have been found the most errecuve restorative of the sweet boon of un ..v.iri lumhar. But even these have been unsuccessful occasionally, per haps on account or tne limitations 01 inriivMnnl aufferers who have found It Impossible to change habits and modify defects In nature. But the frank confession 01 an au hnriv nf eminent investigators should not discourage the unhappy victims. They merely know now mat they may not look to some prescribed t nf mlM for relief. The German doctors do not throw up their hands at the whole topic Tney merely reacn ,. .nnrinlon that there Is no pan- .... hu thev urn unable to find one. Wberu one person finds relief In exercise another may nave 10 r sort to a radical change of mental attitude. Relief is to be had, but it must be sought Intelligently ana wnn expert assistance If necessary. TO LANDED ESTATES GROWING. An ominous feature of the growth of large fortunes in the United States is the extent to which, land is being concentrated in large holdings and the steadily increasing proportion of tenant farmers. Two estates hold one. seventh of the acreage of California, Miller A Lux alone owning i,boo,uoo acres. Three men in Florida are said tn hold 4.200.000 acres and one man In Texas holds 3,000,000 acres. The heads of banks, railroads and indus tries have imitated the nobility of miTT-nrm hv acaulrins: lame country es tates and by building great country houses after the style or Europe s baronial hails. The story of John D. RnnUaf filler's lone and finally success ful struggle to force one small land owner at Pocantlco Hills to sen to mm might have been taJcen from the Eng lish history of a century or two ago instead of being part of current Amer ican history. Increase of 16 per cent in the number of tenant farmers be tween the 5-ears 1900 and 1910 Is a natural consequence. Concentration of the ownership of land In a few hands has been a source nf revolution or 6ocial disturbance since the days of the Roman Grac chi. The exactions of the old French nobility combined with the tyranny onfl Imnrovidence of the Kings to provoke the first French revolution. The Irish home rule movement De came most bitter and lawless when iint airalnst landlordism, and has become comparatively peaceful since the land purchase genome was put iu operation. Large holdings in Scotland vai-n fnllnwed bv enforced depopula tion, that hunting preserves might be created, until the crorters - oisturo ances brought about remedial legisla te Tn Enerland the privileged classes In the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries used tneir control or rarna. ment to pass commons enclosure acts, vhtnhv th landlords acquired great areas which had been common prop erty since Saxon times. Tne lana tax ation scheme of Lloyd George is aimed t-n hrenlr nn larsre holdings and place ownership In the hands of the culti vators or other eccupanU of the soil. French peasant proprietors enjoy a ,ra nf nrosnerltv in striking con trast to the misery and poverty which prevailed before tne revolution. a place of the wasteful methods of cul iwotinn followed under the old mon archy we now see Intensive farming. which conforms to the tneory or con servation and which gives France such . met atnre of wealth that she sur prised the world by the ease with which she paid me war lnuemunj n.rmanT. Under peasant proprietor ship Ireland has become prosperous and manufacturing industry has be gun to revive all over tne isiana. Farming on a large scale by single TnaT-a v-a a been nroved wasteful by experience. Exception can only be made or sucn crops as require wuj machinery to be operated on a large scale and such as do not require the detailed attention of men having a personal Interest in the best results. A hired man will not give the care to each plant which is given by a Chi nese or Japanese farmer. A tenant farmer's natural inclination is to rob the soil of its fertility by neglecting to use fertilizers and by unscientific cropping. In order that a farmer may care for the future productiveness of the soli, it is essential that he him self be assured of gaining the bene fits. It is well that Congress has been asked to inquire into the growth and effect of land monopoly. It Is yet in Its inception and can be attacked now with far greater success and less fric tion than would be the case after it had reached full development, .as for merly in France and Ireland and as now in England and Scotland. The wisest statesmanship needs to be brought into action in order to pre vent unhealthy concentration of own ership in a few hands, while making due allowance for the developments due to modern machinery. Obviously the gang plow and the combine har vester make desirable larger wheat farms than in the days of the single plow, the scythe and the sickle, but as to many other crops, of which each plant needs care, small farms, owned by the farmer, will produce larger crops and will longer conserve their fertility. Besides these economic arguments in favor of small, Individual land holdings, there are social and political imimititii when Goldsmith de scribed " a bold peasantry" as "their country's pride," ne spoKe iruiy. a no peasantry of a nation, each man lord of his few acres, has always been a h.iiwat-u nf internal order and of na tional defense, and its decline has been the beginning of national decadence. It was "the embattled farmers" who won independence and maintained the Union; so it will be in future National struggles against treason at home or foes abroad. The new account of the ancient world translated by a great English arholar from Babylonian tablets makes an Important change in the date of the fall or man. xnis eveni Is placed after the flood instead of before it, and Noah Instead of Adam Is named as the original sinner who ate the apple. By this account ' the finnii la left in a nrecarious situation. It was Bent to drown a world of sin ners. But if there were no sinners until after it happened, the reason fnr It becomes a little perplexing. Tii. western rniut of South Amer ica promises to become the greatest fruit-producing region in mo wunu. The whole strip, from Peru to a point well south in Chile, Is adapted to hor ticulture and the varying elevation of the land makes all varieties possible, tha trnnfral to those of the tem perate rone. This region is said to have all the advantages of California and some more. For one thing, it is free from the pests that harass our sister state. The iinruitriotle Irishmen who have armed themselves against home rule ore a. thousand vears behind the times. They care more for words than for realities. Their minds are occu plled with medieval formulas and fen rial war rries to the exclusion of current interests. Ireland needs a united population, pow that sne nas won a fair measure of freedom. It Is time for the Ulster! tes to stop march ing and yelling and go to work. The law e-nverninff commission mer chants is designed to protect shippers ernm h.fnv swindled in such manner as -was exposed yesterday by arrest . . . i r 4 of a fraudulent operator. in me- he Mlrl tn the discomfiture of the victims that there are many reliable men in the business, but tney cannoi offer the alluring terms given by the swindlers. ueto-nlntr la not a wholly enviable occupation In Europe Just now. The Czar hardly dares to peep tnrousn the door. Francis Joseph's gray head 1. e.Hninir in sorrow to the grave and William doesn't venture to go visiting, even to a funeral. a a relninrler to the latest report that he is about to flee, Huerta says half the people of Mexico City will die before he will resign. wui.uer how he mieht convince the State De partment' that he means it? ui..niirf Van en Invert a rain that . ..,! tn olvtv-alx one-hundredths aimiu.i. w . - of an inch and calls It a drouth- breaker. In Oregon that would ne a heavy due or light mist. . . t.Tenhnne Will he A. irai-Au"w ww... -- In operation soon. Any of us will shortly be able to ring up King George at the palace and pass the time 01 aay. I. the alncran of the nigiiiir yJ ' 0 National Educational Association, fraudable, indeed. But the season is not propitious. a i i. nf Alhanv after eating A tau -- a clothing sign. The question is. what was it about that sign tnat wiiea tne calf? urihie-nji mftv launch anti-Japanese laws. Let's see, can those Jap dread noughts navigate the Great Lakes? T. i.vi he inct an wall for the Democrats in the Senate to stay on the Job while the staying 13 goog. The la-w Is against the common drinking cup, but who ever sees the beer glass washed? nv. -..t of the Naw will draw an j. 1x0 4 cote .w - easy breath until "plucking" time rolls round again. The Naval Militia might adopt that "plucking" system to some advantage. v.m,i vm a real wild West lllB " affair with all the woolly trimmings. The man too sTOUchy to go any where can stay at home tomorrow. m.- nt aisn trv that "plucking" system on the State Department? t. i,Miir is the sole "shooting- Iron" permissible tomorrow. Denuty Sheriff McDuffy was John nie on the spot. Train robbery in Oregon has its limitations. Lay In the safe and sane fireworks today. . Where to, tomorrow T Getting almost hot. ; . TARIFF'S EFFECT ON COMMERCE Correspondent Looks for Increased Exports, Bat Where Are Theyt PORTLAND, July 2. (To the Edi tor.) In your answer to my letter of inquiry as published In The Oregonlan June 29, the caption asserts that tie tariff has been injurious to both wool and shingle industries. . I have been reliably informed by a well-known Portland wool buyer that the present price of wool Is 2 to S cents higher than it has been for five years past The injury is hardly ap parent. As to shingles, your editorial June 28 was hardly in harmony with a Seat tle news special on the first page of same paper, but perhaps one should not place too much credence in news items. According to my reasoning the only effect reduced tariff would have on exports would be to create a feeling of reciprocity that Is, you buy more of our goods, we will buy more of yours. Could it be that hard times in foreign countries would have any rela tion to our decrease In exports? Is it not a fact that the present slump in business Is nearly universal? I am not looking for an argument other than that a fair duscussion might help me and others, by stimulat ing honest thought, to arrive at a Just conclusion. CHARLES C. CREW. We have published several articles recently stating that the present ad, vance in the price of wool is entirely unconnected with the tariff, but is due to a short crop the world over. Wool- growers are not deceived by this tem porary respite from the effects of free wool, for many are selling their sheep and. going out of business. Doubtless, if the market for shingles revives the Washington mills will get a good share of the business, for British Columbia is not equipped to supply the entire market But the in evitable effect of the lower cost of production in British Columbia will be that, when demand falls off and prices decline, that province will sell shingles at a profit, while Washington mills must choose between selling at a loss and closing. Certainly tariff reduction, wisely made, would encourage reciprocity, but only when a concession by this country is met by a corresponding concession by other countries. The Canadian reciprocity bill had that merit, but the present Congress has given Canada about all (he would have gained by that measure without ob taining anything In return. The Custom-house reports that the Underwood tariff has not had the effect of induc ing other countries to buy more of our goods; they "have bought less and have sold us more. Hard times in other countriea would have, no doubt, some relation to the volume of our exports. Chancellor Lloyd George recently expressed great gratification at the volume of British foreign trade, thus contradicting the theory that the present slump in trade Is universal. Any depression there may have been In England must have been materially mitigated by increased ex ports of woolen goods and tinplate, for example, to this country. CLOSE IS CHARGED TO PORTLAND Oswego Plant Complains That City Buy a Pipe Out of State. , OSWEGO. Or, July 1. (To the Ed itor.) Here in Oswego, seven miles from Portland, Is located a cast-iron pipe foundry. It makes cast-iron pipe and employs about 100 men when in operation, but the company posted up notices informing the men that the shop would close down Indefinitely be cause the Portland Water Board would rather send contracts for pipe back East Now, is that keeping1 Oregon indus tries busy? Is that keeping Oregon money at home? Let ua reason to gether and find out what is the matter. With all Justice to the men in office in any city or town, is it Just that they should send nearly 2000 miles and pay freight on the goods delivered, and not one bit better pipe than can be made In Oregon or Oswego? Let the push clubs, commercial clubs, realty board or anyone else telling us to buy at home take notice of the fact that the only pipe mill on the Pacif lo Coast has closed its doors because the pipe comes from the East Let's give the Oregon Iron & Steel Company a chance, and they will give the men a chance to make a living. Let's keep our money at home, and here is hoping and trust ing the old mill will start aa-ain and that the wheels of industry will hum again In making pipe for Portland and Oregon. ARTHUR M'VET. The last order for pipe placed by the city was for CO00 tons. The Oswego Iron Works got one-half of this order and made the final delivery about two weeks ago. The city will buy no more pipe until next year, present orders and supplies being sufficient to laat until that time. It is true the balance of the 6000-ton order was placed with outside concerns. Origin of Stone of Destiny. TROUTDALE, Or, June SO. (To the Editor.) A short time ago there ap peared In The Oregonlan an account of the damage done to the "Stone of Destiny" at .Westminster, together with historical references to the said "Stone of Destiny." A couple of days ago a similar account appeared in the New York Times. From the articles In both papers the reader would be led to infer and, in fact believe that the tone originally belonged to Scotland. If my memory serves me right. I have a dim recollection that the archaeolo gist Dr. Petrie, claims that there is a strong supposition that this stone now in Westminster is none other than the celebrated "Lai Fail" (Stone of Des tiny), on which the Kings of Ireland were crowned at Tare, The next account was that the stone was removed to Scotland expressly for the coronation of one of the Sootlc (Irish) race, the tradition being that wherever the stone was located a King of the Bcotio (Irish) race, would reign. Would be pleased to see farther cor respondence on the subject R. B. TEEHAN. Paying the President. PERRTDALE, Or.. June SO. (To the Editor.) (1) What red tape is there to the President's voucher? In what way is he paid? (2) Who performs the duties of Secretary of State when W. J. Bryan Is away? JOHN JONES. 1. There Is no formality. The Presi dent Is the only' Government officer who does not have to sign the payroll. He is paid by check on the Treasury. 2. The counsellor of the State De partment becomes acting Secretary of State In the absence of the Secretary. The counsellor Is Robert Lansing. Tha Rejuvenation of Grandma. Andrew Armstrong, In Judge. When grandmamma was young and fair. The world was prime and stately; At balls she wore a queenly air And stepped quadrilles sedately. Jfow grandmamma Is old and gray But rasmon cannot roil nor. For out she bounces every day Ana tangoes wa a urouor, WIFE) IS ENTITLED TO SALARY Home-Making Is Business and Should Be So Recognised, Bays Mrs. Dunlway. PORTLAND. July 2. .(To the Edi tor.) I had thought the recent excite ment created by the refusal of the ex ecutive committee to employ married women as teachers in the public schools, had blown over, for the present at least when I was surprised Monday by a call from one of them who has long been a teacher In another county who tells me she has lost her position for committing no other crime, as far a she knows, but matrimony. "It Is not that my husband needs my salary. He la In business for himself; but he knows I enjoy teaching, and, as we keep a housekeeper, who has two children to support and educate, and I am not an experienced cook, and have no children of my own, my husband and I have enjoyed my return to my work as a teacher, only to find my chosen occupation wrested from me. compelling me to throw my housekeeper and her children out of a home and means of support, and myself driven Into an oc cupation for which I have had no spe eail training." "Why not get up a bill you're a voter now and get the Legislature to enact It, concerning such cases?" I asked, as ahe sat toying nervously with the tassel on har closed umbrella. "Or, better still, why not make a bargain with your husband for dividing his sal ary between yourselves, as you ought to have done before entering into mat rimony? Housekeeping, wifehood and motherhood should be a business, and ought to be the most profitable bargain any couple could make on entering any business relation." The idea seemed to strike her favor ably, but she sighed aa she arose to go and said: "I couldn't make Joe agree to such a proposition, for he thinks a home-making wifa and mother Is Justly rated as having 'no occupa tion,'" and she went her way. sorrow ing, leaving me to ponder over the con stantly growing discontent among mar ried women who are vainly expected to remain contented as servants with out salaries In tha homes of their bus bands, after, having had previous ex perience aa waga-earners In stores, schoolrooms, offices and other gainful occupations. Marriage, for tha mothers of the race, is no snap, evan when it brings the financial Interdependence with hus bands which every inexperienced love smitten. Imaginative girl looks forward to with hope, believing that, In her case, at least, the hardships of life's battles outside of home are over for good and all. I am speaking of the average working woman In the home of the average man, whose organised ingenuity has removed the factory from the kitchen and planted it In tha Institution, leaving the averago woman with her old-time gainful occupation gone, while her husband bears a double burden, as best he can, under changed conditions which he and his wife ought to be allowed to readjust to suit them selves, without the interference of any arbitrary laws. When a "Shepard" places the wedding ring upon the finger of a "Gould." using the time-honored phrase "with all my worldly goods I thee endow," the public looks on and smiles at the transparency of a fiction as ludicrous as it is Inappropriate. But, when the average woman re signs a gainful occupation outside of the home for the condition of servi tude without salary which falla to the lot of most women In tha average walks of life within the home, and after a brief experience In such a po sition desires to exchange her God endowed capacities of Intellect for tha domestic services in her kitchen, of a woman less mentally equipped (plus the balance of her salary to use as she pleases), the men who sit in Judgment on her domestic relations and punish her for being married, ought to be brought to book. This Is what I strug gled to get the ballot for you for, my daughters of the store, the schoolroom, the office, the sick room or any other gainful occupation you may desire to enter, without being compelled to bow the knee to any legal board or board of officers. After all wifehood and motherhood shall have been enfran chised long enough to secure the proper recognition of domestlo services within the home, few women will be tempted to leave the home to earn the compe tence that ought to belong to them within its walls, by cemmon consent of all concerned. Let the fact be known and recog nized everywhere that matrimony Is a business, and that the mothering and raising of children Is the most neces sary and ought to be the most gainful occupation under the sun, and we shall have small use for such slurs against the average husband who lets his wife earn money as have recently appeared In anonymous printa All man are not money-makers, nor should married women be servants without salaries in the home or anywhere else. ABIGAIL SCOTT DUNIWAT. Rights of Married Woman. DUFUR, Or, June SO. (To the Ed itor.)!. Does a woman, after mar riage, relinquish her right to vota in a school election? 2. When was the law passed. If It exists, that a woman cannot hold of fice as school director If the property is in her husband's name? MRS. C. F. GALLIGAN. ' 1. No. Marriage has nothing what ever to do with the qualification for voting. If a wife, upon marriage, re relinquishes all of her property to her husband, she forfeits her qualification, as property ownership Is the sole ground for eligibility. 2. No such law was ever passed. In general, office-holders must be legal voters for that office. If a woman owns property In her own name, either before or after marriage, she Is en titled to vote in school elections and hold the office of school director. In districts of the first class, like Tort land, the woman must own property to hold the office of school director, but In smaller districts of the second and third class, where other than prop erty qualifications are considered, there is a question as whether or not a school officer must be a property owner. Common Words Mispronounced. PORTLAND. July 2. (To the Edi tor.) With reference to the mispro nunciation of words, W. B. Emerson calls attention to automobiles and chauffeur. These are comparatively new words with which we have to get familiar, but I have in mind two very old words that are much abused, vli: February and idea A gentleman of my acquaintance giving Information to the public daily. Invariably omits the first r In February, pronouncing It Febuary, and say: "That's the Idee," emphasizing the 1. Of course, he knows better, and would not misspell either word. C B- PYE- Fast Runs by Steamers. lemnii n Julv 1 (To the Edi tor.)!. What is the fastest time any ocean steamer nas maae 1am run irom San Francisco to Portland, dock to j i. 4 whet la tha fastest time that any of the "Big Three'' has made the run from oar 10 oar. nu wmuu steamer? DAILY READER. cin.rnf Pi r Tsxr.mh IS. 1912. dock to dock, 41 hours. 10 mlnutea 2. There are no oniciai iigurea. ine Beaver Is said to hold the record at about 30 hours. Plenty Good Advice. Exchange, -v.., ninhah1v a-et anourh rood ad- rice, but you can't live on It Twenty-Five Year Ago From Ths Orefonlan af July 8, 1. Halley. I. T, July 2. The enUre business portion of Halley. axespt fiwlft & Regan's and S. J. Friedman's, was destroyed by fire this morning. It was Incendiarism, the fire being et In the Nevada Hotel. The loss la estimated between Jioo.OOO and 1750,000. Astoria, July . Mrs. Susan Wirt, an aged lady residing at Clstsop, and Mrs. Lizzie Wirt her daughter-in-law. ware thrown from a buckboard by a run away team on the seashore yestarday. Mrs. Lizzie Wirt Is dead and the old lady is In danger of dying. Yesterday morning Robert MoMonlae fell from the second floor of the har ness store of his brother through an elevator shaft and was severely In jured. A. M. Llewellyn, City Recorder of East Portland, left for Tamhlll on a vacation last evening. Colonel N. B. Knight attorney for W. II. Brigs, the railroad commis sioner appointed by Governor pen noyer. has applied to the Supreme Court for a rehearing. Tho new Albina City Council took the oath of office last evening. A new grocery store has been opened on Russell street, near Williams ave nue. This neighborhood Is getting to be quite a business canter. ome five yeara ago there waa nothing In the vi cinity but brush stumps and forest, with only a footpath through the tan gled bushes. Rev. O. M. Felrce hss purchased a lot on Abernethy avenue, and la hav ing a home built thereon. Miss Lurla Griffin will give an elo cutionary entertainment this evening at mlthson's 11 all. A. B. Manley has gone on a business trip to Tacoma. Mrs. Dr. Weatherford has gone to Hillsdale to camp with her daughter, Mrs. David Steal. The contract for constructing the free swimming baths has bean 1st to It U. Cooms at (1 100. not including painting. Only about 1700 has bean collected, but the committee relies on tha gen erosity of the citizens to make up the deficiency. The baseball game which Tha Dallas and Arlington clubs were to have played at Arlington last Kunday did not come off. The Dalles had one game to their credit and to make sute of another they sent to Tortland and en gaged Landis, McAndrlea, Uarson and other players of the Portlanda. Whan the Arllngtons heard of thla they sent a man to Portland, who engaged Tom Parrott and live others of the Willam ette. Tha Dalles nine got word nf this action and did not show up at alt Mrs. P. F. Moray, wife of the gen eral manager of the Willamette Falls Eectrlo Company, died at tha country residence near Oswego yestarday. The high license law raising retail liquor licenses from 1300 to 1400 par annum and wholesale licenses from 0 to 1100 want into effect yesterday. The Are board yesterday elected T. Brook Trevett president and re-elected seoretary Weidlar. An Orchard of file Own. Judge. "Then you can't get me a govern ment plum?" "No," said Renator Wombat; "but what's one paltry government plum? I have secured for you some plum seeds from tha department of agriculture. Qo home and start an orchard of your own. my frlenrt." Yankee Brains for Potentates Features for Sunday. It takes an Araerirnn thinking man to puida some rulers. Yuan Shi-Kai has just hired a Yankee to help him run China. The Yankee will do the thinking and Yuan will draw tha credit. But this in noth insf new. Scores of Americans have done similar jobs in many parts of the world. Their rrmark ablo exploits are r-et down in a full-page article, illustrated with photos. Grooming the Yachts. The slock craft that will battle for the American cup in Septem ber arc now pcttin; into hpe. The romantic story of this bijc event, with the preparatioai for it, is told in an illustrated papo srtiele, in colors. Newport's Wonder Temple. A unique front-page feature in colors which discloses the latest fad in exotic architecture of tha idle rich at tho greatest of Sum mer resorts. Tha Backslider. An illustrated short stoiy by Gifford Hall. Husbanda Wanted. Apply to Kin Lndwig, of Ba varia, whose five rrinre.-s daugh ters are proving a dnijr on the matrimonial market. An illustrated article from a Munich correspond ent of The Orejronian. Destruction In Mexico. Another first-hand study of con ditions in ehaotia Mexico by a apo eial representative of The Oregon ian, who is now in Coahuila. Harrison Fisher. This coming Sunday the famous artist's "American Girl Abroad" is in Paris in the midst of the latest creations in fashion. Keeping in Condition. Mike Donovan, the "dean of boxers," tells how he baa kept fit and helped some of the leadinff Americans to robust health. New Scientific Wondera. An illustrated page setting down some .recent discoveries and re markabla facts in the realms of science. LawTenca Longlcgs. A new feature for tha children, together with a whole papa of in teresting drawing and storiea. An Immense Volume and Variety of Other Matter. Order today of your newsdealer. A