THE 3IORXTXG OREGOXIAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 1, 1914.
10
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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JULY X, ieia.
mil, BUT NOT IMPEACHED.
If the self-constituted guardians of
the Independence) and Integrity of the
courts wish to ward off a demand for
recall of Federal Judges, they must
find a better way to dispose of such
cases as that of Judge Emory Speer,
of the Southern District of Georgia,
than has been offered by the majority
of the subcommittee of the House
Judiciary committee, which Invest!
gated the charges made against him,
The subcommittee finds that many
of Judge Speer's official acts, while In
themselves legal, "When taken to-
" gather develop Into a system tending
to approach a condition of tyranny
and oppression.
The committee's report concludes
thus:
If Judge Bpeer'a judicial acts in the fu
ture are marked by the rigorous and inflex
ible hanhness shown by this record, these
charges hang as a portentous cloud over his
court. Impairing his usefulness. Impeding the
Administration oi jusuco, uu auvwasuut
(he Integrity of American lrstltutlona.
After making such a damning state
ment of Judge Speer's utter unfitness
to exercise Judicial power, the major
ity of the subcommittee merely re
grets Its Inability either to recommend
a complete acquittal of Judge Speer
of all culpability, so far as these
charges are concerned on the one
band, or an Impeachment on the other
hand."
This conclusion simply doubles the
strong caused by the Judge's proved
unfitness. We have been told repeat
edly that public .respect for the ma
jesty 'of the law must be based on
confidence In the Integrity of tne
courts, yet this committee says the
record in Judge Speer's case "presents
a series of legal oppressions and shows
an abuse of Judicial discretion which,
though falling short of Impeachable
offenses, demand condemnation and
criticism." How can a Judge thus
branded Inspire confidence? How
can those who appear in his court re
spect a law which continues to use an
Instrument thus formally declared to
lack one of the first qualifications of a
Judge strict adherence to Justice In
all his acts and words? Stripped by
the committee's condemnation of the
last claim to public confidence In his
fairness, Judge Speer is set free to
continue performing the functions he
has abused.
In failing to ask Congress to apply
the provisions of the Constitution to
Judge Speer's case, the subcommittee
has by Implication condemned the es
tablished practice of Congress with
regard to removal of judges. Although
the Constitution provides that Judges
"shall hold their offices during good
behavior," it has been assumed that
they hold office for life unless re
moved on Impeachment and convic
tion. It has been assumed that the
"other high crimes and misdemean
ors" besides treason and bribery, for
which "the President, Vice-President
and all civil officers" may be removed
are limited to Indictable offenses. The
section limiting penalties in impeach
ment cases to removal from and dis
qualification for office provides also
that "the party convicted shall never
theless be liable and subject to In
dictment, trial, Judgment and punish
ment according to law." This provi
sion, taken In conjunction with 'the
one that Judges shall hold office dur-
ing good behavior. Implies that they
may be removed for causes which are
not Indictable, yet many a judge
known to be unfit has been permitted
to hold office for life simplybecause
his disqualifications did not consti
tute an indictable offense. The report
on Judge Speer has reduced the con
sruction placed on the Constitution
by Congress to an absurdity, for it has
declared his behavior bad, yet has de
clared that there is no remedy.
The Constitution clearly admits of a
remedy and It Is the duty of Congress
to supply one. The "good behavior"
clause suggests one short of Impeach
ment. The Impeachment clause,
rightly construed, supplies another,
but so cumbersome and so fraught
with waste of time which should be
devoted to legislation that new ma
chinery should be created In the Sen
ate for trying Impeachments. In
Massachusetts the Governor has power
to remove a judge on petition from
the Legislature, and this power has
been exercised In the cases of men
who were clearly unfit, though they
could not have been convicted on im
peachment under the practice of Con
gress. Had a similar law been passed
by Congress, Judge Speer could have
been removed without impeachment.
If Congress does not soon provide
for such cases as that of Judge Speer,
the demand for recall of Federal
Judges. will grow louder until It can
not be ignored. The people will not
tolerate having men of this character
turned loose by Congress to try them
for crime or to adjudicate their dis
putes after a committee of Congress
hasv branded them' as tyrants and
oppressors.
CALL FOR ROOTS RETtRX GENE RAX.
The New York Times expression of
an earnest desire that Elihu Root will
reconsider his decision dot to seek re
election to the Senate Is echoed by
newspapers of all parties in all parts
of the country. Democrats and Pro
gressives appear to recognize the value
to their own parties of a strong oppo
sition leader and the Philadelphia
Ledger sums up the case by saying:
-"A man of that caliber is a great
National asset." The Times itself
pronounces Mr. Root's re-election a
matter of National concern.
It is to the Interest of the Nation
that Its best men in all parties should
he the active leaders. It Is to the
Interest of each party that other par
ties should be so led. The best spur
to high achievement bV a party is the
criticism of able, high-minded oppo
nents. Necessary as parties are to a
democratic form of government, one
great disadvantage Is that the heat of
party strife often causes retirement of
most valuable men to private life. It
were to be desired that men like Mr.
Root, who hrough shining ability,
high character and long experience
have won eminence could be retained
in active touch with public affairs in
some such manner as Japan drafts her
veterans Into the body of elder states
men. This applies with equal force
to such men as Richard Olney among
the Democrats.
If New York were to prevail on her
senior Senator to reconsider his deci
sion, phe would honor herself, would
atone for having sent such men as
Piatt and Edward Murphy to the Sen
ate and would render a service to the
Nation.
AXSWEKED. '
Mr. Wlthycombe's answer to Mr.
ITRen's open letter Is precisely what
it should have been if it-be granted
that he ought to have noticed the
ITRen letter at all. Mr. tTRen called
for a public reply to a question as to
whether Mr. Withycombe is for pro
hibition. His sole motive was, of
course, to involve the Republican can
didate for Governor in a troublesome
be-damned-if-you - do - be-damned-lf-you-don't
dilemma. It was a very
skillful trap, Into which Mr. "Withy
combe declined to step.
The Republican party has not de
clared for or against prohibition, and
Mr. Withycombe has no right to com
mit it, as its candidate, to one side
or the other. His personal attitude
is his own business. But his position
as Governor is certainly the public';
business. If prohibition shall carry,
Governor Withycombe will enforce the
law. No one has a right to demand
that Mr. Withycombe say more; no
one who knows him would expect him
Aft flnvArnnr to do less. '
But Mr. Withycombe 'now -naturally
desires to know why Mr. ITRen dl
rected his letter to him, and not to
Dr. Smith, the Democratic candidate
or Mr. Gill, the Progressive candidate ?
Has ITRen an understanding with
them, as he plainly Implies, that they
will Join him in advocating state and
National prohibition, if Mr. Withy
combe will also Join? If he has no
such understanding why does he as-
sume that their consent may be read
ljy obtained ? Or if he has such an
understanding what are its terms .'
Now that Mr. ITRen knows where
Mr. Withycombe stands, let him state
what he knows about the Smith and
the Gill attitude toward prohibition
If he knows nothing, it is up to him
to find out, and to give the public
the result.
The ITRen letter was, of course, an
adroit attempt to play a political trick
on Mr. Withycombe. It failed. If he
had succeeded in committing Mr.
Withycombe to prohibition, and Dr.
Smith and Mr. Gill as well, as he pre
tended to desire, what possible excuse
could Mr. ITRen have had for per
slsting in his candidacy as a prohibi
tionist, with no issue between him and
the other candidates?
TOCK EGCS.
If among the fresh Oregon ranch
eggs you have been taking home In
your market basket during the past
Winter and Spring, you discovered a
little brown specimen, you probably
thought that that particular Oregon
hen had not done her full duty by
you; and you ruminated, over tne
splendid example for all worthy hens
set by that admirable Oregon Agri
cultural College biddy, which laid an
egg a day (nearly) for a year. But
you would have done a great injustice
to all deserving Oregon hens if you
blamed her for the smallness and
brownness of that particular egg. For
the chances are that it came from
China. By buying it and creating a
market for that egg, you deprived the
Oregon producer of a customer for at
least one egg.
But this is not the story of a single
egg. It is the record of a great many
similar eggs which have been, brought
to Portland from far-off China and
have been eaten in" and around Port
land. '
The present tariff went Into effect
October 3, 1913. On that day the
Chinese egg was emancipated, for the
wide and rich markets of America
were then thrown open. The tariff of
five cents a dozen was removed. That
five cents was enough to make neg-
ligibfe the shipments of Chinese eggs
to America.
In December, 1913, the customs-
house records show that 1137 dozen
China eggs were entered at Portland.
In January, 1914, there were 1125
dozen.
In February, 1914, China seems to
have awakened to a realization of the
opportunities here, for the shipments
mounted to 6200 dozen.
In March there was a great jump to
184,925 dozen.
In April there was a drop to 60,625
dozen; and in May, 1914, there were
only 1727 dozen.
But let not the worried Oregon pro
ducer assume that China has gone out
of the egg-exporting Industry. In
June egg containers, valued at $7226,
were shipped from Portland to Shang
hai. Next Winter these containers
will return, laden with little brown
eggs.
It Is the golden Wilson era of the
New Freedom. The New Freedom, as
expressed in the Wilson tariff. Insists
on looking upon a Chinese egg as the
equal of an American egg. No one
has a right to entertain even a psycho
logical suspicion that a small brown
Chinese egg is not as good as a large,
white, pure, fresh American, egg.
EUGENIC MARRIAGE.
The Wisconsin Supreme Court re
cently sustained the eugenic marriage
law, though by a divided vote. It
would seem as if a measure so accu
rately In accord with humanity and
common sense should have received
unanimous support from the judges,
but it did not. One of the dissenters
was Justice Marshall, whose argu
ments against eugenic marriage re
quirements we are privileged to learn
from his published opinion. His posi
tion is that "to marry Is a natural
right" which the law may regulate but
may not "destroy or impair.
We have not of late years been very
much impressed with the validity of
these so-called "natural rights." A
man has a natural right to satisfy his
hunger with any food he can lay hands
upon but the law has seriously im
paired It without complaint from such
men as Justice Marshall. Each of us
has a natural right to kill his enemies
and eat them if he can but the law
has so frowned upon its exercise that
It is as good as obliterated. The nat
ural right to eat with one's fingers has
suffered a melancholy impairment by
a social convention which ha3 more
han the force of most laws.
A great many oi these vaunted nat
ural rights have gone the way of all
flesh and more of them are likely to
follow before long, to the Immense
benefit of the. world. The mere fact
'that nature prompts us to do cruel,
repulsive and beastly acts does not
justify obedience to its movings In civ.
ilized, Christian society. 'Caliban was
urged by his nature to exercise the
right of marrying Miranda but he was
Interfered with and no spectator of
the Tempest regrets that he was. Nat
ural rights are all very well as long
as they do not injure other individuals
or society as a whole. . When they do
it is best to restrict or annihilate them.
We nay grant that "to marry is a
natural right" without in the least
conceding that a debauched and dis
eased suitor should be permitted to
conceal his condition from the girl he
is wooing and wishes to marry. She
also, poor thing, ' has some natural
rights which he is bound to respect
and among them is the very primitive
right to bodily health.
- Justice Marshall tries to slip round
this point in genuine legal fashion by
saying that "it is within the power of
every prospective bride or her parents
to demand evidence of the purity of
her prospective husband." This sounds
pretty Just after he has said that "few
doctors are able to obtain" such evi
dence. But anything to make out a
case for the adversary.
The only satisfactory way for a girl
or her parents to get reliable informa
tion about a wooer's health is by a
thorough medical examination. Jus
tice Marshall's remark that to require
such an examination from prospective
husbands "casts suspicion of immoral
ity and criminality of the most serious
nature UDon them" is childish. A
great many of them richly deserve
precisely such suspicion, but no mat
ter about that. According to Justice
Marshall's argument the oath which
every witness much take "casts sus
picion" upon his veracity. The oath
to support the Constitution which the
President must take strongly implies
that he would betray the country if he
dared. Soldiers who salute the flag
under military regulations lay them
selves by that act under the suspicion
that they despise it. The best place
for such arguments Is bedlam, not the
Supreme Bench.
No young man who has been prop
erly reared and who has done nothing
to be ashamed of will balk at a strict
medical examination before marriage
If he does balk "it is pretty good evi
denc'e that his sweetheart would be
wise to think twice before she weds
him.
A THOUGHT OF GOETHE.
On the memorial which the Chicago
Germans have presented to Lincoln
Park 'It Is proposed to inscribe some
nrecnant sentence from' Goethe. No
better source of wisdom and insplra-
tion could be found. Goethe's "Faust'
has often been called the Bible of the
modern world. His genius was uni
versal, his character so broadly hu
man that he stands as the representa
tive in many respects of the whole race
of mankind. No poet since Shake
speare has spolsen with Goethe's all-
inclusive appeal. His philosophy of
life is easily summarized. Reason is
the exfre foundation. ' Upon this we
may build a superstructure of emo
tion, fancy, faith. But whatever is
built upon a foundation other than
reason is destined sooner or later to
topple over.
REVIVAL tNDEB A HANDICAP.
Business is reviving, but the revival
Is no more psychological than was the
depression. The depression was due
to the blighting effect of the Under
wood tariff; the revival is due to the
bounty which nature is pouring into
the hands of the farmers, to be dis
tributed by them through all trade
channels. Democracy has done all it
can to paralyze industry, but it can
not control the weather and the produc
tiveness of the soil. .Hence prosperity
is slowly returning in spite of, not
because of. Democratic legislation.
The evidences of depression were
abundant before the bumper wheat
crop became certain; signs of activity
and of returning prosperity became
apparent only after it became certain.
Doubt on that point still prevailed well
along in June and business then was
still on the downgrade. In the second
week of June bank clearings of the
United States were 9.7 per cent less
than In the corresponding week of
1913 and in Philadelphia, the prlnci
pal manufacturing city, were 19.3 per
cent less. The steel trusts unfilled
orders- were about half as great on
May 31 as at the beginning of the
Wilson Administration. Idle cars on
the railroads numbered 242,672 on
May 31, as compared with 60,291 on
the same date last year. Ore ship
ments from Lake Superior in May
were 3,852,063 against 7,284,212 in
May, 1913. Gross earnings of rail
roads In May showed a decrease of
11.42 per cent. Building permits in
77 cities during the first five months
of 1914 show a falling off of $22,271,
949 compared with the same period of
last year. Liabilities of concerns in
volved irP bankruptcies during May
were $23,447,496, as against $16,863
804 in May last year.
The tide turned when harvest began
and It promises to get stronger
towards prosperity as harvest ad
vances, bpt there is a Wilson handi
cap to overcome in the shape of in
creasing Imports and decreasing ex
ports of manufactured goods. In the
first seven months under the Under
wood tariff, ending April 30, the exr
cess of exports over imports was re
duced $137,405,196. What produced
this change can be judged from the
effect of the Underwood tariff on the
woolen industry alone. Imports of
woolen goods grew from $2,254,210 In
the first three months of 1913, to
$7,664,370 In the same period of this
year, the sales by Bradford, England's
great woolen manufacturing center, to
the United States having increased
280 per cent in that period. In May
Bradford's exports of worsted yarns
were 283,600 pounds against ozuu
pounds in May, 1913. Western wool-
growers are selling off their sheep to
be turned into mutton, for they are
not deceived by the temporarily good
prices due to a world's shortage. Fac
tories and mills have been running
forty to sixty per cent of capacity,
railroads employ the smallest number
of men possible on repair' and con
struction work and new enterprises
launched In May call for about one
third the amount of capital repre
sented by those of May, 1913.
A man's power to consume is re
duced to the minimum of subsistence
when he ceases to produce. Multiply
that one by the vast number of men
now out of employment and we can
conceive of the blighting effect of un
employment on Industry In general
when the market for its products Is
shrunk by diminution in consuming
power. Thus poverty passes along the
line, touching each one as 'it passes.
Prosperity Is returning, but in a
measure reduced by legislation which
takes employment from American la-
bor 'and capital to give It to for
eigners.
Woolen mills may sell more cloth
next Fall, but they will divide the
trade with Europe. Steel mills prob
ably can comjte -with those of Eu
rope, but they would sell more in the
United States if the woolen mills and
shingle mills demanded more steel to
install more machinery and If heavier
traffic on railroads demanded more
rails, cars and engines. American
sawmills may sell more lumber and
shingles, but that will be .because
British Columbia cannot yet supply
the entire demand. W4 can raise a
certain structure of prosperity on the
good times which have come to agri
culture, but it cannot be as solid when
built on a foundation of idle mills
and idle workmen as it would be if
built on a foundation of full employ
ment at good wages to all.
The Oregonian prints elsewhere on
this page the official report from The
Congressional Record of a speech by
Representative Lafferty, on April 2,
1914, wherein that gentleman gives
the world the benefit of his views on
the proper pay of a Congressman. It
is thus shown that Lafferty insisted
that a Representative should have
$10,000 a year, and said he would
vte for such a bill. It appears also
that he demanded his -full ounce of
flesh on the mileage graft (twenty
cents per mile) for every Congres
sional session. Sometimes this mile
age is constructively earned by actual
travel and sometimes it is not. It does
not appear to be necessary for The
Oregonian to do aught but cite the
record in response to the absentee
Congressman's late uproar aboutv-hat
It had to say as to his position on the
mileage graft.
Is it not wonderful to reflect that
nearly every bootblack' in Portland
can read Greek? You may catch
them in the act any hour of the day.
Still more wonderful is it that they
can actually speak Greek. If all Is
true that the professors claim for
their language these black-haired lads
must without exception be intellectual
prodigies. Their modern dialect dif
fers from Plato's Attic hardly more
than Attic from Doric. It Is strange
that they do not find some other way
to ' show their brain-power than by
shining shoes.
Professor E. A. Steiner, of Iowa Col
lege, Is publishing his autobiography
in serial form. It Is interesting be
cause he has done -in a man's way
much the same feat that Mary Antin
did as a woman. He came here a
poor and friendless Russian Jew. He
is now a man of fame and influence.
Professor Steiner believes that Amer
ican citizenship would be more highly
valued by the common immigrant if
it were harder to acquire. His opinion
is worth considering.
In indicting New Haven railroad
officials and their associated bankers
and brokers, a Massachusetts grand
Jury has used most coarse language.
quite unbecoming as applied to such
great men. Surely some more eu
phemistic phrase could have been
found than "conspired to steal and did
steal." We seem to be coming to the
point where no distinction is drawn
between a high financier and a tlll
robber. The House is in favor of paying
claims of West Pointers who Jumped
to the Confederate-Army at the out
break of the Civil War, while the In
dian war veteran continues to wait
watchfully for justice.
The President confesses that the
San Domingan situation Is "very mud
dled. So is everything else that his
Secretary of State has taken In hand.
As a muddler Mr. Bryan has been a
grand success.
Sir Edward Grey says President
Wilson's motives were of the best in
giving over the canal. It was a mag
nificent act from a purely British
standpoint.
Schumann-Heink has been permitted
by law to casVoff the name Mrs. Rapp.
No one ever kTTew her name was Rapp,
anyway,until the divorce squabble.
The slain Archduke carried $12,-
000,000 insurance. Sooner or later in
surance companies will have to elim
inate royaltyas too great a risk.
The energy spent some weeks ago
in swatting the fly produced results.
The Insect is not In so much evidence
as usual on the first of July.
Madrid women sacked 400 bakeries
when the price of bread was raised.
That's one way of fighting the high
living cost.
Monmouth will celebrate the Fourth
for the first time in twenty-five years
and about all of Polk County will
help her.';
Chief Justice Ailshle, of Idaho
shows commendable honor in resign
ing before making the race for Sen
ator.
Skepticism as to the Administra
tion's Mexican policy is spreading.
Surely no one was ever deceived by it.
Bryan had better call Minister Naon
in for another hurried conference or
mediation will blow up completely.
President Wilson signs the bill for
two dreadnoughts. They are handy
even In watchful waiting.
Louisiana has launched a big organ
ized campaign of extermination on
rodents. Rough on rats.
The calendar favors celebrating the
Fourth this year. The tired one has
all Sunday for rest
It Is found that the Nation's income
has slightly declined. Purely psycho
logical. Truth is stranger than fiction and
Mellen outstrips J. Rufe Wallingford.
Villa Is bound to win since he has
added a bathtub to his artillery. '
European royalty is shown to be a
wretched and unhappy lot.
Lay by a bit of money for the Fresh-
Air fund.
The day of the Summer widower Is
at hand.
Warm weather comparisons are
odious.
The northwest breeze Is a Portland
asset.
The water Is fine at Astoria.
LAFFERTY A.D MILEAGE! GRAFT
Where the Oregon Congressman Stands
on a Treasury Grab.
From the Congressional Record, April 2,
1914, page 6-123-6426.
Mr. Lafferty Mr. Chairman, I am
unalterably opposed to the provision In
this bill cutting down the allowance
now made to each Senator and Rep
resentative for traveling expenses. No
better example of the complete sur
render of the legislative branch of
the Government to the Executive could
be found than is embodied in this bill.
The President is allowed a salary of
$75,000 a year. In addition he is al
lowed $25,000 for household expenses,
making $100,000. But that is not all.
By law he is allowed an additional
$25,000 for traveling expenses.
Now, we did not get our mileage for
the last session of Congress. It has
been said that a bill would be brought
In to pay our mileage for the second
session of this Congress except for
the fact that President Wilson, in his
desire to serve the people, would veto
tne Dili to pay us our mileage.
I wonder if President Wilson would
veto a bill appropriating his $25,000
for his mileage? I say he would not.
Now, he gets even more than the $125,
000 I enumerated, because he gets $73.-
440 a year clerk hire for the Exec
utive office, making a total of nearly
200,0Qfi. There is no suggestion from
the Democratic appropriation commit
tee of cutting down any of these Items,
but instead they increase these items.
A Senator or Representative draws a
salary of $7600 only. True, he Is al
lowed $1500 a year for clerk hire, but it
takes more than that to pay bis clerical
help. So that while a Senator or Kep
resentative draws $7600 net, and pay
his own living expenses, the President
draws $76,000 net, is allowed $25,00
additional for living expenses, and 1
allowed another $25,000 a year for
traveling expenses.
Now it is proposed to cut down th
allowances of the Senators and Rep
resentatives, as regards traveling ex
penses, to the actual cost of a ticket
to and from Washington once each
year, including the members of his im
mediate family. This will require tn
Senator or Congressman to pay out of
his salary all his other traveling ex
penses. Besides, he will have to pay
out of his salary for his living ex
penses. printing, and extra clerical
help.
No Senator or member of Congres
can live and pay all his expenses ou
of this salary of .$7500 without the
most rigid economy. The thoughtless
will answer at once, Let him resign
plenty of otluers are willing to take
his place." As for myself, I am per
fectly willing to quit congress any
time. And I am perfectly willing to
stay In Congress and fight Sot the
rights of the common people oi mi
country so long as they desire my ser
vices. But if the common people are
wise, they will see to it that Congress
men and Senators are paid sufficien
remuneration so that they will not be
forced to look elsewhere than to the
people themselves for their support or
exnenses. (Applause).
The special interests of this country
would like to see the. salaries ana ai
lowances of Senators and Representa
tives so low that no one except
grafter or a rich man could afford to
serve in either branch of Congress.
Some highbrows do not think now that
any man has any business running for
Congress unless ne nas surricieni mi
tune to make a splurge in Washington
.aHMv without the aid of his salary.
A Congress made up of that kind of
men would certainly suit tne piuto
f-i-ata rf3cactlv. (AoDlause.)
When the salaries of Senators and
Rpnresentatives are raised to 10,uuu
a year, then I will favor cutting out
mileage, but not before. Their salaries
should bo $10,000 a year, and I would
vote for a bill to fix that amount to-
dav. if I had the opportunity.
At $10,000 a year tne on eenaiuis
and Congressmen would araw pay
annually amounting to $5,33U,uuu. inai
would cost each citizen only 64 cents
per year.
rjivo ma a Coneress completely dl
vorced from all special Interests, and
drawing salaries sufficient to live on
and defend their positions without any
outside financial help, and I will re
duce the cost of living to people of
America more than 5 cents per head
each year for the next 30 years.
see
T fnvoi- decent salaries for Senators
and Representatives and then proniD
itlng them from taking outside fees.
I have a bill to prohibit Senators .and
Tf-resnnttlves from taking outside
tikv. or if they do to file a statement
of it with tne tJierK oi mo "
thn Clerk of the Senate annually unaer
p hliln of that kind and you
will indirectly save for the people of
the United States annually Dy compell
ing honest legislation more than you
will ever lose by paying $10,000 a year
to Senators and representatives for
salaries. - The people snouia mane mo
Senators and Representatives moo
pendent, and then demand that they
work solely for the people. (Applause).
I shall now be glad to answer any
questions that any gentleman may de
sire to asK.
T.ff Pvms. of Tennessee Mr. Chair
mJr. t-iiB rentleman makes complaint,
as 1 understand it, because Congress
has not allowed mileage ior tne proo
t ointi. I want to ask the gentle
man if he really thinks the Treasury
ought to be taxed to pay the member
of Congress mileage for the present
session in view of the fact that the
f cooclnn ran into the present ses
sion and nobody went home unless he
went home upon private Dusiness:
.i ,ffAriv I will answer that in
this way: Practically every member of
this House went home some time in
the. -Fall of 1913. I went home and
... .Ai.affiiAn went home.
tTr- TivrTiB of Tennessee If the
gentleman went home, he went home
at a time when Congress-was in ses-
Mr. Lafferty It was in session, but
It was not doing any business. It wa
only nominally in session.
.Mr. Bvrna -of Tennessee If he went
t,r,tr.o ha went home on private bus!
ness for his own personal pleasure or
profit, possibly, but not upon public
business.
Mr Laffertv I went home. Mr.
Chairman, as I conceived it to be my
duty to do. I went home to Portland,
Or I met business men upon the
streets, and they asked me why I a
not in Congress in Washington, as Con
gress was in session. I said to them
that Congress was nominally in ses
sion only; that there were not over
65 members in Washington; that tne
House was marking time while the
Senate was considering the currency
bill. And by going nome i leun.cu
much. that the people of the district
desired; one of the important things
that they were intensely interested in
was the immediate passage of the cur
rency bill, so as to relieve conditions.
I wired both Oregon Senators of the
sentiment, and am sure my going homo,
as it was my duty to do. resulted in
much good. Besides, I wish to remind
the distinguished gentleman from Ten
nessee (Mr Byrns) that the minority
leader (Mr. Underwood) advised all
members who desired so to do to go
home, as there would be no business
transacted in the House in November
last-Therefore, and for the other reasons
I have assigned, I say members should
not only have their usual mileage next
December, for -which we mnat appro
priate In tbia bill. If at oil, bnt we should
also appropriate to pay the usual mile
age for the present session, instead of
catting members off without iny mile
age at all for this session, as Is pro
posed. (Applause).
Japanese Type In fchlna.
London Tit-Bits.
Most of the type used 'by Chinese
printers is made in'Japan, j
AX Ore.V LETTER,- A.VD A REPLY.
Mr. TJ'Rcn to Mr. Withycombe Mr,
Withycombe to Mr. I'Hen.
OREGON CITY. Or., June 22. (An open
letter.) Dr. James Withycombe, Cor
vallis. Or. Dear Sir: Are you in favor
of state and national prohibition of the
manufacture and sale of intoxicating
liquors? Your speech last night at the
Methodist Church in this city was very
Interesting, but you did not say where
you stand on this question. Perhaps
this was an oversight, because you told
us you bad caused the discharge of one
of your subordinates tn the state's serv
ice for entering a saloon, and yoo prom
ised to enforce the laws if . you are
elected.
' If you are In favor of state and Na
tional prohibition, will yos Join with
Dr. Smith of the Democrats, Mr. GUI of
the Progressives and myself of the Pro
hibitionists, all being candidate for
Governor, in publicly- advocating the
Oregon dry amendment and national
prohibition? The issue cannot be evad
ed in this campaign. Such a public
declaration on your part will take the
liquor question out of partisan politic
in this state and very greatly increase
the majority for the adoption of the
Oregon dry amendment In November.
You are to be congratulated on having
the opportunity to render so great a
public service. Sincerely yours.
W. S. U'RE-V.
CORVALLIS. Or, June 19. (To W. S.
U'Ren. Prohibition Candidate for Gov
ernor) An open letter to me by you
ha been printed tn the public press.
You are the Prohibition candidate for
Governor, and you ask me whether 1 am
for state and National prohibition,
I do not Intend to tell you, or any
body, how I shall vote In November on
prohibition. This is not a party ques
tion. I am the Republican candidate. I
do not propose to embarrae either my
self or my party by taking a personal
part in the campaign for or against
prohibition.
But I am willing to tell you and th
public what I will do as Governor. It
will be my duty a Governor, if prohibi
tion should be adopted, to enforce the
law, and I shall do It.
I desire you to be equally candid.
What is the basis of your statement, pr
assumption, that Dr. Smith, for the
Democrats, and Mr. Gill, for the Pro
gressives, will join you In "publicly ad
vocating the Oregon dry amendment
and National prohibition?" I quote your
own words. Is It true that they hnve
Joined you? Or, if they have not. why
do you imply that they have or will?
Have you directed the ame Inquiry to
them that you have to me? If not, why
not? What is the understanding, if
any, between you and them?
JAMES WITHYCOMBE.
NEW CREATOR DESCRIBES TOWERS
Dr. Llttlefleld Sa's lie Is Able to Tra
duce Real Life.
SEATTLE, Wash., June 29 (To the
Editor.) My attention has been called
to the brief synopsis of my lecture be
fore the New Thought Convention on
"The Beginning and Way of Life." of
Friday evening', June 2i, as published
in The Morning Oregonian Saturday.
The statements attributed to me are.
with few exceptions, correct. 1 have
succeeded in producing living form
from such mineral compounds as wefe
on the earth before any form of life ap
peared. These Include many specimens
of the Crustacea, radiata. and tne verie
brata. In other words, shells, crabs,
star-fish, octopi. fish and reptiles; ml
croscoplc In size but possessing all the
functions of living things.
The laws underlying their production
disprove the Darwinian theory of evo
lution. In this particular the state
ments in The Oregonian are Incorrect.
-Mv experiments prove the Mosaic
theory of life s origin as recorded in
Genesis. "Let the earth bring forth iiv
ing creatures each after Its kind." This
law of kind" may be expressed as tne
law of composition. In this law there
Is no suggestion of "a struggle for ex
istence; the survival of the fittest; nor
of natural selection." I did not declare
my belief in the Darwinian theory, nor
didT exhibit a slide showing man's
develoDment from the ape.
On the contrary. I showed that wnne
the same forms of matter enter into all
forms of life, vegetable and animal
yet the difference in species are de
termined by variations in composi
tion.
This fundamental law of biology, a
well as the others i presented, are all
susceptible of demonstration.
Those who flippantly question my
statements. I shall have to class. I fear.
with those medieval Jesuits who um
moned the distinguished Italian pny
lcist Galileo before the tribunal of the
Inauisition., To these I commend hi
Immortal statement: "and yet the world
moves."
CHARLES W. LITTLEFIELD. M. V.
Questions Answered.
ASTORIA Or.. June 27. (To the
Editor.) Kindly answer the following
question:
o. What Is the fastest time
ateamer has made the run from San
Vrsncisco to Portland, dock to docK
A. Steamer Bear, arriving here De
cember 13, 1913; time, 41 hours and
A miniites.
q. What Is the faBtest time any of
the "Blsr Three" vessels have maue
th run from bar to bar?
A. Actual time, not omciai, ti
hours, made by etjeamer Beaver.
A Cue of Special Privilege.
Philadelphia Ledger.
Wife I've discharged the cook, dear.
She used uch dreadful language thli
afternoon.
Huh What kind of language?
Wife Well Oh, the sanio kind you
use, you know.
Disqualified as a Lover.
London Punch.
She Lizzie's bloke culls 'er 'la peach
and the happle of Ms heye. Why can't
von call me things HKe tnair
Ht Yus. that s very wen; oui es m
the vegetable business. Hi'm In the
fish trade, remember.
Rare June Day
By Dean Collin.
I sing of June, when the world's In
tune
With the dreamy airs that the south
winds croon,
nd birds of Slay, on the field or tree,
Inan In Summer maturity.
(I sing of June and I might sing
worse
Because it s the stuff in topical verse.)
Rin skies throb in the noon-day shine,
Meadow are tangled with columbine.
Clover and pinks and larkspurs new.
And burdock, stiff with the honey-dew
fThiia over June I gaily rave.
In a room eight stories above the pave.)
Blackbirds bold on the fenceralls clink:
Trills are Jubilant bobolink;
Trembling down from the panting skle
hear from far where tne suyiarK
flies.
(Meanwhile, below, in the aspnait
street.
The sparrows seuffle and cry: "Peet!
Feet: )
sing of June, when the world in
tune;
Rlna- and sing, like, a doggone loon,
Of field and stream and the woodland's
lure.
As I sit in rising temperature.
sin of June In my jubilation
And my collar wilts with my perspiia-
tion.
L' EN VOL
Great Scott! I notice the almanac
avs June is ended. My brain l racx
And feverishly for a wht'.e I try
To sing a lyric about July ,
But whether July or June l sinr :
My collar will wilt; my shirt will cling J
Twenty-Five Yer Ago
From The Oregonian of July 1. 1SS!.
Residents of Portlnnd from 1I"0 to
1875 will well remember that journalist
ic Bohemian. John Mortimer Murphy.
He was editorially connected with the
old Hirald and subsequently with (lie
Bulletin, both of. which have long been
numbered with thljiK of the pst. II
left Oregon more than 10 year n
and has since resided on both side c(
the Atlantic. He I now secretary of
the Florida Field Sport Association.
When John Steffen turns over the
steamer Alliance to her owners.
wlll be practically a new boat.
TheLadles' Social Union of tb Al
blna M. E. Church ha chartered th
steamer Multnomah for an excursion to
Astoria July 4.
"These are good times for surveyors"
said a member of the profession yes
terday. "Ther I four times a much
now being don In the surveying Una
not only in and around Portland but
In the country town, a aver before in
the history of the state. Nearly v-ry
bill in the vicinity of th city I belnK
contoured and mapped and laid o'U
with roads, and there Is alo a lot of
land being cleared and grubbed.
Grimes House This flrst-cl hotel
on Clatsop Besi-h Is now open with Mr.
Montgomery Crime and hi estimable
wife In complete control.
Typholdx fever, which a few weak
ago almost npproar-hed an cpldanilc
form is perceptibly derrexe In.
A large amount of wood has been
stored on the terrace road on Hoffman a
Hill.
Thl evening Corilray' mim and
theater at the corner of Third n-l
Vamlilll troeta will be li-rown open
with a prforiuam of "Llnwood." Mi
Essie Tittrll will assume t') )eaili-:a
role.
The Matllc Ylrker Comedy Company
will open at the .New Park Itii-ater lioit
Monday evening.
Charles A. Gardner, on of th most
talented of dialect Herman comedian,
will appear tonight In "Fatherland."
Mr. George B. Mark! and biid leave
New York today for Pittsburg:.
The executive committee of th Citi
zen' Law and Order League lias adopt
ed resolutions calling for police relorni
and approving the stand of Th Orego
nian on th suh.te-t. They ire signed
by George H. Williams, president; I".
Quackenbush, secretary pro tern; N.
J. Blazler. N S. Dygert. II. Thlelsen. L
M. I'arrlsh, A. M. Smith, Z T. Wright,
A. S. Frank. J. P. O. Lownsdal, 1 1. W.
Corhett. J. E. Haseltlne. G. M. Wells,
Thomas N. Strong, George 11 Chance, G.
M. Miller. W. J. iloneyrnan and William
Wad hanis.
Half a Century Ago
(From The Oregonian of July 1. 1864.)
Th bark II. W. Almy, Captain Free
man, sailed from San Franclaco on th
22d for this city, having on board two
10-Inch and two lo-inch guns, which f h
will discharge at th mouth of the
Columbia River to b placed In th for
tifications now under construction.
Salem, Or., Jun SO. The Santlam
brigade arrived thl afternoon, vli.
Messrs. Ladd. Green, Davis, Reed, Par
rluh, Van Slyke and Loryea, ltiV hour
from Quartzvllle.
The Senate hill proposing to amend
the Constitution of th United Kutes
so as to prohibit alaveholdlng through
out th Republic received the concur
rence of the requisite two-third In th
House.
A gentleman who has Just arrived
from the East by overland atnge bi
been telling of the lmmenalty of emi
gration on the way to thl country. He
found the Piatt River 80 high that
wagon could not be taken across. At
Julesburg. a closing place, he counted
above 600 wagon, and h 1 confident
that, if all th wagons seen on the rout
were placed in line, they would extend
from Julesburg to Atchison. 400 miles.
New York. Jun 10. The Washing
ton Star last evening said Grants
army occupies a position In th pin
wood lately occupied by the rebels.
Including all their work on th south '
side of th Appomattox, thus command
ing Petersburg and the raliruad
through Petersburg, the only on be
tween Richmond and Weldon. Our
gun stop all coptlnuou communica
tion by railroad between Richmond and
other part of th South. Bo long aa
Grant choose, he ran thu hold th
enemy by the throat at Itrbuig.
Army of the rotomc, Jun it. The
attack upon the Second Corps, Jun
near Weldon Hal, road, did not, result
o disastrously a was supposed. A
gap wa left In our lln. Into which
A. P. Hill's rebel corp entered and our
men received a volley from th rer
which created a pnlo In our ranks
and caucd a rapid Tetreat to the wood
In the rear of the Third Plvllon. Thli
left th flank ot the Third Plvlsi.-ii
unprotected and the enemy rharne.l
through and talrly Into our rlfl fii.
ordering our men to surrender. Our
troops left the trenches and fell back
rapldlv, many being captured and quile
a number killed nu wounaeu. num-
hr of officer who nav just oeen s-
changad, replied when ordered to ur
render: "Death before Llbby Prison,"
and fought their way out. At t . M
a charge was mad by th 8oond Corp
and the line rrom wnirn iney wer
driven In the afternoon wa retaken.
Sari Francisco. Jun 30. Additional
Mexican new wa received by the
steamer Golden City. On Jun t five
French teamer landed BOO iroops si
Acapulco and took possession of th
town without opposition. The troops
(hen marched to Lo t,ajn rass. sev
eral miles distant, wher they wr at-
tacked by the Mexican n.i pauiy
t-hinned. Th French returned to Ac
apulco, which they are fortifying.
The City Council decided to-hav
nothina to do with the purchase of
cemetery, leaving the matter in the
hands of the citizen. Louncuman jii-
Craken, Graden ana uooonougn wei.
appointed a committee to consult wlt i
the county commissioner on the build
ing of s City Hall in connection wim
the Courthouse, now sdoui io o
erected.
July 1 finds th Multnomah County
Jail wtlhout an Inmate.
r R Burrell. of Knapp. Burrll A
Co., takes his departure for th At
lantic States on Monday.
Analysis Pays
A large manufacturer of a
branded roofing materlal made
an analysis of varlou advertis
ing mediums.
A a result of thl he ha
doubled his appropriation and Is
practically confining all hi cell
ing talks to th newspaper.
He says:
"I discovered that eaoli
dealer and approximate
ly 243 of his avallabl
customers could be
reached at a cost of lew
than ten cent by news
paper advertising."