Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 1, 1914)
THE 3IORXTXG OREGOXIAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 1, 1914. 10 ! mitmt PORTLAND, OREGON, Entered at Portland. Oregon, Poatofflc a becond-class matter. Subscription Rate Invariably In, Advance. (BT HAIL.) Dally. Sunday Included, one year ?? Ttnilv Sttnriatf Ineltided. Six mOQthl . .... ' paily, Sunday Included, three month ... 5 Daily, Sunda Included, one month ' Daily, without Sunday, one year 5.UU JjhIIv. without Sunday, six months ...... Uaily, without Sunday, three jnonlha 1.T5 Xaily, without Sunday, one mourn Weekly, one year Sunday, one year ........-.. Sunday and Weekly, one year . . (BT CARRIER) . . .60 .. 1.50 .. 2.60 .. a.oo Dally, Sunday Included, one year ftuiiv. Sundav lnclud&d. one month How to Kemlt Send postoffice money or der, expreaa order or peraonal check; on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender risk. Give postofttce address In lull. Including county and state. Footage Kate 12 a 1 page. 1 cent; 18 to il pages, 2 cent; 34 to 48 pages, 3 cents; 60 io 60 pages, 4 cents; 62 to ' pages, o cents; 78 to 92 pages, (J cents. Foreign post age, double rates. Kastern Business Office Verre Conk II n. Mew York, Brunawlak building Chi cago, Sieger building. ban Francisco Office R. J. Bldwell CoW 142 Market street. PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JULY X, ieia. mil, BUT NOT IMPEACHED. If the self-constituted guardians of the Independence) and Integrity of the courts wish to ward off a demand for recall of Federal Judges, they must find a better way to dispose of such cases as that of Judge Emory Speer, of the Southern District of Georgia, than has been offered by the majority of the subcommittee of the House Judiciary committee, which Invest! gated the charges made against him, The subcommittee finds that many of Judge Speer's official acts, while In themselves legal, "When taken to- " gather develop Into a system tending to approach a condition of tyranny and oppression. The committee's report concludes thus: If Judge Bpeer'a judicial acts in the fu ture are marked by the rigorous and inflex ible hanhness shown by this record, these charges hang as a portentous cloud over his court. Impairing his usefulness. Impeding the Administration oi jusuco, uu auvwasuut (he Integrity of American lrstltutlona. After making such a damning state ment of Judge Speer's utter unfitness to exercise Judicial power, the major ity of the subcommittee merely re grets Its Inability either to recommend a complete acquittal of Judge Speer of all culpability, so far as these charges are concerned on the one band, or an Impeachment on the other hand." This conclusion simply doubles the strong caused by the Judge's proved unfitness. We have been told repeat edly that public .respect for the ma jesty 'of the law must be based on confidence In the Integrity of tne courts, yet this committee says the record in Judge Speer's case "presents a series of legal oppressions and shows an abuse of Judicial discretion which, though falling short of Impeachable offenses, demand condemnation and criticism." How can a Judge thus branded Inspire confidence? How can those who appear in his court re spect a law which continues to use an Instrument thus formally declared to lack one of the first qualifications of a Judge strict adherence to Justice In all his acts and words? Stripped by the committee's condemnation of the last claim to public confidence In his fairness, Judge Speer is set free to continue performing the functions he has abused. In failing to ask Congress to apply the provisions of the Constitution to Judge Speer's case, the subcommittee has by Implication condemned the es tablished practice of Congress with regard to removal of judges. Although the Constitution provides that Judges "shall hold their offices during good behavior," it has been assumed that they hold office for life unless re moved on Impeachment and convic tion. It has been assumed that the "other high crimes and misdemean ors" besides treason and bribery, for which "the President, Vice-President and all civil officers" may be removed are limited to Indictable offenses. The section limiting penalties in impeach ment cases to removal from and dis qualification for office provides also that "the party convicted shall never theless be liable and subject to In dictment, trial, Judgment and punish ment according to law." This provi sion, taken In conjunction with 'the one that Judges shall hold office dur- ing good behavior. Implies that they may be removed for causes which are not Indictable, yet many a judge known to be unfit has been permitted to hold office for life simplybecause his disqualifications did not consti tute an indictable offense. The report on Judge Speer has reduced the con sruction placed on the Constitution by Congress to an absurdity, for it has declared his behavior bad, yet has de clared that there is no remedy. The Constitution clearly admits of a remedy and It Is the duty of Congress to supply one. The "good behavior" clause suggests one short of Impeach ment. The Impeachment clause, rightly construed, supplies another, but so cumbersome and so fraught with waste of time which should be devoted to legislation that new ma chinery should be created In the Sen ate for trying Impeachments. In Massachusetts the Governor has power to remove a judge on petition from the Legislature, and this power has been exercised In the cases of men who were clearly unfit, though they could not have been convicted on im peachment under the practice of Con gress. Had a similar law been passed by Congress, Judge Speer could have been removed without impeachment. If Congress does not soon provide for such cases as that of Judge Speer, the demand for recall of Federal Judges. will grow louder until It can not be ignored. The people will not tolerate having men of this character turned loose by Congress to try them for crime or to adjudicate their dis putes after a committee of Congress hasv branded them' as tyrants and oppressors. CALL FOR ROOTS RETtRX GENE RAX. The New York Times expression of an earnest desire that Elihu Root will reconsider his decision dot to seek re election to the Senate Is echoed by newspapers of all parties in all parts of the country. Democrats and Pro gressives appear to recognize the value to their own parties of a strong oppo sition leader and the Philadelphia Ledger sums up the case by saying: -"A man of that caliber is a great National asset." The Times itself pronounces Mr. Root's re-election a matter of National concern. It is to the Interest of the Nation that Its best men in all parties should he the active leaders. It Is to the Interest of each party that other par ties should be so led. The best spur to high achievement bV a party is the criticism of able, high-minded oppo nents. Necessary as parties are to a democratic form of government, one great disadvantage Is that the heat of party strife often causes retirement of most valuable men to private life. It were to be desired that men like Mr. Root, who hrough shining ability, high character and long experience have won eminence could be retained in active touch with public affairs in some such manner as Japan drafts her veterans Into the body of elder states men. This applies with equal force to such men as Richard Olney among the Democrats. If New York were to prevail on her senior Senator to reconsider his deci sion, phe would honor herself, would atone for having sent such men as Piatt and Edward Murphy to the Sen ate and would render a service to the Nation. AXSWEKED. ' Mr. Wlthycombe's answer to Mr. ITRen's open letter Is precisely what it should have been if it-be granted that he ought to have noticed the ITRen letter at all. Mr. tTRen called for a public reply to a question as to whether Mr. Withycombe is for pro hibition. His sole motive was, of course, to involve the Republican can didate for Governor in a troublesome be-damned-if-you - do - be-damned-lf-you-don't dilemma. It was a very skillful trap, Into which Mr. "Withy combe declined to step. The Republican party has not de clared for or against prohibition, and Mr. Withycombe has no right to com mit it, as its candidate, to one side or the other. His personal attitude is his own business. But his position as Governor is certainly the public'; business. If prohibition shall carry, Governor Withycombe will enforce the law. No one has a right to demand that Mr. Withycombe say more; no one who knows him would expect him Aft flnvArnnr to do less. ' But Mr. Withycombe 'now -naturally desires to know why Mr. ITRen dl rected his letter to him, and not to Dr. Smith, the Democratic candidate or Mr. Gill, the Progressive candidate ? Has ITRen an understanding with them, as he plainly Implies, that they will Join him in advocating state and National prohibition, if Mr. Withy combe will also Join? If he has no such understanding why does he as- sume that their consent may be read ljy obtained ? Or if he has such an understanding what are its terms .' Now that Mr. ITRen knows where Mr. Withycombe stands, let him state what he knows about the Smith and the Gill attitude toward prohibition If he knows nothing, it is up to him to find out, and to give the public the result. The ITRen letter was, of course, an adroit attempt to play a political trick on Mr. Withycombe. It failed. If he had succeeded in committing Mr. Withycombe to prohibition, and Dr. Smith and Mr. Gill as well, as he pre tended to desire, what possible excuse could Mr. ITRen have had for per slsting in his candidacy as a prohibi tionist, with no issue between him and the other candidates? TOCK EGCS. If among the fresh Oregon ranch eggs you have been taking home In your market basket during the past Winter and Spring, you discovered a little brown specimen, you probably thought that that particular Oregon hen had not done her full duty by you; and you ruminated, over tne splendid example for all worthy hens set by that admirable Oregon Agri cultural College biddy, which laid an egg a day (nearly) for a year. But you would have done a great injustice to all deserving Oregon hens if you blamed her for the smallness and brownness of that particular egg. For the chances are that it came from China. By buying it and creating a market for that egg, you deprived the Oregon producer of a customer for at least one egg. But this is not the story of a single egg. It is the record of a great many similar eggs which have been, brought to Portland from far-off China and have been eaten in" and around Port land. ' The present tariff went Into effect October 3, 1913. On that day the Chinese egg was emancipated, for the wide and rich markets of America were then thrown open. The tariff of five cents a dozen was removed. That five cents was enough to make neg- ligibfe the shipments of Chinese eggs to America. In December, 1913, the customs- house records show that 1137 dozen China eggs were entered at Portland. In January, 1914, there were 1125 dozen. In February, 1914, China seems to have awakened to a realization of the opportunities here, for the shipments mounted to 6200 dozen. In March there was a great jump to 184,925 dozen. In April there was a drop to 60,625 dozen; and in May, 1914, there were only 1727 dozen. But let not the worried Oregon pro ducer assume that China has gone out of the egg-exporting Industry. In June egg containers, valued at $7226, were shipped from Portland to Shang hai. Next Winter these containers will return, laden with little brown eggs. It Is the golden Wilson era of the New Freedom. The New Freedom, as expressed in the Wilson tariff. Insists on looking upon a Chinese egg as the equal of an American egg. No one has a right to entertain even a psycho logical suspicion that a small brown Chinese egg is not as good as a large, white, pure, fresh American, egg. EUGENIC MARRIAGE. The Wisconsin Supreme Court re cently sustained the eugenic marriage law, though by a divided vote. It would seem as if a measure so accu rately In accord with humanity and common sense should have received unanimous support from the judges, but it did not. One of the dissenters was Justice Marshall, whose argu ments against eugenic marriage re quirements we are privileged to learn from his published opinion. His posi tion is that "to marry Is a natural right" which the law may regulate but may not "destroy or impair. We have not of late years been very much impressed with the validity of these so-called "natural rights." A man has a natural right to satisfy his hunger with any food he can lay hands upon but the law has seriously im paired It without complaint from such men as Justice Marshall. Each of us has a natural right to kill his enemies and eat them if he can but the law has so frowned upon its exercise that It is as good as obliterated. The nat ural right to eat with one's fingers has suffered a melancholy impairment by a social convention which ha3 more han the force of most laws. A great many oi these vaunted nat ural rights have gone the way of all flesh and more of them are likely to follow before long, to the Immense benefit of the. world. The mere fact 'that nature prompts us to do cruel, repulsive and beastly acts does not justify obedience to its movings In civ. ilized, Christian society. 'Caliban was urged by his nature to exercise the right of marrying Miranda but he was Interfered with and no spectator of the Tempest regrets that he was. Nat ural rights are all very well as long as they do not injure other individuals or society as a whole. . When they do it is best to restrict or annihilate them. We nay grant that "to marry is a natural right" without in the least conceding that a debauched and dis eased suitor should be permitted to conceal his condition from the girl he is wooing and wishes to marry. She also, poor thing, ' has some natural rights which he is bound to respect and among them is the very primitive right to bodily health. - Justice Marshall tries to slip round this point in genuine legal fashion by saying that "it is within the power of every prospective bride or her parents to demand evidence of the purity of her prospective husband." This sounds pretty Just after he has said that "few doctors are able to obtain" such evi dence. But anything to make out a case for the adversary. The only satisfactory way for a girl or her parents to get reliable informa tion about a wooer's health is by a thorough medical examination. Jus tice Marshall's remark that to require such an examination from prospective husbands "casts suspicion of immoral ity and criminality of the most serious nature UDon them" is childish. A great many of them richly deserve precisely such suspicion, but no mat ter about that. According to Justice Marshall's argument the oath which every witness much take "casts sus picion" upon his veracity. The oath to support the Constitution which the President must take strongly implies that he would betray the country if he dared. Soldiers who salute the flag under military regulations lay them selves by that act under the suspicion that they despise it. The best place for such arguments Is bedlam, not the Supreme Bench. No young man who has been prop erly reared and who has done nothing to be ashamed of will balk at a strict medical examination before marriage If he does balk "it is pretty good evi denc'e that his sweetheart would be wise to think twice before she weds him. A THOUGHT OF GOETHE. On the memorial which the Chicago Germans have presented to Lincoln Park 'It Is proposed to inscribe some nrecnant sentence from' Goethe. No better source of wisdom and insplra- tion could be found. Goethe's "Faust' has often been called the Bible of the modern world. His genius was uni versal, his character so broadly hu man that he stands as the representa tive in many respects of the whole race of mankind. No poet since Shake speare has spolsen with Goethe's all- inclusive appeal. His philosophy of life is easily summarized. Reason is the exfre foundation. ' Upon this we may build a superstructure of emo tion, fancy, faith. But whatever is built upon a foundation other than reason is destined sooner or later to topple over. REVIVAL tNDEB A HANDICAP. Business is reviving, but the revival Is no more psychological than was the depression. The depression was due to the blighting effect of the Under wood tariff; the revival is due to the bounty which nature is pouring into the hands of the farmers, to be dis tributed by them through all trade channels. Democracy has done all it can to paralyze industry, but it can not control the weather and the produc tiveness of the soil. .Hence prosperity is slowly returning in spite of, not because of. Democratic legislation. The evidences of depression were abundant before the bumper wheat crop became certain; signs of activity and of returning prosperity became apparent only after it became certain. Doubt on that point still prevailed well along in June and business then was still on the downgrade. In the second week of June bank clearings of the United States were 9.7 per cent less than In the corresponding week of 1913 and in Philadelphia, the prlnci pal manufacturing city, were 19.3 per cent less. The steel trusts unfilled orders- were about half as great on May 31 as at the beginning of the Wilson Administration. Idle cars on the railroads numbered 242,672 on May 31, as compared with 60,291 on the same date last year. Ore ship ments from Lake Superior in May were 3,852,063 against 7,284,212 in May, 1913. Gross earnings of rail roads In May showed a decrease of 11.42 per cent. Building permits in 77 cities during the first five months of 1914 show a falling off of $22,271, 949 compared with the same period of last year. Liabilities of concerns in volved irP bankruptcies during May were $23,447,496, as against $16,863 804 in May last year. The tide turned when harvest began and It promises to get stronger towards prosperity as harvest ad vances, bpt there is a Wilson handi cap to overcome in the shape of in creasing Imports and decreasing ex ports of manufactured goods. In the first seven months under the Under wood tariff, ending April 30, the exr cess of exports over imports was re duced $137,405,196. What produced this change can be judged from the effect of the Underwood tariff on the woolen industry alone. Imports of woolen goods grew from $2,254,210 In the first three months of 1913, to $7,664,370 In the same period of this year, the sales by Bradford, England's great woolen manufacturing center, to the United States having increased 280 per cent in that period. In May Bradford's exports of worsted yarns were 283,600 pounds against ozuu pounds in May, 1913. Western wool- growers are selling off their sheep to be turned into mutton, for they are not deceived by the temporarily good prices due to a world's shortage. Fac tories and mills have been running forty to sixty per cent of capacity, railroads employ the smallest number of men possible on repair' and con struction work and new enterprises launched In May call for about one third the amount of capital repre sented by those of May, 1913. A man's power to consume is re duced to the minimum of subsistence when he ceases to produce. Multiply that one by the vast number of men now out of employment and we can conceive of the blighting effect of un employment on Industry In general when the market for its products Is shrunk by diminution in consuming power. Thus poverty passes along the line, touching each one as 'it passes. Prosperity Is returning, but in a measure reduced by legislation which takes employment from American la- bor 'and capital to give It to for eigners. Woolen mills may sell more cloth next Fall, but they will divide the trade with Europe. Steel mills prob ably can comjte -with those of Eu rope, but they would sell more in the United States if the woolen mills and shingle mills demanded more steel to install more machinery and If heavier traffic on railroads demanded more rails, cars and engines. American sawmills may sell more lumber and shingles, but that will be .because British Columbia cannot yet supply the entire demand. W4 can raise a certain structure of prosperity on the good times which have come to agri culture, but it cannot be as solid when built on a foundation of idle mills and idle workmen as it would be if built on a foundation of full employ ment at good wages to all. The Oregonian prints elsewhere on this page the official report from The Congressional Record of a speech by Representative Lafferty, on April 2, 1914, wherein that gentleman gives the world the benefit of his views on the proper pay of a Congressman. It is thus shown that Lafferty insisted that a Representative should have $10,000 a year, and said he would vte for such a bill. It appears also that he demanded his -full ounce of flesh on the mileage graft (twenty cents per mile) for every Congres sional session. Sometimes this mile age is constructively earned by actual travel and sometimes it is not. It does not appear to be necessary for The Oregonian to do aught but cite the record in response to the absentee Congressman's late uproar aboutv-hat It had to say as to his position on the mileage graft. Is it not wonderful to reflect that nearly every bootblack' in Portland can read Greek? You may catch them in the act any hour of the day. Still more wonderful is it that they can actually speak Greek. If all Is true that the professors claim for their language these black-haired lads must without exception be intellectual prodigies. Their modern dialect dif fers from Plato's Attic hardly more than Attic from Doric. It Is strange that they do not find some other way to ' show their brain-power than by shining shoes. Professor E. A. Steiner, of Iowa Col lege, Is publishing his autobiography in serial form. It Is interesting be cause he has done -in a man's way much the same feat that Mary Antin did as a woman. He came here a poor and friendless Russian Jew. He is now a man of fame and influence. Professor Steiner believes that Amer ican citizenship would be more highly valued by the common immigrant if it were harder to acquire. His opinion is worth considering. In indicting New Haven railroad officials and their associated bankers and brokers, a Massachusetts grand Jury has used most coarse language. quite unbecoming as applied to such great men. Surely some more eu phemistic phrase could have been found than "conspired to steal and did steal." We seem to be coming to the point where no distinction is drawn between a high financier and a tlll robber. The House is in favor of paying claims of West Pointers who Jumped to the Confederate-Army at the out break of the Civil War, while the In dian war veteran continues to wait watchfully for justice. The President confesses that the San Domingan situation Is "very mud dled. So is everything else that his Secretary of State has taken In hand. As a muddler Mr. Bryan has been a grand success. Sir Edward Grey says President Wilson's motives were of the best in giving over the canal. It was a mag nificent act from a purely British standpoint. Schumann-Heink has been permitted by law to casVoff the name Mrs. Rapp. No one ever kTTew her name was Rapp, anyway,until the divorce squabble. The slain Archduke carried $12,- 000,000 insurance. Sooner or later in surance companies will have to elim inate royaltyas too great a risk. The energy spent some weeks ago in swatting the fly produced results. The Insect is not In so much evidence as usual on the first of July. Madrid women sacked 400 bakeries when the price of bread was raised. That's one way of fighting the high living cost. Monmouth will celebrate the Fourth for the first time in twenty-five years and about all of Polk County will help her.'; Chief Justice Ailshle, of Idaho shows commendable honor in resign ing before making the race for Sen ator. Skepticism as to the Administra tion's Mexican policy is spreading. Surely no one was ever deceived by it. Bryan had better call Minister Naon in for another hurried conference or mediation will blow up completely. President Wilson signs the bill for two dreadnoughts. They are handy even In watchful waiting. Louisiana has launched a big organ ized campaign of extermination on rodents. Rough on rats. The calendar favors celebrating the Fourth this year. The tired one has all Sunday for rest It Is found that the Nation's income has slightly declined. Purely psycho logical. Truth is stranger than fiction and Mellen outstrips J. Rufe Wallingford. Villa Is bound to win since he has added a bathtub to his artillery. ' European royalty is shown to be a wretched and unhappy lot. Lay by a bit of money for the Fresh- Air fund. The day of the Summer widower Is at hand. Warm weather comparisons are odious. The northwest breeze Is a Portland asset. The water Is fine at Astoria. LAFFERTY A.D MILEAGE! GRAFT Where the Oregon Congressman Stands on a Treasury Grab. From the Congressional Record, April 2, 1914, page 6-123-6426. Mr. Lafferty Mr. Chairman, I am unalterably opposed to the provision In this bill cutting down the allowance now made to each Senator and Rep resentative for traveling expenses. No better example of the complete sur render of the legislative branch of the Government to the Executive could be found than is embodied in this bill. The President is allowed a salary of $75,000 a year. In addition he is al lowed $25,000 for household expenses, making $100,000. But that is not all. By law he is allowed an additional $25,000 for traveling expenses. Now, we did not get our mileage for the last session of Congress. It has been said that a bill would be brought In to pay our mileage for the second session of this Congress except for the fact that President Wilson, in his desire to serve the people, would veto tne Dili to pay us our mileage. I wonder if President Wilson would veto a bill appropriating his $25,000 for his mileage? I say he would not. Now, he gets even more than the $125, 000 I enumerated, because he gets $73.- 440 a year clerk hire for the Exec utive office, making a total of nearly 200,0Qfi. There is no suggestion from the Democratic appropriation commit tee of cutting down any of these Items, but instead they increase these items. A Senator or Representative draws a salary of $7600 only. True, he Is al lowed $1500 a year for clerk hire, but it takes more than that to pay bis clerical help. So that while a Senator or Kep resentative draws $7600 net, and pay his own living expenses, the President draws $76,000 net, is allowed $25,00 additional for living expenses, and 1 allowed another $25,000 a year for traveling expenses. Now it is proposed to cut down th allowances of the Senators and Rep resentatives, as regards traveling ex penses, to the actual cost of a ticket to and from Washington once each year, including the members of his im mediate family. This will require tn Senator or Congressman to pay out of his salary all his other traveling ex penses. Besides, he will have to pay out of his salary for his living ex penses. printing, and extra clerical help. No Senator or member of Congres can live and pay all his expenses ou of this salary of .$7500 without the most rigid economy. The thoughtless will answer at once, Let him resign plenty of otluers are willing to take his place." As for myself, I am per fectly willing to quit congress any time. And I am perfectly willing to stay In Congress and fight Sot the rights of the common people oi mi country so long as they desire my ser vices. But if the common people are wise, they will see to it that Congress men and Senators are paid sufficien remuneration so that they will not be forced to look elsewhere than to the people themselves for their support or exnenses. (Applause). The special interests of this country would like to see the. salaries ana ai lowances of Senators and Representa tives so low that no one except grafter or a rich man could afford to serve in either branch of Congress. Some highbrows do not think now that any man has any business running for Congress unless ne nas surricieni mi tune to make a splurge in Washington .aHMv without the aid of his salary. A Congress made up of that kind of men would certainly suit tne piuto f-i-ata rf3cactlv. (AoDlause.) When the salaries of Senators and Rpnresentatives are raised to 10,uuu a year, then I will favor cutting out mileage, but not before. Their salaries should bo $10,000 a year, and I would vote for a bill to fix that amount to- dav. if I had the opportunity. At $10,000 a year tne on eenaiuis and Congressmen would araw pay annually amounting to $5,33U,uuu. inai would cost each citizen only 64 cents per year. rjivo ma a Coneress completely dl vorced from all special Interests, and drawing salaries sufficient to live on and defend their positions without any outside financial help, and I will re duce the cost of living to people of America more than 5 cents per head each year for the next 30 years. see T fnvoi- decent salaries for Senators and Representatives and then proniD itlng them from taking outside fees. I have a bill to prohibit Senators .and Tf-resnnttlves from taking outside tikv. or if they do to file a statement of it with tne tJierK oi mo " thn Clerk of the Senate annually unaer p hliln of that kind and you will indirectly save for the people of the United States annually Dy compell ing honest legislation more than you will ever lose by paying $10,000 a year to Senators and representatives for salaries. - The people snouia mane mo Senators and Representatives moo pendent, and then demand that they work solely for the people. (Applause). I shall now be glad to answer any questions that any gentleman may de sire to asK. T.ff Pvms. of Tennessee Mr. Chair mJr. t-iiB rentleman makes complaint, as 1 understand it, because Congress has not allowed mileage ior tne proo t ointi. I want to ask the gentle man if he really thinks the Treasury ought to be taxed to pay the member of Congress mileage for the present session in view of the fact that the f cooclnn ran into the present ses sion and nobody went home unless he went home upon private Dusiness: .i ,ffAriv I will answer that in this way: Practically every member of this House went home some time in the. -Fall of 1913. I went home and ... .Ai.affiiAn went home. tTr- TivrTiB of Tennessee If the gentleman went home, he went home at a time when Congress-was in ses- Mr. Lafferty It was in session, but It was not doing any business. It wa only nominally in session. .Mr. Bvrna -of Tennessee If he went t,r,tr.o ha went home on private bus! ness for his own personal pleasure or profit, possibly, but not upon public business. Mr Laffertv I went home. Mr. Chairman, as I conceived it to be my duty to do. I went home to Portland, Or I met business men upon the streets, and they asked me why I a not in Congress in Washington, as Con gress was in session. I said to them that Congress was nominally in ses sion only; that there were not over 65 members in Washington; that tne House was marking time while the Senate was considering the currency bill. And by going nome i leun.cu much. that the people of the district desired; one of the important things that they were intensely interested in was the immediate passage of the cur rency bill, so as to relieve conditions. I wired both Oregon Senators of the sentiment, and am sure my going homo, as it was my duty to do. resulted in much good. Besides, I wish to remind the distinguished gentleman from Ten nessee (Mr Byrns) that the minority leader (Mr. Underwood) advised all members who desired so to do to go home, as there would be no business transacted in the House in November last-Therefore, and for the other reasons I have assigned, I say members should not only have their usual mileage next December, for -which we mnat appro priate In tbia bill. If at oil, bnt we should also appropriate to pay the usual mile age for the present session, instead of catting members off without iny mile age at all for this session, as Is pro posed. (Applause). Japanese Type In fchlna. London Tit-Bits. Most of the type used 'by Chinese printers is made in'Japan, j AX Ore.V LETTER,- A.VD A REPLY. Mr. TJ'Rcn to Mr. Withycombe Mr, Withycombe to Mr. I'Hen. OREGON CITY. Or., June 22. (An open letter.) Dr. James Withycombe, Cor vallis. Or. Dear Sir: Are you in favor of state and national prohibition of the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors? Your speech last night at the Methodist Church in this city was very Interesting, but you did not say where you stand on this question. Perhaps this was an oversight, because you told us you bad caused the discharge of one of your subordinates tn the state's serv ice for entering a saloon, and yoo prom ised to enforce the laws if . you are elected. ' If you are In favor of state and Na tional prohibition, will yos Join with Dr. Smith of the Democrats, Mr. GUI of the Progressives and myself of the Pro hibitionists, all being candidate for Governor, in publicly- advocating the Oregon dry amendment and national prohibition? The issue cannot be evad ed in this campaign. Such a public declaration on your part will take the liquor question out of partisan politic in this state and very greatly increase the majority for the adoption of the Oregon dry amendment In November. You are to be congratulated on having the opportunity to render so great a public service. Sincerely yours. W. S. U'RE-V. CORVALLIS. Or, June 19. (To W. S. U'Ren. Prohibition Candidate for Gov ernor) An open letter to me by you ha been printed tn the public press. You are the Prohibition candidate for Governor, and you ask me whether 1 am for state and National prohibition, I do not Intend to tell you, or any body, how I shall vote In November on prohibition. This is not a party ques tion. I am the Republican candidate. I do not propose to embarrae either my self or my party by taking a personal part in the campaign for or against prohibition. But I am willing to tell you and th public what I will do as Governor. It will be my duty a Governor, if prohibi tion should be adopted, to enforce the law, and I shall do It. I desire you to be equally candid. What is the basis of your statement, pr assumption, that Dr. Smith, for the Democrats, and Mr. Gill, for the Pro gressives, will join you In "publicly ad vocating the Oregon dry amendment and National prohibition?" I quote your own words. Is It true that they hnve Joined you? Or, if they have not. why do you imply that they have or will? Have you directed the ame Inquiry to them that you have to me? If not, why not? What is the understanding, if any, between you and them? JAMES WITHYCOMBE. NEW CREATOR DESCRIBES TOWERS Dr. Llttlefleld Sa's lie Is Able to Tra duce Real Life. SEATTLE, Wash., June 29 (To the Editor.) My attention has been called to the brief synopsis of my lecture be fore the New Thought Convention on "The Beginning and Way of Life." of Friday evening', June 2i, as published in The Morning Oregonian Saturday. The statements attributed to me are. with few exceptions, correct. 1 have succeeded in producing living form from such mineral compounds as wefe on the earth before any form of life ap peared. These Include many specimens of the Crustacea, radiata. and tne verie brata. In other words, shells, crabs, star-fish, octopi. fish and reptiles; ml croscoplc In size but possessing all the functions of living things. The laws underlying their production disprove the Darwinian theory of evo lution. In this particular the state ments in The Oregonian are Incorrect. -Mv experiments prove the Mosaic theory of life s origin as recorded in Genesis. "Let the earth bring forth iiv ing creatures each after Its kind." This law of kind" may be expressed as tne law of composition. In this law there Is no suggestion of "a struggle for ex istence; the survival of the fittest; nor of natural selection." I did not declare my belief in the Darwinian theory, nor didT exhibit a slide showing man's develoDment from the ape. On the contrary. I showed that wnne the same forms of matter enter into all forms of life, vegetable and animal yet the difference in species are de termined by variations in composi tion. This fundamental law of biology, a well as the others i presented, are all susceptible of demonstration. Those who flippantly question my statements. I shall have to class. I fear. with those medieval Jesuits who um moned the distinguished Italian pny lcist Galileo before the tribunal of the Inauisition., To these I commend hi Immortal statement: "and yet the world moves." CHARLES W. LITTLEFIELD. M. V. Questions Answered. ASTORIA Or.. June 27. (To the Editor.) Kindly answer the following question: o. What Is the fastest time ateamer has made the run from San Vrsncisco to Portland, dock to docK A. Steamer Bear, arriving here De cember 13, 1913; time, 41 hours and A miniites. q. What Is the faBtest time any of the "Blsr Three" vessels have maue th run from bar to bar? A. Actual time, not omciai, ti hours, made by etjeamer Beaver. A Cue of Special Privilege. Philadelphia Ledger. Wife I've discharged the cook, dear. She used uch dreadful language thli afternoon. Huh What kind of language? Wife Well Oh, the sanio kind you use, you know. Disqualified as a Lover. London Punch. She Lizzie's bloke culls 'er 'la peach and the happle of Ms heye. Why can't von call me things HKe tnair Ht Yus. that s very wen; oui es m the vegetable business. Hi'm In the fish trade, remember. Rare June Day By Dean Collin. I sing of June, when the world's In tune With the dreamy airs that the south winds croon, nd birds of Slay, on the field or tree, Inan In Summer maturity. (I sing of June and I might sing worse Because it s the stuff in topical verse.) Rin skies throb in the noon-day shine, Meadow are tangled with columbine. Clover and pinks and larkspurs new. And burdock, stiff with the honey-dew fThiia over June I gaily rave. In a room eight stories above the pave.) Blackbirds bold on the fenceralls clink: Trills are Jubilant bobolink; Trembling down from the panting skle hear from far where tne suyiarK flies. (Meanwhile, below, in the aspnait street. The sparrows seuffle and cry: "Peet! Feet: ) sing of June, when the world in tune; Rlna- and sing, like, a doggone loon, Of field and stream and the woodland's lure. As I sit in rising temperature. sin of June In my jubilation And my collar wilts with my perspiia- tion. L' EN VOL Great Scott! I notice the almanac avs June is ended. My brain l racx And feverishly for a wht'.e I try To sing a lyric about July , But whether July or June l sinr : My collar will wilt; my shirt will cling J Twenty-Five Yer Ago From The Oregonian of July 1. 1SS!. Residents of Portlnnd from 1I"0 to 1875 will well remember that journalist ic Bohemian. John Mortimer Murphy. He was editorially connected with the old Hirald and subsequently with (lie Bulletin, both of. which have long been numbered with thljiK of the pst. II left Oregon more than 10 year n and has since resided on both side c( the Atlantic. He I now secretary of the Florida Field Sport Association. When John Steffen turns over the steamer Alliance to her owners. wlll be practically a new boat. TheLadles' Social Union of tb Al blna M. E. Church ha chartered th steamer Multnomah for an excursion to Astoria July 4. "These are good times for surveyors" said a member of the profession yes terday. "Ther I four times a much now being don In the surveying Una not only in and around Portland but In the country town, a aver before in the history of the state. Nearly v-ry bill in the vicinity of th city I belnK contoured and mapped and laid o'U with roads, and there Is alo a lot of land being cleared and grubbed. Grimes House This flrst-cl hotel on Clatsop Besi-h Is now open with Mr. Montgomery Crime and hi estimable wife In complete control. Typholdx fever, which a few weak ago almost npproar-hed an cpldanilc form is perceptibly derrexe In. A large amount of wood has been stored on the terrace road on Hoffman a Hill. Thl evening Corilray' mim and theater at the corner of Third n-l Vamlilll troeta will be li-rown open with a prforiuam of "Llnwood." Mi Essie Tittrll will assume t') )eaili-:a role. The Matllc Ylrker Comedy Company will open at the .New Park Itii-ater lioit Monday evening. Charles A. Gardner, on of th most talented of dialect Herman comedian, will appear tonight In "Fatherland." Mr. George B. Mark! and biid leave New York today for Pittsburg:. The executive committee of th Citi zen' Law and Order League lias adopt ed resolutions calling for police relorni and approving the stand of Th Orego nian on th suh.te-t. They ire signed by George H. Williams, president; I". Quackenbush, secretary pro tern; N. J. Blazler. N S. Dygert. II. Thlelsen. L M. I'arrlsh, A. M. Smith, Z T. Wright, A. S. Frank. J. P. O. Lownsdal, 1 1. W. Corhett. J. E. Haseltlne. G. M. Wells, Thomas N. Strong, George 11 Chance, G. M. Miller. W. J. iloneyrnan and William Wad hanis. Half a Century Ago (From The Oregonian of July 1. 1864.) Th bark II. W. Almy, Captain Free man, sailed from San Franclaco on th 22d for this city, having on board two 10-Inch and two lo-inch guns, which f h will discharge at th mouth of the Columbia River to b placed In th for tifications now under construction. Salem, Or., Jun SO. The Santlam brigade arrived thl afternoon, vli. Messrs. Ladd. Green, Davis, Reed, Par rluh, Van Slyke and Loryea, ltiV hour from Quartzvllle. The Senate hill proposing to amend the Constitution of th United Kutes so as to prohibit alaveholdlng through out th Republic received the concur rence of the requisite two-third In th House. A gentleman who has Just arrived from the East by overland atnge bi been telling of the lmmenalty of emi gration on the way to thl country. He found the Piatt River 80 high that wagon could not be taken across. At Julesburg. a closing place, he counted above 600 wagon, and h 1 confident that, if all th wagons seen on the rout were placed in line, they would extend from Julesburg to Atchison. 400 miles. New York. Jun 10. The Washing ton Star last evening said Grants army occupies a position In th pin wood lately occupied by the rebels. Including all their work on th south ' side of th Appomattox, thus command ing Petersburg and the raliruad through Petersburg, the only on be tween Richmond and Weldon. Our gun stop all coptlnuou communica tion by railroad between Richmond and other part of th South. Bo long aa Grant choose, he ran thu hold th enemy by the throat at Itrbuig. Army of the rotomc, Jun it. The attack upon the Second Corps, Jun near Weldon Hal, road, did not, result o disastrously a was supposed. A gap wa left In our lln. Into which A. P. Hill's rebel corp entered and our men received a volley from th rer which created a pnlo In our ranks and caucd a rapid Tetreat to the wood In the rear of the Third Plvllon. Thli left th flank ot the Third Plvlsi.-ii unprotected and the enemy rharne.l through and talrly Into our rlfl fii. ordering our men to surrender. Our troops left the trenches and fell back rapldlv, many being captured and quile a number killed nu wounaeu. num- hr of officer who nav just oeen s- changad, replied when ordered to ur render: "Death before Llbby Prison," and fought their way out. At t . M a charge was mad by th 8oond Corp and the line rrom wnirn iney wer driven In the afternoon wa retaken. Sari Francisco. Jun 30. Additional Mexican new wa received by the steamer Golden City. On Jun t five French teamer landed BOO iroops si Acapulco and took possession of th town without opposition. The troops (hen marched to Lo t,ajn rass. sev eral miles distant, wher they wr at- tacked by the Mexican n.i pauiy t-hinned. Th French returned to Ac apulco, which they are fortifying. The City Council decided to-hav nothina to do with the purchase of cemetery, leaving the matter in the hands of the citizen. Louncuman jii- Craken, Graden ana uooonougn wei. appointed a committee to consult wlt i the county commissioner on the build ing of s City Hall in connection wim the Courthouse, now sdoui io o erected. July 1 finds th Multnomah County Jail wtlhout an Inmate. r R Burrell. of Knapp. Burrll A Co., takes his departure for th At lantic States on Monday. Analysis Pays A large manufacturer of a branded roofing materlal made an analysis of varlou advertis ing mediums. A a result of thl he ha doubled his appropriation and Is practically confining all hi cell ing talks to th newspaper. He says: "I discovered that eaoli dealer and approximate ly 243 of his avallabl customers could be reached at a cost of lew than ten cent by news paper advertising."