TTTE 3rOT??rrVG OTCTTJONTAtf. SATURDAY, JUNE 27, 1914.
? FOBTLAXS, OREGON.
i Enured at Portland, Oregon, Postofflce as
I Second-class matter. , .
i Subscription Rates Invariably In Advance-.
j (BT MAIL)
Dally, Sunday included, one year ...
t Daily, Sunday Included, six months .
I Dairs, Sunday Included, three months
J Iaiy, Sunday Included, one month .
i Xiaiiy, without Sunday, one year ....
.18.00
. 4-2S
. 2.29
'. 6.'
3.
: Tiailvr without Sunday! three months ....
Dally, without Sunday, one montli ...-
i Weekly, one year
' fiundavand Weelclv. one Tear 8.50
! (BY CARRIER)
t Dally, Sunday Included, on year ,9S2
' pally, bungay lnctuuo, ods uuma ......
.' Hn tn ftmrit Rend DOStOfflCe mOMT
; der, express order or personal check on your
i local bank, stamps, coin or currouuj -.
f sender's risk. Give postofflc address m lull.
; including county ana stats.
c r,im 11 tn ia Dares. 1 cent
to 32 pages, 2 cents; 34 to 48 pages, B cents:
; 0 to 60 pages, 4 cents; 62 to 78 pages, S
cents; 78 to ta pages, o cents. Foreign posu
i age. aouble rates.
I Eastern Business Offices Verree & Conk
tin. N'ew York. Brunswick: building. Cnl-
, cago, Steger building.
ban Francisco Office R. J. Eldwefl Co.
1742 Market street.
POBTLAXD, bATUBDAT, JINK 7, Ml.
t , STICK TO THE PROGRAMME.
s President Wilson' address to the
f .Virginia editors present an agreeable
f contrast to that In -which he attrlbut-
ed the existing business, depression to
1 psychology. He now gives reasons
which appeal to our Judgment for the
I present prolonged period of suspense
f and for hia prediction of the greatest
? business boom in history. We may
i not all consider his reasons sound
? but we can find something in them
: of which our minds can take hold,
- and we all with one consent hope that
i Jils prediction will be fulfilled
As to the wisdom of completing the
legislative programme affecting bus!
t nesa in order that a solid, stable
' foundation for revival may be sup
' piled, paetponement of anti-trust leg-
; lslatlon would not end the uncertainty
f which is the principal cause of de-
I pression; it would simply prolong that
l uncertainty. The people would con
l tlnue to demand anti-trust .laws, and
t so long as the demand continued,
doubt would exist as to the conditions
I under which business must be done
i and would diminish the degree of
f prosperity which the country would
n1ov. As Mr. Wilson says, business
f needed an operation for correction of
f crave evils, "but the correction has
t been postponed and in proportion to
th'e postponement the fever has in-
: creased the fever or apprehension,
' Mr. "Wilson further said:
The guessing went on, the air was full ol
t Interrogation points for 10 years and more.
; "Then came an Administration which for the
first time had a definite programme of
constructive correction, not of destructive
t correction, but of constructive correction ot
; admitted evil a very clear programme.
. . . And the Administration proceeded to
2 carry out this programme.
I We cannot quite agree with the
i President that his programme was
' not destructive. The tariff law has
; struck down whole industries, has
' partially paralyzed others and has
shrunk our manufactured exports
5 while ereatly -increasing our manu
; -raptured imports. The Nation had
nrared its nerves for a cold tariff
i bath, but not in water so cold as to
eramn its industrial limbs. Having
weakened his patient with this bath.
Dr. Wilson did not go right ahead to
perform the operation, but turned
; aside to deal with otner matters, rro-
; longed suspense notoriously weakens
a patient's nerve and it may ena in
i hia fainting on the operating taoie De
fore the operation is even begun, or
; in his arising in a panic and fleeing
from the hospital
' The fault we have to find with Mr.
' Wilson is that he himself prolonged
' the period of guessing and postponed
' the operation while he forced Con
; gress to pass his canal tolls bill and
: while he interfered in Mexico and
provoked discussion of that country's
5 affairs in Congress. He is now re
ported to insist on ratification of the
Colombian and Nicaraguan treaties
bv the Senate the present session. The
; Senate cannot consider those treaties
' and the anti-trust bills at the same
L time. It must postpone one while it
i art on the other.
! Whv does not the President stick
i to his programme? Why does he keep
5 bis American patient snuaaermg on
fthe operating table while he uplifts
; the Mexican peon, mollifies Europe
' with his canal tolls bill and appeases
r e-rd of the uoiomnian pibck-
! mailers with $25,090,000? We all
: iAer.lv svmDathlze with the Mexican
f peons; we all desire the good will of
Europe, though we are not u wuuuj
to buy it with the girt or tne canai;
ivb all realize Colombia's acute need
of "easy money," but our deepest
: aivmrjathy is reserved for the Ameri-
can people. We object to the inter
: polation of extra numbers in the
President's programme. We vary. the
; wording of the form letters which
I angered the President and maks it
; read: "Drop Mexico and Colombia,
j pass the anti-trust and conservation
! bills, then shut up shop 'and go
i .
: home. '
NEW BEAMEJTS AND SAFETY BIIX.
j The seamen's bill reported to the
i House by Representative Alexander
! from committee is a vast improve-
: ment on the La Follette bill, which
n-na nnKserl bv the Senate and for
which it is offered as a substitute.
Its ereater merit ia due to the fact
that it is the fruit of full considera
tion bv the Safety-at-Sea Conference
held in London and by the committee
on merchant marine, while tne ia
Follette bill embodied th wishes of
one Interest the seamen without
regard to other interests. It follows
in general the conclusions of the Lon
don conference as to safety of life,
and its passage would therefore In
sure the adoption of practically iden
tical regulations by all maritime
nations.
The Alexander bill conforms to
modern conditions by requiring that
the entire crew be drilled for life
saving service, not merely the deck
crew, as the La Follette bill provides.
It therefore avoids the absurdity of
compelling a Bhip to carry a large
number of seamen who would be
mere loafers Incumbering the decks
; exceptln the rare contingency of dis
: aster. In that event, under the La
' Follette bill, the many competent men
S in the engineers' and stewards' de
I partments would not be utilized, but
would DO OVJ Jill t. j iuu j m " -
lng rescue by 'the deck crew. The
Alexander bill also wisely discrimi
nates between ocean-going vessels and
those which navigate the great lakes
and coastwise routes. Obviously the
' former require greater provision of
boats and life rafts than the latter,
' which are seldom far from land. In
stead of requiring lifeboats for all on
board, the bill permits one-fourth of
the lifesavlng apparatus on existing
ocean-going vessels to be rafts and
half of that on coastwise vessels to be
collapsible boats or rafts. Coastwise
vessels are required, to carry enough
boats and rafts for only SO per cent
of their passengers, but thos built
after July 1, 1915, must have 75 per
cent of this equipment in lifeboats.
The bill makes provision for better
ing the condition of seamen. It for
bids harsh treatment, defines the
qualifications of able seamen and
safeguards crews against harsh treat
ment and unsanitary conditions, long
hours of work and unnecessary work
on Sundays and holidays. . It permits
seamen to draw half their earned
wages at every port, but not oftener
than every tlyo days. Reports
do not make clear whether the bill
contains any provision for abolishing
Imprisonment for desertion, which is
the worst wrong now done seamen,
but which can only be done effectively
away with by revision of treaties.
If the Alexander bill should become
law. It would greatly Improve the con
dition of seamen and would much In
crease the safety of sea travel.
PAT EVERYBODY.
The . gravamen of the astounding
Wilson-Bryan proposal to tender our
"sincere regrets" to Colombia and
pay S2S.000.000 blackmail money Is
that the present National Administra
tion proposes to correct the errors of
a former Administration.
Have President Wilson and Secre
tary Bryan a duty to humor the com
plaints of all displeased neighbors?
Have they a right to reopen a ques
tion once definitely concluded? Or If
they have a right to reconsider and
redetermine the Panama controversy
on Its merits, how can they fail to
concede that If we are found to be
wrong about the recognition of the
Panaman republic, we were wrong In
all our acts growing out of that
recognition?
If a Quixotic purpose to review all
the critical and important achieve
ments of our diplomacy in all our
international relations Is to be the
rule for President Wilson and Secre
tary Bryan, how can we refuse to re
spond to a demand from Spain that
we pay more than we paid for the
Philippines? Or of Mexico that we
return California to Mexican sover
eignty? Or of Spain again that Na
poleon had no lawful right to sell
Louisiana for a paltry $15,000,000, or
any sum, to the United States? Or of
Great Britain that the title to the
Pacific Northwest was not obtained
by fair conquest or open acquisition?
Or of Russia that the $7,500,000 paid
for Alaska does not in equity com
mensurate that needy nation for the
great losses sustained by the subse
quent discovery of gold In that ter
ritory ?
If the way to get the good will of
dissatisfied nations which have had
dealings with us is to pay for it in
money, why not do the square thing
all around?
HISTORIC OLD SALEM.
All the more regret will be felt at
the disastrous fire which has swept
away half of the city of Salem, Mass.,.
because of the important place It holds
in the history of the country. Its
fame is out of all proportion to the
present population oj the city, though
this has been Increased in late years
by the growth of manufactures and
shipping.
Salem is famous in the colonial his
tory of Massachusetts, being second
only to Plymouth In age. It was
founded in 1628 by John Endicott,
though the first house was built there
in 1626 by Roger- Conant. Th fol
lowing year its population received a
great accession, eleven ships arriving
from England with 406 immigrants
who settled in. the- town and vicin
ity. ,In that year the first church or
ganization in this country was formed
at Salem, with Rev. Francis Higgin
son as pastor. It soon became a cen
ter of commerce, its merchants build
ing ships and sending them to trade
in all parts of the world or to fish off
the coast. It was steeped deeply in
New England Puritanism and was the
center of the persecution of witches,
which grew to a frenzy In-1692 and
culminated in the hanging of nineteen
persona six men and thirteen wom
en on Gallows Hill. Within a few
months a reaction set in, the 150 ac
cused persons remaining in Jail were
released and Mr. Farrls, tne clergy
man WHO naa lea tne persecution,
was dismissed three years latr,
though he acknowledged his error;
The seafaring people of faaiem iook
notable part in the Revolutionary
War, for they sent out 158 privateers
carrying 2000 guns ana buuu men
and took 446 prizes.
The city occupies a peninsula be
tween two arms of the sea fourteen
miles northeast of Boston and nas
irregular but well-built streets. It is
now a center of manufactures of
leather, shoas, cotton goods. Jute bag
ging, cordage, twine and other Com
modities. "Its buildings are an inter-
stine mixture of old colonial resi
dences and public structures . with
modern factories, stores and man
sions. Its name will be forever as
sociated with that of one of its sons,
Nathaniel Hawthorne, made famous
bv his novels. Its museum preserves
relics of its own history and curios
gathered from all countries by its gal
lant skippers. There is cause ior re
joicing in the escape or tms Duuaing
and of many other historic landmarks
from the flames, although some of
the colonial houses were their prey.
The fact that many Italians and
Greeks were rendered homeless sug
gests how different must be the pres
ent population from the grave Eng
lish Puritans who landed at Salem
nearly three centuries ago. The city
will grow up again in a twentieth
century dress, having lost much of
the little that remained to recall its
seventeenth century Infancy. i
INSANITY AND CITY IXFE.
We are told by the learned savants
who attended a meeting of the Eu
genics Research Association at Co
lumbia University that insanity is
alarmingly on the increase. The rate,
in the past forty years, is shown to
have leaped from 86.5 per cent to 232
Der 100.000 of population. The de
duction is drawn that the country is
rushing Into madness and that In due
course or vme, unless sumcuuus "
done, we shall all be making grim
maces from behind padded bars,
guarded, no doubt, by keepers im-
orted from primitive i an as. xne
rush and crush and wild abuses of
American city life are held largely to
blame and the need of doing some
thing in the way of applying a rem
edy is held urgent.
The figures are imposing and tnere
Is no doubt but that something should
be done. Moreover, the subject is
one that may be taken up with profit
by the eugenists, for, as a rule, the
man who loses his mind has natural
defects that grow into madness under
the stress of living. The rush of cityi
life naturally plays havoc with a per
son predisposed to mental or nervous j
weakness. Irritations multiply, he Is
not equipped with the powers of re
sistance, and - his mind gives away,
particularly If he indulges in excesses.
But the strife and competition of
the cities must not be given too much
blame. These- latest alienist-alarmists
neglect to analyze the character of
our madhouse population. It is a fact
that farmers' wives among women
and laborers among men supply a
major portion of the world's Insane.
The deduction from this is that lonely
environment may be quite as destruc
tive to the mind as the whirl of the
city. - Apparently a mental breakdown
may come to a climax In the quietude
of the country as well as In the
clamor of the metropolis.
Ignorance must Join hands with ex
cesses in claiming the blame for in
creased Insanity. As the alienists
charge, there is a direct relationship
between the insanity rate and the
number of low-class immigrants ad
mitted to the country- There is also
a direct relationship between the
liquor and drug use of the country
and the Insanity rate. Whatever
tends to give to the world children
whose power of bodily resistance has
been lowered tends to help fill our
madhouses. Surely the bustle of the
American city need not have this ef
fect, for it is possible to make the
best of adjustments in the city ana
an enormous amount of mental work
seed not necessarily prove stressful.
The city man who frets and fumes
constantly at his work and does not
get proper rest and relaxation may be
taking first steps toward the asylum,
a Journey his progeny may complete.
But the same thing may bo said of
the man in the country. Admitting
what the alienists say about the re
sponsibility of liquor, tobacco and
drugs, we shall not grow unduly
alarmed about city Ufe, with Its high
tensions, until the figures are altered
to show that the cities have a greater
monopoly on supplying the mad
houses. ADYANCTKO A FRTXCTFLB.
Notwithstanding the attitude of the
Oregon Industrial Commission In op
position to the admission of private
companies to the compensation insur
ance field in this state we are fairly
confident that ultimately Oregon will
legalize the option of self-insurance.
insurance in stock or mutual com
panies, or state Insurance. An amend
ment to the law which would fix
legal status for compensation insur
ance by casualty companies, operating
under state regulation and a state
board of awards would not be revolu
tionary. The private companies are
still in the field In Oregon and are
insuring employers against liability
under the older liability law.
The compensation law is doubly
elective. Both employer and employe
must accept its provisions in order to
obtain state insurance. There are
now employers in Oregon who fore
see the necessity of double insurance
so far as some of their employes are
concerned. The employer fears the
effect upon- a jury in a personal In
Jury case if it be shown that he re
jected the compensation act. Some
will therefore accept the act even
though only a small porportion of
their employes elect to come under it.
The employer must then protect him
self against accident to those em
ployes who reject the compensation
law, but the Insurance companies will
not insure a part of ones employes.
The policy must cover all. Thus the
employer who accepts the act under
such circumstances is compelled to
pay Insurance to both the state and to
the private company for those em
ployes who are under compensation,
It is quite generally conceded By
thorough investigators that compen
sation laws give greater satisfaction
In those states which have the widest
option in methods of Insuring. The
figures the State Industrial Commis
sion gives in a -letter today on the cost
of private compensation insurance are
neither Illuminating nor enlightening.
Numerous factors govern insurance
premiums. Rate of compensation as
fixed by statute Is one; the scope of
the law in the particular as to wheth
er hazardous or all occupations are
included 13 another: reserve regula
tions imposed on privatecompanies is
a very important one.
In the matter of reserves it is high
ly important that the private com
pany be governed by strict regula
tions. It is also important that a state
Insurance fund be thus safeguarded.
The private company with an lnade-
auate reserve becomes slow of pay
ment and may ultimately go into
bankruptcy. The state, however, may
take chances in order to show a low
rate of insurance and some states do,
There is always the legislative appro
priation to fall back on in the event
of deficiency, although Its imposition
may make the taxpayer squirm. The
cost to the employer of state insur
ance may also be altered by the
contributions of employes and of the
state itself. Some states assess only
the employer. Some assess Doth em
ployer and employe, while the state
makes no contribution. Others assess
all tnree. A 'comparison of compen
Lsatlon Insurance cost in several states
Is not informative in tne aDsence oi
an analysis of the law in each state,
The intimation by the Oregon Com
mission that there is not prompt pay
ment when other than state insurance
Is employed is not borne -out by the
researches of the commission of the
American Federation of Labor and
the National Civic Federation. This
commission's findings have been
printed as a public document by the
Government. On this subject the
commission says:
This commission has been unable to find
any difference In the treatment of the In
jured employe or his family In those states
In which Insurance Is written, either by
stock companies or mutual companies, or
h, . stftta Insurance fund, or through the
employer carrying his own risk. As to these
four - methods ol insurance tn, laws Mra
to be compiled with through one mode as
well as through any other, while payments
are equally prompt.
Again the commission says:
Employers stated to the commission that
as they are paying twice as much cor com
pensation now as they did for liability un
der the old law, they feel that if they are
willing to stand that extra cost they ought
to be given the widest latitude possible In
adopting any methods of insurance not In
jurious to the employes' interests. This
desire on the part of employers Is very
general. ... In most states the com
mission found the workman Indifferent as
to the method of protection so long' as he
was properly insured against default on the
part of the employer.
Such is the report of a commission
whose inquiry was comprehensive
and involved personal conferences
and hearings in the states having
had the most experience and typify
ing different schemes and plans of
compensation.
We do not hold to the view which
seems to be accepted by the Oregon
Commission that industrial accidents
are -a distress of the state. ' They are
a distress OL luuustiy. ill, biiucb
true function Is only to see that in
dustry compensates them as nearly
automatically as possible and that In- J
dustry does all within it power toj
prevent them. If a more general ac
ceptance of a beneficent principle can
be promoted by the admission of pri
vate agencies into the field it is small
concern of the state whether its in
dustrial insurance bureau has its ac
tivities curtailed. The stats does not
seek to make money out of work
men's compensation. Its chief con
cern ought to be the advancement o
the principle, and the principle can
bo best advanced by having both em
ployer and employe satisfied.
If Premier Asqulth should act on
the hint he gave the delegation of
East End suffragists, many of the
leaders among the militants might
lose their enthusiasm for the cause.
He said that if women were given the
franchise they should bo given It on
the same terms as men. That means
votes for practically all women, while
the suffragist leaders have offered to
compromise on votes for those women
who are qualified to vote at municipal
elections. They might not relish vot
ing by their cooks and housemaids.
The spectacle of Moyer guarded by
Sheriffs deputies against assassina
tion by his former followers has an
element of humor to those who recall
his fierce denunciations ot the offi
cers of law. He knows how the vic
tima of his "direct action" felt, now
that the same weapons are turned
against him. His would-be assassins
might say with Shylock: 'The vil
lainy you teach me I will execute, and
it shall go hard but I will better the
instruction.
B. R. Stlckney. a mechanic In the
Bureau of Engraving and Printing,
has invented a machine that reduces
the processes of making postage
stamps from twenty-one to three and
Dromises to save the Government
$250,000 a year. He should be re
warded as liberally as though his
Invention were used in a private
enterprise.
That all Is not harmony la the
Democratic ranks Is apparent from
the New York World's comment on
Representative Fitzgerald's denial
that he Is a member of Tammany
Hall. The World says:
No; only a respectful and usually obedient
ally, as In the famous Joe uannon toi
The Prince of Wales Jumped Into
the water when two women made a
dash at him. Between the militants
and the matrimonially Inclined the
position of a young nobleman must
be very trying. '
The Rock Island road is squeezing
$357,000,000 of water out of its cap!
tallzation. Had the Government long
ago taken control of railroad security
issues that water would never have
been put in
William T. Gardner put his person
ality into the association of which he
was the head and mads It a power for
good. He was fitted for the work,
and he knew It and lived up to the
knowledge.
It has been decided that the Amer
ican flag shall head the procession
through the Panama Canal. By the
way, speaking of the flag, what has
become of that Insult at xampico r
Villa has again proved himself to
be the Mexican - that disproves the
rule. It took him only a few hours
to capture Zacatecas, which was the
stumbling block for Carranza.
Seven ties for nominations had to
bo decided by drawing. Ties, how
ever, are not particularly remarkable
when confined to what's left of the
Progressive party in Oregon.
Two professors have Just completed
a barefoot hike from Philadelphia to
St. Louis. To make the Journey com
plete they, should now proceed to the
Missouri Home for the 'eeDie-jviinaea,
Moyer would better take out more
Insurance and keep out of Montana.
Those fellows believe In survival of the
fittest, and the fittest carries the most
"hardware.
A new slit skirt open at both sides
is in evidence at fashionable New
port, Why don't the ultra fashion
able adopt tights and have done
with it?
The Oregon hen is avenged. A lo
cal dealer has been fined for selling
the Imported China article as an Ore
gon ranch egg. Let the roosters crow.
The superstitious at Salem, Mass.,
which has been visited by a $20,000,
000 fire, will suspeot that the witches
of old are taking revenge.
If It is true that life can be created
from chemicals no doubt there will be
an increase . in the number of per
oxide blondes.
Copperfield will resuscitate on three
barrels of beer on the Fourth, if Gov
ernor West and Colonel Lawson do
not Interfere.
A man seeking separation alleges
his wife made him use the broom. He
missed his opportunity by using the
brushy end.
Secretary Garrison has the thanks
of all Oregon. The French launch
will not lead the parade through the
canal.
At a late hour the mediation dele
gates were still enjoying their little
vacation at Niagara Falls.
The House disagrees with Mr. Laf-
ferty and thinks 5 cents Is enough
mileage for Congressmen.
Portland's rainfall for the year Is
five Inches short. We're all perfectly
willing to let It go at that.
The Administration might offer to
settle with Japan for the Philippines
and Alaska.
Another professor is claiming to
make life out of chemicals. Try It on
the dog.
. The nw cellhouses at Fort Leav
enworth will be union-made.
. - :
Teddy says there will be no fusion.
Then It will be confusion.
Wilson predicts a boom In business.
We hope he's right.
By
the way, who Is Minister to
Slam'
Go to Salem today.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oreronian of June 27, 18(4.
Canyon City road guards We publish
this morn in ar intelligence, of the re-
ntcval of every obstacle to Judge Ol
ney's recruiting at The Dalles. By
the efforts of General Alvord a most
imDortant and lucrative avenue of
trade is Baved to the state, and our
miners are sure of protection.
Wajihineton. Juna 23. A dispatch
from Sherman's headquarters at 8
o'clock Tuesday evening, June Si. states
that it rained almost Incessantly, in
spits of which our lines pressed for
ward steadily and an Important posi
tion was gained by General Howard.
The enemy made desperate but unsuc
cessful attempts on the same evening
to retake the position.
Headquarters, Army of the Potomac,
June 18. Bumside yesterday drove the
rebels from the rlne pits with heavy
loss, taking four guns, 400 prisoners
and holding the position. During the
afternoon he pushed the enemy still
further, getting within about a mile
and a half of the city of Petersburg and
taking more prisoners. Shells- ware
thrown Into town.
New York, June 21. The Times' spe
cial of the 18th says the rebels on Fri
day night made a furious attack on
Burnside's front and after a savers
contest, reoccupled the post ha had
taken the previous morning.
It is reported the Democrat, lately
atterinsr Its treason from Albany will
be removed to Salem, and that an ef
fort will be made to bring the Review
from Eugene City to the same place
and consolidate.
The publishers of the Oregon Slates-
man at Salem contemplate Issuing a
daily edition after the Fpurth of July.
As the water commences to recede
In the Willamette River, the qvestlon
of Its bars again attracts consideration.
Several years ago the enterprising cit-
lsena of Oregon City undertook to rem
edy an evil at the Claokamas raplda
by constructing a dam across the main
channel, which was narrow, crooked
and impracticable for the sldewheel
steamer Lot Whltcomb. This dam was
designed to Increase the depth of water
on the rapids, but the purpose failed
and the place has been marked by a
change from one stream to another on
the way to Oregon City. Since the In
troduction of the Rival It has been
necessary to cordel steamers some 300
feet over the worst part of the rapids
by a buoyed line running from a sunk
en anchor and attached to the capstan
of the boat But all this will be avoid
ed the coming season, as the People's
Transportation Company have it in
view to remove the dam and qpcept of
the old channel.
Among the passengers on the John
L. Stephens, who propose to visit the
Atlantic states is Captain Joslah My
rick, .well known as the popular com
mander for many years of steamers
between here and Oregon City, who
goes with his wife and children to New
England.
Two very excellent quarts mills ar
rived on the steamship John L
Stephens, and are taken up the Colum
bia by the boats of the O. S. N. Co,
One Is for working the discovery claim
or'the Oro Flno lode In Owyhee and Is
consigned to J. Marlon Moore, one of
the pioneers of Boise.
A big footrace Is to coma oil In the
vicinity of the city tomorrow for $200
a siae;, cistance, loo yards.
The concert given for Mrs. Denlaon'a
benefit at Willamette Theater Satur
day evening, netted about $200. Mlsa
foster sang tnree choice pieces and
Master Brenner, a lad years of age.
executed 4 dimouit piece from "Norma
an the violin.
'Yankee Sanders" has made his mark
in Oregon by giving the castlner
vote in jacKsonvuie. defeating W. a.
i" vaults election as Prosecuting At
torney.
TOPOGRAPHICAL BCRVEVS VALUE
Drainage and Irrigation Would Be
Barred by Passage mt George
Measure.
PORTLAND, June 26. (To the Edi
tor.) Several days ago The Oregonlan
published an announcement to the ef
fect that a number of farmers in Linn
and Lane counties were forming a
drainage district and that surveys
would soon be made to Indicate what
areas should be Included.
It was for this very purpose that the
State of Oregon and the United States
Geolegical Survey have been making 1
complete detailed map of the Wlllam
ette Valley on a scale ef two Inches
to the mile, with five-foot contoura
Six colored maps have been published
howmg the valley from Eugene nearly
to Albany, and they may be obtained
at the Geological Survey In Washing
ton, D. C. for 40 cents each. They
are among the finest maps of their
kind ever published in this country
and should be of great help to all
persons Interested In drainage work In
this section.
In addition to the above, the field
work has been continued almost to
Salem and it Is expected to complete
the Salem area this Summer. Several
additional colored sheets will be is
sued this year covering areas between
Lebanon, Corvallls and Albany and
Jefferson. Work Is now being carried
In the north end of the valley extend
ng as far south as Newberg. It ts
hoped that the work of mapping th
valley will be completed next year so
that all persons Interested In drainage
and development may have the benefit
of it, provldin.g of course, that the
proposed George measure, which abol
tshes the office of State Engineer, will
ot be initiated and passed. This bill
will put a stop to topographic mapping
nd stream flow Investigations, and
will leave the Willamette Valley with
an unmapped strip through the mid
die The Government survey nov
spends the same amount as the state
in the work, and this will be devoted
to Oregon surveys if the George meas
ure is successful.
The Oregon Bureau of Mines and
Geology has Just Issued a bulletin cov
ering drainage operations in Oregon,
which, in conjunction witn tne maps
mentlonel above, should be of great
assistance to Willamette Valley farm
ers who want dry land. The maps
alone should save the promoters of
the irrigation districts many thou
sands of dollars. Topographic map
ping is also being carried on In Doug
las, Klamath, Wasco, Gilliam. Wheeler,
Grant, Crook and Columbia counties.
In addition to the Willamette Valley.
LEWIS A M' ARTHUR.
Home Influence aad Character.
Evansville (Ind.) Journal-News.
In the home is found. ths strongest
Influence for character building. No
other element In education is equal to
that which Is gained by children, al
most unconsciously, in the very earliest
years from conscientious parents whose
aim Is to develop In each child a strong
moral principal, to teach blm the vir
tues of truthfulness. Justice, kindness,
purity, self-control, self-respect, obedi
ence, reverence and unself ishness. It
Is in the borne only that these things
can be dona Children without an ideal
home life cannot expect to develop
into much, can they? How about It.
mothers and fathers? Are you doing
your duty along this line? The matter
Is important. The fact that the old
time home is gradually disappearing
looks bad for our modern civilization.
What are you going to 0 about It? ,
PIUVATB IMSOIAMCB IS OTPOSED
Industrial Cosaaalaaloa State realties
ea Amendment ef Cemeeaaatloa Law.
SALEM. Or.. June 26. (To the Edl
tor.) In The Oregonlan. June it. a con
tributor signing himself "Employer
makes an attack on the .compensation
law of this state and a plea for th
perpetuation of the business ot tli
liability companies.
It Is our understanding that It Is the
purpose of this class ef legislation:
First To furnish cwtaln, prompt and
reaaonable compensation to Injured
workmen and to their widows and
orphans when Injury results in death.
Second Save to Injured workmen,
employers and taxpayers the large
amount of money wasted under the
liability system by eliminating pay
ments to lawyers, witnesses and cas
ualty companies and the expanse due
to trials and appeals.
Third To provide an Incentive for
the elimination of preventable accl
dents.
The need of this kind of legislation
and the purposes of the Oregon law
are set forth In section 1 of the act. In
which the state recognises that the
prosecution of Its enterprises involves
the Injury and death of large number
of Its workmen, and that under the
rules of the common law and the
liability statutes an unequal burden Is
cast upon the people of the state with
out any corresponding benefit, and that
this burden should be more fairly dls
trlbuted.
In an Interview with a member of
this Commission, published In Th Ore
gonlan June 21, he stated that he would
oppose any effort to amend tli law
so as to permit the writing of com
pensation insurance tn this atate by
private companies. This position was
taken because the Commissioner 1 con
vinced that th objects of compensa
tion legislation can be better accom
plished exclusively by the state and at
lasa expense to the employer, th work
man and the public than if th business
were divided between the Stat and pri
vet companies.
The Manufacturers Association of
Oregon, In a statement Issued recently.
takes the position that "the state baa
no moral right to introduce between Its
sovereignty and its distress any pri
vate agency to make money out ef Its
distress."
It Is a well-known fact that the
premiums paid by employers In states
where th liability companies do the
insuring have been far higher than
where atate Insurance la the exclusive
method.
In Michigan, where the Insurance Is
largely written by liability companies.
mployera pay $3.28 In premiums, as
against $1 paid In Ohio, where com
pensation la exclusively under state
jurisdiction. In Wisconsin, where there
is no state insurance, employers pay
$3.70 sgainst Ohio's $1. In Massa
chusetts, last year. Injured workmen
received an average of $18.70, while for
the sam period and th same Injuries
the casualty companies received an
average of $25.. For the sam period.
In Washington, th Injured workmen
received an average of $78. Th rate
of Insurance In the State of Washing
ton Is lower than In Massachusetts,
showing that the state-administered
plan Is better for the employer and for
the employe The Washington law has
been In force for two and one-half
years. The employers of th state have
contributed to tha fund about 13.600.
000. Of this amount approximately
$3,100,000 has been paid out to Injured
workmen or set aside to secure re
serves specifically named for that pur
pose and from which all pensions to
dependents will be paid. Th remainder
le on hand In th various class funds.
The cost of administering the Wash
lngton act Is less than 8 per cent, while
we have yet to learn of a private in
surance company that has operated for
less than 40 per cent of Its premium In
come, and from that up to 60 per cent.
We ar certain that any amendment
to the Oregon law permitting th writ
ing of compensation insurance by pri
vate companies cannot further any of
the fundamental objects of compensa
tion legislation. Whenever th way Is
opened for any private agency to come
between the state and its Injured worn-
men, there la an Immediate tendency
to delay, the payment ot compensation,
to limit' the amount aa much as pos
sible and to Involve tha workmen, and
frequently the state. In a continuation
of the present costly and unsatisfactory
system of Judicial hearings and litiga
tion. We have in our office a book of
(82 pages containing the record of ap
peals In cases involving the Injuries to
and death ot workmen injured and
killed in Massachusetts during the
year 1913. The National Compensation
Journal for June, 1914. contains approx
imately seven pagea of court and board
decisions on cases arising under iiaou-
lty Insurance laws In California, Con
nectlcut and Michigan. In fact. In every
state where private companies are per
mitted to reap a profit from tn ml
fortunes of Its laboring classes, there
will be found, upon investigation by
anv lmnartlal student of th question.
a record of hearings, appeala, reversals
and new trials that goes far to defeat
the avowed purpose of the Oregon law.
to furnish, prompt ana certain renei
to th men and women crippled In its
industries.
"Employer's" Intlmstlon that th ad
ministration of this department will
cost the state $160,000 per year la so
exaggerated as to be amusing ana un
worthy ot SDeclflo denial. All we can
do to refute wild statements 01 mis
character Is to conduct th department
strictly on business principles and to
ura th publlo that our records are
open to anyone who may desire to learn
what th state's money Is being ex
pended tor. It 1 a certainty. nowvr.
that th cost of this administration win
be far less than th business could be
handled by any liability Insurance com
pany, and that th employer will pay
less and th. workman receive more
as a result of th saving effected
thereby. '
In recard to proposed amenamenis
w wish to reiterate that w henever ex
perience demonstrates that changes are
needed w will ue reaay 10 c-up
with anv friend of the Oregon law In
any movement which has for Its object
the Improvement of any feature of the
act, but we ate convinced that no man
who propose to perpetuate th vlls of
th Insurance system will vr be ac
cepted by th peopl of Oregon ss a
friend of the compensation act, which
has been accepted by mors than 85 per
cent of th Industries of th state, and
one of th greatest ana most
beneficent laws vr piacea on tne
statute books of this state.
STATE INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT COM
MISSION.
Harvey Bsckwlth, Chairman.
William A. Marshall.
C D. Babcock,
ORIGIN OF ABt'SED TERM. "TIP."
Han
Proa Iatellectaal Beaten Sheds
Light on Abstroae Subject.
W. J. Lampton, In New Tork Sun.
When the man at th Broadway res
taurant table had paid tribute to th
hireling whs had waited on blm, he
inquired of his companion how that
sort of payment had ever got the
nam of "tip." 80m men might have
been Ignorant on so abstruse a sub
ject, but this one was from Boston.
That s easy." ne replied, witn noa-
tonese modesty. "In th old tavern day
in England It was customary to have
a contribution box nailed to th wall
where those who had been served could
deposit a penny or two for th benefit
of th aervltora. mis cor in inscnp.
tlon. To Insure promptness." Henc
the pennies deposited there becsme
known as 'tlpa.' See?"
Every Protrnelng Cheat.
Exchange.
In the course of time every
pro-
truding cheat gets stepped on.
Twenty-Fire Yer Ago
(From Th Oregonlaa of Juna tT. 111? )
Columbus, O. June Ji. The ltesub
llcan state convention tedajr nomi
nated Joseph B. ForaksT for Governor.
Lancaster. Pa. Jun Jl OanrJ
Simon Cameron died this ovenlns
Washington. Jun 28. Commodore
Schley will be gives omaien,4 ef
the new cruiser Baltimore.
Ravalli. M. T. June 2 The few
wow has ended end the Krotrnal
chiefs hav refused to assist In the
capture of th murderere. Th troops
are called upon, and th Indians ar on
th mountainsides near Kavalll, watch
ing tielr movements.
Colfax. W. T.. June ! Th mar
rlag ceremony of W. H. llolromb. Ml
of Manager llolromb, of th I'nlon !'
clflo Railroad, and Ml"s Ad Kwart.
daughter ef Captain Jamaa Eaart, e
pioneer resident of this city, was per
formed today.
Corvallls. Jun 2 Th commence
ment exercises cC the ftate Agricul
tural Collet took place today. Those
who took part ware Mls rUra Irvine,
U. E. Wilson. Miss Mollis Fisher. J C
Applewhite. K. O. Buchanan. Mies
Bertha Davta Jnde-a L L MoArtbvr
delivered th bacalaureat address aad
distributed the diplomas. v
Arrangements were cncln44 be
tween the premolars ef th Woodatook
electrlo motor line and Messrs. hurts
and Tobln. whereby th construction or
th line Is assured.
Th Immigration Board ha con
tracted for KvO.OOO birds-eye views ef
Portland.
Mr. M. Rlc fell at Ninth and H
streets. Esst Port, and. yesterday, and
broke bar right thtah.
Judg Walt, who has had a sevsr
attack of bilious fever. Is slowly Im
proving. A benefit Is to be given te John
Letcher, manasor and treasurer f th
Standard Theater, tomorrow night.
Jack Dempsey, Denny Coat: fan. lave
Campbell and many others will srprar.
Work on the renter faced f the
new Portland Hospital In Kaet Port
land bas been commenced.
Captain James Williams has ceusM
a two-pound carp In bis tn while
fishing for salmon at Willow Her
This show that th camp has tb
llabed Itself In the Columbia River.
All of th banks of the city hav
signed the constitution of th proposed
clearing hour.
Th Oregon delegation In Concress
demanded the removal ef t'nlted htates
Marshal John Myer because h Is a
bitter Democrat, but President Harri
son refused, saying that was i"t suf
ficient reason.
Inafaaee ef a Deperate Ceee.
Baltimore American.
Saplelgh Miss Passes refused all the
ether fellows, but when I proposrd she
accepted me
Mlsa Keen I'm not surprised, fthe
always said that when eh mad up her
mind to marry she'd stop at nothing.
rare Powder.
Exchange.
Thor are many fracklea as
but they ar burled In the duL
Teatureg tor Tomorrow.
Vacation Haunts
in Oregon
Ilere is found the Summer play
frroiind of tlm country. No rnnttei
what turn the vaoationit' fsncj
may tak" Orcpon provides the aa
wer. Hun tine, iihhinr. (milling
boating, mountsin - climhine and
many other inviting Oregon p
timpa, all clone at hand, are d
ncribed in a full-pc grtji'lc, il
lustratrd with photos.
A Modern Narcimus.
Junius Spencer Morgan, hrir to
all the wenlth of the Hou of
fofirnn f.i!!n in Inve. not wilh hi
own imnpf, but with the pirl who
made it. A deiijjmiiii real ro
mnnce. Fill pnse, in color.
His Wife a Queen.
PrAcidont Pnineare has int nver
thrown ths old French custom of
leavinjf the I resident wife m the
kaL trrrtti n ,1 Tie nun frireet! rcv.
lty to recognize his life partner
and now ah hon-noba witn queens
on terms of full equality.
Why the East Fourth!
There is no reason for the noiy
variety, as is shown in an article
dealing with the death toll of In
dependence dsy in the past. Wilh
photographs.
Tha Ould Sod.
Drawing No. 3 in TTrrion Fish
er's latest series, "The American
Girl Abroad."
Millions for a Co?.
TTucro fortunes srs heinc srvent
on the coming international yurlit
1 t... .
race, as is miown ny ine hcuit on
tUa tlinA American enn defenders
and Lipton's newet Slisnrock. An
article throwing some interesting
sidelights on the pending strngi:!-
Our Firs! rocrth.
Vnet!v what hnnrw-ned on our
fiit Independence day is tol l in
n i'ltistraloil arvoeial article, which
show that most people have a
number or wrong irrpreions n
the mbjeet.
Inside Battleship Can.
Th intricate inner workirc of
huge modern naval run sr re
vealed in a novel and interesting
manner.
N The Last Word.
A love etnry by Thomas I.. Mss-
aon.
Mexican Baseball.
It is nothing leas thsn btill-ficht-
ing. A Vera t niz eorrerKinieni
(oils of the bull fieht and it hold
on the Mexican people a hold not
unlike that or nasfoau on Ameri
ca ns.
For the Children.
A full nsr-e, of interesting mat
ter, with six attractive illustrated
features.
Many Other Features
Order today of your newsdealer.