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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (June 2, 1914)
8 THE MORNING- OREG ONIAN, TUESDAY, JUNE 2, 1914. w TOG PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland, Orscon. Postotllce as Second-class matter. Subscription Rates Invariably in Advance: (BT MAIL.) Dally, Sunday included, one year ...... .$8.00 Dally, Sunday Included, six months ..... 4.25 Dally, Sunday Included, three months ... ii.-O Daily, Sunday included, one month -73 Daily, without Sunday, one year .... COO Daily, without Sunday, six mezxths tt.-fd Daily, without Sunday, three months .... l-5 Daily, without Sunday, one month. Weekly, one year l-oO Fanday, one year 3S.5U bunduy and Weekly, one year S.OO (BY CARRIER) Dally. Sunday Included, one year $9.00 Daily. Sunday Included, one month ..... .75 How to Kemit Send postoffice money or der, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stampa. coin or currency are at sender's risk. jive postoffice address in full, including county and state. I'ustaKe Kates 12 to Id pages. 1 cent; 18 to pages, 'J cents; 34 to 48 pases, 3 cents: to 10 GO pages, 4 cents; 62 to 7o pages. 5 cents; 78 to il sages, tt cents. Foreign post age, double rates. KaMern HtiBluess Offices Verree & Conk lln. Mew York, Brunswick building. Chl csgo, steger building. ban i-'rancisco Office R, J. Bidwell Co, 742 Market street. PORTLAND, TCESDAY, JUXK t, 1914, I CONVERTING SIXTY INTO ONE. In the effort to obtain for Oregon a mors economical and efficient gov ernment those who will take an active part may obtain interesting If not use. Jul information by applying to the Ef ficiency Commission of Minnesota for a copy of its report. Minnesota, like Oregon, and prob ably every other state, has been pro ceeding in a haphazard way In build ing up its government. It is now ruled, not by one government, but by sixty, according to the Efficiency Commission. X press report of the researches of this commission con tains comment that all who read will at once recognize as appllcabla to Oregon as Minnesota. "Every time in the last forty years," Pays the report, "a. band of patriots wanted something done by the state they coaxed the Legislature to create a board and give it a handful of money. The Governor appointed the members of the board one at a time and bade them good-by. That was the last he saw of them for two years at a stretch. " They promptly turned up at each. session of the Legislature, however, and asked for more money. Kacb. pursued its independent way. Many times the trails of these inde pendent governments crossed. The Kfflciency Board quotes for example this letter found in the files of the fire marshal: Dear Sir: Four weeks ago the hotel In spector was here and he said I must put down a new floor where it got burnt, or he would shut up my hotel. Today your deputy was here and said I must tear down the building. Which shall I do first? Minnesota's realization of what was transpiring came in the same way that Oregon's did. The taxpayers all at once observed that their tax bills were beyond all reason. The cost of government had in a few years grown from eight millions to twelve. The Efficiency Commission was appointed by Governor Eberhart to devise a re form. It has served without pay and lias had in its membership real es tate men, bankers, lawyers, mer chants, a millionaire and a labor ag itator. To their assistance was called from the University of Minnesota Dr. E. Dana Durand, formerly director of the United States Census. The recommendations of the Effi ciency Commission of Minnesota are not fanciful and can hardly be called radical. It is not proposed to dis pense with the Legislature or either branch thereof or to abolish minis terial offices created by constitution such as Secretary of State, Attorney General, Auditor and Treasurer. The plan Is to tie "up the sixty executive departments together. There would be a Finance Department, headed by the State Treasurer, who is elected; a Department of Public Domain, De partment of Public Welfare, Depart ment of Labor and Commerce and a Department of Agriculture, each un der its director. With the exception of the head of the Finance Depart ment the directors would be ap pointed by the- Governor. There would also be a Department of Education, but there a board would rule the common schools and the normal schools, while a board of re gents would govern the State Uni versity. They would meet together as a common council and report a common budget. In all departments a merit civil eorvlce system is a part of the plan. For ordinary appointments there would be competitive examinations. But the director of a department could not make an appointment to a high position without submitting the name of the appointee to the Civil Service Commission, which would call for such- papers or oral information as would satisfy it that the appoint ment was a proper one. One of the closest ties between de partments is contained in the budget system. Each department may have several bureaus. For example, in the Department of Public Domain would be the Land Commissioner, the State Forester, the Game and Fish Com missioner, the Highway Commissioner, the Drainage Engineer and the State Architect. Each of these bureaus would submit its estimates to the de partment head who would digest and mold them. In other departments the bureaus would do likewise. The di rectors would then submit the esti mates to the Governor, who would put them through the same process. The budget would go from him to the Legislature in the form of an intelli gent study, instead of being submitted by each branch of government to the appropriation committee of the Leg islature. The Minnesota Commission has, with commendable common sense, realized that executive state officers, unlike those of a city, easily get out of touch with public sentiment and that in a close organization state government is likely to become bu reaucratic. It Is, therefore, proposed that attached to each department be an unpaid executive board to keep it In touch with the people. The plan of state government pro posed in Minnesota is probably too ambitious in detail for Oregon. Here the population and developed wealth are much smaller. But in general it offers an idea of what may be accomplished toward efficiency and economy without remodeling the state constitution. The idea of giving the Governor power to get things done and making him responsible for all appeals to good judgment. The civil service plan does not prevent initia tive, but it does guard against the upbuilding of a political machine by the executive. The budget system in connection with the control the Gov ernor would possess through removal power over heads of departments would prevent logrolling, on the larger part of the biennial appropria tions. It Is not' strictly commission gov-J ernment . that is proposed in Minne sota nor a managerial system. It is more of an adaptation of the Amer ican idea of representative government to the modern ideas of governmental duties and activities -than anything else. It is worth the study of those who would pull Oregon out of the ruck of rival authority and wasteful management. TURN OF TIIK TIDE. The marked recession of the Wil son wave of popularity has brought speculative comment as to Its causes from the New York Evening Post, an independent Democratic newspaper friendly to the Administration. The Post is Inclined to find fault with the people for their loss of confidence in the Wilson Administration; but it does not minimize . the importance and significance- of the change. Withal the Post appears to be solaced by the fact that it is not "personal to Mr. Wilson." Nor was the revulsion against the Taft Administration exactly four years ago personal to Mr. Taft. Mr. Taft was well liked everywhere. He had a most captivating personality. No man was then his enemy. He was con ceded to have large capacity for ad ministration. But he was too much In the hands of his friends. That was about all B.t that time. Yet the people three years later voted against him for re-election with great cheerfulness and unanimity. Perhaps President Wilson may re cover his prestige, or some of it, if the Mexican muddle shall be cleared up; if the railroads shall get an in crease in rates; If the tariff shall dis appoint present expectation, and shall prove satisfactory to business and manufactures; and if crops are good and prices fair. There is another "if" to be added. The President will be fortunate if he shall be able to survive the renewed suspicion and distrust of the Democratic party itself. The saving "if," from the Presi dent's standpoint, is the fact that the opposition to his Administration and policies is not united. If the Re publicans and Progressives were able to forget their differences, in face of the larger problems that confront the country through Democratic Incom petency, the Democratic era of polit ical revolution and industrial paraly sis would shortly be over. TEIFUNO WITH THE PRIMARY. Mr. Lafferty is not a Republican. He has only occasionally pretended to he for purposes of nomination and election. It ia not surprising, there fore, that he repudiates the results 'of the recent primary, which defeated him, and announces his independent candidacy for Congress. Mr. Lafferty shows by his action Just how much or rather how little he thinks of the direct primary. Mr. Lafferty enunciates a charac teristic broadside for his platform. He is the original champion of the defrauded settler in the Oregon and California land grant case. He would have Government ownership of rail roads and an agricultural asset cur rency, an interstate trade commission and drastic anti-newspaper legisla tion. It is a large programme. "These," says Lafferty, "are not empty promises. I have put all these promises into specific laws." If Laf ferty knew the difference between truth and falsehood It might well be supposed that he had intended to make the statement that laws on these important subjects framed by him have been enacted by Congress. But we shall assume that with his usual looseness 'he has said what he did not mean to say. He has of course merely prepared bills, which have not been passed, and will not be, under the sponsorship of Lafferty. Whatever else the voters may do at the November election they will certainly not re-elect Lafferty. The shallowness of his pretensions and the cheapness of his persistent and In curable demagogy have become ap parent to all the public. He is a pan der and a philanderer. He has no convictions; .he is faithful to no prin ciples. He loves the spotlight, but he has mistaken his sphere. He belongs in vaudeville. Is the direct primary nothing to the people of Oregon that they should permit its fair and formal decision to be ignored by one such as Lafferty when he fails to be its beneficiary? SWAT THE PAID PETITION-4SHOVER. While it is possible that seven in itiative measures in circulation in Washington will not get on the bal lot, it is apparent that failure, if it occurs, will be caused not- by in ability to obtain the requisite number of signatures, but by non-observance of certain technicalities by registra tion officers who certify to the valid ity of signatures. Washington s first experience with the initiative indicates that the prin ciple may be applied without use of the faulty and often corrupted sys tem of paid name-getting. In . that state the employment of. paid peti tion circulators is prohibited by law. Yet a prohibition measure will go on the ballot supported by more than 100,000 signatures. The "seven sis ters," which may fail are miscel laneous measures, including an eight-hour-day law, an amendment of the workmen's compensation law and a fisheries bill. They require 32,000 signatures. This number is three times that re quired to initiate a measure in Ore gon. There the voting population is larger and the percentage fixed by constitution is greater. If it is pos sible to secure 32,000 signatures in Washington for miscellaneous meas ures it is certainly possible to secure one-third that many In Oregon with out employing solicitors. Organiza tion seems to be an effective substi tute for use of money. The State Grange, the Farmers' Unions and the State Federation of Labor have Joined forces to put the seven bills before the people. It may be objected that this is a type of logrolling, but such as It is it is not wholly absent in Oregon. Still we do not have to leave home to find evidence that the petition shover is not necessary to the exist ence of popular government. The referendum on the water meter ordi nance in Portland had a number of signatures sufficient to have initiated a state law. They were obtained without payment to petition circu lators. The referendum on the or dinance closing groceries on Sunday was also obtained without the ex penditure of money. The petition shover is necessary only to law givers who have money but no , organization to back them and in behalf only of measures for which, there 4s not a reasonable public demand. Economy and good govern ment would bo promoted by his elimination. GREEK, The contest over Greek as a college study still rages hotly in the East where people have time to Indulge in such diversions. In this part of the world, where life is real and earnest, we have other things to think about. Dean West, of Princeton, stirred up a hornets' nest when he blandly pro claimed that the Greek students at his college were leagues ahead of all the others in intellectual capacity, His inference was that Greek studies accounted for their proficiency. No body doubts his statistics, but almost everybody questions his logic. The "fact of the case is that Prince ton is a classical Institution. It throws great emphasis on Greek, urges all students to take that ' lan guage and gives its best rewards only to those who do so. Apparently the sciences are not slighted there, but, in reality, they are. Th equipment for pursuing them is not adequate and there Is little of the true scientific spirit at the institution. Under these conditions it is hardly to be wondered at that the best stu dents go into the Greek classes. Espe cially bright men who wish to study the sciences go elsewhere, and show their brightness by doing so. MRS. C. II. LEWIS.' During her residence here of sixty' two years, Mrs. C. H. Lewis saw Portland grow from a village of 1000 inhabitants to a great city with met ropolitan prospects. Her husband's business, which began in a small way as a pioneer store, now operates throughout the Northwest, and at the time of his death, in 1897, it was al ready one of the largest on the Coast. It still retains its prestige and lead ership. Mrs. Lewis' father, Captain Couch, came of a New England sea-faring family. With the enterprise of his race, he went to sea at the age of fourteen, and first saw this part of the world upon a voyage which he began In 1839. He built a trading post at Willamette Falls in 1840, al most three years before the Provi sional Government was organized, Later he abandoned this enterprise and erected a warehouse on the site now known as Front and Burnside streets. It is apparent, therefore, that Mrs. Lewis' connection on both sides were intimately associated with the development of Portland. Her life has been in a large way that of the city itself. Her father, her hus band and her sons have been inti mately associated with Portland's prosperity, which they have at the same time promoted and shared. Mrs. Lewis was equally noteworthy for her domestic fidelity and her un ostentatious charities. Her children's success in life testifies better than any words could to her exemplary discipline. Herself a member of the Episcopal Church and a model of the Christian virtues, she reared them to follow her example. Mrs. Lewis' many charities were performed without dis- play. Few know that she gave J 20,- 000 to the sufferers from the San Francisco earthquake, and this was only one among countless other ben efactions. In the beautiful home where she reared her children to fear God and serve mankind, Mrs. Lewis passed the years of her life peacefully and hap pily. The faith which had sustained her through the vicissitudes of a long life did not fail her when the moment of departure came. She died as serenely as she had lived and she leaves the record of an Ideal life to cheer and encourage the world. GRANT'S PROGRESS DURING MAY, 186. On the last day of May, 1864, Grant reached Cold Harbor, a point within eight miles of Richmond. The for ward movement from the Rapidan to this position had consumed the en tire month and there had been in cessant fighting on the way. A par ticularly difficult situation confronted him when he finished crossing the North Anna River on May 2 4. Here Lee had thrown up earthworks so skillfully that Grant found it impos sible to assault them with advantage. A protruding corner, or "salient" in military language, had been so de vised that it divided his right wing from his left with only a weak cen ter formation to connect them. After some hard and not very profitable fighting at this place. Grant again slipped around. Lee's front and advanced toward Richmond. Another week brought him to Cold Harbor, but Lee was ahead of him still, and when he reached this position he found it almost impregnably fortified with earthworks. It may seem strange that with Grant continually making flank movements to get between him and Richmond Lee did not retaliate by moving upon Washington. The thought of doing so must have crossed his mind many times, but it was out of the question. He had not troops enough to defend Richmond and at the same time make a diver sion against the Federal capital. Had Johnstone's ,army been able to Join him, the course of events would have been altogether different. Lee could then have left a sufficient body of men to protect Richmond, while with his main body he marched upon Washington. This would have com pelled Grant to betake himself north ward with the greater part of his forces and thus his Richmond cam paign would have collapsed much as McClellan's did. But Johnstone's troops were frit tered away in hopeless battles with Sherman in Georgia, and there was nothing for Lee to do but contest stub bornly every foot -of ground as Grant advanced. In this campaign the Con federate commander showed himself a consummate master of defensive tactics. Grant was able to drive him from every successive position be cause he had an overwhelming supe riority of men in the field with un limited numbers of recruits to draw upon, while Lee was obliged to hus band his falling resources. Although Cold Harbor was only eight miles from Richmond, the Con federate capital was still far from capture. It was buttressed on the south by Petersburg, a strongly fortified post, twenty-two miles away. Grant had depended on Butler to take this position and thus cut Richmond off from the South, but Butler failed completely. He was presently penned up at Bermuda Hundreds by the in defatigable Beauregard and from that time he remained useless with his 30,000 troops. The capture of Petersburg turned out to be an ex tremely difficult undertaking, but when it was finally accomplished the fall of Richmond ensued aa a natural consequence. Grant's theory had been during the campaign, that .the fall of Richmond would put an end to the war. His prophecy was Justified by the event, but It may be questioned whether Sherman's brilliant operations in the West and South did not contribute largely to the result. With their territory Intact the Confederate gov ernment could have moved to a new capital. Queen Mary will probably figure in history as a penny pincher. Victoria was accounted an economical woman, but she never applied sweatshop tac tics to her household help as Mary does. This parsimonious Queen has extorted "efficiency" and -lengthened hours until a strike is threatened within the sacred palace walls. Her official advisers tell her to yield to her servants' demands, and she prob ably will. If she does not, England may be edified by the spectacle of a Queen boiling out the King's Sunday shirt. Two bills to secure for the people of the United States the radium- pro duced in this country still are pigeon holed in Congress, while practically all the radium-bearing ore land has been located in the interest of men who will sell the product in Europe. The Walsh bill In the Senate had precedence over other business in the Senate, but by some Jugglery was pushed aside. This Congress is only independent of "the interests" when the people are watching. They should watch it more closely. Yale University has a valuable col lection of pictures of the period pre ceding Giotto. Only three museums In the world have anything better as far as that particular time is con cerned. With characteristic Connect icut thrift, Yale got the pictures for almost half their value by foreclos ing a mortgage. With a reverence for art which Is also a Connecticut characteristic, she has kept them huddled away out of sight in a garret until art critics from Europe have begun to Jeer. Poetry steadily gains ground. Not only are books of verse now num bered among the best sellers, but Mr, Balfour argues that poetry is a better vehicle than prose for political con troversy. He cites Pope's "Essay on Man" and Dryden's "Hind and Pan ther" as examples of consummately skillful argument in rhyme. If our stump speakers could equal these per formances they might not make many votes, but they would enhance their prospects of seats in the Hall of Fame. California's new and energetic vol cano adds materially to her charms As the only state which can boast of such a natural phenomenon, she seems more than ever fitted to be the site of the greatest exposition ever seen. Of course, the volcano will count only among the minor sights. If it holds out until 1915, but still it will count. As an illustration of the geographical lessons, it will be particularly valua- ble to teachers traveling with their pupils. The robin is a friendly bird, but he is stupid. His companionship is not half so stimulating as that of the blackbird, agreeable as it is when one needs serenity and calm. Black birds are far more beautifully colored than the robin, their voices are at least as pleasant and they are a great deal more intelligent. A flock of them domesticated around a tree decked lawn becomes a source of end less pleasure. . Suffragettes are now interfering with church services in London When the public gets thoroughly tired of their antics, will those militants get the ballot or the ax? Army officers have nipped a fresh revolt against Carranza and Villa in Northern Mexico. Which gives those gentlemen a monopoly on the busi ness for the time being. The Forestry building escaped the flames. There Is no reason why that sturdy structure shouldn't be in evl dence for the next Lewis and Clark exposition in 2005. Naturally the German-speaking so cieties oppose the idea of prohibition If men of other races practiced Ger man temperance, no one would hear of prohibition. The mediators persist in ignoring Carranza, yet Villa's handy man con tinues to be something of a factor In the problem of settling Mexican dis turbances. If the skipper of the Norwegian steamer had not arrived in port to give his version of the wreck, he would have been the goat by this time. No more monkeys will be permitted to enter the United .States. But, then the supply Is up to all reeds, both of simians and self-made varieties. The metered water-user has no more rights than his flat-rate fellow, and that is a great blow to his van ity and greed. Dr. Smith spent $706 for the Dem ocratic nomination. In November he will realize that it was a very poor Investment. Another man who never realized the value of a wife until gone wants $25,000 for alienation of her affec tions. The latest shipwreck has produced no monumental cowards, but It is plain that someone blundered. Analysis of the series between the Beavers and Angels shows it was mere matter of hard luck. "Going to war has its brighter side," says a headline. Yes, It's more or less a joke these days. The mediators may Ignore the re bels, who care little. ' It is Huerta they want Just now. Owing . to, forced use during pri mary week, lemons have advanced in price. If you find yourself short of change, don't worry. It's purely psychological. Western Canada is making a. big bid for Rockefeller's attentions. The "Thirdstreeters" have the mustard and the ginger. No doubt the higher cost of . living la also psychological. The A. B. C. mediators lack the P. D. Q. spirit. REACTION AGAINST PRESIDENT Administration la Believed to Be I. sa in a; Ground With the People. New York Evening Poat.. No one can undertake to sound pub 11c sentiment. East or West, without ascertaining that a marked reaction against the Administration has set in. This Is not personal to Mr. Wilson, There Is no disposition to abate the praise that has been given him for his devotion to his work, his masterly qualities of leadership, and the great record of accomplishment that he has already put behind him. But it Is felt that his Administration Is less and less pleasing to the country. Faultfinders and objectors are multiplying. AVe quoted yesterday ex-Senator Foraker's remark about the "well-nigh universal dissatisfaction that prevails" with re spect to President Wilson's Mexican policy. This Is an exaggeration, for partisan purposes, but It contains an element of truth which neither Mr. Wilson nor any of his friends can af ford to ignore. A good part of this disfavor Is un merited. The President Is blamed for whatever goes wrong, whether he Is really at fault or not. Business has not been as good as It was; manufac turing has somewhat slackened; rail road revenues have fallen off. The Administration Is, of course, held re sponsible. This is not right, on any system of fair political accounting, but it Is Inevitable. It Is the common fate of Presidents and Administrations, and Mr. Wilson could not escape from it if ne would. Moreover, this form of pop ular discontent, unreasonable though it may be, is a solid fact with which politicians have to reckon. If they do not, they will break their legs falling over it. As for the Mexican difficulty mar. damnosa nereditas of the Wi son Administration it is undoubtedly at present a Heavy drag on the popu larity of the President. The thine has not marched; and in vexed foreign questions of this sort the country likes to see plans moving swiftly to their goal. Mr. Wilson has not seemed sure either of his ends or of the means to reach them. He brought the Nation to the verge of war actually into war. by any reasonable definition but there was no real war spirit among the peo ple to win this applause lor his course. He seemed merely to have made a bad matter worse; and there the thing stands lor the present. But this Is May. Before November comes there may be a great change In Wilsons ravor. If the brilliant crop promise la not falsified; if the new banking system is set going smoothly and helpfully; if the railroads are granted an Increase In their rates and emerge from their present slough of aespona; ir. as a result of all this. trade and Industry show a marked re vival why, obviously, the politico- business argument will then be on the side of the Administration. It will be Wilson who made the wheat grow, loaned money on easy terms, set the wneels to turning and the tall chim neys to smoking. If the calamity logic is good, so is the prosperity logic And it may be, also, that the Admlnla tration, has seen its darkest days In tne Mexican affair. It is at least Dos slble, though it does not now seem highly probable, that the President will be able to point to something that iooks line a marked though belated success. He will almost surely achieve tne elimination of Huerta. He may nave tne good fortune to work out, through the Invaluable aid of the South American mediators, a plan for Mexico that will mean as long an era of peace as came to that distracted Republic under Porfirlo Dlar, though this time without bis tyrannical methods. If any thing like this proves to be the case, we are certain to hear much less of "universal dissatisfaction" with Wil son's Mexican policy. It could not then be used politically against him with anything like the effect which It now has. But we have left Dr. Roosevelt wait Ing all this time. If his diagnosis of the disease from which the Wilson Ad mlnistraton is suffering should be se rious, and his prognosis dubious, of one thing at least he can be in no doubt. This Is that the present strong reaction against the Democrats bodes no good to the Progressives. It will fall out to the advantage of stand-pat KepuDiicamsm, and will result, if it continues. In a new riot of protection ism. It will mean the triumphant re election of Penrose and Gallinger, the return or Foraker and Smoot. The reaction will not signify aid to the uplift, but to the downpull. This is clearly Indicated by all the symptoms at present; and no one can be more keenly aware of this than the good physician of the Progressives. INSPECTOR OB" SPELLING NEEDED, Record Kept of Orthographic Offences Seen In One Day. PORTLAND, June 1. (To the Edi tor.) While we congratulate ourselves on our system of public education, It is lamentable to see the Inability of some ol our neighbors to spell the English language, lesterday in a ride around the outskirts of Portland I came across many erratic methods of spelling. In the Lents region, one place offered the passer-by the privilege of buying "Bel gian Hara"; within a stone's throw of a large schoolhoiuse we were warned against "defaceing" certain premises, and in the same vicinity we were in vited to inquire "With En" for "new layed" eggs. Near by we were told that the bread made by one of the leading bakeries of the city Is "nutrlclous," and another placard a little further along informs us that the same bread is "re coo m mend ed." While we were thinking over the offer to purchase at a bargain a "lite wagon," we found that we must go far to one side of the road If we would not be run over by a heavy touring car, bearing in large letters the "P. F. D." which told us that it belonged to the city. Then we wondered whether the two men. woman and child were hiking at that rapid rate towards Oregon City on a Sunday morning to put out a fire. Permit me to add to this collection of misdeeds the fact that a business college on Williams avenue promises certain definite lines of study, and cer tain "auxiliaries." Down town, hanging from the walls of the old Y. M. C. A, building on Fourth street, we are still Invited to go "Swiming." R. SI. TTJTTLE. Not Employed by 8. P. NEWPORT, Or., June 1. (To the Ed itor.) Your Newport correspondent on May 29 says under the head of "Bonds Voted Down" that "R. A. Bensell, a representative of the Southern Pacific Railroad, opposed the bond Issue. This statement so far as it relates to the Southern Pacific Company, is not true. I am not now, nor was I ever, employed or solicited to act as a representative of that company on any subject or in any manner. I opposed the Issue of bonds as a taxpayer, and believed the people of this county did not wish a bonded in debtedness at this time. The action of the convention confirmed my opinion. R. A. BENSELL, It In Superstition. BROWNSVILLE, Or., May 81. (To the Editor.) A number of people be lieve the Zodiac signs have such con trol over the bodies- of animals that they "mark" lambs by the signs. Is this recognized by authorities on such matters, or Is it merely supersti tion? A SUBSCRIBER. Oregon's First Delegate. ROSEBURG, Or, May 30. (To the Editor.) Please advise me who was the first delegate from the Oregon Terri tory to Congress. G. W. KIMBALL. Samuel R. Thurston, As Press Sees Candidates Up-State Papers Comment on Pri mary Reaulta) and Other Political Events. Condon Tlmea The victory of C. N. McArthur over our friend Lafferty, who talked himself into the affections of the people here some years ago. sounds the death knell of the Bull Moose party and hide or hair of that exalted quadruped will not be found after the defeat of Bill Han ley next November. Directory Will Be Smaller. Newberg Enterprise. It Is C. N. McArthur. Speaker of tne last House of Representatives, who was nominated by the Republicans as the successor of Congressman Lafferty. He will be elected, of course, and it is not likely that so much space will be used by him for his personal biography In the Congressional Directory as was deemed necessary by the man whom he succeeds. Republicans) Moat Pall Together. Aurora Observer. There is no question of Booth's qual ifications for a seat In the Senate. It Is only a question whether the Repub lican party can go through a political campaign as a united party. Factional difficulties and differences have de prived the party of what rightfully be longs to It. and If that party cannot get together this Fall and stifle these differences. George Chamberlain will again be chosen to misrepresent this state in the upper house. I ren Ism Turned Down. Hillsboro Independent. The Oregon City Courier's assertion that If the election were held tomor row U'Ren would be elected Governor is very much like the small boy whis tling to keep up his courage as he passes the graveyard In the dark. As a matter of fact an analysis of the pri mary vote indicates a very different state of mind with the people, for they consistently defeated every candidate whose platform was even remotely tinctured with what is known as U'Ren Ism. An Ideal Candidate. Albany Herald. The Republicans of Oregon have an ideal candidate for Governor In Dr. wlthycombe. There is not a word of aspersion to be cast on his character. He has been identified with the Inter ests of the state since boyhood. He has traveled in every part of the common wealth and made himself intimately ac qualnted with the needs of Its people. There was no machinery set to work to get him the nomination, but the people In every part of the state quietly went to the primaries and gave him i nomination which, under exlptlng con dltlons. Is tantamount to an election. Freak Ideas Not Popular. Umatilla New Era. A review of the state primary- elec tion from an Industrial and business standpoint shows that a great step In advance has been taken toward sane politics favorable to development. Conservative candidates have been nominated by the Republicans. Demo crats and Progressives, although the latter party has become almost a negll glble quantity In Oregon politics. Every candidate who stood for I radical or freak policy In the race for Governor has been snowed under and one of the nominees has come out for a programme of Industrial upbuilding. No Question About Booth. Lebanon Criterion. Colonel C- E. S. Wood, Democratic leader and orator, has cast his lot with "Bill" Hanley In the United States Sen atorial contest. He, with his usual fluent extracts of old English proclaims that George E. Chamberlain. Demo cratic nominee, is not now, nor never was a Democrat, and that Colonel "Bill," the Progressive, is and always was a Democrat. Coming from so em inent an authority, this information must have some little element of truth in It, and with the line dividing Twee-dle-de-dum from Tweedle-de-dee so dis tinctly and accurately defined, the vot ers of Oregon can turn with confidence to R A. Booth, who is now, and always has beeh, a Republican. If Good at Prophesy Keep It Vp. Medford Sun. In predicting Colonel C. E. S. Wood, of Portland, would support his old-time friend and partner. Bill Hanley, for the United States Senate, the Medford Mail Tribune claims the lightweight political guessing championship of the United States. But why stop with the Hanley-Wood alliance? Why not make the predic tion that Mose Barkdull will support John Olwell for Governor of California, Hex Lampman will support Ben Lamp man for the State Senate, Judge Tou elle will support George Putnam for Governor, Governor Went will support Governor West for Vice-President? Why not have the prophetic utter ance once or twice a week at least. Where the gift of political prescience Is possessed, are not the people entitled to its dally benefits? Fortunate la Ills Opponent. Condon Times. The nomination of Dr. James Wlthy combe for Governor is most certainly hailed with joy by the Republicans of the state. He la a good, clean gentle man, and one for whom Republicans can conscientiously vote. He has never held office before, and has taken no part in measures for expenditures, and it is a foregone conclusion that he will use his best endeavor to reduce taxes by abolishing useless commissions and lavish expenditures for the different offices. He will have the support of an undivided party behind him what no Republican candidate has had for years. He will be opposed by ur. u. J. bmitn. Governor West's nominee, a much easier man to beat, by the way, than Judge Bennett, who would have polled a number of Republican votes, being a man universally liked, especially in this upper country, and whose defeat s sorely regretted by hundreds or old- line Democrats. THE LAND WHERE THE CHINOOK BLOWS. From Vancouver Bay to the Kootenai And south where the orange tree grows The bright sun shines on her fields and mines In the land where the Chinook blows. Tls the strong man's place In the hu man race. Tls there that manhood shows And maidens fair are everywhere In the land where the Chinook blows. The land of the fruit and grains. The land of the hills and plains, The land where blooms the prairie rose of the great Far West; I love her best The land where the Chinook blows. In the land where the Chinook blows. In the towering peaks the storm king sleeps. Wrapped in his mantlo of snows. In her flowing streams the game fish teems In the land where the Chinook blows. The tall trees sway as the breezes play. Summer Is close, the wild deer knows, For the song birds sing in the pur pling Spring In the land where the chinook blows. ORA D. HOEKEK. Twenty-Five Years Ago From The Oregonian of June 2. 1889. Long Hollow. Pa-, June 2. It is prob able the list of dead In the Johnstowa disaster will reach 8000. Two passen ger trains of the Pennsylvania Rail road have been swept away and the passengers drowned. The torrent swept away the villages of South Fork, Min eral Point, Woodvllle and Conemaugh and destroyed Johnstown. The debris choked the. arches of the stone bridge and backed the water up in Johnstown to a depth of S8 feet. The debris took fire and people were roasted alive. San Francisco, June 1. A new trial has been granted Milton Bowers, con victed of wife .murder, the motive al leged being to obtain $14,000 of life In surance. Berlin. June 1. At the Pamoan con ference, the German and English gov ernments have ai-cepted Secretary Blaine's proposals. The Americans have conceded practically nothing. J. F. Cordray. of the electric clock exhibition, has bousrht the lease of a quarter block at Third and Yamhill streets, and will erect a Summer pa vilion for a museum and theater. Dave Cousins, a well-known charac ter of Clatsop County, died very sud denly at the Attor House. Astoria, Thursday night. He was a Kentuckian. and was noted for his wonderful strength. The construction work on the new cable railway Is being pushed rapidly ahead. Frank Robbins. son of G. Collier Rob bins. Is on a brief visit to this city, and will be remembered by many of the old-timers. His father was one of the pioneer Jewelers. "Bunko." the well - known sailor boarding-house runner. Is not satisfied with having caused the conviction of Frank Turk on a charge of assault in Justice Phelan's court on Friday. Ho has caused the arrest of James Turk on charge of threatening to commit a felony. The principal city bakeries have raised the price of bread to small deal ers, grocery stores and restaurant keepers. The elegant $5000 organ for the new Jewish synagogue has at last arrived. William O'Connor, champion oarsman of the world, and A. H. Hamm. who has also made a record In the shells, were in the city yesterday. Captain A. B. Brannan is convalesc ing and Is now at the residence ef his daughter. Mrs. B. Freimann, on Stark street. Andy Brady's Lady Maud beat Alex ander Lewis' Susie S. at City View Fark yesterday. A party of Portlanders, composed of Wallace R. Struble, H. B. Oatman, C. I. Church, George S. Beatty, w. J. Selover and several others visited the new smelter at Linnton a few days since. Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian of June 2. 1864. We are sorry to see so many men claiming to be thoroughgoing in their loyalty, attempting to gratify their am bition at the expense of the regular L'niou nominees. In Clackamas Coun ty A. Lovejoy Is out for State Senator in opposition to IL. W. Eddy, the regu lar nominee of the Union party. And this in face of a full Democratic ticket, the friends of which will march to the polls in solid phalanx. A large barn belonging to Reuben Streithoff, six miles east of Albany, was burned on Friday. H. G. Reinhard, a merchant of Rose burs, died on the 27th from the effects of a heavy dose of strychnine admin istered by his own hand. The dwelling of Joshua Bowen, two and a half miles west of Sllverton. was burned to the ground last Thursday at midday. A little boy 2 years oM, a son of Mr. Gilliland, of Deer Creek, fell Into a kettle of hot water on the 16th and was scalded to death. The State Journal notices the arrival of a party from Canyon City by way of the McKenrie trail, making the trip In 12 days. Colonel Barry has his party nearly ready and will start for the Callpooia Mountains within the next 10 days, where he will commence again on the survey for an Oregon branch of the Pacific Railroad. James M. Curley will be chief of engineers and topographer. . J. Plymale will accompany Colonel Barry as assistant. Lloyd Brooke, of this city, has just returned from the mines of the upper country and seems to believe that the Owyhee will soon become the most noted mining camp on the Pacifl Slope. Our neighbors In the surrounding towns are making arrangements to cel ebrate the anniversary of our National independence, and why should not Port land do the same? At Hillsboro Amory Holbrook will deliver the oration. The bark Industry, Captain Corno, delayed sailing this morning in order to take additional consignments of freight from the upper Willamette, which will arrive by boat from Oregon City today. Captain Holman, of the steamer John H. Couch, has been refitting his craft. The streets yesterday presented a very active appearance. A larger num ber of teams were in from the country than for any day previous during the present season, most of which were well loaded with grain and domestic produce, which was selling at good prices. AN ODE TO MX. HOOD. Oh. thou to whom all nature bows. Oh. thou to whom we make our vows. Thou art most noble and most great. Thou treasured Idol of our state. And when the sun begins to rise With roseate beams throughout th skies. Thy magnificence proclaims thee King of all earth's paradise. NELLIE GATES WILLIAMS BRINGING PEOPLE TO YOUR STORE Advertising creates a desire to see. If there Is a well-known nationally advertised article described In the columns of The Oregonian people want to look at it- . If you can let these people know you have It they will come to your store. It is worth money to any store keeper to bring a new customer Into his place. The rest is up to his good service, and prices a pleased customer for a small article may mean a life cus tomer for many articles.