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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 4, 1914)
8 TIIE 3IQRXIXG OREGOyiAX, SATURDAY. APRITj" 4. 1914. PORTLAND, OREGON, tntered at Portland. Oregon. PostofXlce a second-claas matter. Subscription Kates Invariably In Advance: (BY MAIL) faily. Sunday included, one year fS.OO JJajly. Sunday Included, six months. .. 4. 'Jo iJaily, auiiaay induced, three months.. 2.25 -Daily. .Sunday included, one month... .75 -Daily, without Sunday, one year COO iJAny. without Sunday, nix. months.... 3-i.G Laiiy, without Sunday, three month.. 3-75 Iaily. without Sunday, one month ftO Weekly, oiia year bunday, one year. 2.60 feuuuay and weekly, one year .... 3.50 (BY CARRIER) tafy, Sunday included, one year. . . . . ,$-00 Daily. Sunday Included, one month 15 How to Remit Send poet office money or der, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give pos toff ice address in full, including county and state. .Postage Rates 12 to 16 paes. 1 cent; lb to oa pages, 2 cents; Z4 to 48 pages. 3 cents: u0 to 60 pcges, 4 cents; 62 to 76 page, b cents; 78 to paces. 6 cents, foreign poat double rates. Eastern Business Offices Verree & Conk un, new York, Brua&wick building. Chi cago, toteger building. can Francisco Otiice R. J. Eld well Co.. 4 j Market street. PORTLAND, BATCKDAV, APRIL 4, 1914. LOCATION OP RESERVE BANKS. Decision of the Federal Reserve Board's organization committee on the cities and districts for- Federal reserve banks was evidently guided by a desire to establish twelve banks of approximately equal capital, so far as geographical considerations and currents of trade would permit, but also with careful regard to politics and to the states -where the commit teemen reside. In pursuance of this policy, the ambition of Xew York City to become the seat of a reserve bank overshadowing .all others In volume of capital received scant con sideration and Its field is restricted to its own state, while in capital it is to be surpassed by the Philadelphia, Cleveland and Chicago banks, the last of which will excel all others in this respect. There seems to have been a purpose to weaken the position of New York as the financial center of the country a purpose which has hown through many acts of the Ad ministration and cropped out in the debates on the currency bill. It was inevitable that there should be disappointments, and we may ex pect to hear many complaints from cities which consider themselves slighted. Pittsburg will not relish be ing displaced by Cleveland as finan cial center of the steel district be tween, the Alleghenies and the Mis sissippi River; Baltimore will grieve over the fact that its claim to pre eminence among Southern ports is ignored; St. Paul will never forgive the slight put upon it by the prefer ence of Minneapolis; Denver will not te able to conceive why it was not recognized as the metropolis of the Rocky Mountain region. The policy adopted by the commit tee and the restrictions as to capital imposed by the law precluded the possibility that a reserve bank would be located at Portland or at any other point in the Pacific Northwest. Sec retary MeAdoo's remarks at the hear ing in this city led us to expect this. But the committee's intimation that, when the development of this dis trict justifies, a separate bank may be created here by special act of Con gress, warrants the expectation that, when the Federal Reserve Board is fully organized, it will establish in Portland a branch of the San. Fran cisco bank. Portland was proved beyond ques tion to be the financial and commer cial center of Oregon, Eastern "Wash ington and the whole of Idaho. This field of trade was proved to be en tirely independent of San Francisco. "Without detracting from the claims of any other city, that statement can not be gainsaid. In fact it might fairly be maintained that the mining, timber and fruit regions of Western Montana should be severed from the Minneapolis district and added to the San Francisco district, and then to the Portland subdistrict. Any "forward-looking man," to use one of President Wilson's felicitous expressions, can so clearly foresee rapid development of the North Pa cific states within the next few years that regret will be felt at the action of the committee in establishing at the outset the full number of reserve hanks permitted by the law. Need is sure to arise soon for revision of the districts or addition to their num ber. When a move is made in that direction, the whole organization is likely to be thrown into the melting pot and the laborious work of the last three months may have to be done again. The committee would have done better to create only eight or ten districts, leaving open the way for creating two or four more, as de velopment of the country and chang ing conditions of business dictate. The committee surely foresees that the Pacific Coast Is about to develop more rapidly in the next decade than in any equal period since the dis covery of gold in California, and that the time is not remote when condi tions will require as many reserve banks on the Pacific as on the At lantic Coast. Yet the committee has located five on the Atlantic and only one on the Pacific Coast and has held back none for use in removing inequalities which may hereafter ap pear. It has emptied its magazine with the first volley. The list of Federal reserve cities and the demarcation of districts con tain so much evidence that political motives influenced the committee, at least partially, that denial is idle. Al though New York is doubtless swollen beyond reason as the business me tropolis of the country the commit tee seems to have gone to extremes in the attempt to minimize that city's importance. Preference of Richmond to Baltimore is significant when one recalls that the former city is the home of John Skelton Williams, a member of the committee. So is lo cation of banks at both St. Louis and Kansas City, when it is remembered that both cities are in Secretary Houston's State of Missouri. Banks are liberally sprinkled through the South and its borders, but are dealt out with a niggardly hand to the West. It cannot escape notice that Kansas City is near the Eastern bor der of the tenth district, while Den ver, near its center, is passed over. Minneapolis is near the Eastern bor der of the ninth district. which stretches westward to the line be tween Montana and Idaho. Organization of the new banking system can proceed apace without awaiting- appointment of the remain ing members and within three months the new banks should be open for business. The recent statement of National banks showed them to be in such good condition that the trans fer of capital from the member banks to the reserve banks need cause no inconvenience to business. The payment the? first installment will be followed quickly by the openln of the banks and by the return of their capital into circulation in the form of loans. As the two later in stallments are paid, the banks' lend ing power will be increased. Half of the authorized capital will be sub ject to call by the board and ma? not be called until the member-banks themselves urge its need for redis counting purposes. Before harvest is well advanced the new system should be In at least partial opera tion and it effects should be felt in the ease with which money is pro vided to move crops. PRECARIOCS, INDEED! A hitherto boastful newspaper champion of the Oregon system now laments that "government in and about Portland is a precarious busi ness." It is said precarious for a number -of reasons. Among them are the following: The School Board recommended a tax levy for school purposed of 5.0 mills and a near mob bullied the public into an expendi ture of 7.3 mills. The City Commission at tempts to carry out a policy and a near mob Invades the Council chamber and clubs the Commleilonori Into subjection. Tha body attempts another policy and Whitney Boise and Mr. Wilcox demand a referendum. "Precarious" in law means depend ent on the will of the creator. A precarious government is exactly what was contemplated when the ini tiative, referendum and recall were adopted. The people create the gov ernment and government hereabouts is intended to be but an expression of their voice. A precarious government is looked upon by some folk as a good thing only as long as the majority of the people agree with them. YIELDING FBE TOLLS. Another word on free tolls. Presi dent Wilson has Indicated that there will be no compromise; that the re vocation of free tolls must be com plete and final. ' He "would give, on behalf of his country-, a new inspira tion for National unselfishness and high-mindedness among the powers of the world. He would make it clear that we are the most altruistic of people, ready to sacrifice selfish in terests for the welfare and comity of the human family. It is a very pretty moral attitude. But suppose we did want to Impress the world with our sense of unselfish and self-denying fairness. Suppose we did feel that there might be something in the contentions of Eng land that free tolls constituted a breach of fair play. Might we not still hold to our own viewpoint and consent to a hearing of all the evi dence by a board of arbitration? True such a tribunal might decide against us. But then we would not be in the position of having sub mitted weakly at the first clamor from Europe; our motives in accept ing the verdict would not be mistaken and set down as unworthy. Europe does not suspect us of high-mindedness in this matter, but rather of a yielding spinelessness. "View it from any standpoint and the Administra tion's conduct in the matter of free tolls has been gravely in error. NEW YORK'S TERCENTENNIAL. With such energy as it can spare from the pursuit of the Tiger New York Is celebrating its tercentennial year. The city was founded . 300 years ago at the end of March. Its origin reminds one more of Ore gon than of New England. The first settlers went there not to escape re ligious persecution and obtain "free dom to worship God," but solely for the benefit of their pockets. New York was colonized by Dutch adven turers, who sought money and noth ing else. There is much to show that the same spirit of -monopoly which now dominates Wall street was rife in the colony in its earliest Infancy. Greed and unscrupulous avarice belong le gitimately to the modern New Yorker. His ancestors tried to establish a monopoly of the fur trade and pretty nearly everything else that the coun try produced. They did not succeed quite so well as their children do in similar undertakings but. everything considered, they came fairly near to their mark. In their primitive- monop olies we can trace the small but ex quisite beginnings of our modern railroad mergers. Steel Trust and Standard Oil. The founders of these ancient con cerns were the progenitors of New York's truly worshipful aristocracy. The social prestige of today usually stands upon the crimes of yesterday. The old "Knickerbocker," or Dutch, aristocracy has been somewhat shat tered of late by the assaults of rudely modern money, but upon the whole it stands its ground admirably. The most exalted of New York's four hun dred still bear Dutch names, and bear them proudly. A DANGEROUS ILLUSTRATION. The February number of the Real Estate Magazine contains what is probably one of the last articles writ ten by the late Joseph Fels on single tax. As a part of his argument there Is included a table showing the in crease in value of building permits in four cities of Canada In which build ings are not taxed, at least for local revenues. For example, Mr. Fels quotes the building permits of Van couver, B. C, for 1910 at J13.150.365; for 1911 at $17,652,642; for 1912 at J19.42S.432. It may be wondered whether Mr. Fels would have cited Vancouver had he had access to the 1913 building statistics. A writer' in the Vancouver Sun, January 7, 1914. F. C. Wade, gives them. The aggregate of permits was but, $10.424. 447 a falling off of nearly one-half in one year and a re duction to an amount less than in 1910, which was the first year the building tax was entirely eliminated. While in December, 1912, permits were $1,530,365, in December, 1913, they were but $175,245, or one-eighth the amount of the corresponding period of the previous year. It Is no more than fair to acknowl edge that a business depression has been felt in Canada as well as in the United States in recent months, still Winnipeg's building permits in 1913 showed a gain of more than $3,000,- 000 over the total of 1910, and Win nipeg does not have single tax. The conclusions of Mr. Wade are interest ing. He says: While T admit that exemption from taxa tion of "improvements"' has helped to ereata a building boom. 1 repeat that to the ex tent that this Inflation haa been caused by "single tax" it haa been an unhealthy stim ulus. I have before ma figures showing- the extent to -which some of the most recent, as well as some of the oldest structures, are occupied, but say nothing with regard to them except that those who have been Induced by exemption from taxation to rush up costly structures for which there Is at present no demand have every reason to heap anything but blessings on the devoted heads of all "single tax" boomsters. There is an inexorable law that governs profitable building, It is the law of gupply and demand. Artificial inflation of industry will ultimately produce the reverse of pecuniary re ward. Yet we have always doubted that the tax system had a great in fluence in the building activity at Van couver. The city for several yearg enjoyed a typically Western specu lative boom. As one of the induce ments to speculation exemption of buildings from local tax perhapg played a part, but whether It did or did not the record of the past year shows that it is impossible to pro mote stability and progress by mere ly shifting the tax burden from one class of property to another. The single taxers would do well to forget Vancouver. VILLA'S VICTORY AT TORREON. Just what basis for felicitations or renewed hope the Administration at Washington finds in the capture of Torreon by Villa cannot be quite clear to the average observer of events In Mexico. Doubtless the climax of that baseless monomania, the elimination of Huerta, would seem to be one step nearer. But, as very likely that will be the case In the event Villa con tinues to triumph, the United States will find it has jumped from the fry ing pan into the Are. As Villa, pressing 'possible military advantages, continues toward Mexico City, it is quite In the nature of things that the struggle will become embit tered. Huerta has made it clear that he is not the sort of man that quits. There can be little doubt but that he would resist Villa to the bitter end. He will not be without his desperate following, for there are his thousands of supporters who would rather risk fighting than face certain death be fore one of Villa's execution squads. Furthermore, with every resource ex pended in a close-range fight with Villa, the already slack reins of gov ernment necessarily will permit the lawless elements a wider range. Where there is chaos now there would be greater chaos then. If the necessity of foreign interfer ence did not grow out of an advance of Villa on the capital, what could be expected should Villa triumph? Would he be an improvement upon Huerta? Is it to -be Imagined for a moment that he would permit his harmless tool, Carranza, to run the country after he had conquered it? Villa has shown himself to be as ambitious as he is conscienceless. He has had a taste of power as dictator over Chihuahua, where he ruled with a hand of iron, guided by the whims and fancies of the true bandit that he is. Who can imagine Villa, murderer of Benton, calling a constitutional election in Mexico and then standing unselfishly aside to let others exploit the prize he has wrested from Huerta? And exploitation seems to be the sole Mexican idea of the func tions of government. The taking of Torreon by Villa in no way hints at an early solution of the Mexican problem. Rather it would seem to complicate matters. REASONS FOR LITERACY TEST. Hitherto the Pacific Coast has had little direct interest in foreign immi gration. Asiatics have been practi cally excluded, and distance has per mitted only a small proportion of European immigrants to reach this coast. The opening of the Panama Canal will remove this barrier of dis tance, and we hear from all quarters predictions of a great volume of im migration direct from Europe and of great preparations to carry them. We must expect a radical change in our population to result. Hitherto Immigrants to this coast have come mostly from the Eastern, Middle and Southern States, so that the ratio of people of native stock is far higher than in the original states on the At lantic Coast. Foreign immigrants have come mostly from Northern Eu rope, where popular education Is the rule. In consequence the ratio of il literacy is. very low and is kept down by our splendid school system. When the Panama Canal is opened a great change will begin. The main stream of immigration will turn from the Atlantic to the Pacific Coast. What a flood of people this will bring may be inferred from the fact that in 1913 the number of foreign immi grants admitted was 1.387.318. After deducting 274,209 aliens who depart ed, we have a net increase in popula tion due to immigration of 1,017,956. It is estimated, on the basis of the arrivals in the last six months of 1913. that the total for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1914. will naach 1.500,000. The countries from which the largest numbers came were: Southern Italy, 231.613; Poland. 174,- 365; Hebrews, 101,330; Germany, 80, 865; Croatia and Slavonla, 42,499; England. 55,522; Russia, 51,742. In order to insure the admission of only the most desirable immigrants, the bill passed by the House and now before the Senate excludes not only the physically and mentally incapable and diseased and the criminals, but also those over 16 years old who are unable to read in some language chosen by themselves from thirty to forty words in ordinary use, printed in plainly legible type. An admissi ble alien may bring in or send for his father or grandfather over 55 years of age, his wife, mother, grandmother or unmarried or widowed daughter, whether they can read or not. Aliens who can prove that they come to es cape religious persecution are also to be admitted regardless of the test. If the literacy test be adopted, it will admit a vast number of immigrants. Had it been applied In 1913 it would have excluded 322,381 persons, or 26.6 per cent of the whole number. We can Judge of the effect which would be produced on the population of the West by Indiscriminate admis sion of aliens If we study the effects it has already produced in the East. Experience proves that the illiterate are more prone to crime than the lit erate. The Prosecuting Attorney of Somerset County, New Jersey, wrote to President Taft in 1912 that during the last two years he had kept a careful record of the last 114 criminal cases prosecuted against aliens. There were three homicides, all by illiter ates; forty cases of atrocious assault. of which thirty-four were by Illiter ates; eleven cases of simple assault, nine of which were by Illiterates; six teen cases of larceny, all except two of which were by illiterates. Of eight cases of sexual crime, only one was by a literate. Of three perjurers, two were illiterate. Offenders against ex cise laws were divided eleven illiter ates to five literates. Among offend ers against the marriage law three were illiterate and only one literate. Only fraud, which usually requires some education, shows a majority of four literates to two illiterates. Among miscellaneous criminals, illit erates are six to one. The totals are ninety-one illiterate, twenty-three lit erates. These figures show, a greater disregard for human life, more dis position to violence, more sexual de pravity and greater disregard for law among illiterates. The tendency to insanity Is shown to be greater among aliens than among native-born. The New York Times quotes official figures showing that on February 10, 1913. the pro portion of aliens in the New York State Insane Asylums was 41.9 per cent and had increased 11.4 per cent in the preceding ten years, and the proportion of aliens in the hospitals for criminal insane was 44.4 per cent, though the census of 1910 showed only 29.9 per cent of the total popu lation of the state to be aliens. In New York City in the year ending September 30, 1911, S4.1 per cent of the first admissions to hospitals for the insane were of foreign birth, while 40.4 per cent of the entire pop ulation were foreign-born. The Pacific Coast needs popula tion, but it should be assured that this population. Is of good quality. The literacy test would admit vast num bers of Industrious people who should be welcome. It would exclude a large proportion of those who are the re cruiting material for the criminal and Insane classes. It would doubtless exclude some who would become good citizens, but some generally applica ble test of fitness for citizenship is necessary, and literacy" Is the best that has yet been devised. Our first duty Is to our own people, and, though this test would exclude some whom we would fain admit, that duty re quires us, in our own interest, to shut them out rather than, by breaking down the rule, to admit hordes of people who vould be a source of pub lic danger. Senator Crawford's defeat for re nominatlon by the -Republicans of South Dakota Is another proof that the Progressive party Is more likely to become a corpse than the Repub lican party; in fact. It shows that the Republican party is not only alive, but vigorous and aggressive. Mr. Craw ford supported Colonel Roosevelt, in 1912 and the Colonel was so strong that he polled more votes at the pri maries than President Taft and Sena tor La Follette combined and there was no Taft electoral ticket in the field. Now Representative Burke, a Taft supporter, has won the nomina tion. This is cumulative evidence that the Progressive movement was not the organization of a new party, but was a bolt and has already spent its force. It is a comfort to be authoritatively assured that Mr. Brian's voice has lost nothing of its power and sweet ness. The harrowing fear that those honeyed tones were but a memory and could be heard no more except from a talking machine is at last allayed. Mr. Secretary Bryan will make his usual Chautauqua appearances this Summer and his oratory will flow as of yore in a gorgeously soporific stream. Americans who enjoy prostrating themselves at the feet of royalty will have the opportunity of their lives In May. Queen Eleanore, of Bulgaria, Is coming next month to visit these shores. She is a pert-looking woman with a snub nose and a noticeable chin. Moreover, her devotion to the wounded Bulgarian soldiers in the late war made her a heroine In the eyes of her people. The efforts of the public library management to make good reading popular are encouragingly successful. Fiction is still the principal reading of many patrons, but science, poetry, history gain upon It steadily. It is an excellent plan to fill an easily accessi ble rack with first-rate books to tempt the dilatory public. This has been done at the library for some time with admirable results. By experiments on mice Dr. Bowen, of Columbia University, has shown that butter is from 20 to 30 per cent more nutritive than oleomargarine. Yet it is said the only difference in the latter is the color. Is there any nutritive property in yellow? A Port Orford man was taken by a companion for a deer and shot. The offender, if not punished for man slaughter, should at least get a stiff jolt of justice for hunting out of sea son. A man 63 years old with propensity to violate the "mashing" ordinance is better subject for a commission lh lunacy than for trial In Municipal Court. Having fallen for baseball, staid old King George is now going in for box ing. He'll soon begin to realize that he has been missing the best part of life. It is reported that Evangelist Sun day "delivers the goods." But we al ways thought it was the bads that needed delivering. A street market that will not in terfere with traffic will be acceptable, but the rub will be in finding the available street. . The prehistoric bones of an Irish man ten feet tall have been found. Almost as big as some of our Irish policemen. The Mexicans have executed a poet. If the penalty was for writing effu sions on Spring, we approve the sen tence. An infant, deserted by Its unnatural mother in an old shack, is merely an exception that proves the noblest of rules. The plan now is to adjourn Con gress July 1. Subject, of course, to further delay on short notice. School holiday on opening day will save tremendous mortality of grand mothers, at least. The organized leagues should hire Villa. He knows how to put the Fed erals on the run. Evidently Villa named the federal commander's price at Torreon. The day of the unfit in politics is drawing to an inglorious end. . If you have any intention of reg istering, you'll have to hurry. Nature is rapidly getting Into her Easter finery hereabouts. Work is opening up. Tough luck. bo. The fan is known by his button. Half a Century Ag9 From The Oregonlan of April 4. 1864. The Democrats of Clackamas County in convention at Oregon City on Satur day set up the following candidates for office: J. Myers, for Senator; IL Straight. C. F. Beatle and William Mc Cown. for Representatives; a. Trullln ger. for Sheriff; John Fleming, for Treasurer, and Hugh Courrler and William Evans for County Commis sioners. Auburn. March 20. Already the travel towards the mines throngs the roads, and thousands are pouring Into the upper country. Washington. March ST. General Grant Intends to placo all general offi CeT? ,?".1,,,y 'mediately. Fremont and McClellan are soon to have com mands. General Grant, after reorgan izing the Army of the Potomac win leave for the West ssaln. He state, tnat when the reorganization of the TiT,Lof tha Potone Is completed. It win be the finest army on the contl. nent- The Immigration httherward the com. Ing season will be large beyond prece dent. All throughout the Mississippi n Idano or a Washington or California fever possesses thousands. .uAt-h,r Llnn Coun,' Union convention the following ticket was nominated: for Representatives. J. p Tate. R. Glass, Henry McCartney. J. N. Per kins; Sheriff, p. iv. Richardson; Clerk. r.an,8 ., ,kJ"": rho Superintendent. O. Gallagher; toroner. D. Fromani Treasurer. Timothy Klggs. Captain Small's company. Oregon Cavalry, will leave Fort Vancouver to T ,K?rt Dalles. They will there Join Captain Drakes company, and on tne 15th gtart on an expedition to the Drake b comnanded by Captain The Weekly Oregonlan A corres pondent from Oakland, who furnishes us with a list of new names, very truly "HT easy u w'ld be to in m " circulation or The Oregonlan to 10,000 or even 15,000 copies. If every union reader would take the trouble to secure a few names." The unterrlfled of Multnomah County in convention on Saturday elected the following delegates to a state conven tion: a. E. Walt, James F. Bybee. J. r.', Vens' Wllllam Beck. William Mc iilllen. a county committee was ap pointed as follows: Thomas J. Holmes, J. F. Bybee. William Ciee. J. B. Stev ens and 11. F. Block. By a private dispatch from Washing ton we learn that Mr. Nesmlth made an excellent speech In the Senate on tne mint question. The sloop Christina has been sold to l?.nOVernment by Captain Dodge, and will be used as a tender to the garrison Columbia River. The star company of G. B. Waldron. with Mrs. Julia Dean Hayne and Mies trances R- Goss as leading players, will commence a new engagement at Wil lamette Theater this evening. The Hebrew Benevolent Association yesterday elected the following offi cers: President. & Goldsmith; vice president, H. N. Walter: recording secretary. M. Ehrenruh; financial secre tary. L. H. Lewis; treasurer, K Bett ?.tnd VU U White, D. Krieden relch. A. P. Elfelt, M. Stock, E. Haas. .?.?mPany, A' CaPtn Powell. on Saturday elected the following offi sh",; -a,0-,,"-"111' "eond "tenant; John Wolf, orderly: Hall Williams, terl geant: John Dunbar, third sergeant; A J. Dufur, second corporal. BOTHER THRIFT, GIVE XS I PI. I FT. Writer Demand Co vernmea tal Krllls Resrardlesa of Coat. KUGKNK. April 2. (To the Editor.) I think you show a lark of fortitude. Every time we fil, a new Initiative pe tition at Salem, you seem to get a chill. Be bold, be very bold! There Is more to come. You don't seem to appreciate how many things there are to abolish the S-tnte Senate, the Attorney-Generals ii i bUt 1 CRnt Btop to name them all. In fact I haven't got the full list myself. Then there are a lot of new things to bring in. the state paper for in stance. The Oregon system muat make run provision for democracy to express itself. How humiliating to one bur dened for the public weal, to be obliged to beg space! When we get the state paper, one will be privileged to demand space because he Is a voter, and need not subject himself to the possible humiliation of having his message to his fellow voters rejected because it does not conform In sentiment or length with some one else's Ideas. Then. too. there In the movement to teach children to play. Think of Iti For thousands of years children have played haphazard and unscientifically, we must. have a commission at once to take charge of this Important matter. But I am forgetting my purpose In writing. Will you kndly publish the following hymn? When the state pa per comes I will reciprocate with an equivalent In space. Our Glorious System. Come, small and sreat! Oome, agitate! Oome from the school,- the shop, the farm" Come, and for tha battle arm' Why triad toll's dreary walk "When there's a irlorious life of talkT earn the phrases eupenic! Preach the doctrines IT'Renic' Plead for duty and thrift. N j. no! Bother tha thrift, Plead for uplift! Come, small and sreat! Come, agitate! Come abolish what xce've Rot! Come establish what we've not! Ts the thing- untried and new t Then it must he (rood and true! I.earn the phrases eugenic-! Prach the doctrines t"-Renlc! Plead for duty and thrift. No. no! Bother the thrift. Plead for uplift! Come, small and sreat! Come, agitate! Initiate, recall, refer! Commission him. commission her! From tax exempt this clasa and that! Are any rich? Fry out the fat! Learn the phrases euffenlc! Preach the doctrines U'Renlc! Plead for duty and thrift. No no! Bother the thrift. Plead for uplift! Perhaps I ought to explain one phrase or two. The appeal to leave school refers to our young men and women students. They should not waste too much time In over study. Some of our very best workers have studied neither widely nor deeply. Of course those In official positions "in the schools should not ahandon their posts for outside effort. They have peculiar advantages where they are. As to tax exemption: We must not overlook the importance of this. We must have an electorate, a majority of whom are emancipated from the financial argument. Vpllftlng Is not wholly a matter of sentiment. The Oregon system requires money, lots of It! But shall we palter? Not while there is a dollar of taxable property left! l-PIJFTER. Woman's Rights. t-trand. Women's rights have given rise to one Or two very witty remarks on the Part of well-known women of today. "If." remarked that wonderfullv clever poetess. Mrs. Ella Wheeler Wilcox, when talking of women's suffrage, "the old man had never violated any of his obligations toward women, the new woman would never have existed." VIRTIE IS KOT FS.RTT MOXOPOS.T1 Democrats' Aspirations to Re Known as onlr Real Law Kaforcrra Poietared. BROADMEAD. Or.. April I. (To the Editor.) Oregon Democrats have done much of late to popularize the Question of law enforceemut- Since most of the agitation along that line has emanated from Democratic sources It has served to create a popular Im pression that law enforcement la the peculiar product of the Democratic mind. The credit for law enforce ment belongs to the individual rather than party. Political sentiment or en vironment can have but little to do with law enforcement. It must be at tributed more to the better and broader conception of the public duties Imposed by the oath of office our public offi cials are required to take. When the state's chief executive's high sense of public duty is combined with moral courage and indomitable will power we can safely look forward to an era of greater civic righteous ness. Pre-election promises too easily vaporize into nothingness without rug ged characters to support them. Noth ing could be more illogical than to believe such characters mostly belong to one political party. I have been a Republican, a resident of Oregon and a reader of The Ore gonlan for going on half a century, therefor I think I know something of our local history and of the men who have helped to make It. One of the tno.st noteworthy cases of law enforce ment in our state occurred something over 10 yearn ao. The chief actor in that rase waa not a democrat but a staunch Republican. The completion of transcontinental transportation to Oregon was followed by a large Importation of livestock. Among this importation were many hih-grade dairy cattle. Dairying aa a profitable Industry was then be ginning to attract the attention of Ore gon's farmers. Some of our wealthv and public-spirited citizens established large, highly-priced herds of world famous dairy cattle for the commend able purpose of promoting the dairy Industry whereby the farmers of the whole state could get a supply of foundation stock. Vnfortunately for the state and for the promoters of these worthy enterprises, it was discovered that many of these finely bred cattle were seriously affected with tubercu! losls. The publto health and Oregon's ani mal industry were jeopardized by the wholesale invasion of these danger ously diseaaed animals. The Legisla ture was apprised of the seriousness of the situation and a law, was enacted which fully met the requirements. It might be mentioned here as. a matter of historic interest that Ore,ro"n was the first country in the world to pass such progressive legislation giving power to a commission to destroy diseased domestic animals. The law was use less without some one able and will ing to enforce It. Oregon was fortunate In having the right man, possessing the necessary scientific knowledge and training. He was appointed and given full power to deal with the situation. It was con tended that the law was a dangerous encroachment upon the rights of pri vate property, which created a feeling of no little opposition, which at times became acute. It required nerve and a high regard for the public service to enforce without prejudice, fear or fa vor the provisions of such a law. it was neither an easy nor desirable task to go Into a farmer's barnyard and In form him that some of his fine dairy cows were badly affected with disease and order them killed and their car casses destroyed. Farmers naturally took pride in the possession of these fine animals. At that time there was a prevailing Ignorance that any harm could come from them. Oregon mothers were Innocently feeding their babies milk from these diseaaed animals. At that early period only men well versed In science and the then newly accepted germ theory of disease knew and com prehended the danger of using the food products of diseased animals. The law, in order to fulfill its beneficent purposes, had to be Inexorable. There are thousands of people In the Northwest territory who owe their health If not their lives to this one faithful and intrepid public official, who was a Republican and a pioneer in the rigid enforcement of law on a broad scale. It waa a splendid service, one for which the people of Oregon should ever feel grateful. With the honors divided our Democratic friends should go a little slow In claiming the capital prize on account f their record for law enforcement. WII.LIAM PHILLIPS. FREE ADVICK FOR CAXD1DATES. Observer t.lvea riatrorm Teat and Of fers Wlnnlnsr Slogan. ASTORIA. Or, April 2. (To the Edi tor.) Being one among the very few In Oregon who has not announced him self for any office. I am in a position to discuss candidates and platforms with impunity. Having been in poli tics In Oregon for 35 years I am well acquainted with all the candidates who have shied their hats In the ring. Some of the gubernatorial candidates have espoused the cause of prohibi tion; that Is. they believe in prohibi tion for revenue only. Some of them have been Mayors of cities and advo cated a wide open town policy, but that was before the women voted. I have had the pleasure of taking divers and sundry drinks with several of the can didates who favor prohibition. I going through the front door, while they went through the side entrance. All of these candidates are now strongly In favor of law enforcement even to call ing out the militia. This Is attributed to woman suffrage. Before that waa udopted any door was large enough. Eugenic writers of all denominations express the opinion that a young man can reform, and If it takes, he grows up to be an honorable member of so ciety, but old age reforms are to be distrusted. No reform vacine virus would have any effect on a biennial candidate for office, judging from my past experience. Of course I don't know how it has seemed to work on some of the candidates, but I know how it worked on me. I have consulted a large number of medical specialists and have been Informed that there is no known cure for office Itch. Of course when a man has been a candi date for every party, and a new one springs up. augmented by votes for women, I presume he has an inaliena ble right to mount the water wagon, for political purposes only, and ride in to office. It does not necessarily pre clude bim from indulging in a high ball or gin fizz, provided it is a secret with him. Platforms used exclusively as vote catchers should be submitted to Mr. U'Ren. author of misfit laws, before a candidate is voted upon, to ascertain If the public will vote for him and take a chance, or vote for his platform which has no merit. In my Judgment, if some honest, conscientious man would come out with a platform indorsing President Wilson's Mexican policy that only Americans shall be killed, eliminating the Irish and Dutch, there would be nothing to It. Of course, these are only suggestions. I do not anticipate they will be adopted unless indorsed by Tom Kay and his law-enforcement league. a J. CURTIS. Name Pronounced. SHERIDAN'. Or, April S. (To the Editor.) What is the pronunciation of the word "Waiilatpu." a mission founded by Marcus Whitman? We have been unable to find the word In the dictionary. Sl'B.SCRIBKI;. Wi-e-lat-pu. accent on "lat." the "a" In which takes the short sound. The first syllable may also be pronounced Twenty-five Years Ago From The Oregonlan of April 4, 1SS9. Washington. April J. Bids were opened today for the construction of an armored coast defense monitor. San Francisco. April 3. The new cruise- Charleston is almost ready for sea Washington. April J. Tha flrrn delegation to Congress has united on and aubmltted to President Harrison the following named persona for Fed eral office In Oregon: J. B. Hunting ton, of Raker Cltv. for Rpi.t.r .-.t Captain Harrison Kelly, of Jackson ville, for Receiver of the new 1.. Office at Drewsey. In the new Harney district: M. J. Buford. of Yaqulna, for inaian Agent to Slletx; A. jC. Palmer, to be Postmaster at Prlnevllle: A Mt. lory, to bo Postmaster at Heppner; Dr. Lou Cleaver, of Raker Cltv. to be Ke later of the Land Office at La Grande and A. C. McClellan to be Receiver; Warren Truitt. of lal!aa. to be Hesla ter and Nathaniel Lancall. of Jackson ville, to be Receiver of the Land Office at Lakevlew; C. E. Moore, to be Post master at corvallis: Miss Jessie Baker. tO be POStmiatreni at 1 . 1 1 r m n ,1 m I,' G. M. Irwin, of ITnlon. to be Superln- lenueni or the Indian School at Che mawa: C. B. Holland, to be Postmaster at Jefferaon. Albany. Or.. April 3. Articles of in corporation of the Albany Mintna Milling Company will be filed this w eek by A. B. Mod in. W. T. Read. A. A Khode. Robert Brown. M. Cowan and R. M. Houston, to operate mines on the antlam. Seat'tle. April 3 A brilliantly light ed car moving swiftly down Second street with no apparent propellinc power made the first trip over the full length of the Seattle Street Railway to night. ' Salem. April 3. The charge of open ing a letter, made by Mrs. Cox against Dr. J. F. Moser. ex-Postmaster of 8il verton. was dismissed by J. J. Walton. United Statrs Commissioner. Rochester. X. Y.. April S. Edwin Booth was suddenly taken ill durlnc the performance of "Othello" this even ing. The City Council lust evening passed the ordinance awarding to the Willam ette Falls Klectrlcv Company the con tract for lighting the city for two years, over the veto of Mayor De Lash, mutt. An ordinance was passed grant ing the Metropolitan Railway Companv the right to construct an electric rail way on certain streets. At the first monthly meeting of the Baby Home directors, the Home with all its efrects, including 13 children, waa turned over to the new company by Mrs. Robb and Mrs. Halsey. Professor WetzelU County Superln tentent of Schools, yesterday created a new school district which Includes Marquam's Hill, Mount Zion and a por tion of Portland Heights. An enroll ment of 60 scholars is assured. SUNDAY FEATURES Royal Children. They are just like all other children, of course. But lhc way they are cared for and raised is different. An illus trated feature of wide interest. The Ladder of Success. Another account of the busi ness career and achievements of men well known in Portland. Princess Luisa's Memoir. Romantic dnys in her event ful life are recalled in her own story of her life. As to Homely "Women. They are not so greatly han dicapped as might appear at first thougrht, savs Blanche Bat es in an absorbing- special article on women. Future Man. That ho will not be exactly like lie is today is frenerally ad mitted, but just what he will evolve into is a subject that a number of noted thinkers treat in s most interesting manner. Our Monroe Doctrine. Another chapter in Theodore Roosevelt's discussion of vital topics in his own story of his life. The Real Japanese. A study of the gentle Nip ponese as they really are is pre sented by a Portland traveler and writer, who has had an op portunity for keen observation of our much-discussed Oriental neighbors. A full page, in colors. "Women Convert a King. Xow the Spanish monarch has joined the feminist move ment. The btory of his con version is entertainingly told in a letter from a Madrid cor respondent of The Oregonian. Sportdom. Baseball right up to the min ute, with a number of articles by experts giving the latest in side dope on the game. Lucky White House Brides. It is worth at least $50,000 to be a White House bride. An account of the lavish presents sent by potentates and govern ments. System in the Home. A valuable article for the housewife on the experiences of one systematic woman who has installed a filing cabinet and keeps everything listed. Character Pen Pointers. More than 100 specimens of handwriting are analyzed by Edilh Macomber Hall. The Despised Salt Weed. It is to be despised no longer, for it has been discovered that this ubiquitous pest can be con verted into fine sheep with no cost and little trouble. The Children's Page. The best children's page yet, with a number of striking illus trated features for the little ones. Scores of Other Features. 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