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cond-elas matter. .
SubscrlpUoa K.te lnTrlsblr In Adrnnce.
CBT MAIL)
Dally. Fonday Included, ona 7ax ? .,
Llljr. Sunday Incladed. six months J
Jlly. Sunday Included, three m .ntns . .- "7
Iaily. Sunday Included, one montb
lially, without Bunday. one year ,jj
taily. wltbeat Sunday, sis montha J--6
Daily, without Sunday, threa rooatna "M
Dally, without Sunday, one rnont
Weekly, one year 10
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(BT CAKRIR) M00
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Bow t. Kaaalt Send rto'tlce money
. upreea order or "rOD',cS5."y are
local bank. Stamp, cola or addreae
at aeadera riak. Olo P,.0"'c aa"
la full, tncladlnc county and atata.
Poata R.tia to IS pit's. 1 -.J,'
to 2 paaea. a eanu; M to 4o Hi.
tau; 78 to Id pass, cents. Forai n
ace. double ratea. ' v
Eaater. Boalaoa Offlcea Verree Co";
II n. jj.w yora. BrunawicK tulldina. cm
caio. btefer halldLna.
taa Fran.. Oil ice It. J. Bldwell Co,
T4il Market atreet.
POKTXASI). WED-MIAY, DEC. 11, .
BrRXESOCE THAT STINGS.
The ridicule heaped upon the Wil
son policy In the Philippines by the
arabao Club stings because it ex
presses the opinion entertained of that
policy by men who know the Philip
pines from having served there and
from personal contact with the Fili
pinos. It is an opinion held not only
by Army and Navy officers, who com
pose the Carabao Club, but by civilian
official who have served In the is
lands. It is the opinion of the men
who know as opposed to that of the
men who theorize at long range.
The men who poked fun at the Ad
ministration policy were open to cen
sure only because they seem to have
gone beyond mere harmless fun and
because they occupy responsible posi
tions under the officials they hold up
to ridicule. Their antics differed from
those of the Gridiron Club In the fact
that there was a sting in their satire,
and that the latter body, being com
posed of newspaper men, who owe no
loyalty to the men they lampoon, need
not consider co'nsequences. either to
the Administration or to its mem
bers. The Carabao Club men, being
instruments for the execution, of the
Government's policy, were not free to
give public expression to an unfavor
able opinion of that policy.
But in making the Carabao Club's
doings the occasion for public con
demnation, the President and his Cab.
Inet officers have made a mountain of
a molehill. They have advertised the
fact that their policy is condemned by
those who. having personal knowl
edge, are In the best position to Judge.
The surest way to take the edge off
satire is to make light of it. By tak
ing it seriously the President creates
the impression that his jovial critics
have made a palpable hit. A private
reprimand would have better gained
his end. for it would have deprived
the critics of that publicity which he
should have least desired.
One can read between the lines of
the dispatches that the censure of the
iarabaos had its source in Secretary
Bryan. In the eyes of -the Secretary
of State every person wearing- the uni
form of the Army or Navy has horns
and cloven hoofs and is a votary of
the hated militarism. From him came
the Inspiration of the new Philippine
policy, and he takes to himself per
sonally any criticism of It.
Yet Mr. Wilson and Mr. Bryan are
reaping only the natural fruit of their
entire foreign policy. They have
caused the United States to shrink
Into Us shell. They have meddled in
Mexico and threatened to meddle in
all Latin America, yet have renounced
the only means by which other na
tions can be induced to tolerate their
meddling. Is there any wonder that
these policies come in for occasional
satires?
Mr. Bryan has removed the men of
training, experience and proved ability
from the diplomatic service and has
turned over to spoilsmen the offices
by which we cultivate friendly rela
tions with other nations. He recalls
Rockhill and appoints Plndell, who is
so obviously incapable of holding his
own with the able diplomats he would
meet In fit. Petersburg, and whose ap
pointment was made under such cir
cumstances that the Senate committee
on foreign relations has unanimously
called for the entire correspondence
relating thereto and has held up the
appointment until it Is produced. Mr.
Bryan has sent to Santo Domingo a
mediocre lawyer and stump orator,
whose arrival was promptly followed
by a scandal. These things aro done
after we had been for years building
up a diplomatic service to mnteh
those of other nations, a service where
nwrlt was everything and party was
nothing and which had lifted us to
our proper ranks in the estimation of
the world. The splendid work of Sec
retaries Hay. Root and Knox is
thrown to the winds In order that the
hungry spoilsmen may be fed. -
The methods by which our diplo
matic service was enlisted in the
service of American commerce in ac
cordance with the practice of other
nations, were branded "dollar diplo
macy, and were repudiated, but what
have we in their place but BO-cent
diplomacy? The office must not be
degraded by being used to help our
merchants to extend their trade, but it
may be degraded Into a reward for po
litical service.
The Bryan policy has become an
object of reprobation to newspapers of
every shade of political opinion, not
excepting many of the staunchest up
holders of Mr. Wilson's domestic pol-
icy. Mr. Bryan has, therefore, be
come touchy, and when a social gath
ering of Army officers, recalling mem
ories of their Philippine campaigns.
sings one of the songs of the lnsur
' rection possibly with no thought of
current political affairs, he flies to his
chief with a demand that they be dis
ciplined. The Carabaos may be disci
plined, but the chorus of disapproval
of the ignoble Bryan foreign policy
will only sound the louder.
VICTiAuAX AOS DESPISED.
A proposition by Mrs. Horton, of
Buffalo, that the woman of America
erect a statue of Queen Victoria has
caused the argument about women
to break out in a new place. The
' good Queen's friendship for this coon
try when we needed friends Is for
gotten by American apologists of the
suffragettes, and Edna Kenton. In The
Century, scoffs at "the early Victorian
woman" as "the logical finished prod'
uct of woman molded perfectly to
man's world." and the Victorian era
is called "the falsest of eras."
Frederic Harrison, In The Nin
teenth Century and After, struck sav
age blows at the new Georgian era.
which has followed the Victorian, by
saying:
The saw craaa under which wa are now
aufferlns is the Cult of the Foul worehlp
or admiration of the oily, the natty, the
brutal, poetry, romance, nrmw, ...
sculpture, muilc. manners, even dress are
now recatt to en It popular taste, by adopting
forme which hitherto have been regarded as
unpleaslnff. rroae or actually loathsome. To
be refined la to be g-oody-s-oody"; gutter
lane le lo "actual" : If a ruffian tramp
knll hia pal It le "o strong"; and If on
Ihe stage hla ragged paramour bltea off a
rlvara ear the half-penny, press ecreame with
delight. Painters are warned against any
thing "pretty." ma they dab on bright tints 10
look Ilka a linoleum pattern, or they so
for subjects to a thieves' kitchen. The one
aim In Ufa, aa In art. la to shoe one's ra
mother. And when the aoclety yon1"
danoea In bara lege, the op-to-data girl can
dreaa like a atable lad.
As the pendulum swung from the
Puritanism of Cromwell to the liber
tinism of Charles IL. so it seems to
have swung again from the prudery
and domesticity of Victoria to the
blunt frankness and the outbreaks of
feminine riot in the days of George
V. It may swing back with the sec
ond advent of the crinoline.
LOCATING Tins ACBTrfcRIUM.
Commissioner Brewster announces
his purpose to take up anew the pro
posal to build an auditorium for Port
land. It will be recalled that the city
three years ago voted 600,000 in
bonds for the construction of a public
auditorium and that a commission ap
pointed by Mayor Simon carried for
ward the preliminary work through
the stages of deciding on the archi
tectural plans and making a tentative
selection of the site; but when the
bonds were offered for sale there
were no bids on terms acceptable
to the city and required by the terms
of the proposed issue.
Now the bond market Is better, and
there is a fair prospect of selling the
bonds at par. or better. Meanwhile
the new charter has been adopted and
the project rests with the City Com
mission. The public has observed a diligent
ffnrt to secure location of the audl-
Slde, on me
City 8 means are jiiiau . . . ... .
otner reason is in vjm. vm.
of tne East Side want the auditorium
I
It appears now to be taken for
granted that the previous large plans
for a structure covering more than a
block must be modified, and that a
single block must be held to be ade
quate. There are many single blocks
In Portland belonging to the public,
and more than one of them is suitable
for the auditorium. They are (1) tn
Of I HO aUUIlVtlUliit - w r I
plaza blocks, (2) the old Lincoln High
shnni fSl the Armory. (4) the Me
thanics Fair, (5) the present Couch
School.
The city, the count'and the .school
district are all represented In the
ownership of these respective blocks;
but all belong to the public. It is
strange that no practicable proposal
for trade or negotiation has been
made between these various owners,
all Interested alike, or very nearly
alike in an auditorium, so as to give
the city a desirable site.
Here is a practicable problem for
some one ,or more of our many pro
motion or welfare organizations to
take up.
BILL OR BEAR OX HOPS
The Oregonlan some days since re
ported the sale of 200 bales of hops
at North Yakima at 25 cents; and it
had from one of the parties to the
alleged transaction an immediate de
mand for correction, or retraction.
fnim the other narty The Oregonlan
received later a letter also denying the
authenticity of its report. Due cor
rection was then made, it is timeiy to
make a quotation from the North
Yakima letter:
Thla. aa wall at many of your articles on
v i. WMn enrf varr mleleadlna. aa The
Oregonlan t the family bible for the hop
rrowere. and they look to It for their guid
ance. When the hop market la weaX
lot of bull artlclea appear in your
paper. What do the growera naturally
think? They think that you are giving
the "right dope"; and that we legitimate
dealers, who are trying to bux. hops at
their fair value, are bearing tha market.
The Orearonlan Is not much con
cerned at what the hopgrowers think
of the hop dealers, and it is very lit
tle concerned about what some hop
dealers think of The Oregonlan: but
It Is a great deal concerned about
what the many thousand hard-work-in
r nrl deserving? hODRTOwers of the
Northwest think of The Oregonlan.
That they regard it as their family
Bible is a tribute to the worth ana
honesty of its market and other col
umns, and' to their knowledge that
The Oregonlan Is neither long nor
short on hops, and has a primary in
terest in seeing that the producer gets
full value for his crop and Is not bull
dosed or deceived into selling too low,
on the one hand, or waiting too long
for a better market on the other hand.
The Oregonlan frankly tells this hop
dealer and eVery other that It is a bull
on hops in the sense that every grower
is a bull: and It tells them that it is
a bull every day in the year, and every
year, while your bull dealer of this
year is last year's bear, dependent en
tirely on how he has guessed the mar.
ket, and on whether he has sold long
or short. But Its purpose, day in and
day out, is to learn the facts about
hop quotations, so that it may neither
mislead itself nor mislead others. For
obvious reasons It Is impossible to rely
on the dealers, but it roust determine
by its own, study and observations
what world's hop conditions are, and
it bases its quotations upon actual
transactions.
Thcra are various reasons why the
principals to any sale do not desire, or
at least are not concerned; aDout, re
porting the price or the details, and
not infrequently The Oregonlan is led
Into error. But the public knows, as
The Oregonlan knows, that the only
hasU for the market Is bona fide sales.
not mythical, or possible, or condi
tional, sales; and the Dona nae rec
ord The Oregonlan seeks to give. If
there were a hop exchange, or a pub
lic market, the task would be easy;
but there Is none, and in the conflict
nf Interests between the dealers, and
often among the growers themselves.
the work of giving an autnenuo rec
nrJ la attended hv constant difficulties.
The Oreronian will continue to do
the best it can, and all it can, to give
tne iacts. ii ji is ui jicmiuiujiw
enough to suit the bear dealers, or the
hop ganrblers generally, it will have to
worry along without their esteem and
support. But .what would the hop
facts. It k is not pessimistic
mar.. " '
te it n-.r. tn Tin Tart ,h Th.
Oregonlan to tnemr
" '. 77
In hU remarks upon tne carabao
Club dinner. Secretary of the Navy
Daniels said.
Tha whole Phlllpplna policy of the Got-
ernment baa changed, thla Administration
mlkln. ayarr- effort to giro Independence
. i-- mininnk when they are ready for it
IW Ml, "
. . . . 1
jr mat Ware a true ucuuiuuu ui mo
. . . . 11 . 1 1 Jl
torlum on tne iui ouc, v year, iiie ucaui ""'""b -
sround partly that sites within the employes was ,7.46 per thousand in
. . I.VU tYmnr ln.l,,.o , a Uh 0.91 in
Administration pviiy, iugib nvum uc i imbou tuivue . ... n - wy
no change. The Roosevelt and Taft tal does not seem to have entertained
. . . ... I . 1 w.tl KT JnilK, 1.A mnrmtrmrA
Administrations were uiemiug every
effort to give independence to the
Philippines when tliey are ready for
It." The change is aue to tne ract mat
the Wilson Administration Is turning
MORNING OREGOXTAX. WEDNESDAY.
' T.
the government over to the Filipinos
before they are ready ror u.
XATIOXAL EMERGENCY CORPS. t
Secretary Garrison's report presents
the Army in a new light. We have
been accustomed to regard it as a
body of men trained to fight and
loafing around waiting for a Var.
Mr. Garrison shows it to be an object
lesson in sanitation and an ever
ready machine for the building of
canals and levees, for relief in time
of flood, fire and cyclone, and for
repair of damage wrought by such
disasters. We wanted a canal at
Panama mnd sent Army officers. We
wished to test a typhoid preventive
and we tried it on the Army, with
wonderful success. Floods wrecked
Dayton and swept down the Ohio and
Mississippi Valleys; we sent the Army
to aid the sufferers, guard the wreck
age and restore the towns to some
semblance of order. Forest fires
raged, and again we sent the Army.
How efficient Is the Army in sani
tation can be Judged from its suc
cess in conquering typhoid, the dis
ease which claimed more victims than
bullets among our troops in the Span,
lsh war. Compulsory immunization
reduced the number of cases to 18
in the year 1912. and five of these
occurred in recruits, who had been
Infected prior to enlistment. There
were only three deaths from typhoid,
none of them in immunized cases.
Compulsory preventive and other
measures reduced the number of cases
of venereal diseases In 1912 to less
than one-half of the average of the
preceding five years. Malarial fever
and tuberculosis have been dimin
ished, and there has been less sick
ness In the camps on. the Mexican
border than in the average post.
The greatest triumph of sanitation
achieved by the Army has been on
the Panama Canal, the neaitn or tne
zone having improved from year to
year. The death rate among an wnne
i,xj-ao, iuwv' - - -
uu
united States it was only 5.38, against
F rtt. klnnlr n m r 1 n o e it WHS
9.39, against 10.47, and for all em-
nlovea 8.94. aeainst 10.16. Few
cities In the United States can show
a death rate nearly as low, and they
point to It witn great, pnae.
The Army Is much more man a
fighting machine. It is an object
lesson in the efficiency of organiza
tion and discipline in the works of
I1VI1 iuvij..w w
peace as well as in war. whenever
an emergency - arises, it does for the
people In general what tne Demon
stration farm does for the farmer, by
rntnnnH 1 n tr nromntlv and Working
swiftly, but noiselessly and effective
ly- tn da iwhat Is needed. The Army
Is a great National emergency corps.
A JOURNEY Ji-OUN I THE WOELD.
John Henrv Mean has contributed
to the Independent an account of the
trip round the world which he made
for the New York Evening Sun last
July. He completed the trip in the
shortest time on record, 35 days, 21
hours and some minutes, but in order
to accomplish the feat he availed
himself of certain advantages not
enjoyed by ordinary travelers. For
example, in crossing Siberia the train
fell behind time on account of a
washout. To make up the lost hours
Mr. Mears bribed the "engineer to
speed up his train. This no traveler
not backed by an influential newspa
Der. with plenty of money at his dis
posal, could have done.
A rain, when he reached Chang
Chung he was greeted by a brilliant
delegation of Japanese officials, who
assured him that "the whole South
Manchurlan railway was at his dis
nosaJ." Bv means of this sort he man
aged to reach Fusan only three hours
late and there he found that the
steamer for Shimonoseki had been
held for him. aa it would not have
been for an ordinary traveler. With
similar favors awaiting him at many
points along his route it is no wonder
that iVTr Mears made better speed
than any of his predecessors. He uti
lized the various transportation
tems up to the best they could do un
der the stimulus of official orders.
bribes and favoritism. Of course this
Is. no reproach to Mr. Mears, but it
shows that his record seta no pace
which other people can hope to follow.
It is like a trapeze performance at tne
circus, interesting enough once in a
way, but not for everyday men and
women to think of imitating.
Mr. Mears availed himself or an
other device for gaining time on his
trip. He kept Judiciously near to the
North Pole. It Is readily understood
that a June bur walking round an ap
ple will greatly shorten his Journey
if he travels close to tne stem. uur
circumnavigator acted upon the same
nrlnclnle. New York, wnlcn lies in
North latitude 41 degrees, was the
southernmost point or nts journey.
Had be followed the Eouator he
would have been obliged to go a great
deal farther.
The actual distance which he cov
ered was, according to his own story,
21,0(6 miles. The equatorial circum
ference of the globe is 25,000 miles,
w Mears' mlleas-e includes, of
course,' all the zigzags he was obliged
to make on account or crooicea rail
roads, indirect steamer connections
and the like. At the Equator he
would have had the same obstacles to
overcome, only in a form far more
serious. It would be Interesting to
see how quickly a skillful and ener
getic traveler like Mr. Mears could
really make a Journey round the
world. It is interesting to slip round
the top of the earth as he did, and
perhaps one may call such a journey
"circling pf the globe" if he likes, but
it la, a very different thing from going
round at the Equator.
In hot haste Mr. Mears saw a good
many things along his route. He did
London In two or three hours, meet
ing apparently most of the British
notables and omitting no buildings
worthy of attention. Very likely he
saw the city as thoroughly as the or
dinary sightseer and remembered
more of it. Arrived at Paris, he found
himself with 35 minutes' leisure in
which to inspect the Louvre. The
- - -,r , . -
Venus of Milo enjoyed an adequate
share of his notice. He looked at-the
crown Jewels and naturally, as a good
American, performed his devotions at
I LI1 ml . X
Morcran collection
. .
Then Antlpe. done, he flew about tha
r-ltv in an automobile. disDOSlne; thus
I of thA TClffal Tower. NaDOleon'a tomb
champs Elysees with exem-
ceierlty. These disagreeable
..v. mnfront all travelers to forelen
.... a of , be
I . " -
thankful to Mr. Mears for showing
I t.n tVii-mie-fe t Vi om of tha lanjxt
I uwn m.j qui. fc-- o
I n ,(ma cm friiihla XJ
i uycuso vi . ,
I J 1..A..WK Y3Alln Kilt Ihal nant.
i mm very ncii. w uui o "'
' about the streets and accumulated a
fund of observations to be disclosed
later, but in the independent article
be mentions nothing more Interesting
at the German capital than the Rus
sian embassy, where "he obtained his
"special passport," another favor not
forthcoming for ordinary persons who
are in a hurry.
Rubles play a conspicuous part in
Mr. Mears' Russian experiences. He
discovered their efficacy at the fron
tier, where the customs official passed
his baggage for ten rubles. We have
mentioned how convenient he found
them on the trans-Siberian railroad.
Two more of Mr. Mears' Russian ob
servations are instructive. One per
tains to. pictures. The authorities
would not permit htm to use his cam
era. He did not obey their orders very
strictly and suffered no unpleasant
consequences, but the orders existed
and could not be officially disregarded.
Ostensibly the autocracy frowns on
photographers for military reasons.
Every picture-taker is a possible spy.
But really there is so much in Rus
sia that the Czar and his officials have
cause to be ashamed of that they
would no doubt prohibit the camera
though there were no spies on earth.
The other fact concerning the Rus
sian Empire which Mr. Mears men
tions casually may perhaps set some
of his readers thinking. The popula
tion of that vast realm, he tells us, is
165,000,000, of whom 85 per cent are
utterly illiterate. This means that
their minds and bodies are at the ab
solute disposal of the government for
any purpose they may wish to accom
plish. Suppose they should wish
some day to undertake a crusade
against Germany and Western Eu
rope. Holy Russia would pour forth
her countless millions. Inspired by the
priests and fortified by tralnloads of
ikons and it is very interesting to
speculate upon what the consequences
might be. Perhaps the stories of
Tamerlane and Jenghis Khan would
appear in a new edition revised to fit
the circumstances of the twentieth
century.
The Oregonlan pointed out years
ago, when Porflrlo Diaz' troubles be
gan, that the Mexican land question
was at the bottom of the disturbance.
Most of our contemporaries compla
cently overlooked the truth then, but
now they are all taking it up as a new
and wonderful discovery. Dlsz brought
on the revolution by robbing the peas
ants of their land, which he lawlessly
turned over to great proprietors.
After having been assured that the
Mexican federal army was completely
routed in the whole of Northern Mex
ico, we now learn that they are threat
ening an attack on Chihuahua, the
rebel stronghold. Not even a Phila
delphia lawyer could keep track of the
tangle.
A woman la In jail at Eugene for
stealing an umbrella. Distressing as
It may seem, the umbrella, like the
dog, is property, and one who would
get one without paying must needs go
to church for it, where detection is
difficult.
Secretary Bryan is td speak at the
annual banquet of the Kansas State
Democratic Club and 250 gallons of
grapejulce have been ordered for the
occasion. Great- self-restraint will be
necessary to prevent a disgraceful
orgy. ' -
President Wilson has' ordered the
White House mint bed destroyed. Ap
parently he refuses even to eat mint
sauce with lamb, because the mint in
the Julep has been keeping bad com
pany for so many, years.
Chicago women having objected to
tobacco fumes at the pools, men re
taliate by objecting to perfumes. Be
tween cabbage fumes and strong per
fumes there Is Indeed little choice.
TV. si-a tnlri tn n Kaw TJenartment
announcement that the price of beef
has been forced down, but the humble
shopper is unable to confirm this re
port at the butcher shop
The Carabaos blame it on tho press
agent. "Therein they differ from
Captain Coghlan, of a dozen years ago,
who Hoched der Kaiser and stood up
and took his medicine.
Our floet has lust proved its effi
ciency" by a 9000-mile voyage. How
ever, the efficient fleet of today may oe
mere junk tomorrow, in these fast
moving times. "
According to a "noted astronomer,
the rworld will die in 15,000,000 more
years. So the Democrats will have to
move a little faster with that currency
bill.
New York jrangsters fired fifty shots
in an early morning duel. Fortu
nately Innocent Bystander was not
present, so. of course, no on was hit.
A Paris monkey has acquired tha
morphine habit. Which proves tnat
it- Is nosnihln to render the simian
quite as low as the human animal.
Then there is the charitable citizen
who dreams of helping tho poor this
Christmas, but puts it off until De
cember 26, when he forgets it.
The powers have agreed to let
Greece keep nine of the eleven. Islands
occupied during the late war. What's
the matter with the islands?
As to President Wilson's huff over
the Army-Navy songs, why doesn't he
show a little of that spirit over af
fronts from Mexico?
Ragging has been barred at Med
ford. But who would think of danc
ing that old-fashioned dance In these
tangoing days?
The rush for grill reservations for
New Year Is already on. Pew space,
however, may be secured at a much
later date.
As to burlesques on the Administra
tion's Philippine policy, we insist that
the policy itself Is a burlesque.
It Is shown that scientific men live
longest. They have less to do with
nerve-destroying emotion.
Milwaukee doctors have decided to
ignore the eugenics law. Ruin their
business if they don't.
Farmers in Gibson County, Indiana,
plow with dynamite, so hard is the
soil. It's a hard life.
A North Dakota mob differs from
the Louisiana article solely in the
color scheme.
Just a week left In which to buy
everything for everybody.
The footpad and burglar season Is
now In full swing;. ; :
DECEMBER 17, 1913-
I A LEADER, DESFITIi 1 uminr.3
General Villa Described aa "A Disgust
ing; Beast in Unman Form."
New York Times..
A correspondent of the Sun who once
chanced to travel in a train with Gen
eral "Pancho" Villa, his newly wedded
bride and some of his rough ana sav
age followers, writes an enusiiitiuus
description of the man who is just now
at least dividing attention witn aa
nominal chief. General Carranza, as a
possible ruler of distracted Mexico.
Of Villa this observer says: "I have
never seen a more disgustlnp; beast In
human form." To justly this narsn
characterization, however, he only adds
that the ex-bandlt has "a bullet head.
black, shifty and beady eyes, ana a
burly person which was clad In rutny
graucho costume." Change tne wora
"shifty" to "quick," as anotner judge
might, and the picture Is about what
would be expected of a leader engaged
in such a war as this. Villa's critic
goes on to admit that the man .showed
remarkable ability in controllng his
rough Boldlers, many of whom had been
made obstreperous by too free Indul
gence in aguardiente. He took away
and threw out of the car windows the
bottles of the noisiest, and they sub
mitted without protest to this cruel de
privation. That the bride was a' peas
ant with her hair hanging down her
back hardly counts for as much as
does the fact, that Villa treated ner
with affectionate respect, and it is not
fair to be squeamish about the con
dition of a gruerrilla warrior's costume.
What the man -will become remains
to be seen, but he Is eviuenuy weu ad
justed to his present time and place.
He has shown caution as well as cour
age, and from the hunted criminal with
a borrowed revolver, as he was "when
he joined the Constitutionalists, he has
already gone far. General Carranza,
who finds him a useful Instrument,
doubtless knows that he is also a dan
gerous one, but while the .one defends
what the other does, the moral differ
ence between them is not great.
MENACE
OP
CROWDED
CARS
Coat of the Journey Meaaurea Far More
Than Dollars and Cente.
Journal of the American Medical As
sociation. A narrow car; seats filled with per
sons attempting to read newspapers
while the car swings and jolts along its
way; aisles jammed with men and wo
men, boys and gins and tiny cniiaren,
swaying and rubbing one against the
A,v.A. i a n H anAtzins. nushlnir
and pressing what a sight for a pro
gressive age; wnai a sermon i" .
moralist; what a despair for the stu
dent of public health and hygiene!
Endless problems are presented by
this picture, seen daily In nearly every
American city. Most important is the
n.noa trm haith from the thousands
of bacteria, hidden in the throats of
diseased men and women, ana sprayea
directly into a stagnant air, moist and
nnmovine- In the absence of sufficient
means of ventilation. Virulent organ
isms are Inhaled into the throats ana
lungs of tired workers and tiny babies,
who form an excellent host for their
quick cultivation. The fare for the
ride Is small, out tne cost canuui u
estimated in terms of dollars and cents.
Fathers Were Brief.
PORTLAND. Deo. 15. (To the Editor.)
t -arltto OAnernl WashlnKton in ine
Legislature of Virginia, before the Revolu
tion, and. durlnK it. with Doctor FranMIn
in Congress. I never heard either of them
speaK aoove icn 'iu - , - . ,
any but the main point, which was to decide
tne question. .
l ney laia ucn nuiuu.. ,j
points, knowing that the little ones would
follow of themselves. 11 me iirewm -areas
errs In too much talking, how can It
, ... , - k.riv tn vhinh the neople
De owtcrwiw, , - . J - - -
send 150 lawyers, whose trade Is to Question
. . ..I.M n)!.ln. mnA tttllc hV tllO
hourT That 150 lawyers should do business
together ought not to be expected Extract
from the writings of Thomas Jefferson.
How does the above apply to condi
tions 120 years after It was written,
and does it afford a possible explana
tion of the length of time it takes to
get a small amount of business through
a legislature or a Congress composed
of a large number of lawyers?
GEORGE C. HOWARD.
Exorbitant Fees Charged.
PORTLAND, Dec 13. (To the Edi
tor.) Among the alleged reforms in
troduced by the Commissioner of Pub
lic Works is a charge of 2 for a per
mit for laying each lineal 60 feet of
sidewalk. Even if any charge should
be made, this is exorbitant, for the
City Engineer does nothing except set
grade stakes and inspect the work
when done. This is not worth more
than a fraction of the fee charged.
Former administrations were so
ready to encourage property owners to
lay permanent sidewalks that they
charged no fee for engineering, but the
general policy seems now to be to
punish the man who makes improve
ments by fining him and exacting fees
at every step. If this is progress, it is
progress backward a W. F. RYAN.
Underwood Bill and Amendments.
nfTTC'WRT.T or.. Dec. 13. (To the
cAimr m What is the Underwood
bill? 2) What is the 16th amendment?
(S) What IS tne inn ameiiuuioui.
CLYDE LAUGHLIN.
(1) The Underwood bill Is the latest
tariff loxc imi Is the expression or tne
present Administration on the tariff
question.
tit The 16th amendment gives Con
gress the power to lay and collect taxes
on Incomes at the source, witnout ap
nnrtlonment amoni? the states and
without regard to any census or enu
meration.
(3) The- 17th amendment provides
for the election of United States Sena
tors by direct vote of the people.
Great Contribution to Xlteratnre.
PORTLAND, Deo. 1 (To the Edi
tor.) It is a matter of gratification
that our member of Congress -has writ
ten his biography, for it must be con
ceded that a man's life may best be
written by himself; for he alone, as in
this case, is in possession of what he
has done. ,,'
Besides, that clearness of narrative
and elegance in which are embalmed
the personal events and achievements
of our member from Oregon furnish a
biography the like of which not many
have seen or heard. Few things are
of such intevest as the progress of the
mind and fortunes of a great man, and
fortunate it Is that we have been given
his career before his death, for the
srrave is. a famous keeper of secrets.
K CITIZEN.
Rights in Second Mortgage.
PORTLAND, Dec. 13. (To the Edi
tor.) Please tell mew what my rights
are in a second mortgage, where ths
party defaults payment and tenders the
Interest due. , J. A. D.
The question is not very definite. If
default is in payment of principal the
holder of the second mortgage may
foreclose and assume the first mort
gage, but no rights are surrendered
If interest Is accepted and the mort
gage allowed to run provided 10 years
have not elapsed from the date of ma
turity of the mortgage.
Bar Examinations,
ROGUE RIVER, Or., Dec. 12. (To
tha Editor.) Please state how and
where to address the State Board of
Bar Examiners. R- F. CASEBALT.
Write to the Clerk of the Supreme
Court, Salem, Or,
Half a Century Ago
From Tho Oregonlan of December IT. 1S83.
City Council fetition oi oirons suu
others for a lamppost at the corner- of
Morrison and Second streets was re
ferred. Contract for improving public
o xi-o rA.l to W. H. Frush.
Ordinance establishing ferry landing
and granting root or stars, sircci ui
that purpose was read.
C...,W a nov olnnSRS in Which We
k". . V. v . " ' - "
do not hear of some one's dog being
destroyed by poison. Yesterday W. B.
Mead's splendid Newfoundland was
killed in thi3 manner.
Captain Holman, of the mail steamer
tv, T-T r'iifh wna nhliEred to Stop
ml U1IU ' " . ,
his engines several times on his last
trip up to prevent tne flesiructiuu
his paddle wheels by driftwood. 1
The collating of the matter for a
: 1 n r. itv rHrni't.irv tn n train beinK
pushed forward by Mr. Bushwc-ilcr.
J. W. J. Pierson, agent for Grover
& Baker sewing machines, proposes to
put up at raffle two magnificent broad
cloth opera cloaks, valued at $50 each.
Twenty-five Years Ago
Prom The Oregonlan of December 17, 1SSS.
North Yakima, Dec. 16. The Board
of Trada was reorganized last night
with the following officers: President,
J. B. Reavis; vice-president, ti. M.
Goodwin; secretary, Fred Reed; corre
sponding secretary, E. C. Robertson;
treasurer, G. W. Rodman; executive
committee, R. K. Nickels, Edward
Whltcom, A. B. Weed, W. H. Chap
man and M. Bartholett.
Evangelist Moody delivered three
sermons yesterday, the first at the
Presbyterian Church and the others at
the Tabernacle.
Between 200 and 300 people assem
bled in Masonic hall last evening to
listen to a rationalistic oration from
B. F. Underwood, of Boston. "Moody
ism on the Cause and Cure of Revivals,"
was the subject.
Considerable excitement was occa
sioned yesterday afternoon by the es
cape of a steer from the stock pens at
the foot of Alder street.
Two squads of I Company, O. N. G.,
will have a competitive drill tonight.
Lewis Ashman, who for the past three
years has been connected with the
Portland house of Tatum & Bowen, left
yesterday with his wife for Tacoma.
. Philip Rltz. the well-known Wash
ington Territory pioneer, living at
Walla Walla, Is suffering from heart
trouble at the Esmond.
WHAT ONE SUPERVISOR IS DOIXG
Interest in Ken School Office Found
to Be Awakening.
BROWNSVILLE, Or., Dec. 13. (To
the Editor.) Recently I took with me
Professor Harrington, the State Field
Industrial Worker, and made a round
among some of my schools. I dis
cussed the standardization of my
schools and he discussed agricultural
and Industrial work. The standard
ization scheme is having- a great ef
fect upon my Bchools.- I am getting
many things In the way of improve
ments and more efficient work than
I had anticipated. Professor- Harring
ton aroused great Interest in tho
every-day things of life. He says that
an education is not alone that which is
derived from books, but rather that
preparation which fits one for life to
be able to do something and do it
well.
We visited rural schools only. Dur
ing the week we visited 20 districts.
40 teachers, 1032 pupils, and had 110
visitors present. We also held one
night meeting which will probably re
sult in the employing of an extra
teacher and the fitting up of an extra
room In the Peoria Public School. They
also discussed the feasibility of build
ing a new, up-to-date school building
for the next year. . j
I am planning on having an indus
trial exhibit In each of my schools some
time this Spring and later a number of
local fairs in centers sufficiently near
each section that every pupil and par
ent may attend. I belfeve every pupil
will take part If the exhibit be nea
enough that he may attend and take
his friends to see and discuss ills
product.
I am also planning to hold local
track meets such that each country
school, as well as the high schools,
may take part. Each school will have
Its team which Is to consist of bpth
boys and girls. The programme will
be simple enough so that every country
pupil may participate without much
expense. By this scheme. I believe the
"play problem" will be practically
solved and thus assist very materially
In the discipllnine of the school.
I have found, so far. no opposition
to my supervisory work and believe
my district is Decoming strongly in
favor of the office, Jr. baiusk,
Supervisor District No. 8, Linn County.
FISH-TRAPS AS "USELESS RELICS."
Kentucky Flskermen Think Seines and
Dynamite More Suitable.
Louisville (Ky.) Courier-Journal.
The state fish and game commission
has ordered a warden to go to Trig,
county for the- purpose of destroying
some old-time fish traps in Little river.
The traps are said to have been In ex
istence for nearly nair a century.
Last year a warden destroyed one of
the contrivances near Cadiz. It had
been built so substantially that the
warden was compelled to resort to dy
namite to dislodge it The fish traps are
built at low water seasons and they
are constructed of logs and poles. The
fish are caught at periods of high
water and the trap is so complete that
once Inside they cannot get out. When
the high tide subsides they are to be
had for the catching ana can De easily
taken out with a clip net or by other
means.
The fish and game commission Is de
stroying these old traps wherever they
are found. It Is not probable that any
new ones will be built, for most of
those that are being destroyed were
constructed 50 or 75 years ago, in most
Instances as a sort or neigntornooa
enterprise. Those who engage In fish
slaughter nowadays employ methods
which involve less time and labor. A
fish trap of the Little river variety
la -a immanent affair, not easily built
or concealed, and the modern fisher
man of predatory and destructive tend
encies finds seines and dynamite more
suitable to his purpose.
The advantage of the fish traps, from
the standpoint of those who built them,
was that they not only trapped the fish,
but held them in hopeless bondage until
such time as they were transferred to
the frying pan. The disadvantages were
that they made poor fishing for the
man who enjoyed a day's sport with
the old-fashioned hook and line. Also
In times of low water thousands of Im
prisoned fish sometimes died In he
traps thus polluting the stream and
surrounding atmosphere.
The old fish traps will soon be a
thing of the past, but the predatory
fisherman with nets and dynamite, and
his utter disregard for law and morals,
Is a still more potent force for fish de
struction and will continue to tax the
energies and the vigilance of the war
dens. 1 Yes.
CONDON. Or., Dec. 13. (To the Edi
tor.) In a small town a Mr. X Is on
the Town Council; Mr. X also has a sa
loon In this town, and votes In the
Council, thereby . helping grant him
self a license. Is this lawful?
A CITIZEN. ,
OREGONIAN
ANNUAL
Big Edition to Be Issued January
1, 1914, a Complete review
of State's Progress.
All features of the year's de
velopment in Oregon will be in
cluded in The Oregonian Annual.
The number will be complete in
every particular. No phase of ad
vancement in Portland or in the
state will be neglected. For many
years the Annual has been pre
eminent in its field, and the forth
coming issue is fully up to the high,
mark established. Its test is con
cise, reliable and authoritative and
its pictoral pages have not been
surpassed. Some of the many in
teresting features are here out
lined: Preparing for the
World's Ships
Xever before has the great Co
lumbia River Basin, with its area
of 250,000 square miles, been so
aroused to the necessity of prepar
ing for a greater ocean commerce.
Just what has been done toward
deepening the river, not only to
Portland, but to give direct ship
ping to Eastern Oregon, Eastern
"Washington and Idaho, is related.
Men of the different sections write
of the particular interest their lo
calities have in the Northwest's
wonderful waterway. Uncle Sam's
millions are making of the Colum
bia one of the world's finest har
bors; but there is much to accom
plish and Oregon will do her share.
Effect of the
Panama Canal
This is a problem in which the
Pacific Northwest is vitally inter
ested. What advantages will Ore
gon End Washington gain in mar
keting their lumber, grain, fruit and
other products? What is the out
look for immigration and what will
be the character of the people we
must assimilate? These questions
will be answered by men who have
made a careful study of the situ
ation, American Consuls !
Will' Contribute
So far as the Pacific Coast is
concerned, no more interesting
articles have been written than
those prepared especially for the
Annual by American Consuls
abroad. They deal with commerce
and emigration to tha Pacific Coast
which will follow the completion of
the canal, and are written at first
hand by men who know conditions
in the leading foreign ports. The
writers will include Consuls-General
at Liverpool, Hamburg, Bordeaux,
Havre, Vienna, Copenhagen and
Christiania.
Portland's
Harbor Needs
Portland is fully alive lo the
necessity of preparing for greater
ocean commerce, exemplified by the
coming in 1913 of two new Oriental
Steamship lines and the present or
ganization of an Alaskan service,
as well as the promise of many ad
ditional carriers when the canal is
open. The Annual will have a full
page drawing of Portland's present
harbor, as well as diagrams of im
portant development on tho lower
harbor, with explanatory articles.
Pictorial Portland
Section
One entire section of 16 pages
will be devoted to Portland pictures.
It will contain full-page photo
graphs of tho seven largest build
ings erected in 1913, and other
pages in which the city's principal
business blocks will be grouped in
new and striking style. There will
be a remarkable two-page drawing
of tho central business section,
which required two months' work
by an Oregonian artist. This sec
tion will show some of the results
of Portland's building expenditure
of more than $80,000,000 during
the past five years.
Oregon Industries
Progressing
The agricultural and other indus
tries of the state at large will not
be overlooked. Text and pictures
will call attention to gains made
along many lines. Such subjects as
good roads, including the Pacific
Highway and the Columbia River
Highway, and important new leg
islation will bo covered.
Progress of Oregon j
Counties Summarized
There will be a brief, definite
summary of development from each
Oregon county. These reviews will
give the output of various com
modities, price of land, new indus
tries established, railroads built and
similar information. Pictures of
buildings erected in Oregon cities
in 1913 will accompany this
synopsis. .
Results of New
City Chatter
Mayor Albee and the Commis
sioners will tell of results of Port
land's new commission charter. All
phases of ,the city's material and
social advancement will be Reported.
Special Staff
of Writers
More than SO prominent men of
Oregon and Washington will write
articles for the Annual. Every sub
ject will be handled by a con
tributor who is particularly - well
qualified to write on that topic. The
Annual will also contmn the usual
reliable and complete statistical re-,
view of the year.
Order the Amnml Now
The Oregonian circulation depart
nient is receiving orde'jrs for this
special edition. The .price is 3
cents. Postage in the United Staler
and possessions, Canada and Mex
ico, 5 cents; to all otherl countries,
10 cent. I
- V