Morning Oregonian., November 04, 1913, Page 8, Image 8

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I"ORTLA"l, TTESDAT, NOV. 4, 1913.
THE HAND OF CKEED.
A few flays ago a construction fore
man whlla directing' the operation of
a. swinging derrick on a building in
Portland looked another way for an
instant, was struck by the suspended
beam and hurled to his death. A
widow and two small children survive
him.
Under the circumstances of the ac
cident as related in the newspapers
this widow has little or no chance of
recovering damages from the con
tractor or owner of the building. Had
the workmen's compensation act not
been held up by referendum she
would automatically receive $100 for
funeral expenses and $42 per month
until her children reach the age of 16
years and $30 per month thereafter
until her death or remarriage.
The sum of $42 per month does not
seem large; yet it represents 5 per
cent Interest on a capital of $10,800
or S per cent interest on a capital of
$6300.
In other words, assuming that this
widow could get a verdict in court
for damages, that verdict would have
to net $10,000 to assure a woman who
is not familiar with business opera
tions or investments an Income of $42
per month. To net her $10,000 the
gross verdict would have to be from
$15,000 to $20,000 in order that law
yer's fees and court costs might be
paid. Moreover, this relief would be
postponed several years awaiting the
slow movement of the courts.
Such a verdict would be unusual,
particularly in view of the fact that
did the widow have a cause of action
the contributory negligence of her
husband would be taken into consid
eration in fixing the amount of dam
ages. Yet, unless there were ele
ments In the accident not now appar
ent she would get nothing.
The foregoing Is an illustration of
the superiority of compensation over
the existing liability law and it is
based on actual facts and a recent
occurrence. The compensation law
offers positive and speedy relief to
dependents. The liability law offers
a lawsuit with all its aggravations
and uncertainties.
The case of the building foreman
is not the only illustration pertinent
to compensation that may be gleaned
from the news of the past week. Yes
terday a youth, employed as team
ster by a contractor, attempted to
repair a 6table light and was killed
by short-circuiting the electric cur
rent. From press accounts it ap
pears that this youth of 18 was killed
in the course of his employment. TJn
iler the operations of the liability law
liis mother, with whom he lived, can
recover nothing in a suit for dam
ages. Under the terms of the com
pensation law she would receive $25
per month until the time at "which the
son would have arrived at the ago
of 21 years, and thereafter, provided
she had been dependent on his sup
port, she would receive a sum per
month equivalent to 60 per cent of the
actual amount he had contributed to
her support per month for one year
prior to the date of the accident.
These two women and these two
little children are paying tho price
of the referendum called In the in
terests of casualty insurance com.
p fuller and ambulance-chasing law
yers. How many others have been
deprived of comforts, perhaps neces
sities, since June 3, when the act
should have gone Into effect, God only
knows. Greed of gold by those who
have ample doubtless takes in other
ways toll from the widows, the or
phans and dependent parents, yet It
rarely stalks forth so boldly, so re
pellently as It hag In this instance.
TVOM3EN IX WAK.
No person who Is acquainted with
the common facts of history will be
surprised to read that the Mexican
women are fighting actively in the
present trouble. The notion that
women "cannot fight" has nothing
whatever to support It except a few
watery novels. In early Victorian lit
erature the ideal woman was a weak,
Blmpering creature, who fainted on
every possible occasion and who, when
she could not faint. Invariably dis
solved In tears. She never ate any
thing, played beautifully on the harp
end always dressed In white with a
pale pink ribbon around her Imper
ceptible neck.
This lovely nymph has fortunately
faded out of literature, but she still
persists In tho popular Imagination as
the divine ideal of woman. The real
women who have lived and acted their
parts In the world have usually been
able to fight about as well as men,
though they have refrained from do
ing so until they were driven to ex
tremes. Even In our Civil War. the
women took a rather conspicuous
part. At New Orleans and elsewhere
they made no little trouble for the
Federal troops, though It must be con
fessed that they often fell back upon
their sex for protection when punish
ment threatened.
History- Is full of instances where
women took part in battles and sieges
and played their parts right valiantly.
At the siege of Carthage they cut off
their long hair to make bowstrings
and helped defend the city from the
Romans by carrying missiles to their
husbands on the walls. At the siege
of Jerusalem the women fought side
by side with the men and showed fully
as much courage. As for strength,
everybody knows that while a woman
Is not as robust muscularly as a man
of the same weight sho has a great
deal more nervous energy, which la
the thing most needed on the bat
tlefield. Our German ancestresses always
went to war with their husbands. They
did not go into battle on ordinary oc
casions but they stayed near enough
to tho front to encourage the men by
their shouts. Of course they were
prepared to aid the wounded and dis
pose of the dead. The belief that
women are useless in war must go
the way or many another baseless fic
tlon.
STATE PAYS BOND INTEREST.
The proposed Interstate bridge over
the Columbia is both, a state and a
county enterprise. The manner In
which the State of Oregon will sup
port financially Multnomah County in
construction and maintenance of the
bridge i.s shown by section 3 of the
bridge act, passed by the Oregon Leg
islature -.it the session of 1013:
Whenever any county in this state shall
provide for the issuance of bonds for the
construction or any bridge, bridge ap
proach or viaduct to be constructed to
and (or) over the boundary line of the
state, or to and (or) over any stream,
river or b:ly of water constituting such
boundary line, such county shall be en
titled to deiiuet from the amount of the
taxes that such county is required by law
annually to collect and pay over to the state
under sections 843, 3644, 3045 and 364B of
Lord's Oreson Laws, the amount of the an
nual interest accruing upon such bonds
each year thereafter during the life of such
bonds.
Thus it will be seen that while
Multnomah assumes and will pay the
principal of the bonds and will also
nominally pay the interest, the state
reimburses the county annually In
the full amount of the interest.
The bridge bonds are to be for
$1,250,000. The interest charge at
5 per cent will be $62,500 annually.
The state thus will pay through re
bate of taxes $62,500 annually to
Multnomah County on account of the
interstate bridge.
In any calculation of the cost of the
bridge the obligation upon the state
ought to be considered.
SOCIKTY'8 RIGHT TO PROTECT ITSiiLF.'
The Oregonian has from Eugene an
argument against any kind of preven
tive measure for the protection of
society against the Individual pos
sessed of an Irresistible or provocative
criminal Impulse. In other words,
society must wait until the homicide
has been committed; or the public
peace disturbed; or a peaceful fire
side violated; or some one's property
is destroyed before it can act- If
that is so, society invades personal
rights in an unwarrantable manner
when It deprives an insane or degen
erate person of his liberty unless he
shall first have committed a specific
overt act. On that basis the doors
of the asylums must be thrown open
and half the Inmates turned loose.
But if it be admitted that the state
has a right to incarcerate the insane,
feeble-minded and congenitally crim
inal for their care and for its own
protection. It must be admitted fur
ther that society has the right also
to look after Its own wholesome se
curity and healthful perpetuation by
preventing the increase of the crim
inal classes, just as it has an un
doubted right to prevent the spread of
disease by seeking' out its source with
remedies of Isolation or extermina
tion. No one thinks of objecting when
vigorous surgical remedies are ap
plied to animals to guard against
deterioration of breeds, or Indiscrim
inate and general propagation, 'or for
other sufficient reasons. Yet an out
cry is raised when it Is suggested that
a simple and effective remedy of pre
vention through a surgical opera
tion far less drastic than is inflicted
upon animals be adopted for the
benefit of the human race.
"TITREATEX1XG" MEXICO.
REDMOND, Or., Nov. 2. (To the Editor.)
The Oregonian. while being on the whole
eminently fair to President Wlleon, has
roundly criticised his "spineless diplomacy"
in regard to Mexico. It has, however, ad
vocated no definite policy of Its own. It pro
fesses no desire for intervention, but seems
to think that a threat of Intervention would
have restored order in that country. Will
you kindly tell us at Just what time within
the last three years ynu think this threat
should have been made? Will you also kind
ly enlighten us as to the proper course to
be pursued at present? J AS. BAKhR.
In the language of diplomacy
there Is no such word as threat. But
let it go. The "threat" ought to have
been made, if made at all, at the time
the United States decided to interfere
in Mexican affairs. John Lind was
sent to Mexico with credentials that
embodied a distinct disavowal of any
policy of coercion by the United
States, but with Instructions to em
ploy only moral suasion. From that
time forward the attitude of Huerta
was one of defiance and resentment
and of ill-concealed contempt. It
was made clear to Huerta that he
could pursue his desperate tactics of
tyranny and usurpation to the ulti
mate, whatever it might be, without
actual physical molestation by the
United States. Huerta has governed
himself accordingly. '
Tho Oregonian thinks, and has said,
that if we were to undertake to tell
Mexico what to do, Mexico ought to
be made to do It. Either that, or let
Mexico alone. The Oregonian repeats
that in its Judgment, if Roosevelt had
been President, there would have been
peace in Mexico and Huerta would not
now be President; but there would
be a constitutional ruler, or what
passes in Mexico for a constitutional
ruler.
EXTEND LABOR CONCTX1ATIOX.
If the United States and each of
the states had a labor arbitration and
conciliation law similar to that of
Canada, the riotous scenes witnessed
in the copper mining region of Michi
gan, the coal mining district of Colo
rado and the streets of Indianapolis
might, and most probably would, have
been avoided. Under that law strikes
are forbidden until a board of con
ciliation has held an inquiry. The
board almost Invariably convinces one
party to the dispute that its conten
tion is unjust, or arranges a compro
mise by which each party makes con
cessions and the strike is averted. In
only a few Instances have the findings
of the board been rejected and a
strike inaugurated.
The Newlands law for amicable set
tlement of disputes between railroads
and their employes follows closely the
lines of the Canadian law. Slight
change would make it applicable to
Industrial disputes extending to more
than one state. "With few verbal
changes it could be adopted by each
state and applied to purely Intrastate
disputes.
A great merit of this law is tho ab
sence of compulsory features except
the requirement that the disputants
come together and state their case to'
the conciliators before a strike is be
gun. If then the findings are unac
ceptable to one party, the employers
are free to lock out or the employes
to strike, but the findings are given
the widest publicity. The weight of
publlo opinion is thus brought to bear
against the party which rejects a fair
settlement. Knowledge that they
must face this open court has proved
in Canada to bend the stubborn and
to prevent many a strike.
The Newlands law thus extended
would cut the ground from, under the
feet of the Industrial "Workers of the
World in its work of stirring up cause
less strikes. An impartial, searching
inquiry by a conciliation board would
clear the way for removing all just
cause of complaint on the part of em
ployes and would expose the I. "W. W.
In their true light as mere trouble
makers. It would put out of business
those labor leaders who fatten their
purses by provoking causeless strikes
for blackmail purposes and would
help to put all labor unions under
the management of men who do real
service to workmen. It would destroy
the business of the dynamiter and give
us as close an approach to industrial
peace as we can attain in this world.
TODAY'S ELECTIONS.
Most Interesting and most important
of the elections to be held today Is
that in Massachusetts. There is a
four-cornered fight for the Governor
ship, in which the wires are crossed
in every direction, but the one out
standing fact is . the candidacy of
Charles Sumner Bird, Progressive,
which makes the contest a test of the
ability of the new party to hold Its
own in a fight with the old parties
wherein its National leader is not a
candidate.
Mr. Bird is generally conceded to
be stronger than his party, but It is
also conceded that his party would
gain strength by his success and
would be entitled to credit for his
election. He has the advantage of
being a pioneer Progressive, of hav
ing, as an employer, put in practice
those principles of social and indus
trial Justice for which his party stands
and of having done so long before
those principles were injected into
politics. Attacks on his record as an
employer have brought forth a writ
ten endorsement from 550 of his em
ployes and have proved something of
a boomerang. His independence and
his fidelity to principle rather than
party are shown by his refusal to sup
port Mk Chandler, a Progressive can
didate for the Legislature, because the
latter received advertising contracts
from the universally-condemned New
Haven Railroad. He has been making
a whirlwind speech-making campaign,
aided by Oscar S. Straus, ex-Senator
Beveridge and Governor Johnson, of
California, He has been twitted about
his silence on recall of judges and Ju
dicial decisions, for which Mr. John
son is the chief sponsor and which
are unpopular in Massachusetts.
The Republican candidate is Rep
resentative Augustus P. Gardner, the
progressive son-in-law .of the Con
servative Senator Lodge. He is the
champion of the new Republicanism
and, when the state platform conven
tion refused to adopt the progressive
planks he advocated, he put them in
his platform anyhow and spoke for
them on the stump. The genuineness
of his progressivism having been ques
tioned, it has been vouched for by
Representative Nelson, Senator La
Follette's right-hand man, who styles
him a pioneer in the fight on Can
nonism, and by Senators Borah, Cum
mins and Norris, who have taken the
stump for him. He is making his
fight, like Mr. Bird, mainly on state
issues relating to railroads, labor and
immigration, and is trying to show
himself a better Progressive than Mr.
Bird.
David I. Walsh, the Democratic
candidate, is backed by the party or
ganization, which his rivals disparage
by terming it "the machine" and "the
ring," and puts National issues in
front, calling upon the voters to
strengthen President Wilson by elect
ing him.
After having been elected to Con
gress first as a Republican, then as
a Democrat and after having been
thrice elected Governor as a Demo
crat. Governor Eugene N. Foss flirted
with the Republicans for a while and
finally seeks re-election as an Inde
pendent. He insists on putting state
issues first and has issued 600,000
copies or a pamphlet defining those
issues and asking re-election that he
may continue the work he has begun
as Governor.
Those who are on the ground have
despaired of guessing the outcome.
Mr. Bird is stronger than his party
and accuses both Republicans and
Democrats of striving to defeat him
rather than each other. Had the Re
publicans nominated a reactionary,
Mr. Bird might have drawn heavily
on the progressive element among
them. Mr. Gardner's hopes depend
on his ability to win back votes from
the Progressive party, but it is doubt
ful whether he can do much in this
respect against a man so strong as
Mr. Bird. His personal platform is
not pleasing to the old-line Republi
cans, many of whom may stay at
home and thus offset any gain he may
make from the Bull Moose. Mr. Foss
has a considerable personal following
and is an aggressive fighter. The re
sult may depend on the question
whence he will draw the bulk of his
votes. He has been building up Demo
cratic support, but Democrats expect
that his attacks on the Underwood
tariff and his declarations of protec
tionism will turn away members of
their party from him and that he
will simply weaken Mr. Bird and Mr.
Gardner. He professes to stand for
practically the same things as those
two gentlemen and has modestly
asked them to withdraw and let him
fight it out with Mr. Walsh. The
struggle is not only for election but
for second place, for if either Re
publicans or Democrats should drop
to third place with Progressives in
first place, they would lose represen
tation on state boards and among
election officials.
The New Jersey contest for Gover
nor ranks next in importance to that
in Massachusetts, because that Is Pres
ident Wilson's state and the Demo
cratic candidate Is Governor Fielder,
who succeeded him and continues his
policy. The Progressive candidate,
Everett Colby, was a pioneer In the
revolt against thev Republican ma
chine and stood with Mr. Wilson for
progressive measures when he was in
the State Senate. But the Republican
candidate, Edward C. Stokes, proved
his progressiveness last year by sup
porting Colonel Roosevelt for Presi
dent and now seeks to lead the way
to party reunion. He may find so
many imitators that ' Mr. Colby's
chances will be materially weakened.
Maryland Is having a warm fight
for United States Senator, the first
under the direct election amendment.
Blair Lee, the Democrat, is supported
by the party organization and appeals
for united party support that he may
hold up the hands of President Wil
son. These appeals are addressed to
those Democrats who habitually "buck
the machine." But the liquor issue
has been dragged into the campaign
by men who accuse Mr. Lee of having
opposed local option In the Legisla
ture, while the Republicans, whose
candidate is Th'omas Parran, sup
ported that measure. Secretary, Bryan
has spoken in Mr. Lee's behalf on Na
tional . Issues, but the local optlonlsta
hav embarrassed him, bjr quoting
from his Nebraska speeches pleas to
the voters to put the liquor issue
above alL others as a moral issue.
The situation in New York has been
pretty fully discussed. The odds are
decidedly against Tammany and in
favor of the Fusion ticket in New
York City. The Republicans have a
good prospect of gaining control of
the Assembly and have a bare chance
of securing a majority In the Senate,
but the. outcome hinges to some ex
tent on the proportion of Progressives
who return to their former allegiance.
The statement of Chairman Clark,
of the Interstate Commerce Commis
sion, that Ideal transportation condi
tions cannot be obtained without an
Increase in rates, shows that the time
may be near when the pleas of the
railroads will be granted. Of equal
importance with reasonable rates is
good, prompt service and extension of
lines as the country -develops. These
desiderata cannot be obtained unless
the railroads earn enough to pay fair
interest on their cost, plus a margin
for maintenance and betterments, and
their ability to borrow large sums at
reasonable rates for long time, to be
used in terminal improvements, exten
sions and double-tracking depends on
their earning power. If railroads can
not keep their property up to a high
standard for lack of money, the ship
per pays in poor" service, which prob
ably causes more loss to him than a
moderate advance in rates would cost.
Since the law forbids women to
wear aigrettes plucke4 from birds, two
courses are open to them. They may
defy the law or they may use a sub
stitute. The first course is safe only
for the rich and great, some of whom,
if we may believe the papers, are fol
lowing it. The second has been made
practicable by a Chicago philanthro
pist, who manufactures lovely aig
rettes from horsehair. Of course no
woman dreams of ignoring tho fash'
ion. Better death that that. ,
with a wagon bridge at Vancouver
a large area of productive country
will become tributary to Portland. The
valleys of the Lewis and Cowlitz Riv
ers would naturally ship their produce
to this city and the farmers would
trade here If it were not for the river
barrier. The Columbia bridge with a
public market would very quickly
cause a drop In the cost of living,
since hundreds of farmers could drive
in dally with truck and dispose of it
directly to consumers.
Payment of fines by installments,
which has gained vogue In this coun
try, is now recommended In England
by Reginald McKenna, the Home Sec
retary. This plan helps to put the
man without money on an equal foot
ing with the man who has money and
prevents men from being made jail
birds for petty offenses, simply be
cause they are poor. The county
saves the cost of maintaining the
prisoner and his family is not de
prived of support.
The efforts now making to organize
a branch of the National Dramatic
League in Portland deserve encour
agement. The worthy purpose of the
league is to improve the stage by help
ing make good plays profitable. It is
the system of the Consumers' League
applied to tho theater. In the natural
course of Its work the league orga
nizes study clubs and reading circles.
It will do great good wherever it ex
tends. Philadelphia, like Baltimore, has
met with success in doing away with
financial middlemen. It undertook to
sell direct an issue of $2,200,000 of 4
per cent bonds at par and on the
first day sold over the counter bonds
to a total of $898,400. Most of the
sales were of $100 to $1000, though
blocks of $200,000, $100,000, $SO,000
and $50,000 were taken.
There have been "quiet" weddings
and "pretty" weddings and all man
ner of weddings along the gamut of
tho resourceful adjectives, but that
yesterday beside the grave of Ralph
Waldo Emerson In Sleepy Hollow
Cemetery is near the limit In connu
bial endeavor.
A man whose sensibilities were hurt
when he registered a "kick" with
Pullman people In Seattle has re
course to the law to supply the balm.
It was not a case In which a porter
was concerned. "Gawge" is too clever
to offend.
The goosebone prophets in the East
are predicting a hard Winter. One
of them bases his forecast on the
leaves that stay on the trees. If that
worked out here we would be in con
tinuous cold storage.
Moving pictures have been Installed
by a local church. Got to meet com
petition in order to draw crowds
these unregenerate days.
The Administration is grimly de
termined to get Huerta out. But that
will do little In the way of solving the
Mexican problem.
The Kaiser has spent a fortune to
buy a big newspaper, the functions of
which hereafter, no doubt, will be to
hoch der Kaiser.
According to the Washington official
forecast we shall have clear skies, rain
or snow this we"ek- Wonderful!
With the off-year election cam
paigns over, the Cabinet will now
drift back on the Job.
Work on Upton's Shamrock IV be
gan yesterday. There is luck in a
foui--leaf shamrock.
A Philadelphia couple will wed "un
sight and unseen." Did you ever trade
knives that way?
Hard Winter Is certain, say the
weather prophets. It's an annual
prophecy.
Now then, all together! Let's have
done with those referendum sharpers.
Does education or the narrow agi
tator get the hook by your vote today?
The report that a big fuel firm, is
bankrupt seems hard to believe.
Guess there isn't much doubt left
about that bridge, eh?
Mark it "Yes" down the line.
Vote for Oregon's good.
Summer hates to let go.
Vote early.
Vote right.
Yot ye.
DOES PROHIBITION NOT PROHIBIT!
Arrnmrnt Mads That Anti-Saloon Laws
Are as Effective as Others.
PORTLAND, Nov. 3. (To the Edi
tor.) In reply to Mrs. Dunlway's
letter to the women of The Dalles
recently published in The Oregonian,
wherein Mrs. Duniway requested the
women of The Dalles, "not to vote for
prohibition as it did not prohibit":
What right has a woman who does not
travel over the country in both "wet"
and "dry" territory nor see conditions
where the saloon exists nor see the
glorious result where the saloon has
been wiped out by the vote of the
good, sensible. Christian people In that
community, to make the statement that
"prohibition does not prohibit"?
If Mrs. Duniway will name one law
on the statutes of Oregon that does
prohibit absolutely in the same sense
of the word that she requires of prohi
bition then I will hereafter vote for
the saloon.
We have many strict game laws, yet
everyone is purposely broken almost
every day. I have known of two men
who went out and killed 35 deer (one
man is only allowed three) and they
listed, three deer to a man. by picking
up men for that purpose, to evade the
law. They violate every game law in
some way or other. .
Do all the automobile ordinances
prohibit? Just go up to the Police
Lourt any morning and see for your
self.
There is a law against murder, yet
two women in California killed, their
nustrands last week.
Almost every day in New York wo
men smuggle their Jewels and finery
into this country to avoid paying duty.
We have proof that the pure food
jaw is violated every lay In the year.
But every once In a while a man Is
caught. But in the name of reason
who is there in the United States who
wants the pure food law done away
with "because It does not prohibit"?
Police records show that there are
more "Mind pigs' in a saloon town
than when that town is "dry." With
over 7200 saloons in the City of Chi
cago the police recently claimed that
they had reason to believe that there
were over 3000 "blind pigs" in exist
ence at that time, and that most of
mem were in apartment-houses. In
Jsan Francisco almost every week a
blind pig" Is raided, and San Fran
cisco nas over suoo saloons. In a
saloon town they have the two evils
to combat with, the saloon and the
"bin-id pig," and the two are far too
much for any police force of any size
to watch and regulate, while in a
dry town the police have but one,
the "blind pig." Is it not reasonable
to believe that they can cope with
the situation much better and that
necessarily the "blind pigs" would be
lar rewer In a "dry" town than in i
town full of law-breaking saloons.
I travel 25,000 miles every year
nave been traveling for 15 years. I
have been in every state in the Union
and In every city of any size with
the exception of Duluth and Albany,
in. i. i conid name town after town
from Portland, Me., to Pasadena, Cal.,
where prohibition has been a big suc
cess and proven itself in every sense
of the word as much as any . law
prohibits. In Riverside, Cal., in ten
years I nave been going there I have
never once seen a drunken man. In
Hood River, Or- I was told last year
that when the town had four saloons
they had as high as 35 men in the Jail
in one month. The day I was there
the Jail was empty, and I was told
that they never have over from three
to five men a month. The hotelkeeper
there stands for a "dry" town. The
bankers informed me that their savings
accounts had increased with a- "drv'
town. They built a fine new school
house and paved the streets after the
town went "dry." Is Mrs. Duniway
against fine new schoolhouses, bank ac
counts, empty jails and paved streets?
All the Improvements in Cottage Grove,
Eugene and many other "dry" towns
were an made alter they went dry.'
On October 12, this year, the police
records in San Francisco show that
exactly 30 men were arrested on the
street (alone) for being intoxicated.
We spend $1,500,000,000 for alcoholic
drinks every year In the United States.
And statistics prove that we spend that
much more every year for Judges.
police, jails, poorhouses and Insane
asylums to take care of the men and
women as a result of strong drink. Just
Btop and think for one moment what
we could do with that vast (over $3.-
000,000,000) amount of money In taking
care or and educating the poor, cleaning
up and beautifying our big cities, build
the great Lincoln "highway and do many
other great good things for the benefit
of the people.
Vote against the saloon, put it out
or existence and the police will take
care of the 'blind pigs" and in time
there will be so few of them that
drinking and drunkenness will rarely
be seen even In a bis city I say in
time, and under prohibition not very
Jong either. C. W. DARBY.
Information as to Unl-v-ersity.
PORTLAND, Nov. 8. (To the Editor.)
Kindly give me information on one
or two points concerning the State Uni
versity, for whose benefit or otherwise
we are about to vote.
I have heard repeatedly that the law
and medical courses connected with
this Institution are taken in Portland.
Is that so? Also that the fees for these
courses come very high. If that is so,
why are we led to suppose that tuition
is free in this university?
About what is the student enrollment
at Eugene? And what about Is the ex
pense per capita? MRS. H. M.
The college of medicine and the col-a
xege or law or ma university or Ore
gon are situated in Portland because
of the superior library advantages and
the better opportunities offered for
practical experience in these lines in
connection with tho course of study. In
both of these schools tuition fees are
charged. In the law it is $60 for the
first year and $75 for the other two
years. In tho school of medicine It is
$130 each for the first two years, $100
for the third and $50 for the fourth,
besides examination fees.
In the colleges of letters, engineer
ing and other departments at Eugene
the tuition is free. The appropriation
on which the referendum has been in
voked is to provide for buildings at
Eugene.
The student enrollment at Eugene is
about 750 in the general courses and a
trifle more than 100 In the college of
music The school 'at Eugene also sup
plies correspondence courses through
out tho state, and including those In
the correspondence and extension
courses the whole registration that is
served from Eugene amounts to some
thing near 1800.
The cost per student to the state for
the year closing July 1. 1913, was $192,
and the average for five years has been
J1S8. The cost at the University of
Washington has been $218, Kansas Uni
versity $213. Iowa University $281,
Michigan University $243.
S wring to the Void.
Edwin Marknam In Kautllus.
Once, suddenly, 1 found myself alone.
Out in the void of a great city, filled
With tremblings and the cry of many fears.
Malting escape out of the human deep,
1 climbed heart-troubled to the leafy hills;
And stretching on a bank above a stream,
I gazed up to the dome of the high boughs.
And wondered over life and life's alarms.
And as I lay there asking for a sign,
I saw a spider flash his filmy ropes
Across the dome; saw him, with rapturous
fall.
Drop on a silver cable to the void. '
And hang serenely In the rosy beams
Of sunset hang all still and unafraid.
And lo. a courage came uoon mv !
With lone lone thoughts of this adven
turwr.
This little dweller In the floorless air.
Held in the peace that hoi earth and
stars,
CONSUMERS WILL HAVE TO PAY
Correspondent Believes Income Tax
Will Xot Kail on Rich.
PORTLAND, Nov. 3 (To the Editor.)
It should not escape notice in early
comments on the new income tax that
in the realm of credits this tax will
bo borne chiefly by borrowers of money
thus adding to burdens of those who
pay interest
Capitalists have long foreseen, in
many cases, the enactment of this tax,
and have required borrowers to pay it,
so as to render Interest net. Such con
tracts are beyond the power of Con
gress to make void or ineffective that
is, in past transactions. As to future
contracts, the new law forbids agree
ments of this kind. However, those
who own and control capital will in
demnify themselves either In higher
Interest rates or in commissions."
From now on persons who borrow
funds with which to carry on business
or to buy a home will be required to
bear more or less or all of the income
tax. It will be the old story of com
pelling the "consumer" to "pay."
This new tax will impose a consider
able new burden on railroads. Most
railroad bonds guarantee their holders
their interest revenue net, and the rail
roads in such bonds agree to pay all
taxes thereon, including that on the
interest accruing therefrom. Now, since
the new tariff law requires collection
of the tax on such bonds at the source
of the income from the railroads this
obliges the railroads to pay it to the
Government, and since the railroads
have agreed with their bondholders to
render certain interest payments with
out any deductions wnatever, the re
sult is to be an additional load on the
already overburdened railroads.
The following quotation from the
New York Financial Chronicle (October
25. 1913) shows the liability of rail
roads for the income tax on interest
revenue of bondholders:
We have examined at random tho mort
f,aKe" oC dozen different railroads and
llnd tnat the bonds in all cases contain
a stipulation reading something like the
following, which Is the language found on
the bond In the case of the Northern Pa
cific Railway prior lien 4 per cent bonds
due January 1 19B7: "Both the principal
and. Interest of this bond are payable with
out deduction for any tax or taxes of the
Ijilted States, or any state or municipality
thereof, which the railway company may
be required to pay or retain therefrom un
der any present or future law." The lan
Kuaso.. varies slightly In other eases, but
the effect Is the same. In the case of the
Atchison general mortgage 4s due In 10U5
the provision is that the company must
assume any tax It may be required to pay
under any present or future law of the
United States "or any state or territory
thereof," while In the case of the Central
Pacific first refunding 4s due liH'J the lan
guage says any present or future law of
uuiieu ctaien or or any state or county
or municipality therein."
All this goes to show that taxes im
posed on capital Increase the price
which must be paid for the use of capi
tal. The tax on mortgages in Oregon
in 1S82-93 was paid not by those who
owned or controlled capitaj. but by bor
rowers. Andrew Carnegie will not pay
the 1 per cent normal tax on the In
terest accruing to him from his bonds
of the steel trust, because foxy Andrew
saw to it long ago that the steel trust
should now pay. Just as the railroads
will now have to do.
How will borrowers of money in Ore
gon like to pay the income tax which
Congress in its wisdom thought it was
imposing on the "rich?" How will the
people of Oregon like to pay higher
rates to the railroads so that the rail
roads shall be able to meet this addi
tional tax? On large part of the vast
bonded debt of the railroads of the
United States the Government is about
to levy 1 per cent tax, payable by the
railroads.
CROWDING IS AMOKO UNEDUCATED
Riches May Fly, but Knowledge Is
Iteady Resource.
PORTLAND. Nov. 3. (To the Ed-
If nr. T .11.,' . .
uiiucuit to remain silent
when so Important a subject as the
University of Oregon and the referen
dum is at Issue. To cripple our great
institution Of IdTTnlr. er V. . . . . I
- ...... . I ' L 1 1 1 1 UL1
its means of existence is nothing short
i uKiuc. jnb need or nigher educa
tion is apparent. ' The cry of the age
is specialization. The world is over
crowded with workers of no special
fitting. To reach the top round in the
lnHHA .. . . - . .
. Dui.i.-cBa, euucatlOQ must D
made the great foundation. Withou
education people are likely to becom
mental and moral cripples a menac
to society. Education Is a heritage
w.i tan never oe lost. It matters no
throusrn what- vlplo.u,,.. 1.- . i,
may pass, it still clings, to comfort and
"'","'"' i"tuca may iiy out educatlo
ever mrnaina
I wish to quote from one of our
rvim.iiLui m who nas given the
subject much thought.
The pedagogical advance In recent years
has been directed primarily toward better
teaching. There has been great material
betterment, to be sure, but fine buildings
and Improved equipment are worth while
as a means of helping the teacher do more
inspiring work. Our environment and oc
cupation, quite as much as an Inherited
tendency or physical limitation, mold us Into
the shape wo take. All that our schools
?K"S ,can doJ". to off5r widest
range of choices and keen the doors, open
toward future needs.
To a thi3 we must keep our centers
-- - " iinanciai condi
tion. Educate our youth for greater
This matter should not be looked at
from a selfish lnrHcii..ni -
, ..T.icA v 10 w point.,
but what will benefit the majority of
. --'' ", wyes ana girts our citi
zens of tomorrow.
MRS. C. F. NICHOLS,
Ex - President of Woman's Auxiliary
North Portland Commercial Club.
BUTTER MARKET SOT IXFLrEXCED
Albany Creamery Association
Purely Co-Operatlve Enterprise.
Is
ALBANY, Or, Nov. 2. (To the Edi-tor-
I" an article on the butter
market in The Oregonian reference Is
made to a large creamery in Albany, as
being responsible for still further com.
Dlicatlng the butter market by paying
26 cents for butter fat.
As the Albany Creamery Associa
tion is the only large creamery In
Albany. It certainly means us.
The Albany Creamery Association Is
a co-operative creamery; its articles of
Incorporation and bylaws provide that
there shall be deducted from the gross
earnings: First, running expenses;
second, legal Interest on the capital
stock, the balance to be paid to the
patrons according to the amount of
butter fat they send in.
This surplus paid. 35 cents per pound
for butter fat for August and 86 cents
for September. What it will pay for
October Is not yet determined. We do
not buy butter fat, consequently do not
know what the price will be until we
settle the month's business. We have
not authorized anyone to make any
contract for butter fat at any fixed
price: we manufacture the cream sent
in and pay for It in accordance with
tne rules or tne association.
We do not buy outside butter, there,
fore we have nothing to do with the
fixing of the market price of butter.
J-t by careful management we are
able to have a surplus which pays 36
cents for butter fat, then according to
the rules of the association we must
pay 36 cents to the patrons. We fail
to see where we are in any way re
sponsible for the market conditions
ALBANY CREAMERY ASSOCIATION.
C. L Shaw, president.
Worta of Her Money.
Judge.
Hexler Why didn't Randall's wife
let him put up their screens last Sum
mer? Long She had bought a lot of fly
paper at a bargain and wanted to get
the worth of her money.
At Least One.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
"Everyone has some secret sorrow,"
says a philosophizing friend. "Even
tbs fattest and Jolllest of us has a
skeleton, In his midst."
Twenty-five Years Ago
From The Oregonian of Nov. 4. 1SSS.
New York, Oct. 3. A gigantic Re
publican parade marched through tho
city today. At least 50,000 men partic
ipated. The Democratic parade tonight
wus estimated at 50,000 to 75,000.
At 9 o'clock Friday morning the Co
loma crossed the bar bound for Hono
lulu and China. She had on board Mrs.
J. V. Creihton and daughter and Mr.
Creiff-hton's mother. T. t-Zn,,
George Strowbridge. Ashley Van tine,'
'i ... .
xi. crown ana c xi. Lombard.
Captain Coffee, of Company I.. O.
N. G., woif the gold medal cane offered
to the most popular militia Captain
at the ladles' bazaar for th"e benefit
of the cathedral.
Spokane Falls, Nov. 3. An excur
sion tyas run over the completed por
tion of the Seattle. Lake Shore & East
ern line today under the guidance of
Superintendent Theodore Reed and
Chief Engineer Paul Mohr.
Olympia, Nov. 3. The annual report
of the territorial superintendent of
public instruction shows: Number of
children enrolled In public schools.
36,673; private schools. 3445; not at
tending school, 13.002; number of school
age, number in territory under 21 years
83,679.
Zanzibar, Nov, 3. Couriers from Ta
bara bring direct news from the Stan
ley expedition, a portion of which was
met at the end of November, 1887, by
Arabs.
The Democratic party wound up the
National campaign In Portland with a
big rally at the Tabernacle last night.
Colonel W. H. Effinger presided and
speeches were mado by ex-Governor
Grover, Governor Pennoyer and Fred
V. Holman.
Yesterday Eugene L. Wetherell and
Charles H. Pratt, manager of the Emma
Abbott Opera Company, paid to C. H.
Lewis $S5.000 cash for 100 feet square
at the corner of Morrison and Seventh
streets. Miss Emma Abbott, the wife
of Mr. Wetherell, has offered John R.
Foster $30,000 cash for the 100 feet
adjoining, corner of Yamhill and Sev
enth streets. If Mr. Foster accepts,
the parties intend erecting an opera
house and store.
Half a Century Ago
(From The Oregonian of Nov. 4 1SC3 )
BOSTON, Oct. 27. A Morris Island
letter to the Herald says: Two desert,
ers from Charleston give glowing ao-"
counts of affairs at Charleston and Sa
vannah. In the latter city the poor are
starving. We are assured that the
Charleston city government is anxious
to surrender, but Beauregard and the
military will not allow it and say they
will burn the city first.
Henry Ward Beecher made a forcible
speech at Liverpool October 16 on
American affairs before a densely
crowded audience without the antici
pated riot.
Army of the Potomac Oct. 27. The '
guerrillas are exceedingly bold, their
operations extending in every direction.
It Is even unsafe for our men to ven
ture outside of camp.
New York. Oct. 28. A dispatch to the
World says It is asserted on high au
thority that the removal of General
Meade has been determined on and will
take place as soon as the Government
can settle on a proper successor.
The steamer Pacific, Captain A. M.
Burns, arrived In the river last nisrht
from San Francisco via Coos Bay.
whither she was obliged to repair for
coal.
The schooner TCllen. Captain O. H.
Spencer, arrived from below last even
ing in tow of the steamer Cowlitz. h
is a brand new and snug little craft,
built at Tillamook by Messrs. Quick
and Thomas, with a carrying capacity
of at least 50 tons.
Bark Julia Cobb This vessel, which,
owing to her great draught of water
and the present low stage of the river,
did not come up the Willamette on Sat
urday night, has been discharging a
lot of stoves Into the Julia and will
probably come up In tow of the steamer
John H. Couch this evening.
A rather dangerous obstruction to pe
destrians was left on the sidewalk of
Washington street between First and
Second streets last night in the shape
of half a cord of Jagged wood.
' Cheaper Land la Keel.
PORTLAND, Nov. S. (To the Edi
tor.) I have seen in your paper the
great prosperity of our country, espe
cially the Northwest, noticing there Is
over $74,000,000 hoarded up in the
banks of Portland. 1 also saw that
we have hundreds of thousands of
acres of land awaiting cultivation ami
making of homes for ,tens of thou
sands of 6turdy Scandinavians and
Germans who are now coining to this
part of the country. The question
arises, how can unproductive capital,
hoarded up in the banks, be brought
In touch with the land, and give those
willing to go out upon the land a
chance to make a home.
It seems like the land should be put
on the market at very reasonable
prices; that a man could borrow the
money at a very low interest and
long terms and thereby make tho
money and the land both productive,
lower the cost of living, and make
happy homes for the many thousands.
I am receiving correspondence from dif
ferent parts of the country In regard
to the Northwest, and feel assured that
If we can make the right conditions,
this Northwest country will be popu
lated with the best class of people,
and the wilderness will blossom as a
roj. JOHN 0"ALL,
Minister Swedish M. E. Church.
Mrs. Blank's
St
unnin?
New Gown
Mrs. Blank's husband's salary is
no more than the salary of many
of her friends' husbands. But you
wouldn't think so unless perchance
you knew what a smart and capable
woman Mrs. Blank Is.
Her gowns look better because
she Isn't satisfied with the first cor
set she sees. She keeps posted on
the corset question. When she buys
one you may be sure It suits her
style of figure and that it has all of
the little quirks and improvements
a corset ought to have to set off her
gown to the best advantage.
"A corset," she says, "is the very
foundation of a gown and It must
be perfect or all Is spoiled."
Everything else that Mrs. Blank
buys, either for herself or her chil
dren or her household. Is bought In
the same careful. Intelligent man
ner. Consequently when you see
the Blanks or go to their home you
get the impression of superiority
and quality and orderliness.
Most any woman, who really
wishes to, can be a Mrs. Blank. The
first step Is to make friends with
The Oregonlan's advertising col
umns. They are Guide, Philosopher
and Friend to all who wish to learn.
Adv.
A