THE MORNING OREGONIAN, 'TUESDAY, OCTOBER 14. 1913.
8
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Enteral at Portland. Oras-on. PostoClce ai
second-class matter.
Subscription Rates Invariably In Advance.
nt: Cnrdit Included, one year $'?!?
Daily Sunday Included, six montlil. ...
Dally.' Sunday Included, three months. . 2.
Dally, bunoftj --
naiiv without Sunday, one year.,...., o-vv
Dally! without Sunday, ix montha..... J.
Daily, vunoui auntj, -
Dally, without Sunday, one month .w
Weekly, one year J-j
bunaay, one )enr -
cnlnv and m...klv All. TeBf. ........ . .OU
(BY CARRIER)
nii Sunday Included, one year $9.00
Dally. Sunday Included, one month '
Mow to HODll ena pwium " ' ',, -fitr
express order or peraonal eheck on your
. '. . i f -. ... ,, niirrpnev are at
KK':u nana. oLvuitra. " , , .
s-nders risk. Give postoflce addreas 11
...11 i i.. ..... ti n tt r a r j.
lull. iiii:iuuiiiB v....-,,
.. - w-1 1-2 to 1ft nazes. 1 cent, 19
to -i-i paiet. -J. centa; 84 to 4S pages. 3 cents;
50 to IW pa.es. 4 centa; 62 to paee. S
centa: 73 to 2 page, S cent. Foreign post
age, double rates.
Kastern Business OfflceVerree Conk
lln. New York, Brunswick huildlng. Chi
cago, Steger building.
San Francisco Office R. J. .Bldwell Co,
T4 Market at.
PORTLAND, TUESDAY, OCT. 14. 1818.
CO-OPERATION AXO PT.'BLIC MARKETS,
The question of betteringr the con
dition f fn farmers has Dassed from
.i. t nraftira In the State of
. . . V W . J w - "
Washington. The public market at
Seattle and the Puyallup and Sumner
r.niimi.'.n' Association have dem-
ntrateri nrettv conclusively that co
operative methods can be applied not
only with substantial prom tw me in
ducers, but also with excellent results
to the consumers. The Puyallup and
Sumner co-operative association owes
Its brilliant success mainly to the ef
forts of one man. Senator Paulhamus.
Be was broug-ht face to face with the
defects of the common system of
marketing- farm produce by the own
ership of a farm, which, like multi
tudes of others, was losing- money.
The question how to turn an annual
loss Into an annual profit was one that
be could not well evade under the
tondltions. He solved it by organizing
a co-operative marketing: association.
The basis of his effort was a farmers'
cannery which had fallen Into decay
and ruin through bad management.
It is bad management and not any in
herent defect in the scheme of co
operation which brings to naught hun.
dreds of farmers' associations.
For a year or two, beginning- with
1903. Mr. Paulhamus gave the asso
ciation his services without pay. When,
under his efficient direction, the asso
ciation had begun to bring In heavy
profits, he naturally received a salary.
It is a pity that each community in
Washington and Oregon cannot enjoy
the services of a man like Senator Paul
hamus, who understands what co-operation
means financially and who has
the executive ability to work itout
In practice. In the course of years
the society at Puyallup has evolved a
working plan which secures satisfac
tory returns to the farmers for their
fruit and other produce, employs the
young people of the community at
good wages and has raised the general
level of intelligence to a point where
the old plan of individual marketing
presents no attractions. This state
of things Is particularly encouraging
If one compares it with conditions In
1903, when the association first un
dertook its activities. The farmers
around Puyallup then, like thousands
and thousands of other farmers, la
bored for a bare subsistence. Their
produce was delivered to commission
men, who handled it without super
vision or check and paid what they
liked. Prices to the producer were
Immoderately low and to the consumer
Immoderately high. The middleman
helped himself at both ends with a
liberal hand. The price Of living went
up and the finances of the farmers
went down. The neighborhood of
Puyallup was like hundreds of other
neighborhoods, where the blight of ln
dividual marketing poisons and per
verts the lives of the producers. Com
pare this disheartening tale with
things as they are now.
The association has ample ware
houses, where the farmers' produce is
received, stored and shipped to mar
ket. A sufficient cooling plant pro
vides for the preservation of perish
able goods. The association has agents
actively at work in several states to
watch the conditions of the markets, so
that goods shall not be shipped to places
where there Is a glut and prices are
low. At the great receiving points, such
as Chicago, the association's agents are
present when the produce arrives and
they see to It that it is placed for sale
in the hands of reliable commission
men. The farmers fix their own
prices and If a change is necessary to
meet the market it is made by their
own agent and not by an irresponsible
middleman. Naturally the associa
tion handles only its members' goods,
but this is not a real drawback to Its
usefulness, since the admission fee is
only nominal, $1. An excellent by
law limits the number of shares which
any person can hold to fifteen.
Thus It will be seen that the asso
ciation Is as democratic as possible.
Its good to the community has been
Incalculable. From a discouraged,
poverty-stricken district, with no out
look on the future, Puyallup has be
come a neighborhood of prosperous
capitalists. Every farmer raises his
crop with the sure prospect of selling
It for a good price. No apples or po
tatoes are left to rot on the ground
because they cannot be disposed of.
No farmer falls Into despair because
be can see no "way out." The way
out is open to every industrious man.
Puyallup, under the guidance of Mr.
Paulhamus, has solved the problem of
prosperity for the farmer. Every
community in Washington and Oregon
might solve it in the same way if the
Intelligent citizens would apply them
selves diligently and exercise the faith
which moves mountains. The Puyallup
association has had its troubles, plenty
of them. It has not sailed all the way
on halcyon seas. But It has perse
vered. The members have stuck to
gether and now they are reaping a
noble reward.
The Seattle public market is a legit
imate development of the co-operative
movement. It is co-operation on the
part of the consumers through the
machinery of the city government. The
stalls are rented to farmers only. Each
day they are redistributed by lot, so
that there shall be no favoritism. Pro
ducers bring In their goods by team
from a distance of as much as twenty
five miles. All the stalls are occupied
and the market Is thronged with eager
purchasers. The popularity of the Se
attle public market completely refutes
the superstitious theory that the mod
ern consumer will only buy goods by
telephone and demands an expensive
delivery system. What the modern
consumer wants Is honest goods at fair
prices and he will take the necessary
trouble to get them if he has the op
portunity. In Seattle he has the op
portunity. The elimination of useless
dealers saves money both ways. The
consumer obtains better food at lower
for
has
any ground of complaint is the m
ild-
riioman whose lot. it must be con
tr. ,l,c.a h.Hni tn look trairic. The co
operative idea offers the only practical
solution for the financial problems of
the farmer on one hand and the city
consumer on the otner. .fc-very ;
ctnrtnt nf Its successful aDDUcatiOn
valuable, because it brings the time
nsinr firhon It will be set at work in
every rural community and In every
city, according to tneir respective
needs.
80RRY-FOR-YOU DIPLOMACY.
President Wilson Is moved by the
plight of the hundred Mexican Dep
uties who have been jailed by Huerta
to inform the Mexican government
that the "United States would look
with displeasure on any injury to the
Deputies under arrest."
We suspect that Acting President
and actual dictator Huerta knew as
much. But why. should he. worry
about the displeasure of his great, but
inert and. helpless, neighbor on the
north? The President couyles his
fireless message to the Mexicans with
a public statement that "there would
be no departure from the original po
sition that the Mexicans should settle
their own affairs." What, then, Is
John Lind doing In Mexico?
The Mexicans are, of course, not
alarmed by unloaded ultimatums and
they appraise grape-Juice diplomacy at
Its true value. The days of the Big
Stick are over. Mexico is not only to
be left to settle its own affairs, but
Mexicans are to be left free to unset
tie them.
EWS FROM ARMAGEDDON.
The soldier at Armageddon who has
taken to letter-writing for the purpose
of reproving The Oregonian for some
of Its recent utterances on the Repub
lican National convention is laboring
under several misapprehensions,
which we will take the trouble to dis
pel. The Oregonian did not say that
the rules controlling the Republican or
Democratic National conventions were
"dishonest, machine-made rules."
They are the rules which have gov
erned the Republican conventions for
sixty years and the Democratic con
ventions for a longer period. If they
are "dishonest,. machine-made rules"
the Republican party in its beginnings
was a dishonest, machine-made party,
and so was the Democratic party.
Abraham Lincoln was nominated un
der their terms and so was Theodore
Roosevelt. Every Democratic Presi
dent from Jackson to Wilson was
nominated under these same rules.
They are not dishonest, machine-made
rules. That a political machine may
seek when it can to make dishonest
use of them Is quite another matter.
Champ Clark may or may not have
been the choice of a majority of his
party. We do not know; no . one
knows. He had at one time a ma
jority of the delegates at Baltimore,
but we suppose our Centralla friend
will not cite as proof the experiences
and practices of a convention operat
ing under dishonest, machine-made
rules. That Mr. Wilson ever wired his
manager to withdraw his name Is
news- to us and will be to everybody
else except our Armageddon soldier
standing alone at Centralla.
Cummins, Hadley and Deneen, weak
sisters? They are denounced because
they refused to bolt the Republican
party. The way for them to prove
that they were not weak sisters was
to Join the bold band who Insisted on
rocking the boat, and turned It over.
RECIPROCITY MAT BE REVIVED.
The effects of the Underwood tariff
are already being felt in Canada.
Graingrowers demand the removal of
duties on wheat and flour, that they
may escape the countervailing duty
of the United States and enter Ameri
can markets free. They do not relish
the spectacle of the farmers' free list
in the United States, while they pay
duties for the benefit of manufactur
ers In Eastern Canada. The North
western provinces are gaining so rap
idly In population and wealth that
they will make their voice heard at
Ottawa In a demand for a new reci
procity treaty.
Sir Wilfrid Laurier has seen his op
portunity and has revived the Issue in
a by-election In Quebec, In which. Syd
ney Fisher, who was his Minister of
Agriculture, Is the Liberal candidate.
They can show the uselessness of Ca
nadian Import duties on print paper
and- of Canadian eiport duties on
wood pulp and pulpwood In view of
the American countervailing duties on
those commodities.
Quebec and Ontario have great for
ests fitted for paper manufacture and
their owners will study whether they
gain anything by Canadian restric
tion. Farmers of all parts of Canada
will be Jealous of their neighbors In
the United States, who get agricultural
Implements duty free.
Canadians have had time to cool
their patriotic ardor, which was
aroused by the Conservatives In the
last reciprocity campaign, and to re
alize the practical advantages of closer
trade relations 'with this country. Sir
Wilfrid Laurler has a good chance to
come back, and, If he should, Presi
dent Wilson will have an opportunity
to negotiate a new reciprocity treaty.
But there must be no more Pole-to-Panama
speeches nor references to
Canada as an adjunct to the United
States.
THE UPAS TREE.
The learned have been telling us In
their superior way that the oid stories
we used to hear about the deadly upas
tree were "mere fables." There is such
a tree, of course, but It does not do
the dreadful things people thought It
did. It Is better, far tetter, than its
reputation, a trait in which it differs
from the common run of human be
ings. But lt:omes oat now that there
really is a tree which puts living crea
tures to sleep and may, perhaps, slay
them if its influence lasts long enough.
It is the "sleeping tree," of. which
there Is a specimen in Golden Gate
Park, at San Francisco.
This wonderful tree blossoms only
once In fifty years, but Its flowers are
beautiful and strange enough to make
up for their rarity. They emit a
strong aroma, which contains the
soporific qualities. A man standing
near the tree when It is in bloom sooa
begins to drowse. Of course birds
and small animals would quickly per
ish under its baneful Influence. Sci
entists have undertaken to analyze its
blossoms and no doubt we shall soon
learn from their researches the secret
of Its power.
Thus another popular belief long
ridiculed by scientific men has been
found to have a basis of truth. There
are many such, particularly in the do
main of history and theology. The
ancient doctrines of the church are
occasionally made impossible of belief
in their accepted form by historical
prices. The farmer receives more
Vila nriuinp. Th onlv nerson who
research, but It almost always turns
out that. In a slightly modified form,
they are perfectly credible and even
scientific.
The doctrine of "the new birth" Is
one of these. Some of the churches
let it slip out of notice in former
years, because it seemed perilously out
of harmony with reason. The Meth
odists clung to it and made much of
"conversion," by which it was sup
posed that the new birth was accom
plished. But in some other denom
inations It was quietly put away out
of sight. Finally, William James took
up the subject and In his psychology
showed that the doctrine was per
fectly rational. Every normal lndi
vidual experiences a "new birth" in
the course of his life and In using the
phenomenon the churches simply avail
themselves of a natural process.
IMPROVING THE WORLD'S PORTS.
If any citizens of Portland are dis
posed to flinch at the expenditure of
the large sums proposed on docKs,
harbor and channel improvements in
this city and on the Columbia River,
they should consider what other ports
are doing. On the Pacific coast of
the United States Los Angeles will
spend $10,000,000 and San Francisco
$9,000,000 on port Improvements, and
Seattle is spending many millions on
the Bush terminal scheme. On the
Pacific coast of South America Chile
will spend 120,000.000 on the ports of
ValDaralso and San Antomo.
On our own Atlantic coast New
York is considering a project costing
X85.000.000 and Philadelphia Will
SDend about 13,26 0,000. In five Bra-
zlllan ports an expenditure of $125,
000,000 Is estimated and in Buenos
Ayres docks costing $25,000,000 are to
be built. Montreal has spent $17.-
000.000 and plans great extensions
Toronto will SDend $18,000,000 and
Halifax plans many Improvements.
In Europe, London plans an outlay
of $70,000,000. one dock to cost $10,
000.000. France has provided- for a
total outlay of $212,000,000 on harbor
and Internal waterway Improvements.
Work actually under way involves a
cost of over $41,000,000. Docks, jet
ties and channel deepening at Havre
alone will cost $8,864,000, and the
port of Rouen, forty-five miles up the
Seine from-Havre, is to be . extended
at a cost of $10,000,000. Other ex
penditures on French ports are to be:
Marseilles, $6,891,000; Boulogne, $2,
247,000; Calais, $544,000; Bordeaux,
$7,973,000; Dunkirk, $1,200,000; Nan
tes, $5,500,000.- "Vast sums are to be
expended In deepening the seme,
Loire, Garonne and Saone and in im
proving canals.
Many of these Improvements wouia
doubtless have been made In any
case, but It Is certain that the move
ment for harbor and waterway exten
sion has been stimulated by the early
prospect of increased commerce, due
to the completion of the Panama
Canal. All nations have their eyes on
America, both north and south, and
on the Orient.
Many may be staggered at the
thought of expending $2,600,000 on
public docks, from- $3,240,000 to 3,
600,000 on the removal of Swan
Island, and $500,000 In aiding the
Government to deepen the channel
over the Columbia River bar, but we
must pay for some, at least, of these
Improvements If Portland is to keep
up with the procession and Is to make
the most of the opportunity furnished
by nature to become one of the
world'B greatest ports.
WISDOM PROM A SEA-GOING CON
GRESSMAN.
We have perused with great care
the remarks of Hon. A. W. Lafferty on
the Glass currency bill, as printed in
the Congressional Record of September
15, and observe therein not only evi
dence that the Oregon Congressman
ranks with the most intrepid explorers
of his time, but a refreshing applica
tion of the observations of a profound
intellect to an abstruse and technical
question in a way that must be plain
to the most ordinary comprehension.
It will be recalled that Mr. Latlerty
recently spent two months among the
aborigines of Ireland, Scotland, Eng
land, France, Belgium, Denmark, trer.
many and Austria. He endured their
hardships, observed their customs and
ate their food without thought of per
sonal danger or discomfort. He re
turned with a mass of interesting data,
plentifully sprinkled with exclamation
points and "Think of its!" which he
turnecover to the Washington Post.
Not content that one newspaper
should enjoy this momentous scoop,
the graphic relation of his astonishing
discoveries was, at the modest sug
gestion of Mr." Laff erty, made available
to the entire Nation by. extension into
the Congressional Record aa "remarks
on the bill to provide for the estab
lishment of Federal reserve banks, lor
furnishing an elastic currency," etc.
It is learned from the -comment or
this distinguished traveler that the
Bank of England Is reserved ex
tremely so. For example, it assures
the people that it has securities on
hand to meet its notes, but the people
"have to take its word for It." Aside
from that, "all the bankers of Europe
are an aristocratic class." The in
ference, of course, is plain, n-very-bodv
recognises the superiority of Eu
ropean banking methods over our
own. Reserve Is what makes them so,
for where can one find greater re
serve than that exemplified by vast
quantities of gold hidden away in
vaults or by the haughty manners of
the European aristocracy? The Amer
ican banking system certainly needs
more reserve.
As to elasticity of currency, Mr.
Lafferty is equally lucid. As an ex
ample, he tells us that one can keep
the cost of a two-montns' trip to Eu
rope within $500. but he adds that it
would be well for one contemplating
the Journey to take along $1000.' The
advantages of elastic currency will be
readily apparent to him who would
follow In Mr. Lafferty's footsteps and
possesses only 300 simoleons.
We get from Mr. Lanerty, aiso, ine
Interesting Information that as most
passengers feel "a little squeamish"
the first day or two at sea it is well
to get a stateroom near the center of
the ship. He alsb presents a terse
and Intelligent definition of the term
sea legs." "Sea legs," it seems, is
a sailor's expression and "means ac
commodating the body to the motion
of the ship." Once It Is acquired most
passengers get over their squeamish
nesa and find that "nothing is more
exhilarating than life at sea." The ob
servant will note In this apparently
detached comment a subtle hint that
after the country gets its' "sea legs"
it will find the new currency legisla
tion and perhaps the Underwood-Simmons
tariff law both cheerful and en
livening. We can in fancy see the
wave of relief that spread over the
faces of the Washington statesmen as
they took in this comforting assur
ance from our sea - going Represen
tative. But aside from these practical les
sons on reforming the currency, Mr.
Lafferty brings -home some new the
ories that will doubtless cause as much
scientific controversy as did Mr. Pick
wick's "Theory of Tittlebats." . The
most valuable, yet withal fearsome, re
sult of his researches in foreign lands
is perhaps contained In the following
extracts from his "remarks":
One of the moat pleasant surprise to
every young American traveling abroad
comes when ha learns how easy It la to
pick tip a smattering of forelpn languages.
To be able to make one's self understood
In German or French I had supposed re
quired months or years of study. Such
la not the ease. The secret Is to be found
In the fact that many of their words are
practically the same as ours? ... In
Vienna I bought one book giving seven dif
ferent languages In parallel columns. I
found that In aome Instances the English
word ran clear acrosa the page with but
slight variation. The reason for this sim
ilarity of words In all European .languages
Is the fact that all the nations of Europe
came from a common aource. When the
people started north through Europe they
scattered and settled In different parte, ana
In the centuries they have developed dif
ferent languages, but many of the words
originally used In common nave been re
tained In all the languages, which but Il
lustrates again how small the world Is and
how closely we are all akin.
We look forward with grave appre
hension to the time when the purport
of this astounding discovery perco
lates into the chairs of languages In
our colleges and universities and In
vades the studious- precincts of our
etymologists and historians. Mr. Laf
ferty has overstepped the mark. When
the public mind is wrought up over
the currency discussion, here Is In
jected as part of that debate extra
neous material, which will doubtless
provoke acrimonious disputes and dis
tract attention from material issues of
the day. Mr. Lafferty should not cooly
upset the fond traditions of our less
traveled and less-observant scholars.
He hadn't oughter done It.
Boston Is congratulated by the Tran
script on having guarded Itself against
New York's mania for building sky
ward which has grown out of the
latter city's insular location. The
height of buildings must have some
relation to the street area surrounding
them or there will be an intolerable
dally congestion when their myriad
occupants pour Into the streets. Light,
air and- consequently health should
also be considered. Modern means of
rapid conveyance furnish less excuse
for concentrating business in a few
extremely high buildings In a restricted
area than - existed when men's and
horses' legs were the sole means of
locomotion. Steel construction Justi
fied an increase In the height of build
ings, but the other considerations men
tioned should place a limit upon It.
Portland has about hit the happy
mean between the old and new ex
tremes and should adhere to it.
Almost everybody has noticed how
much more .comfortable to the eye the
"indirect light" is than the unreflected
ray. . The new system nas Deen in
stalled In the public library, to the
great satisfaction of readers. Some
projectors now promise that city
streets will soon be lighted Indirectly
with soft, steady beams, soothing to
the eye and pleasant to the artistic
sense. When this happens some oi
the dancing, prancing, blinding elec
tric signs will look odd.
Who can make a sentence which
shall contain every letter of the al
phabet, repeating none? Gelett Bur
gess offers the following: "Quiz Jack;
thy frowns vex G. D. Plumb," which
may have more sense than it seems to
have, but It breaks the rule by re
peating u. Every letter appears in
Ezra vli 21, but, of course, many are
repeated. The trick is fairly difficult
and It may serve to pass the time on
a rainy night, when one has nothing
better to do.
When a play based on the Balkan
war was produced recently at Cettlnje,
the patriotic Montenegrins made an
uproar against the actors who repre
sented the Turks and tried to assassin
ate the impersonator of Essad Pasha.
Even the counterfeit presentiment or
a Turk will not be safe In Montenegro
for many yeara
The misfortunes of China were used
by President Roosevelt to warn us of
the necessity of forest preservation.
Now China has asked us how to pre
serve and restore her forests. Having
taught us, she asks , us to become the
teacher in turn.
Harvard youth will lead a costly ex
pedition to an uncharted treasure is
land. He'll probably find that the
treasure consists of" mosquitos and un
washed savages.
Bryan has again been called to
Washington by the Mexican situation.
Yet we fail to see how our Mexican
policy requires anyone on the Job.
Now let the archaeologists go a lit
tle farther and find out if the Baby
lonian boy spit on his slate and rubbed
it out with his elbow.
Liquid mud has dammed the canal
and we surmise that the canal force
has done something similar to liquid
mud.
Bracing, crisp weather Is forecasted
for the next week from Washington.
Is that chap trying to have fun with
us?
At the same time we feel safe in
assuming that the Mexican Congress
would be pleased to adjourn.
Jack Johnson has taken out citizen
ship papers In France. Score & black
mark for the French.
The forecaster who prescribes "fre
quent rains" about this time Is not
taking chances.
Jack Johnson Is a Frenchman and
must like It. paying $30,000 extra for
the privilege.
" Russian explorers' report discovery
of a new continent. It is the right
time of year.
A new cure for insanity has been
found. That should about finish the
Bull Moose.
Christmas shopping and registration
now loom up ominously on the duty
horizon.
Hobson denounced Underwood as
a menace. Along witn ine yeiiow
peril.. .
"We have issued another stern warn
ing to Mexico. Mere water on a duck's
back. V
Onions are soon to go up in price.
Along with everything else.
The true Oregonian Is now In his
element. .
LET, LOGGF.D-OFF . LANDS PAY IT
Mr. U'Rcn Not Disturbed by Effect of
Proposed Tax Law.
OREGON CITY, Or., Oct. 11. (To the
Editor.) When we consider what pri
vate property Is exempt from tax In
Oregon, It Is surely no more than fair
to exempt the farmer and wage-worker
$1500 Worth of dwelling house, live
stock, tools, orchard trees and other
things with which the people work to
make a living. In your editorial con
sideration of the proposed $1500 exemp
tion amendment you have not men
tioned the property that Is exempt from
taxes in Oregon now.
Nearly all the money In the banks
Is exempt by law. and about the only
money outside of the banks that is not
i taxed Is owned by women, minora mo
i insane persons.
Accounts, notes and mortgages are
J exempt in most counties, partly by law
' and partly by the cutsom of the As-
.; sessors. All bonds Issued by cities.
! counties, districts and the Government
are by law exempt from lax in uregon.
Water powers have been assessed for
about 6 cents on the $1 of their actual
value, when they were not entirely ex
empt. All household furniture, domestic
fixtures. Jewelry, clothes and similar
things "in actual use" are by law ex
empt from taxes. A half dozen mil
lionaires who helped pay for getting
this latter exemption have more house
hold goods and Jewelry than 1000 farm
ers and wage-workers. All the above
exemptions are for property that is
owned chiefly by rich men, except the
household furniture, the average as
sessments on which for farmers and
wage-workers is about $35 each.
If complete exemption of factories
encourages their owners so much as is
claimed by "boosters," perhaps partial
exemption for factory workers' little
savings would help them somewhat in
getting homea
It Is clear that complete exemption
of mortgages and diamonds "in actual
use" is good for the people who own
them. We think a little exemption of
horses, cows, orchard trees and plows
"In actual use" would be good for the
people who use these things to make
a living. Surely.. It is worth trying,
even if the owners of logged-off lands
do have to pay some of the taxes that
the workers would escape.
W. S. TTREN.
If we accept all of MA TTRen's state
ments concerning exemptions and mil
lionaires' household holdings, the fact
remains that his proposed $1500 exemp
tion ,1s more likely to raise the taxes
of the factory worker and the small
farmer than It Is to lower them. It Is
Impossible for Mr. ITRen or anybody
else to say definitely how the exemp
tion would affect this or that Indi
vidual. Existing tax rolls form no
basis for computations, because the ex
emption would apply to improvements
that are now assessed as part of the
realty. Its adoption would obviously
reduce the total assessed valuation
if present percentages of assessment
are maintained, and thus make a higher
tax levy necessary. This higher tax
levy would fall on everyone who had
property left after all exemptions were
allowed. There would be a very large
number of people poor and rich from
whom the Increase In levy would ex
tract a greater amount than-the saving
made by the exemption. The two main
classes affected would be the small
owner of land not well Improved and
the large owner of merchandise stocks
or land improved and unimproved. The
gainer would be a middle class abund
antly able to pay their share of the
cost of government. The small loser
would have no recourse. But there is
nothing in the act to prevent the large
Improved land owner from segregating
his property among dummies, and for
every segregation secure a $1500 ex
emption. Mr. tTRen's proposed amend
ment is a tax-dodging measure and
nothing more. We wholly disagree
with him that it is worth while to
hamper the reclamation of logged-off
lands to give it a trial.
NOW FOR GENUINE CELEBRATION
Mr. Knbll Would Have Canal Rejoicing
. Eclipsed on Opening; of Fourth St.
PORTLAND, Oct. 11. (To the' Edi
tor.) The American Nation Is to be
congratulated. Particularly do the peo
ple of the Paclflo Coast have every rea
son to be Joyful, and especially does the
citizenship of our fair city have a just
right to pause in the midst of labor
to give three cheers for the completion
of the greatest engineering feat ever
accomplished by human brain arid
The proclamation of the Mayor of our
city 'with reference to this event was
very appropriate, and the celebration
In a mild way did credit to the patriot
ism of our people. But while Port
land has every reason to hope that the
completion of this great waterway Is
going to give an impetus to her many
valuable Interests, and that the com
mercial pursuits of our commonwealth
are going to be greater advanced, it
is the opinion of the writer that there
are some other events the completion
of which will result In a great benefit
to our city and redound much to tne
credit of our municipal administration.
The writer would respectfully re
quest that the present city administra
tion issue a proclamation declaring that
on or about October 14, 1914, Fourth
street will be completed. If such a
proclamation were to be issued the
merchants on Fourth street would be
gin operations that would fittingly cel
ebrate the completion of the thorough
fare. Large bells would be installed
at the entrances of every place of busi
ness. Johnnie Mann would start the
erection of a great fireworks display.
The Multnomah would run open, free
house on that occasion and all the
locomotives of the Southern Pacific
could bo conveniently placed on the
tracks between Burnslde street and
the south end of the city with full
steam on prepared to blow the town
no. In addition there would be a big
parade headed by Gay Lombard. There 1
would be joy unconnned and diiss un
alloyed. K. K, K.UBLI.
Women Urged- to Register.
PORTLAND. Or., Oct. 13. (To the
Editor.) It was my good fortune to
be taken by Alice Nugent, president of
the Portland Good Government Club,
to our sister city of Vancouver, to wit
ness the scene when the women of our
sister state's progressive suburb turned
out, en masse, to vote for Clarke
County's appropriation of $500,000 for
building the Interstate bridge across
the Columbia River. We found women
employed at the dozen widely separated
polling booths; all serving as clerks or
judges of election' free of charge.
Will the women of Multnomah
County do as well on the 4th day of
November next? It was a pleasure to
see women trundling their baby car
riages along the streets, headed for the
polling 'booths. At every one of the
dozen we visited the clerks and Judges
of election were called out to greet us,
all hoping to see the women of Mult
nomah County rise to their waiting op
portunity to vote for Oregon's share
of the bridge bonds.
But the time for our registration is
short. We, who have changed our
abodes, must register again, and those
of us who have not voted must not fail
to register this week. There are other
important matters to claim your bal
lots, also. Be prepared to meet them
all as opportunity offers. Thus shall
the fame of Votes for Women in en
franchised states go out to all the
world.
ABIGAIL SCOTT DUNIWAY.
MILITIA AS ARMY'S FOUNDATION.
Recruiting; to Regular Establishment
Not Likely to Sncceed.
VANCOUVER, Wash., Oct. S. (To
the Editor.) Referring to General
Wood's article In The Oregonian, Sun
day, relative to the reorganization of
the United States Army, and where we
could get our soldiers In case of war,
I would respectfully submit views
based on experience and observation.
Twenty years ago I finished a period
of enlistment in the Signal Corps, U.
S. A and on October 10, 1S93, ap
peared In the St. Louis Republic the
following extract of an editorial that
I had the honor to write:
Will the Army ever a fit place for a
young ' man to pass a year of his life In
military training? can only be answered by
the Congress of the United States. The per
iod of enlistment should be reduced from
five to one year and no re-lnllstment In time
of peace. This would eradicate the Army of
Ita asylum features. The pay, privileges and
opportunities of the one year's training
should be lnoreased so that a better clasa
of American men would be attracted to mil
itary duty the same aa the civil service ap
peals to them. All honorably discharged
soldiers should bo carried on the reserve
force for at least 10 years with a month's
drill each year in a 8ummer camp. Enlist
each month a sufficient number of men so
aa to keep up the Army to the standard pre
scribed by Congress. Make the Army a vig
oroua organisation for the military training
of American soldiers for military duty in
case of need.
For 20 years I have In a way been
preaching this doctrine in magazines
and papers, including The Oregonian,
but In some instances I have been sized
up as a crank or fool, but the Secretary
of War and some of the officers in high
command are beginning to see the
light. But I have very little hope of
anything positive being accomplished.
The vast majority of Army officers are
opposed to frequent enlistments, and
no officer that I ever knew welcomed
a batch of recruits to his command.
They require drilling, and although
the drilling in the manual of arms
and maneuvering are delegated to the
"non-coms," the recruits for some time
do not present a very soldierly ap
pearance when drilled In the presence
of the Inspector-General, and unavoid
ably reflect on the company.
There will be nothing done, as usual,
and when we find ourselves up against
a real military power and have to fight
or crawfish, as we generally fight we
will experience disaster and disgrace
and lose many valuable lives and much
treasure before we are in position to
correct mistakes and fight properly.
The question naturally arises that
should Congress enact a law providing
for the enlistment of 10,000 recruits
each year, could they be depended upon
in case of the country's call when on
reserve? I am inclined to the opin
ion that they could not be relied upon
In an emergency; not one In ten would
respond to the summons. Go among
the soldiers of the regular Army today,
and have a friendly talk with them, and
what do you discover? What caused
them to enlist? Was it military fervor?
Was It patriotism? Not by any means.
It was love disappointments, or a love
for adventure, or lack of a Job. The
pulse of business is well gauged and
measured by the number of young
men offering themselves at the re
cruiting offices. Talk to them while
serving their enlistment. Are they
enthused with military ardor? No.
They are waiting Impatiently for their
period of enlistment to expire, so they
can go back to civil life. How many
of these men could be depended upon
if Dlaced on the reserve force? Not
one In ten.
The fact remains that the Army Is
not a fit place for a young American
who is capable of self-government witn
a future of usefulness and honor De
fore him.
Where and how, then, are we to get
our soldiers in case of war? In my
opinion the question can only be solved
by the organization of a large effi
cient militia in each of the 48 states.
There is no prejudice against service
in the state militia like service in the
Army. Good material could Be had;
voluntary service would be copious
for one year's training, to the exclu
sion of everything else at adequate
pay for one year. Then place them on
the reserve force and they would re
spond quickly at the call to arms. This
would reaulre money, but state and
Nation should take hold together. Serv
ice should be voluntary and recruits
should be carefully selected. Physical
and educational tests should bo en
loined. AcceDtance should be classed
as an honor to the applicant, and his
one year's training should be continu
ous and severe.
WILLIAM N. RUGGLES.
AS TO MACHINE-MADE RULES
ArmageddoD Soldier's Ideas About Ma
chines and Politicians.
CENTRALLY, Oct. 12. (To the Edi
tor. The Oregonlan's article under the
caption, "Recognizing the Facts Is
both Interesting and perplexing to me
as well as many others of your readers.
You now recognize that the majority
of the Republican party was disfran
chised In the last National convention
by dishonest machine-made rules and
that the Democratic party has the same
rules. You express surprise at the
smooth way they work in their con
ventlons. In other words, how quietly
they disfranchise the majority of their
party. Champ Clark was the choice
of the majority of his party. Every
ballot Increased his lead until Wil
son wired his manager to withdraw
his name. "Not yet," said the n
chine. "Bryan will save the day." And
he did it.
The thing that puzzles me Is simply
this: Is your discovery of the fact that
the majority of the Republican voters
was denied a voice in the party coun
sels, disfranchised at Chicago, a recent
discovery, or has it been known to you
ail along? If known to you all along,
why have you used so much clean paper
and slathers of printers Ink aicung
crooked machine politicians?
You owe some of your patrons and
yourself an explanation, to be useful
in this "reorganization." All the people
cannot be fooled all the time. Speaking
for myself, I would have kept Roose
velt's name out of the convention until
they had proclaimed their rejection of
lait. Then I would have welcomed
the name Roosevelt. But to indorse,
even connive. at such, no. If I could
find no other objection, I would refuse
to bear the odium, and let the crooks
have all the lucre. The dividend would
not suit me. Hence I took my stand
an Armageddon, with the tour and one
half millions who refused to be dis
franchised. Senator Cummins is no wiser than
Secretary Bryan, or he would know
that his plan, "disciplining or regulat
ing the party machine," will never re
gain the lost confidence in the Repub
lican party. He and Hadley and Deneen
are weak sisters.
P. J. 8. M-MANAMARA.
A Good Crlbbage Hand.
ASHLAND. Or., Oct. 9. (To the Edi
tor.) In a game of crlbbage, A held
four sevens; an ace turned up; A
claimed his hand counted 24; B claims
that the hand only counts 28. Which
is right? GEORGE TAVERNER.
The ace with each possible pair of
sevens counts 15, thus: Spades and
clubs, spades and diamonds, spades
and hearts, clubs and diamonds, clubsl
ana nearts. iue-e n-e tumuiuanuuB
count 10, and the four sevens count 12;
total 22.
Two Troubles..
I like to fish where willows jut
O'er waters ripply by.
Such scenes are very pleasing, but
The fish are very shy.
The fish are very shy, alas;
Which helps to spoil our day.
And then the bugs, it comes to pass.
Are Just the other way.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
Twenty-five Years Ago
From The Oregonian of Oct. 14, 1888.
Salem, Oct, 13. Bill Watklnds. ex
Chief of Police of Portland, an ex
Democratic politician, who has been
officiating as fence guard at the peni
tentiary for the last three months, was
this morning summarily dlscharRi'd by
Superintendent Downing, It having been
ascertained by him that Watklnds had
yesterday submitted to the grand Jury
a series of charges In writing of mis
management by Downing of afTatrs at
the penitentiary.
Olympla, W. T., Oct 13. The total
valuation of Washington Territory will
amount to about $90,000,000.
Salem, Oct. 13. At the Synod of the
Columbia this morning, the presbytery
of Southern Oregon was formed.
Seattle, Oct, 13. Professor Edwin S.
Ingraham has started with another
party of climbers to ascend Mount
Rainier.
Albany, Or., Oct. 13. Hon C, W. Ful
ton, Republican candidate for presi
dential elector, arrived this morning
and this evening addressed a lurge au
dience at the Courthouse.
Several gentlemen from Seattle,
Wash., called upon Henry Vlllard yes
terday at the office of President Oakes,
of he Northern Pacific They were A.
A. Denny, Bailey Gatsert, John Leary.
J. P. Hoyt and Leigh Hunt, editor and
proprietor of the Post-Intelllngencer.
They urged the purchase by the North
ern Pacific of the Columbia & Pugct
Sound Railway, from the Northern Pa
cific main line to Seattle.
Thirty-five acres of land between
Portsmouth and the Brazee tract will
be sold at auction on Wednesday at
the office of J. Fred Clark & Sons by
Gilman & Co., auctioneers.
Gus and Mary Kutzschan have sold
to John A. Devlin, of Astoria, lot 3,
block 11, on the west side of First
street next to the corner of Main, and
the building upon it for $40,000.
The drydock at Alblna is to be aban
doned. Newman J. Levlnson, formerly city
editor of The Oregonian, now man
aging editor of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer,
Is In the city.
Judge Shattuck yesterday sustained
the demurrer to the answer In the suit
of W. A. McCarty vs. J. R. Wintler for
$500, posted with him as plaintiffs half
of a purse for a race between Gray
Daisy, owned by himself, and Matt
McCullough, owned by Proebstel & De
lore, of Vancouver. Judge Shattuck
held that a horso race wager was an
Illegal contract.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oreironlan of Oct. 14, 1 8 6 .
Washoe, (Nevada), will probably bo
admitted as a state durlnu the next
session of Congress. A bill for that
purpose passed the Senate at the last
session the night before the adjourn
ment, but was 15 minutes late In reach
ing the House.
' Louisville, Oct, 8. Rumors prevail
in Nashville that the rebel cavalry have
captured and entirely destroyed Shel
byvtlle, Tenn., taking our forces there
prisoners.
New York, Oct, 9 The Herald's
Washington dispatch says the latest
private dispatches from the South say
it appears that Uragg's army has been
reinforced since the battle of Chatta
nooga, his whole command amounting
to 175,000 men, and reports say, Genorul
Joe Johnston Is at home with 55,000
reserves.
Fortress Monroe, Oct 9. The Rich
mond Enquirer has the following: Mis
sionary Ridge, Oct 6. We opened on
Chattanooga at 1 A. M. from the top
of Lookout Mountain. Our shells ex
ploded In the enemy's camp. The ene
my replied briskly.
Owing to the late rains, the upper
Willamette River has risen several feet,
and we understand that the captain of
the Relief will attempt to make a trip
to Salem with the boat
Company B, First Regiment Oregon
State Militia (Washington Guards),
Captain Mills, commanding, Intend go
ing on a target excursion In a few
days. .
A six-mule team got stuck In the
mud on Second street between Wash
ington and Stark. Unless there Is
something speedily done by property
holders in some localities, a few days'
more rain will make certain streets Im
passable for teams.
Mrs. Julia Dean Hayne will appear at
the theater in this city on Friday.
The union men of Polk County will
hold a union mass meeting on Satur
day, the 31st Inst, at Dallas. Governor
Gibbs, Judge Boise, George H. Wil
liams and other prominent speakers
will address the meeting.
The amount of taxable property In
Linn County this year is $2,075,713; In
Albany, $202,144.
Bridge Is the Issue.
PflPTT.A NiH Dot 13 (Tn tlm F.ill-
tnr 1 Mr Ahrsham Nelson. In Tho
Oregonian October 8. is presumably in
favor or an interstate bridge across
th. rrnlumhla. At the Rnme time it is
fair to Infer, from the tone of his let
ter, that he Is more deeply concerneu
about the site of the bridge than In
the bridge Itself. Personally I ain In
favor nf tho brldsre first, last and ull
the time. Irrespective of the site. That
Is a question of engineering simply,
honxa all nulhhllnir about location
should be eliminated, and all personal
Interests lata asiae.
GEORGE H. HIMlia.
Married a Little Time.
She gave him her hand when he asked
for it.
Ha little knew what was to come.
For when they'd been married a little
while
He found himself under her thumb.
New York Sun.
The Help
That Helps
Mr. Retailer: Every manufactur
er who offers to sell you his mer
chandise, tells you all about Its vari
ous points of merit: quality, style,
workmanship, etc. Then, again,
many manufacturers offer you sug
gestions to help you sell their prod
ucts! These 'suggestions and helps take
many shapes and include many
plans of more or loss merit All
are honestly Intended to create a
demand in your particular commun
ity for the manufacturer's goods.
But If the manufacturer Is wise
and experienced, and if you, .Mr.
Retailer, are alive to your beat in
terests, you will get together on
the simple, satisfactory and econ
omical plaij of newspaper advertis
ing. It Is direct, concrete, and to the
point and reaches more possible
customers in your territory, in a
more forceful manner, than any
Vther method ever devised.
It Is the help that helps, and you
will do well to Insist on It from tho
firms that make your merchandise.
Manufacturers who are Interested
in local advertising for Nationally
sold merchandise are Invited to com
municate with the Hureau of Adver
tlstag, American Newspaper Pub
lishers' Association, World Building,
New York City. Adv.