lO
THE MORNING OREGOXIAX, THURSDAY, ATJCiUST 7. 11)13.
mm
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PORTLAND, THURSDAY, AUGUST 7. 1913.
DRIFXIXO INTO INTERVENTION.
To the responsibility which, the
United States has assumed under the
Monroe Doctrine has been added the
necessity arising from our paramount
Interests in the countries around the
Caribbean Sea. When we called upon
Europe to keep hands off American
territory, wo assumed responsibility
for the good conduct to other nations
of the governments in that territory.
Out protectorate overCuba, our an
nexation of Porto Rico and finally and
above all, our ownership of the Pana
ma Canal, have given us a direct In
terest, aside from the Monroe Doctrine,
In preventing the growth of any hostile
power in that region. Not only our
general policy but our particular in
terests require especial vigilance.
President Wilson has announced that
he will not countenance changes of
government in the republics of Latin
AmArlrA Yiv vlnlpnrA. Tn nrnrftnnA
with that policy he has refused to
recognize Huerta. who climbed to
power in Mexico by the murder of
SJadero. and has snubbed Castro, who
has-jtljTCe begun a revolution in Vene
zuela. Ill- order to secure stability to
the present government of Nicaragua,
he has offered that country a pro
tectorate and payment of $3,000,000
for a canal concession, that sum to be
usod in rescuing the republic from its
financial embarrassments.
The great objection to the policy
adopted in Mexico is that it can only
make good if carried farther. We
cannot make good on our condemna
tion of such a government as that of
Huerta unless we announce what
kind of government we will recognize
and unless we use force to establish it.
That means intervention. Since as
sassination or revolution is about the
only means known to the countries
around the Caribbean by which a
change of government may be effected,
the Wilson policy means, if carried to
the point of dictating what govern
ment shall stand and be recognized
by us, resort to force In Mexico against
Huerta, in Venezuela against Castro
and in other republics against any fu
ture revolutionary leader. It means
I'umpuisiuu upon inose countries to
abandon their customary methods of
pulling down and setting up govern
ments and to adopt our own method.
That would require the maintenance
by us of a considerable armed force,
both land and sea, in the Caribbean
and the establishment of a protectorate
over the whole region.
Mr. Wilson is making a first attempt
to put his policy in effect in Mexico.
He is trying peaceful means, but with
poor prospects of success. Huerta'
scorns all mention of mediation be
tween himself and the rebels, and any
thing but a friendly reception awaits
Mr. Lind as Mr. Wilson's personal
representative. If the President wishes
Huerta to step down, he will find some
more forcible means necessary. In
Mexico political controversies are not
settled by Bryan methods. Guns are
trumps in the game as played there.
If Mr. Wilson wishes to take a hand,
he must play the game with the im
plements which count in Mexico.
Since Mr. Wilson is strongly averse
to the use of these implements, in
other words to intervention, he would
better adopt the alternative policy,
both in Mexico and Venezuela. Let
htm recognize the government which
the Mexicans have allowed to gain
control of the capital and the admin
istrative machinery, diplomatically
closing his eyes to the stain made by
Madero's blood. Let Huerta fight It
out with the rebels. Whichever wins,
the country will be so impoverished at
the finish and will be so swamped with
European claims that Mexico may be
glad to let us take charge of her cus
tom houses and pay off her creditors,
as we have done in Santo Domingo.
That simple but bloodless expedient
has put an end to the revolution busi
ness in Santo Domingo; it may have
equal success in Mexico. Mr. Wilson's
present policy leads unerringly to in
tervention, which the American people
do not sanction.
PrBLIO LAND CROOKS.
Beware of the odious land swindler
Is, in substance, the warning sent out
by the Department of Justice to the
public. The operations of these suc
cessors of the shell game and three
card monte men have been extensive,
for they have had a new field for
crooked exploitation lately and their
victims have been legion.
Your new land swindler isn't of the
ancient order of crooked timber land
locators. That particular first cousin
of the highwayman was comparatively
crude and primitive in his methods.
He would take his victim into the
fastnesses, point out a beautiful bit of
virgin domain, indicate its location on
a blueprint map of the district and
then hurry the unsuspecting person
away to the land office, where a filing
would be perfected and a fee of sev
eral hundred dollars collected. Later
on, when the proud entryman revisited
his homestead with a compass and ran
his lines with the aid of an experi
enced cruiser, he would find that he
had acquired the right to prove up on
a select bit of barren hillside some rods
or miles from the spot shown him by
the locator.
But this isn't the type at which the
Department of Justice points the finger
of warning at this time. The new type
calls on you at your home or place of
business, or possibly waylays you in
your search for lands. He is a plausi
ble rascal and has convinced many
who are not ordinarily gullible that
great areas of the public domain are
to be had by application of a little in
side information. Very large use has
been made by these operators, the de
partment points out, of the status of
the old Oregon & Washington Railroad
land grants which are held by the low.
r courts to have been forfeited by the
company. Scores have been induced
to "locate" quarter sections of choice
lands on the theory that by tendering
12.50 per acre to the railway company
and having their offer refused they
laid the basis for primary entryman's
rights upon final forfeiture of the
grant.
Attention is called by the depart
ment to the fact that a lower court de
cision may be reversed. Or if it should
be affirmed, disposition of the lands
would await an act of Congress and
could not, in the absence of a new
statute, be made subject to entry.
Thus people who engage in these cun
ning enterprises squander the fees they
pay the professional land operators.
.-No swindle could be more despicable.
The highwayman finishes with you in
a few minutes, taking your purse and
jewelry. The gold-brick artist is sat
isfied with a quick touch, after which
he hastens his removal to more ver
dant pastures. But the confidence
man of the public domains dallies with
his . victim 'for months and inspires
them with new hopes which must fall.
Altogether he is a most reprehensible
rogue.
GOOD CIRCUS. OR BAD?
The Oregonian is accustomed to mis
representation as to its motives and
misstatements as to its sayings; so that
it is able to view without much concern
the newest charge that it supports the
injunction issued by Judge Eakin
against the Oregon City authorities,
thus preventing them from suppressing
a Sunday circus. The main objection
of Governor West to this particular
circus, it would appear, was that it
was not a good circus. But The Ore
gonian has had no information on that
subject and has not sought to pass
upon it. It would appear also that
Judge Eakin discreetly avoided the
phase of the question that threw the
Governor into such deep agitation and
issued the injunction in the clear
legal knowledge that the statute per
mits amusements on Sunday. But
whether that was the-specific ground
for this action ls not known to us;
nor does it matter.
The Oregonian sought to show that
the action of the judge was an orderly
procedure, and that the subsequent
action of the Governor was a disor
derly procedure. It sought to demon
strate also that the Governor had dif
ferent views of the same broad issue,
varying with geography and his own
executive humor, for he bitterly re
proaches the authorities in Coos County
for not interfering to prevent the de
portation of Leach, while he attacks
the district court of Clackamas County
for taking action on a matter regularly
brought to its attention.
When the courts of Oregon rule or
render a decision displeasing to the
Governor he does not hesitate to
threaten, and perhaps to declare, mar
tial law.
PORCINE HUNTERS.
When the sly old Chinese pheasant
cock attains the dignity of maturity he
is prepared to lead the average hunter
a merry chase. He can play his in
stincts and cunning against the nim
rod's wits with considerable success,
invariably winning the game in which
his life is the stake when the hunter
has no dog. For instance, the pheasant
cock can play hide and seek in a stub
ble field with the sharpest-eyed of
hunters and never betray his presence.
Hard pressed, he will squat down and
let the searcher pass within a few feet.
When finally driven to flight he cata
pults himself into the air with a tre
mendous velocity.
Nor is he so indiscreet as. to fly di
rectly away from Inevitable volley
that follows his taking the air. Rather
he will move off at a sharp angle and,
when in a tight corner, has been
known to fly directly toward and over
the hunter, depending on his marvel
ous speed and the limitations of all
wing shots. Frequently the hunter
wins, but more frequently he doesn't.
Anyway it is an exciting sport in which
the prize goes to the more skillful.
Many pheasants die of ripe old age
after having encountered whole ar
mies of hunters. ,
The hunting of this? splendid game
bird before he has attained his full
growth, however, is a practice to be
severely condemned. Reports come
from many quarters of the Willamette
Valley that the early killing is heavy
this season, despite the vigil of game
wardens, who cannot be everywhere.
The individual who will stalk down
the growing bird, which is not yet
ready for the hard game, and hasn't
a chance for Its life, is porcine rather
than sportsmanlike. He Is a law
breaker of a detestable order and
should be vigorously hunted and se
verely punched when found. Such a
person has no sense of fair play, owns
a lack of regard for the law. A jail
sentence, where conviction Is reached.
would seem better suited to his needs
than a nominal fine.
LET US FINISH READJUSTING.
Democratic dissension on the sub
ject of currency does not hold out
much prospect of early action, but
the argument of Senator Hitchcock
against attempting to pass the bill at
this session of Congress is on a par
with the Arkansas farmer's excuse for
not mending his roof. Even though
as he says, the new system cannot
come into effect for a year after its
enactment, the certainty that it is
coming into effect will aid the bust
ness readjustment which must follow
adoption of the new tariff. If Con
gress delays action on the currency
until next year, we shall have two
years of adjustment instead of one.
that due to the tariff being followed
by adjustment due to the currency
While we are about the work of re
adjustment, we would better do it all
at one time. Business will the sooner
settle down to a steady gait.
Instead of considering such left
over populist schemes as currency
based on warehouse receipts, the Dem
ocrats well may busy themselves with
making their bill, excellent in Its main
provisions, more acceptable to the
bankers. They have been acting on
the assumption that the banks must
accept any scheme Congress chooses
to adopt. Congress has power to lay
down rules under which banks may
be incorporated by the Government
and may issue notes, but it is optional
with the banks whether they will come
under those rules. Three-fifths of the
commercial banking is done by, state
banks, which will think' twice before
they become partners in a system
whereby one-fifth of their capital Is
to be handed over to seven Federal
appointees for use by the Government
in carrying on the banking business.
Though National banks cannot re
main National without becoming part
ners in the reserve banks, they will
still be free to surrender their charters
and reincorporate under state laws.
It will rest with them Ho consider
whether the right to issue notes, which
they would lose by this course of ac
tion. Is sufficient compensation for loss
of full control over one-fifth of their
capital and limitation to five per cent
of the profit they may earn on that
fifth.
The benefits which will accrue to
the country from the new system will be
In close ratio with the extent to which
the banks become parties to It. If
practically all the state banks should
exercise the option of taking stock in
the reserve banks, the benefit will be
much greater than If all these banks
hold aloof, or than it would be if a con
siderable proportion of National banks
transform themselves into state banks
in order to avoid coming under the
new law.
NEW LAW ON OLD FOUNDATION.
What Is described by a writer In the
Boston Transcript as the last word in
workmen's compensation law look3 to
us more like a return to first prin
ciples. The law is that adopted in
Connecticut. It seems to discard all
theory that there is a duty devolving
on general society to help provide for
pensioners of peace," and rejects the
insurance plans"' adopted with varia
tions in Washington, Oregon and Ohio.
Compensation is to be paid direct to
the injured employe by the Individual
employer. The principal function the
state performs is in enforcing the
proper application of the law. A com
mission of five members acts as um
pire for the two principals employer
and employe.
The workman's compensation law in
its original form attempted to pre
scribe a legal schedule of payment
by employers to injured employes, this
schedule to be observed ia lieu of a
jury determination of the award in
each case. The state-administered
plan was evolved in an effort to dis
tribute the burdens more equally of
this tax on industry. Acceptance in
some states of the theory that the em
ployes and the state should pay a pro
portion of the insurance premium was
a natural consequence.
Assessing and collecting of pre
miums and disbursing of benefits un
der state Insurance call for a more or
less unwieldy administrative structure,
but it is speedier and more certain in
relieving the Injured than any statute
which simply enacts a schedule of
compensation. The latter was sub
jected originally to litigation based on
all the old, unfair doctrines of assump
tion of risk, contributory negligence
and fellow-servant responsibility.
Then, too, the insolvency of individual
employers was an obstacle to overcome
If employes were to have complete as-
surance of compensation for Injuries.
Connecticut has attempted to apply
the merits of state insurance to direct
compensation. Acceptance of the pro
visions of the act Is presumptive. In
other words, affirmative act by em
ployer or employe is required to re
move either from its application. While
thus elective in bare form, it Is actually
compulsory in spirit, for the common
law defenses are preserved to the em
ployer who accepts the law when his
employes do not; but those defenses
are abolished for the employer who
elects to withdraw when his employes
are willing to abide by the act.
To guard the employe against in
ability of his employer to pay com
pensation, the employer is required to
submit proof of solvency or deposit
security satisfactory to the State In
surance Department. Failing In either
of these, the employer is required to
insure his compensation liability.
Another feature of the law author
izes employers in the same or similar
businesses where the hazard of injury
is similar to form mutual Insurance
companies to Insure their own com
pensation liability. The act applies to
all employers of five or more work
men.
One aim of the law Is to encourage
employers and employes to adjust be
tween themselves the questions that
frequently arise pertaining to the basis
for compensation. No law can be made
absolutely automatic in this respect.
The state is divided into districts and
the five State Commissioners are ar
biters in such disputes.
The Connecticut law overcomes
many of the objections to state insur
ance. It calls for only a small pub
licly paid department, requires no
actuarial detail, no inspection of pay
rolls, no collectors. In short, avoids
the creating of a publicly administered
Insurance organization. The act is
more in accord with American institu
tions and labor conditions than most
of the laws which are embraced with
in the broad classification of work
men's compensation and it is probably
nearer to the ultimate standard of any
yet adopted.
MEAT AND BACILLI.
Metchnikoff, the eminent investi
gator and bacteriologist, appears to be
intent on bringing back to earth the
wildly soaring price of meat. In pur
suing his investigation of the perni
cious little colon bacillus he has
reached the conclusion, that this busy
and ungrateful parasite would not
have such an enjoyable time in the
human system but for a meat diet. His
recent explorations into the realms of
bacilli led him to the celebrated con
clusion that the sour milk bacilli
combated the colon bacilli, but more
lately he has concluded that the sour
milk forces merely subtract from the
nourishment of the deadly colon
bacilli. Abstinence from meat sub
tracts further from the happy environ
ment and bounteous commissary of
man's principal enemy in the bacteri
ological field.
An interesting experiment is re
ported by Metchnikoff In support of
this idea. He inoculated chopped
meat and vegetables in separate cul
ture tubes and injected the cultures
into a rabbit. From the vegetable cul
tures the rabbit experienced no incon
venience. But the colon bacilli in the
meat culture had multiplied to such
an extent that the rabbit's demise fol
lowed quickly.
It has been estimated that some
150.000.000 of these bacilli are born
every second In the Intestinal tract.
Furthermore they cannot be eradi
cated, although paraffin oil has been
found to wreak havoc with them and
thus stay the hand of arterio
schlerosis, for which they are alleged
to be responsible. They have a wide
range of vicious activities, the princi
pal of which is generating toxins for
distribution throughout the human
system. They also lie at the bottom of
many serious disorders, including
gastric ulcers, gall stones and dysen
tery. Thus the revelation that they
must have meat In order properly to
perform all their functions of propa
gation and toxic generation is an Im
portant one. Metchnikoff does not
hesitate to say that the detestable bac
tena dote on meat and subsist on
vegetable diet only when necessary,
a vegetable diet limiting the propaga
tion of the colonies in a measurable
degree.
The deduction Is that the American,
with his insistence on meat three
times a day. is playing Into the hands
of the colon bacilli, if not into the
hands of a receiver. True he is
making life agreeable for the billions
in his intestines, but they reciprocate
by subtracting from his life tenure.
It was freely said that the heavy meat
eater is an old man before 50 long
before Metchnikoff discovered the
reasons.
While meat supplies the calories or
heat-work units for keeping up the
human organism, replacing muscle
tissue and providing material for re
pairs, meat hasn't a monopoly. Thera's
as much fuel In a pound and three-
quarters of peanuts or oatmeal
there Is in three pounds of fresh meat.
Two pounds of wheat bread and a
similar quantity of dried peas each
will go as far as three pounds of-Tib
beef, even though it does take 15
pounds of codfish, 10 pounds of white
potatoes or 37 pounds of muskmelon
to produce the required number of
calories to sustain a man one day, for
which the three pounds of rib beef
are found necessary. '
Furthermore it is'fourid that the
protein or nitrogenous food of vege
table origin doesn't record colon
bacilli putrefaction as readily as
protein of animal origin, at the same
time being quite as readily digested.
It may be that where industrial clubs
and consumers' leagues have failed to
coax down the high price of meat the
gentle laboratory experimentalist
eventually will force the way.
Philadelphia is asleep no longer.
The old city is going after foreign
trade by a grand, unique advertising
scheme. It will send a vessel around
the world, loaded with Philadelphia
products, to buy and sell, and estab
lish commercial relations at every port
and everywhere to advertise Phila
delphia. It will go to South America.
Hawaii, Bombay, Calcutta, China and
Japan. This is the latest thing in
community advertising ahd is worthy
of Portland's attention. A ship built
and manned In Portland and loaded
with Oregon products could carry the
"made in Oregon" slogan around the
world.
The supervising tfrchitect of the
Treasury Department cannot turn out
plans fast enough to spend the great
appropriations for public buildings
made at the last session of Congress.
Many Democrats in the House want a
deficiency appropriation of $137,000
to increase his force by one-fourth.
Then he would be able to gratify the
pork-barrel statesmen by spending
$5,000,000 a year more. But the House
leaders, particularly Mr. Fitzgerald,
oppose the scheme as a raid on the
Treasury.
Clyde W. Buell is .not the first pea
son who has tried to ride to safety on
the back of a bull moose, but he had
more success than others, who have
been drowned in the waters of political
oblivion. The silver-tongued Albert J.
Beveridge attempted the feat, but the
moose failed to land on him on the far
ther shore. As a means of crossing
streams, a bull moose is picturesque,
but not dependable.
The Czar recently concealed his
identity so successfully that .he caused
his enrollment as a private in one of
his own regiments and marched seven
miles In the ranks. He wished to know
how his soldiers fared and how it felt
to carry a knapsack and rifle. He
can do this without discovery, for car
toons of him are forbidden and pho
tographs are scarce.
This Nation is so lacking in any
thing ancient and historic, it well can
afford to appropriate money to repair
the Constellation. Built of wood rather
than $400 steel plate, she cannot go
into the junkpile. She was a great
fighter as frigates went in her day
and will be an incentive to patriot
ism wherever she Is moored. Keep
h6r afloat.
It Is suggested that King George
and Queen Mary of England may visit
this country next year, when they are
to make a tour of Canada. They will
be welcome and we may even go so
far as to sing "God Save the King"
to the air of America.
The joy with which Howard Elliott
is welcomed to the presidency of the
New Haven road is equaled only by
the execrations heaped upon the de
parting Mellen.
Who ever heard of Millionaire
Brady? Tet he dies leaving an estate
in excess of $100,000,000. He just
"piled it up" without a publicity man
ager.
Perhaps if the music of "America"
were changed to ragtime, objection to
it would cease. Somebody is all the
time wanting to "bust" everything.
America's apple supply will not
measure up to that of last year. So
long as the demand holds up we should
worry in this neck of the woods.
Ambassador Gerard finds represent
ing this country In Berlin is expensive
and is coming home to consult Bryan,
who has troubles of his own.
Henry Tlutt's divorced wife will not
seek to effect a reconciliation, but will
enter society. In short, she will not
return to the Hutfhut,
The divorced woman knows how to
get In front of the camera, and the
more shapely she Is the more front she
gets.
A Palis inventor of aeroplanes has
the record for high flying in finance.
He has just gone broke for $8,000,000.
A woman broke her arm bowling at
Seaside. You seldom hear of a woman
breaking a bone doing housework.
Is there a butter trust? Sixty-five
million pounds In cold storage in Chi
cago is sufficient answer. -
Now the Balkan conferences have
ignored the American State Depart
ment note. Poor Bryan!
Secretary Houston says the meat
supply Is 30 per cent short. And 200
per cent too high.
It would seem that the one thing the
Democrats can agree on Is revision and
division of pie.
An auto speeder was sentenced to
five days on the rockpile. Keep up the
good work.
Howard Elliott says he will continue
to boost for the Northwest. Hard habit
to break,.
It takes the Dutch to regulate and
edit our National songs and patriotic
airs.
Huerta may yet bring our Adminis
tration dreamers to their Benses. t
BETTER LIVING AT LOWER COST
Produce Direct From Finn and Home.
Roasted Coffee Landed.
PORTLAND, Aug. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) The communication in The Ore
gonian from "M. D.," at Dallas, on how
he provides bacon, lard, sausage and
hams for home use Is of timely interest.
Born and raised in the old-fashioned
way, on an 'Illinois farm, the home
cured bacon, la still preferred by this
scribbler to the modern packer's bacon
ana naiy
within -'time porker
nas ootn iront feet in the feed trough.
This meat, tasting of chemicals and
smoked wltn a few strokes of the brush
saturated with liquid smokine, what
ever that is, springs back, as you chew
it, against your teeth, like a piece of
rubber. How the stomach handles it
I haven't the least idea.
For years my bacon has come from
the Schulmerich farm at Hillsboro, from
A. Hodez, at Corvallis, or Mr. Baily at
Forest Grove. Recently 1 got some good
home-cured bacon at Stayton. Many of
our Oregon farmers made choice bacon
before the price of dressed pork ad
vanced, but nearly all now sell their
hogs dressed to the Portland market. '
The man of simple life knows two
slices of good farm smoked bacon for
breakfast, with two fried fresh eggs.
good home-made bread and a cup of
coffee, make a fellow feel at peace with
his morning paper, his maker and all
his neighbors.
People whose breakfast consists of
a bit of some one of the fake "break
fast foods" don't know how they are
humbugged. Little wonder they have
dyspepsia, and contemplate suicide or
divorce.
And this leads me to say that my
fruit and eggs come direct from the
farm the eggs from Silverton and the
fruit from a daughter's farm at Dallas,
each case or box costing by Wells
Fargo about 35 cents for carriage at
the door. In this way $1.50 is saved
on a case of eggs. Apples and prunes
little more than the carriage.
Coffee, I buy in the berry 50 pound
lots, the best Java, which is "parched"
and ground at home, and such coffee!
In this way the cost of the purest cofr
fee is actually less than half that
usually paid for the much exploited
stuff in brightly labelled cans.
Now, it will be seen that all this
deals with the cost of high living and
that is the result, largely, of the smil
ing solicitor every morning at the back
door for orders of this and that,
making for the workingman, at the
end of the month, a discouraging bill,
with little to show for it. Nor is the
habit of telephone ordering much bet
ter. But I started out with the intention
of asking M. D. at Dallas not to cut
up his hogs' jowls for lard, as he says
he does, but to salt and smoke them,
with the reBt of the meat, and send
them to me to be cooked with greens.
I can think of nothing so good in early
Spring. C. E. CLINE.
PROPER APPELLATION IS GIVEN
Dr. Leach Rightly Called "Anarchist
Editor," Sara Writer.
PORTLAND, Aug. 6. -(To the Edi
tor.) In The Oregonian there was a
typical letter from a Socialist in which
he took very much to heart the appel
lation you have given to Dr. Leach in
calling him an anarchist editor. He
wishes to know why and by what right
you call him so.
Civilization has been brought to its
present stage of development by one
class, the reformers. The reformer Is
the producer of two other classes, (1)
revolutionists, or radical reformers; (2)
the anarchists, or radical revolutionists.
The reformer is a necessity at all
times, for without him there would
be no progress. The revolutionist is at
times necessary, as when the gentle
methods of the reformer will not ac
complish the desired end. But the an
archist is not only at all times unnec
essary but positively harmful to prog
ress and a disgrace to the community
which allows him to exist.
One always thinks of anarchist as
synonymous with bomb thrower, mur
derer. Incendiary, and people who sym
pathize with them are equally culpa
ble.
A" Dr. Leach editorially took the
part of a class (L W. W.) which openly
declares its anarchistic proclivities, he
puts himself on the same footing with
them and so well merits the name, "an
archistic editor." If the treatment he
received were accorded to some others
in this city things would, I think, as
sume a much brighter aspect.
HUGH R. LAZENBT.
146 East Emerson street.
CHARITY FUND FOR W. J. BRYAN
It Ought to Be Preceded by Attempt to
Live for Less.
VANCOUVER, Wash., Aug. 5. (To
the Editor.) I read with much sur
prise and no litle amount of disgust
of the plan "inaugurated by the Dem
ocrats of Texas to raise a charity fund
by which Secretary Bryan might be
able to live in his official office in
Washington without resorting to the
lecture platform in order to meet his
running expenses. A wonderful idea!
Perhaps Secretary Bryan would not
care to be looked upon and considered
Government pauper. ' If he was in
that sad condition, his own state ought
first to be apprised of the fact and
set the example of pity and liberality
in helping the poor and needy.
Perhaps the condition of the Secre
tary of State is much like that of the
clothier who was endeavoring to sell
garment to a customer. Said the
merchant. "As I live, I cannot afford
to sell to you for any less." Said the
customer, "Then live so you can sell
cheaper."
Perhaps it would be well for Texas
liberality to direct the same language
to Bryaivs condition and try that plan
for a time before starting to raise a
public donation or helping fund for the
Secretary of State, and that, too, per
haps without his knowledge or con
sent. L. S. BRONSON.
NO KNOWLEDE IN Q,UINCE EATING.
Therefore, It Wts Not Forbidden Fruit
In Garden of Eden.
ONTARIO. Or., Aug. 4. (To the Edi
tor.) In The Oregonian Saturday, un
der tne beading, ".Did Eve Eat an
Apple?" the writer very "learnedly'
proved tnat it was a quince that our
distant relative ate, and that led me
to think "What a great thing is
learning.' " None but an almost Solo
mon would have discovered it.
Had a person of ordinary intelligence
been asked what kind of fruit Eve
ate he would have replied, "Why, I
reckon it was knowledge." I notice
that apple trees bear apples; peach
trees, peaches, and plum trees, plums.
So I 'spose knowledge trees yield
knowledge. Besides 'tis said that wherj
Eve saw that the - fruit would make
her wise she decided to eat it. Now,
I never heard that a quince was in
any way calculated to enhance one's
intelligence. It might make one
strong or fat, but not wise.
Who was the first to start the re
port that Eve ate an apple? What
ground had they for the report? Was
it a rehash of the myth of the "Apple
of Discord?" W. P. LAWRY.
Wreck of Rosccrsjna
PORTLAND. Aug. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) To settle a dispute, will you
please publish where the Rosecrans
was .wrecked?
A. says it was wrecked Just off
Northhead, and B. says it was a long
way from there. A. says Its mast Is
seen from Long Beach, and B. says
it went completely out of sight.
Which is right? A READER.
A. is about right as to the location.
There is one mast of the Rosecrans
above water that is plainly seen
from vessels passing in and out of
the river.
WHY AMERICANS GO TO EUROPE
Brosdesi&g of Viewpoint Rather Than
Scenery Is Chief Benefit.
PORTLAND, Aug. 4. (To the Edi
tor.) Many ask at this time of year,
"Why do so many Americans go to
Europe? Why not see America first?"
Articles are written, speeches made,
advertisements printed, all trying to
prove that it is the patriotic duty of
Americans to spend the most of their
money d-evoted to travel in becoming
acquainted with their own country. Yet
the tourist stream to Europe does not
diminish. What is the- reason?
After a residence of two years and
a half in Europe perhaps I may be per
mitted to venture an answer. Ameri
cans generally cross the Atlantic for
three purposes: For business, for study.
or for recreation and amusement. The
last class is the largest, although many
who go for business and study get a
gooa deal ol fun out of their visits.
One does not have to be in Europe
long and be possessed of good health,
time, sufficient funds and an open mind
before one sees that the heritage of
a rich and varied past, including tradi
tion, custom, governmental institu
tions, social usage, literature and art,
is a vast asset for the country. While
the United States is vastly richer-in
natural resources than any European
country, we lacic tne nistoric atmos
phere that inevitably strikes the edu
cated American as a thing of subtle
charm and value. This atmosphere
pervades all walks of life in Europe.
True, it may often contravene our
ideas of democracy. Yet It would be
a gross error to think that there is no
democratic feeling even in monarchical
countries, although It may not always
take political form. Democracy may
exist as toleration and forbearance and
mutual respect among Individuals and
between classes. Such a manifesta
tion of democracy may be worth more
than the mere right to vote.
Our country undoubtedly has scen
ery as grand as Europe. But is scen
ery alone what the man or woman with
the impulse to travel Is looking for?
Apart from the fact that the cost of
living is cheaper in Europe, that Its
Summer climate la better than anything
we have east of the Rocky Mountains,
and that the points of interest are more
accessible, is it not the people them
selves, their ways and customs so dif
ferent from ours, affording a change
of outlook upon life, an entirely new
social panorama, that interest the
traveler and draw him from afar and
satisfy his instinct for adventure?
In amusements, the European cities
of themselves attractive and many of
them delightful and beautiful afford
everything we have and more. The
playgrounds of the continent, such as
the Alps and the Mediterranean, are
more numerous than ours. In addition,
the pursuit of pleasure has dignity
in Europe that is contrary to our strict
er traditions of hustling. The culti
vation of leisure ia a serious business
across the Atlantic that has brought
certain elements of refinement into
civilization. Here the same tendency
is brusquely called loafing.
In a word, It is the novelty and vari
ety of European life that attracts the
traveling American more than the un
questionably sublime natural wonders
of his native land.
One other feature of life In Europe
I cannot help mentioning. It is the
superior capacity of the people on the
whole of relaxing after work and- of
minding their own business. Henca
life there Is more placid, more "gem
uetlicli," as the Germans say, more con
genial. There is at least on the con
tinent almost a complete absence of
that snooping spirit of Puritanism,
prescribing how people shall drink,
dance or dress, what theaters they shall
go to and when, who their acquain
tances shall be, and many other de
tails of life. Public opinion is more
inclined to believe that people are cap
able of taking :are of their own private
characters without interference by
self-styled "uplifters" who are not con
tent unless meddling with some one's
particular way of enjoying life. This
phase of Europe is enjoyed by visiting
Americans who. after all,- prefer per
sonal liberty to being thrilled by scen
ery. That this excellent plan of mind
ing your own business as long as no
offense is committed against public or
der or public decency is practical, is
shown by the fact that life in Western
Europe on the average is both safer
and longer than with us.
TRAVELER.
WATER RATE PLAN IS
PUZZLING.
Those
on Meter Advised to
Favor
Monthly-Payment Plan.
PORTLAND, Aug. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) Will some one please enlighten
the public as to Commissioner Daly's
plan to reduce expenses by making
water collections quarterly instead or
monthly? From his office came the
word that they had not worked out
the plan yet. Why ask for expres
sion on something so indefinite?
My water rate for June, for in
stance, was $1.15. . I am on a meter.
My next-door neighbor, who does not
use any more water, if as much, pays
$1.50. He has no meter. Another
water user in the same locality pays
a flat rate of $2. 2s during the Summer,
while a meter user near by, who uses
fully as much water, pays $1.25.
How is the vv ater Department or
Commissioner Daly going to fix a rate
for meter users that will be just
Some lawns require a great deal of
water, and some get a very little
Will an arbitrary rate, a uniform
charge be adopted, and then the meter
readings taken and a rebate allowed
those who do not use the amount
paid for, and a bill sent those who
have used in excess of the quantity
the quarterly payment would cover?
As a measure of economy, with all
this necessary bookkeeping which will
arise, where is the real saving?
The Commissioner will do well to
formulate some plan tne people can
understand. In the meantime, the man
who is on a meter will be wise to vote
for a continuance of the monthly pay
ments, and to hope that some real
method of reducing expenses will be
devised. WATER USER-
CHARITY FOR COUNTRY'S SAKE
Philanthropist Wants to Contribute to
Bryan Silence Fund.
PORTLAND. Aug. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) -I see that a fund is started in
Texas to keep Mr. Bryan off the lecture
platform and to enable him to devote
his time to his Job.
As a charitably inclined man I would
like to contribute my share to this
worthy fund, though I am against in
discriminate charity doling and I am
afraid this precedent might induce
the whole army of Government em
ployes to threaten the public with
Chautauqua lectures and silvery
speeches if we do not accede to their
extortionate demands.
I wash my hands of such con
sequences. But this, may be, is an ex
ceptional case; the country is ia im
minent danger of being swamped by
peerless lectures and we have to ward
off the danger at any cost even if we
have to shut in the lecturer in the
State Secretary's cabinet
I am enclosing a pledge for my pro
portion of the Bryan fund. I would
send the cash, but there is no equiva
lent for it in the United States cur
rency. Please do not publish my name and
address in large type, as I prefer mod
esty in everything, particularly, so in
charity.
A MODEST PHILANTHROPIST.
Why Not?
PORTLAND. Aug. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) Why can't we have "The Band"
at the Brooklyn Park some evening?
There are a few people in this end of
the city who enjoy- music.
MEMBER MOTHERS' CLUB.
Twenty-five Years Ago
From The Oreg-onian of August T, 18SS.
Constantinople, Aug. 6. The Turk
ish Ambassador at Berlin has notified
the Porte that negotiations between
Germany, Austria and Italy on the
Bulgarian question will soon be begun.
Chicago, Aug. 6. The letters of ac
ceptance of General Clinton B. Fisk
and John A. Brooks. Prohibition can
didates for President and Vice-President,
were made public this afternoon.
The narrow gauge lines are to be
p'aced in order for the shipment of
this season's crop. Judge Deady made
an order allowing Mr. C. X. Scott, re
ceiver, to issue certificates to pay off
indebtedness and to pay for repairing
the roads.
Several days ago a party of O. R. &
N. surveyors, in charge of John A.
Hurlburt. arrived at Lewiston. Thev
will survey to Missoula through the
Bitter Root Pass.
The first quarterly meeting of the
W omen's Union was held yesterday at
the First Presbyterian Church. The
president, Mrs. M. S. Burrell. and the
vice-presidents. Miss Hodgdon and
Mrs. T. B. Trevett, all being absent.
Mrs. A. Holbrook was elected to the
chair.
The Willamette Street Railway Com
pany will ask the Albina City Council
tor a franchise for a street railway
from the south line of Goldsmith street
to Delay street, along Russell to Helm
and north on Helm to the city limits
and throughout the full length of
Williams avenue.
Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Bellinger leave
tor biiverton on a camping out tour.
Samuel A. Herring will leave this
week for Spokane Falls.
-S. B. Wllley, controller of the Ore
gon Railroad & Navigation Company,
has returned from the East.
Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Knowles.
of the St. Charles Hotel, have lost
their little daughter Zeilpha, aged 20
months.
WORDS IN OPERA NOT UNDERSTOOD
No Cause for Worry Over Tongua
Adopted Ia Seen by Mr. M-rcra.
PORTLAND, Aug. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) A few days ago The Oregonian
had this: "It is one thing to weep and
wail because most of our opera is sung
in a foreign language."
I fail to appreciate the point here
Intended to be made. Whv hnuM onv
one care what language is used in
opera, or even in the singing of songs
and hymns, since "cultivated."
"trained," "professional" singers sacri
fice, almost wholly, the words to the
melody In their performances before
the public? Who has ears sharp enough
to know whether the artist iy using
German. French, Italian or American?
As proof that I am not exaggerating
let me give an illustration. In The
Oregonian last Sunday a writer on
happenings to stagers, 40 or 50 years
ago, gives this "curious" circumstance
of a quartet that sung simultaneously
In four languages. It was Clara Louise
Kellogg's company in "Martha." Miss
n-enogg sang in English, Brignoli in
Italian, a German woman In German
and a French man in French. The
writer says the audience never noticed
the confusion of tongues. How could
they notice it, since "tongues" were
not used at all, but only the mouthings
of voices educated out of all natural '
and enjoyable proportions and expres
sions? It is too bad to have a good song
spoiled in that way, and it is too much
to ask people of good taste to listen
patiently to such a performance. If a
song is worth anything, it Is quite as
important to the hearer as the music
to which it is set, and its words ought
to be given as distinctly and as clearly
as the music itself. To sacrifice the
words of a song, hymn or opera, to
mere gush and warble, and a super
abundance of tremolo, is one of the mis
takes, as it seems to me, of modern
singing. Only think of rendering the
Star-Spangled Banner in such fashion
that you could not tell whether it was
In German, French or Italian, only by
keeping the blessed words in your
mind, in spite of the fault of the singer.
Let us demand better singing under
new ideals of what good singing is.
Good singing means sentiment, voice
and words as well as melody.
LEVI W. MYERS.
Sugar to Ward Off Old Age.
Indianapolis News.
The belief is gaining ground in many
quarters that if you wish to stave off
old age and to have the feeling of
perennial youth and gaiety, no matter
what your actual years may be, you
cannot do batter than eat plenty of
sugar. One of the pioneers of this
theory is Professor Metchnikoff, who
has made exhaustive experiments to
prove his statements. There are some
who even assert that not only does
the frequent eating of sugar keep one
from growing old, but that if a mart
or woman will begin the sugar treat
ment, even after senility has Bet in, the
effect will be so great as to amount
to a complete change in his or her
character. .....
Turks tn New Colors.
London Tit-Bits.
"The Unspeakable Turk" has been
painted in new colors by Count Frey
sing, a Lieutenant in the German army,
who, as a volunteer in the Turkish
army, had opportunities to observe his
comrades at close range. According to
his story, the Turkish soldiers are
"highly moral," loyal to their officers,
profoundly religious and resigned in
the face of the inevitable. Women and
children were not molested by them on
the retreat, and had the ladies of the
German Embassy wished to go through
the Turkish lines they would have tak
en no greater risk than being present
at a maneuver of the German army.
Pronouncing Words.
PORTLAND, Aug. 6. (To the Edi
tor.) Please give correct pronouncia
tion of Don Quixote.
A LADY FROM MONTANA.
Consult ja dictionary.
Out in the Open
If you are up In your advertise
ment reading if you are a close
observer of the trend of mer
chandising methods as set forth
daily in the advertisements of this
and other good newspapers if
you have lately experienced un
usual satisfaction in your shop
ping and business dealings you
doubtless know the underlying
principle of fair play that actu
ates present-day merchandising.
It is the principle of service. It
spells satisfaction for the con
sumer and success for the mer
chant. People who have something to
sell now tell you openly all the
interesting facts about their
products and their wares. The
most direct method used is news
paper advertising, because news,
papers now advertise every line
of human activity. It is to news
papers that you turn for informa
tion. And. consequently, adver
tisers tell "their story out in the
open where it will be sure of a
careful reading by interested
people.