6
THE BIORXIXG OREGONIAN. MONDAY. AUGUST 4, 1913.
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FOORTIUrD, (liOKDAI, AUGUST 4, 1913.
CANAL TOIXS AND THE EXPOSITION.
Refusal by Great Britain and Rus
sla to participate In the Panama-Pa'
clflc Exposition and delay of other
great powers to accept our Invitation
to exhibit -have a significance which
should not be overlooked in this coun
try Notwithstanding statements by
British newspapers that the British
government does not mix trade affairs
with, diplomacy. It 1 only human na
ture for British action to have been
influenced by the canal tolls contro
versy. Thinking- that we have wronged
them, the British cannot but feel i
certain malicious pleasure at impair
ing the success of a celebration which
marks an achievement of which we
are Justly proud.
Russia makes no secret of the fact
that her refusal to participate is due
to our annulment of the commercial
, treaty. Our Insistence upon her re
ception on equal terms in Russia
of all American citizens; of
whatever race. or religious faith, and
Russia's determination to discriminate
against Jews mark the great gulf be
tween American and Russian ideals.
Only long, arduous and delicate nego
tiation can bring about a compromise,
Abstention by Great Britain and
Russia cannot but influence the de.
clslon of other European nations. Ger.
many and Austria-Hungary still hang
back. Italy has not yet accepted our
invitation, but it is announced that
she will do so. The attitude of the
powers named is eloquent to one who
looks beneath the surface of things
of their view of the canal toll ques-
tion. They are unquestionably ready
to back up the British protest. Their
studied coolness toward the Exposi-
tion does not encourage hope that
their representatives on The Hague
tribunal would lend a sympathetic ear
to our arguments on canal tolls. It is
one more added to the many cogent
reasons why we should not consent to
arbitration at The Hague, but should
insist on-arbitration by a special tri
bunal, so constituted as to be free from
the slightest suspicion of partiality due
to the national Interests of its mem
bers.
When the success of bo great a Na
tional enterprise as the Exposition is
in danger of being marred by inter
national disputes, It would well be
come the State Department and the
Senate to bestir themselves with a
view to hastening adjustment. But,
.while these weighty matters are pend
ing, the Secretary of State delivers
Chautauqua lectures. The Senate had
ample time, while the House was con.
sldering the tariff and while its own
committee was amending that meas
ure, to act on the renewal of the Brit
ish arbitration treaty. By inserting a
proviso that the canal tolls dispute
enouid be referred to a special tribu
nal, it would have brought that mat
ter to a head. The State Department
could have been negotiating for such
a proviso. But the Senate adjourned
from day to day without doing any
thing, as though nothing except the
tariff called for its action.
Our foreign relations are becoming
involved tnrough dllatoriness and neg
lect of duty on the part of Mr. Bryan
' and the Senate. Any gaps In the rep
! resentation of the great nations at the
San Francisco Exposition will be due
. to that cause. "
Tt'HT BANKS CHARGE EXCHANGE.
Much criticism has been leveled at
the New York Cltarlng-House Asso-
elation by the Pujo money trust com
mittee on account of the large sum
collected annually for exchange on
out-of-town checks. There Is some
. ground for this criticism when a clearing-house
attempts to use its power to
enforce uniform practice, but the
' charge for exchange Is small In pro
portion to the amount of transactions,
, which in New York is huge, and is
only fair compensation for a real serv
ice. The charge in some cities is as
small as one-twentieth of 1 per cent,
and banks in other cities make no
i charge at all. Among these Is Port-
1 land, where the banks absorb the ex
change cost, regarding it as one of
the facilities they undertake to fur
nish their customers.
Every bank has a staff of clerks
employed only in forwarding for col
lection checks drawn on out-of-town
banks. Large expense is thereby in
curred. But the largest item of ex
pense is interest, which is lost on
money while in transit. An illustra
tion will make this clear:
A check drawn on a bank in Gree
ley, Colo., is paid by a bank at Pendle
ton, Or., which sends it to a Portland
bank for collection. The Portland bank
immediately gives the Pendleton bank
credit for the amount and sends the
check to Denver for collection, Denver
forwarding it to the Greeley bank on
which it is drawn. Five days are Con
sumed in transit from Pendleton to
Greeley and another five days elapse
before the Pendleton bank gets notice
that the amount has been collected
and that it has received credit. Thus
the Pendleton bank loses ten days' in
terest for the time between the pay
ment of the amount and receipt of no
tice that it has been collected at Gree
ley. The Portland bank loses eight
days' interest and the Denver bank
two days' interest.
Owing to the round-about means of
communication an equal period of
time is consumed by a Boise bank in
collecting the amount of a check on
a Lewiston. Idaho, bank, the item hav
ing to travel from Boise to Portland
and then to Lewiston before collection
is made. When it is remembered that
about 10 percent of a bank's resources
are usually in transit in this manner,
it will be seen that the amount of
interest involved is considerable, aside
from the expense incidental to han
dling the business.
The Owens-Glass currency bill re
quires the proposed Federal reserve
Danks to make collections for their de
positors without charge, member
banks being the only depositors, aside
from the Government. There Is no
equity in such a requirement, but it
would ' leave" -the - individual banks
which are stockholders in the reserve
banks free to charge exchange to state
banks which did not exercise the ep
tlon of becoming stockholders.
RECENT fMAtl SXCRBJES.
"The only thing which would justify
the mob," declares Governor West in
his fierce pronunciamento against sun
dry citizens of Coos County for the
deportation of Dr. Leach, "would be
the failure of local officials to enforce
the law." If, then, the Coos County
officials refused or neglected or were
unable to maintain law and order, mob
rule was the proper -remedy. What is
the Governor, holding such views,
making all this fuss about? No one, of
course, is likely to be removed from
office in Coos County and no mem
ber of the "mob" is in danger of be
ing sent to Jail. We shall' only have
another great West, fiasco.
If these misguided I. W. W.'s and
Socialists and semi-I. W. W.'s and
semi-Socialists succeed in getting
enough names to a petition to recall
Sheriff Word they are going to learn
something they do not now know about
the dynamic force of public senti
ment; and we admit that they ought
10 do experts in dynamics. The can
didate who runs against Sheriff Word
If any unwilling Socialist goat can
be found for the sacrifice will be the
worst-beaten person fn the history of
uregon.
Among the nineteen political de
mands of. the National Socialist plat
form for 1912 number seventeen "for
the immediate curbing ofithe Dowers
of the courts to issue injunctions"
has no standing among the Portland
Socialists. Their loud call for the aid
of tha militia having fallen on deaf
ears, they appeal to Judge McGinn for
an injunction to restrain the Sheriff
and the Mayor from suppressing their
street oratory. Those Socialists must
have had their fingers crossed all the
time. They are Portland's best Jokers
WHI NOT DO IT OURSELVES?
There Is a challenge to the snirit of
Portland in these words of Secretarv
of War Garrison, uttered in his speech
at the banquet last Saturday:
you will get your 40 feet of water at th
oar. If you don't get it with Government
aid, you will do it by yourselves, for you
have got the sort of stuff in you to brine
such things, about. '
Knowing the dilatory . ways of the
Government, Mr. Garrison gives us a
plain hint that the surest way to se
cure Government help in deepening
the channel across the bar is to help
ourselves. The Government dredge
Chinook has been at work with a cer
tain degree of success, but we need
another dredge of a better type if the
channel is to be deepened sufficiently
and In time for the big vessels which
will come here within two years.
Even should Congress appropriate
money for another dredge, what as
surance have we that the boat would
De completed within two years? The
history of the Chinook and of the
dredge which the Government is build
ing for Coos Bay shows this assur
ance to be very slight. On the other
hand, if we build the dredge ourselves
we can complete it somewhere .near
the time when . It is needed a,nd can
lid iUJto. lltlhe conditions with
which we are familial;. We have nu
merous precedents to Justify the belief
that, once built, the dredge would be
bought, or at least operated, by the
Government. Congress has been lib
eral with funds when the state or the
locality has met it half way. Dredging
of the Columbia River channel, pur
chase of the Oregon City locks and ap
propriations for several Oregon har
bors are cases In point. To para
phrase an old proverb. Congress helps
those who help themselves.
The Port of Columbia would do well
to ponder well Mr. Garrison's words
and to seek means of acting upon
them.
NO NEED OF STRIKE.
Most people will admit that the
girls and women who joined the strik
ers in the recent trouble at the Oregon
Packing Company plant did not by
picketing deserve, to gain the disre
spect of the community. Yet respect
and admiration such as are extended
by Charlotte Anita Whitney in a let
ter to The Oregonian today, do not
assuage the pangs of hunger or pay
room rent. One of these picketers, -a
woman 55 yesfrs old, who according to
our correspondent "learned a lesson
of Inestimable value the value of co
operation, of standing shoulder to
shoulder in a fight for human right? '
appealed Sunday to the pplice for as
sistance. The collections that once
went to the aid of the strikers are now
purported to be used in establishing
fund for the recall of Sheriff
Word. The strikers are left to shift
for themselves. The woman who ai-
pealed to the police has been denied
further assistance frOm those who
urged her on In the labor trouble. She
is out of work and penniless. She has
been ejected from her room and her
clothing is held by the rooming-house
proprietors.
The cold, hard facts are that in
large measure the' strikers were the
dupes eft a notorious band of street
shouters who take without compunc
tion for their own uses a part of the
money contributed to aid others. They
were the tools of unconscionable ras
cals who engineer strikes, "free
peech" campaigns and similar move
ments for their own pecuniary bene
fit. The same attention could have been
obtained from the Public Welfare
Commission without striking, picket
ing, rioting or corner oratory. The
Oregon statutes proclaim it unlawful
to employ women or minors for wages
which are inadequate to supply the
necessary cost of living, and the Pub
lic Welfare Commission is created to
see that this statute is observed. The
act is new and women and girls who
ngage in temporary labor such as a
fruit cannery offers are excusable for
ot knowing the better alternative to
he strike. But surely, men who pro
fess to be experts on economic ques-
ons and arise in crowds to advise
their fellows ought to know and
ught to recommend the course best
suited to those in hardship. Yet In
this instance they successfully con
tinued their exhortations to strike and
to picket after the recommendations
of welfare. commission had been made
and had been accepted by the packing
company.
The correspondent is mistaken when
she asserts thai the striking girls on
picket laid , themselves open to nos-
ible personal violence - from charges
of mounted ' police; The authorities
id -not attempt to prevent Dirketinsr
!'hv did require that it be onniinrtpii
without physical or verbal violence
Sinn r o 4- 1 a ln i . 1 .a. -
and that the picketers be not unnec
essarily numerous. Only those who
violated proper and lawfu.1 regu-
110ns assumea any risk.
The real service for the women
workers of Portland and Oregon has
Deen accomplished, not by strikers,
but by a progressive law-making body.
The strike has merely demonstrated
that legal methods constructed for
the purpose of adjusting labor dis
putes are superior to independent mil
itant efforts. The strikers indirectly
gained benefits for those who did not
strike and they also provided excuse
for professional jawsmlths to panhan
dle the public. For themselves they
gained nothing that is material, for,
as already stated, admiration and re
spect, to which smay be added sym
pathy, do not buy bread and butter or
provide a roof and bed...
WORKING FOR T7NCUE BAM.
Secretary Daniels will not permit
voluntary resignation of Naval -officers
who have not attained command rank.
His theory is that men who have ob
tained professional ' and technical
training at the expense of the Gov
ernment should work out their cost by
remaining in the service until they
have earned high rank by many years'
service.
Tempting offers of employment in
civil life caused resignation of two
Naval constructors in 1912 and two al
ready in 1913, and the list of resigna
tions in the last ten years is large. In
some cases men who had. been lured
away from the Navy by fat a.lt have
been dropped by their civilian employ
ers as soon as they had reorganized
the business.
This should 'feerve as a reminder
that, while Uncle Sam does not pay
high salaries, he gives a life job with
a pension or retirement pay in old
age. Yet he is not likely to get good
service from men who are kept in his
employ against their will. .An unwill
ing worker is always a poor worker.
THE DECAY OF BXOQCEXOE.
If we may trust a recent writer in
the London Nation the art of par
liamentary .oratory has sadly decayed
since the great days of Pitt and Fox.
In those times a speaker who wis'rred
to address the people of England
chose the House of Commons for his
forum. The . audience was an exceed
ingly difficult one. It was small, inat
tentive and jealously critical, but a
man who had the ability to master it
rose to instant fame and' might take
a hand in imperial "business. At that
time celebrity won outside the House
of Commons was not very highly esti
mated. "Oh. yes," it was said slight
ingly of . many a budding Demos
thenes, "he can catch the ear of the
mob, but the true ordeal will come
when he gets on his feet to speak in
Parliament. There he will find his
level."
Conditions have totally changed
since then. The great orations of
British statesmen are now delivered
to the mob, not to the chosen audience
at Westminster. Mr. Lloyd-George and
Mr. Asquith announce their new and
sometimes startling policies at a pub
lic meeting, at the opening of a library.
sometimes to a delegation of working.
men. xne splendid budget oratory
which Gladstone used to reserve for
the Commons his successor, ' Lloyd
George, pours out upon any conven
ient and receptive gathering. It bas
become the principal business of Par
liament to enact into laws policies
which have already -been debated and
matured before popular audiences.
Things have not come to quite that
pass in America as yet. Our politicians
still take their forensic efforts in Con
gress or even in a state legislature
more seriously than their popular ad
dresses. In the latter they do not
really expect to be taken at their
word. They feel permitted to enjoy
verbal flights of a purely ornamental
nature, -to paint alluring pictures
which are never to be realized and
make promises which they would
deem it a hardship to be called upon
to fulfill. "Platform pledges" and
"campaign promises" are still counters
to juggle with in the code of our pub
lic men, far more so than In Great
Britain. There a public man is bound
in honor to stand by his public pro
fessions. We are traveling in that di
rection, but -we can scarcely flatter
ourselves that we have arrived.
The American public has long man
ifested a certain contempt for Con
gressional oratory, though the speak
ers themselves take it with profound
solemnity. Webster, Henry, Sumner
and Alexander Stephens were as
much impressed with their own power
and splendor as men could possibly be,
but they escaped being ridiculous be
cause they impressed the public, too.
They lived in a solemn age when roll
ing periods. and thunderous tones were
supposed to descend directly from
Jove. Nowadays people think of sheet
Iron stage machinery when they hear
them and are more likely to smile
than tremble. Grand oratory Is no
rnoVe. If it survives at all "it is on the
tongue of some adolescent Congress
man who has not yet adapted himself
to his cynical environment or some
lawyer who wants to bamboozle a jury.
In the criminal courts oratory is still
closely allied to the mountebank's
trickery. We read the other day of an
attorney for the defense who at the
climax of his speech to the. Jury sud
denly broke out with "Where Js my
wandering boy tonight" in a ssweet
tenor. Of course his client was cleared.
A great deal more of the grand ora
torical tradition lingers in the Senate
than In the House. From our digni
fied and conservative upper chamber
we still hear occasionally the echoes
of "splendid oratory" almost as if
Daniel Webster or Henry Clay had
experienced a resurrection. Senator
Dolliver's speech on the Aldrich tariff
bill was admired for its rolling periods.
Mr. La Follette delivered at least one
speech in the Senate on the railroad
question which will be quoted for a
century or two. But even in the Sen
ate oratory is decadent. That body is '
just about the last refuge on earth of"
unrestricted free speech. Everywhere
else the orator's tongue Is reined and
clipped, but in the Senate he can still
swim luxuriously in a tropic sea of
words. This may be the main reason
why senatorial speeches are so vapid.
They are dilute survivals from an age
when the "grand style" accompanied
grand thinkings At present our states
men show an inclination to do like the
British and deliver their best speeches
to popular audiences. As legislative
power passes more and more into the
people's possession we must naturally
expect statesmen with a message to
address themselves more to the popu
lar ear and less to exclusive assem
blies. .The State of Mississippi seems to
need the attention of the muckraker.
A frame fire-trap on the Oakley con
vict farm near Jackson burned recent
ly and thirty-five negro convicts were
roasted alive. The building was erect
t
ed ten years ago with old lumber from
a discarded penitentiary, the flames
prevented escape by the only door and
the windows were barred, of course.
The Jury calls the death of the ne
groes "an unavoidable accident,"
though the building was condemned as
unsafe some years ago. All the mem.
.bers of the Prison Board had been in
dicted before the fire for malfeasance
in office and the chairman has been
sentenced to five years in prison or
defrauding the state. Governor Brewer
charges that the state has lost half
a million dollars by misdeeds of prison
officials, and a grand Jury is investi
gating their case. Mississippi and New
York prisons are in the same class.
Depreciation of United States bonds,'
which Secretary McAdoo attributed to
a conspiracy of New York bank
ers to defeat . The Currency bill,
seems to have been due in reality
to the carelessness of the House com
mittee in revising the bill. As orig.
inally drawn, the bill immediately de
prived two per cent bonds of their
availability as security for' circulation
while providing for their conversion'
into three per cents at the rate of only
five per cent a year of the total 700,
000,000. The committee three weeks
ago struck out the words annulling
the circulation privilege, but omitted
to strike out a provision in the same
section that hereafter "no National
bank shall be permitted to Issue circu
lating notes of any description. . ' . .
not specifically provided for under this
act." Thus the circulation privilege
appeared still to be withdrawn, and
the fall in price of bonds appeared
justified. Some banks doubtless has
tened to sell - and thereby broke the
price. . . .
The Senate finance conynittee has
made a cunning attempt to revise the
spoils system and the Democratic cau
cus eagerly indorsed It. The commit
tee has prepared a bill appropriating
1, 200, 000 to pay the salaries of the
hundreds of new officials who are to
collect the income tax and has Insert
ed a provision that they shall be ap
pointed "without compliance with the
conditions prescribed in" the Civil
Service law. They are to be appoint
ed for only two years'and the excuse
Is made that the tenure is only tem
porary. But before the two years had
expired Congress would Vcover" them
into the classified service and thus
give them life Jobs without passing
the usual examination; Of course they
would all be Democrats. The National
Civil Service Reform League has dis
covered and exposed the trick.
Charles F. Murphy is held indirectly
responsible for the loss of life in the
Binghamton factory fire. Had he per
mitted the State Senate to confirm the
appointment of John Mitchell as State
Labor Commissioner, argues the New
York Globe, this fire might have been
prevented; hence Murphy is to blame.
With a Legislature obeying orders not
to legislate, with a Governor reduced
to Impotence, with the police of the
chief city permeated with graft, New
York under the rule of Murphy and
Barnes, although the richest and most
populous, is the' worst-governed state -In
the Union. The bosses having
failed. It is high time they gave "the
mob" a chance to try its hand. -
Governor Major, of Missouri, pro
claimed two public holidays, on which
he called upon the people to turn out
and work on the public roads. He es-
timates the value of the work thus
done at $1,500,000. Tiie bulk of the
work was probably wasted. If the
people who did it had contributed to
the state the equivalent in cash, after
earning it at their regular occupation
they would have been no-worse off and
the money could have been wisely
spent unaer the supervision of engi
neers In building solid roads of some
permanent value. Governor Major's
methods are those which have given
us bad roads and will never give us
good roads.
- Secretary Bryan's drumstick diplo
macy, as exemplified by the Nieara
guan treaty, has been shelved by the
Senate committee. What measure in
his own Department proposed bv Mr
Bryan has been adopted? He ha had
mich to do with putting free wool in
the tariff, Government banking in the
currency bill and his Democratic
friends in office. In short, he has
been a success at every man's business
except his own.
If anybody else than a good man
uKe tne Disnop of Kerry said tea
drinking was responsible for increase
of lunacy in Ireland he would not-be
believed, for a crazy Irishman is an
anomaly. The true Celt is the great
est optimist on earth; if he were not,
his misfortunes would ' have crazed
him long ago. As it is, lunacy is the
last thing to affect him.
If the Tower "of Pisa should be
straightened, what attraction would
the old city have for tourists? Ithe
blarney stone were to be placed where
everybody could reach it instead of be
ing required to hang head downward
while another person held him by the
heels, who would wish to kiss it?
Freakishness is the attraction in both
cases.
While making Its. farewell tour. Buf
falo Bill's Wild West Show has passed
Into the hands of receivers. The Brook
lyn Eagle truly observes that there is
no longer a wild West and that there
fore there la no reason for a wild West
show. The once wild West will now
compare favorably for orderliness with
the not too cultured East.
The plans of the International Har
vester Company for an exhibit of Its
products at the Panama-Pacific Fair
will be an exposition in itself that will
more than offset the lack of anything
from a few foreign nations.
The proposed trip of the Fire De
partment Band across the continent
will certainly show many Easterners
that the Portland they do not know is
in Oregon.
From a distance of a" few thousand
miles it looks like the Monroe Doc
trine could be made. to envelop Castro
in its folds to good advantage.
If spots on the sun are responsible
for rise in temperature, one can join
with Shakespeare in his command to
"Out, damned spot!"
Do women really want the ballot?
Xhe armless woman who marks her
ticket with her toes is sufficient an
swer unto the scoffer.
Save all the pedigreed babies for the
State Fair.
The forecaster may yet realize his
hope. - ,
Vacation Ode
' By Dean Collins.
Good-bye. everybody: I'm goina: jiwav
Out into the open to frolic and play
1 ve shut my typewriter and nailed
down the lid,
And dug my old -boots from the place
where they hid.
My corduroy pants.and fny soft-collared
shirt, a
My hat that is old and disfigured with
dirt;
My fishing pole's down from the place
wnere it stood
iiooa-oye, everybody; I'm off for the
wood. ,
While men in tne
' and cross ' '
city grow peevish
I'll lie In the shade with my heels in
the moss,
And watch the grasshopper clack by in
his flight.
And let the mosquito perch on me and
Due,
And up through trie pillared fir. plumey
and high, .
Til glimpse with a gasp the keen blue
of the sky,
I'll Joke with the chipmunk -and jest
ax ina 3ay
Goodbye, everybody; I'm going to play,
Oh, black as a coal is my well-seasoned
oriar, .
M strong are the puffs from its
throat that aspire;
'TIs not such a pipe as a. man dares to
light
If weak-nostriled people be gathered
in signt;
But out in the woods I may puff at it
tree.
It's death to mosaultses and tonic to mo
The blackest of plug In its bowl I shall
POKC
woou-Dye. everybody; I'm going to
smoke. ,
My brothers, the bear and the cougar
Will know me perhaps there's no rea
son to fear;
ne blood of the hunt is the least of
my wish,
I seek but to loaf and to smoke and
to iisn,
And draw from the earth and the fresh
Renewal of faith in my own fellow-men,
u iei an my troubles slip softly
, " t j
Goodbye, everybody: I'm going to play.
v w 11. AC I II V T Aumvia
m
Some One Sfconld Initiate Movement to
CbeclE Waste on Armament.
- " J .J LUIS
r.ul tor. ) T have heen o-reotw - -j
ouoiurt. mass.. -.Tiil v 9fl t 1.-
I rr.1.' J l;c"
1.1 j. no uregonian-s criticism of my
' " . uubi. 01 peace under
arms (reprinted in the Boston Trans
cript July 21), which, though you do
not wholly aocept my reasoning, was
TA7171 - .
.. ... t"'"i" me to call attention
u v-uo i;t. mat i nowhere suggest com
plete general disarmament, nor reduc
tion of armament by any single nation,
nor, in fact, action of ri-iv Vir,i- t
only set forth the figures and express
"'f "v"o" mat greater mutual conn
dence would relieve the, tnin
I quite agree with you,that Germany
could not safely have disarmed after
,'j oouDt if any single nation
uUUiU, ltn security to Itself,-set the
example of even partial disarmament
are right, too, from vour
viewpoint, in saying that the nations
euvernea oy tneir reason, but so
Ijthink am I, in my statement that
"". no- viewing -each nation
singly, it is true. Any one of the six
great nations of Europe (England be-
'"6 luuuueai wouia -nave cause for
fear were it the onlv one unarmed an
would be correspondingly unwise if It
moai-mea; outiji mink you will agree
that International common sense ought
iu au10 iu una a way out of the
existing situation, and that in falling
to make any vigorous effort to do this
the nations are. as a combined whole.
8"vernea Dy otner forces than reason.
The danger from barbaroun nH
barbarous nations and a certain degree
"i. 6Hiiimn suspicion or even our so
civilized neighbors probably
throws the day of comolete diaarTna.
ment well Into the future, but we may
"""" ana see the wisdom of
ample preparation for defense, and still
deny the need of the lavish prepara
tions, which, great as they are, grow
mror year oy year, with no resulting
What does it avail Germanv tn In
crease her army, if Russia, Austria and
France do the same, or to increase her
neet lr ureat Britain, responds by
corresponding enlargement? When we
reason about it, it appears so fatuous
that we have no option but to agree
with Puck as to the ineffable t folly of
uivi una.
xne rollowing thoughts of Lloyd
George, taken from the quotation given
at the close of the text of my pamphlet
summarize my ideas:
1. The increase, or diminution in
armaments is not dependent on the
will of the individual government that
initiates the expenditure, but depends
on the competitive will of a number nf
great nations.
2. Armaments pmint fnr 1 ..
mo. most sterile Increase in e-twei-n-
mental expenditure.
3. There seems no DrosDect of thin
very menacing growth coming to an
end unless there is some fundamental
change ,ln the attitude and policy of
me iiuiivna or tne earth.
The -responsible- reoresentativen nf
the other great nations exnresia them
selves substantially to the same ef-
reci. -iney all deplore the jrreat post
of armaments, but regard them as a
necessary evil and see no prospect of
reducing them, the stock argument h.
ing that they are guaranties of peace.
ino aouDt tnis has a basis in truth.
but it does not seem a valid argument
for constant general increase, nor
against general reduction. As atrafnst
one another the great nations would
seemingly be Just as -well protected by
one-half or one-quarter their present
military and naval organizations, and
there should be enough wisdom some
where to initiate a combined move to
check the present costly competition.
ARTHUR W. ALLEN.
JIMMI'S.PAL.
(Dedicated to the fresh air movement 1
I never saw a little Dig.
(I've hea'rn of "em before).
And mooly cows 'n all them things
PThey flap their wings an' crow' a bit.
An- lay an egg or two,
N then they all just stand around
With notnin' more to do.
The lady here is awful good,
&he gives me pie 'n cake.
(I ate so much the other day
I got the stummick ache.)
But, say! I Just wish Jim was
'long,
(Jim aln t got no legs).
Jimmy ain't so awful strong.
But Jimmy never begs:
Jimmy he's my pal, you bet:
He's one they haven't found. '
Or maybe they just didn't get
Nougn money to go round.
J. M. T.
Cos of a State Building.
Chicago Tribune.
Stranger ' (looking at state buildlne
at great exposition) And it cost
S75.008 td- Dut ud this lnsie-niftVant
structure! You astonish me. Attendaat
Oh, dear. no! That was merely the
sum the state paid for it.
Reassuring a Relative.
Boston Transcript.
Old Aunt (despondently) Well, I
shall not be a -nuisance to you much
longer. Nephew (reassuringly) Don't
talk like that, aunt; you know you
will.
WAYS OF THEIXrIAX RELATED
Defense of Tribal Customs Entered by
Former Government Agent.
PORTLAND, Aug. S. (To the Editor)
In The Oregonian a few days ago I
saw in large display type the follow
ing: "Indian Dances Forbidden' Medi
cine Men Said to Have Too Much In
fluence Over Chippewas L. F. Michel.
U. S. Inspector for the Indian Office
at Washington, D. C, Has so Decided."
Any man that has made a study of
Indians and their religion, together
with their ways of life and their so
cial customs, that would permit such
an order as that go unchallenged,
should, at least, be severely censured.
A man that would make an order of
that nature, is not qualified to hold
the office of Indian Inspector.
. He informs the public that it is a
custom of these Indians to give away
practically everything they have to
their medicine men. In proportion to
the population, the Indians have one
Indian doctor, where white men have
ten. The compensation that is paid to
the Indian doctors is not equal to the
amount paid to any one of our white
doctors. The Indian lector makes no
charge for his services, r He accepts
anything that the friends of the sick
Indian think best to give him.
Mr. Mltchel informs us that the In
dians are really impoverished by giv
ing everything they have to their
medicine men. Such a statement as
that is not worthy of consideration.
He also says that the Indian doctors
exert such an influence over the In
dians that they will not go to the
agency physician, even when they are
seriously ill. I often attend meetings
at the Christian Science Church, where
I hear statements of that same nature.
Why doesn't the Indian Office issue
orders like it did many years ago? I
was ordered to stop the rations of the
Indians if they would not attend the
white man's church. But, thanks to
Carl Schurz, Secretary of the Interior,
me oraer was countermanded.
I would most resDectfullv ask nar.
mission to refute statements that are
calculated to prejudice the public
asarasi our native Americans.
a irst, it has been a custom among
the native Americans from time im
memorial, to have an annual gather
ing of their tribes or clans, which oc
curs every year in the seventh full
moon. That gathering is, in a way,
like unto our Christmas iratherinira
The men and women, yes. and even the
children, prepare presents for months
ahead that they wish to give to their
irienas. just the same spirit is mani
fested that we show at the Christmas
tide.
They go loaded with presents to
these annual gatherings, and they re
turn home in the same way. The
greatest delight that an Indian has is
to give and receive presents. In that
way he manifests that spirit of love
that pervades in their hearts. It is not
right to give out such a statement, that
everything is given to the medicine
men. They give to them in times of
sickness, the same as we are supposed
to pay our doctor bills.
One word in regard to the health of
the Indians. I will admit that many
are dying of tubercular trouble and
syphilis, but I can say that thev never
knew such diseases until white men
came among them. When white people
get sick they adopt the ways of the
Indian to affect a permanent cure. We
go to the sea shore and the mountains,
remove our surplus clothing, eat and
sleep like an Indian, use nature's
remedies and we are strong again. I
would rather see a man with a clean
mind than a clean shirt. The Indian
had no word in his language, before
the advent of the white men, that he
could use to curse the Supreme Being
(Great Spirit). He knew nothing of
intoxicating drink until white men in
troduced it in their country. Their
wives and daughters were pure and
virtuous; they were as little children,
happy and simple in their ways. Their
religion was the same as the Eiiann
of 2000 years ago: Mine is thine and
thine is mine' they held everything in
common.
Agency physicians are oftentimes
young me"h- right out of our colleges
who" take the place to get practice. At
one time in tne '70s my agency phy
sician reported to me that smallpox
had broken out at our agency. He
wanted some vaccine to vaccinate all
the Indians on the reservatinn. A T
nad some 8000 Indians there, anrt thev
positively refused to let the white doc
tor put any of the white man's nnlann
into xneir Diood, i thought best to
consult with one of their doctors. He
miormed me tnat It was a false rannrt-
that it was what thev called the
scabby-horse disease: that when Snrino-
o.uio aim his people could get fresh
roois to mane tea of, and fresh pum
blosh they all would get well.
ence later on .proved that he was right.
x ne cnange - tnat the native Ameri
cans are passing through, trying to
adopt the ways of the white man, is
ruling- mem orr very last. I urge
upon me readers of our newspapers
and magazines, do not allow reports of
that nature to prejudice you against
cue native American.
CICERO NEWELL,
Late United States Indian Agent.
Dog Referendam Proposed.
PORTLAND. Aug. -3. (To the Edi
tor.) As the dog question seems to be
a live issue -in Portland at the nres-
ent time, I feel at liberty to say a few
words on the subject. Who will sav
that the presence of dogs in the city
are or any special Denefit to anvone
except perhaps to amuse a few doa-
lanciers r nni everyone Knows, though
some are not willing to admit it. that
dogs are a detriment and a nuisance in
city, for reasons perfectly familiar
to an.
The dog Is not to blame. But If vou
complain to tne owner or the dog, you
au once nave a row on your hands.
Consequently, we are inclined to toler
ate the nuisance rather than have
quarrel with our neighbor.
1 suggest that it be left to a vote of
tne people whether or not dogs shall
be allowed to roam at will over the
city. Dogs are all right in their nlace.
but the city is not the place for them.
SUBSCRIBER.
Child Labor Law.
PORTLAND. Aug-- 3. (To the Edi
tor.) (1) Does Oregon's child labor
aw apply to children working at home
with their parents?
(2) What is the present population
of Portland?
(3) Where Is the new postoffice site?
J. J. S.
(1) Children .working at home, sim
ply at housework or "chores," do not
come under the provisions of the child
labor law, but the law applies even to
home work, where it touches the in
dustrial field, as in the case of children
assisting in piece work, sewing brought
home and done for factories or outside
employers, and similar lines of work.
(2) According to 1910 census, 207,214.
(S) Block S, bounded by Glisan, Hoyt,
Park and Broadway.
Nuisance Endured for' Years.
PORTLAND, Aug. 3. (To the Edi
tor.) I wish to help S. B. but in giv
ing a little more light on the "bad odor"
annoying the people of North Port
land. As he says, it is foul, and has
been a nuisance for many years, a well
known fact by old residents, but beins"
Just outside the city limits has been
allowed to run, and the people owning
their homes Just inside the city limits
must put up with it.
The time to investigate Is when the
factory starts up to cook. Then, God
help any one with a weak stomach. A
few mornings ago my little boy said:
Oh. papa, 1 cant eat no breakfast:
somefing smells so bad." And it was
bad. At times it is almost unbearable.
and spreads for several blocks. It Is
certainly a very important fact to look
Into.
A RESIDENT OF NORTH PORTLAND.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonian of August- 4. 1863.
The company recently recruited bj
Captain John F. Noble, being now full,
will be mustered into the service oi
the United States tomorrow at Van
couver asCompany G of the First Reg.
iment ot Oregon Cavalry. The officers,
commissioned by Governor Gibbs. are,
besides Captain Noble. H. C. Small as
First-Lieutenant and William H. Hand.
Second-Lieutenant.
The Treasury Department is now
having built six fast steam outters for
the revenue service, of which two ara
designed for the Pacific Coast. Lieu
,Merriman, formerly of the
Shubrlck will probably be sent out to
cutters0 0aSt ln ons ot th8 new'
Missouri is to be a free state. The
Das8edCnnVe0n' rece"y i" session.
Sfhilh ordinance of emancipation.
TiervP. T Vl?es for the cessation or
July? 1870 Missouri on the Fourth of
i-Dr. J. M. Drew has been appointed
commissioner of enrollment and Dr
Wilson Bowbly examining surgeon
under the provisions of the conscription
act. The first is a member of the State.
Senate from Coos and Curry counties
the latter represents Washington and
adjacent counties ln the same body.
Our Umatilla friends" say they -are
suffering for want of a barber, as there
is only one in the place and he charges
atrocious and swindling prices. He
won't use the shears for less than $1,
and it takes 50 cents "to see" a razor.
L. W. Coe. .collector of internal
revenue for the State of'Oregon, has
been appointed by the Secretary of War
receiver of commutation money under
the conscription act from persons who
prefer serving their country with their
purse instead of a musket.
Last evening about 4 o'clock an alarm
of fire was created on Front street, a
quantity of linen having caught fire
ln a bedroom at Mr. Fisher's confec
tionery store. Mr. Fisher's little son
was playing with some matches and ac
cidentally set fire to the clothing, but
the flames were extinguished before
the engines arrived.
Twenty-five Years Ago
From The Oreffonlan of August 4. 18SS.
ASTORIA. Aug. 3. Twenty-eight sal
mon canneries ran this year against 39
last season. It is thought this sea
son's pack will aggregate more than
that of 1887. The Astorlan places the
total pack at 360,820 cases.
San Francisco, Aug. 3.The sudden
departure of W. H. Kinross, director
of the First Presbyterian Cljurch choir,
and the alleged conneclffn of Miss
Addle Cassidy with the case, is- still
the engrossing subject of conversation
in Oakland.
Yesterday closed the preliminary
practice at known distances of the
selected marksmen of the Department
of Columbia, Major Wikoff, inspector
of rifle practice, superintending.
I
Senator J. D. Lee and family are in
camp just above Oswego.
The case of C. T. Battelle, a ticket
scalper, charged with obtaining money
under false prepenses by selling to
C. G. Fransson a railroad ticket alleged
to be good from this city to Tacoma,
came up in the police court yesterday.
A. D. Charlton, assistant general pas
senger agent of the Northern Pacific,
testified.
The half block on the southeast cor
ner of N and Fifth streets. East Port
land, was bought by John Dicke'nbach
yesterday for $12.500. '- It Is practically
the junction of the four street-car
lines from Holladay's addition. Ste
phens' addition, Sunnyside and Port
land. -A- hotel building will be erected.
ADMIRATION FOR GIRLS OX PICKET
Visitor Thinks Strikers Deserve Credit
for Advance ln Wage.
PORTLAND, Aug. 3. (To the Edi
tor.) I have just read the letter in
your Issue of Augut 2, signed "Mrs.
Zimmerman" in which, speaking of the
girls who did picket duty in the recent
strike, of the Oregon Cannery, she asks
"What have they gained? Who will
respect them?"
I am a visitor in Oregon from another
state, but in answer to Mrs. Zimmer
man's questions I am glad to register
in your columns an expression of my
sincere admiration an respect for the
women and girls, through whose
efforts, courage and self-denial the
late strike was practically won, and a
nine-hour day, with an average wage
of more than double the amount before
paid, was received. The striking girls
on picket duty assumed all the hard
ship and the risk, laid themselves open
to possible personal violence from
charges of mounted police, but Mrs.
Zimmerman and her daughter reap the
benefits of the settlement, which the
Industrial Welfare Commission was
able to wrest from the employers as a
result of the strike.
All honor to the girls on the picket
line, for their action has made possible
better living conditions for working
girls and women, not only in the can
neries, but ip other Industries. They
did heroic service, not for themselves
alone, but for their working sisters
less able than themselves, and in doing
it they have learned a lesson of in
estimable value the value of co-operation,
of standing shoulder to shoulder,
ln a light for human rights.
Mrs. Zimmerman says" the lowest of
animals will protect its young. True, -but
the human mother must learn that
her own children are only really pro
tected when all children are equally
protected, and that what makes pos
sible to every girl and women a decent
living wage and a work day which does
not sap the vitality of the worker, is
the only real protection for her own
daughters, when -they have to take
their place in the industrial world.
CHARLOTTE ANITA WHITNEY.
Where Odor Emanate. .
, PORTLAND, Aug. 3. (To the Edi
tor.) If the health office wants to find
the smell that permeates the atmo
sphere In the vicinity of Kenton and
North Portland Peninsula all he needs
to do is to drive out Columbia boule
vard to Burrage street and walk north
on Burrage street and he will find the
source of the odor.
A. MARMADUKE.
Origin of "Oregon."
PORTLAND. Aug. 3. (To the Edi
tor.) Please Inform me what the name -
of "Oregon" signifies. How did this
state get its name (Oregon)?
BK1STOW.
The origin of the name has never
been established.
The Man of Pills and Bills.
Cleveland Plain Dealer. ,
"You run your automobile very fast
through the streets," 6aid the friend to
the doctor. "Yes, replied the man of
pills and bills; "I'm always In a hurry
to get there, and, besides, when times
are a little dull, I can pick up a few
cases on the way."
Extermination of Mosquitoes. '
Chicago News.
Larry Bedad! Ol don't think much
av this coaloil exterminator for mos
quitoes. Denny Yez don't? Larry
No; it takes too long to dip aich wan
th' oil . separately.