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THE MORmO OREGONIAN. TUESDAY, JUNE 17, 1913.
rORTLAD. OREGOX.
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rOBTLAND, TUESDAY, JUNE 17. 1918.
HOrSTOX'8 COUNTRY MFB fOUCY.
In his own way Secretary of Ag
riculture Houston has taken up the
work of remedying those drawbacks
of country life to which attention
was called by President Roosevelt'
Country Life Commission and which
are largely responsible for the drift
of population cityward. The causes
f rural decadence are more than
economic they are social. They are
the absence of those comforts, pleas
ures, conveniences and necessities
which the rural population has in
other countries and which abound in
the cities.
The cities have been drawing to
themselves not only the farmers'
sons and daughters: they have
drawn the beat teachers, doctors,
preachers and left to the country
those who cannot pass muster In the
cities. They have streets; . the coun
try has mud roads. They have mod
ern, well-equipped schools in which
every conceivable subject is taught;
the country has small, ill-kept, often
unsanitary school houses with a very
limited curriculum and underpaid
teachers. Sanitary science has scored
its successes in the cities until it has
actually made them more healthy
than the country. "Healthy country
boy" used to be a current phrase, but
it no longer fits the facte; "healthy
city boy" Is more appropriate. The
mortality of babies in cities has been
reduced below that In the country.
In our rush to occupy the land we
have spread ourselves too thinly
through the country. Our farms are
so large and often so ill-cultivated
that population is too sparse and tax
able, values are too low to pay the
cost of that first essential of cultiva
tion, good roads, much less those
next essential, good schools and good
churches. Scientific farming means
intensive farming as a general rule,
and that means small farms. Small
farms mean denser population gath
ered together in village units. They
mean greater ability to build good
roads and greater desire for them,
because the man with brains to farm
scientifically is not the type of man
to be content with the mud roads of
his father. For the same reason bet
ter schools, better doctors, better
sanitation, better churches and more
social lntercouse and recreation will
be demanded and will grow up. More
efficient county government will nat
urally follow.
Professor Houston says we have
learned how to produce and now
must learn how to market. For this
he holds organization necessary. To
this end he would organize country
people In units which would provide
good schools, competent doctors,
places of amusement, farmers' banks,
.sanitation, centralized churches in
fact, everything on a email scale
which cities have on a large scale.
Better farming will contribute indi
rectly but powerfully to the realiza
tion of this vision of rural comfort,
happiness and efficiency. It will sub
stitute for the ignorant, prejudiced
farmer who Is suspicious of his neigh
bor a new type of farmer, intelligent,
open-minded, progressive and quick
to see the advantage to himself of
co-operation with his neighbors.
This reorganization of country
life is of as deep interest to city as
to country people, for Professor
Houston truly says that, if the cities
do not co-operate, "they will have to
leave the city and go to farming
themselves in order to obtain the
necessaries of life." Take our own
city as an illustration. If Portland
co-operates in construction of good
roads radiating In all directions, in
the creation of such rural units as
Professor Houston describes. In the
establishment of farmers" banks and
in co-operative marketing with direct
sale to consumers, we shall greatlv re
duce the present exorbitant prices of
rooa products and shall much en
hance farmers' profits. If we pursue
this policy, not only shall we reduce
the cost of living for those who re
main in the cities, but we shall help
to render country life so attractive
that many urban dwellers will be
come farmers, not from necessity, as
-rruiessor Houston suggests, but from
choice.
EXCXCDB TUB CANAL QUESTION.
In opposing the renewal of the ar
bitration treaty with Great Britain
unless the Panama Can
troversy is expressly excepted from its
provisions, senator Chamberlain is de
fending the interests of the United
States from risk of being sacrificed in
a tribunal which psmmt ,.,
biased against the United States. The
arbitration treaty would bind us to
submit to the Hague court differences
of a legal nature or relating to the
interpretation of treaties and thus
might place us under a moral nV.iio--
tlon to submit the toll question to that
inpunaj. ijut every nation which is
a party to the Hague treaty Is a marl
time nation with th o-ron
Switzerland and, therefore, would be
interested in a decision adverse to the
American contention. Mr. Chamber
lain endeavors to save u frnm -mov
ing an agreement under which we
snouia De almost sure to lose.
Since the Hay-Pauncefote treaty
was made, we have concluded a treaty
wun fanama wnereby we agree, a;
part of the consideration for the ces
sion of the canal zone, that vnsseia nt
the Panama government shall have
rree passage through the canal. To
arbitrate the dispute with Great
Britain would be to arbitrate a ques
tion Involving the Interests of a third
party Panama. which is expressly
excluded. Great Britain denies our
right to give Panama's vessels free
passage, although she remained si
lent on the subject for nine years
after our treaty with Panama was
signed.
The diplomatic correspondence
leading up to the signing of the Hay-
Pauncefote treaty shows that there
has been a vital change in the British
interpretation of section 3. Discuss
ing an amendment of the wording of
this section. Lord Lansdowne wrote to
Lord Pauncefote:
His majesty's government was prepared
to accept this amendment.' which seemed
to us equally efficacious for the purpose we
had In view, namely, that of insuring that
Great Britain should not be placed In a less
advantageous position than any other power,
while they stopped short of conferring upon
other nations a contractual right to the
use of the canal.
That shows that all Great Britain
sought to safeguard was most-fa
vored-nation treatment from us, not
the same treatment as we give Amer
ican vessels. It sustains the conten
tion that the words "all nations" were
Intended to cover all nations other
than the United States, not to in
clude the United States. But eleven
years later Sir Edward Grey adopted
a new interpretation, that the words
all nations" include the United
States.
When claims are made after having
been allowed to sleep for so long a
time, and when one of the parties to
the Hay-Pauncefote treaty makes so
radical a change in its interpretation
of that Instrument, we should leave
nothing to Inference, take nothing for
granted. The only safe course is that
proposed by Mr. Chamberlain an ex
press exception of the canal dispute
from the general arbitration treaty.
We may arbitrate it, but not at The
Hague. That would be to accept be
forehand a decision made by the other
party to the suit.
WHO AKE THEY?
Any person or corporation or company or
association who shall cause the referen
dum to be invoked. on any measure adopted
Dy tne legislature through the employment
of hired solicitors or through a paid attorney.
or otnerwiso by means or money or other
consideration ' of value Bhall before the cir
culation of such petitions file for record his
name and address and the names and ad
dresses of his associates and attorney or at
torneya with tha Secretary of State: 1 and
after the petitions have been filed, the
amounts paid the solicitors, attorneys or
others engaged In the plan for a referen
dum m any professional capacity shall also
be filed with the Secretary of State. Fail
ure to comply with the provisions of this
act shall be deemed a felony and shall be
punisnea with a one of S100O to 810,000 and
by Imprisonment In tha state prison from
one to ten years.
The next Legislature ought to pass
some such act. It would tend to end
the cowardly and infamous business
of holding' up laws through the ref
erendum by means of paid agents or
attorneys, while the principals remain
unknown.
Mr. Parkison says the casualty
companies are behind the referendum
of the compensation act. The casu
alty companies say they are not. We'll
let it go at that.
But some one, or several some ones.
have been enough Interested in de
feating the law or in delaying its op
eration, as the case may be, to ex
pend a considerable sum of money to
hire serviceable agents to procure the
referendum. Who are they?
SCHOOL, DIRECTOR PX.UMSIEB.
Mr. Plummer has been elected a
school director by an emphatic vote
more than two to one. The verdict is
all the more remarkable In view of the
strong appeal made to the public on
the ground that his opponent was a
woman and that there should be a
woman on the School Board. It is
Impossible to deny the cogency of the
argument, but it is' significant that in
an election participated In largely by
women, it had no apparent influence.
Mrs. Kerr was known, to be a quali
fied candidate but Mr. Plummer was
preferred, undoubtedly because of his
record of valuable work in child wel
fare and kindred lines and for his
long and useful service to the public
schools themselves. It is probably not
too much to eay that Mr. Plummer
was elected by the women, who have in
the two elections in Portland shown
discriminating Judgment, following
careful investigation of conditions and
facts.
Mr. Plummer is an acquisition to
the School Board. He is in harmony
with the plans of Superintendent
Alderman and he has practical ideas
of his own which he will seek to have
adopted. The outlook for greater serv
ice to the children In the Portland
public schools was never so good.
BACK TRACK. OF PROGRESSIVES.
New Tork, like Oregon, recently
enacted a law especially designed to
give Progressives an opportunity to
participate in elections as a political
party- Oregon's law relied on vol
untary action by the members of the
new party. That Is, they had no
other notice of the opportunity to
register as Progressives than the pub
lished announcements of the enact
ment of the law. The meagerness
of registration by Progressives has
heretofore been cited. In New York,
however, special enrollment blanks
have- been sent through the mails by
the Board of Elections for the sole
benefit of persons desiring to be en
rolled as Progressives. The New
York Evening Post relates that while
87,000 votes were cast In New Tork
City for the Progressive candidate for
Governor, only 2 500 voters had up to
the date of publication enrolled as
Progressives under the provisions of
the new law.
The official figures on the vote for
candidates in the May municipal pri
maries in Portland repeat the show
ing of absence of that vibrant interest
in radical progress, which but shortly
before led the National Progressive
Convention to prayer offering and
psalm singing. The Republican vote
on mayoralty nomination was more
than double the vote cast for Mr.
TaTt in November, but the Progres
sive vote, regardless of the fact that
there was an interesting contest for
the mayoralty nomination, dwindled
to about one-sixth of the vote that
had been given Colonel Roosevelt.
The Democrats, who had no contest.
on the other hand, polled for their
lone candidate nearly one-third of the
vote cast for Mr. Wilson.
If these were Isolated examples the
decline of the Progressive party move
ment would not be clearly indicated,
but the return to old party alignment
is general. In Chicago. Colonel
Roosevelt received more than twice
as many votes in November as did
President TaXt, but in the Spring
municipal election the Progressive
party showed a strength only one-
iourtn as great as the Republican. In
St. Louis the Progressives in the
fc.pr.ing election polled only 4164 votes,
although 125,000 were cast and Col
onel Roosevelt had received 25,000
in the preceding Fall election. In
Michigan, wh,ere Colonel Roosevelt
led both Mr. Taft and Mr. Wilson by
more than 60,000 votes, the Progres
sive candidates for Supreme Judge
ran a poor third In April.
Boston ow exhibits a party enroll
ment of Republicans and Democrats
greater than the respective totals
polled for candidates for President
and Governor in 1912, but the Pro
gressive enrollment Is about one-thirtieth
of that cast for Colonel Roose
velt and about one-twentieth of that
polled by the Progressive candidate
for Governor last Fall. -.
The Progressive party platform was
certainly broad enough in 6cope to
give those who adhered to it for sake
of principle no cause to abandon the
party In state or municipal elections.
The excuse that the party tenets had
been adopted by the other parties
might be argued in respect to some
of the illustrations given, but cer
tainly not as to Michigan, where
Colonel Roosevelt delivered a special
plea for the overthrow of the old
personnel of the bench because of the
court's decision on a ballot question.
But if what the Progressives deem re
form in tha old parties be the cause of
the rapidly diminishing strength of
the new party, it naturally may be ex
pected to exert a similar influence in
National campaigns. The fact that
the party is disintegrating seems un
disputable. Recent history promises
that it will ere long be only a more
or less fragrant memory.
CIVIL WAR STATISTICS.
The Newberg Graphic, in its Issue
for June 12, has published some ex
tremely Interesting statistics of the
Civil War. Naturally few new facts
are given, for It has become almost
Impossible to discover anything re
lating to the great conflict which has
not been unearthed a long time. But
it is profitable to revive our recollec
tion of old facts.
For example, the Graphic reverts to
a point that was familiar to every
body once but has now perhaps
slipped out of memory for most of us.
"Antietam, Cold Harbor, Gettysburg,
were fought and won," It says, "by
schoolboys, by lads really but 17, 16
and sometimes but 15 years old." Al
lowing for some pardonable enthusi
asm in this statement it does not de
part too far from the truth.
Toward the middle period of the
war when things began to look pretty
black for the Union cause thousands
of boys in the Northern states felt
called to give their Uvea for their
country. The legal age limit for en
listment might have deterred them in
a less lofty mood, for, as the Graphio
says, they were only schoolboys, but
before their determination to sacrifice
themselves In a great cause it did not
prove to be much of an obstacle.
The Graphic reverts to another point
of profound Interest. "The Civil War,"
it says, "was the greatest and most
sanguinary in modern history. During
this war more men were killed and
wounded than Great Britain has lost
in all Its wars since William the Con
queror." The actual loss in killed
upon the field was 67,058, while 199,
72 0 died of disease.
This terrible mortality from sick
ness would not be permitted in up-to-
date campaigning. Sanitary methods
have been so much improved even
since our Spanish War that the perils
of camp life are greatly diminished.
Nothing was known of the typhoid
serum in the Civil War. Indeed, it
had not then been discovered that this
filth disease is propagated by the
housefly. Hence the soldiers were ex
posed to it without protection. Military
hygiene is one of the most modern of
the arts.
Perhaps the Japanese were the first
to apply it In perfection, but no na
tion would now dare to neglect it.
DR. BRIGGS, THE HKKKTTC
Professor Charles A. Briggs was one
of the best-known theologians in the
United States, but he was known not
so much for his real scholarship as
for his imaginary heresies. The news
of his death no doubt reminded ten
persons of his trial and condemnation
before the Presbyterian General As
sembly in 1893 to one who thought of
him as a profound thinker and a pi
oneer in the methods of the Higher
Criticism. The points of doctrine upon
which Dr. Briggs was accused of her
esy were more or less obviously
hatched up for the occasion. The real
opposition to him arose because he
stood for a new order of things In the
American churches. Up to Briggs'
time they had been established upon
an ignorant tradition of the literal In
spiration and verbal infallibility of the
Bible. This tradition was ignorant be
cause It never had been accepted by
the true scholars of the church, either
Protestant or Catholic. Luther made
ducks and drakes of it and so did Cal
vin. The elder branch of the church
had always made the Bible subordin
ate to the indwelling spirit which ex
presses Itself in well-known ways.
But American theologians, deliber
ately setting aside the better scholar
ship on which the church might have
rested securely, had preferred a foun
dation which tottered before every
new phase of criticism and which
dreaded historic discovery as its worst
enemy. Dr. Briggs sought to reform
this perilous situation'. In his opinion
truth was to-be accepted, no matter
what effect it might have upon tradi
tional views of the Scriptures and he
found a way, or thought he did, to
harmonize all that' science and criti
cism had. to offer with the ancient doc
trines of the creed. The infallibility
of the Bible was not an ancient doc
trine of this sort and so he was per
fectly willing to let it go. In spite of
the common belief that Dr. Briggs was
a radical he was in fact a theological
conservative, one of the most lm
movable of our times. He was pro
gressive only in standing for new free
dom in investigation, but he was
steadfastly resolved that Investigation
never should shake the faith as he had
received it from the fathers.
What the General Assembly actuallv
did was to turn this great scholar out
of the Presbyterian church for teach
ing that Moses did not write the Pen
tateuch; that "errors may have ex
isted in the original text of the Scrip
tures," and similar puerilities. The
Hebrews, whose geniuses wrote our
Scriptures, never claimed that they
were inerrant and certainly they were
the best authorities on the subject. As
for the authorship of the Pentateuch,
It would have been wise to prove that
such a man as Moses ever lived be
fore deciding autocratically what
books he wrote. But the men who
haled Dr. Briggs before them were
determined to condemn him, as Is us
ually the ease In heresy trials, and
anything served their turn. Presby
terian ministers now preach his here
sies as a matter of everyday Christian
doctrine and nobody bothers them. We
dare say most of his prosecutors ac
cepted the worst of his "errors" be
fore they died and set themselves up
as originators of them. That is the
common rule In such matters.
The cause which Dr. Briggs had
most at Jieart during his long life of
ardent research was Christian unitv.
He even went so far as to contend that
a union might be brought to pass be
tween the Protestants and Catholics.
He was ready to accept the Pope as
titular head of Christendom, but not
to allow him quite so much authority
as he actually has. This may have
been a vain imagination but it shows
the catholicity of his mind. He also
taught that the probation of sinners
might very well continue in the next
world. . It Is difficult for a sensible
person to understand -why it should
not, but many Protestants have made
a great point of believing that all hope
for the "unregenerate" ceases at
death, attributing a sort of magic po
tency to that event which is warranted
neither by the Scriptures nor the
early church nor by reason. We sup
pose they made much of it in order
to emphasize their break with the
Catholics, who allow poor humans an
other season of grace in purgatory. Dr.
Briggs insisted upon the fundamental
points where all believers agree and
minimized the differences which break
them up into sects and defeat much of
their usefulness. Perhaps it was for
this reason, among others, that the
church machine of his day war so
eager to get rid of him. It is the ma
chines of the sects more than any mo
mentous difference of doctrines, that
prevent their uniting.
The fiddling naval policy of our Lit
tle American Administration contrasts
with the promptness and decision with
which the British government acts.
No sooner did the Canadian Senate re
ject Premier Borden's bill providing
a contribution to the Imperial navy
than the British Admiralty announced
that construction of three proposed
new battleships would begin at once
instead of next March. There was no
waiting for a Parliamentary commit
tee to report and for Parliament to
debate and pass a bill. The necessity
no sooner arose than the programme
already adopted was changed to meet
it. Money is saved in this manner.
England knows that ships can be built
more cheaply In triplicate than one
at a time, and, knowing that three are
needed, builds them. Japan does like
wise, for that country now has four
ships of the same class building in
English yards, besides three more In
home yards. When the time to use
their navies arrives, these nations will
be- ready, while we shall not unless
our oratorical patriots change their
minds or are displaced in time.
As the reports go, a bitter hatred
is being fomented in South America
against the United States. Part of it
is stirred up by our trade rivals.
principally the Germans, who have a
big colony In Brazil and are rapidly
making a commercial conquest of the
continent. Moving pictures are used
to depict the "grasping, tricky Tan
kee" in all his depravity, and of
course they produce an effect. The
worst of it is that our Southern neigh
bors regard the Monroe Doctrine as a
pretext for meddlesomeness and sub
tle aggression. This feeling gives the
Germans an opportunity which they
are swift to improve.
There is pretty general agreement
that a close connection exists between
"the vice problem" and the home dis
cipline of children or the lack of it.
This feeling has led to a demand in
many places for curfew laws to keep
children off the streets at night. Such
laws have been enacted in many
places, but it seems that parents com
plain when officers enforce them. In
other words, there are numerous par
ents who want their children on the
streets at night. It would be Instruc
tive to learn what proportion of our
delinquents have parents of that sort
: There ought to be enough artistic
originality in Portland to arrange a
Rose Festival that shall symbolize the
real genius of the state and city. Such
a festival, once devised, might be re
peated on the same general plan from
year to year and would never grow
tiresome. The details would need re
vision each season, but not the broad
outlines. It should Include, among
otner things, a historic pageant, fire
works on the water and a great mu
sical programme. Whatever is done
should be done well.
Since the term of Army service has
been extended to seven years, of
which three are passed in the reserve
enlistments have fallen off. This sus.
tains the wisdom of General Wood's
recommendation that the 'term be
shortened, the men being furloughed
two out of the three years of service.
Americans do not generally enter the
Army as a. career, except as officers.
Admiral Pftarv fa hpincr i nr, .r- f
Europe as discoverer of the North
Pole more than rh TTnlteI Rtnto nvo
honored him. His controversy with
ur. vjook gave tne American people i
distaste for the vhola .ouhioot an a
while Admiral Pearv was rprnirnlori
as the true- discoverer, his conduct did
not place his character in a favorabl
light.
Georgia, one of the states which re
fused to ratify the direct election
amendment, will be the first state to
elect a Senator under that amend
ment. A special election of a succes
sor to Senator Bacon will be held in
July, but he will be elected practi
cally without opposition.
The American Medical Association,
now meeting at Minneapolis, is pro
testing against division of fees to se
cure business. The protest is right.
Any man who would do such a thing
snouia nave his union card taken
away.
So vacancies In Consulships are to
be filled by the rules of civil service,
when they can, according to Mr
Bryan. The hungry Democrat will see
a ray of hope attached to the string.
Says '52' to 47: "You don't look a
day older than when you forded the
Platte at Julesburg and camped that
night at Chimney Rock."
If the referendum fellows will dis
agree enough and plenty, the rest of
the state will give them aid and com
fort-
It seems hardly possible that the
Oregon Naval Militia is off on a peace
ful cruise, yet such is the fact.
Perhaps if Queen Mary kept cases
on the kitty she would not be so rigid
in her rules against gambling.
The idea of making an American
fortress of an extinct crater In Hawaii
will make the nations laugh.
Seismic disturbance In the Balkans
means that even Nature is dissatisfied
with results.
Why -not begin now to make Port
land the convention, city of the years
to comet .
JOY OVER. ADVENT OF EW RULE"
Memphis Paper Says Citizens Now Get
the Fall Worth of Their Money.
Memphis Commission Government.
Has it ever occurred to you that
Memphis is getting a great deal more
work out of her public servants under
commission government than ever be
fore in the history of the city?
Maybe you are one of the many who
still cling to the old idea that- "public
office is a private snap." Perhaps you
iook upon (he man who works for the
city as being something of a parasite,
clinging to the fattening off the body
politic and yielding little in return.
.Better visit the city hall some day
and get that idea out of your head.
won't let us know beforehand that
you are coming.
Come right in without knocking, and
we believe you will go out the same
way.
None of the haphazard methods which
thrived under the old bicameral form
of government are In vogue now at the
city hall. It Is doubtful If there is
a business corporation anywhere that
comes nearer getting value received
from Its employes than does the city
of Memphis under commission govern
ment. jor is the city a tyrannical boss.
Mayor Crump believes In Davintr (rood
salaries and demanding good work In
return.
When the old order of things pre
vailed the city hall would allow no
bank or postofflce to outdo it in taking
holidays. And many occasions of which
those institutions took no cognizance
were eagerly seized upon as a pretext
for closing the front doors and allow
ing the boys to go fishing.
A city employe would have probablv
been mistaken for a burglar if he
showed up at the city hall before 10
o'clock in the morning or remained on
auty after 8 o'clock In the afternoon.
It was figured that anybody who was
smart enough to land one of those "soft
snaps" was smart enough to "earn"
his salary in that time, and it mat
tered little whether or not the city's
business was properly looked after.
That has all been changed under
commission government.
Ask the first city employe you meet
what time he got "on the Job" this
morning.
It makes no difference whether that
man be the Mayor or whether he be
one of the "white wings" of the street
cleaning department, it's dollars to
doughnuts you will find that he was at
work by 8 o'clock.
Ask him when he last took a holi
day. He will tell you now that last ChriBt
mas day was the last one, and that he
was working hard to earn another on
the Fourth of July. These, with Thanks
giving day, are the only occasions
which commission government recog
nizes as appropriate for general holi
days. A visit of inspection to the city hall
would open wide the eyes of Mem
phlans who have not been here since
commission government took charge of
the city's affairs something over three
years ago.
SCHOOL HOUSES BY PARCEL POST.
IT. S. Bureaus of Education Sending; Oat
Cardboard Models.
Sending cardboard models of school
houses by parcel post is the latest de
vice of the United State Bureau of
Education for arousing interest in at
tractive school buildings at low cost
for rural communities. The models
are made to fold flat and are shipped
by mall to local authorities, normal
schools and other agencies for use dur
ing a limited period. A number have
already been sent to points in the West
and Southwest.
Models for one, two and four-room
schools are provided. The buildings
are planned especially for rural com
munities where low cost is the first
essential. They represent the very lat
est ideas In school architecture; they
are usually attractive to look at; they
are up to the minute In hygienic ar
rangements; yet they are within the
means of the smallest communities.
The buildings were designed by Dr.
P. B. Dresslar, specialist in school
hygiene of the Bureau of Education,
and then worked over by two well
known firms of school architects.
Cooper & Bailey, of Boston, and W. B.
Ittner, of St. Louis. The models show
ail the details, within and without,
and they are constructed to scale. Full
directions accompany them.
It is believed that these models will
be of great assistance to school author
ities In small rural communities who
cannot afford to engage a school archi
tect, yet are ambitious to have their
schoolhouse up to date In every par
ticular. With one of these models to
work from. Dr. Dresslar assert,- any
carpenter will be able to build a school
house for his district that will meet
every modern requirement.
HERRING CHOICE EASTERN CANAL
Delaware and Chesapeake Steamers Are
Killing; Flan by Thousand.
Philadelphia Record.
The run of herring in the Delaware
& Chesapeake Canal has been so great
that the progress of steamers through
the locks has been materially impeded.
Many of the vessels that pass through
the canal on the . way to and from
Philadelphia and Baltimore are of such
dimensions that their sides scrape the
walls of the locks. As a result, thou
sands of herring are killed with the
passage of each steamer.
Residents of Delaware City and of
Chesapeake City have seized the op
portunity to reduce the cost of living
and have already caught many tons of
the herring. They are so plentiful in
the canal locks that a continual splash
ing sound, is audible from their move
ments. Frequently numbers of the fish
attempt to leap over the lock gates
and In several Instances they have
been reported as Jumping so high out
of the water as to land on the decks
of passing craft.
Several establishments for salting
and smoking the herring have risen
overnight along the route of the canal
and large sums of money have been
put into the projects. The Investors
are confident of reaping splendid prof
its, predicting that the price of meats
will go still higher and fish will come
into much greater use as food. Other
plants are working at full blast grin-ding
the fish to produce oil and selling
the residue to phosphate manufactur
ers. . "
ROSE SHOW IS CHIEF FEATURE
Visitor Sees Mistake la Subordinating:
It to Parades.
PORTLAND, June 16. (To the Edi
tor.) Being a "comparative stranger"
in Portland, perhaps my perspective as
such may be of interest to the com
mentators on the Rose Show and Festi
val. It seems to me that Portland's Rose
Festival suffers from overadvertls
lng. "A good wine needs no bush."
The world flocked to Oberammergau
when its "Passion Play" was purely a
local religious affair. It was spoiled
by overadvertising and commercial
ism. The Rose Show in the Armory was
wonderful to one who has lived in
the East. The pretentious parades add
but little to what nature has done for
your city. Why not make the yearly
celebration one for Portlanders a rose
exhibit with adequate prizes for ex
hibits. If the finest roses In the world
are shown in.. Portland the world will
soon know it and will flock to Port
land to see them. .
A . rose show as a side issue to a
series of parades will not appeal a
second time to tourists from the East.
They have pretty fair parades, both
land and naval, themselves. They do
not and cannot have your rose shows
IL PARKER.
WORLD ALLIANCE TOLD OF OREGON
Oregon Delegate Addresses Interna
tional Gathering of Suffragists.
The following address by Mrs. Clara
Beurck Colby, Oregon representative at
the International Woman's Suffrage
Alliance, was delivered in German at
Budapest, June 15:
"Women of the World:
"Thirty-three years ago I first at
tended a woman suffrage convention.
Since then I have been at such gath
erings many times, but this is the first
muo imvo o-iiouuTO as a citizen or a
una wnere women nave the vote. My
tate ftf Orecnn la . i ;
-" vm. l ii a uiuc
states in which women have obtained
their franchise and the Governor of
Oregon has delegated me to represent
me int9 m mis congress.
"Oregon first voted on the question
of woman suffrage in 1884 and four
-- -in: it IMlUpLCa it 1U
1912. The initiative and referendum
naving oeen aoopted In 1904, it was
DOSSlblA tO haVA tha niioatlvn' . . . V.
- . ...u ..V J V.U1. u b U
fore the voters at J n V n oral Alskftlfin
by securing the signatures of a cer-
' voters to a petition for
that action. When it was defeated the
women would not take no for an an
swer, and f h A rrtt.r. oDW i i j
OA v wittjt LUU1U
not get rid of the question.
in xaiu tne ballot was given the
women of Washington, on the north
of us, and in 1911 to the women of
i-nmurma, on tne south of us. Idaho,
on tha east, hul hurt
since 1895. Thus we were surrounded
by voting women and there was no
question ror Oregon
men save bv iumnino- i.,. , .
- - - - 1 iw inn rdcnic
Ocean, and even that was not a safe
". " ny came up on the
other side they would find women
voting and sitting in parliament in
China, so they began to look upon the
matter f-s a great forward movement
which they must consider serlously
"One thing that helped us to buc
cess was that many people had come
into Oregon from states where women
vote. Here is something that every
country where women have not the
ballot should consider, for it answers
every objection that Is brought against
woman suffrage. When the measure
has once been adopted it is speedily
favored by all except those whose
vicious Interests are endangered by it
The corrupt politician, the white slave
trafficker, the employer of child labor,
may be relied nn t r nnnnc ... r. ... .
I . J OUl.
frage as long as they dare. But In the
i experience ail honest objec
tions and doubts disappear like dew
before the morning sun. Therefore,
those who had tried it helped to win it
in Oregon. Men voted for It and
women worked for it as those who
would win back a cherished birthright
of which they had been deprived
"The territory of Alaska having this
year, by Its first Legislature, enacted
woman suffrage, the women along the
whole western border of the United
States have no longer to spend time
a.nl.eny m working for their own
r.ghts. They now Join hands with their
brothers In working for the good of
humanity. In every state where women
vote they have turned their suffrage
associations into good gov rn merit so
cletles and are studying how to use
their new power as good citizens
'Although women will not vote 'for a
Legislature until 1914, the power of the
HeSSKn tho bB-ll0t. ven when not
used, has been exemplified in their
case. The Legislature sitting last Win
ter enacted 20 laws that women want
ed. One of these provides for pension
ing dependent mothers so that they
be ale to keep thelr children to
homes" ra fr them !n their own
"Governor West has always favored
progressive measures and he dhi
special honor to the woman who has
with thWVhe lonest n connection
Ir .r8 mvement in Oregon,
Mrs. Abigail Scott Dunlway. by havlne
SomTcaVV'S Prclamonyof woman!
political freedom, and sign It with him
frni ?fW Unlti States Senators
from Oregon Just before leaving Wash
hf, ,an(4 had thelr wfshe. on
this mission to represent Oregon in
this Congress. Senator Lane "her!
formerly Mayor of Portland, appointed"
t?on-WSrntB .Sb VCry PrtaPnt posi
tions of health officer and of market
i"eCtrVan1 he has ttifled to the
good work they did in cleaning up the
city. Senator Chamberlain has the honor
SLJ ? introduced the amendment to
E ? T woman suffrage with such
promptness that It Is Joint resolution
Pm, Ht0VIiy." tno federal Woman'"
Equality Association gave a lawn fete
in celebration of the favorable action
. "! Senate committee which recom
mended Senator Chamberlain's bill for
passage by a vote of 5 to 1.
"Oregon women will maintain the
good reputation which women have
won In all the states, where the fran
chise has been given. More than the
most ardent advocate of woman's free
dom had dared to claim or hope for has
been achieved in these states. Even
women who had been indifferent to the
vote as a question of human dlgnlty
or opposed to it as adding burdens and
responsibilities have risen to their new
duties with zeal and conscience, thus
helping to demonstrate that the head
and heart of woman may be trusted In
all that concerns humanity.
"So will it be with every country
when women are given equal rights.
Virtue, courage and good sense are not
the monopoly of any people, but are
shared by all according to the circum
stances which call them forth. Only
those peoples who refuse to enfranchise
their women are belittling them. We
claim for all that they are equally
capable of being trusted to the utmost
by the land they love."
I'GLIEST MAN IS HUSBAND OF SOO
Observant English Official Gives This
Title to an African Chief.
London Chronicle.
Although the Congo chief, Lupungu,
Is, according to the picture drawn of
him by Vice-Consul Casteus, the ugliest
man on earth, he has taken unto him
self upwards of 300 wives, for each
of whom he readily pays the state tax
of two francs. For Lupungu Is a rich
man by vlctue of the tribute paid to
him by his subjects, the Basongi.
The Vice-Consul made the acquain
tance of the chief In the course of a
tour along the eastern border of the
Kasai district. Lupungu was at
Kaplrlda, a place of much political im
portance owing to its being his home,
for he is one of the most powerful
chiefs In the Congo.
"In appearance," says the Vice-Consul,
"he is a villainous-looking native,
having but one eye, and a countenance
scarred by smallpox, and, from all ac
counts, he is almost as vicious as he Is
hideous.
"Lupungu has had an extraordinary
career, for. as a child, he was aban
doned by his father, but was after
wards adopted by a subchief called
Sent!, whose son Is Lupungu's Prime
Minister today. When a quite young
man he dressed himself up In fantastic
garb, and, persuading the natives that
his blind eye gave him the power of
dealing with the occult, or, in other
words, that he was a witch doctor
(even today his eye is feared by the
natives, and particularly the women)
he soon collected a good many follow
ers. .ub.t ?hll perlod h made friends
with the Arab traders, of whom there
were a number in the neighborhood at
the time, and, assisted by them, made
war upon his father, whom he con
QJf.e7 .H Was forthwith installed as
ch ef of the Basongi. a position he has
held ever since."
Dressing-Time at Home.
Judge.
'?ld.T,u ver helP P"t a puzzle to.
getherT
'No: my wife always assembles her
self alone. " -
Modesty ef Some Men.
Baltimore Sun.
Some men are naturally modest,
while others wear pink shirts.
Twenty-five Years Ago
From The Oregonlan of June 17. 1SSS.
Seattle, June 18. Justice N. Soder
berg was found guilty by a Jury today
for keeping a saloon open on Sunday.
The indictment created quite a sensa
tion, as Soderberg poses as a reform
and temperance official.
On Monday evening the many friends
of Mr. and Mrs. James Conner tendered
them a very pleasant 20th wedding
anniversary surprise party et their
residence. 359 Eleventh street.
On Thursday evening at the residence
of the bride's parents in Marion County,
near Salem, Miss Agnes Cole was mar
ried to Mr. J. v. Beach, of this city.
Miss Carrie Pittock, having gradu
ated on Tuesday at the Annie Wright
Seminary at Tacoma. has now returned
home.
W. G. Steel, who will have charge of
the Illumination of Mount Hood, for
which the Fourth of July committee
appropriated 250, has mado up a party
of ten and is making active prepara
tions for the 6tart.
A curious crowd that was doomed to
disappointment attended the session of
the Police Court yesterday to listen to
the trial or District Attorney Henry E.
McGinn on a charge of assault and
battery on Rev. Ezra Haskell, who de-
nounced him In a reoent speech at the
Mechanics' Pavilion. The case was con
tinued. '
Citizens' city ticket Mayor. Charles
E. Ladd; Councilmen, First Ward. N.
Versteeg; Second Ward. S. Farrell.
Democratic ticket Mayor, Charles E.
Ladd; Councilmen, First Ward, J. J.
Gallagher; Second Ward, no nomina
tion; Third Ward. II. B. Nicholas; Po
lice Commissioner, Peter Taylor.
East Side Notes George W. Shaver,
who was nominated for Councilman
from the First Ward by the Demo
crats, has declined to run. McKeen
Bros, have had removed the old school
house that stood on the old block on
J street, between Tenth and Eleventh,
to the corner of Twelfth and J, where
it will be converted into a residence.
This is the oldest schoolhouse on the
East Side.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonlaa of June IT, 1863.
Salem, June 3. The board of man
agers of the Oregon State Agricultural
Society met this day. Present. J. Z.
Thornton, president, and T. G. Naylor.
Thomas Cross, William J. Herren, John
Laughltn, D. C. Steward. D. D. Prt-tty-man.
J. r. Welch. S. E. May. C. N.
Terry. J. H. Moores. The premium list
for 1863 was agreed upon.
The Khips Dorcas. Prima and Union
Jack, from New York for Shanghai,
and tho Sea Turk, from Boston for San
Francisco, and the whaler Nye have
been captured by the Alabama.
Washington. June 10. Two dispatches
were received tonight from General
Grant. . Grant was in communication
with Banks as late as June 4, at which
time Port Hudson was closely Invested.
Grant reports that Johnston is concen
trating his troops to operate against
him. He mentioned a report that three
divisions were moving from Bragg to
reinforce Johnston. Breckinridge was
known to have Joined the rebel com
mander. Vicksburg is still closely in
vested and the siege progressing favor
ably. The benefit given to Portland's favor
ite theatrical troupe last night was a
grand success, some 350 persons being
present.
Ex-Governor L. Jay S. Turner arrived
In this city yesterday on a canvassing
tour for delegate to Congress.
Wasco Lodge of Free and Accepted
Masons will celebrate the anniversary
of St. John's day at The Dalles on Wed
nesday by addresses and dinner. The
exercises will take place in the after
noon. Immediately after the arrival of
the Portland boats, so that brethren
from this city will be enabled to par
ticipate. COMMERCIALISM IN HIGH ART
Old Masters Bought In Europe Sold at a
Profit by American Collectors.
Paris Cor. Philadelphia Ledger.
"The United States is now selling Eu
rope pictures at a great profit and Is
no longer buying In our market."
These words of Berhelm. a former
picture dealer, sum up the present con
dition of the picture market, wherein,
as dozens of sales this year have shown,
there has been a slight falling off In
prices. For several decades the Ameri
cans have been cleaning up all the Eu
ropean salesrooms, sometimes paying a
price which brought them ridicule from
collectors and dealers on this side. Now
it is apparent, however, that the Ameri
cans hold a commanding position in
the world's picture market, and the
European dealers are glad to go to tha
United States to buy back works of art
at a price yielding handsome profits to
the American purchasers.
The impression all along has been
that these European purchases were
made with the object of forming mag
nificent private art collections in the
United States, and that the higher
prices sometimes paid for coveted pic
tures merely reflected the keenness of
American connoisseurs to take the best
Europe bad to offer. It is now felt,
however, that many of these purchases
were made as a business Investment by
the shrewdest business men In the
world who are now giving Europe an
opportunity to reacquire the canvases
at prices yielding a considerable profit
to the Americans.
Readers Have
Faith in Ads.
CJ People no longer read the
advertisements in a newspaper
with skepticism.
5 The people of today have
faith in the advertisers and their
advertisements. They know that
great businesses are built on
honest advertising statements.
f They know that most mer
chants do not trifle with the
truth, and they feel that when,
they patronize the stores that
advertise in The Oregonian they
are getting their money's worth
full value for what they pay.
C Leading merchants every
where are truthful, conscien
tious, and honest. Business to
day is conducted along broad
lines; service of real value is
given ; merchandise of real value
is given. The policies of the
stores are liberal; the people
are getting rightful return for
their dollars.
CJ Then, too, the reputable
newspaper guards its columns
against deceptive advertise
ments. Ads that do not ring
true are not knowingly accepted.