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rOKTUSD, MONDAY, JCXE 16, 1918.
WEST VIRGINIA'S TROUBLES.
For about a year a large part of
the State of "West Virginia has been
in a state of civil war, which was
ended by the declaration of martial
law. Armed bodies of miners have
contended in battle with armies of
mercenaries enlisted In the service of
mine-owners. Only the intervention
of the armed forces of the state put
a stop to hostilities, and they were
iro sooner withdrawn than war was
renewed. Twice was martial law re
imposed to end civil strife. Tet only
occasional scraps of news leaked out
regarding this anarchic condition.
The explanation is the absence of
-independent newspapers in the In
ferior of West Virginia. The entire
population of the coal regions is
either engaged in the coal industry or
is dependent upon it. Under these
circumstances independence and fear
less truth-telling is impossible, except
by outsiders who go in for the pur
pose of impartial inquiry. Even such
persons are confronted by almost
insuperable difficulties. Passion and
prejudice are so heated that every
person from whom information must
be sought almost unconsciously col
ors and garbles facts and many tell
deliberate falsehoods or deliberately
conceal facts adverse to their side of
the controversy. Truth must be sift
ed from a mass of misstatements,
exaggerations or suppressions of fact.
The most painstaking, conscientious,
skilled and impartial can but reach
an approximation to the truth.
The West Virginia war should con
vince us of the imperative need in
such communities of a higher law
enforcing power than the local au
thorities. The Sheriff will inevitably
be a partizan of either mineowners
or miners. When necessity arises to
call out the posse comitatus, upon
whom can he call? Practically the
whole population is involved In the
controversy. Only an organized body,
drawn from the state at large and
under the immediate control of the
Governor, can cope with the situa
tion. This body should not be, the
National Guard, for the work to be
done is police work, for which the
militia is not organized and perform
ance of which prejudices large masses
of the population against it, so that
an open or tacit boycott against mi
litia service exists among manual
workers.
A state police force, with semi-military
organization, can alone perform
satisfactory service in labor troubles
such as those of West Virginia. It
should with equal impartiality dis
arm the mercenaries of the employ
ers and the militant workmen. By
protecting the property and employes
of capitalists it should deprive them
of any excuse for hiring armed
guards, buying machine guns or doing
any act which is an invasion of the
sovereign power of the state. By
protecting workmen on strike from
violence or oppression at the hands of
capital. It should deprive them of ex
cuse for bearing arms.
Mortal combat between private
armies of mineowners and armed
bodies of miners too closely resembles
the conflicts between medk;val barons
and revolted peasants to be tolerated
in the twentieth century. The s.ory
told to the Senate committee is a dis
grace, not only to West Virginia, but
to the whole United States. Credit is
due to Governors Glasscock and Hat
lield for their manful efforts to re
store order. But this episode should
serve as a warning to West Virginia
and to every other state to equip
themselves for preventing such con
ditions. THE REAL BATTLE AT HAM).
With the report of the finance com.
mittee to the Senate, the real battle
-over the Underwood tariff will begin.
The result fh the House was such a
foregone conclusion that little interest
.attached to the proceedings in that
quarter. In the Senate the Demo-
- cratic majority is so small and so many
""Democrats would be glad to Jump the
traces, if they could only muster up
, . courage and be sure of enough com
pany, that keen interest will be felt
in the actions of that body from the
outset.
The normal Democratic majority is
six, and, as Senator Poindexter, the
lone Progressive, is expected to vote
for the bill, the majority will proba
bly be swelled for this occasion to
eight. But to begin with, we must
- deduct the votes of the two Louisiana
, " Senators, who will surely vote against
- free sugar at the end of three years
; and against the bill if it includes that
; provision. Senator Walsh, of Mon
. tana, and Senator Newlands, of Ne
vada, are bitterly opposed to free wool
and the latter also opposes free sugar,
though he might not desert his party
on that issue. A combination between
- these two Senators and the two Louisi-
anans is talked of. If entered Into, all
four would vote against both free wool
'and free sugar.
Those four votes transferred from
one side to the other would make the
. Senate a tie, and the Vice-President's
- casting vote would decide the fate of
the bill. But if Mr. Walsh and Mr.
Newlands should vote against their
party with Mr. Thornton and Mr.
R.msdell, others who are strongly op
posed to free wool might Join them.
Should any others Join the four
mentioned, our own George and Harry
might be nerved to the pitch of voting
in defense of one of the chief lndus-
tries of their state, rather than as the
caucus dictates. If the revolt spread
. so far, it might sprj.d farther, for it
- is one thig for tvo or three men to
rr"bolt the party elision and quite an-
other thing for a respectable nurrfber
.'.of men to split the party.
Suppose the Senate cuts out the free
wool and free sugar provisions, what
"""then? The 'bill will go to conference
for reconcilement of Senate and House
on points of difference. When the
Democratic Wilson bill of 1894 and the
Republican Payne bill of 1909 went to
conference, the House yielded and the
Senate had its way. But conditions
are now different. The majority party
organization in the Senate in each of
those cases stood behind the amend
ments; in .this case it would be against
them. The House was then far more
complaisant than it now is. President
Wilson stands unflinchingly behind the
House and hardly conceals his purpose
to appeal to the people against the
bolters. The stress and strain and
strife in conference will be terrific if
the Senate changes the two vital points
of the bill and ceaseless efforts will be
made to whip the bolters into line.
The contest in the Senate preceding
passage of the bill will be only the
first, if the threatened amendments
should be made. A fiercer battle will
follow in conference and the fiercest
of all will ensue if the House stands
pat and if a last effort should be made
to force free wool and free sugar
through the Senavte.
THE OKEGOX FIRST.
The school children of Oregon have peti
tioned the Secretary of War to let the bat
tleship Cietou lead the parade through the
Panama Canal. Indiana will flip heads or
tails for the honor. Indianapolis Star.
Oregon will flip nothing. We ask
the honor for the battleship which
bears the name of this State because
it would accord with the eternal fit
ness of things. The Oregon"s voyage
around the continent was a practical
demonstration ' that the canal was
necessary to our national safety and
so fastened attention on. the subject
that President Roosevelt did. not rest
until the work- was begun.
It is most fitting that the ship
which thus aided so powerfully in
bringing about the realization of a
splendid dream should act as the
chief part in ceremonies marking the
fact. What particular connection has
Indiana or the battleship Indiana with
the canal?
AVELL EQUIPPED.
. The qualifications of Mr.' O. MJ
Plummer for the position of school
director were emphasized in a. re
markable way in the long list of in
terviews with men and women in
various. walks of life published yester
day. It is probably t needless, there
fore, for The Oregonian again to di
rect attention to his interest in child
welfare, to his personal investigations
of school methods in other cities, to
his progressive tendencies, to his
support and indorsement of the plans
of the new superintendent, Mr. Alder
man. But there is another qualification
to be considered. Mr. Plmmer has
practical business ability.
The duties of the School Board are
not wholly confined to directing
methods of education. Sound Judg
ment in purchase of school sites, let
ting of building contracts and the
like are essential to the welfare of the
taxpayers. The school director serves
in a dual capacity. He not only
must, to meet all requirements, have
special knowledge of educational
needs and methods, but be equipped
to. guard the public from financial
errors. The person who is acceptable
in both branches of the duties of the
office possesses rare qualifications.
Mr. Plummer has them.
A TEST FOR WILSON.
A severe test is made of President
Wilson's courage and independence by
the rider to the sundry civil appropria
tions bill. This rider provides that no
part of the special appropriation for
enforcement of the anti-trust law
shall be used in prosecution of labor
unions or farmers' associations. The
rider is urgently demanded by the
labor unions, which fear that the Dan
bury hatters' case may furnish the pre
text for attacks upon them in the
courts. Little has been heard from
farmers In its favor. The Manufac
turers' Association has entered a pro
test on the general ground that it is
special legislation exempting certain
classes from the operation of a gen
eral law. Whether the President ve
toes or approves the bill on account
of this rider, he will antagonize one
element or the other. It is for him
to choose.
The President's own party is not
united on the subject- The rider was
supported by Senator Martin, con
servative, of Virginia, and opposed by
Senator Thomas, Progressive, of Colo
rado. Among Republicans It was op
posed not only by such conservatives
as Senators Root and Gallinger, but
by the progressive Senator Borah. One
of the last words of Mr. Wilson's poli
tical discoverer, Colonel Harvey, as
editor of Harper's Weekly, Is an ear
nest plea for a veto. He says:
Unless you can show conclusively that this
bill was forced upon you against your will,
that you had no part in resuscitating It
when there was no need, the credit or the
blame must be yours and yours alone. Can
you do that? We fear not. It stands to
day before the public as an Administration
measure. But you can and should, and
pray God you may, disregard any Implica
tion of commitment In courageous perform
ance, after full and complete understanding
of the truth, cf your public duty. Two facts
are certain: The fate of this Infamous meas.
ure, involving your own and your party's
political fortunes, is In your own hands.
The New York World, which was a
staunch supporter of Mr. Wilson be
fore his nomination, is no less em
phatic in recommending a veto, for it
says:
It is true that this restriction would not
prevent the president from employing other
funds of the Department of Justice for that
purpose. It is true that It would not Inter
fere with criminal prosecutions against such
associations. It Is true that the restriction
applies for only a year and that the Attorney-General
can probably manage to
evade it. Nevertheless, the iniquity of the
principle Involved is In no sense minimized.
This bill Is class legslation, and class leg
islation is always vicious. It is an unwar
rantable Invasion of the powers and Inde
pendence of the Executive. It amounts to
a Congressional decree that the President
shall violate his oath of office. It creates
a precedent that, unless stifled at once may
survive to vex the Nation for years to come,
for if Congress may interfere with the Presi
dent in the enforcement of one law it has
power to Interfere with him In the enforce
ment of every law.
We believe that Congress has neither a
moral nor a constitutional right to leave a
law on the statute books and then restrain
the President In the execution of that law
Congressional usurpation may be as danger
ous to American institutions as executive
usurpation, and the President owes it to the
country to assert, the Independence of his
office. He should emphatically uphold the
principle that if Congress wishes to amend
or qualify a law it must do so by statute
and not by tying the hands of the Executive.
It was contended, during the de
bate in the Senate, that the rider was
a gold brick handed to the labor
unions, since the Government would
be free to use other funds than the
special appropriation in their prosecu
tion. The ' rider, it was contended,
would establish a vicious precedent,
without giving anything to those it
purported to favor. It was insisted
the only straightforward method by
which labor and farmers' unions could
be exempted from the operation of
the anti-trust law was by amendment
of that law.
The President" has shown courage
under pressure on former occasions.
vVhlchever alternative he chooses on
this occasion, he must show courage
again. His opinion on this bill will
make interesting reading in connection
with President Taft's message vetoing
the same bill because of the presence
of the same rider.
DR. MATTHEWS ON FREE SCHOOLS.
It seems that most -critics of Amer
ican life have been making a great
mistake. They are in the habit of
telling us that we work too hard and
too continuously. "Knock off and
take a vacation" Is their constant
preachment. "Stop digging for money
and go out to play in the woods."
Now we know that all this is wrong.
The truth of the matter is, as we
learn from the calm and philosophic
Dr. Mark Alison Matthews, of Seattle,
that we do not work hard enough.
"We are parting from independence,
initiative and the habit of industry,"
he moaned to a reporter for the New
York Sun who interviewed him late
ly. If he had added that some of
our clergymen were parting from
their common sense he would have
been still more edifying than he was.
What evidence is there that "our
young people no longer like to work,"
as Dr. Matthews puts it? This is the
evidence: The Presbyterian Church,
as matters stand, was joined in 1912
by 73,000 persons, no more and no
less, according to Dr. Matthews. Had
each elder of the church done his
plain duty and secured one H6W mem
ber every week, the total number of
accessions would have been 960,000.
Count them, 960,000, and when you
compare this magnificent roll with
the beggarly 73,000 who actually
Joined you have the measure of the
elders' dereliction.
But, reasons Dr. Matthews, Pres
byterian elders are the flower of
mankind. If they are lazy everybody
else must necessarily be still lazier.
Hence his wail of woe. The trouble,
he thinks, is at bottom due to the
common schools, which provide free
education, "free books and sometimes
free doctors." He goes on to tell us
that . this wretched scheme "was
hatched in the convict colony of New
Zealand," where it has been a patent
failure. Seeing how extensive and ac
curate Dr. Matthews' information is
upon these points, it Is a great pity
that he does not revise the current
cyclopedias. It has become a habit
with some charlatans to plan a raid
on the common schools whenever
they feel it desirable to attract more
than common attention. But the
schools are pretty tough. They have
come safely through many a combat,
and we rather guess they will outlive
Dr. Matthews.
TWO MORE NOTEWORTHY' EVENTS.
Another Rose Festival has passed
into history and the Portland people
owe a debt of gratitude to the citi
zens of almost every hamlet, town
and city on the Coast for their pat
ronage and co-operation in making
the affair a success. Particularly are
thanks due to the splendid citizens of
Los Angeles, Oakland, San Francisco,
Tacoma, Seattle, Vancouver, Victoria,
Spokane and Boise. The Portland
people ought to return the favors
shown by giving to each of those
cities a large attendance at their
coming annual fete days.
We have in Oregon many events of
importance yet to be held this year,
two of which may be mentioned with
pride. The first in point of time, and
great in point of importance, is. the
Pendleton Round-up, which takes
place September 25. 26 and 27. The
Round-up has grown to be an affair
of National importance, annually at
tracting as much attention as any
occasion of the West.
As an Indian show alone the
Round-up now outclasses all shows
of the kind in the country. No other
place, gathers so many Indians, no
other event sees them so gaily and
so gaudily appareled or so beautifully
caparisoned. Somehow the Pendle
ton people have a knack of getting
the pick of several Indian tribes, and
each year the number of Redskins
grows larger and more to be admired.
As to feats of horsemanship by the
ever-lessening number of" cowboys,
the Pendleton affair stands practical
ly alone, and in the other branches
of sport indulged in in the
earlier days of the range, nowhere
else are they given in such an at
tractive manner, on grounds so well
fitted for the purpose or under such
splendid management as at Pendleton.
After the Round-up, the week
after, from September 29 to October
4, we have the annual state fair at
Salem. Year by year the state fair
grows better and more attractive, and
this year, again under the splendid
management of J. H. (Henry) Booth,
of Roseburg, President of the State
Fair Board, we are promised a better
and bigger fair than we have ever
had, while Albert Tozier, the "Mayor"
of the tented city, which is one of the
great features of the fair for the old
timers, promises better arrangements
for the tenters than in the past, owing
to great improvement of the grounds.
These two events ought to attract
large crowds, as we feel sure they
will.
SILENCE THE "KNOCKERS."
The American people have acquired
a habit of late years of searching the
National conscience and making open
confession of their sins before the
whole world. This is a characteristic
of the morbidly religious which it la
not well for us to carry to an extreme
in public discussion of our affairs. We
can find the weak spots in our public
and business affairs and can
strengthen them without continually
harping upon the subject and creat
ing the impression among other na
tions that our whole political and
business system is rotten to the core.
When we look back to the opening
of the Twentieth century and make
comparison, we can perceive abund
ant evidence that we are cutting out
the rottenness and building up new
and healthy tissue in the National
body. We have made great progress
In placing party organization and the
Government under direct control of
the people without intervention of
bosses and are continuing progress
along the same line. We have estab
lished a much higher standard of pub
lic service than formerly prevailed.
We have brought the railroads under
public control, which they now wel
come as a buffer between them and
their patrons. We have made great
progress in breaking up monopoly, so
great that many illegal combinations
are no sooner attacked in the courts
than they voluntarily comply with the
Government's demands. We are con
tinuing this work of restoring com
petition and have compelled big busi
ness to assume a very different atti
tude towards government. It no longer
controls, dictates and threatens. The
tie between it and the governing
power has been weakened. if not
broken, and it is on the defensive. We
have not yet actually put some of our
trust magnates in jail, but some of
them are under sentence and we can
feel assured that, if after a few more
years of law enforcement, any remain
blind to the signs of the times, impris
onment of a recalcitrant monopolist
will become as much a matter of
course as that of a bank wrecker.
But many of our people have
harped so continually on the sins of
our politicians and big business men
that they have created the 1
in the world at large that almost all
our public men are corrupt and that
all our big business men are rascals.
xnese mucKraKers and callers-down of
woe upon the Nation have blackened
our reputation In the eyes of the
,world The effect has been that all
American investments are coming to
oe tooKea on with suspicion and the
price of all our securities is depre
ciated because some are much wa
tered. The good are made to suffer
for the bad, because of our own neg
lect to discriminate.
Our disposition to foul our own
nest has become so confirmed that,
when Great Britain accuses us of
violating the Panama Canal treaty,
certain selfish Interests which are in
jured by the carfal law find ready sup
port amoner the oeoolp of sonsitivs
conscience when they take up the plea.
TA 1 - 1
it is caimiy assumed by Americans
that our own Government, deliberate
ly or negligently passed a law in vio
lation of a treaty and that no honor
able course is open to us except to
confess our sin and rpnoai the law
There Is the same disposition to ac
cept as true the charge of Japanese
jingoes that the California land
law violates treaties. There is a gen
eral disposition among the agitators
against toll exemption and the war
alarmists to take It for granted that
in any foreign controversy their own
nation is always wrong and the other
nation is always right.
Other nations do not act thus.
There has been no greater financial
scandal in recent times than the
French Panama Canal swindle, but
the French cut out the rotten spot
and stopped there. They did not by a
general, long-continued and indis
criminate campaign give theN world to
understand that all French securities
were equally bad. Nor did the Eng
lish when Argentine speculation
wrecked the Baring Bros.' bank or
when rubber speculation caused many
to lose millions. They told the facts,
repaired the wrong, left the reputa
tion of securities in general unim
paired and continued business, saying
no more about the Scandal. When
their government Is engaged in for
eign controversy, they stand by it as a
man stands by his own family.
It is about time Americans changed
their tune. The "knockers" should be
silenced. By all means let us expose
and punish the rascals; but do not let
us confound the honest with them, nor
meekly admit our Government to
have been in the wrong whenever an
other nation call3 its acts in question.
Senator La Follette, who has
viewed very critically every act of
Governor McGovern of Wisconsin
ever 6lnce the latter allowed himself
to be used by Colonel Roosevelt at
the Republican convention at Chicago
last year, is angry with the Governor
for vetoing a resolution submitting a
woman suffrage amendment to the
people. The Governor's reason was
that a similar amendment was re
jected last Vfta.r flnil Vtat it- thM.U
not be submitted again after a lapse
oi only two years. The Senator
WOUld have had It mihmittarl -Frt..
other reason than to give the cause
me Denerit or constant agitation, and
shows that he triumphed over the
old machine only by hammering away
in campaign after campaign. But the
pugnacious little man can be trusted
to keep up the fight, even without an
amendment to base it upon.
The appointment of D. C. Freeman
as publicity man for the Hill people
Is more evidence that the railways of
Oregon are getting the best men for
wurit, wnicn Degan when the
Strahorn system annexed Mark
Woodruff. These young men will be
antagonists in a way, and the state
will be the gainer for their rivalry.
The Democratic maioritv in ih
Illinois House has passed a corpora
tion law which the Chicasro bar re
nounces as containing all the most
oojectionaDie features of the statute
which New Jersey recentlv cUnrsirAo
at the dictation of President Wilson.
tsut uie Democracy always did pull
In several directions at the same time.
The output of Portland cement in
this country, between 1870 and 1879
was 82,000 barrels. In 1912 it was
ou.000,000 barrels. That should glad
den the heart of the Pinchot reserva
tions, for it will leave them free to
let the timber rot in the forests while
we build of concrete.
This is Grand Army week at New
berg, the occasion being the grand
encampment, and Editor Bell, in the
latest issue of his Enterprise, pub
lishes a "war" number that is his
torical as well as interesting.
The Santa Barbara man who of
fered Senator Works J 1000 to have
him appointed postmaster seems to
be as honest as he la lsnoranr Tli.
Senator might better have burned the
letter than have given it publicity.
Charles Durant Hearst Elbert Hub
bard Sagne Maines of Poughkeepsie,
K. Y.. will inherit J20.000 when he
reaches the are of 21. unliwsi h. din
of exhaustion under the burden of
such a name.
Under its commission form of gov
ernment, Denver is rerulatlns- thA
bathing suits of its women. Tights are
ioroiaaen and something loose is in
slsted upon.
Voting at the school election Is not
a easy as lormeriy. since household
gOOds are PTPm rtt mnn-ir nhn
legal voters are no longer in that
It is evident Judge McGinn believes
In Oregon as a great dairy state and
that a two-pound roll of butter must
weign thirty-two ounces.
These rains are helping: the irrain.
but are not of benefit to clover that
is down, and there is much of it
Too much money seems to be dis
rupting the connubial felicity of
"Lucky" Baldwin's descendants.
"According to Hoyle" has a new
significance in San Quentin. - It means
doing away with the stripes.-
Pioneers of Oregon have the right
of wary this week-
AXBTTJAL EVENT STRAINS INTEREST
Suggestion Blade That Rose Festival Be
Held Less Often.
PORTLAND, June 15. (To the Edi
tor.) The old Greeks were wiser than
we. As a quadrennial event, the Olym
pic games maintained an abiding inter
est among the people for hundreds of
years such an interest that the suc
cession of other events was recorded on
the basis of its periodical recurrence.
As an .annual event, who can suppose
that the interest of that people could
have been sustained so long and so in
tensely? But we are attempting to maintain
annually an event which, to insure its
success, makes no light demands upon
the time, the resources and the public
spirit of our citizens. Our experience
shows us clearly that we are attempt
ing the impossible. No one who has
been with us during the past six years
can question for a moment the asser
tion that our Rose Festival week Is los
ing its interest among us. We do not
prepare for it as we have hitherto done.
We criticise rather than appreciate
when we are in the midst of it. In re
gard to the week which has just passed,
who among us today feels that pleas
antest of emotions, the retrospective
enjoyment of an hour, a day, a week,
given without reserve to the pleasures
of the moment? We are disappointed
ourselves; we disappoint our friends
and visitors, and, though the latter may
say some very kind and nice things
about us, we know in our heart that
we do not deserve them, and most of
us are glad when this annual interrup
tion of our affairs is over.
The Rose Festival week is an excel
lent institution, and as a triennial or
quadrennial event could be made one
of. absorbing and widespread interest.
We could prepare for it ungrudgingly
on a sufficient scale, and the active
interest of all classes of our citizens
(of not less importance than their fi
nancial support) could be enlisted with
out urging. Not by the solicitation of
a few, nor by their most earnest efforts,
can anything of this nature be main
tained. Only so Ions as it obtains the
voluntary support of the mass of the
citizens will it be successful. And this
it cannot obtain as an annual event.
A. B. SMITH.
MODEL LICENSE IN LA GRANDE
Observation of Its Effect Convinces
Writer of Ineffectiveness.
IMBLER, Or.. June 14. (To the Edi
tor.) I am Interested in the letter by
T. M. Gilmore, president of the National
Model License League, which The Ore
gonian published June 12, and in your
comment thereon.
Some years ago Union County went
dry by a large majority of votes, and
Immediately the saloons were gone the
"model" brewers and saloon Interests
of Baker and Umatilla counties flooded
Union County with "booze" until the
people were disgusted and were easily
persuaded by the "home-rule" cry and
the Model License League to vote the
county ,wet again.
A drastic model license ordinance was
proposed by the liquor Interests of La
Grande, with eight saloons as the limit,
and used as campaign "dope."
The writer had business near the
front door of one of these "model sa
loons" for several hours one evening
the following Summer and saw at least
four young boys drink at the bar and
two staggering drunkards served with
liquor without hesitation. Treating
(tabooed by the ordinance) was almost
continuous during the evening, and
drunken, noisy men were allowed to
hang around the place.
I presume this Is a fair sample of
the law-abiding, high-minded, patriotic
citizens who are running the present
model saloons in Oregon, and my con
tention Is that Mr. Gilmore is absolutely
wrong about regulation being the solu
tion of the liquor problem.
We have plenty of laws on the statute
books now to paralyze the traffic, but
we do not have officers in sympathy
with or who have the least intention of
enforcing the laws, except in a very
few cases.
La Grande now has ten saloons, and
more will be added, no doubt, as the
city needs the money. There is a cam
paign started tq put the saloons all
out of business in Oregon, and it will
not bo done by "regulation," but by
"administration."
GEORGE L. CLEAVER.
ROSE FESTIV AL AS ANNUAL 13VENT
Correspondent Favors Tax and Urges
Varied Programme.
PORTLAXD, June 15. (To the Edi
tor.) The Rose Festival, just closed,
should be made a permanent annual
event. Its effect on Portland's activ
ity and prosperity as a metropolitan
center has become an established fact
to all the people of the United States.
Its expectations are fully realized by
all and to let it dwindle would be a
hard -blow to the welfare of the city,
especially now that the Panama Pacific
Exposition at Sah Francisco will be
held in 1915. This event will attract
a great mass of people from all over
the world to this Coast, and the cities
outside of San Francisco will profit as
much by the event as that city Itself.
Therefore, when these thousands pass
through Portland in June, 1915, and the
Rose Festival is In progress. It will do
more to stimulate in their minds than
most any other method the fact that
Portland is a real, live city of progress
and that its business activity is sate,
sound and enduring.
What should be done to accumulate
sufficient funds for the undertaking is
to create a small tax which really
would not be felt at all by the prop
erty owners. In this way the many
and not the few would feel that they
had a personal interest in the Festival,
which would circulate to Portland's
entire population and be the means of
making it into one grand, enthusiastic
success.
The events each year should be con
tinually changed so that the people can
expect something new all the time; so
that visitors may see that we are up
to date and always doing things for
Portland's advancement.
A suggestion for next year: Everett
and Flanders streets to be strung
every 20 .feet, with roses, and Maypole
dances enacted. A SUBSCRIBER.
ROSS ISLAND. '
How big is Ross Island, pa?
We've heard so much of late.
Is it as big as Canada?
Or some much larger state?
Is it so blglthat one could build
An incinerator there.
With Mount Hood as its smokestack
To purify the air?
Its size, my child, depends upon
The heat that's in the air.
Also depends, to great extent.
Who's Mayor, in the chair. .
At times the soil peeps well above
The river's lowly bed.
At other times 'tis Just the tops
Of trees that show Instead.
However, my child, return to sleep
And no mors rack your brain.
Ross Island's in Its grave so deep
'Twill never rise again.
SUMMER POET.
' Teaching In Alaska.
WALLA WALLA, Wash.. June 12.
(To the Editor.) To whom should a
teacher write for information regarding-necessary
qualifications for enter
ing Alaska schools? SUBSCRIBER.
There Is as yet no territorial Board
of Education, examining board or
superintendents to govern the 42 white
public schools, as a whole, in Alaska.
Qualification requirements doubtless
vary, and the only feasible plan is to
write for information to the school
principal in the town in which one de
sires to reside.
TABLE TALK IN A SEA. STORM
A Man Tells Ed Howe About Water
Battle, While Dishes Are Smashed.
E. W. Howe's African Travel Letters
In his Magazine.
- At dinner, not half the passengers
were In their places, but Adelaide and
I occupied our usual seats aft table, al
though we had a difficult time getting
down the two stairways to the dining
room. The dishes were fenced up. so
that they could not roll off the tables,
and the portholes were under water
every roll of the ship. The sick man
who has been seen on deck nearly
every day of the voyage surprised us
all by appearing at dinner for the first
time, although he was almost literally
carried down the stairways, and across
the dining-room floor. The diners at
the two center tables were forced to
go to other tables, owing to a crash
in the skylight above, and a downpour
of water.
But In spite of all this confusion,
Mr. Connell, a very calm and well in
formed man who sits at my table. In
terested me by telling of something he
had read during the day. At the Bat
tle of Waterloo, in 1812. less than 170.
000 men were engaged. The battle
lasted 12 hours, yet the casualties
amounted to 61,000.
The Battle of Lule Borgas. fought
between the Bulgarians and Turks in
1912, lasted five days, and although
800,000 men took part with modern
implements of war, the casualties
amounted to only 35,000. We moderns
have more effective weapons than the
ancients, but seem afraid to use them.
The modern man has more sense than
bravary. The old savage man had a
fool notion that it was bravery to fight
for a ruler, but modern man has dis
covered that bravery is to fight for
himself, and meet his ordinary diffi
culties with patience and fairness.
The prizefighter is brave in that he
is able to stand a great deal of punish
ment, but in private life he Is not very
nice, and often keeps a saloon and
whips his wife.
At dinner Mr. Connell also told me
that in Australia, where the women
have full suffraee, the wives of the
working men often vote against their
husbands. In a certain election in
1911 the Labor party demanded the
adoption of a measure that would re
sult in many strikes and much dis
turbance. It was believed that the
measure would carry by a large ma
jority, but the wives of the labor men
generally voted for peace, and the
measure demanded by their husbands
was defeated by two to one.
LITERAL ACCEPTANCE OF GENESIS
Illeh School Pupil Confuses It With
Definition of Atheism.
PORTLAND, June 14. (To the Edi
tor.) On page 16 in The Oregonian
yesterday was an article entitled
"School Is Stirred by Origin of Man."
As a pupil of Miss Jane Stearns, and
believing that she was grossly misrep
resented by the article. I feel it to be
my duty to write In her behalf. From
the reading of the article one would
think that Miss Stearns was an athe
ist. She is far from being that. To
the contrary, once when a pupil ex
pressed an opinion to the effect that
physiography conflicted with the Bible
she very clearly proved that the study
of physiography not only strengthened
the Bible but also made its teachings
a great deal clearer.
She did not say that she believed in
the theories mentioned, but stated that
they were merely theories and should
be taken as such.
Miss Stearns never goes into any
talks on religion or things directly per
taining to It except when questioned;
but when pupils ask her questions per
taining to religion, she tries to answer
them to the best of her ability, but
never expresses an opinion or belief on
matters pertaining to religion; In
stead, although the pupils ask her a
great deal about religion, she tries to
avoid all discussions of religious be
lief. After being her pupil for almost six
months, and her pupil at the present
time. I can truthfully Fay that I have
never heard her so much as express an
opinion on religion or anything per
taining to it. I challenge anybody to
prove otherwise. Surely a pupil would
know if anybody did.
Miss Stearns is a highly Intellectual
and intelligent woman, and is liked by
all who come in contact with her. She
is considered to be one of the best
teachers, and the most capable, on the
Coast. She certainly has great teach
ing ability.
ONE OF HER PUPILS.
Our young friend is needlessly
alarmed over public interpretation of
the article. There was no intimation
In it that his teacher does not believe
in the existence of a supreme being.
The school discussion reported in The
Oregonian concerned only the scien
tific accuracy of the origin of man
as recounted in Genesis. Countless
Christians, In the religious sense of
the name, look upon this portion of
the Bible as allegorical or as poetical
tradition.
HUCKLEBERRY FINN'S PRISON LIFE
Mark Twain's Character Did Not Turn
Out Well in Real Life.
"Highways and Byways of the Missis
sippi," by Clifton Johnson.
The house Mark Twain lived in still
stands in Hannibal and is much the
same as it always was a stumpy two
story, clapboarded dwelling close to the
sidewalk. It is just off the main street,
snuggled in among other similar build
ings. The senior Clemens had a print
ing shop upstairs in the L of the housr,
and as there were several children the
living-room must have been pretty well
crowded
"All the family was the nicest people
you ever saw," I was told; "but they
were very poor, and the father died
bankrupt when Mark was 12 years old."
On the next street lived "Huckleber
ry Finn," whose real name was Tom
Blankenshlp. In the books this laa
turns out to be quite an admirable
character, but in actual life he and his
relatives were a very rough lot, and
when he left town It was to go to the
penitentiary. The author's descriptions
of Huckleberry's father fit the person
who was "the town drunkard old man
Finn." His end could hardly have been
more tragic even In fiction. He was
locked up one night In the calaboose,
and in lighting a match to have a
smoke set fire to the building and was
burned to death.
The Huckleberry Finn house was al
ways rude, but it has not yet suc
cumbed to either age or chance, and
its ruinous, unkempt antiquity Is quite
worthy of its associations. Two or
three negro families now live In It, and
I made the acquaintance of one of the
women Inmates who was sitting out in
front and lunching on bread and a
dish of greens. ,
"This is the Huckleberry Finn house
isn't it?" I inquired.
"It sholy is," was the reply, "an" las"
year Huckleberry Finn and Mark
Twain both was hyar to see It Dey
come togedder in a two-horse coach an'
dey each one give me a quarter."
"Celestial" as Applied to China.
Toronto Globe.
Everyone knows the epithet "Celes
tial" applied to China, but few know
its origin. According to a very old
legend. Thibet is a fragment of a
P .nce 3eoP1a by a yellow race,
which in some way became detached
tnt. on.tho eart. The dazed ln
f -..i- f a tr&sment were unin
jured, and, cold and hungry, they made
their way toward China, which they
peopled This origin of the Chinese
, d, ? thelr U'ns themselves
Celestials." and it is for this reason
that the Emperor calls himself Son of
Heaven. , Such, at least, is the legend.
Twenty-five Years Ago
From The Oregonian of June 16, 1SSS
Council Bluffs, la.. June 10. The
train bearing the Pacific Coast dele
gation to the Republican National Con
vention, representing 42 votes In all.
whistled Into the Omaha depot thl
afternoon. The local committee of re
ception caught the sentiments of the
Coasters by flaunting an American flag
with a portrait of Blaine over the field
of stars. "We are all for Blaine," was
the general cry. and one of the dele
gates added: "Yes, it's Blaine or bust."
Berlin, June 15. The Emperor (Fred
erick) died at 11 o'clock this morning
at Potsdam.
Arlington. Or., June 15. A wind
storm and cloudburst struck near Lex
ington. Morrow County, killing three
persons and wounding a dozen or more.
Colfax, W. T.. June 13. A water
spout, accompanied by a heavy wind,
passed 15 miles west of here yesterday
afternoon. Union Flat Creek rose 12
feet in less than half an hour.
Shoshone. Idaho, June 15. Elijah
Smith, president of the O. R. & X. Com
pany, passed west todav on a special
train to attend the annual meeting at
Portland.
Last night the third graduating ex
ercises of the East Portland publin
schools took place in the Methodist
Church. Behind a table covered with
flowers and diplomas were seated the'
directors. Joseph Paquet, J. T. Stewart
and Thomas Hislop. The following la
the graduating class: Maggie Charles
tion, Nellie Atwood, Anson Buckman.
Amy Gray. Louisa Sharkey. Chauncey
Case. Minnie Robertson. Mary Bell, Ol
lln Pershln, Jeannie Older, Ava Owen.
At the last meeting of the board of
trustees of the Boys' and . Girls' Aid
Society, J. A. Strowbridge and W. B.
Gilbert were appointed a committee to
draft a bill prohibiting the sale of
cigarettes to minors.
L. Therkelsen. who was nominated
ior t-oiice commissioner by the RepuO
lican city convention yesterday, de
clined the nomination. The city com
mittee nominated George R. Frank.
The Oregon Pioneers and Indian War
Veterans met in Portland yesterday.
It was the 16th annual reunion.
The cornerstone of the Industrial
Fair was laid by the Grand Lodge, A.
F. and A. M., of Oregon, with all the
honors of Freemasonry yesterdav.
Mayor DeLashmutt Introduced Hon.
George H. Williams, who delivered the
address.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonian of June 16. 1S63.
Major John Owen, of Bitter Root Val
ley, and one of the oldest white resi
dents of the western slope of the
Rocky Mountains, is a candidate for
Congress from Idaho.
Walla Walla. June 10. Today there
came off a Democratic meeting at the
Courthouse to ratify the nomination ot
George E. Cole. The prominent speech
was made by F. P. Dugan. the leading
watch repairer of this town.
Murfreesboro, June 9. Colonel Law
rence Williams, formerly of the Sec
ond United States Cavalry, later Gen
eral Br'ggs' chief of artillery, and
Lieutenant Dunlap, of the rebel army."
were arrested and hung as spies last
night at Franklin.
Washington. June 10. Yesterday two
brigades of Pleasanton's cavalry under
Buford made an important reconnois
sance towards Culpepper and had ons
of the most obstinate cavalry fights of
the war. The cavalry crossed the Rap
pahannock at Beverly Ford, drove the
enemy back to the rifle pits and after
a desperate conflict cleared the woods,
the enemy falling back upon their ar
tillery and maintaining their position
until 12 o'clock, when our artillery
came up and the rebels were again
driven back for six miles in the direc
tion of Culpepper Courthouse, when
our force returned and recrossed In
good order.
Preparations for the celebration of
the coming Fourth of July are pro
gressing finely. Hon. Amory Holbrook
has been selected as orator of the day.
Rev. T. H. Pearne reader of the Dec
laration of Independence and Rev. P.
S. Coffey chaplain.
When Love's Fire Smolcea.
Judge.
Her love Is waning when:
She comes to the breakfast table in
a wrapper.
She lets him see her comb her store
hair.
She says there aren't any such crea
tures as the boys who keep him
out at night.
She says she's glad they don't
hold hands any more.
She says she's going shopping and
leaves him at home.
She tidies up his den.
She forgets to hand him the current
neighborhood scandal.
She detects the reason for the clove.
His love is chilling when:
He notices that the peculiar look in
her eye is a squint.
He insists upon having sugar In his
tea.
He notices that the" mantelpiece la
dusty.
He wonders what he can tell her
when he is late.
He asks her If that Is really singing.
. He reads the newspaper at break
fast time.
He completely forgets to buy the
magazine she wants.
He won't tie her shoe lace on the
street.
He say she' getting extravagant.
Thinking of
Your Vacation
or cf going on some pleasant
short journey or week-end trip?
Lots of people are nowadays
vsg-uely planning and wonder
ing where to go to escape the
routine of workaday hours, if
even for ever so brief a time.
No better bureau of informa
tion than The Oregonian, with
its travel and special journey
announcements. Often an ad
vertisement solves a problem
that has been a perplexing an
noyance for days, perhaps.
The Oregonian resort and trip
advertisements are always help
ful always suggest a pleasant
jaunt; they help you plan
more intelligently; they give
you information that's worth
while, and give the prospective
trip or vacation a keener antici
patory zest by vividly describing
the delights of the place you
make up your mind to visit.
A tour through The Oregonian
advertising columns is itself an
extremely pleasant and profit
able journey.
1