THE 3IORXIXG OREGON! AX. FRIDAY. tTCNE 13. 1913
CO-OPERATION IS
FEATURE IN ITALY
Teutonic Worth, Excelling in
Initiative, Takes Lead in
Constructive Work.
ART HAS PART IN SCHEME
Trofe.-or Macplierson. Seeing Es-
thetic Side of Rural Life, Realizes
Why "Dagoes Live Like Dogs"
to Attain Ambition.
BT HECTOR MACPHERSON.
BUDAPEST. Hungary. May 28. (Spe
cial Correspondence.) The entire
.American commission has now
left sunny Italy. and is as
sembled In Budapest, the capital of the
Kingdom of Hungary. We have talked
over our experiences and compared
notes, so that each delegate Is now
fairly well informed regarding agrl
cultural conditions as they exist in
different parts of Italy, and has ac
rumulated much experience and in
formation besides.
We have Just awakened to a realiza
tion of what it means to be touring
Europe as the recipients of the diplo
matic courtesy accorded official repre
sentatives of Uncle Sam abroad. Re
ceptions by Mayors and other official
bodies, escorts of royal guards, ban
quets, brass bands, and fine speeches
threaten at times to obscure the real
purpose of our coming to Europe.
Kxpert Leaden Furnished.
Such a danger was averted, however,
by several factors at least as far as
Italy Is concerned. In the first place
we were provided with a good general
introduction to Italian conditions
through our meeting In Rome. Then
we were given expert leadership by
the Italian government for each of the
four touring groups in which we set
out from Rome. By dividing into four
factions, each covering a distinct sec
tion of the country, we were able to
verify the general Information collected
at Rome. Finally we were saved from
much aimless floundering by an out
line of "Agricultural Credit and Co-Op-eratlon
in Italy." which was placed
In the hands of every delegate before
leaving Rome.
The chief advantage gained in our
Journeying from place to place con
sists In our coming into actual con
tact with the men who are actually
doing things for the betterment of
agriculture under the different condi
tions which exist in different parts of
Italy.
This personal contact with great
leaders began at Rome. Our first busi
ness session held in the palace of the
International Institute of Agriculture,
May 11, was given over to short ad
dresses by representatives of each of
the countries we are to visit. Each of
these men is a leader in agricultural
progress In his country. Their enthusi
asm for their mission, and their faith
In co-operation, went a long way to
ward breaking down the conservatism
which held many delegates only luke
warm in their attitude towards this
form of business enterprise.
loving Cup to I nitc Nations.
David Lubln himself was on the plat
form. He was taken completely by
surprise when a break was Introduced
into the programme and Dr. Owens and
President Butterfleld. on behalf of the
commission and the American people,
presented htm with a magnificent lov
ing cup. The address read by Dr.
Owens paid a high tribute to our dis
tinguished fellow-citizen, as the father
or that great council of nations, the In
ternationa! Institute of Agriculture.
In rising to reply It took Mr. Lubln
several minutes to get his bearings
sufficiently to say anything coherent.
Finally, he got hold of himself, and
spoke for half an hour with great
eloquence on the world mission of the
International Institute. He reached
the climax of his address, when, turn
ing to Mr. Capellt. president of the in
stitute, he presented the cup to be
placed permanently In the palace of
the International Institute as a sign
of peace and good will among all civ
ilized nations, which are being drawn
closer together through the delibera
tions of this world council.
The third day In Rome was marked
by the presence of two of the world's
foremost co-operators. Luzzatti and
Wollemburg. Both of these men have
been pioneers in the Italian co-operative
credit movement. The former
started the first co-operative '"people's
bank" at Milan in 1865. The latter
founded the first Italian "rural bank"
fit Orregla In 1S83.
The "people's banks" are hanks with
share capital and limited ltablltty.
They serve both farmers and towns
people. There are about 740 of them
1n all. with paid-up capital and re
serves amounting to $32,000,000. sav
ings deposits of $212,000,000, and a
membership of more than half a mil
lion. Joint Credit Pledged.
The rural banks are modeled on
the Ralffeisen unions of Germany, and
tm to borrow from outside sources on
the Joint unlimited liability of their
members. They receive deposits both
from members and non-members, on
which they pay from 3 to 4 per cent
interest. These deposits amount In
round numbers to $20,000,000. and form
a large part of the working capital
of the banks. The rural banks deal
mostly In small loans, ranging from
$10 to $200. Such loans are for periods
running from in days to 10 years. The
long time loans are usually granted
for permanent Improvements. from
which returns are only gradually real
ised. They are usually made "on an
Amortisation plan. which provides
for the payment of interest together
with th extinction of the dept In a
rte varying from S tfc to 7 per cent
per annum.
The leaders. Luzzattl and Wollem
rorg. are both enthusiastic, devoted
men. Their systems work together
harmoniously, the one supplementing
the other, both through the financial
assistance they give each other and
in co-operating to reach the greatest
number of people possible with the
means at their disposal.
"-Operation Chiefly In 'North.
In the space of this leter it would
be Impossible to give an adequate
Idea of rural credit and co-operation
In Italy. Voluntary co-operation exists
mainly in the North. Here we find, be
sides the credit unions described, socie
ties for the collective purchase of
farm supplies, one of which, at
rtaoenzM. has inn branch associations.
Co-oper.nlve productive associations,
such as creameries, cheese factories,
wineries, olive oil factories, alcohol
distilleries, and establishments for the
preparation and sale of raw silk, citrus
fruit essences, preserves, fresh fruits
and vegetables are securing better re
turns for the products of the soil than
would be possible under individualistic
methods. Chemical manure works and
mutual insurance societies are supplv
tng these fundamental wants of the
fnrmer at the lowest possible cost.
Finally, thete are Ml societies In Italy
made up of laborers who rent large es
tates on a collective lease and divide
tho land among the members lo be cul-
rOOL, Summery wash dresses for both
ladies and misses linens, silk poplins and other
popular fabrics gracefully draped and carefully made; very
attractively priced at $6.85 to $24.85.
Light-weight wool serge dresses in the staple
colors: regularly $7.85, $9.85, $12.85, $15.85
and $24.85 buy them now for One -Fourth
Less.
See a few models displayed
in our Fourth-street -window
FOR DUSTY DAYS- a duster, of course;
we show splendid, roomy garments at $2,
$2.50. $3.50, $4, $5, $6, $7.50, $10, $12.50
and $15.
KHAKI SUITS, ONE-HALF Take home a
khaki suit for outing wear; coats, skirts and
riding breeches, regularlv priced $2 to $6, are
now HALF PRICE.
SPRING COATS REDUCED ONE-FOURTH All
our Spring Coats for Ladies and Misses tvere made
by leading New York ladies' garment-makers;
everyone we offer at this reduction is a model of
the present season. Normally priced at $15, $18,
$25 and $30 buy them now for $11.25, $13.50,
$18.75 and $22.50.
Today and tomorrow ladies' pure silk hose in
white or tan. all sizes ; 69c for regular $1 grade.
Summer blazer coats in college
colors; regularly $8 now $2.50
BEN SELLING c5S
MORRISON STREET AT FOURTH
tivated in small holdings. Thus the
transition is accomplished co-operative
ly from the laboring to the tenant class
In the South of Italy, where initiative
has been lacking-, the government has
taken an active part in rural organiza
tions. Credit is supplied to rural organ-
zatlons through two great national in
stitutions, the Bank of Naples and the
Bank of Sicily. These banks are gov
ernment subsidized and under national
control. They receive savings through
many branches; have no share capital:
they distribute no profits. They are
largely philanthropic In aim, actively
encourage organization, and are the
means of providing for the southern
provinces many of the ad van tages
which the northern people secure
through their own efforts.
Object Lesson Valuable.
To the American people Italy pre
sents some valuable object lessons.
First, we . may place their widespread
application of co-operation to both
rural and urban conditions. This is no
easy task among a people differing so
widely as does the population of dif
ferent parts of the country. we have
the LAtln South, artistic, genial, of
fine physical virility, but lacking con
siderably in the initiative necessary to
mould their own destiny construct
ively.
Over against the southern population
we have the Teutonic north, reaching
perhaps, the extreme of individualism
among- the small farmers of Tuscan y
where every peasant esteems himself a
little monarch In his own right. Be
tween these extremes are many de
grees of difference in individual char
acter and ideals.
Tet in spite of racial religions, and
political differences, thev are apply
ing teamwork to the solution of their
economic problems with an intern
gf nee and success which puts our
American farmer and laborer to shame.
They would hesitate to place any limit
on the application of the co-operative
principle. We even find at Reggio a
railroad built and operated co-opera
tively. It runs its own machine shops
and car factory, and the equipment
for landing both freight and passen
ger traffic is reported first-class In
every respect.
In education, Italy is laboring under
difficulties which we can scarcely
grasp In the United States. But their
extensive system for carrying agri
cultural Instruction right to the farm
Is better developed than in most Amer
ican states. Sicily, for example. Is
divided into 12 districts, each having
two or three Instructors who go to the
farmers, win their confidence and show
them how to get results.
Nature Combined With Art.
Then, too. we of the United States
have much to lern from Italy in the
nrt of combining beauty with utility.
This is manifest in the building of
houses, road?, bridges In fact nature
and art combine to make Italy one of
the most beautiful countries in the
world. UttJe wonder that TJagoes
live like dogs In America that they
may buy a few acres In the home land,
where they may spend the evenings
of their days. When we look at their
coarse clothing and hard fare, let us
remember that they are upheld by a
vision of a little farm amid hills
clothed in vines clinging about the
olive tree and orange. Near by Is a vil
lage filled with friends and social
pleasures; and running through the vil
lage, pai-t the little farm, is a curving,
hard white road bordered with flowers
and arched with trees at many a shady
nook.
If we can but cath a glimpse of the
"Dago's' vision, we may cease to wonder
why he does not settle on an American
farm, beside a road, muddy, unkept
and lined with sprawling fences.
There are also many things we
might learn not to do in America, by a
study of Italian conditions, but with
these we are not here concerned.
Of their system of mortgage credit
t might have spoken, but we shall
meet with It in almost every country
we visit and can deal with it later.
PROFITS NOT REAL
Gary Condemns Old Methods
of Bookkeeping.
CREDIT GIVEN TO SCHWAB
CICERONE IS INDICTED
Young Man Said to Have Robbed
Rich Folks He Showed Aronnd.
LOS ANGELES. June 12. Playing
guide. philosopher and friend to
wealthy young men who wanted to iee
New York town netted Henry W.
Sewells. a(ted 23. more than $75,000.
according to the police who arrested
the young man today on a larceny In
dictment returned in New York.
The specific charge against Sewells
is that he rohbed Howard Wntett, son
of J. Macy Wlllett. a wealthy New
Yorker, of $4700. while the two were
on a sightseeing tour In New York.
Sewells is said to have admitted that
he was the man named in the indict
ment, hut he denied that he had robbed
the various young men with whom he
has been associated.
In Old Days, Says Steel Chairman,
Profits Were Only Apparent.
Competition, Considering- Ter
ritory, Was Deceptive.
NEW YORK. June 12. "Substantial
competition" existed between the Car
negie and Federal Steel Companies at
the time they were acquired by the
United States Steel Corporation. Judge
Elbert H. Gary so testified on cross
examination today in the Government's
dissolution suit against the corporation.
"They were substantialy in competi
tion. I don't want to minimize that, es
pecially In rails," was his testimony,
"but when you consider the respective
territories of the two there was not so
much competition as would appear."
Judge Gary added that during one
period the Carnegie company sold rails
in the Chicago district at $18 a ton.
"I willingly admit" he said, "that
this had a great effect on the Illinois
Steel Company (a subsidiary of the
Federal). It forced the Illinois to sell
Its rails below cost and it was fast get
ting into bankruptcy."
The Federal and the Carnegie Com
panies each produced rails, sheared
plates, tin plate bars, billets and mer
chant steel. Judge Gary said he did
not think the Carnegie company made
any profit by selling rails in the Chi
cago district.
"Would you be surprised to learn."
asked Jacob M. Dickinson, attorney for
the Government, "that the records show
that rails were the chief business of the
Carnegie company and showed the most
profit?"
"I would like to say that in the old
days methods of bookkeeping were
such that the books frequently showed
a profit v. here there was no pVofit. In
Jtistice to Adrew Carnegie. I wish to say
that since 1897 there has been a ma
terial change in this respect, largely
due to Charles M. Schwab."
of Marlon L. J. Lambert, and is sev
eral years older than young Busch.
CANAL TO AWAIT WILSON
Goethals Says He Can Hold Water
Back if Necessary.
WASHINGTON. June 1. Colonel
George W. Goethals, chief engineer of
the Panama Canal, conferred with
President Wilson today about his pros
pective visit to the Canal Zone. The
President told the Colonel he would
visit the l6thmus as soon as Congress
adjourned, but did not hazard any
guess as to when that might be.
Colonel Goethals said he expected to
let the water in about October 1.
"I can hold the water out for two
weeks longer, however." said Colonel
Goethals, "if the President should be
delayed in getting down, as I want
him to see the canal before the water is
put In."
ARGENTINA AIDS "TRUST"
Government "Xot Called On" to
Modify Business Laws.
BUENOS AYRES, June 12. The
American meat packing companies op
erating in Argentina are not considered
a "trust" by the Argentina government.
The Minister of Agriculture replying,
today, to a note sent to the Government
by six of the leading Anglo-Argentine
chilled beef companies protesting
against what they called "the trust,"
said:
"After investigation, the government
considers that it is not called on to
modify the existing regime of liberty
which permits the development of In
dustry in Argentina."
Prison Guard and Convict Dead.
CANON CITY. Colo., June 12. John
B. Russell, captain of the night guards
at the State Penitentiary here, was shot
and instantly killed early today at La
veta by Conley Baldwin, an escaped
convict -whom he attempted to arrest.
Russell shot Baldwin who died late
today.
WORRELL'S
IF
CLOAKS, SUITS,
WAISTS and DRESSES
ruenftr . fL 1
r im n . o ts. u s - . mm
"r-ULn fx I lw
Odds and Ends Left From Our
Great Premature Explosion
200 Suits, Values to $30, Temptation Sale Price
$ 1 2.45
Temptation Sale Dresses, 60 Dresses Values to $20
$6.95
TEMPTATION SALE of COATS
$9.95
The greatest aggregation to be found in
Portland. Every style, color and make.
Exclusive patterns and styles. Values
to $25.00. Temptation Sale price
WORRELL'S
SAMPLE CLOAKS
AND SUITS
LARGEST CLOAK AND SUIT HOUSE IN THE NORTHWEST
CORNER SIXTH AND ALDER STREETS, OPPOSITE OREGONIAN
LANDS NEED LABOR
Brazilian Envoy Tells of Deal
With Japanese.
LOW GROUND NOT IN USE
Government Has Encouraged Rice
Farmers From Orient, but Has
Made No Deal With Gov
ernment Officially.
WASHINGTON, June 12. A state
dinner tonight by Secretary Bryan to
Dr. Lauro Muller, Brazilian Minister
of Foreign Affairs, here on a special
mission, closed a busy day of enter
tainment and" sightseeing1 for the vis
itor. The programme included an inspec
tion of how the United States manu
factures 14-inch guns for the Navy at
the Government plant here, a pan
American union luncheon, and visits
to the Capitol and Congressional Li
brary. In the Senate Chamber Dr. Muller
left his card at the desk of Senator
Root, whose visit to Brazil In 1906
as Secretary of State he is repaying.
Dr. Muller talked with some callers.
through his interpreter, about the im
migration of Japanese to Brazil.
Japanese Xot Colonizing.
"Some thousands of Japanese are
coming- Into Sao Paulo, a state of Bra
zil, for agricultural purposes, but it
is not true that colonization agree
ments have been entered into between
Japan and Brazil as governments,' he
said.
"In Brazil we are In the same posi
tion as we were 50 years ago, the same
position that your State of California
was in at that time we need popula
tion. The lands in Sao Paulo State,
into which Japanese are coming, are
low lands, near the sea, good for the
production of rice, but the people of
Brazil will not go into them.
"Individual owners In that state,
through the State of Sao Paulo, made
an agreement with an immigration
concern in Japan to bring us a few
thousand laborers to grow rice there
laborers such as the United States
has engaged in the digging of the
Panama Canal.
Laws of States Alike.
"We have not encouraged the Jap
anese to emigrate to our country. For
years we have subsidized immigration,
but never the immigration of Jap
anese. We need labor and immigra
tion, however, and if the question of
encroachment by Japanese should ever
come up In our country we would be
able to deal with It without the diffi
culty experienced by the United States
and California, for in Brazil we have
unity of legislation.
"The laws of the states are alike in
Brazil and the central government
watches over questions like that."
Cranberry Boomer Dies.
NEW YORK, June 12. Patrick T.
Quinn. an authority on agriculture,
who was credited with having Intro
duced the American cranberry into
England, died yesterday at his home
here, aged 75 years.
1
Many people cannot afford to
have weak nerves. It would mean
loss of livelihood. To everyone the
loss of nervous energy is a serious
matter. Every action uses up ner
vous energy which in health ia
steadily renewed by the blood.
As soon as the blood, for any
reason, loses this power to con
stantly rebuild the nerves, a ner
vous breakdown threatens.
Dr. Williams' Pink Pills are
a tonic for the blood and their
tonic action strengthens weak ner
ves. They are sold by all drug
gists, fifty cents per box, six boxes
for $2.50 or direct by mail. The
booklet, "Diseases of the Nervous
System," will be sent free upon re
quest. Dr. Williams Medicine Company.
Schenectady. N . Y.
Whereflod GAMBRINUS BEER Is Made
ELDER BUSCH APPROVES
Son's Engagement Indorsed by Both
of Young Man's Parents.
ST. LOOTS, June 12. The announce
meat of the engagement of Adolphus !
Busch III was telegraphed by the Post
Dispatch today to the young man's
father. August A. Busch. active head
of the brewing corporation, of which
Adolphus III is third vice-president.
Hie lather, who Is en route to St.
Louis from New York, telegraphed
back as follows:
"The announcement of my son's en
gagement to Mrs. Lambert has Mrs.
Busch'e and my hearty approval.
"AUGUST A. BUSCH."
Mrs. Lambert is the divorced wife
Today's Beauty Recipes
By Mme. D'Jlille.
"A good and inexpensive corrective
treatment for faults' complexion, sal
lowness, pimples or blotches is easily
made at home by dissolving an original
package of mayatone in a half pint of
witch hazel. Stop using powder and
face creams and gently massage this
mayatone lotion over the face neck
and forearms each morning. It will
protect against sunburn. tan and
freckles, and prevent the growth of
hair. It makes the skin fresh and
smooth, with the color of youth.
"The perfect shampoo is one that
totally removes dandruff. When you
can brush out dandruff scales the dav
after shampooing your scalp has not
been freed from the parasites that
cause dull, faded, brittle and falling
hair. Mother's Shampoo is the best
dandruff remover I know. It keeps
the hair fluffy and full of life and
color.
"Feminine beautv and charm is often
marred by superfluous hair. A. sure,
safe and speedy hair remover Is made
by mixing a little powdered delatone
and water. Cover the wild hairs with
this paste, leave on two minutes, wipe
off. -wash the skin and the hairs will
be jrone." Adv.
Ob high ground and surrounded by the best sanitary conditions. Pure artesian water, quality and purity have
made our brew famous on the Pacific Coast. The ideal Summer tonic
Phone in Your Orders Main 49, A 1149
GAMBRINUS BREWING CO.