8
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, TUESDAY, JUNE . 3, 1913.
fORTLAKD, OKBGOX.
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MR. AIBEE'S EUECTIOX.
Mr. Albee has been elected Rlayor of
Portland by a large vote. He la, at
the hour of this writing, far In the
lead of Mr. Rushlight, his nearest com
petitor, and It Is not too much to
promise that he may have a majority
on first choice. But whether or not
he has achieved his election in this
remarkable manner, the forces of or
der and decency, the elements that
want a sound and efficient business ad
ministration, the people who demand
that politics be withdrawn from mu
nicipal government, have won a great
victory. They have put at the head
of affairs in Portland a trustworthy.
Independent and capable man. They
have by their votes testified to their
confidence In his character and their
belief in his purposes.
Mr. Albee stands for law enforce
ment, fair dealing, business efficiency,
impartial consideration of all classes.
He has been elected without the aid
of a political machine, or the co-operation
of any organized political clique
or faction. He owes his triumph to
the whole people, and to no group or
class or gapg among them. We think
that In his administration he will show
that the sole inspiration for any ac
tion by him Is the best interest of all.
Now we see in the election of Mr.
Albee a refutation of the theories of
the politicians, and the selfish interests
that work through them, that the peo
ple can be controlled. We see also
that the known favor and support of
some classes such as Infest the Ten
derloin, for example are an immense
handicap to a candidate. An open
appeal to the good sense and
sturdy conscience of the people is all
that any candidate needs.
The women of Portland have had a
large share in Mr. Albee's election.
They not only went to the polls and
voted for him, but they sought every
where to work for him; and their in
fluence radiated through a.11 circles,
and was invincible. The Oregonlan
congratulates them that they have,
thus soon after their enfranchisement,
so completely vindicated the wisdom of
extending the suffrage to them.
Mr. Albee will have many problems
to solve as Mayor;, but Tn Oregonlan
thinks he is up to the Job. It is cer
tain that he will enter upon the office
with the full endowment of a mature
mind and the large equipment, of a
successful business life.
XEIGHUORHOOB) CAXXEBXES.
That almost every fruit district or
vegetable-producing center should
have a local cannerv Is the general
opinion of the residents of such sec
tions, and many flne-soundlng argu
ments are put up to show how much
cheaper it is to ship the canned pro
duct than the green. These logicians
sometimes carry their point and small
canneries are started, most of which
come to grief, often before they are in
operation.
If a cannery is established and con
ducted by men who can produce a lit
tle better product than the average in
stitutions; If connections have been
made with some Jobbing-house to
handle the product, or If in any other
way assurance of good prices for the
output Is obtained, the cannery may
succeed. But for a small. Independent
cannery to go into the business hap
hazard, trusting to the normal de
mands of the market for the disposal
of its wares, then it finds itself be
tween two fires the large canneries
and the Jobbers.
. A largo Institution In a city of con
siderable size, like Portland, has every
advantage over the small concern in
the small city. In the first place the
product Is of so much importance as
to bulk that buyers are attracted and
as a rule these large enterprises have
sufllclent capital to hold their pack
and take advantage of the fluctuations
of the market. If the product is first
class almost any reputable jobber is
glad to take the entire pack, for he is
then In a position to control the mar
ket and obtain a good profit.
In establishing a small cannery la
bor conditions must be taken into
consideration. A cannery may want
say 300 girls and boys and a score or
two of other help for a few days or
weeks, then none for a considerable
period. It is difficult to get help just
when and in what quantity it is re
quired in a small place.
The city cannery can run practically
the year round, alternating the prod
uct according to the season. The
small-town cannery cannot do this; the
plant must He many months Idle per
haps at the expense of a watchman or
two all the time: the machinery rusts,
everything suffers from ldlene.ss.
' The only advantage had by the small
canneries near the source of produc
tion is the carriage charges, but these
are more than offset by other con
siderations. In this city the freight
on fruits from the growers up the
valley, for instance. Is of small im
portance to the large packers. The
ability to use all by-products more
than offsets this expense.
Any community wishing to estab
lish a cannery should be very careful
and go over the ground thoroughly.
No doubt there are opportunities in
the fruit centers for the adoption of
expert methods whereby a product so
far superior to others of like kind can
be packed as to make the venture a
success from the start. But do not
take the word of the promoter or the
machinery vendor for this. Go into the
subject to the very bottom before
putting a dollar into it. Often one
hundred dollars expended by a com
mittee of investigation will save many
thousands to a community.
PROSECUTION OF JINGOES.
Secretary Daniels would like to
prosecute newspapers which publish
false reports tending to provoke war
with other nations. Secretary Bryan
in effect indorses the suggestion. We
should like to silence the yellow jin
goes, but prosecution Is a doubtful
method. It would necessitate reve
lation of the truth which they had dis
torted, and there might be reasons of
state for not making the revelation.
Moreover, the American people are
very reluctant to approve official
prosecution for criticism of the Gov
ernment or for telling what the Gov
ernment wishes to keep secret.
Even were a yellow publisher con
victed and punished, the Government
might find it had only played his
game for him. He thrives on public
ity and would rather he advertised as
a faker than pass unnoticed. He
would cry "persecution" and would
receive the ready support of the light
headed, unthinking people, who arc
instinctively "fernlnst de govment,"
right or wrong.
It rather seems that we must en
dure the yellow journalist, with his
manufacture or distortion of facts, as
an unavoidable evil accompanying the
blessings of liberty. Left to himself,
he will expose his own falsehoods and
discredit himself with level-headed
people, who are, after all. In the ma
jority. ALASKA'S FUTURE.
The Senate inquiry Into the Alaska
railroad question has been the means
of opening the minds of many Senators
to a knowledge of the great resources
of the far northern territory. They
have been informed by such old Alas
kans as Delegate Wlckersham, John
B. Bailalne and Falcon Joslin that. In
the words of Mr. Wickersham, "we
raise as fine crops In the Tanana Val
ley as can be raised anywhere pota
toes, cabbage, .carrots, beets, turnips
and everything of that kind, - cauli
flower, barley and wheat."
They have learned that Norway,
Sweden and Finland are in practically
the same latitude as Alaska; that the
latter country has an equal agricul
tural area, and that the three former
countries support 12,000,000 people.
Tet those countries lack the coal, cop
per, gold and fisheries of Alaska. The
Senators have learned that the Tanana
Valley alone has an agricultural area
of 300 by 50 miles. To this must be
added the Susitna, Kantishna and
Kuskokwlm Valleys.
There Is also good timber in some of
these valleys, better in the interior
than near the coast. Men who know
Alaska look forward to its supporting
a thriving population of 10,000,000 or
12,000,000. Only those who don't
know it persist in regarding it as a
snowbound wilderness, fringed with
salmon canneries and dotted at wide
intervals with mining camps.
WE SHOULD WORRY.
The Oregonlan observes that certain
of its contemporaries are somewhat
disturbed over a so-called violation of
the corrupt practices act by The Ore
gonlan in printing political advertise
ments and editorial comment on the
day of election. The Oregonlan has not
violated the corrupt practices act, nor
any other act, by pursuing its usual
bi siness of printing a daily newspaper
on election day, as on other days. The
act does not attempt to restrain or in
terfere with newspapers; it would un
doubtedly be unconstitutional if it
sought to include them.
The purpose of the Oregon corrupt
practices act Is doubtless to prohibit
the personal solicitation of voters on
the day of election, for or against any
candidate or for or against any meas
ure. The function of a newspaper is
to print the news, and to advise. In
struct and admonish lt3 readers
through its editorial columns on all
subjects. If the voter were to be per
sonally approached at the polls, or on
his way to the polls, the law would
doubtless he violated; but if he seeks
counsel or advice from the usual
sources of information, that is his sov
ereign right. A newspaper addresses
its readers on election day as on other
days, and is circulated through its
usual channels. It would be an extra
ordinary law that sought to limit its
constitutional freedom of expression
and discussion.
Moreover, The Oregonlan is in the
hands of its readers on election day in
Portland before the polls open. It is
clear that, even If the corrupt prac
tices act sought to make the news
papers dumb on election day, a Port
land morning newspaper would be
published and distributed in the city
before election day began, for in a
legal sense election day is from 8 A. M.
to 7 P. M.
The Oregonlan will go calmly on
printing a newspaper every morning
in the year. It has seen many elec
tion days and will see many more, un
doubtedly; and it win serve Its readers
on such days as It does, and always
has, on all other days.
INSURANCE AGATNST WAR.
Lltfle Americans who continually
dwell on the cost of armament see
only one side of the picture. The cost
of preparedness for war is as nothing
compared with the cost of war invited
by being unprepared. Japan's war
with Russia piled on her a debt of
$1,271,745,000, the interest on which
is alone a great burden. Since our
Civil War we have paid out in pen
sions $4,286,922,719, and we shall con
tinue paying for many years to come.
This Is aside from the debt we in
curred, of which nearly $1,000,000,000
remains unpaid.
Peace advocates are accustomed to
scoff at the argument that an army
and navy are an insurance against war,
but they have surely proved so. We
are accustomed to expatiate on the
great military expenditures of Ger
many, but she probably owes to them
her forty-two years of immunity from
war, during which she has risen to
the front rank among industrial, ship
ping and commercial nations. Ger
many considers her military budget
not too great a price to pay for safety
while she achieves such great prog
ress in the arts of peace. Had Ger
many relaxed military vigilance, with
vengeful France on one border and
greedy Russia on the other, war would
probably have set her back again and
we should not see the Germany we see
today. Add to the money cost of war
the loss of Hie and efficiency, the
devastation, the interruption of all
peaceful, productive vocations and the
after expense of pensions, and we shall
find the cost of military preparedness
a moderate premium as insurance of
peace.
Recent wars have been due largely
to lack of preparation on the part of
one nation concerned. Japan knew
China was not ready in 1894 and that
Russia was not ready in 1904. Eng
land's neglect to reinforce her army in
South Africa emboldened the Boers to
attack. in 18 99. The Balkan states re
lied solely on the habitual unreadiness
of the Turks for victory in 1912. Had
Spain possessed the might which made
her the chief power of Europe-" under
Philip II, we should not have entered
so gaily into the war of 189 8. The
lesson is plain that the natron which is
ready to fight averts war by that very
fact. Hence the seeming paradox is
true that the worst enemies of peace
are those whose horror of war prompts
them to neglect warlike measures.
ABOUT PRONUNCIATION.
A mildly complaining correspondent
whose letter Is printed in another part
of the paper wonders at the perverse
pronunciation of people In these quar
ters. In the Atlantic regions Willam
ette rhymes with get and bet and fret.
Here it rhymes with slam it and jam
it and still more objectionable' expres
sions. No doubt this vlgftr of pronuncia
tion is caused by the great quantities
of ozone we are privileged to breathe
from tha slopes of our fir-clad moun
tains and the breezes of our boundless
ocean. But it is perhaps pertinent to
notice that there are many Indian
names with the syllable "am" next to
the end and that It always takes the
accent. It is thus with Kalama and
Cathlamet and others we could men
tion. The unlearned traveler from
England, New or Old, always slips up
on Kalama, which he pronounces as
If it were the first three syllables of
Kalamazoo. This effect of bad ex
ample we pardon while deploring it.
As for those British pronunciations
which our correspondent cites to chas
ten our pride, we scoff at them. It
may be all very well- for an islander
to enunciate "aristocrat" with the ac
cent on the first syllable, but he can
not really expect more broad-minded
and progressive populations to imitate
him. A nation who pronounce Choi
mondeley "Chumley" and call Har
wich "Harridge" are capable of any
enormities in the vocal line. We free
ly concede to them their monstrosities
of speech and cheerfully go our ways
satisfied with our own perfections.
The "West" in Westminster does not
mean as much to us as to a Londoner.
We never have had occasion, even in
a dim past, to contrast it with any
"Eastmlnster." So our accent slides
along to the more facile syllable. But
when it comes to Milan with the stress
.on the "Mi," we begin to feel as if
excuses avere running short. It Is Just
barely possible that our usage in this
particular admits of improvement.
We do not pretend to be infallible.
BEST SELLERS,
Authors whose works do not sell
very well often find balm for their
feelings, if not for their pockets. In the
reflection that popular books are al
ways trashy. The feeble qualities of
"best sellers"are so much taken or
granted that one novelist has put up a
public prayer that none of his books
may ever attain to that low distinc
tion. This Is a prayer which Is pretty
sure of being answered. Indeed, one
Is permitted to question whether the
matter would not have been attended
to even If the novelist had not Invoked
divine intervention. No doubt writers
and artists of all sorts who express
unbounded contempt for popular ap
preciation are perfectly sincere. It Is
probably their inner scorn of the pub
lic which cuts them oft from human
sympathy and fatally restricts the sale
of their productions. But It may also
be suspected without offense that af
fected contempt for vulgar tastes and
money sometimes conceals real heart
burnings over neglected genius. When
all is said and done, authors know as
well as anybody else that the greatest
books of the world have as a rule been
the most popular, and we may safely
make up our minds that only the rar
est of literary men really rejoice in
their poor sales.
The term "best seller" has fallen
Into undeservecP-contempt in our time
partly because of puffery. Some pub
lisher who Imagines he has lighted
upon a black swan or a white elephant
heralds the precarious fact to the ends
of the earth in capitals a foot tall. The
trees by the roadside blossom with the
glories of his author. Every barn is
illuminated with his fame. The
chicken coops of the land flame with
his unparalleled claims to immortality.
But when the reader, under stress of
irresistibly suggestive advertising,
finally yields his better judgment and
buys the book, he finds, after all, that
it is merely one more of the poor old
lot, intellectual sawdust and senti
mental cold mush. Disappointments
of this sort have naturally cast some
little disfavor upon that kind of best
sellers which have been dynamited
into popularity. The explosive goes
off as brilliantly as ever, hut the multi
tude gazes on the tumult with an im
passive smile and goes peacefully on
to choose its books by other methods.
What makes a book popular In normal
times is the quiet hint of one reader
to another. Lovers of books form a
secret brotherhood who recognize one
another by certain infallible signs,
grips and passwords which we would
gladly disclose were it not forbidden.
When a member of this chosen frater
nity finds a story he likes or lights
upon a genuinely good book of more
solid aspirations, like "The Call of the
Carpenter" or Norman Angell's "Great
Illusion," he forthwith passes the word
along. More often, though, it is "she,"
not "he," who passes it. These incon
spicuous praises make an author's for
tune if he can win them. They count
for more than all the pomp of post
ers and all the majesty of magazine
puffs.
And when a book wings its way to
great popularity on these noiseless pin
Ions it is almost certain to be a good
book, if not-a great one. Any author,
no matter how. high and mighty he
may be, may thank his stars if he has
pleased a few hundred booklovers well
enough to make them whisper the title
of his novel or essay or what not to
their colleagues of the fraternity with
the injunction "Go and buy it," for
buy It they will In multiplying; thou
sands and it will rapidly graduate Into
a best seller. To decry popularity of
this kind as a sign of inferiority is
pure malice, or envy, which is worse.
Authors who find themselves secretly
or openly deriding it should pray to be
delivered from their uncharitable state
of mind. It is the kind of popularity
which Scott had in his glorious day.
Dickens had it, too, and so did Thack.
eray. It would be difficult to name an
author whose' fame has been enduring
who was not popular In his time. If
Milton's sad case be cited, we admit
that "Paradise Lost" was published
when he "had fallen on evil times," as
he himself says, but it cannot be de
nled that in his younger days Milton
was the author of best sellers. Shake
speare was, if we may apply that term
to the drama by widening Its use a
little. And think of Goethe's world
wide vogue before he reached old age,
as well as Ibsen's and Tolstoi's.
With one or two exceptions the writ
ers of the last hundred years with the
clearest title to fame have received it
most amply and their books have sold
best. George Meredith seems to be an
exception, but -with all the praise he
has received from the super-refined
reading public it is extremely doubtful
whether his pretensions to immortality
are solid. Without needlessly incur
ring the odium of prophecy, we may
venture to doubt whether he will have
as many readers as the "vulgar" Dick
ens a century from now, or whether he
will deserve them. .A man who, like
Meredith, ostentatiously appeals to a
restricted circle is usually left by the
public to the full enjoyment of his soli
tude because he lacks that .broad hu
manity which is really the most im
portant factor in lasting fame.
So when one of our current produc
ers of fiction or any other literary
goods finds his sales mounting into the
hundreds of thousands, he need not
tremble lest his popularity cloud his
title to immortality. The fact of the
matter is that his lively sally into the
affection of the world gives him the
"best possible start toward a seat be
side Homer and Milton. A writer
who profoundly ' impresses his own
generation may not impress the next
one at all, but he has a far better
chance to do it than one whose books
fall into Immediate oblivion. Who is
going to dig into the dust of the past
to unearth them? Someone may.
Miracles of that kind have happened
and may recur, but more to be envied
is the luck of the author who never
needs to be unearthed. Nine times out
of ten if an author is not saved by his
own generation he Is lost forever.
The Philadelphia youth who has
"trisected the angle" will sit next to
the brilliant army of circle squarers in
the hall of fame. Problems of this
sort, which have been proved to be
Insoluble, allure the efforts of the un
taught and delude them with imagin
ary success. It is a pity that young
Gross, who fancies he has solved the
trisection problem, could not be told
to exert his mind more profitably, but
since his teachers seem to be as much
misled as he Is himself, there is little
hope for him, we fear.
It is edifying in the extreme to- see
an elderly citizen hopping and skip
ping as he crosses the street to get out
of the way of a 16-year-old boy in a
big auto. The boy's business is far
more important than the man's. He
has no brake and is too grand to use
it if he had. So he toots and the rev
erend citizen dances. The earth be
longs to the young anyway. Men past
4 0 have no business here but to die,
and the job of finishing them might as
well be done by an auto as by typhoid
fever.
A most attractive outing number has
been issued by the Seattle Argus. The
frontispiece is a striking picture of a
large automobile party on a road
among the giant firs and the paper
abounds in well-executed halftones of
scenery and sports In the beautiful
Puget Sound country. There are sev
eral well-written articles on the op
portunities for Summer pleasures of
fered by Western Washington.
The Southern negro continues to
commit suicide on available opportu
nity. One who was wealthy and had
succeeded in becoming supreme chan
cellor of the colored Knights of Pyth
ias, insisted on- riding in Pullman cars
in states where there is a Jim Crow
provision for him and was taken from
the train at Milton, Fla., and lynched.
Railway mail clerks who object to
work with colored men must be actu
ated more by fear than simple race
prejudice, for the negro who can land
a job of that kind is a pretty smart
boy and Is bound to rise.
Salem printers do not take kindly to
the Governor's plan to do the work in
the penitentiary. Why worry? The
Governor will not disturb his friends
in the ranks of organized labor.
Campaign expenses have knocked
all hope of Summer and Winter wraps,
diamonds and other articles of per
sonal adornment. Even the iceman
may feel the stringency.
T. R. celebrated his victory "with
bumpers of milk. It Is possible, of
course, that by way of variety he took
a drink of light white wine, or a glass
of champagne.
A blind student is one of the honor
men at Columbia University; yet there
are people possessing all the senses
and faculties who bewail lack of op
portunity.
A Southern farmer, falling heir to
millions, went ahead plowing. Evi.
dently he did not wish to take any
chances of squandering his happiness.
Counterfeiters on the Coast need not
exult over the transfer of Stephen
Connell to the East- He can return at
any time and catch them.
In the rose-tinted dawn of the morn
ing after, this seems to a few score
people a tough old world, from the
local point of view.
A Philadelphia prodigy has tri
sected an angle. But could he solve
the intricacies of first, second and third
choice?
Long after the polls closed it was
easier to solve the trisection of the
angle than to tell who was elected.
Many a candidate's wife voted for
him, but her opinion, privately ex
pressed tonight, -will he scorching.
Union of all fruit sections of the
Coast Into a central selling agency
means 'good returns to the grower.
The man who Is a cheerful loser this
morning will be all the better known
next time, if that is any consolation.
If temperatures and rivers combine,
Rex Oregonus may be able to come
right up into town.
The Governor is displaying perni
cious activity at The Dalles, from a
local point of view.
About time now for those "safe and
sane Fourth" chaps to get wound up.
Desertions from the Navy are fall
ing off- Tar sticks.
That six cents isn't enough to buy a
drink with.
Now the mercury has taken np aero,
nautics.
Clear the decks for Festival week.
TRAINING SCHOOL THAT TRAINS
Visit at State Institution Impresses One
Wttn. Its Value.
- PORTLAND, June 2. (To the Edi
tor.) In this age of selfishness and
graft, when politics control our public
schools, universities and other state In
stitutions, it is refreshing to visit an
Institution that is performing the func
tion the taxpayers had Intended it
should. The writer had that privilege
Friday. A party from Portland went
to Salem that they might see and know
more of this beautiful Oregon country.
We first visited the Asylum for the
Insane and were told that the Institu
tion was closed to visitors on Saturday.
Sunday and holidays, practically mak
ing a visit impossible. The same con
dition prevailed at the penitentiary. We
were then told we might be able to see
the State Training School. Havlnir
taught school at one time for a num
ber of years, 1 was esoeciallv inter
ested In the training of Incorrigible (?)
We were most Kraciouslv received h
one of the boys and shown to the of
fice. The superintendent came and was
delighted to find us interested in "his
ooys. we were taken over the grounds
and then through the buildings. No
part of the training of the- boys was
neglected. There was work for head
and heart and hand. There was a
laundry, shoeshop, etc, and broad acres
all In cultivation. Then, In addition,
there were Individual flower gardens,
the superintendent seeming to realize
what It means to have something "all
your own." We were taken to the
schoolrooms and proudly told bv one
boy that the class had reached a higher
standing this year than any previous
year.
I commented on the rows of shining
cream cans standing in the sun and
was told by the superintendent that he
tried at all times and In every branch
of work to teach care and thorough
ness to his boys. It not only meant
wholesome food for them here, but
meant much In their after-life work.
Very strict care Is given to their
schooling end no boy is required to
leave the schoolroom to do other work.
mink or It! The superintendent
actually seemed to believe the lnstltn
Hon existed for the boys and not for
his own glorification. Does all this
pay? What would you take for a sound,
healthy body? The boys often come
sick In mind and bodv. but cure food
regular sleep and exercise soon tell
ror good and the boys are. oh! so grate
rut. one small lad of 12 wrote home
to nls stepfather: "Oh. Dana, ston
smoking. You don't know how good
you h reel.
Thank God for a man who can wield
sucn influence and may the day come
wnen tne work can be extended.
MRS. S. M. H.
CONTRASTS IN PRONUNCIATION
Correspondent Marvels at Difference
Between English and American Way.
SALEM, Or., June 1. (To the Ed
itor.) When I arrived In this beauti
ful part of the. country a few years
ago, I thought the river running
through the Valley was pronounced
Willamette, with the accent on the last
syllable. I soon was Informed that
the correct way was Willamette, and I
adopted the more euphonious pronun
ciation with pleasure.
I found that my new acquaintances
were rather Inclined to be amused at
my account; but one. day I was asked
If I had ever visited Westminster
Abbey. When I rather timidly In
quired If Westminster Abbey accept
on the first -syllable was meant, my
Interrogator seemed amused and told
me that the former was what It was
called here. Pardon my surprise, but I
found numerous other English and
other European proper names had
changed their familiar sound.
Milan Is here aillan. Westmoreland Is
changed to Westmoreland, Madras Is
called Madras. I notice that In Califor
nia they retain, the Spanish pronuncia
tion of proper names. . Why not here
those above?
Our long-established aristocrat is
here an aristocrat. But I think I have
been more astonished at the way the
terms, not titles, "reverend" and "honor
able" are used. Even your usually
very correct and admirably-edited pub
lication mentions Rev. J. L. Lewis or
Hon. George E. Chamberlain. This
seems to obtain generally In fact In
this country. I have not been able to
get any explanation other than "when
an expression is generally used It
makes it correct." In England we say
"the reverend" and "the honorable."
I consulted a very eminent authority
on the subject, Richard Grant White.
He says In his book, "Words and Their
Uses," "the article Is absolutely re
quired." May I ask If. you will kindly
give a. short dissertation on the sub
ject which will be of Interest to many
In this and other unlversitv towns.
T. CHAPMAN.
TRIBUTE FllOM OLD TIME PUPIL
One Who Remembers Him at Portland
Academy Praises 'V. M. Gates.
SAN FRANCISCO, May 30. (To the
Editor.) I have only recently learned
of the death of Prof. Thomas M. Gatch,
in Seattle, though he passed away sev
eral weeks ago, and I feel that a brief
tribute to the memory of this dis
tinguished pioneer schoolmaster from
one of his pupils In the days long gone
is appropriate and due.
In the last half of the 60s Professor
Gatch was principal of the Portland
Academy and Female Seminary, lo
cated on the block bounded by Seventh,
Park, Jefferson and Columbia streets,
and at that Institution many of Ore
gon's prominent citizens of today se
cured their early training. Going back
In retrospection I do not recall any but.
the pleasantest recollections of that
instructor, and I remember him much
more distinctly than any of the other
teachers who held sway there. He
stands out distinctly in my mind as
the one teacher of that period who
was universally respected bv his nur-
ils. He was capable, conscientious and
a strict disciplinarian, but withal ge
nial, considerate and Just.
He was fortunate In being supported
by capable assistants, the selection of
his staff providing convincing testi
mony to his judgment of character,
and the old academy was never more
popular than when Professor Gatch
was in control. Those of us who
studied under him and were afforded
an opportunity to know him intimately,
will be saddened to know that his
days on earth are ended, although he
lived to a ripe old age and rounded
out most gloriously a life of the
greatest usefulness.
Many of his pupils of the academy
days have preceded their teacher to
the great beyond and those remaining
are no longer young, in a few years
there will be none left to tell the tales
of the Portland schools In the 60s, and
the hopes, ambitions and discourage
ments of the rising generation of that
epoch will have faded into legendry.
EUGENE SHELBY.
Homestead Rights.
ROSEBURG, Or., June 1. (To the
Editor.) When a person makes home
stead application on 160 acres, can he
survey or legally hold more land?
SUBSCRIBER.
It Is a crime to fence or inclose un
appropriated Government land. There
Is no restriction on the homesteader
acquiring additional land from private
Individuals, or making formal entry on
mining or timber claims.
Household Tax.
PORTLAND, June 1. (To the Edi
tor.) Has or has not the District At
torney or City Attorney rendered an
opinion that the tax on household ef
fects is not collectable? "IOWA."
The Attorney-General has rendered
such an opinion and tha District At
torney has, in effect, agreed with him.
LAW EVER PRESENT AND MIGHTY.
Berlin Regulates Things From Hatpins
to Pianos.
BERLIN, Prussia, May 16. (To the
Editor.) In The Oregonlan April 20
Basil Lambert makes a terrible ar
raignment of Berlin, asserting "It is
the noisiest, vulgarest, most luxurious
and the most pleasure-loving: of all the
cities In the world. It Is the modern
Babylon." Using his words. "This is a
tragic discovery." ne denounces the
cafes, "ausflugsoets" and many other
features, stigmatizing the city as
"exotic." Another Impeachment is that
no other city has so suddenly and rap
idly acquired wealth.
I shall not contribute manv statis
tics, but In the past 30 years the popu
lation of the United Kingdom has in
creased 25 per cent and her foreign
trade has increased 40 per cent. In the
United States the population has In
creased S5 per cent and the foreign
trade 50 per cent. During the same 30
years Germany's population has in
creased 35 per cent and her 'foreign
commerce has increased 250 per cent.
u ucu.nnj i.ie industrial and com
mercial army is directed by master
minds, policed by the srovernment. nur
tured by special leKislation.
When one comes from America It
takes some time to get into conformlty
with the dictates of the splendidly
uniformed modus operandi, and if one
should feel that he is resting In the lap
of the law, he knows that if he Is not
permitted to be a nuisance to his
neighbor, neither Is his neighbor per
mitted to be a nuisance to him. By
brains and Industry the people have
created a rich and beautiful city In a
shorter time than ever before pro
duced such tremendous results, and
they will surely apply the wisdom
gained by the experience of the past to
the problems of the present.
Berlin has none of the heroic natural
setting of Portland, but it is an inde
scribably beautiful city, as the result
of a harmonious and well-executed
plan, with wide streets, many of which
are parked, even In the business part,
with parks Intersecting at every dozen
blocks or less.
The soft stillness of the nights
means that the piano is legally sup
pressed, and dogs are liable to arrest
If they once bay the moon. Cat music
In the court yards Is unheard of, as
there are no black and white cats, or
cats of any other color, darting through
the shrubbery. Even the phonograph
may only bellow within bounds. No
whistles are allowed to blow. There are
no bells except the soft, deep-toned ca
thedral chimes. The bright, clean,
smokeless atmosphere of Berlin Is not
nature's gift, but a result of restrictive
legislation.
Life Is organized for the community.
In the streetcars hangs a notice that
all hatpins must have the points cov
ered by a cap, and no child can stand or
Kneel on the carseats. The children,
those cheerful, alert little citizens,
seem to possess a resolute eagerness to
obey. Youth Is frolicsome, but ad
mirably well behaved.
The city mirrors forth a fine or
ganization and wise subordination.
There Is no public outlawry, and It
never occurs to a German mind that
any one could be such a licensed lib
ertine as to tread on grass, or hurl a
missile at a bird.
There are no slums, no grimy streets,
no dlngyness, even where Industries
are concentrated. No ash barrels, no
garbage cans and no travesties of fire
escapes, but there are balconies five
stories high draped exquisitely with
vines and flowers, and now there are
purple cascades of wisteria blooms
tumbling from balcony to balcony.
There seems to be no yearly -dole of
deaths paid the automobile. Before
any one Is allowed to use an auto of
any kind, a rigid examination, phy
sical, as well as technical, must be
undergone. The city blocks are largre.
and with the broad streets, all can see
what they are doing, thus eliminating
accidents. The man. In the blue - uni
form, black cloak and helmet cap is
the ever-present policeman, and he al
ways has a notebook In his hand and
with his official pencil records every
Incident, and the government is look
ing over his shoulder, for It exacts
acruplous execution of the laws.
There are artists, musicians, writers
and all other professions and employ
ments who are not less honest, not less
cleanly-living than the Inhabitants of
many a sanctimonious town in the
country, and they would no more think
of shooting the Pope.
There are no files In Berlin and fly
screens are conspicuous for their ab
sence. Everything is so clean that mil
lions of people take their meals In
groves, gardens and balconies during
six months of the year.
All stores and shops compete for a
prize in neatness, and vie with each
other in window displays. The meat
shops are no exception. Growing vines
and flowers are artistically arranged
with the chops and sausages. Custom
ers are not allowed to touch an article
of food until It Is wrapped and handed
to the purchaser.
Berlin Is the cleanest, best lighted
and best policed city In the world.
There are no papers flying In the
streets or parks, or lying in the gut
ters. The streets are scrubbed and
swept every day, so there Is no dust.
No one can "worship the ground an
other walks on," because there is not a
foot of ground that is not paved, or
filled with trees, vines and flowers or
grass. As soon as a pavement is broken
it is mended. There are no neglected
vacant lots to foster a crop of unsightly
weeds which produce seeds to be blown
Into parks and gardens.
All this irreproachable municipal
housekeeping Is done without graft.
It Is a joy to attend theaters, for not
a person In the audience moves, whis
pers or rattles a programme during a
performance on the stage.
"Gemutshllch" Is the German word
for sociable, peace-loving, and It Is
truly exemplified In Berlin, the faces of
the people expressing the thought,
"There is not enough time In which to
be happy." Their greetings are not the
voiceless type of the strict and godly
Pharisee and the puritanical.
They must be very poor, many of
them, but not one of them shows the
poverty that strikes as squalor, filth
and tatters, and there is hope for peo
ple who have sufficient pride to main
tain the best possible appearance.
Germany's capital is saf e --yet. Mr.
Carnegie's fa-orite quotation, "All is
well since all grows better," will, we
earnestly hope, defer the evil day until
the vials of scorn and contempt poured
out so libernllv will run drv.
FRANCES MORELAND HARVEY.
HELIGOLAND A CEMENT ISLAND.
Germany Proposes to Use It as Great
Station tor Airships.
Philadelphia Ledger.
Heligoland, the tiny island sin the
North Sea, which Germany proposes to
turn Into a great station for Its air
ships, is one of the most curious Is
lands in the world.
Its towering cliffs, for Instance, are
largely artificial. Some years ago there
was grave fear that the island, whicn
was steadily growing smaller, would
soon be eaten away entirely by the
waves from the southwest. But $5,000.
000 has been spent on raisin? a mass
ive cliff of granite on this exposed
siae.
On those parts of the coast where
the red. porus rock of the genuine
ciuis has oeen too badly honevcombed
by the seas, hundreds of thousands of
tons of cement have been used to
strengthen the face.
Heligoland has long been an Im
portant naval center. It Is defended
by tire most powerful guns, and Is said
to be prepared for a siege lasting three
years. It is. Indeed, the North Sea
storehouse of the German fleet- Visi
tors are only allowed in the tiny port,
the high plateau that forms the rest
of the Island being carefully guarded
from the public.
Grave of the "Also Rans
By Dean Collins.
'Twas the next 3ay. and through the
street
My friend roamed 'round with lagging
feet:
Oh wild wailed he, and two or three
Big tears fell on his shirt front neat. -Each
time a billboard he would view.
Forth broke the flood of tears anew.
And tenderly said 1. "Praythee '
Why pour your grief out as you do?"
With leaden eye he looked around.
His throat gave forth a choking sound.
And long and hard upon each card
That decked the billboards there, he
frowned.
More than three score, those cards did
grace
The billboards, tacked up ev'ry place.
Huge placards too, each held in view
Some candidate's impressive face.
My friend stave forth a sifth dejected.
"Only six men were there elected.
And all tile rest, the worst or best.
Got what they should have long ex
pected. Therefore I sorrow as I roam
Beside these hoards, en route for home.
And mark each man who 'also ran'
Gee. it's jusr like a catacomb!"
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonlan of June 3, 1S6S.
The Second Assistant Postmaster
General has just entered Into a con
tract with the Oregon Steam Naviga
tion Company for transportation of the
mails six times a week from Portland
to Dalles at a compensation of
$10,000 per annum; also with W. D.
Bigelow from Dalles to Walla Walla at
a compensation of $14,000.
MEMPHIS. May 2S. The steamer
Luminary, which left Young's Point,
near Vlcksburg, has arrived. A pas
senger on board reports that the two
outer works of the enemy had been
taken at Vlcksburg, leaving but one to
take. The rebls were completely sur
rounded. Grant's army stretching en
tirely around the city from river to
river. Jackson, Miss., had been de
stroyed. Mechanics Brass Band This excel
lent brass band deserves a special no
tice for their patriotic, liberal and ac
commodating disposition, frequently
manifested, to assist and encourage
any public undertaking by our people.
A large and enthusiastic meeting of
the citizens of Portland was held last
evening in the Council Chamber for
the purpose of adopting measures for
the celebration of the coming Fourth
of July. The meeting was called to
order by Colonel William R. King,
whereupon Hon. E. D. Shattuck was
called to the chair and F. B. Trevett
and P. C. Schuyler, Jr., chosen secre
taries. Hon. Amory Holbrook made a
few eloquent remarks, and committees
on arrangements and finance were ap
pointed. Eloquent and patriotic re
marks were made by Hon. Elwood
Evans. Secretary of State of Washing
ton Territory.
We understand that a Catholic
Church Is soon to be built at the Cap
ital, about 50 feet long by 26 feet wide,
with a vestry attached to be 25 feet
long by 18 in width.
Twenty-five Years Ago
From The Oregonlan of June $, 1SSS.
Hon. John F. Swift spoke at the
Courthouse last evening. Hon. W. D.
Hare, of Washington - County, intro
duced Mr. Swift.
Colonel John P. Irish fired the fare
well Democratic gun of the campaign,
last evening at the Mechanics' Pavilion.
The talented German lecturer, Frau
Hedwlg WUhelm, delivered a most In
teresting lecture In German the other
evening at Turn Halle.
Jeffreys Lewis tonight in "Forget
Me Not."
H. C. Campbell, president of the
Willamette Bridge Railway Company,
states that the steam motors to be used
on the Sunnyside line will be here in
three weeks, and that he expects to
have the line completed In 30 days.
The Summer baseball season opened
auspiciously yesterday with games at
Riverside and at Clinton & McCoy's
grounds in East Portland. The WU
lamettes defeated the Seattle Browns
by 1 to 0, and the Portlands defeated
the Westerns of San Francisco by 5 to 3.
Yesterday afternoon the corner stone
of Ascension Chapel, at the corner of
Sixteenth and Elm streets, Portland
Heights, was1 laid with appropriate
ceremonies. The Rt. Rev. Bishop B.
Wi3tar Morris, assisted by' several of
the Episcopal clergy officiated.
Brown & McCabe's lively little steam
launch Mikado was sold yesterday to
Mr. John A. Devlin, the well-known
canneryman, f or,$459Qt.. .
Yesterday was Labor day, and In the
evening the worklngmen of Portland
celebrated with a parade and meeting
In the Park block. F. M. Brown acted
as grand marshal. Speeches were made
by T. F. Mahan, president of the Feder
ated Trades; Governor Pennoyer,
Mayor Van B. De Laphmutt and others.
Do the Youngsters
Read the
Advertisements?
Indeed they do some - of
them.v
That is, some of the advertise
ments. . Every real boy is interested
in outdoor sport baseball, ten
nis, walking, running, boating,
fishing, swimming, and every
thing else that the Summer sea
son brings along.
He needs ever so many
things, and he buys at such
stores as advertise in papers
like The Oregouian.
Girls, too, are interested in
advertising-.
For frirls like to play tennis;
they like canoeing; they love
bathing, walking, riding, and
all other forms of healthy out
door life.
All of which means that they
must have suitable toggery, and
that they will buy from mer
chants who eater suitably to
their needs.
It will pay merchants at this
season to dwell upon . the
requirements of young people,
and it will likewise pay young
people to follow the advertising
of local merchants.
A tip in time saves money.