nnriitn AREGOM.
Katrd at Portland. Onim poetoffleo a
oftacrlpuaa Ki
-Iavaxlablr In Advaae:
Dt!y. Sunday included, on rear .....
Li;jr, fcuray mciuaea. aix mmini ...
Ia4iX. Sunday Inciudad, thraa montha..
2ai.7. Sundr Included, ona month
&iir, without Sunday, ona yaar ......
pm.jr. without Sunday, six montba -
Laily. without Sunday, tnraa tnon'-ia
lai!y. without Sunday, ana monta
Woakly. ona ytar.
Sunday, aaa yenx. ...........
auaday and Weakly, aaa year.. ........
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aa
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- (1? I lAtuiiuil
Daily, Sunday In c laded, mm year......
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ttmw fa avaui eua pMioam -
tier, t iprcM order or paraonai cbaek oa r"r
lu.l L . W Br.mn. onlit MimlieV aTO t
tha aendr-a run. Olea poatairica addreaa U
luii. including county and atata.
raataca Kataa Tea la 1 pacaa. 1 ca'
. . . . , . .V I. 4d BUM 1
asnla; 0 to 60 pasea,' can La. Jforcisa
Mfiaatre. donbla rata.
aaiara BmIhii OfUea Yarraa Co"
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Ufft. fctecer building.
aaa Frwrlae Galea R. 3. Bid wall
T-l alarkat street.
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a.
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rORTLAXD, rRIUAV. APRIL IS. IBIS.
BRTaTS LATEST DREAM.
Secretary Brj'SJi has always had the
courage of his convictions. That he
tin has that courage he shows by his
willingness to submit his views on ar
titration and disarmament to the acid
test of practical application. That the
scheme which he now propose will
survive even the cold scrutiny of a
committee of highly sophisticated Sen
ators, much less diplomatic negotia
tions with European powers. Is very
doubtful.
Arbitration among- nations within
certain limitations is a realizable
dream. So long as it Is made to apply
only to Justiciable disputes, that Is,
such as -would be capable of adjudica
tion in court If they arose between In
dividuals, it is practicable. But Mr.
Bryan proposes to go farther than
President Taft and arbitrate disputes
Involving National honor or vital in
terests. Every man familiar with re
cent history knows that nations will
not submit such questions to arbi
tration. If Japan had actually bought Mag
dalena Bay and established a great
naval station there, we would not
have arbitrated. We should probably
have ignored the independence of
Mexico and sent an army and a fleet
-there to drive out the Japanese.
Having done that, we should probably
have Insisted on annexing Lower Cal
ifornia and have put a veto, backed
Jjy a threat of force, on any further
cessions of territory by Mexico to a
foreign power. We should have scout
ed any suggestion of arbitration, say
ing that our National interests were
involved, that we had the power to
protect them and intended to do so.
There are also cases where nations
are in Irreconcilable conflict and will
be satisfied with no settlement except
that with armed force. Does any man
imagine that either the Balkan states
or Turkey would ever have consented
to arbitrate the question whether the
Turks should retire from Europe? The
Turks were determined to keep what
they had taken by conquest: the allies
were equally determined to take it
away from them. Briton and Boer
were determined to fight out the ques
tion of supremlty in South Africa. A
like conflict is Impending between
Teuton and Slav In Europe and has
heen brought nearer by the triumph of
the Slavs over Turkey. Nations or
races become Imbued with the idea
That manifest destiny decrees their
supremacy, or necessity compels them
to enlarge their borders by swarming
over the territory of neighboring na
tions. Racial ambition Is as inherent
in man as individual ambition, and is
the. motive power In the working out
of the law of survival of the fittest.
Self-preservation Impels a nation like
Japan or Germany. which feels
cramped within its own borders, to
burst the bonds. As a starving man
fights for bread, such a nation fights
for territory, turning & deaf ear to the
pleadings of peace, humanity and
justice.
Even greater difficulties would at
tend attempts at disarmament by In
ternational agreement. Were two of
the cations which were parties to such
an agreement engaged In a dispute
and were one of them to prepare for
war, could it not make the excuse that
its preparations were aimed at one of
the powers which had not Joined the
peace pact? The peace powers, for
self-defense against the military pow
ers, would be compelled to maintain a
considerable armed force. They would
need to have sublime confidence in
each other before they could safely re
duce their armaments to the point
where their combined strength alone
could withstand attack from a mili
tary nation, for the defection of one
in a crisis might place all at the mer
cy of a single armed foe.
This is ijne more In the procession
of fantastic turns of Mr. Bryan's over
active brain. First came free silver,
then antl-lmperlallsm, then Govern
ment ownership of interstate railroads,
while intra-state railroads remained
under state control, then guaranty of
bank deposits. Now comes arbitration
of anything ancT every thing, combined
with limitation of armaments. Mr.
Bryan's capacity as a constructive
statesman Is in Inverse ratio to his
ability as an agitator.
nEXATOR LANE AND THE SENATE.
- Senator Lane told the Senate
finance committee some unpleasant
truths In his statement of his position
on the wool tariff, i The Senate has
long been regarded as the citadel of
the privileged Interests, and even when
it amends a House bill in the public
cause, its reputation gives rise to
suspicion that tenderness for private
interests prompted Its action. The
Underwood tariff makes unwarranted
reductions of duties and is full of in
consistencies, not only between two or
more of Its own provisions, but with
the Democratic platform and with the
professed purpose of Its framers. Tet
the public distrust of the Senate places
that body at a disadvantage in remov
ing the defects.
The policy of secrecy pursued by
the Democratic Senators in regard to
their tariff conferences tends to con
firm this distrust and the Oregon Sen
ator's refusal to remain silent as to
what he said brings it before public
attention in an unfavorable light. The
whole tendency in party proceedings,
as well as In those of public bodies. Is
toward publicity, and the people are
prone to view with suspicion all that
goes on behind closed doors. : As a
Senator elected by popular vote. Dr.
Lane represents this tendency and he
mill be powerfuly reinforced when the
first Senators elected in accordance
with the seventeenth amendment take
their seats.
The bad standing of the Senate be
fore public opinion Is unfortunate for
those who, like the wocigrowers, look
to It for mitigation of the severities of
tart ft reduction proposed by the House
majority. Since the tariff-makers, af
ter fixing the new duties on woolen
manufactures, hesitated between free
wool and a 15 per cent duty, there Is
force in Dr. Lane's argument that tree
wool justifies a lower duty on woolen
manufactures than Mr. Underwood
proposes. Woolgrowers and many
others contend with better reason that
a duty should be retained on raw wool
and that the rates on "woolen manu
factures should be Increased sufficient
ly to compensate for It. But popular
disapprobation of the Senate may re
strain that body from raising any du
ties at all. "
SI GAR MEN OCT E FORCE.
There Is as great an assemblage of
the sugar Interests in Washington this
year as there was In 1894, when the
Wilson tariff was Gorman Ized. four
distinct bureaus have been established,
representing as many different
branches of the sugar Industry.
ntm nf them Is aDDropriately namea
the "Refiners Congressional Advisory
rnmmiiiM " Their efforts to save the
sugar industry do not seem to be sec
onded with that enthusiasm wnicn one
K1 .vnAr fnr nn buEeaU Sent OUt
a circular stating that Its account at
the bank was overdrawn ana mat
funds were absolutely necessary.
t rnnM nnnenr that the surar men
have been strangely negligent or over-
Anit-n in nni nrnvidtrtjr a war fund
for the evil days which now seem to be
. .on " rin. rniiM think that com
mon prudence would nave aictateu
a MAM.Antoo-A rf the fat nronts de-
llint . .o "
rived from the tax levied on every
breakfast table would have been set
apart for the purpose of perpetuating
the graft.
rw AtA th.r fmna-fne that the Demo
cratic party would never be able to
line up the Congressional delegations
from the South and West for a meas-
..tamitniii tn them as free
urr o v ..v
sugar? They sadly underestimated
the persuasive power of President Wil
son's club.
'0 REFORM UNLESS COMPLETE?
Aa Oregon's new minimum wage law
was the second to toe enacted In Amer
ica, it has naturally been the subject
of considerable discussion. It is
learned from the Springfield Repub
lican that Mrs. Florence Kelley, of the
Consumers' League In Massachusetts,
apparently regrets that laws like the
enacted. Not that
she is opposed to the minimum wage
in nnin hut hf reels mat mini
mum wage statutes for the benefit of
women and children only tan io ai
tnA" in undemald emDloves "those
democratic safeguards which charac
terize the English and Australian leg
islation." .
She makes this comment:
. vnm-n nKllvlnua of thS
1 nry Vi" J w ...
fart that wives and daushteri work bacauaa
. . i k.riwnn,r H r. not IITQ
liiru in - -
enough to support the family. Theee laws
and bllla If-nore tne youin lira .muma -tora
of tha working forca In the underpaid
. . t i. in), i- -a 1 r,l mada un of
young- slrla. They need the moral support
of their man ienow-worr ,
about wagea.
rnn if It arm to be admitted that
a legal minimum wage for women and
children in industry Is not so gooa as
one applying as well to men. it is
hardly conceivable that one who fa
vors a law of the broader scope can
view the one of lesser scope as Harm
ful or even lacking in good.
In short, criticism or tne minimum
rnr wrnmen la in this respect
founded on the strange argument that
It is best to make no advancement un
i ft he for the whole road. It is
like advising the clerk who aspires to
be manager some day to accept no
nrnmotlon unless it be one Jump to the
goal of his ambition.
, Moreover, as the KepuDiican sageiy
observes, there Is a constitutional rea
son which prevents Inclusion of men
In minimum wage legislation in this
country. We shall probably have to
wait a long time for the removal of
ki. nhiiarlp. In the meantime It
seems wise to secure what improve
ment we can In the lot oi women ana
hildren workers.
IJVIN'G TO EAT.
A pretty little difference of opinion
has arisen between Thomas A. Edison
and Henry T. FInck. It is over what
we should eat and why. Mr. Edison
needs no introduction. Mr. Finck is
writer on esthetic subjects who has
published several books. His latest
work bears the title "Food and Fla
vor."' It purports to De a guiae xo
health and good living.
Mr Friiann holds that the flavor of
food Is unimportant. Food is to the
stomach like coal to tne engine, as
long- as we eat enough of the proper
utritlve value we neeo. not Dowier
about Its taste. Mr. Finck's doctrine
that flavor Is all-important. Better
eat innutritious food that tastes good
than the richest In calories if it is In
sipid. Thus the gastronomic war
rages.
Mr. Flnck believes that good cook
ing is the most beneficent of all the
arts. He praises the French for their
devotion to the palate and declares
v.,- th.i- fnrt w prv thpv have ad
vanced civilization more than by their
skill In war and science. We are our
selves of the opinion that Mr. Edison
depreciates the pleasures of the palate
too much. Savory food not only gives
njoyment, but it actually promotes
digestion. Herbert Spencer, who was
a lifelong dyspeptic, says In his auto
biography that in good company at
table he could eat wun peneci saieiy
food that would have tormented him
night If he had devoured it hi soli
tude. Sapid flavors do for us all what
good company did for the valetudinar
ian philosopher.
But It is not necessary to resort to
complicated cookery In order to have
11-flavored food.- Everything eamie
tastes good to a hungry man. Given
- -Kam nntllA and thn flavors will
appear of themselves. How many per.
sons know the exquisite taste of wheat
bread? Very few, because hardly any
body bites into a slice when he Is truly
hungry, men mere is tne incompar
able flavor of baked beans. It is not
perceptible, of course, to the jaded
palate of the man who eats merely be
cause it is 6 o'clock and his wife says
difinar la readv. But fast until vou
have an appetite, the real thing that
craves ana nungers, ana men tasie oi
baked beans or corn cake and see If
anything in the world was ever so
good. ,
"Aristocracy, snobbery, excluslve-
ness, separatism," are some of the un.
desirable qualities which, according to
a contemporary, axe fostered by college
Greek letter societies. There Is a
strong movement, both within the col
leges and outside them, to eliminate
these secret organizations, or at least
so modify them that they shall
exhibit a new and.dlKf.rent spirit. Ttl
trend toward democracy is as strong
in the educational world as elsewhere.
DR. T. A. GATCH.
It is difficult to overestimate Dr.
Gatch's services to education on the
Pacific Coast. He was born with the
teacher's peculiar genius and his na
tive gifts were cultivated to the high
est efficiency by his education, for he
had the best scholastic training ob
tainable in his youth. Thoroughly pre
pared for Ills remarkable work, he
came to the-Coast at a time when our
educational Institutions were in their
formative state so that the impress or
his thought and Ideals Is deep upon
them.
This fact becomes doubly note
worthy when we remember how many
different positions Dr. Gatch filled in
the course of his career. Beginning
with the chair of mathematics at the
TTniveraitv of the Pacific in Santa
Clara. Cal.. he became successively
nrlnrlnnl of the Santa CrUS PU0I1C
schools, principal of the Puget Sound
Weslevnn Institute, professor of math
ematics and president of Willamette
University, president or tne territorial
University of Washington, and finally
president, of the Oregon Agricultural
College.
Thla ia an almost unrivaled recora
nf servlra to education and it extends
over a pioneer field so wide that Dr.
Gatch may be said to have given near
ly all our Institutions, of learning their
original impulse. Few men enjoy op
nnrtunities for usefulness so ample or
improve them so faithfully. "
rr Gatrh's nersonal character was
extremely lovable. His colleagues be
came his friends and his students were
his loyal admirers. . He was one of
those rare men whom President Gar
field had In mind when he 5ald that a
university consisted of a boy at one
end of a log and a teacher at the
other. To make this definition true
the teacher must be of that uncommon
type which Dr. Gatch exemplified.
Amply equipped with scholarship,
he was rich In the qualities of heart
and mind which win devotion and
stimulate ambition. He taught the
practice of the moral law by a fine
and gracious example rather than by
inflexible precepts. Sufficiently rigor
ous in the administration of the Insti
tutions over which he presided for all
worthy purposes, he maae no xeticn
of discipline for its own sake, but
sought rather to develop'the spirit of
self-control in his pupils. Dr. Gatch
was a good man who was permitted
by Providence to do a great worn.
THE CENTENN IAL OF STEPHEN A.
DOCGLAS.
Stephen A. Douglas, who was born
April 23. 1813, was a little more than
a year younger than Lincoln, his great
antagonist. When they first met Lin
coln was still an obscure man fighting,
and to all appearances fighting with
out hope of victory, against "low birth
and Iron fortune." Douglas was al
ready famous and knew the Joy of
winning applause In Congress. He
made his first appearance in Illinois
at Winchester, coming from Canan
dagua. New York, with all his fortune
in his satchel. An auction happened
to be in progress when he reached the
town and Douglas was made the clerk
of accounts at 32 a day for the three
days It lasted. It was in this way that
he earned his first money. He was al
ready a lawyer, but he never had
practiced. Douglas was born in Ver
mont on a farm, after the good old
American fashion, and he would have
anna tr. cnllira if he had been able to
raise the money. Since he could not
he stayed at home ana neipea nis
mother, who was a widow, and when
she moved to Canandagua he weut
with her. In that town he found op
portunity to attend an academy where
he learned enough to build his fame
on and afterward read law. .
In those days it was not the custom
for young men to master the profes
sion of law In schools. They usually
read In an office under the more or
i... fuithfni direction of some sea
soned practitioner. In this way they
acquired no more or legai principle
than they chose but they could not
evade the details of practice and
pleading. Hence it has been said by
some critics that the lawyers of Doug
ia' Hm were better advocates than
those of our day, but inferior theorists.
How much truth there may he tn tne
observation It is not for laymen to
decide. Douglas was a successful law
yer from the outset In Illinois, but he
was far greater as a politician, or per
haps we ought to call him a statesman.
On most of the public questions that
arose during his ambitious career he
tonu th rlirht side. The only serious
mistake he made was on the slavery
question, but that was so very serious
thai it ruined him. His first term in
Congress began with Jackson's second
administration. The stern oia demo
crat hadS declared martial law In the
New Orleans campaign and a judge
who preferred technicalities ' to the
public safety had fined him a thousand
niiara fnr doinif so. Jackson had
been trying for years to persuade Con
gress to pay back tne line, out witn
Douglas took up his
cause, made his first speech to the
House in Jackson s ravor ana oDiainea
the money. This was the beginning
of a forensic career which had many
brilliant triumphs and hardly any fail-.,-..
rn In tha debates with Lin-
Knin nonvrlaa carried off the palm of
eloquence, though not of reason and
Justice.
nnncrin was a member of the Sen
ate when the Oregon boundary ques
tion came up for aeDate. Jftis Keen
sense of National advantage led him
to stand for rirty-rour-rorty. tne
campaign cry that elected Polk. He
ctoo -, iii- tn en to war rather than
yield any territory to" Great Britain.
By a brilliant speech he showed that
in appreciation of tne Oregon country
v. a wo far ahead of his contempo
raries. He pointed out among other
facts that the territory in dispute
nrnni.1 make seven states of the ordi
nary Eastern size and held that we
ought to enforce our claim to tne
whole of It. Perhaps Douglas and his
ManH, wnuld have carried the day
and plunged the country into war with
England over tne uregon Dounaary
hDj it nnt heen for the Southern Sena-
ators. They realized that the Oregon
country must be cut up into iree mates
and were not minded to Increase the
power of the anti-slavery party to that
extent. So they made some conces
sions' and the trouble was tided over.
Tn thi. matter we find Douglas op
posed to the slave oligarchy and that
was his true position.
it- aru 7 venrs old when Clay's
Missouri Compromise was enacted and
lived to see tnat tamous measure grow
intn mihit- favnr as securelv as the
Constitution Itself. But like many
other compromises, this, being an
agreement with iniquity, invoivea us
ni.-n rlMimi-tlon. The contest over
slavery was so far from being allayed
by Clays measure mat it grew ever
hpttpr during J2Ulaa' ynutli flud -EX-,
ly manhood and he saw that some
other settlement must be devised if
harmony was,, ever to be established.
In his quest for a solution of the peril
ous problem Douglas finally hit upon
his famous doctrine of "squatter sov
ereignty." Instead of fixing an arbi
trary Una fnr tha boundary between
freedom and slavery he proposed to
leave the whole subject to the settlers
In the new territories. Congress adopt
ed this policy by the passage of the
Kansas-Nebraska bill.
T.lnnnln'n rlearer eve and more ac
tive conscience perceived that the
slavery question could never be settled
hv nnv rnmnromtse. In opposition to
Douglas' squatter sovereignty he enun
ciated the principle that "a house di
vided against itself cannot stand" and
prophesied that if the union were not
destroyed it would become all slave
nr all free." This was the issue upon
which they joined battle In the famous
debates which won Lincoln National
renown, and, after some delay, made
Mm Pi-ealrlent. Tn these debates Doug
las appeared as the polished gladiator
of logic, perfect master or nimseir ana
hi, sublect. exDerienced. persuasive.
subtle and wily. His personality was
engaging, his voice and manner be
loved of the people. His presence ra
diated strensrth so bountifully that hi
was called "the Little Giant," and de
served the title both for his body anc
his intellect. Lincoln was homely
patient and humorous. The hand of
destiny was upon his shoulders, hi
tnnsruA was touched with divine wis
dom. He was not eloquent In any
usual sense. He had none of the arts
of the debater except that highest art
which relies on eternal trutn ana tne
iirtrivrnn- llistire nf God.
They put their case to the people of
Illinois while the country lookea on
with premonitions of Impending fate.
VnhnrU- fnllv understood Lincoln, but
the heart of the people knew that he
was chosen for greatness, ine masses
decided for him. but Douglas won the
most vote in the-State Legislature and
was sent to the Senate, while Lincoln
went back to his law practice and
waited for the mandate that called
him to his life work. This was the
climax of Douglas' career. Circum
stances had placed him fatally in the
wrnne In the slavery strujrsrle. and. like
many another strong fighter, he fell
to rise no more.
Since the Erdman act has been in
nnpration. the career of a railroad
msn'a nnlnn in dull and uneventful.
Pftrmariv thera was nn Occasional
strike to break the monotony, jnow
to nnthlncr m nr. irnitlno- thfl.n An
arbitration, which contains no more
thrills than a chocolate sundae.
If "Mary's wage" of 36 per week
isn't enough, let someone offer her
more. Is the argument of a great man
ufacturer. The fact that occasionally
she does get more elsewhere Is what
has raised half the hue and cry.
Mayor Gaynor appears to have com
plimented newspapers in general for
the purpose of adding force to his
strictures on those which he does not
like and which do not like him the
Hearst papers, for example.
The records, documents and relics in
possession of the Oregon Historical
Society are too valuable to remain in
"any old place." The movement
seeking to house them in a permanent
structure is wise.
The nation with the biggest navy
always will be the arbiter of little des
tinies. British diplomacy, backed by
British might, will keep things cool In
the Balkans.
No child should be compelled to pa
rade during the Rose Festival. There
are enough with the ambition to make
a grand showing of Portland's human
rosebuds.
The treasurer of the Women's North
Pacific Board of Missions finds count
ing the pennies a burden, but they are
not to be despised in the contribution
box.
Of course Noah rode In a buggy at
the head of the procession as the ani
mals paraded out of the ark, and cir
cus men follow the fashion to this day.
Bernhardt snapped her fingers at an
offer of 3700 a minute. Such Is art.
Many a woman would work hard a
wh'ole year for such a sum.
According to Mr. Green, when the
subject of Mary Konovsky's wage
comes up, everybody "passes the buck"
to the manufacturer.
Success of the Belgian strike for
franchise reform is ominous of the
possibilities of the strike as an engine
of political warfare.
And Just as W. J. gets his beautiful
little peace picnic all planned those
horrid European war clouds begin to
gather again.
Mr. Drake's opinion of bachelors'
credit suggests that the more troubles
a man has the more patiently he en
dures thern '
Roo-tlma rtanclnir Is doomed in Chi
cago, although ragtime music will be
permitted. It Is proper to near it Dut
not to do it
How truculent Austria, with her fifty
millions, . becomes when confronted
only by Montenegro's quarter of a mil
lion. Underwood says cheap living will
nnt fniinw immedistelv- We were rea
sonably certain that It hadn't followed
yet.
turbulent days even the
lamb of peace causes a riot when it
enters a Chicago school
McManigal will go free, but he will
not be unknown. The brand of the
Informer will always show.
An Idaho man Is utterly unable to
recall anything In his past. Perhaps
he'll be money ahead.
Despite memories of burning winds,
Kansas is predicting a record wheat
crop.
Europe may need American potatoes
and other stuff yet, but the hope is
slim. - - '
Wilson to Tumulty. 3 P. M.:
"Ready? Let's go."
Is Bryan a good enough bluffer to
sit in the game?
Watch Russia stay the hand of Aus
tria. Pink, lemonade day is here.
STATE PRESS AND REFERENDUM
Newspapers Generally Oppose Attack
on University Appropriations.
Hood River News.
So far as we can determine It Is the
overwhelming opinion throughout the
state-that the move should be dropped
before it goes any further.
Way to Stop It.
Salem Statesman. ,
The decent people of Oregon have a
way to stop the circulation of referen
dum petitions taken up in spite. Stop
it by not signing them.
Leave Schools Alone.
Heppner Gazette-Times.
It would be a mistake to hold up the
university appropriation and to attempt
the consolidation of that school with
the agricultural college. The move
should be dropped before it goes any
farther.
Baildinfrs Are Inadequate.
Oregon City Enterprise.
There is scarcely a town of 5000 peo
ple in the state that does not boast of
better building and equipment in their
line than any of the buildings and most
of the equipment at the state univer
sity. Attitude of Gran bp".
Beaver State Herald.
Reports have been pretty generally
circulated aver the state that the State
Grange is promoting or at least sup
porting the proposed referendum on
tha state university building fund. The
State Grange has never declared its in
tention of doing anything of the sort
As to Fresldent Parklson.
Newport Signal.
Parkison, of referendum fame, who
avows his Intention of having the
latest appropriation for the University
of Oregon referred, is called by the
Independence Monitor a "pestilence."
The Signal would not go quite to that
length. Parklson is a chronic disease.
Ia Expense Justified?
Newberg Graphic.
It the referendum is invoked on any
measure passed by the Legislature it
will mean a special election, and a spe
cial election will mean an expenditure
of a sum close to $100,000. Will it- be
wise for the State of Oregon to incur
this expense? This is a question you
should consider well before you decide
to aid some fellow who has a grouch.
Ntrt Local Isnue.
Florence West.
The people of Cottage Grove are
taking the ' right view of matters in
regard to the appropriations for the
state university anu arts nut m
of calling a referendum vote on the
. i n-t . . aHimatinn Ik
question. 113 maiwi v. t um.. w.
too broad a question to be dragged into
local differences. It belongs, to the
whole state.
Support Is Deserved.
Medford Sun.
T. ----aaIu ooAmai narARRRrV tn 1il&.te
on the virtues of education. The hap
piness or lite may oe summeu up m
the word. The successful man of the
..,1.-- .,-m h, thn mnn nf trained mind
and accurate information, the lasting
Joys are those that mental cultivation
brings. Instead or taKing money away
from either of Oregon's Institutions oi
all the financial
support that the state can afford.
Objection Is Widespread.
Dallas Observer.
TT-m all nnrllnTin nf the state COlTie
objections to the movement. All sorts
of organizations have already gone on
recora as opposing it, anu iuivmui
1 i n i- vanapallv ncrnillst it-
The wisdom of expending 375,000 or
$100,000 in a special reiereiiuum elec
tion to prevent the expenditure of
Ann awliiofi tlnnnl nurnoses is
questionable, and Is so regarded by all
thinning people
Country Folk: Opposed.
Lebanon Criterion.
Referendum petitions against the
Ttni.....Uu rt Hrdcnn flnnrnnrintlonS
Liin m i.' . - - r- r-1
. kitlUlnff. an naur pmlinina.nt
lur ucn wiiv.io ..v.. 1
are not receiving mucn consiaeranun
in communities outsiae oi rrunu,
where the name chasers are active in
the North End district. Country peo
ple, as a rule, did not appreciate being
lined up with the bums of North Port
i .. ,..--. . ii 'i rm a cr n n nd thpv are filTht
ing shy of this new proposition to di
the same thing over again.
Majority Favor Both Schools.
T.phanon Tribune.
ti,o THhiina hMiaves in the rule of
the majority and a majority or tne peo
pie of Oregon seem to favor maintain
ino hnth sfhnnls. Tf so. then the sup
port should be such as will give the
best results, commensurate wim ecu
nnmipni mannrpmant Necessary build
inn- nnH aniHnmpnt are a necessity if
me oest results uie uuimncu. twi mio
. i. . : . i T7" , Li
reason, the Tribune is opposed to tne
plan being fathered by Mr. Parkison
mhn It ia arenerallv known, has a
grudge against the university.
Unfavorable Notoriety Threatened.
Albany Herald.
To invoke the referendum against
the University appropriation andthe
dentists' bill will ' bring Oregon and
the "Oregon system no favorable
notoriety. In the first place it will cost
the taxpayers of the state approximate.
lv $100,000. The university appropria
tion is slightly in excess of what the
election would cost while the conten
tion bears every indication of malice
and bad faith on the part of Its pro
moters. Moreover, It is a subversion of
principle of the referendum.
New System Xeeds Friends' Protection.
Cottage Grove Sentinel.
The Oregon system is presumed to
have developed from greater knowl
edge upon the part of electors than
that which existed in times gone by.
The old system thrived upon ignorance.
The new system is a product or an en
lightened age, presumably. Yet this
great Oregon system has been used to
greatly curtail the activities of one of
the state's greatest educational insti
tutions, the university. ... It is
time for friends of , both old and new
systems to unite. Friends of the old
should wish to nave its worn stand.
Friends of the new must needs protect
it from coming into disrepute and
aborting the purposes for which its
parents gave it birth.
Montenegro tTsernagora)
By Tennyson.
They rose to where their sovereign
eagle sails.
They keep their, faith, their freedom,
on the height.
Chaste, frugal, savage, arm'd by day
and night
Against the Turk; whose inroad no
where scales
Their headlong passes, but his foot
step fails,
And red with blood the Crescent reelB
from fight
Before their dauntless hundreds, in
prone flight
By thousands down the crags and thro'
the vales.
O smallest among peoples; rough rock
throne
Of freedom! warriors beating back the
swarm
Of Turkish Islam for five hundred
years,
Great Tsernagora! never since thine
own
Black ridges drew the cloud and brake
the storm
Has breathed a race of mightier moun
. taineers.
MONTENEGRO'S PROUD HISTORY
Principle and Achievements of Stern
Mountaineers Are Landed.
PORTLAND. Or.. April 2. (To the
Editor of The Oregonian.) In reply
to the criticism of Mr. Wittman, from
Pendleton, I would like to state that
I feel very sorry for the course he has
taken, thus plainly showing his lack
of proper acquaintance as to the Balk
an states in their past and present
political situation. As far as Austria
being a peace-loving nation or a gov
ernment where justice is impartially
adminstered, the gentleman has been
erroneously informed. I can speak
from personal knowledge and my ex
perience has been wide, in the political
situation of Austria. The first day
light I saw was in Austria, and had I
been born in the Sandwich Islands thed
I would certainly be more proud of the
country of my birth. True, it is not
our fault where we are born; but no
matured man ought to uphold despo
tism or peacefully submit to oppres
sive laws. Its prefix, "constitutional
monarchy," Is a misnomer. While there
exists Parliament and lower houses,
the whole thing is a farcical play, be
cause government does its own will
regardless of protest. We see that
27,000,000 Slavonians have not as much
legal right in Austria as the 8,000,000
Germans evidently the voice of the
people does not predominate. This is
plain.
Turning now to Montenegro, we
see this little state established within
insurmountable mountains in the des
erts of rocks and ravines, with no
fields for cultivation and no roads for
communication established for one
purpose only that of preserving the
last spark of Servian Independence
and keeping alive the national spirit,
customs and Christian religion against
innumerable vicious attacks of the Asi
atic hordes. When Turks invaded Eu
rope in the latter part of the fourteenth
century, they not only conquered the
adjacent little states of the Balkan
peninsula, but they destroyed the then
powerful Servian empire and con
quered with devastation all-the Chris
tian territory, going to the very walls
of Vienna.
As the African flood threatened Eu
rope from the West during the Moor
Invasion, so the Asiatic flood threat
ened Europe from the South by the in
vasion of the Turk. As the French
wall stopped the flood of the Moors,
so the brave Slavonic race stopped the
tidal wave of the Turkish invasion.
The fearless Polish General Sobiev
ski with 60,000 cavalry came to the aid
of hard-pressed Germans in Vienna and
with a stroke drove the Turks south of
the Danube. The Turks were thus
left in the Balkan peninsula, unmerci
fully ruling over the newly occupied
provinces, except little Montenegro. In
vain they tried to put these brave
mountaineers into submission. But all
these attempts met with failure.
So Montenegro stands today as the
smallest but proudest state in the
world, and while its history is full of
bravery, its life and endurance are full
of pathos. One can readily understand
that these mountaineers had time only
to attend to their immediate wants. The
little patches of land here and there
were cultivated mostly by their stal
wart and cheerful women the men had
to fight. These women bore the bur
den bravely and shared equally with
the men all privations, rather than sub
mit to the shameful treatment of the
Turks in their harems or elsewhere.
Goat's milk, goat cheese and goat flesh
sparingly entered into the luxuries of
their homes. Women were tne mum.
important factor in the history of these
mountaineers. Women tilled the soil,
they cooked and washed, they attended
to their little ones, they bought and
sold commodities and they followed
their sons, brothers or husbands to the
battlefields' with supplies.
Such are the women of Montenegro;
K . .HhAiiffh nnar lihort v.lnVinfZ
although uneducated, brave and cour
ageous in danger, neroic in peril, oow
In risks and intrepid in jeopardy. They
th.l. irwxr miuloat hnmav thPV re-
spect their family ties, they are true
and virtuous, faithful to their hus
bands and hospitable to strangers, a
nU hanil nf walcnmA la always ex
tended. The dauntless and chivalrous
"Lady of the Lake" could easily oe
compared with the courageous and gal
lant Lady of the Mountains. A
alrencs, ia vorv much Hflfer In Monte-
negro at midnight than in Vienna at
noon., Theft is the rarest crirfie there.
Now powerful Austria wants to put
impediment to Montenegro's progress.
Shame and injustice! But these brave
people" will never submit to dictations
-y.m antr i . nr o asnaplnllv Till! f TO 1T1
Austria; the arch-enemy of the Slavonic
race and the greatest toe to justice mia
lihrtv. MiE-ht is rieht: but might de
cays and right shines forever in the
eyes of all good, true and honest men
and before the one wno maae us an.
There ought no one to meddle in the
affairs of the tilled states. They won
their battles fair and square won
against odds. So let them alone. Let
them rest and improve their internal
.Anllillina en that thttV TTlflV Mil Slffl With
us in the'enjoyment of this great era
of the world's progress, tet us neip
them morally if not materially. Let us
Bflrr.ttv u-nrk with cenerous heart
and kind inclinations to elevate nobler
ideas in this so struggling woria. Ana
our religious side, may it so advance
as to accomplish perfect harmony
among all men, where truth, benevo
lence, love and science become beacons
of light which will show us the real
nsth nf Kanniness and right course to
that everlasting temple of joy. War
is hell. Let us get rid of this human
slaughter-house, but not before we raze
IV LllC 1 ,J " " 11 ..." .......f-, . .
despotism, ignorance, selfVhness, shame
and bigotry.
If Mr. Wittman could only witness a
few acts of Turkish atrocities, such as
slaughter of children and forcible re
moval of young Christian girls to
harems, he certainly would be at least
charitable, if not Just in his criticism.
S. SARGENTICH.
WOMAN RECOMMENDED FOR JUDGE
Qualifications for the Bench Are Urged
mm Belna; Numerous.
PORTLAND, April 23. (To the Edi
tor.) I noticed an article in a news
paper recently regarding the appoint
ment of a Judge to department No. 3 of
the newly-created District Court, refer
ing therein to-the. fact that Miss Lida
M. O'Bryon was a candidate for the
office, and seemed to look upon the
matter in an unfavorable light; I was
sorry to see this, for Miss O'Bryon has
many qualities that commend her for
this position, and certainly the idea of
a woman on the bench has passed
beyond the experimental stage. Quite
a number of Eastern cities have them,
and it has proved remarkably success
ful in Denver, Col. Miss O'Bryon has
practiced law In Portland some eignt
or nine years, and is especially well
acquainted with .the troubles that
usually .beset the class of people who
appear before the Justice Court, either
civil or criminal, her practice having
been to a great extent been before that
department, and where common sense
and the law run contrary would be apt
to give common sense the benefit of
the doubt
For seven years she has been re
peatedly elected president of the New
York Society, the largst organization
of Us kind in Portland, in which posi
tion, only those who have been close
to her know how much she has done
in a quiet way for the city and state
by helping those from the East who
had become discouraged, to better their
condition and remain here. She was
one of the hardest, most tireless work,
ers for woman suffrage, was secretary
treasurer of the College Women's
Equal Suffrage League, is entirely free
of any political alliances, and her sup
port comes from whole hearted, dis
interested, friendship; I especially ap
peal to the five judges of the Circuit
Court in Miss O'Bryons behalf, and 1
voice the sentiment of thousands of
others. O. H. S.
Twenty-five Years Ago
From The Orefonlan of April 23. 18M.
Washington, April 24. It is said to
day that the Republicans of Oregon
have invited John F. Swift, of Cali
fornia, to stump Oregon during May.
Salem, April 24. Articles of Incor
poration were filed by the State Normal
School Association of Monmouth to
day by D. W. Drlskell, A. Griggs,
J. B. V. Butler. F. S. Powell and N. S.
Butler; value of property. $8000.
Articles incorporating the Metalina
Transportation Company were filed yes
terday by J. W. Troup. H. B. Borth
wick and Thomas N. Strong.
General T. R. Tannatt, who now re
sides at Farmington, has been in town
and consulted with General Manager
Holcomb, of the O. R. & N.. in regard
to the prospects of that company build
ing the railroad from Farmington to
the Coeur d'Alene mines.
Rollo Kirk Bryon, the great car
toonist, at the Tabernacle Saturday
night, April 28.
The first five miles of the Vancouver
& Klickitat Railroad is completed and
ready for the iron.
The fence along the west side of the
disused reservoir on Fourth street has
fallen down and some of the children
who play around there will sooner or
later fall Into the reservoir.
Attorney F. B. Jolly received a tele
gram from HUlsboro yesterday stating
that his father, who lives three miles
from that place, was very low with
fever and was not expected to live. Mr.
Jolly recrossed the plains to Oregon
from Indiana in 1847.
Mr. L. L Hawkins has lately re
turned from a visit to Murray.
Half a Century Ago
From The Oregonian .of April 25, 186S.
By Overland Telegraph (Special Dis
patches to The Oregonian) by tha Ore
gon telegraph line from Salem. San
Francisco, April 18. In the United
States District Court yesterday a libel
suit was entered against the schooner
J. M. Chapman by the Government pur.
suant to which Collector Rankin seized
the craft and now has the same in
custody as forfeited to the United
States. The suit alleges that the
schooner was purchased, fitted out and
held for the purpose of being employed
in the commission of piratical aggres
sion against the Federal Government.
Wo have briefly alluded to the open
ing of the two railroads which have
been constructed by the Oregon Steam
Navigation Company in connection
with their lines of communication on
the Columbia River. The natural ob
structions to continuous navigation at
the Cascades and at Tha Dalles make
a portage necessary at points where
deep ravines, steep bluffs, rocky cliffs
and frequent landslides cause ordinary
roads to be almost impracticable during
a large portion of the year. The direc
tors of the Oregon Steam Navigation
Company decided last year that they
would undertake the stupendous work
of putting railroads over these port
ages. The Cascades road, six miles In
length, was commenced on May 21 last
and that at The Dalles on March 17.
1862. The cost of these roads, exclu
sive of rolling stock, has averaged
about $50,000 per mile, amounting in
all to $950,000.
Washington, March 19. The Virgin
ians now in this city contemplate call
ing a convention of Union refugees.
The real object is to take Into con
sideration questions connected with the
return of the old State of Virginia to
the Union.
Francis M. Sargent has been ap
pointed postmaster at Olympla.
The theatrical1 troupe under the
management of Mr. J. P. Dennlson
have returned from Dalles and again
opened the Willamette Theater.
Dawn of a Bright Scholar.
Brooklyn (N. Y.) Eagle.
"Johnny, I don't believe you've stud
ied your geography."
"No, mum; I heard pa say the map of
the world was changing every day, an'
I thought I'd wait a few years till
things got settled."
Civil Service and Garden of Eden.
Washington (D. C.) Star.
Adam and Eve were leaving the Gar
den of Eden. "It's all your fault." said
Adam. "It iBn't either," replied Eve.
"It's your fault. You ought to have had
us put under civil service so we couldn't
be turned out."
NEW .
SUNDAY
FEATURES
. Friday and 13 Sound un
lucky, don't tlieyf As a matter
of fact, they are America's luck
iest day and number. An illus
' trated pago of.- rare historical
value is presented to prove the
point.
At the Millennium What will
happen when the world conies
to an end? Scientists present
graphic pictures of the probable
phenomana.
Theodore Roosevelt The fifth
article in his series, "Chapters
of a Possible Autobiography."
It deals with important episodes
in his youth.
Bold Texas Rangers An illus
trated feature on the daring
horsemen who patrol the Texas
border.
A Humming Bird Coat It is
the latest, and eost only $25,000.
There are three full pages de
voted to fashions and topics, of
special interest to women.
Oleander A romance by the
well-known writer, Anna Mc
Clure SholL
' The Woman Behind the Gun
She .gets a salary of $10,000 a
year, and is worth it, even if
she doesn't have to work very
hard.
An Iceless Arctic When this
plan is put through it will .be
warm at the North Pole.
A Scientific Showgirl This
page feature in colors tells of
how a chorus girl systematized
her job and made it pay.
Gibson Pictures Failing to
find rest and quiet in the coun
try, the widow decides to return
home. A feature worth fram
ing. A Lot of Other Splendid Fea
tures. Order today of your
newsdealer.