Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, December 28, 1912, Image 6

Morning Oregonian., December 28, 1912, Page 6, Image 6

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Newspaper Page TextPOKTLAXD. ORKOO. Entered at Portland. Cmgon. Postorflc. a. Subscription Rats Invariably to Aavaiies tBT MAIL.) Pst.y. StrcdsT Included. on year-. ; M D!ly, Bund? Included. lx montn. ... rll. Suodsy Included, three montn. . Ial:y. Sunday Included, one montn Cany, without Sunday, one year.. Dally, without Sunday, ell month.... f,5 Dally, without Sunder, threa montn.. -M Daily, without Sunday, an montn 80 Weekly, one year. ........ eso Sunday, one year... a60 Dally, Sunday Included, on year... IX .TS Unt to Bomlt Send Poetofflc M"" , der. exprea order or personal check .on t local bank. Stamp, coin "1,T?n.7dre at the aendef risk. Give poetoffleo soar. In full. IncIudlnK county and etate. , Postage Bate 10 to 14 paaea. 1 e'"-,," to 28 p "re. cent.; 0 to 40 paea, ""V 0 to 0 pace. cnt Forel.a pot. double rata . Eastern Business Offices Cch,. Iln New York. Brunswick bulldln. -n. easo. Sieger building. - .it co San Francisco Office B. J. BldweU -o-. European Office No. X. Regnt tr. v . . I .nndnn ' POBTLAXD, SATrKDAY. DEC. ZS, 19lt. . A irmrfir. I'HlTFDrRK. - There are several recommendations In the minority report submitted to the Governor by Mr. Alfred E. Clark, of the commission on revision of Ju dicial procedure, which may be read ily understood by the man who has no technical legal knowledge; likewise there are suggestions that only a law yer can hope fully to understand: Among the ioymer Is one which The Oregonlan has already expressed a de i in enacted. It certains to the Imposition of the death penalty. Un der existing law a verdict of murder In the first degree leaves with the trial judge no option. He must sentence the murderer to be hanged. It has been argued, with some force, by op ponents of capital punishment, that reluctance by Jurors to becoming ln directlv a party to the taking of hu man life often results In conviction of murder In a lesser degree and Inade quate sentence or disagreement with its consequent retrial and perhaps to tal escape from lawful penalty. The argument, however, Is not so xa vorable to the abolishment of capital punishment as it is to the amendment of the law In a way that will place with some authority having full knowledge of the evidence the right to impose either life sentence or death penalty. Some ' have suggested that discretion be lodged with the trial court. Mr. Clark, we think wisely, would place it with the Jury. Another reform he proposes has. according to all accounts, worked ad mirably in Wisconsin. It dispenses with the employment of opposing ex pert testimony by prosecution and de fense when a defendant in a criminal trial relies upon a plea of insanity. Instead it provides for the appoint ment of a non-partisan medical com mission to examine into the mental state of the defendant. It would dis pose of all suspicion, of bias on the part of experts toward the side of their employers, for the non-partisan commission would be subject to no actual or unconscious influence in ren dering his opinion. Correlative to this recommendation i. ni n,i,nMinr fnr th enterlna- of a special plea, when insanity s to be the defense, before the trial has com menced, and another eliminates the Insanity dodge as a means of gaining liberty by requiring confinement of the criminal insane a verdict of ac quittal on the ground of Insanity in a case of homicide or attempted homi cide to create conclusive presumption that the defendant has a homicidal mania. There Is also a suggestion for a manner of supplying in Indictments allegation's which do not change the nature of the accusation, thereby cut ting out a source of technical obstruc tion and delay in criminal trials and the unnecessary consumption of time by grand Juries ill returning new in dictments to replace those found tech nically defective. The recommendations here outlined concern only the code of criminal pro cedure, but they are matters of lively Interest and concern to the people in general. The suggestions for a non partisan medical commission and for amendment of indictments ought, it would seem, materially to expedite murder trials. Mr. Clark has a number of recom mendations for improvements of the civil code of procedure. No doubt, as he states in his report, the most im portant of these is the proposal to con fer upon the Supreme Court certain powers with respect to prescribing rules regulating the modes of pleading and procedure in the circuit courts of the state. These matters, it is pointed out, are not the doctrines and principles of law, but the working tools by which the ultimate end of Judicial controver sies Is attained. The bill proposed would give the Supreme Court author ity to supersede fifty-six sections now contained In the civil code of proced ure. These sections deal with the composition of pleadings, contents of complaint, grounds of demurrer, pro cedure when complaint is amended, contents of answer, form of counter claim, requirements for reply, matters pertaining to general rules of proced ure and other formalities and methods of putting the technical machinery of the courts In motion. There Is no doubt that in the sec tions which it is proposed the Supreme Court may revise and supersede is found much of the groundwork for technical obstruction and delay, and they are matters which only lawyers or Judges can intelligently deal with. If reformation is left to the bar in general there is little prospect of agreement by the honest radicals, sin cere conservatives and those who de sire no change because of the profits they make out of legal quibbling and set adherence to complicated forms. Similar authority has been conferred u.non the Supreme Court of the United Sv&tes resulting In simplicity in admir alty procedure and Improvement In equity practice. The fault with the recommendation, if there be one, is likely to lie in the uncertainty as to whether we shall have a Supreme Court that shall be hopelessly addicted to forms and tech nical intricacies or of a reformative mind. A progressive court might pro vide much Improvement, a court soaked in precedent none. But there reed be no fear, that the court would work harm to the orderly process of litigation, so inasmuch as the majority of the commission cannot suggest much Improvement in the way of le gal enactment it may well be proper to give the Supreme Court an opportu nity o show what it can do. People who . affect precision " of speech .do not call our most popular Instrument of music a piano." They nnma It. more correctly, a pee-ah-no- for-te In five syllables. Piano means "soft," forte means "loud," and we submit that If either half of the word is used to the exclusion of the other it nnrht to be forte. Therfe are a thou sand persons who bang the Instrument to one who treats It gently. But piano forte playing by hand will soon be a lost art. The mechanical players do it better than the amateurs, and In the struggle for existence the former are sure to survive. MEW YEAR'S- ORGIES. The churches, or some of them, ad here to the respectable custom of "watch night" on the evening before each January First, and pass the time In song, prayer and other religious and social service until the joyful advent of the new year. Times change, and men and women with them. The staid married couple that now seeks to keep up with the fashions in end-of-tr.e-year observances waits until the chil dren have dutifully said their prayers and been safely tucked away in bed, and then hurries to some grill, or res taurant, or other public resort, where there is a "celebration." Not all mar ried people go, to be sure, but too many more and more each year; ana too many who are not married but ought to be. The New Tear's eve orgy in the American city is an annual license to drink and get drunk. It Is a satur nalia of hilarious conduct, suggustlve performance, risque conversation, bib ulous indulgence. It is an incentive to laxness, looseness and libidlnosity. It is a step down for every woman who gives way to Its allurements;' It Is a stain on every man who leads his wife. or some other not his wife. Into sucn an environment. It la a spectacle su.-h as causes one to stop and wonder If the world is not growing worse, in stead of better. It Is all the more dis concerting in Its effect on the general morals because many respectable peo ple engage In It, or tolerate It, and are amused and diverted by It. . If the proposed plan for a public parade and concert on New Year's eve shall be carried out. It will be a wholesome and pleasant affair. . It ought to be generously supported, on its merits, and for the reason also that it Is a corrective and offset of the other method of unsafe and Insane celebra tion. ' PREVENTING UNFIT NOMINATIONS. fJnvornor West vetoed the second- choice election law In 1911 on the grounds-that (1) it is unconstitutional to renuire anv elector to express his second choice for any office and (2) the Oregon system Is good enougn. On this latter hackneyed contention, hnrrnwM from the desDlsed standpat ters and adapted for use by the bene ficiaries of the present scheme oi nluralitv nominations, the Governor stood fast, saying: Th Oreron eyetem may need amendment, but o long a It la attacked a a whole, I am compelled to itand solidly on the proposition that It results are good enough for the present. When the men who now oppose tn people' system cease their at tack on it. and recognlme the fact that It is here to stay, there will be time for the Legislature to 'Improve it." The Oree-on svstem is here to stay. of course; but if effort at correction and Improvement shall be suspended, and criticism shall be smothered, we will then be told that the people are perfectly satisfied ana no cnange is wanted or will be tolerated. Conse quently none would be made. The champion of any scheme or system or policy who admits Its Imperfections himself in a singularly unten able position when he declares that he will consent to have them correct ed only when the demand that it be done shall cease. Th flovernor of Oregon opposes his opinion as to compulsory second choice voting to the decisions of the Snnreme Court of Washington and the Supreme Court of Idaho, which have upheld in those states respec tively second-choice laws. It Is to be. hnnprl that the Legislature of Oregon may pass the Rusk bill over the Gov- ernorls veto, or may enact a similar measure for the protection of the di rect primary and the elimination of unfit nominees. ROYAL BOSARIANS. When Portland, Jn due course of time, has become the undisputed Sum mer capital of the country, a pilgrim age that begins today will be set down as one of the important contriDuung factors. One hundred active, bustling business and professional men are de parting on that pilgrimage which is di rected upon California towns and is designed to herald to our neighbors Portland's floral achievements and ambitions. These spirited Portland boosters are taking the trip at their own ex pense, and since it means an extended tour by train and a ten days' absence from the city, the outlay is no small matter. The unselfishness and activ ity of Just such men is to be regarded as a chief asset of a growing metrop olis. The wheels of municipal growth will feel Increased power and mo mentum as a direct result of this am bitious expedition, which will carry abroad the word of our floral wealth as well as providing a concrete exhibl tion of our spirit, enthusiasm and en terprise. ' HOLIDAY NEWSPAPERS. Man of the papers in the Oregon country followed the growing custom of observing the holiday season the week before Christmas by printing enlarged editions with the colors of the holly leaf and berry well played up. Chief among them was that, of the Salem Statesman, needing twenty pages for illustrations and text, with large space devoted to holiday adver tising. The literary feature was strik ing and noticeable by absence of the hackneyed "stuff that in the old days was held good enough for Christmas. The wheat fields region is full of surprises. The Condon Times Is only a weekly, but it Is a mighty good lo cal paper and its eighteen pages of holiday edition matter reveal the business of the little city by large dis play of advertising by firms which seem to neglect publicity at other times of the year. Mr. Fltzmaurlce Is to be congratulated on this number. Then there is the Pilot Rock Record, published in a town of 350 people. This Is a small field for a newspaper, but It has the saving grace of being full of live wires, and not the least is Editor John P. McManus. . His Christ mas edition is typical of the man and his town. The Christmas edition of the Salem Journal, in three sections and illumi nated cover, shows that Colonel Ho fer sold to capable newspaper men. Salem has been so well exploit ed In years past by the Capital Journal that not much Is left for printing; this year Mr. Taber, the new editor, and THE MORNING OREGOXIAN. SATURDAY. DECEMBER 28, 1913. manager, confines his effort to liter ary matter, seasonal and fresh. The advertising columns are, too, a read able feature. - The La Grande ' Observer of the night before Christmas appeared in three sections. In which the resources of TTnion Countv and La Grande are well told. Statistics of the city's growth, showing in detail the build ings erected in 1912, sustain La Grande's claim of prosperity. The holiday number of the Pacific Homestead, as in other years, is nat urally devoted to. farm life. This year It has called to its aid the services of m fi ill' men pmlncn t in the state and Nation. It is a superb publication of. sixty-eight pages. Messrs. Hendricks, Abrams and Craig and all who help them are certain of receiving appre ciation of their work. ' ' The Walla Walla Union consists of eight sections of sixty-eight pages, with a two-color cover, telling every thing that need be told of the merits and resources of the region tributary to the metropolis of the grain-growing empire. While the advertising is largely of a holiday nature, tnere is much that gives idea of the manufac turing Industries that make the city prosper. nthoi- WHshlncrton nailers that spe cialized the season are the Goldendale Sentinel, with twenty-six pages within a cover of three colors: the Montesano Call: the Aberdeen World, in three sections, and the Olympian. Many papers in the smaller towns appeared in bright-colored covers, ohnwinir a nlrlt of enterprise not wholly warranted by receipts. Pub lishing a "country" weekly along orai nary lines is all work and no play, and when the editor indulges In a little extravagance in the holiday season he often does so at a sacrifice that his readers should appreciate. . THE PERFECT WOMAN. The perfect woman, from the stand point of health, is heralded as a stu dent in the College of Agriculture at Cornell University, and her perfection is vouched for by Dr. Esther Parker, of that institution. Her name Is Miss Elsa Rebecca Scheel, which, smacks more or less distinctly of Holland. Perhaps she is a descendant of some old Dutch family that came over with the patroons. Her mother is a physi cian. This may help account for Elsa's perfections. No doubt she escaped In her youth some of the Idio cies which the ordinary mother is only too prone to inflict upon her helpless offspring. . For the first fifteen months of a child's life its greatest peril lies in the over-fondness of an ignorant mother, as a rule. Elsa grew up with out ruining her nerves or her digestion. She has no passion for candy, and drinks neither coffee nor tea. Without regard to the requirements of ro mance, she confesses that she has not been ill a day in all her life. Elsa goes so far as to avow the belief that other girls might enjoy perfect health such as hers if "they would overcome their fear of things and stop studying too hard." We suppose she means their fear of written examinations, of Mrs. Grundy and other such specters. Very likely most girlB at co-educa-tlonal colleges study too hard, though we have not heard of any similar trou ble at young ladies' seminaries. It may interest the reader to know exactly what Elsa's physical dimen sions are. She is 5 feet 7 Inches tall. Her bust measures 34.6 Inches, her hips 40.4 and her waist 30.3. Whether she wears "a corset or not history omits to mention, but we infer from these figures that she does ' not. Elsa's Weight is 171 pounds, which proves that there Is no taint of fragility about her frame, and that her perfection does not apply In a purely artistic sense. She is wholesome, solid, sub stantial. Her complexion is as clear as the flowing springs of the moun tains and her favorite dish Is beefsteak. She has a Greek stomach, and, as we gather from the accounts of her stud ies, a Greek brain. What man would not like to marry such a woman if he dared? AMERICANS THROUGH FRENCH EYES. As might have been foreseen, Pro fessor Gustave Lanson, of the Uni versity of Paris, has written a book about America. The United States presents so many surprising and ques tionable aspects to intelligent foreign ers that they put their wonderment into print when they go back home. Professor Lanson came to Columbia University as an "exchange profes sor." " But his experience of America did not end with that. He lectured at all the principal universities and man aged in one way and another to see a. good deal of our life, as we learn from the New York Times. He met "three or four idealists," he admits, persons "of fine and subtle culture, lovers of let ters and art, who had made for them selves a scale of values and gave to everything the exact value in relation to their lives which It seemed to merit." But In general he found our leading personages to be anything but idealists, and, far from making their own scale of values, they accepted with astonishing docility the values which a somewhat crude society has already provided for them. Their principal ambition, as Professor Lan son read them, is to have everything in their surroundings as big as possi ble. They are not happy unless they have an office in the tallest building in the world filled with the most ex pensive furniture and served ' by the speediest elevator. Each millionaire wants his fortune to fee bigger than anybody else's. "He reels the need of wasting in order to prove that he has money without end. He must have too much heat in his house, too much food on his plate, a motor that Is too powerful on his automobile, too much electric light to illuminate his way." In other words. Professor Lanson believes that our opulent citizens have something yet to learn about the beauties of moderation. .New York's streets are too narrow to please him. He was not, impressed by the rush of traffic on lower . Broadway half as much as by the scantiness of it In other districts of the city.. He dis liked to see everything moving north and south in New York while the cross streets are left vacant. In Boston he found a reverent regard for antiquity, and especially for dead ancestors, which chimed in very well with Eu opean notions and therefore delight ed him. But these are Judgments which every foreigner makes with more or less acuteness and suavity of expression. Professor Lanson's criti cisms upon our educational achieve ments are more important than any thing else he has to say in his book. Regarding our most prominent educa tional enterprise, the cultivation of football, he Is not at all severe. Tak ing it for granted that all the students In the various universities partake In this enlivening sport, Professor Lanson infers that it must do wonders for the development of. their bodies. Had he pried a little more intimately into what really goes on In football circles he might have altered his opinion of the game as' a means of physical culture. Being a Frenchman he naturally ob jects to the predominant influence of German Ideals in- our universities. Since about the year 1870 we have been following Berlin and Leipsic with more and more fidelity and our devo tion has led us. Professor Lanson thinks, to cultivate minute erudition, narrow philology, dry statistics and every kind of study of detail at the expense of more important matters. But he sees the dawn of a better day. There Is a revival of French Influence In American colleges which will prob ably modify our subjection to Ger many In course of time. Coincident with the prevalence of German meth ods In our' higher Institutions there has been increasing study of the Ger man language in the public schools, with a corresponding neglect of French which Professor Lanson de plores. If he knew a little more of our history he could easily account for this condition. In those parts of the United States where the common schools have been most vigorous and successful there has been a heavy Ger man immigration, while comparative ly few people of influence have come from France. The consequence needs no magician to explain it. Since 1870 there has been a great rejuvenation of the higher education in France. Tlie whole subject has been committed to the state for regu lation and the- universities have been revolutionized. Under the new and better management they have pro duced a race of literary men and scientists who are leading the world. Responding to the attraction of the great modern writers and investiga tors in France, Americans are begin ning to flock to the Parisian centers of learning, sometimes even to the neglect of Berlin. Professor Lanson discerns the fault in our public schools which Americans themselves are forever deploring, the lack of thoroughness. The students are avid of knowledge, he concedes, but they acquire it in scraps and frag ments and fail to get to the bottom of things. This Is particularly the case in our language study. He says we study "about French, but do not study French." In literature he seemed to perceive an Inclination to rest satis fied with knowing what others had said about the' great authors. The students did not care to go to the authors themselves. To illustrate this disposition he tells a curious story about a young man who thought of writing a thesis on Rousseau's influ ences over American education. Pro fessor Lanson advised him to read "Emlle." The student objected on the ground that " 'Emlle' was such a big book." He imagined he could get all the material he needed out of sum maries and abridgements. He thinks our students are too dependent upon their teachers and far too dependent upon their text books. The idolatry of textbooks is indeed one of the strik ing traits by which American and for eign schools differ. Even in the study of the English language and litera ture Professor Lanson believes that we tend to deal with words and forms to the neglect of the author's broad thought and his relation to the life of the country. It stands to reason that some of his observations are mistaken, but they come near enough to the truth to deserve attentive consideration. The identity of German and British interests in the near East is one of those patent facts which it requires a good' deal of blindness not to see. Still very few ' Germans see It except the Kaiser, who is the shrewdest man in his empire, and no Britons except Lord Haldane and his circle. England's tire less and unscrupulous foe is Russia, with whom she has joined hands to despoil Persia and thwart Germany. This Is the kind of statesmanship which ruins empires. It is held by a Chicago Judge that a man who chews gum violently and tnlWK ranidlv is unfitted for serious Jury service. By the same token a nersnn who sings and whistles promis cuously enjoys a decided degree of brainlessness. Oregon Is asked to buy a painting of the old battleship Oregon. But we have harbor accommodations for the real article and a naval militia to util ize the crafty ' Progressives are talking hopefully of both 1916 and 1920. They should not overlook 1924. The farther off they put it the longer their hopes may live unblasted. The Mexican federal army got sep arated and attacked itself. One would suspect that some of our tinsel Colo nels had gone down and assumed com mand. ' A Chicago man stabbed his wife for extravagance In serving a piece of steak for dinner. He should have faced bankruptcy In a kindlier spirit. Still the suffragettes hike. But doubtless they are pretty well con vinced by this time that the tongue is mightier than the walking stick. General Wood must And little joy in planning an inauguration parade which must mark his demise as chief of staff of the Army. Locomotive silencers have now been perfected. But why isn't some effec tive device perfected for use on that German band? Two St. Louis misers starved to death rather than buy food and shel ter.. That's one solution of the high cost of living. Yet, those Bostonians who lost. $5, 000,000 in editions de luxe are not the first to lose heavily through bookmak ers. That North Dakota man who went to the poor farm In a taxi certainly knew the surest way of getting there. Now they're after the breakfast food trust. That's pretty hard on the dys pepsia tablet industry. For the absent-minded man, 1912 will continue to do service for at least another six months. The Turks aver that they cannot re cede. "We thought them the world's champion receders. The Royal Rosarians are proving their right to a regal title. But where, oh, where, are the pledges of yesteryear? Seeing the Light By Addison .Bennett. IF you go to the dictionary to get the definition of the word pride you will find there a very terse and very lucid explanation of the word's mean ing, but this definition seems to stop short with one sort of pride, commonly called ostentation. Are there not other and even more dangerous sorts? Is pride the same, always the same, as vanity? And what is vanity? Do you not see that when It comes to defining pride by mere figures of speech it would take from now until the end of the fourth dimension. Now, there Is the Major. If you should tell the Major that he is proud he would laugh in your face if In good humor. If morose he might slap It instead. The Major is not what is called .in this day of great wealth a rich man, but he Is by no means a poor man. Taking the Income from his city property, property that . is ever increasing in value by the way, and adding to that the interest on a couple of gilt-edged mortgages he holds, and then to that again his pension, and the Major can count certain on ?20 coming in every day in the year. And the Major pretty well lives up to his Income. He belongs to a club where he spends quite a bit of money, he keeps up a household, consisting of himself, an aged housekeeper and a man-of-all work, he owns an automo bile, he lives and dresses well, patro nizes the theaters and other show places, travels quite a bit, spends his Summers, or a portion of each, at some Eastern resort lives in every way like a prosperous, care-free gentleman. . The Major proud? Well, come along with me and let us see the Major at his best or worst. There is not much difference for he is always uniformly good according to his own ideas, and always -uniformly bad according to other standards. It is a beautiful star-lit night during the holiday season. The Major has been to the club, where he has spent the evening listening to his com panions telling about the Christmas presents they have given and received. The Major took no part in the con versation. He simply listened, listened and set down the assertions of both giving and receiving as what he called "that foolish Christmas pride." For the Major never made any Christmas presents, nor any other gifts. Nor did he ever receive any at least he had not since, since well, that was long years ago; she has lain long in her grave and It Is all quite a dif ferent storv. The Major has no relatives nearer than a 'steenth cousin or two, waom he never saw and never hears from. So he live for himself, to himself, within himself. And his great pride lies in his absolute certainty that all giving is a matter of pride, foolish pride. So the Major is prouder than Lucifer, but don't know it. As he was. going home on the night in question, say it was last night or the night before, sitting m tne taxicao an thinking of all of this great folly anent Christmas presents, he noticed what a fine evening it was it was nearly 11 o'clock and conduced ne would sret out and walk home. So he dismissed the taxi and started on his half-mile walk, for his commodious home is well out in the suburbs. Scarcely had he alighted than he saw almost beside him on the sidewalk a pheerv middle-aged woman, apparently a hard working person. But almost before he was aware of .her presence she srave a hearty "Good evenln sor. She was evidently Irish and surely a very poor person. Ordinarily he would not have spoken to her. But there was that unexplainable something in the smile on her wrinkled race, xne love in her clear blue eyes, the wholesome n and satisfaction In her manner and speech, that before he was aware of it he gave in response a coruiai iw evening to you, Madam." And there was Just enough emphasis on the "you" to make 'the message personal and confidential, and the old lady .was at her ease instantly, and thev went on side by side. "Blessed ho." said she. "for this fine evenln". I had to go away over to town to col lect a wee bit of money for one o me washes, and I did not dare spind the carfare to ride home, because Mickey, that is me little crippled bhoy, God bless his dear heart, needs some medi cine, and I did not have the price. And Michael, that's me husband, is out of word and, Ihdade, is not able to work for the cough of him and the rheuma tic in his 1'ints. And Mary Ellen, that's me eldest daughter, and a fine girrl she is if I do say it that shouldn't why bless me foolish old soul here I be goin' on with me throubles when I havn't a throuble in the world, for 1 do be havin' plenty of washin' to do for sphlendld folks, indade and indade I do. "But lishten! But lishten till me shtorv! When I was going over to get me bit of wash money I was sore graved, for I had to let the howly Christmas pass without a gift at all at all for one of the childher! Think nf that now! Let Christmas pass with every little stocking empty on thatJ howly morning! "But here I am wid all of me sorry turned to Joys, for when Missus Ma ginnls gave me me wash money what did she do but slip into me hand a dollar, a whole dollar, sayln' to me, says she, 'buy the childher a wee bit of Christmas present,' says she. And here It Is, look at it, and look at me wid me ev'ry sorry turnea to joy. The Maior was like one in a trance. Here was a new side of life, a new side of human nature, and a great sob wa choked back In his throat. In lt nlaee came a "thank God for meet ing this dear old soul." His hand went nithilv into his nocket. it closed around a $20 gold piece, he placed it in her hand and before she could clasp his knees In her arms, as she at tempted, he fled. But he did not go far until he came back and said to the happy old lady, "Here is my cara have Michael call on me tomorrow." And a short time after the Major, ar. rayed in his pajamas, sat long on his bedside, sat long and thought deeply. Finally he slid down beside the bed like a little child and in broken, sob bing tones whispered, as he fell upon bis knees, and the tears coursed down his cheeks, "Dear God I thank thee for sending this dear old soul to show me the light." Clsareitea Loiter Army Efficiency. Chicago Inter Ocean. Dr. Lewis B. Fisher, of the Univer sity of Chicago, does not believe In the efficiency of the soldier who smokes cigarettes. He asserted his belief while addressing the Chicago Political "In a time of war I believe there are enough gymnasium, atnieuc xraineu girls In this country to shoot the heads off the cigarette smoking boys," he said. ' "The women are as much wealth producers as the men. I believe, further more, in fewer and better voters. In time there must be a line drawn be tween voters and non-voters. A sex line in this would be Idiotic The line might be an educational one, and in this way the citizen who reads and writes is the one who votes." Experiment of a Cook. Indianapolis News. The wife cooked a dish of prunes, which appeared to find no favor with members of the family. The prunes "went begging" for a day or two, until the husband, tired of seeing them, de cided to get rid of them. The next evening he found a big dish of prunes at his place. "You liked those other prunes so well," said his wife, "that I thought I would cook some more." U. S. GRANT SUPERIOR TO R. E. IEE Issue Taken With Claim that Southern er Was Greater General. WILLAMETTE UNIVERSITY, Dec. 24. (To the Editor.) An editorial in a recent number of The Oregonlan dis cusses the "Ten Greatest Americans." Speaking of soldiers. It names R. E. Lee and U. S. Grant, suggesting that Lee was the greater. Some others have claimed that "Stonewall' Jackson" was the "greatest military genius." We can not agree with either view. The people of the North now very generally feel kindly toward Lee. Per sonally he was a worthy man. And the fact that after Appomattox he de voted himself to peace, is appreciated. We do not forget the fact that he broke faith with the Nation that educated him; but we hold no spite against him. As Lee's claim to greatness rests solely on his work for the Confederacy, it is well to note here that since the Confederacy was a failure one of three things must be true (1) Its In stigators failed to make sufficient preparation in advance. (2) The cause was inefficiently managed after it was launched, which would condemn every responsible leader, Lee with the rest. (3) The cause itself lacked real merit. Will any one say that this statement is other than fair to all? While others should share the blame for the downfall of the Confederacy (Pollard thinks most of the blame should go to Jeff Davis) It is true that from the first, Lee led a losing cause; and In the interest of truth, we must distinguish between the man who succeeds; and the man who falls. It was not always, or altogether. Lee's fault that he lost certain battles. He was hampered and hindered by others some soldiers, some civilians. Inci dentally, Lee beat off this Federal at tack and that; but in the outcome, he was outmarched, outfought, defeated, overcome, and finally captured. These are simple facts, and under these con ditions, (1) AS Confederate leader, the only campaigns of offense he ever planned, or undertook (the invasion of Maryland, and the invasion of Penn sylvania), were monumental failures! And (2) Aside from these, practically all his fighting was defensive, and on e-round of his own choosing. Grant had to fight him wherever Lee chose to make a stand. As to the outcome, the excuse Is al ways made that "Lee was overwhelmed by superior numbers," etc. However true as to special cases, this is utterly misleading as to the actual facts of the war. Since the negroes were trusted to stay at home, to produce food for the men in the army, and to care for the wives, the sisters and daughters, they were worth as much to the Confederacy as so many white people. Now, in 1881, the population of the sections was, in round numbers: The North, 20,000,000; the South, 12.000,009. The odds in num bers against the South were but five to three. Passing the old boast that "one Southerner was equal to three Northerners," remember that the South was on the defensive, and could pick ground and fortify; thus far overcom ing the odds in numbers. Taking as his text the "War Papers' of the Century Magazine, Lord Wol seley, for years ranking officer of the British army, wrote a critique which was' published in the North American Review. He was Lee's friend, and he repeatedly says that Lee was "one of the greatest, if not the greatest," of soldiers. Hear then what he says of Lee's faults. He says that both Lee and Jackson laid too much stress on the supposed demoralization of the Union forces after McClellan's retreat from before Richmond, and after Pope's de feat at the second battle of Bull Run; and that Lee's Invasion of Maryland was a blunder that could end only In disaster. He says the battle of Seven Pines was lost to Lee because, among other things, Lee had "bad maps, and insufficient . acquaintance with the ground." And this in sight of Richmond, the capital city! He says "During the course of this long war, some great opportunities were lost to the Con federacy, for the delivery of a death blow to the Northern armies. But upon no other occasion was the opportunity on nnnarent. or the results that would have attended success so evident, as at Trrfirlpksburtr. That battle was a Dm Han success. Lee ought to have made it a crushing, if not a final victory. On the preceding page he had said: "General Lee made some mistakes In his most brilliant career; but the great est was after the battle of Fredericks burg. . . . The reasons he gives In his published dispatches, for having failed, either to push the Federal army into the river or to compel its surrender, are most unsatisfactory. Burnside's army was at Lee's mercy." He says of Grant's army at North Anna River: "Both wings were at Lee's mercy." We say simply this If Lee had the oppor tunities that Wolseley says he had, and failed to use them, he was an Incom petent. Whether Lee was a great General the "Greatest of American Soldiers," is to be decided, not by sentiment nor by sectional feeling, but by appeal to cold facts, such facts as those Lord Wol seley relates. We would give General Lee every laurel he ever earned. We would not say a word against him in malice, or because of prejudice. But we have a right to demand that note be taken of this fact Whatever Lee's worthiness, his ability, or his skill as a soldier. Grant captured Lee. With numerical strength of but five to three in his favor, Grant dared to beard the Confederate lion in his den, and there on . his own ground, he overcame and captured him. Grant organized armies, he planned campaigns, and he carried them through to success. He fought battles, fought them through to vic tory. He put down rebellion, and he secured peace for his country. Lee was the ablest of Confederates, no doubt, but "greatest of American soldiers" never. That honor belongs not to Lee, but to the man who conquered and cap tured Lee. JAMES LISLE, Librarian, Willamette University. AMERICA AVON BY SPARROWS English Poet Reviews Pant History On This Continent. Indianapolis News. William H. Davies, the English litera teur, who has written some good poetry, tells In T. P.'s London Weekly of his earlier attempts In rhyme. He tells that when 21 years old he left home and went to America, where for six yeans he wandered as a tramp, making an occasional trip across the Atlantic with cattle. All this while, he said, the dream of a literary life never left him for a whole day. He wrote In a note book his occasional thoughts and some verses. One night he slept in a barn in the wilds of Michigan. The next morning, after he had left the barn, the note book was missing. He returned to the barn unobserved, searched through the hay, but could not find the book and left without it. He believed, for tramps at that time were in specially bad favor, that if the farmer had seen him about his barn he would have shot the tramp poet. Among the fragments In this lost note book, Mr. Davies said, was one. entitled "To A Sparrow." "I had been sitting." he said, "10- a park In Boston, watching and feeding the sparrows when it occurred to me that a fine poem could be written on that parti cular bird. It was supposed to be such a pest In America that the papers were always complaining of it and always referred to it as the 'English' sparrow. The plot of my poem was this: That although America got the best of us at war, yet we reconquered the coun try with, the help of our sparrows, which the Americans could not exter minate. This poem was lost in my note book. However, if it had not been lost I am not sure that it would have added much to our literature." FACTS OX LOGANBERRY CULTURE. Advice Given by Expert on Growing of Profitable Product. Th following extracts taken from an address delivered by an authority on Loganberrry culture, Mr. Brut as pinwall, before the Oregon State Horti cultural Society, in November, 1911, will give some Idea as to raising and caring for the Loganberry, which is now con- rt (h. vorv hfHt fruits on the market and meets with great favor wnerever introduced: T ,(!! tolrA im thtt rnldlnST of the Loganherry from the beginning. 'irst, you snouia nave u ruuu, ueep, rich, dark loam soil with preferably a clay sub-soli, as this will retain the moisture better than a gravelly or sandy soil. Land that is slightly rolling Is to be preferred, as dralnape is very Important. The ground should be well prepared in the Fall; then early in the Spring should be thoroughly worked and put In good condition for plant ing. In obtaining plants be sure and get only first-class tip plants or good one-year-old transplants, as the growth of the Loganberry for several year will depend on the start it gets. We plant them eight feet apart each way. This requires about 680 plants to the acre. In setting them out we mark the ground both ways and lake out a good shovelful of dirt for each plant, packing it back in around the plants by hand, to keep them from drying out. After they are properly set out they should be worked at least once each week dur ing the Summer with something to keep the surface stirred and hold the moisture. We use mostly a spring tooth harrow and clod-masher, and work them both ways during the first Summer. If planted in March or April the plants will not grow enough to in terfere with the cultivation till late in the Summer, when they will begin to shoot out over the ground, making vines several feet long before Winter. Early In the Fall build your trellises, using good cedar posts seven feet long. Set them In the ground two feet and not over 32 feet apart In the rows, an choring the end posts good. We use three No. 12 galvanized wires, putting the bottom one about 20 Inches from the ground and the top one on top of the posts. It Is best to run the rows north and soutn, so as to give mo uu a more even chance at the ripening -..( in t.aininc thA vines weave them around through the wires, spread ing them over as mucn bpm vi sible. Where the temperature goes be low zero the vines should be put on the ground ana eoverea wim ou.w uu.- ng tne winter o naey iuom freezing. ... "As -soon as the ground is ready- to plow in the Fall, we plow It towards the rows and leave it In this condition till Spring, so as to give the water a chance to run off between the rows. In the Spring we plow It away from the rows, and after hoeing between the hills, take a disc harrow and throw the dirt bacK to tne row, lovoims i" ground. From then on during the Sum- wa.v with a snrlnir-tooth har row and clodmasher about once a week. It is also a good plan to loosen up mo dirt around the hills with a spading fork. The new shoots should be kept . trained into the rows so as not to break them off in working with teams. "As soon as we are through picking we cut out the old vines and train up the new ones. We throw the old ones between the rows and cut them up with a sharp disc harrow so that they can easily be plowed under and serve as a fertilizer. ... "The first crop should be from one to three tons of fresh fruit to the acre and after that a good average yield Is from four to five tons, or even more, to the acre, worth $80 per ton. "The Loganberry Is now used fresh, canned and evaporated. We find the evaporator the best means of handling them In large quantities successfully. For Ties, jams and jellies it has no equal and they also make a good wine. Professor V. P. Gardner estimates the profits from loganberries raised on land worth 300 per acre, counting In terest on Investment and all expenses, at 37.4 per cent. Loganberries will prove a great source of wealth for Western Oregon and Washington, where soils and climatic conditions are favorable. GEO. W. M'COV. Trade in Ha man Hair. Popular Mechanics. Trade In human hair is a big industry abroad, exports sometimes reaching a total of $3,000,000 to $4,000,000 a year. Italian merchants lead in the trade, and obtain a large part of their stock from the peasant women of Italy. Switzerland and Dalmatia. A peculiar method is in vogue among the women of these countries in order to produce a supply of hair regularly and yet not appear to have been "shorn" at all. They cut off half of the hair at the back of the head and then twist the remaining half over the exposed part and dress it In such a manner that the agents of the human hair merchants come around fcr the semi-annual crop or nair inns ra.eu. SPECIAL SUNDAY FEATURES The Reaper JS, a r v e s t A complete summary o the year's necrology. Two hundred and sixty names of the eminent wero enrolled. A timely and valuable full page. Mrs. Catt An illustrated out line of the life and work of the greatest woman in suffrage. She gives a personal interview on the subject of her strange career, as well as upon the topic of votes for women. Wolf Coursing Third in the series of American hunting articles by Theodore Koosevclt. It describes a mounted hunt in Oklahoma, Should Married Women Work? A new sort of discus sion, in which an eminent wo man goes deeply into the sub ject. The American Sphinx It is the huge statue of an Indian, and is bound to figure in the far future history of the world. An illustrated half page. 1913 Via Wireless The new year will be flashed into ex istence by United States Gov ernment wireless apparatus, which is an innovation that will be extensively used in the fu ture. How time is kept track of and checked up on. The Close Call Being the third article by Gerald Brandon on his thrilling adventures as a war correspondent in Mexico during the Madero revolution. reeding Our Tars by Elec tricity A feature page in col ors, describing the modern culi nary arrangement which takes care of a household of 60me 48,000 people. Two short stories. Many other features. Order today from your newsdealer.