Morning Oregonian., December 28, 1912, Page 2, Image 2

THE MORXING OREGONIAN. SATURDAY. DECEMBER 28, 1912.
Special Sale
AUSTRIA'S INTENT
PRESIDENT-ELECT, TOWN OF HIS BIRTH WHICH WELCOMED HTM HOME LAST. NIGHT, AND PRES
BYTERIAN MANSE IN WHICH HE WAS BORN.
pttfVY .in -i?5Jrsw . ? r ir - -t-i i
IIOW CHIEF POINT
m.- m.M.m.m.m., w
A 4 X
tv '
Turk Regarded as Bluffing
Merely, With No Hope of
.. Winning in End. .
a. , . I
'i t'
ALLIES' RANKS- UNBROKEN
3L "
W;geWl mm Oramres
W ' tig
-Plana for-Slat-onio Empire Are Re
flected .in Tempting Offers to
MontenegroItaly and Rus
sia Oppose Scheme.
tOVDOX, Dee. 28. The corTmpondrn.
of the Dally Mall at Vienna aaya that
be learna that the Aaatrlaa Government
will aot withdraw a single soldier from
the avnthcra frontiers until the Serr
Is us evacuate Darans.
UOXVOS, Dec. t7. Turkey's reply to
the demand made several days ago by
the Balkan allies as a basis for peace
In Southeastern Europe will be deliv
ered tomorrow to tha peace conference
Jn St. James' Palace.
Interest, however, again has shifted
from this phase of the situation and Is
centered tonight In the question of
what are the intentions of Austria with
respect to the Balkans.
The .peace delegates are prepared to
consider the reply of tne ottoman gov
ernment and Its counter proposals,
startling though the latter may be, as
simply points for future negotiations.
Turkey Merely Bluffing;.
It Is well known that Turkey has
not the least hope of obtaining what
she will demand and also that she nas
no Intention of resuming a war that
inav result in further disaster.
That this is the situation seems to
receive confirmation from the fact that
several attempts already have been
made unofficially by members of the
Turkish delegation to get the Montene
grin. Servian and Greek delegates to
recede from the demand that Adrian
ople be surrendered, promising in re
turn that Turkey will not object to
their respective enlargements terri
torially1. These advances and reports
emanating from Constantinople that
Bulgaria is negotiating terms direct
with Turkey there are considered to
have as their basic purposes an at
tempt to divide the allies.
Allies Positively United.
The representatives of the Balkan
states have resisted all temptations
placed in their way and present today
as united a front as they did the first
day of the negotiations, and are Just
as determined as ever to have their
own way in concluding: peace.
Instead of diminishing, excitement is
growing among the Servian and Mon
tenegrln delegations over what are con
sidered Austria's plana in the Balkans.
That the. dual monarchy seems deter
mined to carry out these plans Is con
sidered proved by the fact that she has
not yet begun to demobilize the big
army she recently called to the colors.
It is now considered certain that at
the resumption of the ambassadorial
conference January 2, Austria will urge
tire representatives of Europe to make
the territory of autonomous Albania
as large as possible, including in It
Prlsrend. DJacova and Scutari.
Montenegrins Belns; Tempted.
Meanwhile Austria Is tempting
Montenegro by proposing, in exchange
for Austria's support and the occupa
tion of Scutari by Montenegro, that
Austria take possession of the moun
tains dominating Cattaro. which thus
would become such an impregnable na
val stronghold as to make the Vienna
government the real master of the
Adriatic Sea.
Italy, the power chiefly interested,
opposes a scheme that gives her rival
the coveted supremacy on the sea.
which once was considered a Venetian
lake. Russia is anxious to prevent the
Austrian project, which, if successful,
would stifle forever the Muscovite am
bition to obtain an outlet In the Adriatic.
Montenegro considers that the scheme
would be fatal to her very existence,
as Scutari is the real soul of the coun
try, while the loss of the mountains
above Cattaro, besides depriving her of
a strong weapon against Austria, would
put the country In Austrian hands, as
from these mountains cannon could
dominate Cettlnje. Austria's project is
causing dissatisfaction against the
triple entente, which Is accused of act
ing against its own interests in failing
to defend the Balkans.
Servla Wants Only to Develop.
The Servian delegation observes that
it has only asked a port for the free
development of the country without
Austrian intervention.
"This port," the Servians say, "al
though already conquered by our arms,
has been taken from us in deference
to the will of Austria. The triple
entente also meekly acquiesced to the
will of the triple alliance when it con
sented to the formation of an artificial
Albania composed of all the territories
which Austria covets for herself,
granting to Servia Instead, a commer
cial port, the only guarantees of which
are illusory.
"If official Albania should be domi
nated by Austria a policy of chicane
could be Inaugurated and cause all im
aginable difficulties to Servian com
merce. Italian support would be only
theoretical, as Italy never would fight
Austria to guarantee Servla a neutral
port.
Issue of Emancipation Raised.
"The question of a port is trifling if
placed by itself, but behind it Is the
question whether the Balkans are to
be enslaved to the triple alliance or
emancipated. The emancipation of the
Balkans, achieved by splendid victories
of the allies, threatens to be lost
through inconceivable weakness of the
triple entente. The triple entente
urges peace at any cost, even yielding
on the frontiers of Albania. It is pro
posed to turn Servia out of Durazzo be
cause she occupied it, and to deprive
Montenegro of Scutari because she did
not take it."
"Nobody proposes to enlarge Albania
over the southern territories which the
Greeks have not conquered or to de
prive Bulgaria of such of the fruits of
her victory.
"Only Servia and Montenegro are to
be sacrificed in order to allow Austria
to permit intervention In the Balkans
and prevent a final settlement of the
status of the peninsula.
Mobilisation Prevents Solution.
"The Austrian declares he desires no
territorial agrandizement. but through
his mobilization he prevents a solution
ot the Balkan problem and imposes the
formation of Albania Into territories
which Austria will seize at the first op
portunity. German policy will be defi
nitely substituted In the Orient for the
Balkanic-Slav equilibrium if the triple
entente makes this last abdication be
fore the triple alliance. The Balkan
Slavs realize that not even a victorious
war can gain for them conditions neces
sary to their political, moral and econ
omic development, and find that their
safety lies In a close understanding
with Austria
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ABOVE, BIRDSETE VIEW OF STAliSTO.V, VA-BEIOW, LEFT, PRESIDES T-ELECT WILSON; RIGHT, HOUSE I.V
WHICH MR. WILSON WAS BORX FIFTY-SIX TEARS AGO TODAY.
WELCOH
EIS
Virginia Town Vociferous
Demonstration for Wilson.
in
EFFECT OF COLD LINGERS
President-elect Retires Early to
Room in Manse in Which He Was
Born 56 Yearn Ago Day
Like Fourth of July-. ..:
Continued From First Page.)
cently chosen chairman of the inaugu
ration committee.
"The thing has been overdone In the
past," said the Governor to him. "I
wish you would have the ceremonies as
simple as may be consistent with dig
nity and order."
As he stepped to the platform the
President-elect was greeted by Sen
ators Martine, of New Jersey, and
Swanson, of Virginia, and Represen
tatives Jones and Carlin, of Virginia;
Chairman Eustis and Secretary Vick,
of the Inaugural committee, and others.
Governor Wilson shook hands
heartily with those introduced to him
and talked a few minutes to Air. Eustis,
referring briefly to the inaugural
plans. Then he stepped into the car
and the informal reception continued
as the car was switched from the
Pennsylvania tracks to the waiting
Chesapeake & Ohio train.
T. R. TALKS OF HISTORY
Representatives Carlin and Jones, of
this state, got aboard at Alexandria.
Mr. Wilson was unable to speak at
any of the stops en route, his physl
clan having forbade unnecessary ex.
posure. Senator Swanson explained
this to the crowd at Culpeper, and Gov
ernor Wilson raised his hat to ac
knowledge their cheers.
It was at Manassas that the first of
the series of .bonfires along the route
crackled a welcome. The Governor
peered from his stateroom at the fires
along the way.
"Is it the Fourth of July?" he
queried, as cannon roared and skyrock
ets gleamed at Orange. Another dls
play of fireworks came at Gordons
ville, but the biggest crowd of all
pressed around the train at Charlottes
ville, where Governor and Mrs. Mann
and a delegation from Richmond joined
the party.
Classmates Give Greeting.
Harry Smith, Jr, and Speaker Bird,
of the House of Delegates, both of
them classmates of Governor Wilson
at the University of Virginia Law
School, greeted the President-elect
here. He thanked them warmly for
their efforts in his behalf of the p re
convention campaign.
Joseph E. Willard. ex-Lieutenant-
Governor of Virginia, had his private
car attached at Charlottesville and the
party of former Virginians was in
creased to nearly 100 by the time of
arrival at Staunton.
VERGIIflAX QCOTES WILSON
Representative Jones Says Governor
Favors Liberty for Filipino.
STAUNTON. Va., Dec. 2". President
elect Wilson favors a provisional gov
ernment for the Philippines for eight
years and Independence thereafter, ac
cording to Representative Jones, of
Virginia, chairman of the House In
sular affairs committee, who discussed
the Philippine situation with him on
the train today.
The President-elect announced mere
ly that he had talked with Mr. Jones
about the general situation in the
Philippines." When asked particularly
If he had talked about the bill being
pressed by Representative Jones In
Congress, proposing a provisional gov
ernment for eight years and indepen
dence afterward, Mr. Wilson replied:
Oh we talked about that at Sea Ulrt
last Summer."
Representative Jones, however, had
no hesitancy in saying that Governor
Wilson already had heartily indorsed
to him the pending bill.
We really don t expect tne measure
to pass this Congress," said Mr. Jones,
"but it surely will go through in the
extra session and will be one of the
first pledges of the Democratic Na
tional platform to be carried out."
SIMPLE CEREMONY REFERRED
Wilson Thinks Past Inaugurals Have
Been Too Pretentions.
WASHINGTON. Dec. 27. Inaugura
tion ceremonies In the past have been
too spectacular and pretentious, in the
opinion of President-elect Woodrow
Wilson, who wants nis inauguration to
be as simple as possible.
At Washington, where his train
stopped for a few minutes en route to
Staunton, governor Wilson talked to- j
day with William Corcoran Eustis, re-
COLOXEL DECLARES LIFE, XOT
DEATH, SHOULD BE SHOWN.
SPIRIT SAVES T
Of
Turks Like Ancient Selves in
Adrianople Garrison.
DEFENSE IS WELL MADE
Writers Should Portray Immense
Panorama of Past as Events
Actually Were, He Says.
BOSTON. Dec. 27. Colonel Roose
velt, speaking tonight on "History of
Literature," in Symphony Hall, ad
dressed members of six National asso
ciations now holding conventions here.
He is president of one. of these socie
ties, the American Historical Associa
tion.
The other organizations are the
American Association for fLabor Legis.
lation, the American Sociological So
ciety, the American Statistical Asso
ciatlon, the American Economic Asso
ciation and the American Political
Science Association.
Colonel Roosevelt discussed the art
of the historian from the viewpoints of
science, poetry, mythology and litera
ture.
He argued that history should wel
come the entrance on its domain of
every science, and that future histori
ans should make use of material from
every possible source to convey vivid
and lifelike pictures of the past.
The great historian of the future, he
said, would be the man who had the
genius to reconstruct for his readers
the immense panorama of the past. He
must possess knowledge and wisdom.
He must ,ue his material with such
potent wizardry that "we shall see the
life that was and not the death that is.
Whether it be Egypt, or Mesapotamia,
or Scandinavia with which he deals.
the great historian, If the facts permit
him, will put before us the men and
women as they actually lived, so that
we shall recognize them for what they
were living beings."
BEEF CATTLE SCARCER
PEOPLE SPEND MORE BUT GET
LESS MEAT.
Increasing Demand Is Coincident
With Falling Off of Production
in Western States.
CHICAGO, Dec. 27. Fewer cattle by
281.298 have been received at the Chi
cago stockyards this year than in 1911,
according to figures given out tonight.
uespite tnis tact, more money was paid
for beef In 1912 than in 1911 by J3.2S2,
735. The total paid out this year was
$183,488,909.
Three reasons are given for the In
creased price of beef. The Western
states did not raise as many cattle as
usual because of droughts, many farm
ers are turning tneir pastures into
wheat fields and the demand for beef
has increased. It was explained that
the population in the United States has
increased in the last 20 years 20 per
cent, while the increase In cattle, pro
duction has been only 8 per cent.
Beef exports fell off this year be
cause of the big home demand. In 1911
there were 47,000 cattle exported from
the Chicago yards compared with 23,000
this year.
Crude Oil Advances.
BEAUMONT. Texas, Dec. 27. Crude
oil passed the dollar mark today for
the first time In the history of the
Gulf Coast, when the product of the
Batson Producers, aggregating 11.000
barrels a day, was sold at ?1.07 a
barrel. .
Diplomacy Seeks to Get Fortress Not
Yet Taken by Force of Anns.
With Back to Wall, Turk
Again Is Terrible.
(Continued lrora First Page.)
was graven on the minds of his coun
trymen. By diplomacy he must get a
fortress which was not yet taken by
force of arms. If he went home without
it, he must face the same sort of un
popularity that Baron Komura, head
of the Japanese Commissioners at
Portsmouth, faced when he returned to
Japan without any Indemnity.
The day that Komura and his party
boarded the outward-going steamer at
Yokohama, a foreign diplomatist said
to him:
"Yours Is an honor that rarely comes
to any foreign Minister. You wrote the
ultimatum, and now you go to dictate
the terms of peace."
At the moment the Japanese were
sending up daylight fireworks over the
harbor In Komura's honor.
"Yes. I am going," he said; "and like
the rockets going up. I shall return
like the rocket sticks."
Daneff Knows of Fatnrr.
For Komura knew that he would not
be able to get any indemnity. Japan
must have peace, she had fought her
self to a standstill, while all the world,
in view of her previous victories,
thought that she had only to press the
button in order to win anotner vie
tory. '
What did Daneff know as he jour
neyed Londonward, stopping at Buch
arest to see the Roumanian statesmen,
who must have "something" in the dis.
memberment of the Turkish corpse at
Vienna, which must also have some
thing, and at Berlin, which wanted to
make sure that no one got anytning
which interfered with German inter
ests? He must have known, as well
as Komura knew, whether his rocket
was going up to become a fixed star
or whether he was to come oown wiin
the stick. He must have known
whether Turkey was to keep Adriano
ple or not. Its future was in his port
folio.
Glance at a map and you will see
that the whole success of the allies
depended upon bottling up the Turk on
the nenlnsula. so that all tne oxner
Turkish forces from Scutari to Adri
anople, from Kumanova to Elassona,
should be cut off from communication.
The Greeks, Serbs and Montenegrins
were the backs. The Bulgars under
took to buck the line.
Turk on Defensive From First.
Bulgaria did not have to consider a
reserve army. European puouc opin
ion and the jealousies of the powers
acted as efficient substitutes for one.
Bulgarian military statesmanship un
derstood that if Bulgaria were beaten
the powers would never permit Turkey
to take an inch of Bulgarian soil. It
was a case of "Heads I win, tails I
don't lose."
The Turks knew this, too. It was an
old situation to them. Successful war
meant no aggrandizement, only that no
more territory would be taken from
them. This is enough, after some gen
erations, to breed the defensive instinct
in any soldier. The Turk must have
his back against the wall in order to
fight well. His attitude is that of the
mad bull against the toreador; and a
very mad bull, we know, sometimes
gets a horn into the toreador's anat
omy and tosses him over the palings.
This happened to the Greeks at Janina.
It also happened In a way at Adrianople.
Victory is to tne Heaviest Dattai-
ions." Bonaparte said this, but after
Caesar said it, and Caesar said it after
some General of Egypt, Babylon or
Ninevah. The allies knew that their
success depended on speed in a Fall
campaign speed and the shock of
masses pouring over the frontier.
Theis was a hundred-yard-dash
chance. The Serbs at Kumanova, their
critical battle, had odds of at least
four to one. The Greeks never had
less favorable odds, usually much high-
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er. As for the Montenegrins, who had
a small show, what they did in one
way or another did not matter. They
had work to keep them fully occupied
as it developed in the siege of Scutari.
The only one of the allies who dis
dained modern organization, their fail
ure to make any headway again em
phasizes the wide difference between
a body of men with rifles and an ac
tual -army.
WORLD TRYING TOO MUCH
Jewish Teacher Says Speed Mania
Has Reached Classroom.
MEMPHIS, Tenn., Dec. 27. Dr. Israel
Abrams, of London, reader in Rab-
binlcs of the University of Cambridge,
told the Jewish Chautauqua Society to
day that he found the children of
America woefully ignorant of the cus
toms, geography and history of the
Old World, and urged that the United
States Congress be petitioned to remove
the tariff on English educational
books that the children might have
more opportunity of enlightenment.
David Weglein, teacher in public and
religious schools of Baltimore, said the
world was trying to do things too fast
and that the speed mania had spread
to the classroom. The result was that
the teacher did too much of the work,
and what thoughts the pupil had did
not have sufficient time for expression,
he declared.
By actual experiment, Mr. Weglein
said, it was shown that the average
schoolteacher asked 250 questions In a
recitation period of 45 minutes.
Representative McHenry Dead.
HARRISBURG, Pa., Dec. 27. Repre
sentative John G. McHenry, of the
Sixteenth Pennsylvania District, died
fieU and Wing
By FREDERICK FAnnlNG AUK
Sbsorbing, astounding, inspiring,
baffling. Lonrfon Academy.
Power and originality.
Cork Examiner.
A great work Boston Herald.
Marks of genius constantly.
Troy Record.
A wealth of ideas.
Boston Transcript.
Genuine aspiration and power.
Occult Review, England.
Near the stars.
Portland Oregonian.
Astounding fertility.
Brooklyn Times.
A striking book of verse.
- Boston Post.
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