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I-OKTLAXD. SATURDAY, NOV. . W12-
STEDLtTORS IX BALEAX AfTAIBS.
Kaleidoscopic are the changes -which
have come over the theater of mili
tary and diplomatic conflict In Eu
rope since the Balkan war began only
seven weeks ago, but none la more
startling than that which presents
Britain and Germany as the Joint me
diators and peacemakers. Each cor
dially hating the other, both seek to
avert a general war into which they
may be drawn as foes. Each Is fully
convinced that the day la not far dis
tant when they must meet in a giant
test of strength, but each, knowing
that that test will strain every national
thew and sinew and that the result Is
uncertain, seeks to postpone the day.
They have good ground for thus
putting off the conflict, for their di
rect Interest In the outcome of the
present war Is not great. It is not
sufficient alone to Justify them In re
sorting to arms. But if Austria and
Russia should come to blows, the ob
ligations of Britain and Germany to
their allies might force them Into the
struggle. Reluctant to be thus In
volved in others' quarrel and equally
reluctant to prove false to their allies
In the latters day of trial, they nat
urally seek to avoid either alternative
by bringing the opposing nations to
terms through the slower but blood
less methods of diplomacy.
Austria has more direct cause for
fighting than has Russia. Her great
inland empire touches the sea only at
a small corner and needs a wider
doorway. Her polyglot population
Includes millions of Serbs in Croatia,
Slavonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, all
bordering on free and independent
- Servia. A great kingdom of Servla,
stretching from the Danube to the
Adriatic and perhaps to the Aegean
Sea, would constitute a strong center
of attraction to men of the same race
who have frequently revolted against
Austrian rule. It would be a constant
source of danger to the conglomerate
aggregation of peoples who are gath
ered under Austrian rule. A move
ment of the Serbs to unite under the
Servian King would be threatened and
would be a signal for like movements
by other nationalities ruled by Austria
to realize their race Ideals of inde
pendence. Exclusion from the sea is
necessary not only to tne realization
of Austria's desire for a longer sea
coast, but to the bottling up of Ser
via as an Inland nation dependent on
other nations for access to the sea,
and therefore harmless to Austria.
Albania Is a convenient barricade
on Servia's road to the sea. Descend
ants of the ancient Illyrlans of Roman
times, always rebellious against and
half independent of Turkey, the Al
banians are more than half Moham
medans. Of the Christians, one-half
adhere to the Roman Church. They
have no bond of sympathy with the
Balkan allies except hatred of Turk
ish oppression. Montenegro no sooner
gave signs of making the war a religi
ous crusade than she was deserted by
the Malissori tribesmen of Northern
Albania and the Mohammedans Joined
-the Turks and fought savagely for
them. When Servla showed her pur-
pose to annex part of Albania and se
cure an Albanian seaport, the Alban
ian chiefs met at Avlona and pro
claimed the Independence of their
province. Austria now professes a de
sire to see Albania an independent
. etate. under a protectorate. She
would probably extort certain rights
on the coast, and, remembering what
' happened to Bosnia and Herzegovina,
we can easily imagine how the pro
tectorate would end.
It seems to be generally agreed that
the Bosphorus and Dardanelles shall
be thrown open to Russian warships.
The only further object Russia can
' have to gain in Europe by opposing
Austria's claims is to prevent that
country from reaching the sea In Al
bania and Macedonia. Were Austria
to expand southward, she would be
come a dangerous rival of Russia as
the chief power of the Slav race.
Russia desires to develop the Slav na
tions of the Balkan peninsula as a
buffer against the Austrian advance
. and to have them look up to her
as their champion and protector.
Thwarting of Servia's ambition for
the benefit of Austria would, there
fore, be contrary to Russian policy.
Whether she would fight on behalf of
Servia alone is a question, but she
, might find an Inducement In the
' prospect of annexing large slices of
Turkish territory in Asia. The growth
. of an Austrian naval power on the
Aegean Sea, in close proximity to the
Black Sea, would also be unwelcome
to Russia.
The attitude of the present British
government is decidedly friendly to
the Balkan states. Although Britain
would not go to war on their behalf.
Premier Asquith has declared that
they should not be robbed of the ter
ritory they have won by force of arms.
He no doubt expressed British senti
ment, and- British diplomacy would be
guided accordingly. Germany would
' like to see Austria expand southward,
both to gratify her ally and to suit
... nn.n ?aeiima whlrh Aim to make
1 1 r 1 v r ,
. the Austro-Hungarlan empire purely
Slavonic and to attacn tne uerman
' KMVinea tn th P.rmtn pmnire. But
Germany would hardly be disposed to
go to war with this object. vnne
- Italy's obligations bind her to back
Ati-in hor Interests would be better
- served if that country acquired no
more coast line on the Adriatic.
France has no important National
interest Involved.
We may expect a European con
- gress similar to that at Berlin to set
.1. siiimn affairs, unless some rash
act should, like a spark in a powder
magazine, cause1 a suoaen waruse -.
plosion, involving Austria, then Russia
. I . 1 1 T-".. in.
' and perhaps ultimately u ui
We may expect to find Russii back
- : I
ing the Balkan states In the congress
and smoothing down their mutual
rivalries. Arrayed on the side of Rus
sia would be Britain and France; on
that of Austria would be Germany and
Italy; but Britain and Germany may
figure as mediators. It is possible
that the outcome may be a Balkan
confederation or customs union in
cluding Albania. An alternative may
be the creation of one or more free
ports in Albania and another at
Salonlca. If Constantinople should
be captured, it may fall to Bulgaria
or may also become a free port. Ser
vla could then get to the sea without
sacrifice of Albanian nationality or
autonomy, and the Austrian advance
would be checked. '
THE TEST.
Veteran Levi Myers, whose voice is
for peace, is sure that Generalissimo
Brown George Arthur Brown did
the best he could for the Progressive
cause In Oregon during the recent
campaign. Angels could do no more.
We agree, and we recommend to Boss
Coe that Generalissimo Brown be sent
as a delegate to the Progressive -conference
on December 10-11, in Chi
cago, so that it may be officially ex
plained that the one great result of
the Progressive defection in Oregon
was to deliver the state safely to
Wilson.
But one real duty of the forthcom
ing Progressive post mortem, obvious
ly, will be to define a Progressive; and
everybody here would like to have
presented to the mourners the testi
mony of Boss Coe and Generalissimo
Brown. Veteran Myers, and all other
competent witnesses on that vital
subject.
Tour true Oregon Progressive is
that candidate for public office who
succeeds in capturing a Republican
nomination, thereafter repudiating
the Republican party.
Is the ability of a candidate, mas
querading as a Republican, to enter
a Republican primary and get away
with a nomiantion, to be hereafter a
test of his Progresslveness?
ONE BAY OF LIGHT tS THEIR GLOOM.
"I am thankful for what I have and
for what I hope to get," wrltea a good
woman to The Oregonian; "but I
should like to have you, who believe
In capital punishment killing men
because they have killed other men
to tell me what the five men at Salem
have to be thankful for."
The Oregonian Is not disposed to
reply in terms that might easily be
Justified by showing how the law pre
scribes a proper penalty for murder
and the murderer Justly forfeits his
life for his crime. All these things
have been said over and over, with
such effect that the people of Oregon
at the last election put again the final
seal of their high approval on the
death penalty for murderers. Nor
have we any inclination to retort that
the families of the victims of these
five doomed men have even less to be
thankful for than the quintette who
rest under the shadow of the gallows.
Probably these condemned men, If
they knew anything about history,
may take a grain of consolation to
themselves that they do not live in
the day of the rack or the thumb
screw, or the torch, or of drawing
and quartering, or of the other primi
tive and terrible methods of punish
ment once inflicted on great male
factors and often on others. It Is
little enough, to be sure; but it is
something.
Meanwhile a humane and Just peo
ple, conscious that the machinery of
Justice must have controlling and
competent direction, long ago lodged
with the chief executive or tne state
the power of reprieve and commu
tation. GIVE THE SETTLER HIS ICE.
D.uitint Wilonn will have a fine
opportunity to draw a definite line
between theoretical conservation and
real conservation in his appointment
of a Secretary of the Interior. The
munlnr nf the eeneral uprising
throughout the West, crystalizlng in
a widespread demand ror a secretary
of tVin Interior who lives in that great
section, where Is much yet to be con
served, and not from the East, where
there is nothing lelt Dut memories 01
.c.iiii'i'iiD vnstnil flTid a. rjublic domain
despoiled, is that- the people are tired
of impractical theories ana Bureau
cratic methods. It means also that
the people want the Wilson policy on
conservation to be defined and con
trolled by the platform on -vhich he
was elected.
The conservation Dlank in the Dem
ocratic platform Is a sane and reason
able interpretation of the correct prln
tinn with use. It con
tains a clear declaration for conser
vation, and it adds among otner tnings
these satisfactory sentences:
-. at..- Vi YinVk1!- Anmnlft)
npseryttiiu'io i" r - -
should be limited to purposes which they
purport to serve, and not extended to In
clude land wholly ur.ulted thereto.
. - ... -.t vithrinil from sale and
settlement of enormous tract of public
land Upon wnicn tree iruum n'
and cannot be promoted, tends only to re
tard development, create discontent and
bring reproach on the policy of copservation.
The public land law should be adminis
tered In a spirit of the broadest liberality
toward th settler exhibiting a bona fide
1 .. ih.r.n-ith tn the end
purpuso 10 '-' j ...
that the Invitation of this Government to
the landless snouia do as urcuv am
slble and the plain provisions of th forest
reserve act permitting homestead entries
. 1 i.hiH . . Vatlnnal forest
O De mauB 1 1 . . 1 . 1 - -
Bhould not be nulllflet by administrative
regulations wnicn amount 10 -
of great areaa of the same from aettlement.
A Serretarv of the Interior ought to
come from the West, where the prob
lems and trials or tne settler are un
derstood and appreciated. Such a
man could do a great and useful work
for the wronged developers of the
public domain. The long and harmful
era of red-tape bureaucracy and,
meddlesome officialism ought to be
ended. v
HOrSEHOLD EXEaTPTIOJT TALXD.
State Tax Commissioner GallowaV
and others who doubt the constitution
ality of the new act exempting from
taxation all household effects have
overlooked one factor In the case.
Their doubt is founded on a decision
of the Supreme Court holding Invalid
an enactment by the Legislature ex
empting household furniture up to the
vulim nf S200.
We are living In an era of popular
government. It requires no greater
vote to enact a constitutional amena
men? than it does a simple statute
The process of getting each measure
before the people is exactly the same.
The only difference Is in the title. It
would seem reasonable that a mere
matter of title wording ought not to
defeat the will of the people.
Thi view has already been adopted
by the Oregon Supreme Court. In the
opinion construing the home rule li
quor amendment a'dopted in 1910 the
s.inmme Court says:
Under our system now prevailing a clause
or tne organic t' a 1 - --
the Legislative Assembly, since it requires
" - . ...... .nw m Q t.f rlfd tO
no more rawn "- - .
amend a claua of th constitution than it
TIIE -MORNING' OREGOIAN, SATURDAY,
does to enact, alter or repeal a statute, for
a majority vote is surncieni 10 givo ....
to a bill and no greater vote is required to
amend the fundamental law.
If we adapt this line of reasoning to
the tax situation, we find that the con
stitution simply requires that in all tax
measures enacted by the Legislature
the "uniform rule" shall prevail. It
has no application to tax lawa ap
proved by the voters, inasmuch as
the people could have made an ex
ception to the "uniform rule" in favor
of household goods by constitutional
amendment as easily and as readily
oni v.,, tvio came vote as they enacted
an ordinary statute to that effect by
initiative.
The case may be given in other
words. Direct legislation has provid
ed a means of enacting laws regardless
of constitutional limitations. The title
"constitutional amendment" is only
necessarily applied In the event 'the
framers of the law propose some fun
damental principle for the guidance of
the Legislature not of the people.
When the proposed Initiative enact
ment is so comprehensive that legis
lative amendment may be required,
the law should be given only the force
of an ordinary statute.
This is a logical interpretation and
seemingly In accord with the reason
ing of the Supreme Court. It ought
to relieve the Legislature of senti
mental reluctance to amend any initi
ative statute that has been adopted
through willful deceit by the framers
or obvioua misunderstanding or lack
of knowledge on the part of the vot
ers, or of any act that la uncertain In
terms, ambiguous or otherwise loosely
drawn.
PTJBUO ADVISERS.
The Oregonian has received a de
pressing letter from Jessie E. Swope,
of Toledo, Oregon, on the subject of
niihiin mlvl.xers. The letter Is printed
today in another place. Our corre
spondent does not believe that a puDiic
nriviser r-nnlil Aa anv rood. He would
simply be one more grafter on the
purse of the public, ana mere 11
would end.
What she wants to see Is a aociaj
system "so arranged that when a man
Is unable to work he and his iamny
will be cared for without feeling that
they are living on charity."
Thla la a dellehtful condition to
lnnk forward to. We may actually be
moving toward ft, albeit far too slow
ly perhaps to suit our friend. She and
others like her are apt to be discon
tented with the deliberate way in
which the world accomplishes its im
provements. They would like to see
the "revolution," as they call It, hap
nen over nlsrht. and wake up the next
morning in a perfect world. If they
did we fear it would be as Daa as
ever lonn- before nierht. The truth is
that the world Is in revolution all the
time. If it la not moving ahead it
Blips backward. Nothing can stay the
hand of Time. He either builds or he
tears down In spite of any wishes we
may make, and he does it continu
ally. Wa are dLsnosed to agree with tne
Toledo writer that "advice is about
the cheapest thing in the world," as
rtiinM atanfl. At anv rate some kinds
of advice are cheap, that kind, for
example, which certain orators pour
forth in such profusion mgnt alter
nlc-ht on the street corners. If peo
ple were foolish enough, to follow It
all we should all be starving In a week
or two. But there ia some advice
which is neither cheap nor bad. In
almost every emergency of life there
Is tome course which is Detter to 101
low than any other. Often a person
nnnni see this course for himself be
cause bad luck and discouragement
heflouil his mind. At sucn a time 11
he had some one toadvise him wisely
It might mean all the difference be
tween life and death to him.
THACKERAY'S LONDOX.
An Jnterestlne item of current liter
ary gossip relates to F. Hopkinson
Smith's project of publishing a dook
before a great while on Thackeray's
Tt will be illustrated with
his own charcoal drawings and will
overlook none of the Important scenes
whieh Trackerav describes in his nov
els. The room where Colonel New-
come died, the haunts or itecKy
Sharp, her snug little house rented lor
"nnthlnr n. vear." the store where she
did her marketing and brought ruin
upon the head of the wretcnea green
grocer, these and dozens of other cele
brated places will figure In the new
book. Hopkinson Smith makes his
rlrawlna-s in a taxlcab. He stations it
at the desired riolnt in the street, after
getting permlslson from the police,
and proceeds to do his wortc regard
less of the Interested crowd which
always gathers. It seems that he has
pursued the same plan of work in
many European cities, even in Mos-rrt-ar
and alwaTi manages to make
useful friends of the police so that
they place no Impediments in nis waj.
Illustrated in this manner, the book
Thackerav saw it ought
to be extremely attractive, the more
so as Mr. Smith will himself write the
te-rt to a-o with the Dictures. He Is a
literary artist as well as a master of
line and color and his descriptions
will doubtless be as good as his
drawings.
The reader of Thackerasr novels
can hardly help becoming more or
leM familiar with the London or his
day. The places he describes are nu
merous and his Dower to bring them
vividly before the imagination was
undeniable. But for all that it was
not Thackeray but Dickens who made
London the metropolis of the heart to
the English-speaking people of the
world. With all his genius Thackeray
lacked his great rival's capacity to
visualize and to enlist the reader's
sympathy In what he describes. ' His
Interest In places is more external
than Dickens'. He values them as
settings for his characters, not much
for themselves. To Dickens the streets
and houses of London were almost as
much alive as the people who lived
and moved In them. They acquired
a human interest wh'Ich did not al
ways depend on the adventures of any
living person. Dickens' visualizing
power was so strong and his sympathy
so deep with anything that touched
even remotely upon the affairs of
men that places act in his books very
much like persons and the reader
learns to love them quite apart from
anything that may have happened
there. This Is not so in Thackeray.
We see none of his houses in imagi
nation with that perfect clearness of
i.int. whir-h makes Mr. Tulkinghorn's
office an Intimate associate of the
readers of "Bleak House."
Thackeray's Interest in places was
...nerfiMal Dickens' went to the
roots of life. No doubt the difference
in their way of regarding the human
environment corresponded to a genu
ine difference between their minds.
nnnavPF much we may admire
Thackeray's genius and ' whatever
beauties we may discern in his style.
It can hardly be denied that he was
more concerned with the surface of
life than with its depth. The psychol
ogy of such a character as Colonel
Newcome ia charming in the extreme,
but it is shallow. He does the acts
and thinks the thoughts suitable to
his class, the class of British "gentle
men." There is so little of originality
in his nature that he might almost
be taken as a lay figure standing for
any Englishman of his rank in life
and general habits. Some critics have
held that Thackeray's preoccupation
with the "E-entleman" somewhat im-
nairerl hla interest in men and women.
The qualities which make for conven
tional gentility are entirely superficial.
The habitual use of certain forms of
expression, a certain cut of the cloth
ing, the observance of a rixed set 01
social forms, settle the matter. It
was with thines of this sort that
Thackeray occupied himself, not to
the exclusion of more fundamental
human qualities, but apparently by
preference. In his own career he
cared more than anything else for the
repute of gentility. It was his great,
lifelonir ambition to be received at the
better clubs on equal terms with the
born aristocrats of London, wis dooks
herrav the same nredllectlon. ine
characters in whom he feels real in
terest are usually of the Vere de Vere
tvnn. HI middle class people are
simpletons, for the most part, and his
humbler folk are mere automata, ue
does not care enough about them to
give them life. He puts them in his
stories because he cannot get along
without them and he does the' same
thing with houses and streets.
Dickens' mind worked, in a different
way entirely. To him a person's gar
ments, manners and speech were in
teresting, not at all because they be
travert the social class he belonged
with, but because they revealed his
Individual peculiarities. The creator
of Pickwick and Agnes Wakefield
found nothing else In the world so
important and interesting as human
souls and the soul of a street sweeper
was as fascinating as that of a Duke,
more so probably since It had not been
so carefully planed down to a pattern.
Tn Dickens' stories everything a char
acter wears or owns. Indicates a men
tal trait. Sarah Gamp's umbrella nas
a perfectly obvious symbolism and so
has her old alpaca gown. The fun of
hia dialect alwavs corresponds to mer
riment In the heart that utters it.
Thackeray spent his literary life de
scribing "gentlemen." Dickens never
tried to do so more than once or twice
and then he failed. The gentleman is
so completely conventionalized that
Dickens' supremely original genius
could not find a handle to seize the
t-u-ne hv We do not mean to deny,
of course, that Thackeray was also
original, but It was in a ourerent
manner- Ho described the old. habit
ual figures of literature so freshly that
they seemed new to the world, iiis
great rival introduced a set which had
noTrcT- ham heard of before. The one
traveled delightfully through a famil
iar world. The other voyaged to a
new hemisphere.
Wo are now e-ettlnir some instruc
tive peeps behind the scenes of the
organization of the Progressive
party. While the genuine soldiers of
the tnmmnn cood like Jane Addams
and Judge Llndsey, were singing,
onward Christian Soldiers." tne
apostles of- trustology were rigging
11 n for them a nlatform which Is an
endorsement of monopoly regulated
by the Government. Having put up
ti9i2 Knn to secure Rooseveits nomi
nation. Perkins evidently took care to
get what he had paid for. He then
sent $140,000 more alter nis iirst
stake in the effort to make good on
the investment. Too bad. that $262.
600 of hard-earned money should
thus go glimmering and that the un
grateful party should now talk of
eliminating the giver.
There iwnnld be no objection to ar-
hitrartnn nf the auestion whether ex
emption of American coastwise ves
sels from Panama Canal tolls contra
venes the Hay-Pauncefote treaty. If
we nnnid find imDartial arbitrators.
But we should have to go to Switzer
land, Servia, Afghanistan or Tibet to
find men whose fellow citizens were
not interested In the award.
A Detroit burglar was deeply vexed
because diamonds he had gone to a
...it deal nf trouble to steal Droved
to be paste. That's a downright mean
trick to play on an unsuspecting, nara
worklng burglar.
The Army football team has mob
ilized fifty men for today's football
game with the Navy. That's almost
half our available fighting force.
tr nnina should fleht Russia for
possession of Mongolia, she might
nrove a valuable ally of Austria in
case the Balkan war spreads.
Tf wa forbid Japanese steamship
lines to acquire coaling stations in
Honolulu, we assume an obligation to
see that others provide them.
nviiinwlnar Thankseiviner day comes
the aeaaon of indoor sports and spec
ulation as to next season's baseball
winners. All this is restful.
If the English suffragettes continue
their pernicious activity, the govern
ment may be driven to. revive the
ducking stool.
TnHa win e-ive a dozen warships to
the British navy. Home-born or co
lonial, the Briton is true to his ngnt-
lng blood.
China is reported to be preparing
for war with Russia or Japan. China
ought to practice on Artam or Slam,
first.
Snowfall in Portland. But nobody
knew anything about it until the phe
nomenon was noted by the press.
More than $162,000 was spent in the
gamble that ended November 5 in Ore
gon alone, with few winners.
They 'are going to fiddle around on
that European war tune until some
thing heavy drops.
Portland has another murder- mys
tery, yet many would stay the hang
man s hand
A St. Louis man has made a for
tune picking rags. On a piano, no
doubt.
Why don't the people of the snowy
. n J
South come to Ufegon jiu eiijuy 1110
So a Kentucky baby was born wrlth
gray hair. They're usually born bald.
Near-snowfall yesterday was the
usual weather Joke of the season.
! Shop early. 1
yOYEMBEB 30, 1912.
OPPORTUNITY KNOCKS AT DOOK
Northwest Baa Vineyard Land) lor
Growers of Peat-Rlooen Juropc.
t no a xvi-e-t .trsa fal . Nov. 23. (To
the Editor.) Surely It will be of great
Interest and utility to many to learn
that int now the states of Oregon and
Washington can assure a very large
immigration from Germany, if suitable
steps will be taken immediately. Never
before were the good industrious people
In several of the German wine districts
so excited and discontented or so de
sirous to emigrate as now. The most
dreaded pest, tne rnyiiuicii., "
vineyards on the Rhine, Moselle, Nane
T3ni., -n.rv month and year, de
stroying rapidly large areas of the best
and most valuable vineyaras. "-
1 -..m.i.r tn known against this
CHUIUUB I illl. .- -"
pest and It will take 10 years and long
er time till new vineyaraa uu
n nianred aeain on the
contiguous, disordered soil of the very
valuable quality vineyard irauun..
Besides this most dreaded pest, al-
1 . ...1 1 crr-ane prnn of the II O t
must. Lii-a nwic n iJ ' . , .
diseased vineyards was recently de
stroyed, and also ior me ui
the verv severe frosts In the first week
of October. All the German wine dis
tricts every year must rear anu umi
damaire done bv frosts,
IIJU1U V IL . o 1-"- -
heavy thunderstorms, hall, etc., there-
. . 1 1 1 1 -. Ai4 nnantf.
fore the prouucea quaime
ties and prices are very different every
In this relation several districts best
adapted to quality wine grape culture
in the American Northwest, especially
some locations known to me on the
1 - . ika TTmnniiP.
south sloping lanas o" - """""rr
-ni r and Rome OH 1118 II OII U
rtiver 111 uicsuu, - . .
bank of the Columbia River In -Wash
ington, are far Detter 011.
volcanic ash soli It is almost Impossible
for the Phylloxera to exist. The cli
mate, location and soil conditions on
the Umpqua and oh the Columbia can
- nr even better ana
finer quality, and a surer, larger quan-
. . . 1 . v. n famous
tlty or wine grapes
1 ji.i.i.i. in riermanv. where ai-
most every year quality wines were
produced, tnar at me !
...... h-nrht the enormous
wine suuuuuo
prices up to MB per gallon wholesale.
Every year many nunureuo
1 r iKft o-nllnna each are
anas 01. wbao o -
sold in public wine auctions at prices
from lu to to per b"" -
and even Grand Nobel wines are sold
at $50 per bottle! Not only the people
of Europe, but especially uncounted
. . ' i frnm New York. Bos-
ton, Chicago, Baltimore and other cities
of the East are every year buying
mostly through their trusieu
- 1- n ,.ni- nf these finest and
D,KC3X1L9 III uci -
very dearest Nobel wines at enormous
prices. Americans must p.j " '""
considerable freight charges and high
import duties lri,ftTrn..
Now, accoraing.iu OCv"" , 1,
tions I have reoeived from my relatives
. n phoin in Germany.
ana ineimo " ws. ,
where I was born, and as you can read
In the FranKiurier 7-
1 n&rman tl WS DH D CTS, in
several of the German wine districts
thousands or vineyaruisi
, , , ...nVillnfl attended by
members of the Reichstag and Landtag,
the Minister of Agriculture and profes
sors, their immense damages and terri
ble distress and hopeless future. They
speak in public that their only way
and remedy would be emigration to
start a new -a . - . . .
The Northwest win nave
opportunity than Just now i ..""
trious and honorable, faithful German
people to immigrate ana seni " -
Umpqua or Columbia River. Of course,
theSPe people shouM find urage-
ment and every -
making their new homes, and in this
relation 1 rtici ----
about the. future wine production in the
Northwest puoiiisneu m
Chamber of Commerce Bulletins from
November, 1911. and September. 1912.
671 West Thirty-fourth Street.
LOS ANGELES, CaL
NO USE SEEN FOR PUBLIC ADVISER
Writer Want, a New Sy.tem of Gov-
ernment and Kotnin
itai -trrx-i Waah.. Nov. 26. (To the
Editor.) i' have Just been reading The
i .-n.iiirit comment on the
case of J. L Vincent., You appear to
.... . ..til. Asrl on "at IPRNI
think that a puonu v
i i iiuia" in cases of such
extreme distress. Now I for one
should 'like to Know ui "" - -,i
. .j..!..- ,n,.M ho in this case?
PUDIIC HUViaci " . . u - .
It is true he could advise the man to
remain honest, Dut mat
..... . i. i nm. the helnless
teed tne kick. w.i ""-"-,,'-,'".
child. Or the adviser could tell him to
work. But now coura uc,
i rw Tiarhnns he would tell
arm ui untn v. ' -
. .... , i ij ttavA saved Rnme-
ftim mat ne nuu-u - -
thing beforehand ior eraBrstuu"
ir-.. , id he with all the
jobs owned by some one else? And that
he was not ame to get wvio. .
: i,.i he had hia lob only
Dy me L n" - , -
seven days when his arm was broken.
Next to numan ma, iv- -
-i thine w have toaav.
tne cneapcoi v'"b -
Truly such cases are a disgrace even
to our pretenaea civmiii.i-
!.. oo ht we ner-
aisgrace ne m - - -
mlt a social system to continue that
I i. I a In VSl A V
forces men to commu ... V7,
i ik.l. wlvea and cnll-
to proviue ' 1 1--" --
dren. The earth and the fullness
thereof were created ior ait. men,
. . a rAfliiv T. for one.
ior a ibvy men. -
cannot see how a publlo adviser oould
even neip a nwe. ,
-.r i think- of the doctor
IOU maim , , .
wno Deing .(.ailvi - -'
round nve ur i .
3 . i- . wiiii Thav At once beeran
round uo tuwv.. . - ----- - -
to tell him of various kinds of tea
they bad given tne Daoy. "
...j on, harm and it mlfirht
woum iiul uu -
help a little. When they were through
the doctor caliea ior a umi u-i-w
. . , . v. a lot nf other
into wnicn no u.. ----
things. When one of the old ladles
could wait no ioniser
"Doctor, what are you going to do
with that butter?" The doctor replied,
"I am going to grease the baby s
ei how. it won't do any harm, and it
might help a littie.
nri... n r n u u. 1 I h il i- . niiiti w
arranged that when a man is unable to
. .. . j vi. fn.ii will he cared
worn, ne ii-o ,;.
for without feeling that they are living
on charity, it woum t
than it does to try anu mm . .
thousands of men we are making into
criminals every year. Very few men
. a. Aftmfnnla until theV
are mciinw iu wo - - -
are driven to it by circumstances they
cannot control. L
hearted Individual wlwj Wum
. . ' a man under clrcum-
aCUUll orjaiuc-k -
stances like Vincent's. Better far to
. . . i . ita wife. But no.
send mm u - ,, r
we want him to "do time." We want
to put the criminal s Dran u
he may carry vt me ni
nB '.I. . Christian Nation
Truly wo " ...
little nf the brotherly love
out we iwt" r . . . -
.. . v.- .,ht T.et us not waste
any time on V!lliJh ane
already too numy ---
a . .. ,7-,- r. . rather establish a
puDiic oacn.
system where all the people will own
all the Jobs; wnere evei
an . n,ii where care
nave a cuau -- - - -
will be taken to guard against accident
to life and nmDs; wneie .i
where each will get
come uiwiuwoi - - - .
the full value of all he produces, and
where cases ukb v miem. rjl"
. Then and not until tnem.
may we begin to claim Christian clvi
SSuZl JESSIE E. SWOPE.
Authorship of Rate Bill.
DEE, Or., Nov. 28. To the Editor.)
It would be interesting to know who
the author was of the rate measure
nich was recently voted upon and
which has so apparently confused the
railroads and shippers. Can you tell?
rai W. H. MARSHALL.
. The bill Is said to have been Inspired
by the Medford Traffic Bureau and the
Baker Commercial Club and to have
been drawn by Frank H. McCune, who
has been employed by various organ
izations In freight rate controversies.
i t
Nitts on Anxiety
By Dean Collins.
Nesclus Nitts, sage of Punklndorf Sta
tion-
Drove a nicotine volley without devia
tion
Where a roach was escaping in wild
consternation
And nailed it before it could make an
- evasion:
Then spake on anxiety all through the
Nation:
The country is safe, I opine, but
there's still
Plumb bound to be some people anxious
until
We learns Jest what we has a right to
expect
Will come in with this here new Pres'-
dent-elect:
Fer ev"ry appintment, some one hopes
fer prrabbln it.
All through the list clean right up to
the Cabinet.
'And, therefore, while business ain't
'fected at all
Cause Wilson received that there popu
lar call.
The fact It remains there must be, at
the best.
All over the country, some sort of un
rest, N
Till back from Bermuda the wand'rer
has got
And office pursuers can figger what's
what.
This wave of anxiety runs through
the Nation
And even affects us in Punklndorf Sta
tion.
The postofflce right here in Higglns'
store
Has stayed there right steady IS years
or more.
And never no title has stuck any faster
To Higglns himself than the name of
postmaster.
"But now with this change of the ad
ministration
SI Sprague gets to feelln' an anticipa
tion
To land that there Job, after which he
aspires.
And fer postmastershlp he Is pullln'
his wires,
A hopln' to move over into his store
The office thata been here is years or
more.
"Fer year after year, I make fro for
to say.
I've been here at Higglns I alnft
missed a day
And now there's a chanst that the ad
ministration
May move out my seat from its present
location.
So there's a widespread anxiety round,
you can see.
That runs from the Cabinet right clear
down to me."
Portland, November 29.
WHY INTEREST RATES ARE HIGH
Demand for Capital for Development
and Speculation Ia Cause.
PORTLAND, Nov. 27. (To the Edi
tor.) With the large crops and high
prices of farm products, will you kindly
explain to an anxious writer why the
interest rates generally are as high In
Oregon today as they were 20 or 25
years ago; also why there seems such a
scarcltv of money among the rank and
file over Oregon? A few days ago I
was In an Eastern Oregon town when
an Influential citizen, who happened to
be one of the Jew in that Bectlon who
had money ahead, showed me a certifi
cate of deposit from one of the larg
est and strongest banking Institutions
of that section calling for 6 per cent
Interest. This reminded me of 20 years
ago.
We hear of 6, 7 and 8 per cent mort
gage money over Oregon, but when our
farming classes go to get it, there Is
usually a bonus, which brings It in ex
cess of 10 per cent.
. What Is the matter?
H. T. BOOTH.
Interest rates for money are gov
erned mainly by supply and demand, as
are the prices of commodities. Twenty
or 25 years ago there was comparative
stagnation In the development of Ore
gon, so that the demand for money was
no greater In proportion to the then
limited supply than it now is. Great
sections of Oregon, which were then
undeveloped, have now been opened up
by railroads, settlers and investors have
followed the railroads and are making
Improvements, which employ large
amounts of capital. Development has
also been going on apace In the older
communities of the state. All this work
naturally creates a demand for money.
The high rates of Interest Imply that a
high rate of profit Is made, for, except
In rare cases, a business man does not
borrow money unless he can make a
profit In excess of the Interest.
Only so far as they are produced by
speculation are high Interest rates an
unhealthy sign. There doubtless has
been much speculative Investment in
city, farm and timber land, and large
sums have been borrowed to carry such
Investments. These speculative loans
naturally enhance Interest rates, and to
some extent injure productive invest
menta, but It is obvious to any observer
that much healthy, legitimate develop
ment Is going on in Oregon. Borrow
ing for such a purpose Is a good, not a
bad sign.
MR. HASKIJP9 BOOK INSPIRING.
"The American Government'' Prove
Valuable Addition to Kelso Library.
KELSO, Wash., Nov. 26. (To the Ed
itor.) The author, Mr. Haskln. may not
acquire any additional laurels from a
line of commendation from so humble a
source, but all the same I wish to add
my approval of his work "The Ameri
can Government" (in other words)
"Uncle Bam at Work."
I was so Impressed with your per
sistent advertising of this work, that
I began to lay up the coupons, until I
had five of them, but having by some
means missed one, I started in again
and saved up the necessary six, which
I sent you with the necessary 75 cents
for a copy of the work (by mall), which
I received In due time, and have care
fully read up to and Including the
chapter "The Bureau- of Standards."
As no man with sufficient intelligence
to read and understand can read Gray's
"Descriptive and Surgical Anatomy"
without leaving It with a more exalted
idea of the perfections of the Divine
Creator, so no man or woman of com
mon Intelligence can read Mr. Has
kln's work, "The American Govern
ment," without leaving It with a more
exalted Idea of his country. It is no
use to quote any particular sentence
or paragraph contained In this work,
for it Is so full of surprises and reve
lations that one is lost in admiration
of what the Government Is doing to up
lift Its people.
The reading of this work suggests (to
my mind at least) that the book should
.be made a standard text-book for the
common schools of the country It
should be made the reader of every
eighth grade class, and, not only read,
but studied and made one of the sub
jects of examinations.
, The further thought is suggested to
my mind suppose the present Incum
bents of all the various, departments
treated of In this book were turned
out and their places filled by the pres
ent horde of pie hunters, now many
men (or women) in this country today
are nreDared to step In without special
training, and take their places? They
would not be found at the corner gro
cery, or In the goods box whittling so
ciety, which knows so well how to run
the Government. If Mr. Haskin never
does anything more in this life he has
done a noble work. J. J. Jiliu.
MEN SHOULD APPRECIATE WIVES
Lark of It Camn Many Domestic Trasr
rillra, Saya Wile.
CENTRALIA, Wash., Nov. 27. (To
the Editor.) I have been reading the
different letters written to The Ore
gonian regarding marriage, bachelor
girls, etc. What I want to know is,
Why don't a man appreciate a good
wife and family, when he gets one?
I think old-fashioned fathers are as
much in need as old-lasliioned mothers,
if not more so. As a general rule, a
wife will do her part if the husband
does his. The trouble of today is, men
would rather spend their evenings away
from home than with their families.
When some get a good, virtuous wife
they should be satis.ied. How many
women want to spend their evenings
alone? That's why so many women
get to going to dances, and some find
other men to spend their evenings
with. Then comes the divorce or trag
edy, and the woman is all to blame. A
wife needs ag much love and encour
agement as the husband. She is gen
et ally what her husband makes her.
Most of them take such treatment for
the children's sake, and hope for his
reform. Why wiil a man let booze and
bad company, get the best of him when
he could be so much to his family?
When he's down and out. what do his
friends care for Mm? Who loves him
more than his own little family? Don't
It depend on the father, what his fam
ily is? What's the use for the wife to
save, it only gives him that much more
to spend? la such a life worth living?
It seems like the women who long for
the home and family ties are the onea
that get the least out of life. All wo
men are not In for gayety, clubs, dress,
eta I do not say all women are per
fect (we all have our faults), but when
she goes wrong, you can depend that
a man is the cause.
I do blame a woman that will wilfully
break up a family, but she certainly
will get her Just punishment.
One mother wrote, "The trouble of
today Is, women are too wise to have
children." There is nothing nicer than
a large family, and when man and wife
get along nicely, I think they enjoy
each new-born child more, but can you
blame a mother for not wanting to
bring them into the world, when the
father is not what he should be? Can
a wife or mother enjoy them alone?
The father may enjoy them, but will he
deny himself when he wants to enjoy
a few pleasures such as drink, cards,
etc.? Then, when he loses all he had he
leaves his family to live on uncollect
able bills, his little children to long for
him and wonder where he Is, and blesa
him In their prayers. Does he deaerve
It? How they love him, and say, "Me
so lonesome for my papa; me want to
go see him."
Does he realize the responsibility left
to the mother of raising and educating
them? She does not want to give them
up or separate them. Also, show me a
true mother who wants to take chanoea
on bringing another father over them.
Can she expect him to take the same
Interest in them that their own father
should? And who wants to marry a
woman with a family? Would he like
for his daughter to grow up and be
treated like he treats his wife?
We realize we are better off without
such men, but we always hope for the
best, for the children's sake, and think
of their good traits. How can a kind
. . w..V.nm.4 (HvA WAV tO RUCI1
lamer bjiu uuouwu r - - - - -
things when he knows all would be
well If he would only cut out oaa coui-
..-. 9 cvir,ii4 wa let them sro to
yn.il y , vui .. v. - .
see If someone else can do more with
them? Who has a Detter ngm
Joy him, though, than his own little
family? How proua ne is gi v...;-
. v. ..nnl he . man. Hi
aren, ana yei no - -
dear old mother's prayers unanswered
. i . 1 .... tnla
for years, etui an im "
world and know ho has disappointed
her? . .
Yes, and how many men aeserv mo.r
. i.i ..ma frivolnilM woman WHO
bestows her affections on Tom, Dick
and Harry? It s never ior v Bu,u. w--wnmnn.
because auch will not take a
married man. WIFE.
Grain of Comfort. ' 1
PORTLAND, Nov. 29. (To the Edi
tor.) And to all fellow-aufferers under
the pro and con matrimonial plethora
with which we have been late-
11 i n hi u a ...... --
ly stricken, a crumb of comfort: Only
think what curious, nuanoua reaums n
is all going to be when it has passed
Into the "Half Century Ago" column!
L D. M.
A Little Matter of Nerve.
Boston Transcript.
First Flatter My alarm clock never
wakes me now.
Second Flatter1 Well, the noise lsn t
wasted. It wakes me every morning.
First Flatter Is that so? Say. would
you mind running down and pounding
on my door when you hear It?
An Incident in Swimming.
New York Weekly.
Winter Visitor (in Florida) I should
love dearly to go sailing, but It looks
very dangerous. Do not people often
get drowned In this bay? Waterman
No Indeed, mum. The sharks never let
anybody drown.
SPECIAL
SUNDAY
FEATURES
Ask Your Congressman There
is a great array of favors he can
grant his constituents, all of
which are set out in detail in a
page article by W. A. Du Puy.
Illustrated by photos.
Staunch Servian Women They
are the bulwark of the Nation
and, according to a Belgrade cor
respondent, are peers of the Spar
tan mothers of old.
The American Woman She ia
made' the subject of an absorbing
interview with Nazimova, who has
made a study of the subject and
holds views that are interesting
and unique.
Crops for Hunters An illus
trated page account of Oregon's
game farm, where the birds for
future generations are propa
gated. Doctoring Beasts A full page
in colors o the S. P. C. A. hos
pital for beasts, where many
strange operations are performed.
Occupations of ex-Presidents
Profitable fields of endeavor
await them when they leave the
White House. Without the pro
posed pension the ex-President is
assured of an annual income of
$50,000 in private life.
Our Next Congress It is care
fully analyzed by an expert who
finds that the South will rule in
the House.
Two Short Stories, four pages
of color comics.
MANY OTHER FEATURES
Order today from your newsdealer.